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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Conceptual Structures Merge"
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Armelles, Gaspar, et Alfonso Cebollada. « Active photonic platforms for the mid-infrared to the THz regime using spintronic structures ». Nanophotonics 9, no 9 (13 juillet 2020) : 2709–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0250.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractSpintronics and Photonics constitute separately two disciplines of huge scientific and technological impact. Exploring their conceptual and practical overlap offers vast possibilities of research and a clear scope for the corresponding communities to merge and consider innovative ideas taking advantage of each other’s potentials. As an example, here we review the magnetic field modification of the optical response of photonic systems fabricated out of spintronic materials, or in which spintronic components are incorporated. This magnetic actuation is due to the Magneto Refractive Effect (MRE), which accounts for the change in the optical constants of a spintronic system due to the magnetic field induced modification of the electrical resistivity. Due to the direct implication of conduction electrons in this phenomenon, this change in the optical constants covers from the mid-infrared to the THz regime. After introducing the non-expert reader into the spintronic concepts relevant to this work, we then present the MRE exhibited by a variety of spintronic systems, and finally show the different applications of this property in the generation of active spintronic-photonic platforms.
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Lee, Cheonjae, Walter Timo de Vries et Uchendu Eugene Chigbu. « Land Governance Re-Arrangements : The One-Country One-System (OCOS) versus One-Country Two-System (OCTS) Approach ». Administrative Sciences 9, no 1 (6 mars 2019) : 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci9010021.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper evaluates how land governance is re-arranged in a state re-structuring process. We compare the cases of the (re-)unification of China with Hong Kong with that of West and East Germany. The division and (re-)unification of these states mark different land governance re-arrangements. The China-Hong Kong (re-)unification relied on a one-country two-system (OCTS) approach, while in West and East Germany, (re-)unification resulted in the creation of a one-country one-system (OCOS). Our key interest is to identify similarities and differences in both cases and the implications of the differences. To support the analysis, we view land governance and (re-)unification from theoretical to practical lenses—structuration theory and the government tools-based approach. This supports the construction of a conceptual and analytical framework, with which we conduct an in-depth exploration to evaluate land governance re-arrangements. We find that the conceptual and analytical framework proves effective for countries, with entirely different land governance regimes, to decide whether to merge or adapt. We do not conclude which approaches for (re-)unification are appropriate to land governance re-arrangements since all countries have different historical contexts and institutional arrangements. Instead, we recommend that governments consider adaptive land governance in signification structures and focus on hierarchical enforcement in legitimation structures. While multi-level land governance in the domination structure phase is strongly required, issue-and-project-based land governance has a pivotal role in providing cross-boundary infrastructures. Nevertheless, further empirical analysis is recommended to verify how and where the re-arrangement processes are initiated and structured.
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Tirdad, Shiva, Erwan Gloaguen, Abderezzak Bouchedda et J. Christian Dupuis. « Three-dimensional stochastic assimilation of gravity data in Lalor volcanogenic massive sulphide, Manitoba, Canada ». Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 56, no 5 (mai 2019) : 556–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2018-0166.
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We propose a new numerical workflow based on stochastic data integration where we merge a conceptual geological model, drillhole geophysical and geological logs, and surface geophysical data to compute a unified numerical model of a volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit. The first step of the workflow consists in building a three-dimensional (3D) numerical conceptual model of the geology. This conceptual model, as well as geological logs, is then used to generate multiple equiprobable scenarios of the geology by means of multiple-point simulation (MPS). The MPS method studies high-order statistics in the space of a numerical conceptual model, making it possible to reproduce complex geological structures. We then use conventional conditional sequential Gaussian simulation, which is a method based on a node-by-node sequential process, to stochastically populate the geological grid with densities. For this purpose we use available density logs to simulate multiple equiprobable spatial distributions of the density at high spatial resolution within each geological unit separately. The stochastic high-resolution density models are iteratively combined by the gradual deformation method to minimize the difference between measured Bouguer anomaly data and the data computed on the combined realizations of density. Application of the proposed method to the Lalor deposit, a VMS deposit in Manitoba, Canada, produces a density model that honours the geology of the deposit and the Bouguer anomaly data. This unified model has the advantage to include all the available information (geological and density logs and surface geophysics) at scales appropriate for mining applications.
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Piochi, Monica, Angela Mormone, Harald Strauss et Giuseppina Balassone. « The acid sulfate zone and the mineral alteration styles of the Roman Puteoli (Neapolitan area, Italy) : clues on fluid fracturing progression at the Campi Flegrei volcano ». Solid Earth 10, no 6 (30 octobre 2019) : 1809–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1809-2019.
