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1
Gingras, Sophie. « Béatrice GALLINON-MÉLÉNEC (dir.), Homme/Animal : Quelles relations ? Quelles communications ? » Communication, Vol. 25/1 (15 novembre 2006) : 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/communication.322.
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Doronina, T. V., et E. V. Arcishevskaya. « The Relationship of the Social Needs of a Person and the Reasons Underlying the Decision to Become the Owner of a Pet ». Experimental Psychology (Russia) 13, no 4 (2020) : 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2020130409.
Résumé :
The article presents data from a study whose purpose was to establish whether there is a connection between the needs of a person in communicating with other people and the reasons for which he gets a pet, and also to determine whether there are differences in interpersonal needs in people who voluntarily and happily become the owner of a home animal and those who do not see themselves as owners. To determine the main reasons underlying the interaction of humans with animals, an author’s questionnaire was developed. As a result of mathematical data processing, significant relationships were established between different types of social needs and the reasons for animal ownership. In addition, the differences between the social needs of those who cannot imagine their life without pets and those who do not see themselves as owners of animals were analyzed.
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Bhatia, Munish, Sandeep K. Sood et Ankush Manocha. « Fog-inspired smart home environment for domestic animal healthcare ». Computer Communications 160 (juillet 2020) : 521–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2020.07.004.
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Harden, RH. « The Ecology of the Dingo in North-Eastern New South Wales I. Movements and Home Range ». Wildlife Research 12, no 1 (1985) : 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9850025.
Résumé :
During 1970-74, radio transmitters were attached to five adult and four juvenile dingoes trapped on the escarpment 50 km east ofArmidale, N.S.W. These animals were radio-tracked for a total of 515 (10-83) days, and 4058 fixes (6-1248 per animal) were obtained. Some of the animals were tracked almost continuously for periods of 100 h. The dingoes exhibited two types of movement: one, dubbed searching movement, appeared to be associated with hunting; the other, dubbed exploratory movement, was used when shifting the hunting locality and in traverses of the home range. These traverses are postulated to be related to maintaining communication between animals. The dingoes were active throughout the day with peaks of activity at dawn and dusk. The distances travelled per hour in the diurnal and nocturnal periods were equal. Activity periods were short (65% <1 hour) and interspersed with shorter rest periods. During the radio-tracking period, the average home range of adults was 2700 ha. There was evidence that this size of range did not increase over periods longer than the radio-tracking. The implications of this for control programs are discussed.
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Potts, Jonathan R., et Mark A. Lewis. « How memory of direct animal interactions can lead to territorial pattern formation ». Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13, no 118 (mai 2016) : 20160059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0059.
Résumé :
Mechanistic home range analysis (MHRA) is a highly effective tool for understanding spacing patterns of animal populations. It has hitherto focused on populations where animals defend their territories by communicating indirectly, e.g. via scent marks. However, many animal populations defend their territories using direct interactions, such as ritualized aggression. To enable application of MHRA to such populations, we construct a model of direct territorial interactions, using linear stability analysis and energy methods to understand when territorial patterns may form. We show that spatial memory of past interactions is vital for pattern formation, as is memory of ‘safe’ places, where the animal has visited but not suffered recent territorial encounters. Additionally, the spatial range over which animals make decisions to move is key to understanding the size and shape of their resulting territories. Analysis using energy methods, on a simplified version of our system, shows that stability in the nonlinear system corresponds well to predictions of linear analysis. We also uncover a hysteresis in the process of territory formation, so that formation may depend crucially on initial space-use. Our analysis, in one dimension and two dimensions, provides mathematical groundwork required for extending MHRA to situations where territories are defended by direct encounters.
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Bettany, Shona M., et Ben Kerrane. « Figuring the pecking order ». European Journal of Marketing 52, no 12 (12 novembre 2018) : 2334–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejm-10-2017-0749.
Résumé :
PurposeUsing the family activity of hobby stock-keeping (“petstock”) as a context, this paper aims to extend singularization theory to model the negotiations, agencies and resistances of children, parents and petstock, as they work through how animals become food within the boundaries of the family home. In doing so, the authors present an articulation of this process, deciphering the cultural biographies of petstock and leading to an understanding of the emergent array of child animal food-product preferences.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from petstock-keeping parents through a mixture of ethnographic, in-depth interviewing and netnographic engagements in this qualitative, interpretive study; with parents offering experiential insights into animal meat and food-product socialization behaviours played out within the family environments.FindingsThe findings discuss the range of parental behaviours, motivations and activities vis-à-vis petstock, and their children’s responses, ranging from transgression to full compliance, in terms of eating home-raised animal food-products. The discussion illustrates that in the context of petstock, a precocious child food preference agency towards animal meat and food products is reported to emerge.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has empirical and theoretical implications for the understanding of the development of child food preference agency vis-à-vis animal food products in the context of family petstock keeping.Practical implicationsThe research has the potential to inform policy makers around child education and food in regard to how child food preferences emerge and can inform marketers developing food-based communications aimed at children and parents.Originality/valueTwo original contributions are presented: an analysis of the under-researched area of how children’s food preferences towards eating animal food products develop, taking a positive child food-choice agency perspective, and a novel extension of singularization theory, theorizing the radical transformation, from animal to food, encountered by children in the petstock context.
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Labinskyi, A. I., M. R. Hrytsyna, B. V. Gutyj et H. B. Labinska. « Animal therapy as a promising direction of human rehabilitation treatment ». Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 21, no 92 (11 mai 2019) : 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-e9227.
