Thèses sur le sujet « Concetti filtro »

Les filtres spectraux à réseaux résonants, ou GMRF (Guided-Mode Resonance Filters), sont une nouvelle génération de filtres à bande étroite et constituent une alternative très prometteuse aux filtres conventionnels multicouches Fabry-Pérot. Le pic de résonance d'un GMRF peut être très fin spectralement et de longueur d'onde de centrage accordable en fonction de l'angle d'incidence. Ces propriétés sont particulièrement importantes pour la spectroscopie. Les travaux antérieurs ont permis de mettre en œuvre une structure originale comportant deux réseaux 1D croisés. Les performances de ce filtre surpassent celles des filtres conventionnels par leur réponse spectrale subnanométrique, leur accordabilité, et leur capacité à s'affranchir de l'influence de la polarisation de l'onde incidente sous incidence oblique. Le but de ce travail est d'explorer les performances ultimes de ce type de dispositif en termes de résolution et taux de réjection, par une approche mêlant théorie, technologie et caractérisation. Nous présentons des résultats expérimentaux d'un filtre en réflexion indépendant de la polarisation, accordable sur 40 nm avec 8.3nm/° d'accordabilité, ayant une réflexion de 10-3 sur une plage de 90nm en dehors de la résonance et un facteur de qualité supérieur à 5000
Guided Mode Resonance Filters ( GMRF ) are a new generation of narrowband optical filters and are a very promising alternative to conventional multilayer Fabry-Perot filters. The resonance peak of GMRF can be spectrally extremely thin and with a centering wavelength tunable according to the angle of incidence of the light. These properties are particularly important for spectroscopy. Previous works have helped to implement an original structure with two 1D crossed gratings. The performance of this filter overpasses those of conventional filters in their spectral subnanometric response, tunability and their ability to overcome the influence of the polarization of the incident wave under oblique incidence. The aim of this work is to explore the final performances of such devices in terms of resolution and rejection rate, thanks to an approach combining theory, fabrication technology and characterization. We present experimental results of a polarization independent reflective filter, tunable over 40nm with a tunability of 8.3nm / °, having a reflection of 10-3 on a 90nm range outside the resonance and a quality factor over 5000

La mia tesi si compone di tre capitoli e analizza il concetto giapponese di MA da diverse prospettive. Nel primo capitolo, “Il concetto giapponese di MA: un vuoto a rendere”, viene introdotta la tematica. Si procede dunque alla spiegazione della presenza di caratteri cinesi nella lingua giapponese e delle ragioni del dibattito nato tra gli studiosi in merito alla sua origine. Segue una panoramica sull’applicazione del MA ai vari ambiti della vita (architettura, cerimonia del the, arti visive, teatro, sport/arti marziali, dimensione quotidiana). Nel secondo capitolo “Speech is silver, silence is golden” il silenzio viene analizzato da un punto di vista culturale. A questo proposito viene presentato lo studio dell’antropologa Takie Sugiyama Lebra che ha individuato il silenzio come sintomo di onestà, espressione dell’applicazione della discrezione sociale, indice del grado di intimità tra le persone ed infine come forma di sfida e ribellione. Nel terzo ed ultimo capitolo, “Il silenzio è una cosa che suona per chi ascolta avidamente”, il silenzio viene invece analizzato da un punto di vista linguistico. Sulla base degli studi condotti da Yamada, Shigimetsu e Hosoda, la pausa viene dunque individuata come strumento per prendere la parola, feedback, modalità per cambiare eventualmente argomento ed infine come escamotage per evitare di dire di no.

Dans le domaine du proche infrarouge et du moyen infrarouge (3-10 µm), les besoins évoluent vers une plus grande complexité des fonctions optiques et un niveau d'intégration plus élevé des systèmes. Ceci est particulièrement vrai dans un contexte spatial ou aéronautique visant à l'observation de la terre, où l'on cherche simultanément à accroître le nombre de bandes spectrales acquises et à miniaturiser les systèmes d'observation. Cela se traduit notamment par une pixellisation des filtres afin que ceux-ci soient intégrés dans une matrice réalisant plusieurs fonctions optiques. Or, les méthodes traditionnelles de fabrication de filtres optiques utilisant des empilements de couches minces n'ont pas démontré leur capacité à répondre au besoin de pixellisation dans l'infrarouge. C'est pourquoi il est nécessaire d'étudier de nouveaux concepts de filtrages issus du domaine de la photonique permettant de s'affranchir de ces limitations. Les "zero-contrast gratings" (ZCG),qui constituent une sous-catégorie des réseaux résonnants, ont démontré leur capacité à réaliser des filtres en transmission accordables de grande efficacité dans le proche-infrarouge, tout en ayant une structure très simple. Néanmoins, leur faible bande passante et leur tolérance angulaire réduite en limitent la pertinence pour des applications pixellisées dans le moyen-infrarouge. Nous présentons dans cette thèse diverses structures basées sur ce même concept de ZCG. D'une part nous introduisons des filtres 1D doublement corrugués de bande passante variant entre 1 et 200 nm, dont les tailles de pixels accessibles sont de l'ordre de 100 µm, accordables sur une bande de 200 nm. D'autre part, nous avons développé un nouveau concept de filtre, dit "ZCG TE/TM" dont le fonctionnement permet de dépasser une limitation très restrictive des ZCGs conventionnels pour le choix des matériaux. La fabricabilité de ces dispositifs a été démontrée lors d'opérations technologiques menées en salle blanche. Un premier démonstrateur de filtre 1D doublement corrugué été caractérisé optiquement
In the near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectral domains (3-10 µm), requirements and needs evolve toward more complex optical functions and highly-integrated systems. This is especially relevant in the context of space and aeronautics applications for earth observation, where the aim is to increase the number of acquired spectral bands while simultaneously reducing the device footprint. These requirements translate into a pixelization of the filters so that they can be integrated into a mosaic which also performs the spatial filtering and different spectral functions. As of today, conventional thin films filter technologies haven't been shown to achieve this goal. As a result, different filtering concepts originating from the field of photonics which could overcome these limitations must be investigated. "Zero-contrast gratings" (ZCG) are a kind of guided-mode resonance filters that have proved to implement efficient tunable transmission filters in the MIR, while having a very simple structure. Nevertheless, their narrow transmission linewidth and weak angular acceptance hinder their applicability for pixelated applications in the MIR. We present in this work several structures based on the ZCG concept. On the one hand, we have introduced doubly-corrugated 1D filters with bandwidths ranging from 1 to 200 nm, allowing for 100 µm pixel sizes and tunable over a domain of 200 nm. On the other hand, we have shown a novel filtering concept, which we called "TE/TM ZCG". This new generation of ZCG is not bound by stringent material requirements inherent to conventionnal ZCGs. Their fabrica- bility have been demonstrated through cleanroom operations. A first doubly-corrugated 1D filter has been fabricated and characterized optically

