Articles de revues : « Community Development Association (Bangladesh) »

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Talukder, Rafiqul Islam. « Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Human Development- the Case of Bangladesh ». Bangladesh Journal of Political Economy 37, n^o 2 (1 décembre 2021) : 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.56138/bjpe.dec2122.

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World Community first-ever observes devastating face of COVID-19. In this context, the Bangladesh Economic Association initiative to invite Papers on “Impact of COVID-19 on Human Development” and organise 02 days conference is the demand of the time. This paper demonstrates a thorough study and analysis of COVID-19 impact on society, nation, and human capital, enabling our policymakers to set the forward path to building a prosperous Bangladesh. The article follows the guideline set by Bangladesh Economic Association. This article’s data and information have been taken from the author’s experience, different internet sources, IEB journals, sharing with stakeholders of various capacities, and interviewing COVID patients. The article concludes that the economic loss and impact on livelihoods are immeasurable. It suggests bringing 100% eligible population under vaccination, adhering to Virtual Media and making it available to marginalised people for education, and organising an online training course to address human development.

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Chakrabarti, Rahul, Robert P. Finger, Ecosse Lamoureux, M. Tauhidul Islam, Mohamed Dirani, Alauddin Bhuiyan, Silvia Z. Islam, Mohamed A. Wahab et Fakir M. Amirul Islam. « Rationale and methodology for a population-based study of diabetes and common eye diseases in a rural area in Bangladesh : Bangladesh Population based Diabetes and Eye Study (BPDES) ». Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 14, n^o 4 (11 décembre 2015) : 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v14i4.25767.

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Objectives: The purpose of this study were (i) to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) and impact of socioeconomic factors upon the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes (ii) compute a diabetes risk score and (iii) estimate the undiagnosed prevalence of hypertension amongst a large adult population in rural Bangladesh. Methods/design: A sample of 3104 adults aged ?30 years were interviewed from a cluster sample of 18 villages in the Banshgram Union of the Narail District, Bangladesh. Each participant was interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire that assessed participant knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) regarding diabetes, its risk factors, complications and management. Data on demographic details, education, socioeconomic status, medical history, dietary and lifestyle behavior was obtained. Fasting capillary glucose, blood pressure, presenting vision and anthropometric parameters were measured. Participants were stratified into those without diabetes, pre-diabetes, and diagnosed diabetes (known and newly diagnosed). The association of KAP components and other risk factors with diabetes status was assessed. Logistic regression analysis allowed for the development of a non-invasive risk-stratification tool to be developed and implemented for the rural Bangladeshi community. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to report the associations of risk factors with the severity of hypertension. Results and discussion: In Banshgram, over 95% people had not undergone any previous diabetes screening. Baseline demographics estimated the prevalence of diabetes in the sample was 3.2% (n=99). 47% of participants had no formal education. Whilst there is literature on the prevalence of diabetes in urban and semi-urban Bangladesh there is a paucity of evidence examining the impact of KAP of diabetes amongst the general community. We believe that the BPDES has developed a methodology to provide new evidence to guide health policy and targeted population-based interventions in these rural areas.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(4) 2015 p.367-375

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Erling, Elizabeth J., Philip Seargeant et Mike Solly. « English in rural Bangladesh ». English Today 30, n^o 4 (11 novembre 2014) : 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078414000352.

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English's elevated status within a global economy of languages means that English-language education is increasingly promoted in international development initiatives in countries such as Bangladesh. This is partly due to a growing conviction that English is able to play an important role in helping people participate in global economic markets from which they have previously been excluded (Seargeant & Erling, 2011). Despite the strong associations made between English-language ability and development, there is at present only limited evidence showing a causal relationship between the two (Erling, forthcoming), while a complex of other issues surrounding the cultural politics of the language also play a role in the social implications of its promotion in such contexts. The aim of this article is to examine how English is perceived in rural Bangladesh by the people at whom such international development programmes are targeted. A broad assumption of such programmes is that English is a positive and, in some sense, necessary resource for development. The article investigates whether this matches the perception of those at whom such projects are aimed, and what it is that these communities feel the language can offer both in practical and in socio-cultural terms for the developmental challenges they face. In order to examine these questions the article draws on results from an ethnographical survey of two rural areas in Bangladesh which investigated the attitudes and aspirations of local community members to the potential impact of English-language education on their social prospects and cultural identities.

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Saha, Shilpi Rani, et Md Mobarak Hossain Khan. « Risk factors for early childhood disability in Bangladesh : Evidence from Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019 ». PLOS ONE 16, n^o 11 (4 novembre 2021) : e0259532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259532.

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Introduction Early childhood is a vital part of human life because most of the brain developments occur in this particular period. Early childhood disability is a significant global public health burden, which can negatively impact the children’s quality of life and their overall productivity. It is also a major social and economic problem in Bangladesh. Therefore, it is very important to understand the associated factors for early childhood disability, which may help disability prevention, better management and policy formulation. The main objective of this study is to investigate the child, family, and community-level factors associated with early childhood disability in Bangladesh. Methods A cross sectional nationally representative data was derived from Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), 2019. A total of 14,072 Bangladeshi children under five years of age were selected for this study. Various types of statistical analysis (simple, bivariate, multivariable) were performed. To assess the bivariate relationship between chosen categorical variables (independent) and early childhood disability (dependent), a chi-square test was used. The multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to find out the association of disability with child, family, and community-level factors. Results The results show that 2.0% of the children have at least one disability and 0.8% have more disabilities. Several factors namely not attending in early childhood education [Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.13–1.17 Ρ = 0.01], having mother’s functional difficulty (OR = 1.23; 95% (CI) = 0.58–1.88 Ρ <0.001), unhappy mother’s life (OR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.30–1.39 Ρ <0.001), parents without internet access (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.06–1.29 Ρ = 0.03) and parents using mobile phone (OR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.09–0.95 Ρ = 0.02) were found to be important for early childhood disability in Bangladesh. Conclusion Early childhood disability is still neglected in Bangladesh and further epidemiological studies are recommended. The findings of this study may help policy makers and relevant stakeholders to develop interventions for reducing the overall burden of early childhood disability.

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Chowdhury, Mohammad Rocky Khan, Russell Kabir, Konstantinos Papadopoulas, SM Yasir Arafat, Manzur Kader, Mohbub Alam et Md Nazrul Islam Mondal. « Does household food insecurity influence nutritional practice of children age 6 to 23 months in Bangladesh ? » South East Asia Journal of Public Health 6, n^o 2 (22 avril 2017) : 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v6i2.31836.

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To examine the prevalence of household food insecurity (HHFI) among children aged between 6-23 months in Bangladesh. This paper also aims to identify the individual, household and community levels determinants of HHFI and the association between nutritional behavior and HHFI. Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey (BDHS), 2011 was used for this research. A total of 2,344 children were selected for analysis. Statistical analysis and tests were guided by the nature of the variables. Finally, logistic regression analysis was used to find out the association between independent variables and outcome. The overall prevalence of HHFI was 36.3% (95% CI: 33.6-39.0) among the participants (children). The prevalence of HHFI was significantly higher among children who did not receive nutritional items. In contrast, HHFI was more prevalent among children who were breastfed (37.0%) as compared to non-breastfed. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that children of illiterate mothers (adjusted OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.17-4.10), illiterate fathers (adjusted OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.41-3.66) and socio-economically poor families (adjusted OR: 11.35, 95% CI: 7.20-17.91) were more at risk of experiencing HHFI, whereas, rural children (adjusted OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.57-0.93) were more protective. In the adjusted logistic regression model, children who did not receive juice (adjusted OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.09-2.16) had experienced HHFI. The prevalence of HHFI among children is still high in Bangladesh. Therefore, to achieve the Millennium Development Goals, the Government of Bangladesh should priorities HHFI as a major public health issue. Strong collaborations among various stakeholders are also crucial to improve the situation.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.6(2) 2016: 53-60

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Haque, C. Emdad. « Resettlement of development-induced displacees : Emerging issues ». Ekistics and The New Habitat 71, n^o 427-429 (1 décembre 2004) : 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200471427-429183.

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The author's primary academic interest is to explore the various facets of, and processes in the nature and society interface. His background is in the area of resource and environmental management, with concentrations in environmental risk assessment, hazard and disaster management, and water resource management. He served as the President of the Canadian Association of Geographers, Prairie Division, and Vice President of the International Natural Hazards Society. Dr Haque is the founding President of the Canadian Risk and Hazards Network(CRHNet). He served as an advisor and consultant to several ministries of the provincial government of Manitoba, Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada, the national government of Bangladesh, and United Nations agencies in the fields of social impact assessment, disaster mitigation and emergency management, community-based resource management, sustainable floodplain development and management, and water resource planning and program implementation. The text that follows is a slightly edited and revised version of a paper presented at the international symposion on "The Natural City, " Toronto, 23-25 June, 2004, sponsored by the University of Toronto's Division of the Environment, Institute for Environmental Studies, and the World Society for Ekistics.

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Talukder, Md Azharul Islam, Md Shahjahan, Md Rezwanul Habib, Md Salahuddin, Seikh Masudur Rahman, Md Yousuf Ali, Sirazum Munira et al. « Production and compositional studies of milk in local Pabna cows of Bangladesh ». Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 5, n^o 1 (22 avril 2019) : 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v5i1.41044.