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Abstract. Active fumarolic solfataric zones represent important structures of dormant volcanoes, but unlike emitted fluids, their mineralizations are omitted in the usual monitoring activity. This is the case of the Campi Flegrei caldera in Italy, among the most hazardous and best-monitored explosive volcanoes in the world, where the landscape of Puteoli is characterized by an acid sulfate alteration that has been active at least since Roman time. This paper provides temperature, mineralogical, textural, compositional and stable isotope data for those solfataric terrains sampled at the crater and Pisciarelli slope of the Solfatara volcano between 2013 and 2019. Temperatures vary between 40 and 95 ∘C. Minerals include alunite with grain sizes generally larger than 20 µm, alunogen, native sulfur, well-ordered kaolinite, and, common at Pisciarelli, pyrite, illite and NH4 sulfates. Sulfate terrains have higher contents of Ti, Ba, Au, As, Hg and Tl relative to their parent substrate. The Pisciarelli slope is anomalous in terms of the presence of NH4. δ34S values for sulfides and native S range between −3.00 ‰ and 0.49 ‰ and from −4.42 ‰ to 0.80 ‰, respectively. Sulfates show δ34S and δ18O values in the range of −2.78 ‰ to 2.09 ‰ and between 4.60 ‰ and 31.33 ‰, respectively. The style of mineralization and the stable isotope geochemistry do produce complex and not completely consistent classifications and genetic constraints. We merge our data with volcanological information, data from exploration drillings and geophysical results. With the conceptual model, we suggest a series of shallow and deep aquifers interconnected like “communicating vessels” through a main fault system that downthrows Solfatara with respect to Pisciarelli. Fluid outflow from the different discrete aquifers hosted in sediments – and possibly bearing organic imprints – is the main dataset that allows determination of the steam-heated environment with a supergene setting superimposed. Supergene conditions and high-sulfidation relicts, together with the narrow sulfate alteration zone buried under the youngest volcanic deposits, point to the existence of an evolving paleo-conduit. The data will contribute to monitoring and evaluating the volcanic hazards.
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As, Imdat, Siddharth Pal et Prithwish Basu. « Artificial intelligence in architecture : Generating conceptual design via deep learning ». International Journal of Architectural Computing 16, no 4 (28 novembre 2018) : 306–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1478077118800982.
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Artificial intelligence, and in particular machine learning, is a fast-emerging field. Research on artificial intelligence focuses mainly on image-, text- and voice-based applications, leading to breakthrough developments in self-driving cars, voice recognition algorithms and recommendation systems. In this article, we present the research of an alternative graph-based machine learning system that deals with three-dimensional space, which is more structured and combinatorial than images, text or voice. Specifically, we present a function-driven deep learning approach to generate conceptual design. We trained and used deep neural networks to evaluate existing designs encoded as graphs, extract significant building blocks as subgraphs and merge them into new compositions. Finally, we explored the application of generative adversarial networks to generate entirely new and unique designs.
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Martynyuk, Alla, et Olga Meleshchenko. « Socio-pragmatic potential of (verbo)-visual metaphtonymy in Internet memes featuring Donald Trump ». Metaphor and the Social World 12, no 1 (13 décembre 2021) : 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/msw.20010.mar.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract The present study explores (verbo)-visual metaphtonymy in Twitter-based Internet memes featuring Donald Trump, focusing both on the patterns of conceptual interaction of metaphor and metonymy and their socio-pragmatic potential to influence Internet users. The results of the study reveal four types of (verbo)-visual metaphtonymy employed in the analyzed Internet memes. The types are differentiated in accordance with the complexity of the metaphoric source: metaphtonymy with a simple metaphoric source, metaphtonymy with a metaphoric source structured by simple metonymy, metaphtonymy with a metaphoric source structured by metonymic chain, and metaphtonymy with a metaphoric source structured by radial metonymy. In all the four types, the metaphoric target is structured by metonymic amalgam – a metonymic complex in which metonymies that are based on different ICMs merge due to the association of contiguity that is relevant in the current communicative and social/political context. Besides metonymic amalgam, the study introduces the notion of radial metonymy – a metonymic complex that emerges when one metonymic source gives access to several metonymic targets. We argue that the analyzed metaphtonymies rest on conceptual incongruity created to trigger negative evaluative inferences and emotional responses to shape Trump’s image.
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JAOUA, ALI, MOHAMED SALAH, SADOK BEN YAHIA et JIHAD M. AL-JA'AM. « USING FRINGES FOR MINIMAL CONCEPTUAL DECOMPOSITION OF BINARY CONTEXTS ». New Mathematics and Natural Computation 08, no 03 (13 septembre 2012) : 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793005712500093.
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Extracting knowledge from huge data in a reasonable time is still a challenging problem. Most real data (structured or not) can be mapped to an equivalent binary context, with or without using a scaling method, as for extracting associations between words in a text, or in machine learning systems. In this paper, our objective is to find a minimal coverage of a relation [Formula: see text] with formal concepts. The problem is known to be NP-complete.1 In this paper, we exploit a particular difunctional relation embedded in any binary relation [Formula: see text], the fringe of [Formula: see text], to find an approximate conceptual coverage of [Formula: see text]. We use formal properties of fringes to find better algorithms calculating the minimal rectangular coverage of binary relation. Here, a formal context is considered as a binary relation. By exploiting some background on relational algebra in the present work, we merge some results of Belohlavek and Vichodyl,2 using formal concept analysis with previous results obtained by Kcherif et al.3 using relational algebra. We finally propose decomposition algorithms based on the relational formalization and fringe relations.
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Yen, Gili, et Nelson N. H. Liao. « On Acculturation in Business Mergers : Empirical Findings from a Commercial Bank's Opinion Survey in Taiwan ». Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 06, no 02 (juin 2003) : 141–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091503001079.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The present paper introduces a conceptual framework, followed by implementation of a structured company-wide questionnaire to examine empirically the issue of acculturation in business merger. Employees working at the acquiring firm grouped either as employees working at the headquarter or as employees working at the existing branches, when compared with their counterparts working at the newly established branch (formerly, the acquired firm), differ along various organizational cultural constructs which in turn lead to statistically significant differences in employees' working attitudes. Based on the above empirical findings, the authors therefore conclude that acculturation in business merger deserves serious attention.