Résumé :
Animals therapy is one of the types of therapy, which includes the use of animals as a means of treatment. The purpose of such therapy is to improve the patient's social, emotional, or cognitive functions. It is distinguished directed animal therapy (the use of specially trained animals for developed therapeutic programs) and non-directional (interaction with animals at home). Animal therapy methods, in contrast to other rehab techniques, allow not only to reduce muscle tone, increase the volume of passive movements, acquire new active motor skills, and, in addition to kinesiological rehabilitation effects, is intended to perform the following functions: psycho-physiological function; psychotherapeutic function; rehabilitation function; function of satisfaction of the need for competence; self-realization function; communication function. Hypotherapy is one of the most effective methods of animal therapy. The restorative effect of horse riding for patients is based on the use of the function of motion, which has for man not only biological, but also social significance. Hippotherapy combines kinesitherapy, physiotherapy, cognitive action on the emotions and the psyche of the patient, contributes to the destruction of pathological efferent impulses. Dolphin therapy for the rehabilitation of children with post-traumatic stress syndrome, depression, emotional disorders, diseases of the locomotorium, etc., is actively developing in many countries, especially in the coastal countries, including Ukraine, since the 70s of the last century. The positive effect of felinotherapy in children with enuresis, logoneurosis, neurasthenia was established. Felinotherapy helps to lower blood pressure, normalizes the work of the heart, relieves articular and headaches. Cats accelerate recovery after injuries, cure internal inflammatory diseases. Canisterapy (treatment by dogs) is indicated for gout, rheumatism, liver and bladder disorders. In canisterapy, the breeds of companion dogs are most often used: labradors, collie, pugs etc. In addition to the described methods, there are still many methods of animal therapies. These are human contacts with reptiles, a dream on bees of honey bees, and others.
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Rodrigo-Claverol, Maylos, Belén Malla-Clua, Carme Marquilles-Bonet, Joaquim Sol, Júlia Jové-Naval, Meritxell Sole-Pujol et Marta Ortega-Bravo. « Animal-Assisted Therapy Improves Communication and Mobility among Institutionalized People with Cognitive Impairment ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no 16 (14 août 2020) : 5899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165899.
Résumé :
Disorders of communication, social relationships, and psychomotricity are often characterized by cognitive impairment, which hinders daily activities and increases the risk of falls. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an animal-assisted therapy (AAT) program in an institutionalized geriatric population with cognitive impairment. The variables evaluated included level of communication and changes in gait and/or balance. We performed a two-arm, parallel controlled, open-label, nonrandomized cluster clinical trial in two nursing home centers from an urban area. Patients in the two centers received 12 weekly sessions of physiotherapy, but the experimental group included AAT with a therapy dog. The study included a total of 46 patients (23 Control Group [CG], 23 Experimental Group [EG]) with a median age of 85.0 years. Of these, 32.6% had mild–moderate cognitive decline (Global Deterioration Scale of Reisberg [GDS] 2–4) and 67.4% severe cognitive decline (GDS 5–6). After the intervention, patients in the CG and EG showed a statistically significant improvement in all the response variables. When comparing both groups, no statistically significant differences were found in any of the Tinetti scale results (measuring gait and balance). However, the communication of patients in the EG, measured on the Holden scale, showed a statistically significant greater improvement postintervention than that of patients in the CG. AAT can be useful as a complementary, effective treatment for patients with different degrees of cognitive decline.
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Narvaes, Patrícia, et Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues. « Visual communication, reproductive behavior, and home range of Hylodes dactylocinus (Anura, Leptodactylidae) ». Phyllomedusa : Journal of Herpetology 4, no 2 (1 décembre 2005) : 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v4i2p147-158.
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Levine, Katrina, Ashley Chaifetz et Benjamin Chapman. « Evaluating food safety risk messages in popular cookbooks ». British Food Journal 119, no 5 (2 mai 2017) : 1116–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-02-2017-0066.
Résumé :
Purpose Medeiros et al. (2001) estimate 3.5 million cases of foodborne illness in the USA annually are associated with inadequate cooking of animal foods or cross-contamination from these foods. Past research shows home food handling practices can be risk factors for foodborne illness. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the communication of food safety guidance, specifically safe endpoint temperatures and cross-contamination risk reduction practices, in popular cookbook recipes. Design/methodology/approach Recipes containing raw animal ingredients in 29 popular cookbooks were evaluated through content analysis for messages related to safe endpoint temperature recommendations and reducing cross-contamination risks. Findings Of 1,749 recipes meeting study criteria of cooking raw animal ingredients, 1,497 contained a raw animal that could effectively be measured with a digital thermometer. Only 123 (8.2 percent) of these recipes included an endpoint temperature, of which 89 (72.3 percent) gave a correct temperature. Neutral and positive food safety behavior messages were provided in just 7.2 percent (n=126) and 5.1 percent (n=90) of recipes, respectively. When endpoint temperatures were not included, authors often provided subjective and risky recommendations. Research limitations/implications Further research is needed on the effect of these results on consumer behavior and to develop interventions for writing recipes with better food safety guidance. Practical implications Including correct food safety guidance in cookbooks may increase the potential of reducing the risk of foodborne illness. Originality/value Popular cookbooks are an underutilized avenue for communicating safe food handling practices and currently cookbook authors are risk amplifiers.
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E Kolenbrander, Paul, Patricia I Diaz, Nicholas S Jakubovics, Alexander H Rickard, Natalia I Chalmers et Robert J Palmer Jr. « The Great Bacterial Reef : Communication and development in human oral bacterial biofilms ». Microbiology Australia 26, no 3 (2005) : 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma05130.
Résumé :
Consider that The Great Barrier Reef is home to thousands of species of plants and animals with spatiotemporally predictable fish communities on coral reefs, and compare this with the fact that human oral bacteria develop spatiotemporally predictable dental plaque communities on enamel after each oral hygiene procedure. This reassembling of oral bacterial communities over a time interval of only a few hours offers an opportunity to investigate the role of communication in community architecture and composition.
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Cline, Martha G., Kara M. Burns, Jason B. Coe, Robin Downing, Tiffany Durzi, Maryanne Murphy et Valerie Parker. « 2021 AAHA Nutrition and Weight Management Guidelines for Dogs and Cats ». Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 57, no 4 (1 juillet 2021) : 153–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-7232.
Résumé :
ABSTRACT The guidelines discuss the components of a systematic approach to nutritional management of dogs and cats. A nutritional assessment, including a body condition score and muscle condition score, is a screening evaluation that should ideally be performed at every examination. Individualized nutritional recommendations, based on the nutritional assessment, should be designed to achieve and maintain an appropriate body weight and meet nutritional requirements. Communicating nutritional recommendations to clients is a challenging aspect of nutritional management because pet owners may interpret the practice team’s guidance as advocacy for a particular pet food brand or a judgment of the client’s ability to properly care for the pet or of the owner’s own nutritional status. The guidelines discuss approaches for effective, nonjudgmental communication of dietary recommendations to clients and strategies to increase acceptance of and adherence to veterinary nutrition recommendations. Other pet nutrition topics of current interest include recommendations for particular pet life stages, breeds, and disease conditions; risk factors for nutritional deficiencies and obesity; and considerations for home-prepared diets.