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The Pabna is one of the potential local cattle breeds in Bangladesh regarding milk production and its nutritive quality. The aim of the study was to know the effect of lactation length, parity and management on production performance and nutritional/physiochemical composition of the milk of local Pabna cows. Besides the regular milking, 15 days’ interval test day milking was recorded from 12 local Pabna cows with different lactation period (up to fifth month of calving) from BLRI Regional Station, Baghabari during January-September, 2018. In addition, 12 and 16 milk samples (200 ml/sample) were collected from the cows raised at BLRI Regional Station and the community of Dairy Development Research Project at Bera, Pabna district during June, 2018, respectively. Data were analyzed in an ANOVA of Completely Randomized Design and independent sample t-test, respectively, using SAS version 9.1.3 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) including Tukey’s HSD post hoc test to separate means. The average daily milk yield was significantly (p<0.05) higher during the first month (4.62 L) of lactation and the lowest value recorded at 5th month (3.50 L). Among the test days milking better yield observed at 15 days (4.79 L) of experimental lactation period (p<0.05). The effect of lactation stages and parity number had no significant variations (p>0.05) on nutrient compositions of local Pabna cows’ milk in both on-station and community. However, the overall characteristics of milk between on-station and community had significant differences on the composition of total solids (p<0.001), SNF (p<0.001), fat (p<0.01), and protein (p<0.05) where the highest values found as 14.81, 8.65, 6.17 and 3.53% at on-station, respectively. The first month of lactation observed as best milk producing period among the five months and the management system had positive association with milk composition of local Pabna cows. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2019, 5(1): 48-51

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Hossain, Md Shahadoth, Tasniya Akter et Md Zafar As Sadiq. « Nutritional Knowledge, WASH Practices of Mothers and Their Impact on the Nutritional Status of Children Aged 6–59 Months in Cumilla District, Bangladesh ». European Journal of Nutrition & ; Food Safety 15, n^o 12 (30 décembre 2023) : 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2023/v15i121371.

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Introduction: Child malnutrition is a pressing global public health issue, impacting both immediate health and future development. Adequate nutrition is a crucial aspect of public health, with maternal nutritional knowledge playing a vital role in ensuring optimal growth for children. Insufficient awareness about nutrition, even in households with sufficient resources, can result in poor outcomes for children. Aim: This study aimed to explore the contemporary status of maternal nutritional knowledge, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) practices and their effect on the nutritional status of children aged 6–59 months in the Cumilla district of Bangladesh. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 386 mother-child (6-59 months) pairs from 7 villages of the Cumilla district, Bangladesh. The study was designed to assess nutritional knowledge, WASH practices of mothers and nutritional status of their children using structured questionnaire and anthropometric measures. Chi square test was performed to investigate the association between maternal nutritional knowledge, WASH practices, and the nutritional status of children. Results: The study revealed, the level of nutritional knowledge was average (72.3%) among mothers. The prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting and overweight were 38.6%, 16.9%, 11.9%, and 7.8% respectively. A strong relationship was found between nutritional knowledge, WASH practices of mothers and child’s stunting (p<0.05) respectively. Maternal nutritional knowledge also had a strong association with underweight where female child was more prone to underweight than its male counterpart (p<0.05). There was no significant association between maternal nutritional knowledge, WASH practices and wasting (p = 0.224, p = 0.328) respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed elevated rates of stunting and overweight in children compared to the national average, while underweight prevalence was lower and wasting prevalence was similar. Therefore, it is crucial to tackle social and cultural issues and implement effective strategies to enhance maternal nutritional knowledge and WASH practices to mitigate malnutrition in the rural areas of Bangladesh.

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Omi, Fardina Rahman, Lingkan Barua, Palash Chandra Banik et Mithila Faruque. « A protocol to assess the risk of dementia among patients with coronary artery diseases using CAIDE score ». F1000Research 9 (25 janvier 2021) : 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.25388.2.

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Introduction: The impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on the later development of dementia is not well studied globally. Therefore, this study aims to determine the long-term risk of dementia using a mobile application-based tool in addition to elucidating the contributing factors among CAD patients. Protocol: This cross-sectional study collected data from 285 stable CAD patients admitted to the “Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute” for coronary revascularization from August 2019 to July 2020. The patients were recruited using a convenient sampling technique due to economic and logistical issues. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Physical parameters (blood pressure and anthropometry) were measured while maintaining the adequate privacy of the patients. The biochemical parameters analyzed by the hospital lab were also collected. The next phase of this study involves the use of a mobile application-based tool, “The Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE)” risk score, to determine the risk factors associated with dementia. In addition, a descriptive statistical and inferential analysis will also be performed to determine the key contributing risk factors linked to the development of dementia. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media, online news portal, the internet, and various community/stakeholder engagement activities. Conclusion: As a baseline study of the country, this study will fill a key knowledge gap in the pathway to the development of better interventions for dementia in Bangladesh. Outcomes from this study will also help with raising awareness on the association of mental health-related issues with cardiovascular diseases so that an improved cardiac rehabilitation program can be implemented in Bangladesh.

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Omi, Fardina Rahman, Lingkan Barua, Palash Chandra Banik et Mithila Faruque. « A protocol to assess the risk of dementia among patients with coronary artery diseases using CAIDE score ». F1000Research 9 (22 avril 2021) : 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.25388.3.

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Introduction: The impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on the later development of dementia is not well studied globally. Therefore, this study aims to determine the long-term risk of dementia using a mobile application-based tool in addition to elucidating the contributing factors among CAD patients. Protocol: This cross-sectional study collected data from 285 stable CAD patients admitted to the “Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute” for coronary revascularization from August 2019 to July 2020. The patients were recruited using a convenient sampling technique due to economic and logistical issues. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Physical parameters (blood pressure and anthropometry) were measured while maintaining the adequate privacy of the patients. The biochemical parameters analyzed by the hospital lab were also collected. The next phase of this study involves the use of a mobile application that uses the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE) dementia risk score, to determine the risk factors associated with dementia. In addition, a descriptive statistical and inferential analysis will also be performed to determine the key contributing risk factors linked to the development of dementia. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media, online news portal, the internet, and various community/stakeholder engagement activities. Conclusion: As a baseline study of the country, this study will fill a key knowledge gap in the pathway to the development of better interventions for dementia in Bangladesh. Outcomes from this study will also help with raising awareness on the association of mental health-related issues with cardiovascular diseases so that an improved cardiac rehabilitation program can be implemented in Bangladesh.

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Omi, Fardina Rahman, Lingkan Barua, Palash Chandra Banik et Mithila Faruque. « A protocol to assess the risk of dementia among patients with coronary artery diseases using CAIDE score ». F1000Research 9 (19 octobre 2020) : 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.25388.1.

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Introduction: The impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) on the later development of dementia is not well studied globally. Therefore, this study aims to determine the long-term risk of dementia using a mobile application-based tool in addition to elucidating the contributing factors among CAD patients. Protocol: This ongoing cross-sectional study is collecting data from 285 stable CAD patients admitted to the “Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute” for coronary revascularization from August 2019 to July 2020. The patients were recruited using a convenient sampling technique due to economic and logistical issues. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Physical parameters (blood pressure and anthropometry) were measured while maintaining the adequate privacy of the patients. The biochemical parameters analyzed by the hospital lab were also collected. The next phase of this study involves the use of a mobile application-based tool, “The Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE)” risk score, to determine the risk factors associated with dementia. In addition, a descriptive statistical and inferential analysis will also be performed to determine the key contributing risk factors linked to the development of dementia. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Committee of Bangladesh University of Health Sciences. The results will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, social media, online news portal, the internet, and various community/stakeholder engagement activities. Conclusion: As a baseline study of the country, this study will fill a key knowledge gap in the pathway to the development of better interventions for dementia in Bangladesh. Outcomes from this study will also help with raising awareness on the association of mental health-related issues with cardiovascular diseases so that an improved cardiac rehabilitation program can be implemented in Bangladesh.

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Khan, Niaz Ahmed, Junaid Kabir Choudhury, A. Z. M. Manzoor Rashid, Mohammad Raqibul Hasan Siddique et Karishma Sinha. « Co-Management Practices by Non-Government Organizations (NGOs) in Selected Coastal Forest Zones of Bangladesh : A Focus on Sustainability ». Sustainability 14, n^o 22 (10 novembre 2022) : 14885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214885.

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There has been an upsurge concerning the concept and application of “co-management” in the governance of natural resources in Bangladesh in recent years. Notwithstanding the popularity of co-management, however, the overall approach to implementation has been overtly technical in nature; and there has been limited attention to sustainability dynamics. This article aims to explore aspects policy and practice withinco-management based on several purposely selected cases in the coastal forest zones of Bangladesh. It also identifies the major challenges and issues concerning its sustainability. The lessons generated by this study may be relevant to both policy makers and practitioners. A qualitative research approach was adopted with empirical data collection methods including key informant interviews, focus group discussions, documentary research, and unstructured personal observation. The article begins with a recapitulation of the concept of co-management and its associations with sustainability, followed by an overview of the major co-management practices in Bangladesh. The discussion subsequently raises lessons learned and key issues relating to sustainability, including: the need for sorting out land-related tenurial complications and institutions used in co-management; unequal awareness of the concept of co-management and varying levels of participation of community organizations; the political interface and accountability of co-management institutions; issues of “ownership” at the community level; and the role of “external” support and facilitation. As a recently developed concept and practice, co-management seems to be rapidly taking root and displaying signs of gradual consolidation in Bangladesh. Considerable progress has been made in terms of required policy and legislative reforms, community level institution building, and a degree of change in the mindset of the government agencies to accommodate and nurture co-management. However, numerous issues (e.g., tenurial rights, effective community participation, equity, political dynamics, adequate financial support, accountability, and transparency) still need to be resolved if sustainability is to be fully achieved and satisfy the hopes and needs of local communities both now and in the future.

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Yeasmin, Shahida, Chaman Ara, Md Belal Hossain, Fazlur Rahman, Md Washim Bari et Md Belal Uddin. « Risk Factors Related to Residential Environment of Childhood Community Acquired Pneumonia ». TAJ : Journal of Teachers Association 35, n^o 1 (10 août 2022) : 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/taj.v35i1.61166.