Este trabalho introduz os conceitos de controlabilidade fraca e estabilizabilidade fraca para sistemas lineares com parâmetros sujeitos a saltos Markovianos a tempo discreto. É, inicialmente, construída uma coleção de matrizes C que se assemelha às matrizes de controlabilidade de sistemas lineares deterministicos. Essa coleção de matrizes C nos permite definir um conceito de controlabilidade fraca, requerendo que elas sejam de posto completo, assim como introduzir um conceito de estabilizabilidade fraca, dual ao conceito de detetabilidade fraca encontrado na literatura de sistemas com saltos de Markov. Uma característica importante do conceito de estabilizabilidade fraca é a de generalizar o conceito de estabilizabilidade na média quadrática, anteriormente encontrado na literatura. O papel do conceito da estabilizabilidade fraca no problema de filtragem é investigado através de casos de estudo. Estes casos de estudo são desenvolvidos no contexto do filtro de Kalman com observação do parâmetro de Markov e sugerem que a estabilizabilidade fraca em conjunto com a detetabilidade na média quadrática garantem que o estimador seja estável na média quadrática.
This work introduces weak controllability and weak stabilizability concepts for discretetime Markov jump linear system. We introduce a collection of matrices C that resembles controllability matrices of deterministic linear systems. The collection of matrices C allows us to define a weak controllability concept by requiring that the matrices are full rank, as well as to introduce a weak stabilizability concept that is a dual of the weak detectability concept found in the literature of Markov jump systems. An important feature of the introduced concept is that it generalizes the previous concept of mean square stabilizability. The role that the weak stabilizability concept plays in the filtering problem is investigated via case studies. These case studies are developed in the context of Kalman filtering with observation of the Markov parameter, they suggest that weak stabilizability together with mean square stabilizability ensure that the state estimator is mean square stable.

Students at Uppsala University have for some years been given the opportunity to take courses in subjects directly, or indirectly, related to the fields of signal processing and signal analysis. According to the directors of these courses, a considerable number of students are recurringly having difficulties grasping different concepts related to this field of study. This report covers a tool that easily allows teachers to visualize and listen to different manipulations of signals, which should help students get an intuitive understanding of the subject. Features of the system include multiple kinds of analog filters, sampling with variable settings and zero-order hold reconstruction. The finished system is flexible, tunable and modifiable to the teachers every need, making it usable for a wide variety of courses involving signal processing. The system meets its requirements even though individual components’ results de- viate slightly from ideal values.
Studenter vid Uppsala Universitet har, under ett antal år, givits möjligheten att läsa kurser inom ämnen direkt, eller indirekt, relaterade till signalbehandling/signalanalys. Enligt kursansvariga för dessa kurser har en ansenlig andel av studenterna svårigheter med att förstå en del av de begrepp och fenomen som förekommer under kurserna. Denna rapport behandlar ett verktyg som ger lärare i dessa kurser möjlighet att på ett enkelt sätt visualisera och lyssna på olika manipulationer av signaler, vilket bör hjälpa studenterna bygga en intuition för ämnet. Systemets olika funktioner inkluderar flera olika typer av analoga filter, sampling med olika inställningar, och så kallad ’Zero-Order-Hold’ rekonstruktion. Det resulterande systemet är flexibelt, inställbart och modifierbart till användarens behov, vilket gör det applicerbart i flera kurser som innefattar signalbehandling/analys. Systemet möter kraven som ställs, även fast resultaten hos individuella komponenter avviker aningen från ideala värden.

Suite à l'identification de β-protéobactéries nodulantes, nous avons confirmé le statut symbiotique de ces nouveaux rhizobia. R. Taiwanensis LMG19424 a été choisi et caractérisé comme β-rhizobium modèle en vue du séquençage de son génome. Afin d'explorer davantage leur diversité, nous avons développé une méthode moléculaire d'identification des rhizobia qui s'affranchit des tests de nodulation en laboratoire. Grâce à une approche innovante par puce à ADN, utilisant comme sondes des motifs conservés de nodC et l'hybridation croisée d'une cible avec plusieurs sondes, nous avons pu détecter la présence de ce gène dans des cultures bactériennes ou des échantillons végétaux (nodules), évitant ainsi l'étape d'isolement du symbionte. L'analyse par clustering hiérarchisé des patterns d'hybridation permet également d'apporter une information phylogénétique sur le gène détecté. Cette approche originale et rapide est applicable à la détection d'autres gènes et fonctions bactériennes d'intérêt

Resumo:Esta dissertação tenta explorar e mostrar o potencial heurístico do conceito bakhtiniano de exotopia em análises que se relacionem à literatura. Para isso, analisaremos a obra O filho eterno, de Cristovão Tezza, mostrando como esse conceito pode entrar em funcionamento. Tentamos cumprir com esse objetivo tomando o cuidado de não isolar esse conceito a ponto de imaginá-lo completamente independente de todo o constructo bakhtiniano de que faz parte; por isso, ao falarmos em exotopia, colocamos também em movimento todos os outros elementos do pensamento de Bakhtin (como dialogismo, heteroglossia, vozes sociais, etc.), sobre os quais procuramos discutir. Para falar do conceito de exotopia em O filho eterno, fizemos também um balanço geral da obra de Cristovão Tezza, tentando descobrir a evolução dessa perspectiva em seus romances.