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Waiblinger, Susanne, Kathrin Wagner, Edna Hillmann et Kerstin Barth. « Short- and long-term effects of rearing dairy calves with contact to their mother on their reactions towards humans ». Journal of Dairy Research 87, S1 (août 2020) : 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029920000576.
Résumé :
AbstractIn this Research Communication we address the hypotheses that reduced contact with humans during the first week of life would impair the relationship of dairy calves reared in dam-calf-contact systems to humans in comparison with artificially reared animals, but that this difference would vanish over time. Artificially reared calves (Artificial) that had been separated from their mother within 12 h after birth were bottle-fed with colostrum for 5 d and thereafter sucked milk from an automatic milk feeder. Animals reared with dam-calf contact (Dam-contact) were kept in the calving pen with their dam for 5 d, and then had permanent access to the cow barn and thus to their dam. Calves were weaned at an age of 12 weeks and kept in young stock groups mixed of both treatments until integration into the cow herd. We tested the animals’ relationship with humans by assessing the animals' responses towards an unfamiliar person in an avoidance distance (AD) test in the home environment at 4 weeks of age, at 15 months and at 33 months. In calves, we additionally measured AD in a novel arena after a stationary person test. Artificial animals had lower AD, i.e. showed lower level of fear, than Dam-contact calves. However, the AD in Dam-contact calves decreased with increasing number of days they experienced assistance for suckling. Further, there was no significant difference in later ages. In conclusion, gentle human contact in combination with feeding during the first 5 d of life improved calves' relationship to humans leading to differences between the two treatments as well as within the Dam-contact calves. Potential effects under different conditions regarding quantity and quality of human-animal interactions need further research.
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TSUJI, YAMATO, BAMBANG PRAYITNO, TAKAFUMI TATEWAKI et KANTHI ARUM WIDAYATI. « Short Communication : A report on ranging behavior of Malayan flying lemurs, Galeopterus variegatus, in West Indonesia : Relationships with habitat characteristics ». Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 20, no 2 (21 janvier 2019) : 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200218.
Résumé :
Tsuji Y, Prayitno B, Tatewaki T, Widayati KA, Suryobroto B. 2019. Short Communication: A report on ranging behavior of Malayan flying lemurs, Galeopterus variegatus, in West Indonesia: Relationships with habitat characteristics. Biodiversitas 20: 430-435. We attached GPS telemeters to wild Malayan flying lemurs, or colugos (Galeopterus variegatus) (n = 3, one adult male, one adult female, one juvenile male) in Pangandaran Nature Reserve, West Java, Indonesia in August 2018, to preliminary evaluate their home range size and characteristics, paying special attention to relationships with forest structure. Home range sizes, generated from location points collected from 4 to 11 days, ranging from 1.2 to 5.4 ha (based on minimum convex polygon method) or from 1.3 to 4.2 ha (95% Kernel), which is much larger than home ranges of colugos inhabiting palm plantations. The home range sizes of adult colugos were larger than that of juvenile. The home ranges of an adult female and a juvenile overlapped. The generalized linear model demonstrated that the locations where the colugos stayed frequently possessed a small number of trees and/or had a single taller tree, and these effects were stronger than other factors. The home range preferences of colugos seem to be related to gliding effectiveness and/or predator avoidance. The mean gliding distances were 33 m, but sometimes reached > 250 m, and there were no significant differences among animals. Night time gliding frequency showed no clear difference between time periods. We confirmed the effectiveness of GPS telemetry for tracking colugo movements.
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Fried-Oken, Melanie, Darlene Daniels, Olivia Ettinger, Aimee Mooney, Glory Noethe et Charity Rowland. « What's on Your Mind ? Conversation Topics Chosen by People With Degenerative Cognitive-Linguistic Disorders for Communication Boards ». American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 24, no 2 (mai 2015) : 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_ajslp-14-0057.
Résumé :
Purpose Conversational topics chosen by a group of adults with degenerative cognitive-linguistic disorders for personalized communication board development were examined. The patient-generated themes commonly selected are presented to guide treatment planning and communication board development. Method Communication boards were created for 109 adults as part of a larger research project. One autobiographical topic that each participant would enjoy discussing multiple times was represented on each communication board with 16 pictures and word labels. For this review, topics were collapsed into general themes through a consensus process and examined by gender and age. Results Sixty unique conversational topics were identified from 109 participants and collapsed into 9 general themes: Hobbies, Family, Travel, Work, Home/Places I've Lived, Sports/Fitness, Religion, Animals, and World War II. Age and gender produced variations in themes chosen, though no significance in rank orders was found across groups. Conclusions Topics selected by adults with degenerative cognitive-linguistic disorders for communication boards resemble common conversational adult themes and do not center around basic needs or medical issues. Differences in gender and age for topic selection tend to be based on traditional roles. These general themes should be used when creating personalized communication boards for those who benefit from conversational aids.
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Grubb, Tamara, Jennifer Sager, James S. Gaynor, Elizabeth Montgomery, Judith A. Parker, Heidi Shafford et Caitlin Tearney. « 2020 AAHA Anesthesia and Monitoring Guidelines for Dogs and Cats* ». Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 56, no 2 (1 mars 2020) : 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-7055.
Résumé :
ABSTRACT Risk for complications and even death is inherent to anesthesia. However, the use of guidelines, checklists, and training can decrease the risk of anesthesia-related adverse events. These tools should be used not only during the time the patient is unconscious but also before and after this phase. The framework for safe anesthesia delivered as a continuum of care from home to hospital and back to home is presented in these guidelines. The critical importance of client communication and staff training have been highlighted. The role of perioperative analgesia, anxiolytics, and proper handling of fractious/fearful/aggressive patients as components of anesthetic safety are stressed. Anesthesia equipment selection and care is detailed. The objective of these guidelines is to make the anesthesia period as safe as possible for dogs and cats while providing a practical framework for delivering anesthesia care. To meet this goal, tables, algorithms, figures, and “tip” boxes with critical information are included in the manuscript and an in-depth online resource center is available at aaha.org/anesthesia.