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Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a lower respiratory tract infection occurring in a child who has not resided in a hospital or health care facility in the preceding 14 days. This study was done to determine the risk factors related to the residential environment of CAP among children under five. Methods: It was a case-control study conducted at the indoor and outdoor units of the Department of Pediatrics and EPI center of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH); the study period was two years, from January 2017 to December 2018. The sampling method was purposive sampling. The sample size was 246 children aged 2-59 months, consisting of 123 cases and 123 controls. Result: A significant association was found between CAP and parental smoking (p =0.000, OR=3.33), overcrowding (p = 0.010, OR =1.96) , indoor air pollution (p = 0.004 ,OR =2.33 ) , exposure to cold & humidity ( p = 0.015 , OR =1.95 ) . The study had identified tobacco smoking of parents, overcrowding, exposure to cold & humidity, indoor air pollution as risk factors for CAP. Conclusion: CAP is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in under five children (2-59 months) in developing countries like Bangladesh. A huge amount of money is needed to treat the CAP. So, it will be a burden on family and country. However, early detection of the significant risk factors and necessary actions toward these factors help us prevent the development of CAP in under five children (2-59 months) and improve their quality of life. TAJ 2022; 35: No-1: 117-123

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Sutradhar, Nandalal, Tanzina Parveen, Bristi Bhowmick et Md Tanzir Anwar. « Nutritional Status and Food Habit among School Going Adolescent of Bangladesh ». Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 11, n^o 05 (24 mai 2023) : 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2023.v11i05.021.

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Introduction: Adolescence is a time of high nutrient demands because of rapid growth and development during puberty. It is also a time when individuals experience increasing control over their food choices and develop dietary habits that affect their weight status and extend into adulthood. Objective: To assess the Nutritional status and food habit among school going adolescent of Bangladesh. Methods: A community based cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Savar Zilla School & Morning Glory School and College, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to December 2022. A total of 100 students belonging to 8th, 9th and 10th classes participated. Information were collected regarding socio- demographic features and main eating habits from 10-19 years girls who were willing to participate and had no history of chronic illnesses like heart diseases, asthma, physically handicapped etc. Height and weight measurements were done by standard techniques and BMI was calculated using WHO Anthroplus software. BMI & Height for age were taken as a key indicator to assess their nutritional status. Data was analyzed by proportions, mean ± SD and χ2 test. Results: Mean age was 13.33 ± 1.09 years. Prevalence of thinness, overweight or obesity and stunting were 16%, 11.0% and 21.0% respectively. Significant association was found between different age groups, consumption of roots & tubers, cereals, puffed rice, green non-leafy vegetables, fatty foods, eating at fast food centre, skipping of meals, going hungry, physical activity, number of classes on healthy eating, trying to change their weight with the nutritional status of adolescent girls. Conclusion: There is a need to increase more nutritional counselling on healthy eating habits in school and thus to take appropriate interventions to improve the nutritional status of adolescent.

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Clark, Allen L. « Burma in 2002 : A Year of Transition ». Asian Survey 43, n^o 1 (janvier 2003) : 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2003.43.1.127.

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The year 2002 saw a consolidation of power within the ruling State Peace and Democracy Council that resulted in the confidence to free Aung San Suu Kyi from house arrest. This resulted almost immediately in a thawing, but certainly not any significant melting, of relations with the international community with respect to Burma (Myanmar). Despite her release, however, Aung San Suu Kyi has not given her approval for any significant non-humanitarian assistance to be given to the government. Positive developments in the reconciliation process are necessary before any significant lifting of sanctions, and thus overall development in the nation, will be possible; to date it appears that this process will be very slow and deliberate and will be undertaken according to the timetable of the government. In the interim, the economy of Burma teeters close to collapse and Burma continues to be the poorest country in the Association for Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and Asia overall. Despite these problems, the fact that Burma lies at the crossroads of Asia and is being wooed by China, India, Russia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and several ASEAN members gives the nation recognition beyond its size and economy. The overall future is not clear, but the "Dawn of a New Burma" may be breaking.

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Md. Abdullah-Al-Maruf, Md Abdullah-Al-Maruf, Md Ruhid Hossain, A. H. M. Anisuzzaman, Alamgir Hossan,, Abu Naser Md Abdul Kader, Jiban Chandra Das et Noor Mohammed. « Prevalence of Tobacco Users (Smoking and Smokeless) among Rural Areas in Bangladesh ». Saudi Journal of Medicine 9, n^o 04 (6 avril 2024) : 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjm.2024.v09i04.001.

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Background: Tobacco consumption, encompassing both smoking and smokeless forms, remains a significant public health challenge globally, particularly prevalent in rural areas of Bangladesh. Despite efforts to curb its usage, tobacco continues to impose a substantial burden on public health, socioeconomic development, and community well-being, especially in rural regions. Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of tobacco use among rural areas of Bangladesh, exploring factors driving its uptake and persistence. Method: Between January and June 2023, a cross-sectional epidemiological investigation took place across multiple regions in Bangladesh, spanning Sylhet, Shunamgonj, Moulvibazar, Hobigonj, Chattogram, Pabna, Brahman Baria, Kishorgonj, and Chandpur districts. The study targeted a randomized selection of 250 adults aged 18 years and above, who had resided in their respective areas for at least five years. These individuals were recruited during consultations for various health concerns. Subsequently, they were surveyed regarding their history of tobacco consumption, and with their consent, data was systematically collected using structured questionnaires, physical assessments, and anthropometric measurements. The gathered data underwent statistical analysis through SPSS v. 20.0. Results: The study revealed a diverse demographic profile, with a majority falling within the 18-39 age bracket (40%) and a slight predominance of males (55%). Educational attainment varied, with 50% having primary dropout status. Regarding tobacco use, 30% reported smoking bidi, cigarettes, or self-rolled tobacco, 50% were non-smokers, and 20% used both smoking and non-smoking forms. The onset of tobacco use varied, with 30% starting after the age of 30. Association of impact of chronic long term tobacco use on health was also significant with 76% long term users having health related issues. Additionally, 30% of tobacco users engaged in other forms of recreation, while 25% attempted to quit smoking. Limited psychiatric awareness was evident, with only 10% understanding psychiatric disorders. Conclusion: The study highlights the significant prevalence of tobacco use in rural Bangladesh and underscores the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to address this public health issue. Targeted interventions and evidence-based policies are essential to mitigate the adverse effects of tobacco use, safeguard public health, and promote healthier communities in rural areas.

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Campbell, Rebecca K., Kerry J. Schulze, Saijuddin Shaikh, Rubhana Raqib, Lee S. F. Wu, Hasmot Ali, Sucheta Mehra, Keith P. West et Parul Christian. « Environmental enteric dysfunction and systemic inflammation predict reduced weight but not length gain in rural Bangladeshi children ». British Journal of Nutrition 119, n^o 4 (28 février 2018) : 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114517003683.

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AbstractEnvironmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and systemic inflammation (SI) are common in developing countries and may cause stunting. In Bangladesh, >40 % of preschool children are stunted, but EED and SI contributions are unknown. We aimed to determine the impact of EED and SI (assessed with multiple indicators) on growth in children (n 539) enrolled in a community-based randomised food supplementation trial in rural Bangladesh. EED was defined with faecal myeloperoxidase, α-1 antitrypsin and neopterin and serum endotoxin core antibody and glucagon-like peptide-2, consolidated into gut inflammation (GI) and permeability (GP) scores, and urinary lactulose:mannitol α-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) characterised SI. Biomarker associations with anthropometry (15-, 18- and 24-month length-for-age (LAZ), weight-for-length (WLZ) and weight-for-age (WAZ) z scores) were examined in pairwise correlations and adjusted mixed-effects regressions. Stunting, wasting and underweight prevalence at 18 months were 45, 15 and 37 %, respectively, with elevated EED and SI markers common. EED and SI were not associated with 15–24-month length trajectory. Elevated (worse) GI and GP scores predicted reduced 18–24-month WLZ change (β −0·01 (se 0·00) z score/month for both). Elevated GP was also associated with reduced 15–18-month WLZ change (β −0·03 (se 0·01) z score/month) and greater 15-month WLZ (β 0·16 (se 0·05)). Higher AGP was associated with reduced prior and increased subsequent WLZ change (β −0·04 (se 0·01) and β 0·02 (se 0·00) z score/month for 15–18 and 18–24 months). The hypothesised link from EED to stunting was not observed in this sample of Bangladeshi 18-month-olds, but the effects of EED on constrained weight gain may have consequences for later linear growth or for other health and development outcomes.

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Rahman, Md Ashfikur, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Lal B. Rawal, Mohan Paudel, Md Hasan Howlader, Bayezid Khan, Tanjim Siddiquee et al. « Factors influencing place of delivery : Evidence from three south-Asian countries ». PLOS ONE 16, n^o 4 (8 avril 2021) : e0250012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250012.

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Background High maternal mortality is still a significant public health challenge in many countries of the South-Asian region. The majority of maternal deaths occur due to pregnancy and delivery-related complications, which can mostly be prevented by safe facility delivery. Due to the paucity of existing evidence, our study aimed to examine the factors associated with place of delivery, including women’s preferences for such in three selected South-Asian countries. Methods We extracted data from the most recent demographic and health surveys (DHS) conducted in Bangladesh (2014), Nepal (2016), and Pakistan (2017–18) and analyzed to identify the association between the outcome variable and socio-demographic characteristics. A total of 16,429 women from Bangladesh (4278; mean age 24.57 years), Nepal (3962; mean age 26.35 years), and Pakistan (8189; mean age 29.57 years) were included in this study. Following descriptive analyses, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted. Results Overall, the prevalence of facility-based delivery was 40%, 62%, and 69% in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan, respectively. Inequity in utilizing facility-based delivery was observed for women in the highest wealth quintile. Participants from Urban areas, educated, middle and upper household economic status, and with high antenatal care (ANC) visits were significantly associated with facility-based delivery in all three countries. Interestingly, watching TV was also found as a strong determinant for facility-based delivery in Bangladesh (aOR = 1.31, 95% CI:1.09–1.56, P = 0.003), Nepal (aOR = 1.42, 95% CI:1.20–1.67, P<0.001) and Pakistan (aOR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.03–1.32, P = 0.013). Higher education of husband was a significant predictor for facility delivery in Bangladesh (aOR = 1.73, 95% CI:1.27–2.35, P = 0.001) and Pakistan (aOR = 1.19, 95% CI: 0.99–1.43, P = 0.065); husband’s occupation was also a significant factor in Bangladesh (aOR = 1.30, 95% CI:1.04–1.61, P = 0.020) and Nepal (aOR = 1.26, 95% CI:1.01–1.58, P = 0.041). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the educational status of both women and their husbands, household economic situation, and the number of ANC visits influenced the place of delivery. There is an urgent need to promote facility delivery by building more birthing facilities, training and deployment of skilled birth attendants in rural and hard-to-reach areas, ensuring compulsory female education for all women, encouraging more ANC visits, and providing financial incentives for facility deliveries. There is a need to promote facility delivery by encouraging health facility visits through utilizing social networks and continuing mass media campaigns. Ensuring adequate Government funding for free maternal and newborn health care and local community involvement is crucial for reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and achieving sustainable development goals in this region.

