Thèses sur le sujet « Conditions de sortie »
Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres
Consultez les 29 meilleures thèses pour votre recherche sur le sujet « Conditions de sortie ».
À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.
Parcourez les thèses sur diverses disciplines et organisez correctement votre bibliographie.
Poux, Alexandre. « Conditions limites de sortie pour les méthodes de time-splitting appliquées aux équations Navier-Stokes ». Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14656/document.
Texte intégralOne of the understudied difficulties in the simulation of incompressible flows is how to treat the incompressibilityconstraint and the velocity/pressure coupling in order to obtain an accurate solution at low computationnalcost. In this context, we develop two methods: pressure-correction and velocity-correction. An anotherdifficulty is due to the boundary conditions. We study here two of them : the traction boundary condition andthe Orlanski boundary condition. After having developed the difficulties that appears when implementing timesplittingmethods, we propose a new way to enforce the traction boundary condition which improves the orderof convergence. Then we propose a new definition of the advective velocity C which is needed for the Orlanskiboundary condition. Our propositions are validated against multiple physical flows: flow over a backward facingstep, flow around a biffurcation, flow around an obstacle and several Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Bénard flows
Roques, Martine. « Les conditions psycho-sociales de la sortie du chômage : réorganisation du système des activités en situation de transition ». Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20009.
Texte intégralThe topic of this study is based on the question : which are the psychological and psychosociological conditions in getting out of unemployment. These conditions had been partly described by studies interested in psychological effects of unemployment. These studies have shown that : 1) unemployed have a lower psychological well-being tha employed (functionalist point of view); 2) the impact of unemployment is not the same for all individuals (differencialist); 3) this impact is not linear according to the length of unemployment (genetic point of view). However, the segmented approach prevailing in these studies doesn't allow us to acceed to a complet comprehension. A new model is proposed, allowing us analysing individual's reazctions in the global functioning of activity system. A longitudinal analysis based on a period of 19 months and 5 observations allows us to obtain 3 sub-groups, each caracterising one level of the variable to explain : how people getting out of unemployment. The data analysis shows that the rapidity with which an individual getting out of unemployment is due to the global functioning of the activity system. The sub-group a, composed by the subjects who getting out of unemployment after 7 months, show ahigh activity level and a synergy between the professionnal and social activities. The sub-group b, composed by the subjects getting out of unemployment after 11 months, cope with the perturbation by the activity intersignification. Sub-group c (subjects are unemployed for 19 months)
Blanc, Alain-Philippe. « Étude des équations de Hamilton-Jacobi avec des conditions de Dirichlet discontinues et applications aux problèmes de contrôle optimal avec temps de sortie et aux problèmes de grandes déviations ». Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR4004.
Texte intégralCheaytou, Rima. « Etude des méthodes de pénalité-projection vectorielle pour les équations de Navier-Stokes avec conditions aux limites ouvertes ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4715.
Texte intégralMotivated by solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with open boundary conditions, this thesis studies the Vector Penalty-Projection method denoted VPP, which is a splitting method in time. We first present a literature review of the projection methods addressing the issue of the velocity-pressure coupling in the incompressible Navier-Stokes system. First, we focus on the case of Dirichlet conditions on the entire boundary. The numerical tests show a second-order convergence in time for both the velocity and the pressure. They also show that the VPP method is fast and cheap in terms of number of iterations at each time step. In addition, we established for the Stokes problem optimal error estimates for the velocity and pressure and the numerical experiments are in perfect agreement with the theoretical results. However, the incompressibility constraint is not exactly equal to zero and it scales as O(varepsilondelta t) where $varepsilon$ is a penalty parameter chosen small enough and delta t is the time step. Moreover, we deal with the natural outflow boundary condition. Three types of outflow boundary conditions are presented and numerically tested for the projection step. We perform quantitative comparisons of the results with those obtained by other methods in the literature. Besides, a theoretical study of the VPP method with outflow boundary conditions is stated and the numerical tests prove to be in good agreement with the theoretical results. In the last chapter, we focus on the numerical study of the VPP scheme with a nonlinear open artificial boundary condition modelling a singular load for the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes problem
Fryszman, Aline. « La victoire triste ? : espérances, déceptions et commémorations de la victoire dans le département du Puy-de-Dôme en sortie de guerre (1918-1924) ». Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00739078.