Une nouvelle méthodologie analytique basée sur la fonctionnalisation d'une interface fluide et sur la caractérisation de ses propriétés micromécaniques a été développée. Un lipide synthétique porteur d'un groupement spermine cationique, le DOGS, est étalé à l'interface air-eau pour former un film capable de capturer des molécules d'ADN. Différentes analyses, directement menées à l'interface ou après transfert de Langmuir-Blodgett, ont permis de mettre en évidence (i) l'interaction de ces molécules d'ADN ou de polynucléotides courts avec la monocouche de DOGS, (ii) l'impact de cette adsorption d'ADN sur le comportement interfacial du DOGS en monocouche. L'addition séquentielle d'oligonucléotides a permis de mener des études d'hybridation à l'interface, et d'améliorer la spécificité du système. Enfin, un nouveau protocole de caractérisation par rhéologie interfaciale a été appliqué pour la détection des variations visco-élastiques induites par l'immobilisation de polynucléotides

L'étude abordée dans cette thèse concerne la faisabilité d'un correcteur de facteur de puissance de forte puissance monophasée. En partant d'un dimensionnement d'une structure boost selon la méthode classique, l'auteur met en évidence son inadéquation à de fortes puissances. Une mise en parallèle s'impose alors pour atteindre cet objectif. L'auteur propose et développe alors le concept d'association d'unités à puissances complémentaires reparties (u. P. C. R. ). Cette solution lui permet, pour des puissances pouvant aller jusqu'à 1mw, de réaliser l'adaptation puissance-fréquence de commutation par un choix judicieux des technologies à utiliser. L'étude du comportement en commutation des différentes unités en association avec la qualité de l'onde de courant voulue est alors menée en s'appuyant sur des formulations analytiques particulièrement adaptées. La validation de cette étape est enfin obtenue par la mise en œuvre expérimentale d'un prototype de laboratoire de puissance réduite à 2kW.