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Kabir, Asma, Md Nazrul Islam, Ayesha Afroz Chowdhury, Shyamali Das et Md Zafor Sadeque. « Unmet Need for Family Planning among Married Women : Experience from Rural and Urban Communities ». Faridpur Medical College Journal 8, n^o 1 (7 novembre 2013) : 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v8i1.16894.

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Unmet need for family planning is the key indicator to achieve Millennium Development Goal by the year 2015. Bangladesh Government has a great success in family planning sector but population has almost doubled in recent years. This study was carried out among married women to compare the determinants of unmet need for family planning among rural and urban communities during the period from July 2010 to June 2011. Unmet need for family planning in rural community was found 18(12%) and in urban community it was 38(25.3%). Among rural women unmet need for limiter was 13(8.6%) and spacer was 5(3.4%) while limiter 29(19.4%) and spacer 9(5.9%) found among urban women. Mean age at marriage was found 17.97(SD±2.66) years and mean age at first child birth was 19.91(SD±2.71) years among rural women. Among urban women mean age at marriage was found 20.43(SD±4.08) years and mean age at first child birth was 22.55 (SD±4.3) years. Current contraceptive users among rural women was 7 9(52.7%) while it was 61(40.7%) among urban women. In this study, association between unmet need for family planning and freedom of choice of contraceptives was highly significant (p=0.001). To increase contraceptive prevalence rate and reduction of unplanned pregnancy, more emphasis should be given on unmet need for family planning. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v8i1.16894 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2013;8(1): 26-30

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Faridi, Dr Jamsed, Dr Nahid Ferdausi, Dr Mohammed Monir Hossain, Dr Md Adnan Islam, Dr Md Mahboobur Rahman Bhuyan et Dr Asma Aktar. « The Environmental and Social Risk Factors for Myopia in Children and Adolescents in Bangladesh ». Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 11, n^o 02 (25 février 2023) : 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2023.v11i02.027.

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Background: The seriousness of myopia is still underappreciated by the general population. One in five occurrences of blindness may be traced back to uncorrected refractive error (The discrepancy between the patient's vision at presentation and their best-corrected vision). Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the environmental and social risk factors for myopia in children and adolescents in Bangladesh. Method: This prospective cohort research conducted at a major medical center to investigate prenatal through adult risk factors for poor health and noncommunicable illnesses in young people. The study began in July 2020, and 100 people have been asked to participate in yearly follow-ups for two years. The majority of the people living there are from the Dhaka metropolitan area. Schools, daycares, community clinics, general practices, public health agencies, and collaborative research projects are just few of the places where participants are sought for recruitment. Results: During the study, 60% were in 11-18 years age group, 55% were male and 35% were in middle income group. 10% myopia had 3-10 years age group and 21% myopia in 11-18 years age group. 80% patients had everyday outdoor frequency, followed by 50% had 1-2 hours outdoor frequency, 60% had everyday near work frequency. There was a significant associations of myopia with low outdoor activity frequency, high near work duration and low near work frequency. Outdoor activity duration was not significantly associated with myopia. Conclusion: The results of our study indicate that regular sun exposure and limiting the amount of time spent in constant close work may help prevent the development of eye diseases. Furthermore, our cohort found that children of higher socioeconomic status were less likely to be myopic. Strategy development for myopia prevention in children of all ages should be prioritized in light of the massive economic burden imposed by the condition and the apparent ............

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Islam, Mohammad Zahidul, M. Mofizul Islam, Md Mostafizur Rahman et Md Nuruzzaman Khan. « Prevalence and risk factors of short birth interval in Bangladesh : Evidence from the linked data of population and health facility survey ». PLOS Global Public Health 2, n^o 4 (22 avril 2022) : e0000288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000288.

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The Sustainable Development Goals 3 targets significant reductions in maternal and under-five deaths by 2030. The prevalence of these deaths is significantly associated with short birth intervals (SBI). Identification of factors associated with SBI is pivotal for intervening with appropriate programmes to reduce occurrence of SBI and associated adverse consequences. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with SBI in Bangladesh. A total of 5,941 women included in the 2017/18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017/18 and 1,524 healthcare facilities included in the 2017 Bangladesh Health Facility were linked and analysed. The sample was selected based on the availability of the birth interval data between the two most recent subsequent live birth. SBI was defined as an interval between consecutive births of 33 months or less, as recommended by the World Health Organization and was the outcome variable. Several individual-, households-, and community-level factors were considered as exposure variables. We used descriptive statistics to summarise respondents’ characteristics and multilevel Poisson regression to assess the association between the outcome variable with exposure variables. Around 26% of live births occurred in short intervals, with a further higher prevalence among younger, uneducated, or rural women. The likelihoods of SBI were lower among women aged 20–34 years (PR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.11–0.17) and ≥35 years (PR, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.02–0.05) as compared to the women aged 19 years or less. Women from households with the richest wealth quintile experienced lower odds of SBI (PR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.45–0.85) compared to those from the poorest wealth quintile. The prevalences of SBI were higher among women whose second most recent child died (PR, 5.23; 95% CI, 4.18–6.55), those who were living in Chattogram (PR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.12–2.07) or Sylhet (PR, 2.83, 95% CI, 2.08–3.86) divisions. Availability of modern contraceptives at the nearest healthcare facilities was 66% protective to the occurrence of SBI (PR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.22–0.78). Also, the prevalence of SBI increased around 85% (PR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.33–2.18) for every kilometer increase in the distance of nearby health facilities from women’s homes. Targeted and tailored regional policies and programmes are needed to increase the awareness of SBI and associated adverse health outcomes and availability of modern contraception in the healthcare facilities.

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Lee, Sun Eun, Yuan-yuan Li, Susan Sumner, Susan McRitchie, Lee Wu, Alain Labrique, Parul Christian, Keith West Jr et Kerry Schulze. « Plasma Untargeted Metabolomic Profile Associated with Vitamin A Status in Pregnant Women in Rural Bangladesh ». Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (29 mai 2020) : 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa041_022.

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Abstract Objectives Vitamin A status during pregnancy is important for visual health, immune function and fetal growth and development. However, little is known about how vitamin A may affect systemic metabolic function of undernourished pregnant women. The objective of this study is to characterize metabolic signatures and pathways associated with vitamin A status in pregnant women. Methods This study was nested into JiVitA-3, a community-based antenatal multiple micronutrient vs. iron-folic acid supplementation trial in rural Bangladesh. In plasma samples of 150 women at ∼32 weeks of gestation, retinol had been measured by HPLC and relative abundances of metabolites were measured by UPLC Q-Exactive HF-X mass spectrometer. Univariate linear regression was used to determine metabolites associated with plasma retinol. Multiple testing was corrected using a false discovery rate threshold of 5%. Results Among 2985 peak features included in data analysis, 97 known metabolites were positively or negatively associated with plasma retinol concentrations. Among the top 11 positive correlates, seven metabolites are tryptophan or its metabolic catabolites including 5-methoxy tryptophan, tryptamine, 5-methoxytryptamine, N-formylkynureine, indole, 2-indolecarboxylic acid, and 3-methylene-indolenine (r = 0.32∼0.42, p-value < 8 × 10−5). Pathway analysis demonstrated that metabolic pathways of tryptophan, nicotinamide (vitamin B3), lysine, arginine and proline were significantly enriched (gamma p-value < 0.05). Conclusions An untargeted plasma metabolomics platform revealed associations of microbial catabolites of tryptophan and other amino acids with vitamin A status of undernourished pregnant women. These metabolites have been implicated in activation of intestinal immune cells and anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative functions. The results suggest novel mechanisms by which vitamin A may influence immune system and systemic homeostasis, prompting a need for confirmatory studies. Funding Sources The JiVitA-3 trial and micronutrient status assessments were funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (West, PI). Metabolomics analysis was funded from the NIH Common Fund Metabolomics Program (Sumner, PI).

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Islam, Md Zahirul, Md Mahbubur Rahman et Maj Azmery Hossain Moly. « Knowledge about Non-Communicable Diseases among Selected Urban School Students ». Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 15, n^o 1 (20 août 2020) : 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v15i1.48654.

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Introduction: The rise in the prevalence and significance of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is the result of complex interaction between health, economic growth and development. Knowledge about NCDs and appropriate practices related to NCDs are keys to its proper management. Objectives: To determine the level of knowledge about NCDs among the selected urban school students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of Adamjee Cantonment Public School & Shaheed Bir Bikram Ramiz Uddin Cantonment School of Dhaka Cantonment during 01 January 2017 to 31 December 2017. A total of 183 participants were selected by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer administered semi-structure questionnaires and SPSS version 22 used for data analysis. Simple descriptive statistics were used to describe the study variables. Inferential statistics were include, chi-square test, to find out any significant relationship between two qualitative variables. Results: Participants (n = 183) included 129 (70.49%) were male and 54 (29.51%) were female, aged between 13–19 years. Among 183 respondents, 106(57.9%) participants have good knowledge, 76(41.5%) participants had average knowledge and 1(0.5%) participant had poor knowledge. Level of knowledge had significant association with gender, age, education, father’s & mother’s occupational status, family income, physical activity, smoking & habit of taking hard drink. Conclusion: The knowledge and practices related to NCDs among the participants were good in certain aspects but poor in others, suggesting the need for programs on NCDs awareness. Comprehensive community based health education program about NCDs is necessary to improve this situation. Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.15 (1) 2019: 90-93

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Islam, Md Shariful. « The Community Development Library in Bangladesh ». Information Development 25, n^o 2 (mai 2009) : 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666909104711.