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Escribá-Pérez, C., A. Baviera-Puig, L. Montero-Vicente et J. Buitrago-Vera. « Children's consumption of rabbit meat ». World Rabbit Science 27, no 3 (30 septembre 2019) : 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2019.11991.
Résumé :
<p>The nutritional and dietary properties of rabbit meat make it an ideal food for children, recommended by the World Health Organisation. However, the presence of children under 18 in the home has been found to decrease the frequency of rabbit meat consumption. If we focus on households with children under 18, 52.5% of minors do not consume rabbit meat. The main reason why children (intended as people under 18 yr old) do not consume rabbit meat is the fact that they do not like it (40.9%) and because it is not bought/eaten at home (30.9%). Faced with this situation, there is a pressing need to seek appropriate strategies to adapt rabbit meat for consumption by the youngest family members. In light of the results, the following strategies are proposed. First, the development of functional foods for babies and children, such as rabbit meat enriched with ω3 and docosahexaenoic acid. Secondly, improving meat tenderness. Third, adapting rabbit meat presentations for children (burgers, nuggets, sausages, marinades …), converting them into convenience products for parents and extending their shelf life. Fourth, adapting the labelling/packaging for children to attract attention of both parents and offspring. Finally, developing communication strategies on the nutritional value of rabbit meat aimed at both children and parents. It is observed that if minors consume rabbit meat, they also eat other types of meat such as lamb and beef more often. Therefore, in this type of households a varied and complete diet is consumed in terms of meat consumption, so it would be necessary to rethink joint communication strategies among the three meat sectors. Promoting rabbit meat consumption among the under 18s has several consequences, as in the future they will be in charge of household purchases or share this responsibility.</p>
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Wisspeintner, Thomas, Tijn van der Zant, Luca Iocchi et Stefan Schiffer. « RoboCup@Home ». Interaction Studies 10, no 3 (10 décembre 2009) : 392–426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.06wis.
Résumé :
Being part of the RoboCup initiative, the RoboCup@Home league targets the development and deployment of autonomous service and assistive robot technology being essential for future personal domestic applications. The domain of domestic service and assistive robotics implicates a wide range of possible problems. The primary reasons for this include the large amount of uncertainty in the dynamic and non-standardized environments of the real world, and the related human interaction. Furthermore, the application orientation requires a large effort towards high level integration combined with a demand for general robustness of the systems. This article details the need for interdisciplinary community effort to iteratively identify related problems, to define benchmarks, to test and, finally, to solve the problems. The concepts and the implementation of the RoboCup@Home initiative as a combination of scientific exchange and competition is presented as an effi cient method to accelerate and focus technological and scientific progress in the domain of domestic service robots. Finally, the progress in terms of performance increase in the benchmarks and technological advancements is evaluated and discussed. Keywords: Domestic Service Robotics, Application, Uncertainty, Benchmark, Competition, Human–Robot Interaction, RoboCup@Home
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Douglas, Cristina. « A World of Touch in a No-Touch Pandemic ». Anthropology in Action 28, no 1 (1 mars 2021) : 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/aia.2021.280102.
Résumé :
Touch is essential when living with dementia for communication and remaining connected with the world, and it is also unavoidable when performing body care. Thus, it is impossible to think of living and caring for people with dementia in the absence of touch. Drawing from my ethnographic fieldwork conducted with therapy animals and people living with dementia in Scottish care facilities, in this article I argue that the public health measures taken against the spread of COVID-19 infections need to be reimagined by taking into consideration the role of touch. Furthermore, I try to draw attention to the lessons that we should learn about touch and the role of intimate bodily entanglements in dementia care from the high COVID-19 death tolls amongst British care home residents.
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Biernat, Katarzyna, Alicja Idziaszek-Gonzalez, Konrad Nita et Stefan Wójtowicz. « MAGNETIC THERAPY : REMOTE CONTROLLING MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEM FOR MAGNETOTHERAPY ». Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 3, no 2 (16 mai 2013) : 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.1446.
Résumé :
Low-frequency magnetic therapy is already well established treatment of the vast range of diseases. The impact of low frequency magnetic field on human's and animals' bodies is the subject to research in many universities and medical centers. A portable microprocessor device "KTM" used in Pulsed Magnetic Field therapy has been developed at the Department of Measurement and Diagnostic Systems at the Electrotechnical Institute. Due to the device potential to use it for home therapy treatment there are new capabilities brought out e.g., increased accessibility, prolonged sessions, limited therapy costs, remote patient-doctor communication system. Magnetotherapy treatment can be an online monitored and controlled process. The device can be specified by low manufacturing and exploitation costs. Along with the "KTM" the specialized software for controlling several KTM devices from doctor's office has been created.
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Nomura, Tatsuya, Takayuki Kanda, Tomohiro Suzuki et Kensuke Kato. « Age differences and images of robots ». Interaction Studies 10, no 3 (10 décembre 2009) : 374–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.05nom.
Résumé :
In order to investigate the influence of participants’ age on their image of robots in Japan, a pilot research was completed by 371 visitors (male: 124, female: 246, age: from 2 to 80 years) at a robot exhibition held at a commercial facility in Japan, based on the questionnaire consisting of four open-ended questions. The comparison of younger (under 25 years), adult (26–50 years), and elderly groups (older than 51 years), found that: (1) in the younger age group, images of robots are ambiguous about near future assumptions, preferences, and antipathy, (2) the adult group assumes that communication robots will appear in the near future, but actually expects robots to function in non-communication tasks such as household duties and dangerous tasks, and experiences great anxiety and fear about social relationships between robots and humans, (3) the elderly group assumes that both communication and non-communication robots will appear in the near future, but actually expects robots to function in communication tasks such as service in public settings and providing care at home or in welfare facilities, and is very concerned about the physical and ecological damage that robots may cause. Although the pilot study had a problem of sample bias on participant selection and distributions of gender and age, it can lead to some predictions on social acceptance of robots in Japan. Keywords: Robots, images, age differences, social research
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Kennedy, Andrea. « The beauty of Victorian beasts : illustration in the Reverend J. G. Wood's Homes without hands (W. T. Stearn Prize 2012) ». Archives of Natural History 40, no 2 (octobre 2013) : 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2013.0168.