Texte intégralConstanty, Jean-Jacques. « Application de la méthode de planification par programme à la détermination d'un plan d'action pour l'organisation d'un réseau de communication et de coordination dans le but d'améliorer les conditions de retour à domicile des personnes âgées handicapées à leur sortie d'une hospitalisation en médecine interne ». Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25148.
Texte intégralRossini, Reynald. « "en sortir" pour "s'en sortir". Etude des conditions de mobilite spatiale et mentale des jeunes en milieu urbain ». Lyon 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO20015.
Texte intégralBarthe, Benjamin. « La clause de sortie des relations contractuelles : proposition de définition unitaire ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1006.
Texte intégralThe general theory of the contractual obligations treats breach of contract only through the “résolution”. It does not mention either the concept of duration of the contract. The attention of the French jurists is mainly focused on the cancellation for non-fulfilment and the offending termination of the agreement without any term. Another presentation, more neutral, is however possible, studying the exit of the contract and, more particularly, the opportunity given to the contracting parties to envisage the exit of their contractual relations.Then it is possible to realize that the practice, against the gaps of the general theory, knew to adapt existing concepts in order to take into consideration the evolution of the contract since the beginning of the 19th century. Thus many clauses, which make it possible to one of the contracting parties to leave the contract, developed under various names and are today present in all the contracts. The analysis of jurisprudence reveals that the litigations which result from it, not only relate to common problems, but also tend to bring common solutions ; at the very least, one perceives the need for a unit treatment. The study, pushing back the classical distinction between the “résolution” and the “résiliation”, seeks the existence of a unit, seeks to check the existence of the exit clause which would institute a faculty to leave in a way anticipated of a relation concluded for one limited duration. For that purpose, the exit clause is approached like any other “autonomous” clause.Initially, it is necessary to show the existence of a common objective of validity. It is question first of all of emphasizing the common function of the clauses, which is to secure the holder of the faculty of exit against a loss of interest. The unit continues in the nature of the clause: resulting from an agreement of the parties, it sets up a “potestative” right. It then takes the features of a “modern” “resolutive condition”, contemporary adaptation of the condition of the obligation envisaged by the Civil code.In the second time, once they are validly provided, the clauses of exit must meet a common aim of effectiveness : the exit is exerted by unilateral act and then obeys the rules applicable in this case. Beyond this mode, one can realize that there exist common conditions to all the clauses of exit. The effects of these clauses, finally, present or must present a certain unit, whether the exit put in work is successful or that it failed
Haddad, Adel. « Modèles numériques à faibles nombres de Mach pour l'étude d'écoulements en convection naturelle et mixte ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10154.
Texte intégralThe 3D numerical model which we developed in this thesis presents two main features: a Low-Mach-Number approximation for water along with an open boundary condition formulation. Indeed, the difficulties related to the former point stand in a computationally efficient adaptation of the water equation of state in the framework of Low Mach number approximation, whereas the difficulties related to the latter concern the introduction of Open Boundary Conditions in the projection algorithm used. We have computed a mixed convection flow in a horizontal channel uniformly heated from below and compared the results obtained with both the Boussinesq approximation and experimental results
Guerrier, Béatrice. « Relations entrees-sorties dans des systemes diffusifs : reduction du modele d'etat-identification de conditions aux limites ». Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066218.
Texte intégralVincent, Hugo. « Simulations et analyses de sensibilité du bruit produit des écoulements cisaillés ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ECDL0007.