RF and microwave applications represent one of the fastest-growing segments of the high performance electronics market, where ongoing innovation is critical. Manufacturers compete intensively to meet market needs with reduced cost, size, weight and many other performance criteria demands. Under this scenario, transmission lines based on metamaterial concepts can be considered a very interesting alternative to the conventional transmission lines. They are more compact (compatible with planar manufacturing processes) and present higher degrees of design flexibility. Furthermore, metamaterial transmission lines can also provide many other unique properties not achievable with ordinary transmission lines, such as dispersion or impedance engineering. Nevertheless, the impact in the industry is still not relevant, mostly due to the complexity of the related synthesis and design procedures. These procedures are mainly based on the engineer’s experience, with the help of costly full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulators and parameter extraction methods. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to simplify and speed up the synthesis and design procedures of artificial transmission lines. In particular, the lines obtained by periodically loading a conventional transmission line with electrically small resonators, such as split ring resonators (SSRs) or its complementary particle (CSRR). The design procedure is automated by using Space Mapping techniques. In contrast to other alternative methods, real synthesis is found from the circuit schematic (that provides a given target response) and without need of human intervention. Some efforts to make the method practical and useful have been carried out. Given a certain target response, it is determined whether it can be physically implemented with a chosen technology, and hence proceeding next to find the synthesis, or not. For this purpose, a two-step Aggressive Space Mapping approach is successfully proposed. In contrast to other methods, the real synthesis is found from certain target circuit values (corresponding to the equivalent circuit model that characterizes the structure to be synthesized). Different efforts have been carried out in order to implement a useful and practical method. Some of them were focused to determine if, given certain circuit parameters (which determine the target response) and certain given technology specifications (permittivity and height of the substrate, technology limits), that response is physically realizable (convergence region). This technique was successfully formulated and it is known as “Two-Step Aggressive Space Mapping Approach”. In this work, the latest improvements made till date, from the synthesis of basic unit cells until different applications and kinds of metamaterial-based circuits, are presented. The results are promising and prove the validity of the method, as well as its potential application to other basic cells and more complex designs. The general knowledge gained from these cases of study can be considered a good base for a coming implementation in commercial software tools, which can help to improve its competitiveness in markets, and also contribute to a more general use of this technology.
Rodríguez Pérez, AM. (2014). Synthesis of Planar Microwave Circuits based on Metamaterial Concepts through Aggressive Space Mapping [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/48465
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Children who do not have a positive, secure and affectionate relationship with their fathers, or whose fathers use rigid disciplinary practices, provide inadequate supervision and have infrequent or poor quality interactions with their children, are at greater risk for developing socio-emotional problems and for remaining at lower levels of academic achievement. However, the majority of fathers have little understanding of the importance of their involvement with their children. As such, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate a program designed to improve father involvement and to stimulate the use of parenting practices that foster children s pro-academic behaviors, using measures obtained before and after the intervention as well as one year later (follow-up). The specific objectives included: (a) the comparison of indicators of work conditions, personal and family wellbeing, father involvement and the parents social skills on the pre, post and follow-up tests among the Experimental Group 1 (EG1 composed of fathers who were randomly selected to participate in the intervention program), Experimental Group 2 (EG2 composed of randomly selected mothers who participated in the intervention program) and a Control Group (the remaining, waitlisted parents); (b) comparison of the academic achievement, self concept, behavior problems and social skills of their children at the time of the pre, post and follow-up tests, for those in the EG1, EG2 and CG; (c) examination of the strength of the correlations among these variables, and (d) analysis of parent evaluations of the topics that were addressed and the procedures used in the intervention program. At the times of the pre and post-tests, parent participants included 97 father-mother pairs (29 in the EG1, 34 in the EG2 and 34 in the CG) and 82 of these father-mother pairs at the time of the follow-up tests (24 in the EG1, 29 in the EG2 and 27 in the CG). At the time of the pre and post-tests, data were also obtained from 99 children (there were two sets of twins) 29 from the EG1, 36 from the EG2 and 34 from the CG. At the time of the pretest, these children were eight years old, on average, and 78,8% of them were in Grade 2 while the others were in Grade 1. At the time of the follow-up tests, 84 of these children were re-evaluated (24 from the EG1, 31 from the EG2 and 27 from the CG). In addition, in the first year of the study, 20 teachers (85% of whom had completed university studies) participated in the pre and pos-test phases and a second set of 12 teachers (all of whom had completed university studies) participated in the follow-up phase, given that the children had advanced to the next grade between the post-test and the follow-up. Data were collected with children from three different, public elementary-schools. The intervention program was conducted with the parents during 12 weekly sessions that were 90 120 minutes long, with the GE1 fathers and GE2 mothers. To address the objectives of this study: (a) the parents evaluated their work conditions, their personal and family wellbeing and their social skills repertoire; (b) both parents and their child evaluated the father s level of involvement as a parent; (c) the children s academic achievement, self concept and social skills were assessed; (d) both parents evaluated their child s behavior problems and social skills repertoire; (e) the teachers evaluated the children s academic achievement, behavior problems and social skills, and (f) the fathers from the EG1 and the mothers from the EG2 evaluated the intervention program. Statistical testes (ANOVA and MANOVA) were used to compare the data obtained in the three different phases of the study, for each of the three different types of informants (parents, children and teachers). Pearson correlations were used to examine the bivariate relationships among these variables. With respect to the first objective, comparisons of the results on the pre and post-intervention tests revealed that the fathers in the EG1 were significantly less stressed and there was a significant decrease in the number of disagreeable behaviors that their children presented; both the GE1 and GE2 fathers presented greater satisfaction with respect to their family-role performance, higher frequency of communication with their child, greater frequency of participation in school, cultural and leisure activities with their child, greater participation in school meetings concerning their child, more frequent contact with their child s teacher and listed a greater number of their child s behaviors that pleased them. In terms of the children s gains, a comparison of the pre and post-test results indicate that children in the EG1 presented: (a) higher scores on the Academic Achievement Test (AAT) with respect to the reading sub-test and their overall score, along with higher teacher evaluations of their academic performance; (b) a lower number of internalizing behavior problems (according to their fathers), externalizing and total problems (according to both parents); (c) social skills that were more adequate with respect to self control (for both self and father ratings) and self defense (according to the teachers), and (d) more positive teacher evaluations, across various indicators. Similarly, in comparison with the pre-test, on the post-test, children in the EG2 presented: (a) higher scores on the Academic Achievement Test (AAT) with respect to the reading sub-test and their overall score, along with higher teacher evaluations of their academic performance; (b) a lower number of externalizing and total problems (according to both parents); (c) social skills that were more adequate with respect to Cooperativeness and Self control (according to their fathers) Assertiveness in their coping strategies (according to their mothers), and Cooperation with peers (according to the teachers), and (d) more positive teacher evaluations, across various indicators. The majority of the gains obtained by the fathers and their children by the end of the intervention program were maintained or further improved at the time of the follow-up tests, with the exception of the children s self-evaluations of their social skills on the Self control factor, for which there was a significant decline between the post-test and follow-up test. With respect to the third objective, father involvement was significantly correlated with the children s academic performance, self concept, externalizing behavior problems and social skills, and measures involving the children were significantly inter-correlated. Finally, in general, the intervention program helped the fathers (EG1) and mothers (EG2) in bringing up their children. For example, some parents (22,2%) commented that it became easier for them to deal with the difficulties of parenting, while others (19%) were better able to handle their children s behavior problems, occurring either at home or at school. The parents attributed various important contributions to the intervention program: 27% changed their parenting behaviors, 19% were giving greater importance to their child s opinions and 15.9% commented that their child was more obedient. With respect to the parents acquisition of new social educational skills, 31.7% said that they learned about the importance of respecting their child s opinion and 30.2% said that they learned to set limits for their children. These results indicate the importance of educational interventions for maximizing parental involvement and, as a consequence, improving their children s social emotional development and classroom behavior.
Crianças que não possuem uma relação positiva, segura e afetuosa com o pai ou cujo pai usa práticas disciplinares rígidas, oferece supervisão inadequada e mantém baixa qualidade ou freqüência de interação com seu filho, possuem elevado risco de apresentar problemas no seu desenvolvimento socioemocional e de ter menor desempenho acadêmico. No entanto, a maioria dos homens tem pouco conhecimento da importância do seu envolvimento com seus filhos. Este estudo teve por objetivo principal avaliar uma intervenção que visava aprimorar o envolvimento do pai e estimular seu uso de práticas parentais favorecedoras de comportamentos próacadêmicos por parte dos filhos, comparando medidas obtidas antes e depois da intervenção e um ano depois (follow-up). Os objetivos específicos foram: (a) comparar alguns indicadores das condições de trabalho, do bem-estar pessoal e familiar, do envolvimento paterno e do repertório de habilidades sociais dos pais, nas fases do préteste, pós-teste e follow-up, entre o Grupo Experimental 1 (GE1 composto pelos pais que foram aleatoriamente selecionados para participar da intervenção), Grupo Experimental 2 (GE2 composto pelas mães que participaram da intervenção, com possibilidade de impactos indiretos sobre os pais) e o Grupo Controle (GC composto pelos demais pais interessados, mantidos num grupo de espera); (b) comparar o desempenho acadêmico, o autoconceito, os problemas de comportamento e o repertório de habilidades sociais das crianças, no pré-teste, no pós-teste e no follow-up, entre o GE1, GE2 e GC; (c) avaliar a força das correlações entre essas variáveis e (d) analisar a avaliação dos pais sobre os temas abordados e os procedimentos adotados na intervenção. Participaram deste estudo 97 pares de pais e mães (29 do GE1, 34 do GE2 e 34 do GC) no pré-teste e no pós-teste e 82 destes pares no follow-up (24 do GE1, 29 do GE2 e 27 do GC). Na época dos pré- e pós-testes, dados também foram coletados com 99 crianças, contando com dois pares de gêmeos (29 do GE1, 36 do GE2 e 34 do GC). Na época do pré-teste, estas crianças estavam com média de idade de oito anos, sendo que 78,8% estavam na 2ª série e as demais na 1ª série. Na época do follow-up, 84 destas crianças participaram novamente (24 do GE1, 31 do GE2 e 27 do GC). Além disso, no primeiro ano foram participantes desta pesquisa 20 professoras (85% com 3º grau completo), nas fases do pré-teste e pós-teste e um segundo conjunto de 12 professoras (todas com 3º grau completo) no follow-up, uma vez que as crianças haviam mudado de série entre o pós-teste e o follow-up. A coleta de dados ocorreu com crianças de três escolas públicas de ensino básico. Realizou-se a intervenção com os pais em 12 sessões, com encontros semanais de 90 a 120 minutos de duração, participando os pais do GE1 e as mães do GE2. Para responder aos objetivos: (a) os pais avaliaram suas condições de trabalho, seu bem-estar pessoal e familiar e seu repertório de habilidades sociais; (b) ambos os pais e seu filho avaliaram o grau de envolvimento paterno por parte dos pais; (c) as crianças foram avaliadas em relação ao seu desempenho acadêmico, autoconceito e repertório de habilidades sociais; (d) ambos os pais avaliaram os problemas de comportamento e o repertório de habilidades sociais de seus filhos; (e) as professoras avaliaram o desempenho acadêmico, os problemas de comportamento e o repertório de habilidades sociais das crianças e (f) os pais do GE1 e as mães do GE2 avaliaram o programa de intervenção. Para comparar os dados obtidos nos três momentos do estudo, para cada um dos três tipos de informantes (os pais, as crianças e as professoras), foram utilizados testes estatísticos (ANOVA, MANOVA); para verificar as relações bivariadas entre estas variáveis, usou-se correlações de Pearson. Em relação ao primeiro objetivo, ao comparar os resultados dos pré e póstestes, verificou-se que os pais do GE1 tiveram uma diminuição no nível de estresse e apontaram um menor número de comportamentos do filho que os desagradavam; os pais do GE1 e do GE2 apresentaram maior satisfação quanto ao desempenho no papel familiar, maior freqüência de comunicação com o filho, maior freqüência de participação nas atividades escolares, culturais e de lazer do filho, maior participação nas reuniões escolares do filho, maior freqüência de contato com a professora do filho e listaram um maior número de comportamentos do filho que os agradavam. No que diz respeito aos ganhos obtidos pelas crianças, ao comparar os resultados entre o pré e pósteste, verifica-se que as crianças do GE1 apresentaram: (a) melhores resultados no Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) em relação ao sub-teste de leitura e à pontuação total, junto com avaliações melhores do seu desempenho acadêmico, por parte das professoras; (b) menor índice de problemas de comportamento internalizantes (segundo os pais, mas não as mães), externalizantes e total (segundo ambos os pais); (c) um repertório de habilidades sociais mais adequados em termos de Autocontrole (segundo as crianças e os pais) e Autodefesa (segundo as professoras) e (d) avaliações mais positivas por parte das professoras, em vários indicadores. De forma parecida, em comparação com o pré-teste, no pós-teste, as crianças do GE2 apresentaram: (a) melhores resultados no Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) em relação ao sub-teste de leitura e à pontuação total, junto com avaliações melhores do seu desempenho acadêmico, por parte das professoras; (b) menor índice de problemas de comportamento externalizantes e total (segundo ambos os pais); (c) um repertório de habilidades sociais mais adequados em termos de Cooperação e Autocontrole (segundo os pais), Asserção de enfrentamento (segundo as mães) e Cooperação com pares (segundo as professoras) e (d) avaliações mais positivas por parte das professoras, em vários indicadores. A maioria dos ganhos adquiridos pelos pais e pelas crianças, após o programa de intervenção, se mantiveram ou aumentaram mais ainda na fase de follow-up, com exceção da avaliação das crianças, quanto ao próprio repertório de habilidades sociais, no fator Autocontrole, em que houve uma queda significativa de repertório entre as fases de pós-teste e follow-up. Respondendo ao terceiro objetivo, o envolvimento paterno estava significativamente correlacionado com o desempenho acadêmico, o autoconceito, os problemas de comportamento externalizantes e o repertório de habilidades sociais das crianças e as medidas envolvendo as crianças estavam correlacionadas entre si. Por fim, de modo geral, o programa de intervenção ajudou os pais (GE1) e as mães (GE2) na educação dos filhos. Por exemplo, alguns (22,2%) comentaram que passaram a tratar com mais facilidade os problemas enfrentados na educação dos filhos e outros (19%) estavam lidando melhor com os problemas de comportamento dos filhos, ocorrendo em casa ou na escola. Os pais atribuíram várias contribuições importantes ao grupo de intervenção: 27% deles mudaram a maneira de educar o filho, 19% passaram a respeitar mais as opiniões do filho e 15,9% apontaram que o filho estava sendo mais obediente. Quanto ao aprendizado de novas habilidades socioeducativas, 31,7% comentaram que aprenderam a importância de respeitar a opinião do filho e 30,2% que aprenderam a impor limites aos seus filhos. Esses dados mostram a importância de realizar intervenções educativas para maximizar o envolvimento parental e, conseqüentemente, melhorar o desenvolvimento socioemocional e comportamento dos alunos em sala de aula.