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Billah, Sk Masum, Nazia Binte Ali, Abdullah Nurus Salam Khan, Camille Raynes-Greenow, Patrick John Kelly, Md Shahjahan Siraj, Sufia Askari et al. « Factors influencing quality nutrition service provision at antenatal care contacts : Findings from a public health facility-based observational study in 21 districts of Bangladesh ». PLOS ONE 17, n^o 1 (27 janvier 2022) : e0262867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262867.

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Malnutrition during pregnancy is associated with increased maternal morbidity and mortality and has a long-term negative impact on child growth and development. Antenatal care (ANC) is the formal point of contact for pregnant women to receive preventive health and nutrition services. We assessed the quality of nutrition service delivery during ANC and examined its influencing factors related to the health facility, health care provider (HCP) and client characteristics. We conducted a cross-sectional assessment in 179 facilities, including 1,242 ANC observations and exit interviews of pregnant women from 21 districts in Bangladesh. We considered four essential nutrition services at each ANC contact including maternal weight measurement, anaemia assessment, nutrition counselling and iron-folic acid (IFA) supplement provision. We defined a composite ‘quality nutrition service’ outcome by counting the number of services (out of four) provided at each ANC from observation data. We explored both the supply-side and the client-level factors of quality nutrition service using multilevel Poisson regression. Overall, only 15% of clients received all four nutrition services. Performance of weight measurement (79%) was higher than IFA provision (56%), anaemia assessment (52%) and nutrition counselling (52%). The multivariable analysis showed that quality nutrition service delivery is positively associated with good logistical readiness of the facilities (aIRR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.08–1.39), consultation by paramedics (aIRR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.06–1.42) and community health care providers (aIRR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.12–1.57), HCPs’ knowledge on maternal nutrition (aIRR 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01–1.08), better HCP-client communication (aIRR 1.14; 95% CI: 1.04–1.26) and use visual aids or ANC card (aIRR 1.18; 95% CI: 1.11–1.27). We found limited associations between HCP training and external supervision with the quality of nutrition services. In conclusion, the quality of nutrition service provision during ANC is suboptimal. Public health nutrition programmers should ensure the facilities’ logistical readiness, and revisit and reinforce the content and modality of training and supportive supervision of the HCPs. They should also emphasize positive HCP-client communication and the use of job aids to improve the quality of nutrition service provision during ANC.

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Khan, Md Anowarul Arif, Md Mostafizur Rahman Khan, Mahmudul Hassan, Firoz Ahmed et Shah Md Rauful Haque. « Role of Community Radio for Community Development in Bangladesh ». International Technology Management Review 6, n^o 3 (2017) : 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/itmr.2017.6.3.3.

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kabir, Md Rezwanul. « Voluntarism and Sustainable Development in Bangladesh ». Addaiyan Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 2, n^o 10 (29 décembre 2020) : 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36099/ajahss.2.10.4.

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The aim of this paper is to examine that building safe, stronger, healthier, and sound communities are exhilarated by the process of sustainable community development work of which voluntarism is an integral part. In the key concepts to be discussed, this also emphasizes the significance of the indefatigable voluntary actions in all levels of policy-making procedures for sustainable community development in Bangladesh. This paper has been divided into four (04) key points: 1. The social, economic, and environmental values and the desire for a sustainable framework for community development in Bangladesh. 2. The significance of voluntarism towards the community and local development of Bangladesh. 3. Recorded histories that showcase the contribution volunteers are making to meet the goal for local and community development. 4. According to the policy relevance; the current scenario of voluntarism for community development.

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Mangla, Sherry, Fatima Tuz Zohra Makkia, Ashok Kumar Pathak, Renee Robinson, Nargis Sultana, Kranthi Swaroop Koonisetty, Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic et al. « COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Emerging Variants : Evidence from Six Countries ». Behavioral Sciences 11, n^o 11 (28 octobre 2021) : 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11110148.

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As the world tries to cope with the devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and emerging variants of the virus, COVID-19 vaccination has become an even more critical tool toward normalcy. The effectiveness of the vaccination program and specifically vaccine uptake and coverage, however, is a function of an individual’s knowledge and individual opinion about the disease and available vaccines. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and resulting community practice(s) associated with the new COVID-19 variants and vaccines in Bangladesh, Colombia, India, Malaysia, Zimbabwe, and the USA. A cross-sectional web-based Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) survey was administered to respondents living in six different countries using a structured and multi-item questionnaire. Survey questions were translated into English, Spanish, and Malay to accommodate the local language in each country. Associations between KAP and a range of explanatory variables were assessed using univariate and multiple logistic regression. A total of 781 responses were included in the final analysis. The Knowledge score mean was 24 (out of 46), Attitude score 28.9 (out of 55), and Practice score 7.3 (out of 11). Almost 65% of the respondents reported being knowledgeable about COVID-19 variants and vaccination, 55% reported a positive attitude toward available COVID-19 vaccines, and 85% reported engaging in practices that supported COVID-19 vaccination. From the multiple logistic models, we found post-graduate education (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.23–2.74) and an age range 45–54 years (AOR = 5.81, 95% CI: 2.30–14.69) to be significantly associated with reported COVID-19 knowledge. In addition, positive Attitude scores were associated with respondents living in Zimbabwe (AOR = 4.49, 95% CI: 2.04–9.90) and positive Practice scores were found to be associated with people from India (AOR = 3.68, 95% CI: 1.15–11.74) and high school education (AOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.07–4.38). This study contributes to the identification of socio-demographic factors associated with poor knowledge, attitudes, and practices relating to COVID-19 variants and vaccines. It presents an opportunity for collaboration with diverse communities to address COVID-19 misinformation and common sources of vaccine hesitancy (i.e., knowledge, attitudes, and practices).

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Islam, M. Rezaul. « Non-governmental organizations and community development in Bangladesh ». International Social Work 60, n^o 2 (10 juillet 2016) : 479–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872815574133.

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Despite significant contributions from non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in socio-economic development in Bangladesh, the evidence in community development is little known. The findings of this article are based on two NGOs working with two indigenous communities. The study used a qualitative case study research approach, where a multi-method data collection procedure was applied. The analysis of the findings underscored the role of these two NGOs in four ingredients of community development: improving participation, social networking, partnership and development ownership. The results showed that the NGOs’ contributions in community development were credible. The findings provide important guidelines for social workers, NGO workers and development practitioners.

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Haq, Mohamed K., et Assoc Prof Dr Valliappan Raju. « History of Sustainable Community Economic Development : A Descriptive Research ». 12th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 12, n^o 1 (8 octobre 2021) : 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2021.12(112).

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Sustainable Community Economic Development (SCED) has gradually been changing overtime from production philosophy to the welfare ideology of assuring better future for a resilient community. SCED's contribution in poverty alleviation, employment generation, sustainable community design, disaster control and resilience, biodiversity protection and so on. The study conducted a descriptive literature review of the history of this concept in global and Bangladesh perspective. Peer review publications in English language were considered that were indexed in reputed database like Scopus and Web of Science. The study designed two timelines of SCED concept evolution based on the information derived from the existing peer review publications. Both timelines (global and Bangladesh) were found interrelated in couple of points, especially the third phase of the global SCED connected with the first phase of Bangladesh's SCED timeline, immediately after the Liberation War. The study concluded that, SCED is an everchanging area of study and future research would reveal more sustainable features that would make the community sustainable and resilient. Keywords: Sustainable Community Economic Development (SCED), Bangladesh, NGOs, MFIs

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Kutubi, Shahnaz, et Md Reazul Haq. « A Study on Knowledge on Antenatal Care among Mothers Admitted in Obstetric Ward in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital ». Scholars International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, n^o 12 (30 décembre 2023) : 512–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijog.2023.v06i12.009.

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Introduction: Adequate prenatal treatment is crucial to supporting optimal fetal development, appropriate organogenesis, and a robust immune system in the infant. The nutritional status of the mother has a direct effect on both her own health and the health of her child. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Obstetric Ward in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital from January 2019 to April 2019, and a total of 150 admitted mothers from the Obstetric Ward enrolled in this study. The data was collected using a pretested, modified questionnaire. The data was inputted and analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) software, specifically version 23.0. The study gained ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Objective: The study aimed to assess the knowledge of antenatal care among mothers admitted to the obstetric ward at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital. Results: According to age distribution, 50%, 41.3%, and 8.7% of the respondents belonged to the age groups of 15–25 years, 26–35 years, and 36–45 years, respectively, with a mean age of 26.47 ± 5.652 years. According to the distribution by family type, the majority of the respondents (66%) belonged to the nuclear family and only 34% were in the joint family. The study revealed that the majority of the respondents (25.3%) education was primary, followed by 20% being SSC, 34.7% being HSC, 7.3% being graduates and only 12.7% being illiterate. According to the distribution by profession, 71.3 percent of respondents were housewives and the rest of them, 28.7%, were in service. According to the distribution by residence, most of the respondents (48.7%) were from finished buildings, 10.7% were from semi-pucca buildings and only 40.7% were from other types of residence. Most respondents (73.3%) used sanitary toilets and only 26.7% used non-sanitary toilets. Most of the respondents (82%) were Muslims, 9.3% were Hindus, 4.7% were Christians, 2.7% were Buddhists, and only 1.3% had other religions. Among the respondents, (32.7%) had antenatal clinics available in their community and 67.3% had no antenatal clinics in their community. The majority of the respondents (66%) received antenatal care during pregnancy and 34% did not receive any antenatal care during pregnancy. Most of the respondents (86%) knew that vaccination was important during pregnancy and 14% had no knowledge of the importance of vaccination during pregnancy. Among the respondents, (48.7%) had knowledge of four ANC visits and 51.3% had two visits. The majority of the respondents (82.7%) had a normal mode of delivery and 17.3% had a cesarean section. The majority of the respondents (86.7%) received ANC in the clinic and 13.3% at home. Most of the respondents (88.7%) were more than 18 years old while getting married and 11.3% were less than 18 years old. Most of the respondents (90%) were 20 years old at the birth of their first baby, while 10% were less than 20 years old. The majority of the respondents (61.3%) babies’ birth weight was more than 2.5 kg at birth and 38.7% of respondents’ babies' birth weight was less than 2.5 kg at birth. The majority of the respondents (85.3%) got information from an NGO or hospital, 66% from TV, 0.7% from radio, 1.3% from print media, 6% from billboards, and 21.3% from family physicians. Finally, this study revealed a statistically significant association between the respondent’s knowledge about the toxemia of pregnancy and the age of the respondents (P = 0.001), as well as a highly significant association between the respondent’s sex and the written protocol for universal precaution. (P=0.000). Conclusion: This study revealed that the level of knowledge of the participants regarding antenatal care was moderate. To improve this situation, there is an urgent need for multi-channel awareness.