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Riosvelasco-Monroy, Georgina Elizabeth, Iván Juan Carlos Pérez-Olguín, Luis Asunción Pérez-Domínguez, Luis Carlos Méndez-González et Salvador Noriega-Morales. « Application of the COHRV Conceptual Framework to Enhance Sustainable Manufacturing ». Sustainability 14, no 24 (14 décembre 2022) : 16804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416804.
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For the implementation of Industry 4.0 –I4.0-, companies need the commitment of several departments, knowledge and technology within data management, cyber physical systems, and Internet of Things, among other pillars of I4.0. This industrial revolution—I4.0—offers opportunities for the development of competitive advantages, new market positions within a supply chain, new product design and processes, and manufacturing sustainability. Regardless of such benefits, for small and mid-size enterprises (SMEs) it represents a challenge, because they lack specific capabilities, qualified human resources, and technological and/or financial support. The challenges for SMEs from industrial sectors can be dealt with by means of strategic joint ventures, known as horizontal collaboration. Seen as the new vertical collaboration, horizontal collaboration offers a way for enterprises to combine their strengths in order to gain competitive advantages and develop new market opportunities. This paper presents the Resources and Value Horizontal Collaboration Model, “COHRV”, for its acronym in Spanish, structured as a guide to merge enterprises’ strengths such as knowledge transfer, qualified human resources, technology, and more. The COHRV model was designed as a disruptive business model, presenting a new perspective for horizontal collaboration projects between SMEs. To show the effective applicability of the COHRV model, data obtained from nine SMEs in a previous case study were used. The objective was to observe how the COHRV model works as a framework to create new strategies for SMEs, to work on a sustainable manufacturing venture.
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Ferreira Dias, João. « The Making of Religion ». Journal of Religion in Africa 52, no 3-4 (7 septembre 2022) : 374–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12340235.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract This essay aims to focus on the concept of religion and its conceptual implications in the observation of African religions, taking the Yorùbá and Candomblé religious attitudes and beliefs as case studies. I intend to trace a new itinerary in the conceptualization of African religious experiences, using native structures as the setting for theory. I point out that African-Yorùbá religious experience is deeply merged with ritual practice – religion is made – and tied to a sense of origins and duties that must be fulfilled. In that vein, I present alternative categories to the classic ones of monotheism, polytheism, and pantheon.
Thèses sur le sujet "Conceptual Structures Merge"
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Leutwyler, Nicolás. « Flexible and Scalable methods for Formal Concept Analysis in Distributed Architectures ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0112.
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Cette thèse explore l'adaptation de l'Analyse Formelle de Concepts (AFC) pour relever les défis posés par les environnements de données distribués et dynamiques. Cette recherche répond à la nécessité de techniques de fouille de données efficaces dans le contexte de l'Industrie 4.0 et de l'Internet des Objets (IoT), où la génération de données est vaste et continue. Les objectifs principaux incluent le développement de méthodes scalables et flexibles pour éviter la perte de concepts significatifs lors de la construction de réticulé de concepts, la proposition d'algorithmes incrémentaux adaptés aux flux de données en temps réel, et la démonstration des applications pratiques de ces méthodes. La thèse commence par une revue exhaustive de l'état de l'art, définissant les concepts clés de la représentation des connaissances, de la scalabilité et de l'AFC, en soulignant les défis inhérents à la gestion de grands ensembles de données et la nécessité de techniques de fouille de données efficaces. Une revue systématique de la littérature identifie les lacunes des méthodes d'AFC existantes, particulièrement celles applicables aux architectures distribuées, mettant en évidence la nécessité de nouvelles approches pour gérer la croissance exponentielle des concepts formels et la nature dynamique des flux de données. La thèse introduit des algorithmes novateurs pour la fusion des réticulés afin de récupérer des concepts potentiellement perdus et des méthodes incrémentales pour la construction de réticulé de concepts. Ces algorithmes, conçus pour des exécutions mono-thread et parallélisées, améliorent leur scalabilité et flexibilité. Des cas pratiques, comme un système de recommandation pour l'École de Ski Française, démontrent les avantages réels des méthodes proposées. Des évaluations empiriques utilisant des ensembles de données synthétiques et réels valident la performance de ces méthodes, montrant des améliorations significatives dans la gestion de données larges et distribuées. La thèse conclut en résumant les contributions et en suggérant des directions pour de futures recherches afin de renforcer les capacités de l'AFC dans les environnements distribuésThis thesis explores adapting Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) to tackle challenges in distributed and dynamic data environments. This research addresses the need for efficient data mining techniques in Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things (IoT), where data is vast and continuous. The primary goals include developing scalable, flexible methods to prevent the loss of significant concepts during concept lattice construction, proposing incremental algorithms for real-time data streams, and demonstrating practical applications of these methods. The thesis starts with a comprehensive review of current knowledge representation, scalability, and FCA, emphasizing the challenges of large datasets and efficient mining techniques. A systematic literature review identifies gaps in existing FCA methods, particularly for distributed architectures, highlighting the need for new approaches to manage the exponential growth of formal concepts and dynamic data streams. Novel algorithms are introduced for merging lattices to recover lost concepts and incremental methods for constructing concept lattices. These algorithms, designed for both single-threaded and parallel execution, enhance scalability and flexibility. Practical use cases, such as an e-commerce recommendation system for the French Ski School, demonstrate the real-world benefits of the proposed methods. Empirical evaluations using synthetic and real-world datasets validate the performance, showing significant improvements in handling large, distributed data. The thesis concludes by summarizing the contributions and suggesting future research directions to further enhance FCA capabilities in distributed settings
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Van, Schalkwyk Phillipus Johannes. « A conceptual framework and considerations for mergers and acquisitions in the information technology arena / P.J. van Schalkwyk ». Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2038.
Texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Conceptual Structures Merge"
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Frambourg, Céline, Petko Valtchev et Robert Godin. « Merge-Based Computation of Minimal Generators ». Dans Conceptual Structures : Common Semantics for Sharing Knowledge, 181–94. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11524564_12.
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Potts, Richard, et Daniel Cole. « The Role of GIS in the Interdisciplinary Investigations at Olorgesailie, Kenya, a Pleistocene Archaeological Locality ». Dans Anthropology, Space, and Geographic Information Systems. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195085754.003.0015.
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A geographic information system is an ideal tool for use in interdisciplinary studies because it provides automated means of linking and relating different spatial databases. In this paper we discuss GIS applications to ongoing archaeological and paleoecological studies at Olorgesailie, an early hominid archaeological locality in the rift valley of southern Kenya and one of the most noted Acheulian handaxe sites worldwide (Isaac 1977). The questions being asked in early hominid archaeology require thinking beyond individual artifacts and site excavations to broader spatial scales within welldefined time intervals (or chronostratigraphic units) (Blumenschine and Masao 1991; Potts 1991). The sedimentary exposures at Olorgesailie permit the smallest spatial scale of individual artifacts and fossils to be integrated with regional-scale studies. Since many of the GIS applications are still in initial form, the purpose here is largely to illustrate the conceptual framework by which GIS integrates the analysis of spatial data at varying geographic scales in the Olorgesailie basin. Covering over 4000 km in length, the African Rift System trends southward from the Afar Triangle in the Red Sea region to south of the Zambezi River in Zambia. The numerous continental rift basins that make up the rift system have a complex structural and volcanic history. For most of its length, the African Rift traverses Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania. The rift is divisible into eastern and western portions, which merge into a broad faulted region in northern Tanzania (Baker et al. 1972). Between the eastern and western rifts, occupying portions of Uganda, Tanzania, and northern Kenya, is an uplifted plateau 1000 to 1200 m in elevation. Uplifted, elongated domal structures located in Ethiopia and Kenya form the structural base from which the East African Rift System has developed. The rocks that make up this shield complex are Precambrian gneisses, quartzites, and schists. In addition to intrusions by dikes and plutons, these basement rocks have been altered by partial melting and metamorphism. Significant though episodic uplift of the Kenyan dome and its flanks during the late Cretaceous and middle and late Tertiary contributed to the development of a graben structure (Baker 1986; Baker et al. 1972).
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Haslanger, Sally. « Going On, Not in the Same Way ». Dans Conceptual Engineering and Conceptual Ethics, 230–60. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801856.003.0012.
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This chapter considers, within an externalist semantics, several ways we might understand the project of improving our concepts to promote greater justice. The tools that culture provides us with—such as language, concepts, and inferential patterns—provide frames for coordination and shape our interaction. There are multiple ways these tools can fail us, for example by the limited structure of options they make intelligible. However, we can sometimes reconfigure the resources so that our practical orientations are more responsive to what is good and coordinate in ways that are just. Such reconfiguration often happens in law; it also occurs in social movements, counter-publics, subaltern communities, and in fascist propaganda. Contestation over meaning is not “mere semantics” for—together with political and material change—it can shape our agency and our lives together.
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Vergragt, Philip J. « Sustainable Consumption : An Important but Ambiguous Concept ». Dans Conceptual Innovation in Environmental Policy. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036580.003.0013.
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This chapter explores the origins of the concept of sustainable consumption in global policy circles in the 1990s and its subsequent evolution in academia, business, civil society, and policy. It describes how academic research increasingly critiqued the understanding of consumption as an individual act and instead conceptualized it as a systemic issue deeply embedded in the economy, culture, and infrastructure, and how it is structured by life-event decisions like buying a house. It describes how the ecologically-inspired critique of consumption merged with the much older social critique of consumerism going back to Karl Marx, Thorstein Veblen, and the Frankfurt, School and discusses the emergence of alternatives and possible pathways to systemic change. The concept of sustainable consumption has influenced policies in the European Union, on the level of cities, and organizations like the World Business Council for Sustainable Development. Since the Great Recession of 2008, the concept has acquired new meanings spurred by the economic crisis and, in the US, the demise of the “American Dream”. The chapter concludes by discussing the concept’s ambiguities and possible futures.
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Trowler, Paul. « Teaching and Learning Regimes ». Dans Accomplishing Change in Teaching and Learning Regimes, 69–98. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851714.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 unpicks the different moments of teaching and learning regimes, illustrating them through two case studies. One concerns a merged university in South Africa dealing with difficult issues around merging disciplines and curricula in a context of continuing structured disadvantage. The second centres on a Danish university in which discourses were shifting in line with an increasingly dominant neo-liberal ideology permeating national policy-making. As well as illustrating the different moments of teaching and learning regimes in transition, these case studies are used to enrich the depiction of social practices as both bundled and nested. This is very significant both conceptually and for understanding and enacting change processes.
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Azamar Alonso, Aleida. « Entre la ambición y la realidad. Un análisis crítico de los megaproyectos en el contexto mexicano ». Dans Investigación en diseño. Discusiones contemporáneas sobre sus oportunidades y desafíos, 109–36. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. Unidad Azcapotzalco., 2024. https://doi.org/10.24275/uama.6341.10741.