Texte intégralIn this PhD work, sensitivity studies are carried out for turbulent shear flows using direct noise computations and the complex differentiation method.First, the complex differentiation method is applied to two-dimensional mixing layers to investigate its capacity to highlight the effects of a parameter on the aerodynamic noise.For that, direct numerical simulations of mixing layers are performed using this method for different Mach numbers, Reynolds numbers and mesh spacings.In each case, the derivatives of the noise levels with respect to one of the three parameters are obtained using the complex differentiation method.The results are in good agreement with others from the literature and parametric studies.They indicate that the complex differentiation method can be used to describe the effects of physical parameters and of the grid resolution on the sound produced by a high-speed flow.Secondly, the complex differentiation method is applied to the study of the receptivity mechanism occurring when an acoustic wave reflects at the nozzle lip of a jet.For this purpose, using the results of a simulation of a jet impinging on a plate, an imaginary amplitude acoustic pulse is introduced at a given time in the near-nozzle region outside the jet.The sensitivity of the near-nozzle mixing layers to an acoustic disturbance is then determined using the complex differentiation method.This sensitivity is used to highlight the excitation of an instability wave by the acoustic disturbance.Finally, the influence of nozzle-exit conditions (velocity profile and turbulence level) on the tonal noise components generated by subsonic impinging jets is investigated.For that, jets with different nozzle-exit velocity profiles, several boundary-layer excitation levels, at Mach numbers of 0.6 or 0.9, impinging on a plate located at 6 or 8 nozzle radii from the nozzle, are simulated.The results show that the nozzle-exit conditions significantly affect the amplitude of the tonal noise components and that impinging jets at Mach numbers below 0.65, which are generally non-resonant, can be resonant for specific nozzle-exit conditions.The effects of the nozzle-exit conditions are found to result from changes in the development of the jet mixing layers, which lead to differences in the amplification properties of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability waves between the nozzle and the plate, and in the energy contained in the coherent structures of the jets near the impingement region
Rowley, Kyle Jay. « Sediment Transport Conditions Near Culverts ». BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4252.
Texte intégralNguema, Endamne Gilbert. « Orientation scolaire au sortir de la classe de troisième de l'enseignement secondaire général public au Gabon ». Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50377-2003-25-1-2.pdf.
Texte intégralDurocher, Kathleen. « Pour sortir les allumettières de l’ombre : conditions de travail et de vie des allumettières à la E.B. Eddy Match de Hull, 1854 à 1928 ». Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39618.
Texte intégralMiwa, Keiko, Jong-Kook Lee, Kyoko Hidaka, Rong-qian Shi, Gen Itoh, Takayuki Morisaki et Itsuo Kodama. « Paracrine Factors from Cultured Cardiac Cells Promote Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into Cardiac Myocytes ». Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7580.
Texte intégralGeorges, Raphaël. « Les soldats alsaciens-lorrains de la Grande Guerre dans la société française (1918-1939) ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG015.
Texte intégralThis thesis examines the place reserved for Alsatian and Lorrainer soldiers of the Great War in postwar French society, from 1918 until the end of the 1930s. It is indeed because of the history of their province – annexed since 1871 to the German Empire – that they are called to serve as German soldiers throughout the conflict. Yet most of them become French citizens in the aftermath of the war. In this new national setting, it is their status as former German soldiers that largely determines their return to civilian life and, to a greater extent, their social integration. We thus intend to question the practical, symbolic and memory implications of this atypical military past, in the field of French society during the interwar years. To this purpose, we firstly analyze the process of return and reception of the soldiers, the terms and conditions of assistance and support with the aim of their social reintegration – particularly for the disabled veterans – as well as the social reorganizations caused by their war experience. Secondly, we try to identify the representations that were circulated and they were subjected to, so as to understand the memory and social issues at stake that determine their place in society
Muller, Taina Soraia [Verfasser], et Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Lieberei. « Somatic Embryogenesis of Theobroma cacao L. : Developmental Physiology of the Embryo and Improvement of Culture Conditions / Taina Soraia Muller. Betreuer : Reinhard Lieberei ». Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1042278369/34.
Texte intégralGeorges, Raphaël. « Les soldats alsaciens-lorrains de la Grande Guerre dans la société française (1918-1939) ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG015.
Texte intégralThis thesis examines the place reserved for Alsatian and Lorrainer soldiers of the Great War in postwar French society, from 1918 until the end of the 1930s. It is indeed because of the history of their province – annexed since 1871 to the German Empire – that they are called to serve as German soldiers throughout the conflict. Yet most of them become French citizens in the aftermath of the war. In this new national setting, it is their status as former German soldiers that largely determines their return to civilian life and, to a greater extent, their social integration. We thus intend to question the practical, symbolic and memory implications of this atypical military past, in the field of French society during the interwar years. To this purpose, we firstly analyze the process of return and reception of the soldiers, the terms and conditions of assistance and support with the aim of their social reintegration – particularly for the disabled veterans – as well as the social reorganizations caused by their war experience. Secondly, we try to identify the representations that were circulated and they were subjected to, so as to understand the memory and social issues at stake that determine their place in society
Bacchi, Vito. « Etude expérimentale de la dynamique sédimentaire d'un système à forte pente soumis à des conditions hydrauliques faibles ». Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625381.