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Afjal Hossain, Md, et Uchinlayen . « Rural Community-Based Tourism Development in Bangladesh : The Conceptual Issues ». International Journal of Engineering & ; Technology 7, n^o 2.29 (22 mai 2018) : 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.29.13657.

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The concept of rural tourism can revitalize the conventional concepts of tourism, and bring socio-economic and environmental well-being of the rural community ensuring sustainable development of a particular country. The aim of this paper is to identify the prospects and problems of rural community-based tourism development in Bangladesh. Rural tourism is one of the most promising tourism sectors in Bangladesh. It can bring economic, social and environmental benefits to the community people. Development of the rural tourism will have a significant impact on the GDP and employment opportunities for them who are involved in its development process. This paper finds out some barriers of rural community-based tourism development and provides some suggestions to overcome those challenges. For the development of this promising sector, it needs proper policy formation, infrastructure development, human resource development, enough investment for services and facilities in the destination areas, readiness of rural people to arrange tourism in their areas, public private partnership, sustainable tourism development guidelines, etc. Finally, this paper also looks into at how rural community people of Bangladesh can be involved in the development of tourism activities in their own areas.)

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Della Puppa, Francesco. « Italian-Bangladeshi in London. A community within a community ? » Migration Letters 18, n^o 1 (28 janvier 2021) : 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v18i1.1118.

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Based on a multi-sited ethnography in Italy and the United Kingdom, this contribution focuses on the onward migration of Italian-Bangladeshis to London, that is, Bangladeshi migrants who acquired EU citizenship in Italy and then moved to the British Capital. After the presentation of the reasons for this onward migration, the article will analyse the representation, constructed by the Italian-Bangladeshis interviewed in London, of the relationships between them (coming from different districts of Bangladesh) and the members of the “historical” British Bangladeshi community, in London since generations (originating primarily from the Bangladeshi district of Sylhet). Specifically, it will focus on the on mistrust – sometimes a fully-fledged hostility – between the two communities as it was narrated by the Italian-Bangladeshi respondents, framing it as a dichotomy between British citizens and (Southern) European citizens; as a wider dichotomy between residents of Bangladeshi origin in London, but originating from different regional contexts in Bangladesh; as an effect of the social stratification of the “Bangladeshi Diaspora” in the world.

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Rahman, Md Morshadur, et Md Akhtar Hossain. « Impact of Community Education on Antenatal Care Visits in Bangladesh : A Multilevel Analysis ». Dhaka University Journal of Science 67, n^o 1 (30 janvier 2019) : 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v67i1.54570.

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Antenatal care (ANC) utilization has a great role in reducing pregnancy-related complications and maternal mortality. Besides individual demographic and socio-economic factors, community characteristics can influence a mother‟s decision to seek antenatal care visits. This study makes an attempt to determine the influence of community education on adequate ANC visits in Bangladesh by using Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2014 data. Multilevel logistic regression model has been employed for the purpose of the analysis. Study findings showed a significant positive association of community education on adequate ANC visits. Other community and individual level covariates such as place of residence, region of residence, birth order, mother‟s age at birth, household wealth, media access, husband‟s education, decision making on health care also showed significant association with adequate ANC visits. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 67(1): 41-46, 2019 (January)

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Faroque, MAA, M. Asaduzamman et M. Hossain. « Sustainable Agricultural Development under Climate Change in Bangladesh ». Journal of Science Foundation 11, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2013) : 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v11i1.19396.

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Climate change is no more an environmental concern it has emerged as biggest developmental challenge for the most vulnerable Bangladesh. The whole international community is also scared of catastrophic adverse effects of future climatic changes on different spheres of man and nature, e.g. deglaciation and sea level changes, submergence of lands, nations and major coastal lowlands, atmospheric dynamics including evaporation and precipitation, global radiation balance, photosynthesis and ecological productivity, plant and animal community and many more. This paper tries to focus the adverse impacts of climatic changes on the crop production, food security, yield gap and sustainable agriculture by crop intensification and diversification. The impact of climate on agriculture could result in problems with food security and may threaten the livelihood activities upon which much of the population depends and thrives. Hilly committed research efforts showed technological progress as evidenced by release of 684 high yielding varieties of various crops and about 769 management technologies by NARS institutes, and universities. The greatest challenge for the future agriculture under climate change, we need improved and modified warning system, developed climate impact modules, build sufficient resilience of food system, comprehensive climate resilience strategies, develop database on climate. Also need top priority to mitigate the impact of climate change on agriculture through weather services, more research and extension service, agro advisories, insurance, community bank, intensify and diversify crop production system, modern high yielding varieties and management technologies for future sustainable agriculture.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsf.v11i1.19396

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Biswas, Soma Chowdhury, Md Abu Darda et Md Fasiul Alam. « Factors Affecting Childhood Immunisation in Bangladesh ». Pakistan Development Review 40, n^o 1 (1 mars 2001) : 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v40i1pp.57-70.

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This study has examined the coverage of childhood immunisation and tried to identify the factors affecting the acceptance of immunisation practice among children in Bangladesh using the data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 93-94. Results from multinomial logistic regression analysis indicate that education, occupation, household economic condition, mother’s age at birth, sex of child, mother’s TT immunisation acceptance, mother’s health facility visit, health worker’s visit to mothers, and contraceptive use are the independent variables that have statistically significant association with immunisation acceptance. The most important variable identified is the health worker’s visit to mothers.

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Hindley, Ann. « The UK Association of Community Workers ». Community Development Journal 30, n^o 2 (1995) : 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdj/30.2.211.

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Ahmed, Jashim Uddin, Sabrina Hoque, Rubaiyat-i-Siddique et Nazmul A. Khan. « Zinda Park : Rural Community Eco-park Complex in Bangladesh ». Vision : The Journal of Business Perspective 20, n^o 4 (30 novembre 2016) : 380–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972262916671469.

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The rural and natural areas are diminishing with the flow of urbanization. Villages are being turned into metropolitan areas. The case focuses on Zinda Park rural community eco-park complex which is located near the capital, Dhaka, close to Purbachal which is a government project of Rajdani Unnayan Kartripakka (RAJUK). With the wave of development, the Zinda village where the park is located along with the other surrounding villages is affected by urbanization. The park was built with the motive of social welfare and the development of the livelihood of the local people. The article discusses how the community works and helps the society by sharing a certain portion of revenue generated from the park. Its aim is to save the environment by developing the social condition of the villagers and this was achieved through the strong determination of the founder(s). RAJUK has been trying to acquire the park along with the village with the purpose of development; however, the locals have voiced strong protest against it. This article also explains how the Zinda community eco-park complex survived these difficulties with help of the villagers and other stakeholders.

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Talukder, Md Humayun Kabir, BH Nazma Yasmeen, Rumana Nazneen, Md Zakir Hossain et Ishrat Jahan Chowdhury. « Assessment of relevance and effectiveness of community health workforce (CHW) development system in Bangladesh ». Northern International Medical College Journal 5, n^o 2 (29 avril 2015) : 332–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/nimcj.v5i2.23129.

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Background : Community Health Workforce (CHW) development has a rich history in South East Asian Region (SEAR). The first Community Health Unit was established in Sri Lanka in 1926 and then practiced over many of the regional countries like, Thailand, Mayanmar and India. Community Health Workers are in the fore front workforce to bring about change through community health programmes to national levels. In Bangladesh, there are also different categories of health workforce serving in the health care delivery system.Objectives : To assess relevance and effectiveness of community health workforce (CHW) development system in Bangladesh.Methods : This cross sectional study was conducted from 1st November 2010-30th April 2011 by purposive sampling technique. Study population were directors, administrators, principals, teachers of different institutes/ organizations and community health workers working in different corners of Bangladesh. Study places were different divisional towns of Bangladesh. Previously developed questionnaire & checklist were used for the collection of data from the institutes/ organizations by data collectors. These data were edited, processed and was analysed by using SPSS soft ware and a small portion by manually. No strong ethical issues were involved in this activity.Results : Study revealed that all the respondents (100%) are in favour of production of CHW in Bangladesh through formal academic institutional or pre service education (61.4%) .Most of the respondents (56.8%) viewed that there are scopes of utilisation of produced CHW in rural areas and most of the respondents (63.6%) also viewed that terminal/marginalized/underprivileged peoples of hard to reach areas at least can be served by CHW. Regarding the competency of produced CHW few of the respondents (43.2%) viewed positively. Most of the respondents (86.4%) viewed that both govt. & non govt. sectors should produce CHW with a very good coordination and co-operation. Study revealed the institutional capacities or situations about physical facilities, ongoing course, audiovisual aids, library, manpower and assessment procedure.Conclusion : Study revealed that there is strong & logical relevance present for the production of CHW in Bangladesh. So the existing Human Resource for Health (HRH) policy is to be revised & revisited as a time felt need to develop more competent CHW for Bangladesh to serve the marginalized, terminal, people of remote, rural & hard to reach areas.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.5(2) 2014: 332-335

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Kabir Hassan, M., et Luis Renteria‐Guerrero. « The experience of the Grameen Bank of Bangladesh in community development ». International Journal of Social Economics 24, n^o 12 (décembre 1997) : 1488–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03068299710193949.

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Frings‐Hessami, Viviane, Md Khalid Hossain, Joy Bhowmik et Jemima Jahan Meem. « Development of a Recordkeeping Culture in Community‐Based Organisations in Bangladesh ». Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology 60, n^o 1 (octobre 2023) : 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pra2.777.