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In this chapter, a conceptual discussion is carried out on projects and megaprojects, highlighting their potential to catalyze economic growth, as well as their influence on society and the environment. The historical evolution of the concept of megaprojects and their perspectives on their role in society and the economy are addressed, emphasizing that they go beyond mere economic expansion, influencing the reconfiguration of social and political structures. In addition, the modern conceptualization of megaprojects is analyzed, considering aspects such as scale, environmental and socioeconomic impacts, and how these projects often arise and are mainly oriented to cover private interests is reviewed. In the second part of the chapter, the Tren Maya is examined as a controversial example, illustrating the complex dynamics between economic development and viability. The challenges of management, resource allocation and associated social conflicts are discussed, concluding that, although megaprojects can be drivers of change, in Mexico they have often generated inequalities and socio-environmental conflicts.
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Chamussy, Vincent, et Romuald Housse. « Pucara versus Fortress ». Dans Archaeological and Ethnographic Evidence of Domination in Indigenous Latin America, 75–118. University Press of Florida, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813069708.003.0004.
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In chapter 4, “Pucara versus Fortress: Defensive Arrangements during the Late Intermediate Period on the Coast and Sierra of the Central Andes,” Chamussy and Housse provide an in-depth study of the characteristics of coastal fortresses and sierra pucaras on a cross-regional scale in order to understand the location, importance, and the particular military characteristics of these defensive structures during the LIP. It is well documented that the Late Intermediate Period (LIP), that preceded the expansion of the Inca Empire, was profoundly divided and marked by conflicts and warfare. During this period, political instability in both coastal and sierra areas led to the adoption of dissimilar defensive structures. Called pucara in the Andes and fortresses on the Peruvian coast, both terms seem to convey the same archaeological reality: highly strategic and defensive sites. This intriguing duplicity of terms led the authors to analyze whether this duplicity was a mere semantic artifact or did it reflect a conceptual difference between the coastal fortresses and the sierra pucaras. While researchers have documented the military roles and functions of the coastal fortresses employed against the Chimú or Inka, there is no consensus on the military roles and functions of the hilltop pucara.
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Northoff, Georg. « Spatiotemporal Model of Consciousness I : Spatiotemporal Specificity and Neuronal-Phenomenal Correspondence ». Dans The Spontaneous Brain, 151–94. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262038072.003.0007.
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How and why can neural activity in general and specifically stimulus-induced activity be associated with consciousness? This is the central question in the present chapter. I suggest a Spatiotemporal model that conceives both brain and consciousness in predominantly Spatiotemporal terms rather than being based on specific contents and their neural processing by the brain. This amounts to a Spatiotemporal theory of consciousness (STC). I discuss two specific Spatiotemporal mechanisms that I deem relevant for consciousness. The first Spatiotemporal mechanism refers to “Spatiotemporal integration and nestedness” that describe how different frequencies/regions are coupled and linked, i.e., integrated, and subsequently contained, i.e., nested, with each other. Again, based on empirical findings, “Spatiotemporal integration and nestedness” may predispose the level/state of consciousness, i.e., NPC. The second Spatiotemporal mechanism consists in “Spatiotemporal expansion” that allows to expand the stimuli’ specific points in time and space beyond itself by the brain’s spontaneous activity and its spatiotemporal structure. Based on various empirical findings, I suggest “Spatiotemporal expansion” a sufficient neural condition of consciousness, i.e., a neural correlate of the content of consciousness (NCC). Both spatiotemporal mechanisms are specific in that they can distinguish consciousness and unconsciousness: there is “Spatiotemporal expansion” rather than “Spatiotemporal constriction” and there is “Spatiotemporal nestedness” rather than “Spatiotemporal isolation”. This illustrates the specificity of the Spatiotemporal mechanisms which argues against what can be described as “argument of non-specificity”. Moreover, the STC is based on Spatiotemporal mechanisms rather than mere Spatiotemporal features which renders our Spatiotemporal model non-trivial which can be put forward against what can be described as “argument of triviality”. Taken together, the Spatiotemporal model of consciousness as suggested in the STC is neither non-specific but specific in empirical terms nor trivial on conceptual-logical, phenomenal, and ontological grounds.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Conceptual Structures Merge"
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Proverbio, Marco, Assad Jamal et Jens B. Marcussen. « Conceptual Design of Long-Span Suspension Bridges : Tower Structural Forms ». Dans IABSE Congress, Nanjing 2022 : Bridges and Structures : Connection, Integration and Harmonisation. Zurich, Switzerland : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/nanjing.2022.0190.
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<p>Towers are highly visible and characteristic structural components in long-span bridges. Although several tower arrangements have been proposed for medium-span cable-supported bridges, few solutions have been feasible and optimal for long-span suspension bridges. The most widely adopted form is the H-frame, where vertical (or slightly inclined) legs are connected by one or more cross beams. Another solution is the A-frame in which two inclined legs, not necessarily connected by intermediate cross beams, merge at the tower top. On a few occasions single-shaft towers, often used in cable-stayed bridges, have also been used in suspension bridges. This paper compares alternative tower forms for long-span suspension bridges, based on COWI experience in recent bridge design projects. Different arrangements are investigated, with the objective of improving structural efficiency and reducing material quantities. Finally, constructability aspects and the interaction between the towers and other bridge elements are discussed.</p>
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Talreja, Ramesh. « On the Role of Damage Mechanics in Life Prediction of Composite Structures ». Dans ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0373.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Life prediction of composite structures is still heavy in empiricism. In order to reduce the burden of extensive data generation and proof testing, and to thereby reduce cost, resort must be made to predictive, physically based models. A field with this as a central objective, and with the capability to merge elements of materials science and mechanics, is damage mechanics. This paper will address how specifically damage mechanics may be able to render life prediction methodologies a scientific basis. First, we shall discuss the essential, sequential and interactive elements of a life prediction methodology relevant to composite structures, identifying the role of damage mechanics in such a scheme. We shall then outline a philosophy (conceptual structure) of an approach to life prediction. A simple scenario will then be treated to illustrate the ideas involved. Finally, the multiple ways by which damage mechanics can be implemented will be discussed. The limitations inherent in isolationist (pure) forms of damage mechanics will be discussed, laying bare the need for synergistic approaches. One such approach, and the progress made in achieving it, will then be described. The references cited below report related work by this author and his associates.