Texte intégralTeulières, Laure. « Français et italiens dans la France méridionale de la fin de la Grande guerre au sortir de l'occupation : opinion et représentations réciproques ». Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20039.
Texte intégralItalian immigration which reached south western france at the beginning of the twenties had a major impact in local rural communities. To better understand the relations between the french and the italians, it is necessary to assess the reactions of public opinion as it was confronted with this migration. Hence this study lays emphasis on a plural approach which combines an analysis of both the sociological data on the issue and the social discourse it generated. To do so it is essential to take into account the various systems of representations at work in southern french society as well as the interactions induced by the differences of opinion within the two populations. At first, demographic preoccupation coupled with a general agreement on the benefits of an increased labour force eased the acceptance of this immigration. The shared rural values contributed to the shaping of a favourable representation among local people. In the midst of conflicts revolving around fascism, ideological references had a pivotal role as they determined contrasted reactions of either hostility or friendship ; the political and communal organisation of migrants had a long lasting influence on these reactions. Despite its overall importance in the expression of public opinion, the political issue was not the only one relevant. Catholicity, the manner professional relations were then conducted, the mutual perception of cultural practices, etc. Permit to achieve a more thorough comprehension of the manifestations of opinion which characterised this migratory encounter. From the late thirties to june 1944 (french liberation) this period of crisis gave rise to tensions. The global context, the consequences of the italian declaration of war against france and the new scissions resulting from german occupation combined to transform the representations at work in the public opinion and modified the relations between french and italians
Lind, Joakim, et Lars Sparre. « Investigating New Multifactor Models with a Conditional Dual-Beta : Can a Conditional Dual-Beta in the Market Factor add Explanatory Value in New Multifactor Models ? A study of the Swedish Stock Market between 2003 and 2015 ». Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129987.
Texte intégralStevanoni, Martina. « The fine modulation of mammalian DNA replication in response to endogenous and exogenous stress conditions ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424576.
Texte intégralLa replicazione del DNA è essenziale per consentire l’accurata trasmissione del materiale genetico durante le successive divisioni cellulari. Nelle cellule di mammifero i siti di inizio sono raggruppati in regioni genomiche di 200-400 kb, definite cluster replicativi, che sono a loro volta racchiusi in più ampi domini di replicazione (Méchali 2010; Cayrou et al. 2011). Questa organizzazione gerarchica consente di controllare il processo replicativo nello spazio e nel tempo tramite la regolazione dell’attivazione delle origini sia a livello locale all’interno dei cluster che a livello globale nei domini di replicazione (Yekezare et al. 2013). Durante la fase G1 del ciclo cellulare le origini vengono “licenziate”, ma solo una parte di esse viene poi attivata nella successiva fase S (Ge et al. 2007; Blow & Ge 2009; Méchali 2010). Inoltre, le origini si attivano in modo stocastico all’interno dei cluster e sono diversamente distribuite nel genoma tra le diverse cellule (Hyrien et al. 2003; Gilbert 2007; Méchali 2010). Pertanto, le origini di replicazione nei mammiferi sono ridondanti e flessibili (Hyrien et al. 2003; Méchali 2010), caratteristiche indispensabili per fronteggiare non solo condizioni di stress replicativo, ma anche cambiamenti dell’organizzazione cromatinica quali quelli che avvengono durante lo sviluppo e il differenziamento cellulare (Cortez 2015; Alver et al. 2014; Palumbo et al. 2013; Zeman & Cimprich 2014). La regolazione temporale dell’attivazione delle origini è stabilita a livello dei domini replicativi, conservati in successivi cicli cellulari e classificati come regioni a replicazione precoce, intermedia e tardiva in base al loro timing di attivazione durante la fase S (Hiratani et al. 2008; Pope & Gilbert 2013; Rivera-Mulia & Gilbert 2016b). I profili replicativi determinano il programma di replicazione specifico di ogni tipo cellulare e sono regolati durante le diverse fasi dello sviluppo e del differenziamento, così come in risposta a stress (Palumbo et al. 2013; Courbet et al. 2008; Anglana et al. 2003). I profili di replicazione sono definiti da vari parametri: oltre alla posizione e alla scelta delle origini, anche la velocità di progressione delle forche e i diversi pattern replicativi alternativi, quali forche