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ABSTRACTRecords play an important role in supporting business activities and in ensuring accountability in all types of organisations. However, recordkeeping research has mostly focused on the government sector and on large organisations. Little attention has been paid to small organisations which have limited resources to create and manage the records that they are required to produce and the records that could support their engagement in diversified activities. In this paper, we report the findings from 16 focus group discussions with community‐based organisations in Bangladesh which are in the process of transitioning from informal to registered organisations and, in order to do so, must formalise their recordkeeping practices. We discuss the recordkeeping needs and capabilities of these organisations and the recordkeeping problems that they are experiencing. We argue that it is important to support the development of a recordkeeping culture as part of capacity‐building in these organisations so that they can function effectively and be sustainable.

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Rana, Sohel, et Abdul Rahman. « Community-Based Disaster Risk Management : A Good Practice of Rural Bangladesh ». Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & ; Sociology 41, n^o 9 (9 août 2023) : 808–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i92107.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify the functionality of disaster risk management at community level focusing on a disaster-prone haor region of Bangladesh. We conducted this study in a rural haor area of Bangladesh having a fragile ecosystem. The data were collected through focus group discussion (FGD) with union council members of Itna union, Kishoreganj, Bangladesh to reach the purpose of this study. The results clarified that the although the union council members are aware of the institutional responsibility in relation to the disaster risk management at community level, but their functionality is still weak. Therefore, our policy implications drawn from the research suggest that more attention should be paid to the capacity development of union council members through the development of human capital in the region.

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Singh, Prashant Kumar. « China–Bangladesh Relations ». China Report 46, n^o 3 (août 2010) : 267–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000944551104600308.

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This article argues that the so-called Chinese string of pearls policy needs to be examined from the perspectives of those small countries of this maritime region that are said to be supporting Chinese strategic interests in the region by providing naval bases to China. Bangladesh neither has compelling strategic reasons to be part of an anti-India policy nor is its economy dependent only on the Chinese economy—a situation which could have pushed it into such a strategy. Therefore, apprehensions of the Indian strategic community of Sino-Bangladeshi relations constituting a larger anti-India design are somewhat misplaced. Bangladesh is likely to continue to pursue a policy of making best of its relations with both countries, even though an anti-India bias in certain sections of Bangladeshi society and politics will persist. In the post-Cold War, countries are focused on how to reap the dividends of economic globalisation and such hostile policies are anachronistic and counterproductive especially from the point of view of countries like Bangladesh that are small in terms of overall national capabilities. It is, therefore, argued that China–Bangladesh relations are flourishing in their own right, by and large free from the Indian shadow.

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Pray, C., N. Narula, E. C. Wong, J. K. Marshall, S. Rangarajan, S. Islam, A. Bahonar et al. « A176 ASSOCIATIONS OF ANTIBIOTICS, HORMONAL THERAPIES, ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES, AND LONG-TERM NSAIDS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE : RESULTS FROM THE PROSPECTIVE URBAN RURAL EPIDEMIOLOGY (PURE) STUDY ». Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 6, Supplement_1 (1 mars 2023) : 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwac036.176.

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Abstract Background The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is believed to involve activation of the intestinal immune system in response to the gut microbiome among genetically susceptible hosts. IBD has been historically regarded as a disease of developed nations, though in the past two decades there has been a reported shift in the epidemiological pattern of disease. High-income nations with known high prevalence of disease are seeing a stabilization of incident cases, while a rapid rise of incident IBD is being observed in developing nations. This suggests that environmental exposures may play a role in mediating the risk of developing IBD. The potential environmental determinants of IBD across various regions is vast, though medications have been increasingly recognized as one broad category of risk factors. Purpose Several medications have been considered to contribute to the etiology of IBD. This study assessed the association between medication use and risk of developing IBD using the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) cohort. Method This was a prospective cohort study of 133,137 individuals between the ages of 20-80 from 24 countries. Country-specific validated questionnaires documented baseline and follow-up medication use. Participants were followed prospectively at least every 3 years. The main outcome was development of IBD, including CD and UC. Short-term (baseline but not follow-up use) and long-term use (baseline and subsequent follow-up use) was evaluated. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Result(s) During the median follow-up of 11.0 years [interquartile range (IQR) 9.2-12.2], we recorded 571 incident cases of IBD (143 CD and 428 UC). Higher risk of incident IBD was associated with baseline antibiotic use [aOR: 2.81 (95% CI: 1.67-4.73), p=0.0001] and hormonal medication use [aOR: 4.43 (95% CI: 1.78-11.01), p=0.001]. Among females, previous or current oral contraceptive use was also associated with IBD development [aOR: 2.17 (95% CI: 1.70-2.77), p=5.02E-10]. NSAID users were also observed to have increased risk of IBD [aOR: 1.80 (95% CI: 1.23-2.64), p=0.002], which was driven by long-term users [aOR: 5.58 (95% CI: 2.26-13.80), p<0.001]. All significant results were consistent in direction for CD and UC with low heterogeneity. Conclusion(s) Antibiotics, hormonal medications, oral contraceptives, and long-term NSAID use were associated with increased odds of incident IBD after adjustment for covariates. Please acknowledge all funding agencies by checking the applicable boxes below Other Please indicate your source of funding below: Salim Yusuf is supported by the Heart & Stroke Foundation/Marion W. Burke Chair in Cardiovascular Disease. The PURE Study is an investigator-initiated study funded by the Population Health Research Institute, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario, support from CIHR’s Strategy for Patient Oriented Research (SPOR) through the Ontario SPOR Support Unit, as well as the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and through unrestricted grants from several pharmaceutical companies, with major contributions from AstraZeneca (Canada), Sanofi-Aventis (France and Canada), Boehringer Ingelheim (Germany and Canada), Servier, and GlaxoSmithkline, and additional contributions from Novartis and King Pharma and from various national or local organisations in participating countries; these include: Argentina: Fundacion ECLA; Bangladesh: Independent University, Bangladesh and Mitra and Associates; Brazil: Unilever Health Institute, Brazil; Canada: Public Health Agency of Canada and Champlain Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Network; Chile: Universidad de la Frontera; China: National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases; Colombia: Colciencias, grant number 6566-04-18062; India: Indian Council of Medical Research; Malaysia: Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation of Malaysia, grant numbers 100 -IRDC/BIOTEK 16/6/21 (13/2007) and 07-05-IFN-BPH 010, Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia grant number 600 -RMI/LRGS/5/3 (2/2011), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM-Hejim-Komuniti-15-2010); occupied Palestinian territory: the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, occupied Palestinian territory; International Development Research Centre, Canada; Philippines: Philippine Council for Health Research & Development; Poland: Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education grant number 290/W-PURE/2008/0, Wroclaw Medical University; Saudi Arabia: the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (research group number RG -1436-013); South Africa: the North-West University, SANPAD (SA and Netherlands Programme for Alternative Development), National Research Foundation, Medical Research Council of SA, The SA Sugar Association (SASA), Faculty of Community and Health Sciences (UWC); Sweden: grants from the Swedish state under the Agreement concerning research and education of doctors; the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation; the Swedish Research Council; the Swedish Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, King Gustaf V’s and Queen Victoria Freemasons Foundation, AFA Insurance, Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research, Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning, grant from the Swedish State under the Läkar Utbildnings Avtalet agreement, and grant from the Västra Götaland Region; Turkey: Metabolic Syndrome Society, AstraZeneca, Turkey, Sanofi Aventis, Turkey; United Arab Emirates (UAE): Sheikh Hamdan Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Award For Medical Sciences and Dubai Health Authority, Dubai UAE. Disclosure of Interest C. Pray: None Declared, N. Narula Grant / Research support from: Neeraj Narula holds a McMaster University Department of Medicine Internal Career Award. Neeraj Narula has received honoraria from Janssen, Abbvie, Takeda, Pfizer, Merck, and Ferring, E. C. Wong: None Declared, J. K. Marshall Grant / Research support from: John K. Marshall has received honoraria from Janssen, AbbVie, Allergan, Bristol-Meyer-Squibb, Ferring, Janssen, Lilly, Lupin, Merck, Pfizer, Pharmascience, Roche, Shire, Takeda and Teva., S. Rangarajan: None Declared, S. Islam: None Declared, A. Bahonar: None Declared, K. F. Alhabib: None Declared, A. Kontsevaya: None Declared, F. Ariffin: None Declared, H. U. Co: None Declared, W. Al Sharief: None Declared, A. Szuba: None Declared, A. Wielgosz: None Declared, M. L. Diaz: None Declared, R. Yusuf: None Declared, L. Kruger: None Declared, B. Soman: None Declared, Y. Li: None Declared, C. Wang: None Declared, L. Yin: None Declared, M. Erkin: None Declared, F. Lanas: None Declared, K. Davletov: None Declared, A. Rosengren: None Declared, P. Lopez-Jaramillo: None Declared, R. Khatib: None Declared, A. Oguz: None Declared, R. Iqbal: None Declared, K. Yeates: None Declared, Á. Avezum: None Declared, W. Reinisch Consultant of: Speaker for Abbott Laboratories, Abbvie, Aesca, Aptalis, Astellas, Centocor, Celltrion, Danone Austria, Elan, Falk Pharma GmbH, Ferring, Immundiagnostik, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Otsuka, PDL, Pharmacosmos, PLS Education, Schering-Plough, Shire, Takeda, Therakos, Vifor, Yakult, Consultant for Abbott Laboratories, Abbvie, Aesca, Algernon, Amgen, AM Pharma, AMT, AOP Orphan, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Avaxia, Roland Berger GmBH, Bioclinica, Biogen IDEC, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cellerix, Chemocentryx, Celgene, Centocor, Celltrion, Covance, Danone Austria, DSM, Elan, Eli Lilly, Ernest & Young, Falk Pharma GmbH, Ferring, Galapagos, Genentech, Gilead, Grünenthal, ICON, Index Pharma, Inova, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Pharma, Lipid Therapeutics, LivaNova, Mallinckrodt, Medahead, MedImmune, Millenium, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Nash Pharmaceuticals, Nestle, Nippon Kayaku, Novartis, Ocera, Omass, Otsuka, Parexel, PDL, Periconsulting, Pharmacosmos, Philip Morris Institute, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, Prometheus, Protagonist, Provention, Robarts Clinical Trial, Sandoz, Schering-Plough, Second Genome, Seres Therapeutics, Setpointmedical, Sigmoid, Sublimity, Takeda, Therakos, Theravance, Tigenix, UCB, Vifor, Zealand, Zyngenia, and 4SC, Advisory board member for Abbott Laboratories, Abbvie, Aesca, Amgen, AM Pharma, Astellas, Astra Zeneca, Avaxia, Biogen IDEC, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Cellerix, Chemocentryx, Celgene, Centocor, Celltrion, Danone Austria, DSM, Elan, Ferring, Galapagos, Genentech, Grünenthal, Inova, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Pharma, Lipid Therapeutics, MedImmune, Millenium, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, MSD, Nestle, Novartis, Ocera, Otsuka, PDL, Pharmacosmos, Pfizer, Procter & Gamble, Prometheus, Sandoz, Schering-Plough, Second Genome, Setpointmedical, Takeda, Therakos, Tigenix, UCB, Zealand, Zyngenia, and 4SC, P. Moayyedi: None Declared, S. Yusuf: None Declared