Résumé :
The Reverend John George Wood (1827–1889) was a successful popularizer of natural history in the Victorian era. His Illustrated natural history (1853) and Common objects series (1857–1858) have been written about extensively. However, historians have largely ignored his most successful book, Homes without hands, in spite of its exquisite designs and profound connections with natural domesticity. In addition, little research has been conducted on the illustrations that appear across Wood's publications, despite their great popularity during his lifetime. This article examines the creation, popularization and methods of communication of this beautiful natural history book. A work explicitly about animal dwellings, Homes without hands was exceedingly popular during its time, as will be shown through an analysis of previously unpublished impression and sales records from the Longman's publishing archive at Reading University. Furthermore, this article will reveal Wood's use of advanced methods in printing and engraving technologies, which made Homes without hands more accessible to the public, particularly through the use of electrotype. In addition, Wood adapted his illustrations for the sake of uniting pleasing aesthetics with scientific representations. Wood's proactive involvement in the illustrative processes of the book ensured that his vision was fully enacted in the final designs. There were elements of danger and domesticity present throughout Wood's work, which functioned as a method for enticing readership and communicating social and religious messages. This will be revealed through a close analysis of a few specific illustrations. Wood dynamically united illustration and text to create a useful domestic piece of natural history, for and about the home. This article seeks to combine methods of examination of both natural history illustration and literature through the investigation of a single book, to better communicate how works of Victorian natural history functioned as a whole.
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Goto, Shigeru, Toshiaki Nakano, Chao-Long Chen, King-Wah Chiu, Li-Wen Hsu et Seiko I. « Application of Artificial Sunlight for the Elderly as a Possible Environmental Nursing Practice ». POJ Nursing Practice & ; Research | Volume 2- Issue 1 – 2018 2, no 1 (1 février 2018) : 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32648/2577-9516/2/1/002.
Résumé :
Aging and aged societies have arrived in many countries where significant development of medicine and the economy has been achieved. Japan is a highly aged society with a shortage of carers both at home and in long-term care settings. In fact, more persons of advanced age who do not need intensive care in hospitals strongly desire health care to be delivered in their own home with their family. Environmental nursing practice, which means that nurses improve the environment of patients or the elderly properly in accordance with healthcare considerations, is currently playing a more important role, not only to prevent the elderly from contracting various diseases, but also to provide a facility for supporting an aged person to live a fulfilling life, preferably one that includes independence. This approach will lead to a reduction in medical expenditure by increasing the number of aged people with healthy longevity without the need for hospitalization or intensive care. This short communication focuses on healthy lighting for the elderly based on our research and experience regarding the beneficial effects of artificial sunlight on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), asthma and food allergy, and ulcerative colitis in experimental animal models and clinical settings. Then, we review other studies and discuss how artificial sunlight would be useful for the elderly as one of the environmental nursing practices. Keywords: Artificial Sunlight, Phototherapy, Elderly People, Environmental Nursing, Vitamin D
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Galvin, Megan K., et William B. Smith. « 420 Case study : Educational outreach as a component of graduate education ». Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (décembre 2019) : 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.367.
Résumé :
Abstract Graduate students are developing skills in scientific communication, research, and various other specified trainings. However, adequate resources for these students are not always available at their home institution. Educational outreach programs are often discussed in relation to secondary education. The potential to expand these types of programs to the post-secondary and graduate levels of education would represent a potential benefit to the students, scientists, and universities involved in the exchange. In such programs, graduate students would participate in an exchange with other universities to address deficits introduced by a lack of resources. This educational experience in a new setting would allow exposure to techniques and ideals otherwise inaccessible to the student. The objective of this observational case study was to evaluate the relevance and value of graduate exchange as an educational outreach model in graduate education. In this case study, a graduate student from Tarleton State University’s Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Technology was supported to study for a period of three weeks in the University of Georgia’s Parasitology Laboratory. This exchange was established to teach in vitro techniques related to the student’s graduate research. The student was able to gain valuable experience in laboratory techniques that aided in personal and professional growth while also expanding the capabilities of the home institution through training exercises conducted on return to campus. In addition to expansion of research capacity, the student was able to serve as an ambassador for the home institution, thereby enabling a more fluid exchange of ideas through student recruitment. Qualitative results from this case study would indicate that similar educational outreach opportunities are valuable components of graduate education and serve as an example for development in future graduate programs.
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Bonafede, Roberta, Ermanna Turano, Ilaria Scambi, Alice Busato, Pietro Bontempi, Federica Virla, Lorenzo Schiaffino, Pasquina Marzola, Bruno Bonetti et Raffaella Mariotti. « ASC-Exosomes Ameliorate the Disease Progression in SOD1(G93A) Murine Model Underlining Their Potential Therapeutic Use in Human ALS ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no 10 (21 mai 2020) : 3651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103651.
Résumé :
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive degeneration of motoneurons. To date, there is no effective treatment available. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that play important roles in intercellular communication, recapitulating the effect of origin cells. In this study, we tested the potential neuroprotective effect of exosomes isolated from adipose-derived stem cells (ASC-exosomes) on the in vivo model most widely used to study ALS, the human SOD1 gene with a G93A mutation (SOD1(G93A)) mouse. Moreover, we compared the effect of two different routes of exosomes administration, intravenous and intranasal. The effect of exosomes administration on disease progression was monitored by motor tests and analysis of lumbar motoneurons and glial cells, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. Our results demonstrated that repeated administration of ASC-exosomes improved the motor performance; protected lumbar motoneurons, the neuromuscular junction, and muscle; and decreased the glial cells activation in treated SOD1(G93A) mice. Moreover, exosomes have the ability to home to lesioned ALS regions of the animal brain. These data contribute by providing additional knowledge for the promising use of ASC-exosomes as a therapy in human ALS.
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Mace, S. E., et C. T. J. Doyle. « (A195) Planning for Special Needs and Vulnerable Populations in Disaster Care ». Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (mai 2011) : s55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11001919.