Le but de l'animation en synthese d'images est de definir des concepts et des outils pour permettre a l'utilisateur de produire des sequences animees. Les travaux que nous presentons s'inscrivent dans le domaine de la problematique liee a la definition des mouvements des objets mis en scene. L'etude que nous avons realisee porte sur un modele de haut niveau. Les objectifs qui ont guides cette recherche sont la conception et la realisation d'un systeme capable d'animer un nombre important d'objets et de prendre en compte les interactions qu'ils subissent. Nous introduisons pour cela le concept de personnage auquel nous associons un comportement. Un personnage est un objet autonome, actif dont l'evolution dans le temps est le produit de l'evaluation de son comportement en fonction de la connaissance qu'il possede sur son environnement local. Nous decomposons l'ensemble des personnages en trois sous-classes (les personnages acomportementaux, reflexes et intelligents) selon le niveau de comportement qui leur est associe. Les personnages peuvent n'etre soumis seulement aux lois de la physique, reagir automatiquement a des situations simples ou utiliser un raisonnement, fonde sur des regles et un moteur d'inference (comme en prolog) pour analyser la situation dans laquelle ils se trouvent pour decider des actions a realiser. Dans les deux derniers cas, ils utilisent un ensemble de capteurs qui leur permettent d'acquerir des informations sur l'environnement et de determiner la situation presente. Nous introduisons le concept de capteur bati sur un mecanisme actif d'interrogation. Nous presentons aussi des solutions dans le domaine de la coherence d'animation. Plus particulierement, nous introduisons une nouvelle approche pour l'echantillonnage de la dimension temporelle. Grace au systeme realise en langage eiffel sur stations de travail unix dans le cadre de cette these, nous avons produit les sequences animees