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Shahin, Md, Maruf Billah, Md Mozahidul Islam, Ahmed Parvez et A. K. M. Mostafa Zaman. « Cyclone shelters need sustainable development ». International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 11, n^o 5 (15 mai 2020) : 659–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-12-2015-0061.

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Purpose The coastal zone of Bangladesh that is in the front line of the battle against climate change faced over 200 natural disasters in the past 40 years, and most of the disasters were cyclones. The inevitable cyclone shelter (CS), the backbone of disaster management (DM), provides short-term safety for the disaster victims in Bangladesh. This study aims to explore the community-based limitations and sustainable development features of CSs including the gender issues. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire survey was carried out among 230 community people to identify the requirements and sustainable development features of CSs. A field visit was carried out in 23 CSs to capture its existing facilities. Key informant interviews were conducted in the office of Upazila Engineers to strengthen survey data. Findings This research found that the plan of CSs, quality of construction, capacity, facilities, entrance and exit, space allocation, management and policy were not capable enough to fulfill the needs and requirements of the community people. Due to lack of separate facilities, women and girls avoided shelters for fear of sexual and mental harassment in CSs, as they had experiences in the earlier events of cyclones. Insufficient facilities discourage community from using the shelters. Research limitations/implications Women and girls were shy to share their experience in CSs. The historical data were limited in the study area. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research presents the actual community-based outcome. During CCRIP training program, the authors met 3,625 community people, and participatory discussions were made to explore the participants’ experiences and perceptions about the sustainable development of CSs. Practical implications South-Asian coastal zones are prone to natural, quasi-natural hazard and disasters, where shelters are required for protecting lives of community people during such disasters such as cyclones, storm surges, and floods. Therefore, this study can help in making sustainable development decisions in terms of constructing shelters in disaster-prone countries like Bangladesh. Social implications The outcomes of this investigation are useful for uplifting psychosocial status to protect lives during disasters such as cyclones, storm surges and floods and increase accessibility to shelters, and users will consider CSs as a social asset. In turn, the acceptability of CSs into community level are expected to be increased for combating against cyclones, storm surges, and floods. Originality/value This study introduces the bottom-up approach that refers to the community-based decision-making to identify the limitations and sustainable improvement of CSs. This research contributes to bridging the gaps between decision-makers and users of CSs. From the authors’ field experience, it can be said that this is the first fieldwork regarding the objectives.

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Mia, Md Nasir, Lisa Mani, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Md Noor Uddin Milon et Rashed Hossain. « Gravitating towards Community Based Tourism (CBT) : Community Empowerment and Reducing Poverty in Tourism Sector Development in Bangladesh ». International Journal of Religion 5, n^o 6 (1 mai 2024) : 848–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/e1zchv24.

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Community-based tourism (CBT) offers a promising opportunity for sustainable growth in Bangladesh's tourism industry by utilizing local resources and involving communities in tourism-related activities. This research evaluates the possible advantages and difficulties linked to adopting CBT in Bangladesh. The study conducts an extensive analysis of existing literature and field investigations to identify the primary elements that impact the progress of CBT activities in the country. This study employs a qualitative approach, primarily relying on both primary and secondary data. The researchers have gathered data through the utilization of a primary data Google Form. The analysis is performed using SPSS 25 and MS Excel 2019 to provide the findings of this study. Three mountainous regions are suitable for implementing CBT, and the destination management organization (DMO) can assist in its implementation. The null hypothesis (H0) for these independent variables is statistically rejected at a significance level of 0.05. This demonstrates their significant impact on the development and promotion of sustainable destinations in Bangladesh. The model's fitness, as indicated by a R value of 78.5%, demonstrates a strong correlation between the independent and dependent variables based on the data collected from the respondents and analyzed using SPSS.

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Tarik-ul-Islam, Md, et Sara Ferdousi. « Renewable Energy Development – Challenges for Bangladesh ». Energy & ; Environment 18, n^o 3-4 (juillet 2007) : 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830507781076149.

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In Bangladesh, annual per capita energy consumption is approximately 200 KgOE3, which is among the lowest in the world. Presently, 70% of the population does not have access to electricity in Bangladesh (GoB, 2004). The average system loss is 20.97% (GoB, 2006). The demand for power is estimated to increase 300 MW annually (GoB, 1996a). In contrast, concerns have been raised about the conventional energy production from fossil fuels that significantly contributes to environmental degradation at the local, regional and global levels. This situation calls for adoption of sustainable energy strategies that permeate every level of the economy and can provide rural dwellers with the services that they want and need. With this backdrop, Bangladesh has been experiencing a gradual shift towards exploring renewable energy resources as a means to fuel rural development in the off-grid areas. The country is endowed with abundant renewable energy resources. The Local Government Engineering Department (LGED), with its mandate for sustainable rural development has embarked on a program for demonstration and transfer of renewable energy technologies in the off-grid rural areas. The project “Sustainable Rural Energy (SRE)‘ has been conceived within the overall framework of ‘Sustainable Environment Management Programme (SEMP)’ with financial support from United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). This project has already completed a number of renewable energy installations demonstrating diversified community applications of these technologies for livelihood and socio-economic improvement of the people living in the remote off-grid villages. The lessons learned from these demonstration plants reveal that, with careful forward planning, renewable energy can provide far-reaching economic and social benefits to people living in remote rural areas in Bangladesh. The private sectors and NGOs (Non-government organizations) have started to take part in the process of renewable energy development with great promise and enthusiasm. However, the process encounters policy, institutional and technological barriers, which are critical for continued development in this sector.

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Khondker, Habibul Haque. « Women and Floods in Bangladesh ». International Journal of Mass Emergencies & ; Disasters 14, n^o 3 (novembre 1996) : 281–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072709601400302.

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This paper examines the consequences of a flood disaster on rural women in northern Bangladesh. Based on fieldwork. it is argued that floods affect rural women more adversely than rural men. Floods destroy the household resources undermining the economic well-being of rural women. Researchers and authorities in charge of rehabilitation have not paid enough attention to the uneven impact of flood disasters on gender groups. Women are rarely involved in the decision-making process regarding disaster response. The lack of participation of women in particular and the local community in general in the planning and execution of counterdisaster plans insure that such issues are not noticed. Bureaucratic disaster respondents to he short term in its scope and fails to link disaster response and rehabilitation with development activities. Various nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) operating in the rural Bangladesh seem to have closer ties with the local community and a better understanding of the linkage between rehabilitation and development. However, because of the limited scope of their operations and constraints of resources, the influence of these NGOs are not sustainable. The rural women cope on their own. The status quo ante is achieved, a continuation of impoverished existence which makes them vulnerable to the next flooding or other such disasters. Successful counterdisaster strategies need to take gender dimension into account and link crisis response and rehabilitation strategies to development initiatives. This would entail participation of women in counterdisaster plans and assuring the economic well-being of rural women.

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Dempster, J. I. M., et H. Brammer. « Flood Action Plan – Bangladesh ». Outlook on Agriculture 21, n^o 4 (décembre 1992) : 301–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709202100409.

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Situated on the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers, with a monsoonal climate and at the mercy of tropical cyclones that sweep up from the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh has had no alternative but to live and cope with floods. However, it took the two major floods of 1987 and 1988 to mobilize the Government and the donor community into making a major effort to look for a permanent solution to Bangladesh's chronic flood problem. This paper describes the planning and development of the Flood Action Plan that resulted.

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Banik, Goutom, Tapas Mazumder, Abu Bakkar Siddique, A. F. M. Azim Uddin, Shams El Arifeen, Janet Perkins et Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman. « Taking a Pulse on Community Participation in Maternal Health through Community Clinics in Bangladesh ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, n^o 3 (27 janvier 2023) : 2271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032271.

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Bangladesh started institutionalising community participation by setting-up community clinics (CCs) during the mid-90 s. This paper presents the genealogy of CCs, the community participation mechanism embedded within CCs, and the case of 54 CCs in Brahmanbaria, through the lens of maternal health. We undertook a desk review to understand the journey of CCs. In 2018, we assessed the accessibility, readiness and functionality of CCs, and a household survey to know recently delivered women’s perceptions of CC’s community groups (CGs) and community support groups (CSGs). We performed multiple logistic regression to determine the association between the functionality of these groups and women’s perception regarding these groups’ activities on maternal health. The integration of community participation involving CCs started to roll out through the operationalisation of the Health and Population Sector Programme 1998–2003. In 2019, 13,907 CCs were operational. However, per our CC assessment, their accessibility and readiness were moderate but there were gaps in the functionality of the CCs. The perception of women regarding these groups’ functionality was significantly better when the group members met regularly. The gaps in CCs are primarily induced by the shortcomings of its community participation model. Proper understanding is needed to address this problem which has many facets and layers, including political priorities, expectations, and provisions at a local level.

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