unidirezionali, asincrone e in pausa, sono finemente regolati. Per la corretta interpretazione dei complessi fenomeni associati alla replicazione del DNA tutti questi pattern devono essere attentamente considerati (Prioleau & MacAlpine 2016; Hyrien 2015; Palumbo et al. 2013). Pertanto, per riuscire ad apprezzare la plasticità e la variabilità intrinseche del processo replicativo, le tecniche di analisi su singola molecola risultano essere particolarmente appropriate (Tuduri et al. 2010; Técher et al. 2016; Prioleau & MacAlpine 2016). In questo lavoro ho valutato come vengono modulati i profili di replicazione in presenza di stress replicativi endogeni ed esogeni. In particolare, utilizzando diversi modelli cellulari ho analizzato come venga regolata la replicazione del DNA in regioni genomiche instabili, in particolari condizioni di crescita e durante il differenziamento. In primo luogo, ho determinato gli effetti associati alla presenza di sequenze trinucleotidiche ripetute. Le triplette ripetute sono tra le regione del genoma più instabili e variazioni della loro lunghezza sono coinvolte in diverse malattie neurodegenerative (McMurray 2010; Lee & McMurray 2014). La loro caratteristica principale, strettamente collegata alla loro instabilità, è la capacità di formare strutture secondarie insolite (Mirkin & Mirkin 2007; Krasilnikova & Mirkin 2004), che inducono stress replicativo impedendo la normale progressione delle forche (Zeman & Cimprich 2014; Magdalou et al. 2014; León-Ortiz et al. 2014). Si pensa che tra i vari processi metabolici associati al DNA la replicazione abbia un ruolo fondamentale nel promuovere l’espansione e l’instabilità delle triplette ripetute, tra cui anche la ripetizione GAA associata all’atassia di Friedreich (Pearson et al. 2005; Cleary & Pearson 2005). Per capire meglio il meccanismo che sta alla base della loro instabilità sono stati utilizzati diversi modelli sperimentali, dal lievito a cellule umane ingegnerizzate (Follonier et al. 2013; Chandok et al. 2012; Kim et al. 2008). Tuttavia, rispetto ai lunghi tratti ripetuti osservati in cellule di pazienti, il limitato numero di triplette presente in questi modelli non consente uno studio approfondito degli effetti sulla sintesi del DNA. Per questo motivo, ho analizzato i profili replicativi in cellule linfoblastoidi umane derivate da pazienti affetti da atassia di Friedreich e che presentano in omozigosi un’espansione della tripletta GAA nel primo introne del gene Fratassina. In presenza dell’espansione ho osservato alterazioni del timing di replicazione del gene tramite la tecnica della FISH su nuclei in interfase, identificando vari cambiamenti nei profili replicativi della regione analizzata. Nello specifico, in base alla proporzione dei segnali di ibridazione duplicati ho potuto definire un ritardo nella replicazione del gene mutato durante la prima metà della fase S. Questo ritardo viene però recuperato nella parte finale della fase S, in quanto la replicazione del gene viene completata sia negli alleli normali che in quelli con tripletta espansa. Grazie alla tecnica del molecular combing ho poi monitorato le dinamiche di replicazione di una regione genomica di 850 kb contenente il gene Fratassina. Dalle mie analisi è emerso che l’effetto principale associato alla presenza della mutazione è l’attivazione di origini dormienti aggiuntive, situate a valle della tripletta ripetuta e all'interno del gene. Esse possono essere considerate come un meccanismo di recupero per assicurare il completamento della replicazione negli alleli mutati. In conseguenza dell’attivazione di queste origini dormienti, la direzione con cui la tripletta espansa viene replicata cambia, dimostrando che il modello di origin-switch, proposto per descrivere i meccanismi di instabilità delle triplette ripetute, è conforme al caso dell’espansione GAA nel gene Fratassina, come precedentemente osservato anche nel locus FMR1 (Gerhardt et al. 2014). In maniera indipendente un altro gruppo di ricerca è giunto alle mie stesse conclusioni (Gerhardt et al. 2016). Nel corso di queste analisi è emersa una significativa diminuzione della lunghezza delle forche unidirezionali negli alleli espansi, che può essere considerata come un secondo effetto associato alla mutazione nel gene Fratassina. Similmente a quanto osservato nel locus FMR1 (Gerhardt et al. 2014), in questo lavoro sono stati identificati eventi di arresto/pausa delle forche in corrispondenza della corta ripetizione GAA in una delle due linee di controllo analizzate, osservazione che suggerisce un possibile ruolo del tratto ripetuto non patologico sulla progressione delle forche. Recentemente è stato dimostrato che la sequenza GAA espansa è un sito di blocco delle forche replicative, ed è stato ipotizzato che gli eventi di arresto siano dovuti alla collisione tra i complessi proteici coinvolti nella replicazione e nella trascrizione del DNA (Gerhardt et al. 2016). Indagini future devono mirare a capire se il meccanismo di origin-switch osservato in