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
Os sistemas modernos de comunica??es demandam dispositivos com elevado desempenho de opera??o. Para o atendimento dessa demanda, torna-se essencial o desenvolvimento de novos dispositivos que sejam leves, de baixo custo, que apresentem facilidade de constru??o e capacidade de integra??o com outros circuitos que integram o sistema por completo. Desta forma, novas configura??es de circuitos integrados de micro-ondas atraem cada vez mais a aten??o dos pesquisadores, pelo bom desempenho na integra??o e prototipagem de sistemas de transmiss?o e recep??o de sinais sem fio. Este trabalho prop?e e detalha a aplica??o de uma t?cnica num?rica, constitu?da por uma formula??o de onda completa, baseada no conceito de ondas eletromagn?ticas e no princ?pio da reflex?o e transmiss?o de ondas na interface do circuito: Wave Concept Iterative Procedurte (WCIP). O m?todo Wave Concept Iterative Procedure (WCIP), ou m?todo iterativo das ondas ? apresentado como uma ferramenta com alto grau de precis?o no estudo de circuitos planares de micro-ondas. S?o propostas novas configura??es de estruturas de antenas, filtros e superf?cies seletivas de frequ?ncia. Para antenas, s?o apresentadas antenas com patch fractal aleat?rio, nas configura??es tradicionais e como monopolo. S?o realizadas an?lise da resposta em frequ?ncia dessas antenas impressas em diferentes substrato diel?tricos, dentre eles materiais t?xteis. Foram obtidos e discutidos resultados para frequ?ncia de resson?ncia, largura de banda, perda de retorno e diagrama de radia??o. Foram investigadas duas configura??es de filtros planares. Suas s?nteses e caracteriza??o da resposta em frequ?ncia foram apresentadas e realizadas por meio da aplica??o do m?todo WCIP. S?o mostrados os resultados para sua resposta em frequ?ncia. Nesta tese, s?o analisadas diferentes configura??es de FSS, tais como: FSS com elementos fractais, recongur?veis e FSS baseadas em arranjos n?o uniformes de elementos. Alguns prot?tipos dos dispositivos propostos foram constru?dos e os resultados experimentais comprovaram o modelo matem?tico apresentado. Os resultados obtidos tamb?m foram comparados com os resultados simulados pelo Ansoft HFSS, tendo sido observada uma boa concord?ncia entre eles.
The modern communications systems require devices with high operating performance. For the supply of this demand, it is essential to develop new devices that are lightweight, low cost, showing ease of construction and ability to integrate with other circuits that make up the system completely. Thus, new configurations of integrated microwave circuits increasingly attract the attention of researchers, the good performance in the integration and prototyping of transmitting and receiving wireless signals systems. This paper proposes and details the application of a numerical technique, consisting of a full-wave formulation, based on the concept of electromagnetic waves and the principle of reflection and wave transmission circuit in the interface: Wave Concept Iterative Procedure (WCIP). The method Wave Concept Iterative Procedure (WCIP) or waves iterative method is presented as a tool with high precision in planar circuits study microwave. New configurations are proposed antenna structures, filters, and frequency selective surfaces. For antennas, antennas are presented with random fractal patch in traditional settings and how monopole, response analysis are performed in frequency of such printed antennas in different dielectric substrate, including textiles. Results for resonance frequency, bandwidth, return loss and radiation pattern were obtained and discussed. Two planar filter settings were presented. Their synthesis and characterization of the frequency response were presented and carried out by applying the method WCIP. Results for its frequency response are shown. FSS different settings are presented in this thesis, such as: FSS with fractal elements, recongur?veis and FSS based on non-uniform arrangement of elements. Some prototypes of the devices proposed in this thesis were built and the experimental results showed the mathematical model presented. The results were also compared with the Ansoft HFSS simulation results, it was observed a good correlation between them.
2019-06-21