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Bellandi, Valerio, et Stefano Siccardi. « An Entity Registry : A Model for a Repository of Entities Found in a Document Set ». Dans 4th International Conference on Natural Language Processing, Information Retrieval and AI. Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2023.130301.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper proposes a conceptual structure for a repository of entities that can be found by usual procedures of Natural Language Processing, that is the search for entities mentioned in text, their identification, possibly through the link to entries in Background Knowledge Basis (BKG) and theconstruction of a Knowledge Basis or Graph to host the information found in this process. We address applications where a BKG is of little help, because the involved entities are not so relevant to be included in any, being for instance ordinary people or small companies. Therefore, we rely on the entities’ attributes and relationships for unique identification, disambiguation, knowledge checking and any other relevant operation. One of the final goals achieved by the proposed method is the ability to merge knowledge collected in separate bases, once they are referred to the same Entity Registry.
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da Silva, Alexandre K., Adrian Bejan et Yves Fautrelle. « Multiple Length Scales for Maximal Heat Transfer Density in Forced and Natural Convection ». Dans ASME 2004 Heat Transfer/Fluids Engineering Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht-fed2004-56133.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The present paper is a review of a new conceptual design for the maximization of heat transfer density (i.e., heat transfer rate per unit of volume) in channels installed in a fixed volume. The volume is filled optimally with parallel equidistant heated blades. The optimal spacing between two blades is such that the thermal boundary layers merge at the end of the channel. The blades can be cooled either by laminar natural or forced convection. Unheated volumes of fluid near the tips of the boundary layers are eliminated through the insertion of new generations of smaller blades. Based on the same principle, new generation of even smaller blades are added stepwise to the multi-scale structure. The optimal length of each family of new blades is determined based on the assumption that the flow downstream the smallest plates is not disturbed. This allows us to predict the exact height where the thermal boundary layer of two distinct generations will merge. As the number length of scales increase, the volume-averaged heat transfer density increases. The results show that the improvement associated with optimal insertion of the first and second generations of scales is significant. Diminishing returns are also observed as the complexity increases, meaning that the contribution of each smaller scale is less important than the contribution of the preceding scale. The theoretical results (i.e., the optimal spacings, optimal lengths, maximal heat transfer density and the cutoffs) are validated numerically.
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Delpeche, Kurt. « Hydrodynamic and Experimental Analysis on a Novel Hybrid Offshore Renewable Structure ». Dans ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-80249.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Since the Kyoto Protocol in Japan in 1997, countries have been on a drive to reduce their carbon emissions but recently this drive has been given a new thrust. Security of energy supplies is now a high priority and one of the possible methods is by harnessing offshore renewable energy. It is proposed, that the use of a hybrid or a combination of two sources of renewable energy that utilizes a single floating structure can effectively reduce the cost of delivering renewable energy. Cost reduction is of key importance, however, it will not be the focus of this paper as it is a well proven concept. However, the motion characteristics of such a novel structure as the one that is presented here has never been fully examined and the literature is very limited on the subject. A scaled model of a conceptual structure was fabricated and subjected to regular waves for a range of wave heights and periods. The effect of wave-current interaction was noted and mooring line forces were measured. Conventional hydrodynamic analysis and rules used in ship structures and semi-submersible design were merged into one cohesive analysis and a comparison was made with the experimental results. There are two operational states that are mentioned, the ‘hybrid mode’ i.e. acting as a barge and a semisubmersible by virtue of the volume of the structure below the Mean Water Level (MWL). The second state is the ‘semisubmersible mode’, which has the pontoon and 75% column of the structure only below the MWL.
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Caldwell, Damon, et Pasquale DePaola. « Architectural History, Version 21.Now ». Dans 108th Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.68.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Questioning the fossilized approach of historical education, which disconnected the historical narrative from its studio counterpart and fast forwarding to now, this paper attempts to question the current utility of history in architectural education by examining when history cohabitates with what is a predominantly a studio-based structure. More specifically, this paper analyzes a particular and methodologically integrative way of teaching architectural history so that its pedagogy, outcomes, and expectations are complementary with those of the design studios. Every design involves historical/theoretical investigations, and architecture can be understood as a practice of concepts and ideas; that practice may precede history as often as history precedes practice. Within this framework, history assumes the role of “repertoire” for applied knowledge, where the analysis of particular buildings does not depend on mnemonic tasks, but centers around cultural and social ideas as well as predisposing constructional techniques. This approach emphasizes specific natures of architectural production: composition (i.e. sequencing, ordering systems, geometry, etc.), tectonics (materiality, structure, assemblies), and culture (politics, science, zeitgeist, etc.), which are also analyzed in specific course assignments. Design studios reinforce history’s usefulness by direct analyses of historical precedents, which are not understood as a mere collection of stylistic artifacts, but rather as conceptual, tectonic, and organizing machines.