presenza dell’espansione GAA sia la causa dell’espansione stessa o ne sia una conseguenza. Un secondo aspetto che ho considerato riguarda la modulazione del programma replicativo in seguito a innalzamento e sbilanciamento dei pool dei nucleotidi. Sintesi, degradazione e consumo dei precursori del DNA devono essere accuratamente controllati per assicurare la replicazione completa del genoma e per evitare instabilità (Rampazzo et al. 2010; Chabes & Stillman 2007; Chabosseau et al. 2011; Bester et al. 2011). In presenza di quantità limitate di nucleotidi le forche replicative rallentano drasticamente e inducono l’attivazione della risposta al danno del DNA, sottoponendo le cellule a stress replicativo (Anglana et al. 2003; Courbet et al. 2008). Al contrario, le conseguenze di un elevato supporto di nucleotidi sulle dinamiche di replicazione sono state osservate solo in lievito, dove in seguito a sovraespressione dell’enzima ribonucleotide reduttasi è stato dimostrato un aumento della velocità di progressione delle forche (Poli et al. 2012). Gli effetti in cellule di mammifero sono invece ancora sconosciuti. Per questo motivo ho utilizzato come modelli sperimentali fibroblasti primari umani e monociti della linea THP1 con pool nucleotidici alti e sbilanciati a causa della mancanza della proteina SAMHD1 (Franzolin et al. 2013; Miazzi et al. 2014). Con la tecnica del molecular combing mi è stato possibile studiare i profili di replicazione a livello di intero genoma. Ho dimostrato che lo sbilanciamento dei pool dei nucleotidi non influisce sulle dinamiche di replicazione dei fibroblasti primari, né in condizioni fisiologiche né sotto stress replicativo. Al contrario, i monociti THP1 privi di SAMHD1 mostrano un inatteso rallentamento delle forche replicative con conseguente aumento delle origini attivate in ogni cluster. La diversa risposta cellulare osservata in seguito allo sbilanciamento dei pool può essere spiegata da un ruolo specifico di SAMHD1 in funzione del tipo cellulare. In alternativa, è possibile che i fibroblasti abbiano sviluppato un fenotipo adattativo per compensare la mancanza della proteina. Analisi future avranno come scopo quello di verificare la validità di queste due ipotesi e di valutare possibili effetti associati a blocco e ripartenza delle forche replicative. Infine, ho valutato come cambiano i profili di replicazione durante il differenziamento. È noto che timing e dinamiche di replicazione sono specifici del tipo cellulare e sono regolati in base a cambiamenti dell’organizzazione cromatinica che avvengono durante lo sviluppo e il differenziamento (Palumbo et al. 2013; Hiratani et al. 2010; Hiratani et al. 2008). Quindi, ho valutato se la riattivazione forzata del ciclo cellulare in cellule terminalmente differenziate influenzi la replicazione del DNA. Come modello sperimentale ho usato miotubi di topo forzati a rientrare nel ciclo cellulare e li ho analizzati con molecular combing rispetto a mioblasti proliferanti. In seguito a riattivazione forzata, ho osservato una significativa riduzione della velocità delle forche replicative, similmente a quanto visto in condizioni di stress replicativo (Anglana et al. 2003; Palumbo et al. 2010). Questo risultato è in accordo con il fallimento del processo replicativo osservato nei miotubi riattivati e si pensa sia dovuto a un’incapacità di queste cellule di espandere in modo corretto i pool dei nucleotidi (Pajalunga et al. 2010; Pajalunga et al. 2017). In effetti, dopo l’aggiunta dei precursori del DNA nei miotubi riattivati si osserva un parziale miglioramento della velocità delle forche. Nonostante ciò però, il numero di origini attivate in ogni cluster è simile tra miotubi e mioblasti, perciò è ragionevole pensare che regioni del genoma restino non replicate. In conclusione, l’incapacità di completare la replicazione del DNA osservata nei miotubi dopo riattivazione forzata del ciclo cellulare non solo è dovuta alla limitata disponibilità di nucleotidi, ma anche a un difetto nel reclutare origini di replicazione aggiuntive per compensare la riduzione delle velocità. Un secondo aspetto interessante è l'aumentata proporzione di forche unidirezionali nei miotubi riattivati rispetto ai mioblasti, simile a quanto precedentemente osservato in fibroblasti primari umani (Palumbo et al. 2013). In questo caso, le forche unidirezionali visualizzate possono essere considerate come un residuo della modalità con cui alcuni domini replicano quando le cellule vanno verso il differenziamento terminale. Resta interessante capire se anche il timing della replicazione sia alterato dopo riattivazione forzata del ciclo cellulare. La replicazione del DNA è un processo molto complesso caratterizzato da una grande plasticità, pertanto non è consigliato trarre conclusioni generali da studi basati su singoli tipi cellulari. I risultati ottenuti in questo lavoro contribuiscono a interpretare la grande complessità del processo replicativo, offrendo anche nuove prospettive per approfondimenti futuri.