Résumé :
Caring for special-needs patients is challenging in disasters. They cannot be triaged, treated or discharged without consideration of their disabilities, including caregivers and social situations. The US Government's response to all hazards requires planning for challenges to communication, medical care, independence, and supervision (CMIST) for vulnerable populations. Vulnerable patients, by lack of any other plan or unavailability of an alternate caregiver, may converge on the emergency department, whether or not there is a medical problem. Language, hearing, seeing, and understanding must be included in patient care and discharge in an expedited manner during a disaster situation. Patients with powered devices and/or underlying medical problems may need access to services such as dialysis or electricity. Vulnerable populations have higher risk for injury and recovery from traumatic disasters. Patients with rotating caregivers, whether in an institution or independent, need alternative caregiver plans. Those patients with service animals will need to have animals included in their plans. Supervised nursing home patients, group home patients, psychiatric patients, minors, and high security patients cannot be released to shelters or other venues without adequate supervision. Before being released from medical care, one must ensure that supervision needs for vulnerable persons are met. Vulnerable casualties must also be protected from abuse and fraud. Individuals dependent on handicap access or public transportation or mobility aids will need plans for alternate transportation prior to a disaster. If the patient is not able to return to their normal community setting, discharge planning to alternate facilities will be part of the planning to prevent unnecessary admission to a hospital that may already be over capacity. Central repositories of information must be available to emergency department and social service personnel to allow caregivers and family to reconnect with patients, and to help with expedited care and discharge.
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SUSANTO, SULVANIA, ANTON SUMARPO, ARLI ADITYA PARIKESIT, AGUS BUDIAWAN NARO PUTRA, ERI ISHIDA, KAHO TABUCH et TAKUYA SUGAHARA. « Short Communication : Immunostimulatory effect of tempoyak (fermented durian) on inducing cytokine production (IL-6 and TNF-α) by RAW 264.7 cells ». Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no 1 (1 janvier 2018) : 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190143.
Résumé :
Susanto S, Sumarpo A, Parikesit AA, Putra ABNN, Ishida E, Tabuchi K, Sugahara T. 2018. Short Communication: Immunostimulatory effect of tempoyak (fermented durian) on inducing cytokine production (IL-6 and TNF-α) by RAW 264.7 cells. Biodiversitas 19: 318-322. Indonesia is known to be home to various fermented foods with many-reported usage as potential sources of probiotics. Tempoyak (fermented durian) is among one of the Indonesian fermented foods that are rarely studied for its bioactivities. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential bioactivities of tempoyak, particularly the immunostimulatory aspects. Water extract of tempoyak was prepared by suspending the freeze-dried tempoyak sample in distilled water. Immunostimulatory activity of tempoyak water extract was evaluated using mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. ELISA was used to screen cytokine productions (IL-6 and TNF-α) by RAW 264.7 cells following treatment with tempoyak water extract. In addition, real-time RT-PCR was also used to determine IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression. We showed that water extract of tempoyak exerts immunostimulatory effects towards RAW 264.7 cells. This was observed from the increased production of IL-6 and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. This was also supported by increased IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression. Our finding suggests that tempoyak has immunostimulatory effects towards murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. However, further studies are needed to identify the specific compounds responsible for inducing immunostimulatory effects.
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Otero, Nuno, Chrystopher L. Nehaniv, Dag Sverre Syrdal et Kerstin Dautenhahn. « Naturally occurring gestures in a human–robot teaching scenario ». Interaction Studies 9, no 3 (5 décembre 2008) : 519–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.9.3.10ote.
Résumé :
This paper describes our general framework for the investigation of how human gestures can be used to facilitate the interaction and communication between humans and robots. Two studies were carried out to reveal which “naturally occurring” gestures can be observed in a scenario where users had to explain to a robot how to perform a home task. Both studies followed a within-subjects design: participants had to demonstrate how to lay a table to a robot using two different methods — utilizing only gestures or gestures and speech. The first study enabled the validation of the COGNIRON coding scheme for human gestures in Human–Robot Interaction (HRI). Based on the data collected in both studies, an annotated video corpus was produced and characteristics such as frequency and duration of the different gestural classes have been gathered to help capture requirements for the designers of HRI systems. The results from the first study regarding the frequencies of the gestural types suggest an interaction between the order of presentation of the two methods and the actual type of gestures produced. However, the analysis of the speech produced along with the gestures did not reveal differences due to ordering of the experimental conditions. The second study expands the issues addressed by the first study: we aimed at extending the role of the interaction partner (the robot) by introducing some positive acknowledgement of the participants’ activity. The results show no significant differences in the distribution of gestures (frequency and duration) between the two explanation methods, in contrast to the previous study. Implications for HRI are discussed focusing on issues relevant for the design of the robot’s communication skills to support the interaction loop with humans in home scenarios.
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Letiucha, Liubov, et Iryna Bocharova. « ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЕМОЦІЙНОЇ СКЛАДОВОЇ ФРЕЙМОВОЇ МОДЕЛІ КОНЦЕПТУ ЛОКДАУН ». Psycholinguistics in a Modern World 15 (25 décembre 2020) : 164–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/10.31470/2706-7904-2020-15-164-167.
Résumé :
Some attempts to create an emotional characteristic by the linguistic description of the concept LOCKDOWN are accomplished in this article. To reach the aim of this research the frame analysis of a written text was applied as one of the basic methods of analysis concerning mechanisms of interaction in verbal and cognitive structures. Having analyzed a verbal performance, the conclusion was made that the concept LOCKDOWN has got the following emotional characteristic: FEAR as a dominant emotion (fear of uncertainty; fear of illness; fear for life; fear for the nearest and dearest; fear of losing a job (you/parents); fear of losing contacts; fear of staying without a rest); SATISFACTION (satisfaction from not getting early; satisfaction from studying at home; satisfaction from communicating with family/domestic animals). Overall, the emotive characteristic of the concept LOCKDOWN is a combination of dominant destructive (80%) and constructive (20%) emotions.
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Wijker, Carolien, Ruslan Leontjevas, Annelies Spek et Marie-Jose Enders-Slegers. « Process Evaluation of Animal-Assisted Therapy : Feasibility and Relevance of a Dog-Assisted Therapy Program in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder ». Animals 9, no 12 (9 décembre 2019) : 1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9121103.