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Alpak, Faruk O., Mohamad Jammoul et Mary F. Wheeler. « Consistent Discretization Methods for Reservoir Simulation on Cut-Cell Grids ». Dans SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212213-ms.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Discretization methods have been developed to accompany a novel cut-cell gridding technique for reservoir simulation that preserves the orthogonality characteristic in the lateral direction. A major drawback of the cut-cell gridding method is that polyhedral cells emerge near faults that have relatively small volumes. Pragmatic but non-rigorous approximation methods have been developed in the past to merge these cells with their neighbors so that the grid representation fits the two-point flux approximation (TPFA) framework. In this work, we take a different approach and investigate the global and local applications of select consistent discretization methods in the vicinity of fault representations on cut-cell grids. We develop and test consistent discretization methods that are of low computational cost and do not require major intrusive changes to the solver structure of commercial reservoir simulators. Cell-centered methods such as multi-point flux approximation (MPFA), average multi-point flux approximation (AvgMPFA), and nonlinear two-point flux approximation (NTPFA) methods fit naturally into the framework of existing industrial-grade simulators. Therefore, we develop and test variants of the AvgMPFA and NTPFA methods that are specifically designed to operate on cut-cell grids. An implementation of the well-established but computationally expensive MPFA method is also made for cut-cell grids to serve as a reference to computations with AvgMPFA and NTPFA. All investigated methods are implemented within the framework of a full-physics 3D research simulator with a general compositional formulation, which encompasses black-oil models. We use a set of synthetic cut-cell grid models of varying complexity including conceptual models and a field-scale model. We compare the novel cut-cell adapted AvgMPFA and NTPFA simulation results in terms of accuracy and computational performance against the ones computed with reference MPFA and TPFA methods. We observe that AvgMPFA consistently yields more accurate and computationally efficient simulations than NTPFA on cut-cell grids. Moreover, AvgMPFA hybrids run faster than NTPFA hybrids when compared on the same problem for the same hybridization strategy. On the other hand, the computational performance of AvgMPFA degrades more rapidly compared to NTPFA with increasing "rings" of orthogonal blocks around cut-cells owing to its relatively wider stencil. Auspiciously, only one or two "rings" of orthogonal blocks around cut cells are sufficient with AvgMPFA to deliver high accuracy.
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Roquette, Juan, Fernando Alonso et Pilar Salazar. « Human-Centered Design since the Degree Kickoff : from Alumni Experience to Designer and User Experience ». Dans 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001377.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This article seeks to investigate the new paradigms of digital form and their application to the design process as a way to integrate service design from the very beginning of the process. It addresses a review of the generation of design in the key of "activity of conformation of open strategies". The aim is to open a deep reflection that allows an evolution of the understanding of the discipline of design linked to the outdated definition of "task of formalization of finished objects", which is widespread and still widely assumed. It is undeniable that engineering, urban planning, architecture, graphic design, product design, experience design and fashion design all share a common objective: all of them, in the end, can be considered as "service design".Indeed, each of the modalities of contemporary design and creation involves providing conceptual and oper-ational responses to needs (functional, aesthetic, symbolic, structural, social, individual). In short, creative activity consists of interpreting requirements and constraints in the most creative and efficient way possible. Design is not so much concerned with the need to produce "finished" objects, whether tangible or intangible. Contemporary design aims to create "formal laws", flexible and open, that can be applied according to the changing scenarios posed by today's users. To design digitally today is to create logical structures of data, algorithms and open results. This article rais-es the possibility of designing -from the genesis of the design- by integrating data referring to users and their algo-rithms as the basis of the formal, diagrammatic or structural law of the design solution. From clear mathematical rules and their parameterization, we propose the generation of the base structure of the "digital contemporary design"; from the exposition of data to the generation of “empty form”. In order to that, a preliminary reflection on the Technical drawing / CAD / BIM is proposed as well as describing the languages of the contemporary Design project (data and algorithms necessary for the construction of the form by topological transformations on simple forms). This is a con-temporary way of understanding the generation of the “empty form”. A "prepared" and "structured" format for the subsequent acquisition of successive layers of information (user data) that would trigger the "virtual twin" of the de-sign. Designing by means of topological transformations is an essential exercise in the foundations of digital culture: working with this type of algorithm is the main work of CAD programs. The conception of contemporary design must increasingly take into account the digital era, which constitutes the paradigm of our culture. The ideation and formalization of the actions that define design, architecture, urbanism and the physical environment, go through the management of formal operations within information systems that com-bine identity, visuality, materiality, measurement, financing, parameterization, industrialization, construction mainte-nance and, of course, interaction with users and systems. This phenomenon once again highlights the importance of geometry and drawing as fundamental disciplines that sustain the solid foundations of design education in the Univer-sity.Finally, the article addresses the urgency of defining new methodologies for the design process to ensure that design does not remain a mere "cultural response" to the technical advances produced by science, nor is it a purely intuitive process that proposes images but dispenses with the technical language of its time. We defend the activity of design as a purely contemporary task, which must be generated with the languages and methodologies of our current (and future) time, and for which it must have the possibility of integrating data and adapting to them with flexibility. In this way, any kind of design can be considered "service design" because it will "serve" effectively, avoiding the unnecessary iterations pursued by the LEAN system, which make human actions on reality inefficient and unsustaina-ble. Such a design would prevent the industry from having to generate an overabundance of designs and then discard the inadequate ones (by natural selection, through trial and error, dictated by the market and by user needs).Keywords: Design Training · Design Methodologies · Human-centered Design · Alumni experience · Designer experience ·User Experience · Service Design · Form · Contemporary Design process