Hrubý, Radomír. « Technologie odstranění oxidů síry (SOx) ze spalin pro velká spalovací zařízení ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-416651.
Texte intégralDickson, Crispin. « A few aspects of aircraft noise ». Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Teknisk akustik, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4510.
Texte intégralAlbin, Eric. « Contribution à la modélisation numérique des flammes turbulentes : comparaison DNS-EEM-Expériences ». Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557908.
Texte intégralShahin, Kamrul. « Modèle graphique probabiliste appliqué au diagnostic de l'état de santé des systèmes, au pronostic et à l'estimation de la durée de vie résiduelle ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0129.
Texte intégralThis thesis contributes to prognosis and health management for assessing health condition of complex systems. In the context of operational management and operational safety of systems, we propose to investigate how Dynamic Probabilistic Graphical Modelling (DPGM) can be used to diagnose the current health state of systems, prognostic the future health state, and the evolution of degradation, as well as estimate its remaining useful life based on its operating conditions. System degradation is generally unknown and requires shutting down the system to be observed. However, this is difficult or even impossible during system operation. Though, a set of observable quantities on a system or component can characterise the level of degradation and help to estimate the remaining useful life of components and systems. The DPGM provides an approach suitable for modelling the evolution of the health state of systems and components. The aim of this thesis is to transpose and capitalize on the experience of these previous works in a prognostic context on the basis of a more efficient DPGM taking into account the available knowledge on the system. We extend the classical HMM family models to the IOHMM to allow the time propagation of uncertainty to address prognostic problems. This research includes the extension of learning and inference algorithms. Variants of the HMM model are proposed to incorporate the operating environment into the prognosis. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to solving the following scientific locks: - Considering the state of health whatever the complexity of the system by a stochastic model and learning the model parameters from the available measurements on the system. - Establish a diagnosis of the state of health of the system and the prognosis of its evolution by integrating several operational conditions. - Estimate the remaining useful life of components and structured systems with series and parallel components. This is a major challenge because the prognosis of the degradation of system components makes it possible to define strategies for either control or maintenance in relation to the residual life of the system. This allows the reduction of the probability of occurrence of a shutdown due to a system malfunction either by adjusting the degradation speed to fit in with a preventive maintenance plan or by proactively planning maintenance interventions
Dhima, Julien. « Evolution des méthodes de gestion des risques dans les banques sous la réglementation de Bale III : une étude sur les stress tests macro-prudentiels en Europe ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01E042/document.