Résumé :
(1) Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard for evaluating a treatment. However, the results of an RCT may remain meaningless for clinical practice in cases of poor intervention feasibility or fidelity (the extent to which the protocol was executed), or when health care professionals or patients experience the intervention as irrelevant or unpleasant. Feasibility and relevance of psychosocial interventions are highly understudied in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In order to put the effects revealed in an RCT on an animal-assisted therapy (AAT) program in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) into the context of clinical practice and to formulate guidelines for potential improvements and further implementation of the therapy, the aim of this process evaluation was to gain insight into the relevance and feasibility of the intervention and barriers and facilitators to its implementation. (2) Methods: Data were collected from 27 participants with ASD and three therapists using questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and treatment reports. Reach, adherence, program fidelity, and program appraisal were evaluated, and barriers and facilitators to recruitment and implementation of the AAT program were explored. (3) Results: The participants were satisfied with the program and evaluated it as feasible and relevant for adults with ASD. The participants documented improving self-insight, joy, relaxation, and physical contact with a therapy dog as the reason of their positive appraisal of the therapy. Documented aspects that may influence feasibility and appraised relevance were the participants’ therapy attitude, skills for generalization, and severity of contextual problems (e.g., problems at work, relationship problems). Regarding the sample quality, females and dog owners were slightly over-represented in the RCT. (4) Discussion: Considering the positive evaluation of the intervention and its positive effects revealed in the RCT, the AAT program can be added to the treatment repertoire to reduce stress and improve social communication in adults with ASD. More research in larger samples is needed for better understanding the generalization of the intervention effects, especially in male patients and those who do not have a dog at home.
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Irwin, Amy, Janika Vikman et Hannah Ellis. « ‘No-one knows where you are’ : veterinary perceptions regarding safety and risk when alone and on-call ». Veterinary Record 185, no 23 (14 octobre 2019) : 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.105639.
Résumé :
BackgroundVeterinary work is considered high risk and involves working with a range of hazards, including large animals, high workload and long hours. A key potential hazard is making home visits and providing out-of-hours emergency care, where vets often work alone, without support and must travel long distances. The current study aimed to examine UK veterinary perceptions of safety culture, lone working and on-call tasks to gain a deeper understanding of the risk and hazards involved.MethodsAn online mixed-methods survey was used to gather quantitative data relevant to practice safety culture and qualitative data regarding veterinary perception of lone working and on-call work. A sample of 76 UK veterinarians were recruited.ResultsThe quantitative results suggest that there may be practice safety culture issues around a lack of communication and discussion pertaining to safety, particularly in terms of maintaining personal safety. Key themes within the qualitative data included the pressure to treat patients, potentially at personal risk, and feeling unsafe when meeting clients alone and in remote locations.ConclusionThese findings indicate that personal safety requires more attention and discussion within veterinary practices, and that safety protocols and requirements should be shared with clients.
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DE GROOT, WOUTER T., et NATASCHA ZWAAL. « Storytelling as a medium for balanced dialogue on conservation in Cameroon ». Environmental Conservation 34, no 1 (mars 2007) : 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892907003682.
Résumé :
In conservation efforts where genuine community involvement is aimed at, communication should be a two-way affair in which the local voice can be truly heard. In developing countries especially, however, this voice tends to be smothered by the power and prestige that usually lies with the supra-local conservation agencies. This paper explores how fictional storytelling, a communication medium as old as mankind, may enable local people to respond in freedom to the issue of conservation. Stories that end by posing a dilemma to the audience are generally used in Cameroon to initiate discussion. First trials in Cameroon used this format to tell a story of animals that found themselves at risk of extinction and sent out a delegation to the human world to plea for a ‘last home’. Although enjoyed by researchers and audience alike, this story appeared to suffer from several technical and structural shortcomings. In order to overcome these, empirical research (for example the gathering of some 600 stories in the field) and theoretical considerations led to the design of a second-generation story that retained the dilemma format but carried fewer implicit messages and introduced a third, adjudicating party. This story was tried out in 13 villages in Central and North Cameroon with full success, both in terms of process (the elicitation of focused and rich debate) and in terms of content (the clarity of arguments and underlying assumptions). If led by the principles developed in this paper, fictional storytelling is a worthy addition to the methodological repertoire of all conservation professionals who wish to communicate conservation to local communities in a manner that is structurally balanced and substantively open.
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INGRAND, S., et B. DEDIEU. « Numéro spécial : Quelles innovations pour quels systèmes d'élevage ? » INRAE Productions Animales 27, no 2 (1 juin 2014) : 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2014.27.2.3055.
Résumé :
Anant-propos
« Innover » est un mot d’ordre sociétal qui encourage la communauté des chercheurs à produire des connaissances, des démarches et des outils visant à faire « autrement », à changer de paradigme, ou tout au moins de modèle de production pour ce qui concerne la communauté des agronomes. Pour une grande partie de cette communauté, le débat est centré sur la conception innovante des systèmes agricoles visant de nouveaux compromis entre production (quantité, qualité), protection de l’environnement, maîtrise de la consommation des énergies non renouvelables, tout en contribuant à la sécurité alimentaire globale et à la traçabilité des pratiques. Mais d’autres dimensions doivent être intégrées : la participation des acteurs au processus de conception, la façon dont les différentes sources d’innovations (la recherche, les agriculteurs, les filières, les industriels) interagissent, l’accompagnement de l’engagement dans le changement des exploitants agricoles et le rôle du conseil (public, privé) dans ce cadre, l’étude des verrouillages sociotechniques, etc. La notion d’innovation embarque de fait beaucoup de questions de natures différentes, auxquelles apporter des réponses nécessite une interdisciplinarité entre sciences techniques et sciences sociales.
Ce numéro spécial propose une vision de l’innovation dans les systèmes d’élevage centrée sur la contribution des zootechniciens. Il regroupe ainsi huit articles choisis pour traiter des innovations à l’échelle des systèmes d’élevage (et non aux échelles infra – fonctions physiologiques, animal, ou supra – territoire, filière –). Les auteurs ont été sollicités principalement au sein de l’Inra et chez nos partenaires proches (enseignement supérieur agronomique, Instituts techniques et Cirad). A l’Inra, cela concerne les deux départements de recherche au sein desquels des travaux sont conduits sur les systèmes d’élevage, à savoir le département « Sciences pour l’action et le développement » (Sad) et le département « Physiologie animale et systèmes d’élevage » (Phase).