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Tavares, Tatiana. « Paradoxical saints : Polyvocality in an interactive AR digital narrative ». Dans LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.81.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This artistic, practice-led PhD thesis is concerned with the potentials of polyvocality and interactive digital narrative. The practical project, Saints of Paradox, is constructed as a printed picture book that can be experienced through an Augmented Reality [AR] platform. The fictional story entails a woman who mourns the disappearance of her lover in the 1964 Brazilian coup d’état and lives for 40 years in a room of accumulated memories. IIn each illustration, the user can select three buttons on the tablet device that activates a different version of the story. Three narrators (saints) present interconnected but diverging interpretations of the events shaped by their distinct theological positions. The respective values of compassion, orthodoxy, and pragmatic realism distort details of imagery, sound, movement, and meaning. AR animated vignettes, each backed by a uniquely composed cinematic soundscape, allow characters to populate the luxuriously illustrated world. Candles flicker and burn, snakes curl through breathing flowerbeds, and rooms furnished with the contents of accumulated memories pulsate with mystery. The scanned image reviews an interactive parallax that produces a sense of three-dimensional space, functioning as a technical and conceptual component. Theoretically, the story navigates relationships between the real and the imagined and refers to magical real binary modes of textual representation (Flores, 1955, Champi, 1980; Slemon, 1988, 1995; Spindler, 1993; Zamora and Faris; 1995; Bowers, 2004). Here, meaning negotiates an unreliable, sometimes paradoxical pathway between rational and irrational accounting and polyvocal narration. The dynamics between the book and the AR environments produce a sense of mixed reality (actual and virtual). The narrative experience resides primarily in an unstable virtual world, and the printed book functions as an enigmatic unoccupied vessel. Because of this, we encounter a sense of ontological reversal where the ‘virtual’ answers the ambiguities presented by the ‘real’ (the book). In the work, religious syncretism operates as a reference to Brazilian culture and an artistic device used to communicate a negotiation of different voices and points of view. The strange and somehow congruous forms of European, African, and indigenous influences merge to form the photomontage world of the novel. Fragments of imagery may be considered semiotic markers of cultural and ideological miscegenation and assembled into an ambiguous ‘new real’ state of being that suggests syncretic completeness. Methodologically, the project emanates from a post-positivist, artistic research paradigm (Klein, 2010). It is supported by a heuristic approach (Douglass and Moustakas, 1985) to the discovery and refinement of ideas through indwelling and explicitness. Thus, the research draws upon tacit and explicit knowledge in developing a fictional narrative, structure, and stylistic treatments. A series of research methods were employed to assess the communicative potential of the work. Collaboration with other practitioners enabled high expertise levels and provided an informed platform of exchange and idea progression.
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Cardona, Ignacio. « Another Path Towards Restorative Community Design ». Dans 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.54.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In 1969, several publications and international conferences put citizens at the center of architecture and urban design. Robert Sommer discusses the influence of space on human behavior in his seminal book Personal Space. Edward T. Hall wrote the Hidden Dimension about the relevance of cultural perspective in characterizing the space surrounding people. The Dalandhui University of Strathclyde held the First Conference on Architectural Psychology hosted by David Canter, pleading for an architecture interwoven with participatory design. Among these examples, perhaps the most influential is A Ladder of Citizen Participation by Sherry Arnstein, which combines academia and activism, asking for complete and progressive citizen empowerment in design decision-making. In 1969, architecture began to strongly demand the expansion of the discipline to share the common good from a people-centered perspective. Fifty-three years later, the debate on orchestrating the integration of people’s needs persists. Architects design logic to shape the territory following technical needs that do not always find a foothold to include emergent social dynamics. The gap between technical needs and people’s everyday demands has contributed to consolidating inequalities that have already become structural. In the inquiry for transdisciplinary strategies to overlap these multiple needs in the design field, this research proposes the framework of Restorative Community Design (RCD) which includes three theoretical bodies: Restorative Justice, the Right to the City, and Participatory Design. First, Restorative Justice is a branch of criminal justice that seeks to bring together different stakeholders affected by wrongdoing; this theoretical framework aims to address needs and responsibilities and heal damage through the close relationships between various community members. Second, RCD is also based on the theory of the Right to the City, which posits that cities are environments that either allow or limit the development of the capabilities of their citizens and that networked access to the opportunities offered by the city is a fundamental variable to integrates citizen´s capabilities to the opportunities and resources that the city provides. Finally, Participatory Design merges the two previous approaches through a critical understanding of practices to promote community empowerment. This research proposes the working definition of Restorative Community Design by implementing a game technique called PATH (Participatory Architecture Towards Humanity). Specifically, the investigation systematizes the application of PATH in two specific case studies. The first one occurred in Petare (2015), the denser self-produced settlement -commonly called the informal city – in America, located in Caracas. The second experience happened in Flushing (2018), the most racially diverse borough in New York City. Researchers found historically disenfranchised communities in both cases, and Restorative Community Design appears as a conceptual and practical framework for people’s voice integration into the design processes. These implementations of PATHs towards Restorative Community Design discuss the difference between different forms of community engagement, specifically Multi and Trans-Engagement, as a tool to integrate community members in planning and architectural projects.