Texte intégralOur thesis consists in explaining, by bringing some theoretical elements, the imperfections of EBA / BCE macro-prudential stress tests, and proposing a new methodology of their application as well as two specific stress tests in addition. We show that macro-prudential stress tests may be irrelevant when the two basic assumptions of the Gordy-Vasicek core model used to assess banks regulatory capital in internal methods (IRB) in the context of credit risk (asymptotically granular credit portfolio and presence of a single source of systematic risk which is the macroeconomic conjuncture), are not respected. Firstly, they exist concentrated portfolios for which macro-stress tests are not sufficient to measure potential losses or even ineffective in the case where these portfolios involve non-cyclical counterparties. Secondly, systematic risk can come from several sources; the actual one-factor model doesn’t allow a proper repercussion of the “macro” shocks. We propose a specific credit stress test which makes possible to apprehend the specific credit risk of a concentrated portfolio, as well as a specific liquidity stress test which makes possible to measure the impact of liquidity shocks on the bank’s solvency. We also propose a multifactorial generalization of the regulatory capital valuation model in IRB, which allows applying macro-stress tests shocks on each sectorial portfolio, stressing in a clear, precise and transparent way the systematic risk factors impacting it. This methodology allows a proper impact of these shocks on the conditional probability of default of the counterparties of these portfolios and therefore a better evaluation of the capital charge of the bank
MBURU, MAINA MOSES, et MAINA MOSES MBURU. « Methods Process and Experimental Conditions Impacts on PFO Sorting of Large Diameter Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ». Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23rb76.
Texte intégral國立臺灣科技大學
化學工程系
107
Abstract. Successful separation of metallic and semiconducting nanotubes from raw single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) is a key step in making of high-performance, solution-processed electronics. Among various methods proposed to achieving this, polymer wrapping found to be most efficient. Conjugated polymer found to selectively disperse and sort s-SWCNTs simultaneously. Poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (PFO); a derivative of polyfluorene was among the first reported polymers. However, its use has been limited to sorting small diameter SWCNTs. It has been reported to be incapable of sorting large diameter nanotubes and this makes it less utilized in sorting of SWCNTs required for most electronics. The effect of solvents and molecular architecture on the selective dispersion and sorting of SWCNTs through this method, reported to be crucial and therefore more attention has been taken on solvent and structures which favors polymer-SWCNT interaction. A significant focus has been on modification of conjugated polymer backbone structure through incorporation of aromatic monomer, longer alkyl side chain, electron rich or electron deficiency moieties. Less attention has been given to sorting method process and experimental conditions and this may have a great influence on sorting process as well. In this work the effects of method process and experimental conditions were investigated and it was found to have great effects on the final results i.e. Low polymer to SWCNTs ratio, less sonication and centrifugation time and power at normal temperature, resulted to incapability of PFO to disperse large diameter but on adjustment of these conditions, positive results were recorded. In this work successful dispersion of large diameter SWCNTs (1.4-1.73nm) by PFO-commercial is reported. This was achieved after modification of process and experimental conditions from that reported in previous works. (11, 36, 37) The SWNTs-Polymer ratio was adjusted to 1:4 which ensures enough polymer amount to interact with large diameter nanotubes which have larger surface area as compared with small diameter SWNTs. Sonication conditions was modified by increasing sonication time to 2hrs with addition of ice after every 30min to ensure enough time for proper dispersion of more stiff large diameter nanotubes bundles. Centrifugation condition was also modified by using high centrifugation force i.e. 48000g for 1hr at 4℃ to ensure there is required speed for components separation. Five analysis methods i.e. U.V., PLE, AFM, RAMAN spectroscopy and TRANSISTOR analysis were used in this work. AFM images shows dispersed individual nanotubes in supernatant which in father analysis found to cause both metallic and semiconducting properties.
Dai, Yi-Jhe, et 戴義哲. « Conditional Sorting Local Binary Pattern Based on Gait Energy Image for Human Gait Recognition ». Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93793045511178995931.
Texte intégral淡江大學
電機工程學系碩士班
101
Biometric identification techniques allow the identification of a person according to some geometric or behavioral traits that are uniquely associated with him or her. Commonly used biometrics are face, iris, fingerprints, handwriting, pal, vena and gait. An important limitation of most contemporary biometric identification system is related to the fact that they require the cooperation of individual that is to be identified and some special capturing devices. Gait recognition is an emerging biometric technology which aims to identify individuals using their walking style. The apparent advantage of gait recognition in comparison to other biometrics is that it doesn’t require the attention or cooperation of the observed subject. This work proposes a new feature extraction method for gait representation and recognition. The new method is extended from the technique of Local Binary Pattern (LBP) by changing the sorting method of LBP according to the blend direction to create a new approach, Conditional-Sorting Local Binary Pattern (CS-LBP). We then apply the CS-LBP on GEI to derive different blend direction images and calculate the recognition ability for each blend direction image for feature selections. From the experimental result, we proposed a new feature description method which can be effectively applied in gait recognition, also has a higher recognition results than other existing literature.