Kontextmedvetenhet kan användas i turistguide applikationer för att bidra användare med information och tjänster. Majoriteten av turistguide applikationer utvecklas vanligtvis för utbildnings eller historiska ändamål. Den här studien presenterar en konceptvalidering av den opublicerade ljuvandrings applikationen "SoundTracker", i syfte att förbättra den. Den nya "SoundTracker" prototypen inriktar sig inte på utbildnings eller historiska ändamål, utan den är inriktad på inspelning, uppspelning, och delning av personliga ljudvandringar med vänner och familj. Konceptvalideringen är begränsad av de definierade forskningsfrågorna i den här uppsatsen. Det handlar i korta drag om en förbättring av noggranheten på de inlästa GPS koordinaterna från en användares position, för att förse användaren med en trevlig användarupplevelse. Dessutom är grafiska användargränssnittet av den originala prototypen förbättrat, och testat genom webb enkäter. Vad gäller delnings funktionaliteten, en test applikation är skapad för att hitta essentiella aspekter som behöver tas hänsyn till i den nya "SoundTracker" prototypen när en användare vill dela ett ljudspår med vänner och familj. Test applikationen testas baserat på samlade svar genom en semi strukturerad interview på människor i åldersgruppen 20-30 år.De erhållna resultaten indikerar på att genom användning av Kalman filter, förbättras noggrannheten på användarens position, vilket resulterar i en ljudvandring med mindre avvikelser jämfört med en GPS-sensor. Vad gäller det förbättrade grafiska användargränssnittet, det var enklare för användarna att förstå den förbättrade prototypen såväl som navigera igenom den, än fallet med den originala prototypen. Användarna finner det även intressant när en delningsfunktion implementeras med designen som diskuteras i det här arbetet.
Context-awareness can be used in tour guide applications in order to provide users with information and services. The majority of tour guide applications are usually developed for educational or historical review purposes. This paper presents a proof-of-concept of the unpublished audio tour guide application, “SoundTracker”, with the aim of improving it. The new “SoundTracker” prototype does not aim for educational or historical review purposes, instead it is aimed for recording, listening and sharing personal audio tour guides with friends and family. The proof-of-concept is limited by the defined research questions found in this paper. In summary, the accuracy of the read-in GPS coordinates of a user’s position is enhanced with Kalman filter, to give an enjoyable user experience. Additionally, the graphical user interface of the original prototype is improved and tested through web-surveys. As for the sharing functionality, a test application is created in order to find what necessary aspects need to be considered in the new "SoundTracker" prototype when a user wants to share a sound-walk with friends and family. The test application is tested based on responses obtained through a semi-structured interview from people in the age of 20-30 years.The obtained results indicate that, with use of Kalman filter, the location accuracy of the user is enhanced, which results in a sound-walk with less deviations compared to location accuracy of only GPS-sensor. Regarding the improved graphical user interface, users found the new "SoundTracker" prototype easier to understand, as well as to navigate through it, than the case in the original prototype. Users also find it interesting when a sharing function is implemented with the design that is discussed in this work.

Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire, a été dans un premier temps de formuler une nouvelle méthode itérative basée sur le concept d'onde (la FWCIP) pour modéliser tout type de dispositifs micro-ondes planaires sans aucune contrainte géométrique, puis à l'améliorer au fur et à mesure que les difficultés sont survenues. L'objectif de cette méthode est de déterminer une relation simple et efficace permettant de mettre en relation les ondes incidentes et réfléchies dans les différents milieux environnant la discontinuité en exprimant la réflexion dans le domaine modal et la diffraction, définie à partir des conditions aux limites et de continuité, dans le domaine spatial. Le processus itératif s'appuie sur la transformée de Fourier rapide en modes (FFTM) pour passer rapidement d'un domaine à l'autre et pour s'affranchir des fonctions d'essai. En sus, la FFTM permet de diminuer considérablement le temps de calcul. L'algorithme de la moyenne mobile a été appliqué à la méthode afin d'accroître les performances de celle-ci, en permettant l'accélération de la convergence de l'impédance vue par la source. Ce simulateur, après quelques comparaisons avec la littérature, se prête aussi bien à l'étude de structures en guide d'ondes classique (iris), des structures microrubans (antennes, coupleurs), qu'à des dispositifs coplanaires (filtres) en simple ou multicouches. Ensuite, la formulation de la méthode a été révisée pour permettre l'analyse de structures imprimées sur des matériaux artificiels réalisés soit à partir de plots métalliques (via-holes) disposés périodiquement dans le substrat diélectrique d'un circuit microruban ou à partir de gravures périodiques dans le plan de masse d'une ligne microruban. La FWCIP combinée avec la méthode des éléments de frontière a permis de définir les principales caractéristiques des filtres à gap photonique. Pour terminer, une étude comparative a été faite entre la simulation et les mesures.

The automation revolution already helps in many tasks that are now performed by robots.  Increases in the complexity of problems regarding robot manipulators require new approaches or alternatives in order to solve them. This project comprises a research in different available software for implementing easy and fast visual servoing tasks controlling a robot manipulator. It focuses on out-of-the-box solutions. Then, the tools found are applied to implement a solution for controlling an arm from Universal Robots. The task is to follow a moving object on a plane with the robot manipulator. The research compares the most popular software, the state-of-the-art alternatives, especially in computer vision and also robot control. The implementation aims to be a proof of concept of a system divided by each functionality (computer vision, path generation and robot control) in order to allow software modularity and exchangeability. The results show various options for each system to take into consideration. The implementation is successfully completed, showing the efficiency of the alternatives examined. The chosen software is MATLAB and Simulink for computer vision and trajectory calculation interfacing with Robotic Operating System (ROS). ROS is used for controlling a UR3 arm using ros_control and ur_modern_driver packages.  Both the research and the implementation present a first approach for further applications and understanding over the current technologies for visual servoing tasks. These alternatives offer different easy, fast, and flexible methods to confront complex computer vision and robot control problems.

碩士
國立交通大學
電機與控制工程系
90
Fundamental concepts, analysis and implementations of MEMS based band-pass filter are presented and discussed in this dissertation. Fundamental characteristics of MEMS structures can be obtained via existing finite element simulation software, however computing time and requirements of computing resources grow significantly when the geometries of MEMS devices become complex and tidious. Theories obtained in structure dynamics are used to observe the behaviors of MEMS filter. Assumed mode method is used to predict natural frequencies of MEMS structures that is presented in this dissertation. Equivalent mechanical and circuit model are used to describe the MEMS filter, frequency response of MEMS filter can be obtained with the aids of these two equivalent models. Note that, the proposed design methodology is more efficient than the Harmonic Analysis in finite element methods. Measurements of prototype MEMS filter fabricated by MUMPs process are used to compare with simulated frequency responses.

Current-mode circuits have become very important in the design of high-speed analog integrated circuits that are highly linear and possess a wide dynamic-range. Efficient design of current-mode (CM) filters is still a major challenge to the designer. Considerable researcher efforts have been made for the realization of current-mode filters from the existing voltage-mode (VM) filters. In 1971, Bhattacharyya and Swamy introduced the principle of network transposition, which has led to a very efficient way to convert a voltage-mode circuit to a current-mode circuit with the same transfer function, and with a one-to-one correspondence between the elements of the two circuits. In this thesis, using the concepts of the transposed networks, and the nullator-norator representation for active devices, it is shown that a voltage-mode filter implemented using an operational amplifier (OA) can be very easily converted to a current-mode filter using the same OA, when the OA is configured as a three-terminal element. The effects of the finite gain bandwidth of the OA on the CM and VM filters are studied. If the OA is configured as a four-terminal device in a voltage-mode filter, it is shown that the corresponding current-mode filter can be implemented using an operational floating amplifier (OFA), which is a practical realization of a four-terminal nullor. The theoretical analysis about the proposed method is verified by using simulation results as well as by practical experiment using discrete components, such as resistors, capacitors and LM741 (OA) devices. Finally, an OFA is designed and laid out using 0.18 om CMOS technology to validate the design of a current-mode filter using the OFA as the four-terminal nullor. Simulations as well as the experimental results show very good agreement with the theoretical analysis.

碩士
國立成功大學
資訊工程學系碩博士班
94
Abstract An　efficient image sequence-based point tracker with multiresolution concept and conditional linear filter (CLF) is proposed in this paper. Two common problems in literature on image sequence-based point tracking are discussed in this paper. The first problem is that the tracker may fail when the tracking point moves too large. As for the second one, the tracked target may vanish when the occlusion occurs. To improve these drawbacks, the Gaussian pyramid-based multiresolution concept and the conditional linear filter are utilized in this paper, so that the proposed tracker is robust to a larger motion. Thus, it is able to track the target point when a number of frames are skipped. Besides, the polynomial interpolation is proposed to get a whole tracking trajectory, so that it works well for the tracking when the occlusion occurs and significantly improves the execution time. Experimental results reveal the proposed approach yields a satisfied tracking performance and efficiency.

碩士
國立中正大學
資訊工程研究所
87
In this thesis, we propose a new idea to construct a concept map as our cerebral cortex. It is like a circumstance that when our brain receive one input signal, it will trigger relative reactions to make our cerebral cortex self-organize to memorize the feature. In the image restoration field, we implement the idea to be such intelligent image filters that are called Neuro-Fuzzy concept map (NFSOM) filters based on the Self-Organizing Map concept and fuzzy technique. As we know, conventional neural network filters spend a lot of time for training the network configuration to achieve better filtering performance, but NFSOM filters do not. Our Concept Map will complete building while finish inputting training patterns. Another important issue is robustness of the filters. It has been proved that RCRS filters are the best selective filters but their robust ability is too poor to be general purposed filters. From our experiment results will reveal that NFSOM filters have good robustness. Finally, we implement our filters by Java/CORBA technique to make our application be client/server versions. The main advantages are let the high-end server to be responsible for the heavy computing load and make our filters' filtering algorithm visible in web environment.

In this dissertation a novel alternative system concept for monocular-inertial egomotion and landmark position determination is introduced. It is mainly motivated by an in-depth analysis of the observability and consistency of the classic simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) approach, which is based on a world-centric model of an agent and its environment. Within the novel system concept - a body-centric agent and environment model, - a pseudo-world centric motion propagation, - and closed-form initialization procedures are introduced. This approach allows for combining the advantageous observability properties of body-centric modeling and the advantageous motion propagation properties of world-centric modeling. A consistency focused and simulation based evaluation demonstrates the capabilities as well as the limitations of the proposed concept.
In dieser Dissertation wird ein neuartiges, alternatives Systemkonzept für die monokular-inertiale Eigenbewegungs- und Landmarkenpositionserfassung vorgestellt. Dieses Systemkonzept ist maßgeblich motiviert durch eine detaillierte Analyse der Beobachtbarkeits- und Konsistenzeigenschaften des klassischen Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), welches auf einer weltzentrischen Modellierung eines Agenten und seiner Umgebung basiert. Innerhalb des neuen Systemkonzeptes werden - eine körperzentrische Modellierung des Agenten und seiner Umgebung, - eine pseudo-weltzentrische Bewegungspropagation, - und geschlossene Initialisierungsprozeduren eingeführt. Dieser Ansatz erlaubt es, die günstigen Beobachtbarkeitseigenschaften körperzentrischer Modellierung und die günstigen Propagationseigenschaften weltzentrischer Modellierung zu kombinieren. Sowohl die Fähigkeiten als auch die Limitierungen dieses Ansatzes werden abschließend mit Hilfe von Simulationen und einem starken Fokus auf Schätzkonsistenz demonstriert.