Partant des questions générales sur la conception innovante et l’évaluation des systèmes, ce numéro explore différentes leviers de changements radicaux qui sont en germe dans le secteur de l’élevage : l’élevage de précision, l’écologie industrielle, l’agro-écologie, avec leurs déclinaisons (les capteurs appareillés sur les animaux, l’élevage de poissons avec de l’eau recirculée, les systèmes laitiers bas intrants). Deux articles complètent le panorama en s’intéressant au repérage des innovations dans les exploitations d’élevage en France et aux dynamiques diversifiées d’innovation et de changement en Afrique. Les thèmes des articles ont ainsi été pensés pour mixer des réflexions conceptuelles sur l’innovation, en tant qu’objet et en tant que processus, avec des exemples concrets pris soit dans les dispositifs expérimentaux des instituts de recherche, soit chez les éleveurs eux-mêmes. Différentes espèces animales sont concernées par ces exemples, des poissons aux bovins, en passant par les volailles, les ovins et les caprins.
Ce numéro spécial souligne ainsi que le secteur de l’élevage n’est pas en reste en matière d’innovations. Mais le champ est vaste et il ne prétend pas en faire le tour, notamment sur le plan des innovations génétiques : il est difficile d’être exhaustif dans un tel exercice !
Pour finir, à la lecture de ce numéro, quelques questions pour l’avenir nous semblent devoir être formulées :
- L’innovation dans les systèmes d’élevage se construit aujourd’hui dans des dispositifs partenariaux associant recherche, développement et formation, inventeurs et utilisateurs. Les éleveurs sont au cœur du processus d’innovation et sont bien sûr les acteurs déterminants de sa réussite ou de son échec. Mais le rôle d’autres parties prenantes (filières, conseil public et privé, action publique, acteurs des territoires et industriels) mériterait d’être plus approfondi ;
- Dans le secteur de l’agriculture, et en particulier de l’élevage, les applications des innovations portent sur le vivant, en l’occurrence des animaux. Des questions portent sur la considération apportée à ces êtres vivants et aux formes d’interaction entre hommes et animaux dans le travail quotidien. Par exemple, est-il souhaitable, éthique, d’équiper les animaux avec des capteurs divers et variés, au risque de remettre en cause leur bien-être, ou la nature même de l’activité d’élevage ? L’agro-écologie porte-t-elle d’autres formes de considérations des animaux ? Ces questions importantes restent ouvertes ;
- L’avenir sera sans doute fait d’une coexistence de deux mouvements qui peuvent apparaître en première approche contradictoires : d’une part, le mouvement vers l’agro-écologie mettant en exergue les propriétés des processus écologiques et d’autre part, le mouvement vers l’automatisation, les nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication (NTIC), l’élevage dit « de précision » s’appuyant sur l’écologie industrielle et la recherche de l’efficience. Mais ne faudra-t-il pas tenter de travailler aussi la mise en synergie de ces deux mouvements ?
- L’innovation dans les systèmes d’élevage doit être réfléchie en même temps dans le secteur animal et végétal, en particulier quand il s’agit de raisonner les systèmes fourragers de demain, mais aussi le rôle des cultures dans l’alimentation animale et l’autonomie des exploitations. La polycultureélevage, bien plus qu’une tradition désuète, est sans doute une forme intéressante et prometteuse pour mettre en œuvre les principes tant d’agro-écologie que d’écologie industrielle, avec des modes d’organisation et d’interaction à repenser entre ateliers à l’intérieur de l’exploitation et entre exploitations à l’intérieur d’un territoire.
L’année 2014 est marquée par la sortie en France de deux numéros spéciaux consacrés à l’innovation en élevage : le présent numéro d’INRA Productions Animales et celui de la revue Fourrages1. Pour nous, cela est le signe d’un enjeu important perçu par la communauté scientifique agronomique autour des questions d’innovation, à l’heure où l’élevage doit relever le défi d’être multi-performant.
1 L'innovation en systèmes fourragers et élevages d’herbivores : un champ de possibles. Fourrages, 217, mars 2014
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Alusi, G. H., A. C. Tan, J. C. Campos, A. Linney et A. Wright. « Tele-education : The virtual medical laboratory ». Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 3, no 1_suppl (juin 1997) : 79–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/1357633971930481.
Résumé :
The virtual medical laboratory (VML) was conceived to provide an Internet-accessible resource, offering access for clinicians and scientists to an invaluable data archive at the Institute of Laryngology and Otology, London. The Institute is home to the largest collection of temporal bone, laryngeal, skull and sinus sections in Europe. The skull and sinus collections include an extensive section consisting of animal material. These were contributions from zoos around the world. Over the last 50 years, samples have been carefully sectioned and stained by specialized technicians to produce histology slices of most regions of the head and neck. The aim of the project is to create a virtual medical laboratory, which will provide access to archived histological material as well as computerized tomography and magnetic resonance data. Central to this aim is the reconstruction of the internal anatomy of the temporal bone from two-dimensional histology slices, to create three-dimensional views that can be used for anatomical simulation and surgical training in otolaryngology. State-of-the-art three-dimensional reconstruction and rendering technology allows us to develop such a model. Computer-generated simulation could be made available to all hospitals in which otolaryngology is practised, via digital communication networks. We aim to develop core technology in our own specialty that is applicable to other fields of higher education, which have not been exposed to such modern teaching modalities. This has the potential to become an invaluable teaching resource for anatomists, surgeons and other scientists.
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de Graaf, Maartje M. A., Somaya Ben Allouch et Jan A. G. M. van Dijk. « Long-term evaluation of a social robot in real homes ». Interaction Studies 17, no 3 (31 décembre 2016) : 461–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.17.3.08deg.
Résumé :
Abstract This study aims to contribute to emerging human-robot interaction research by adding longitudinal findings to a limited number of long-term social robotics home studies. We placed 70 robots in users’ homes for a period of up to six months, and used questionnaires and interviews to collect data at six points during this period. Results indicate that users’ evaluations of the robot dropped initially, but later rose after the robot had been used for a longer period of time. This is congruent with the so-called mere-exposure effect, which shows an increasing positive evaluation of a novel stimulus once people become familiar with it. Before adoption, users focus on control beliefs showing that previous experiences with robots or other technologies allows to create a mental image of what having and using a robot in the home would entail. After adoption, users focus on utilitarian and hedonic attitudes showing that especially usefulness, social presence, enjoyment and attractiveness are important factors for long-term acceptance.
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Nabugoomu, Josephine, Gloria Seruwagi, Kitty Corbett, Edward Kanyesigye, Susan Horton et Rhona Hanning. « Needs and Barriers of Teen Mothers in Rural Eastern Uganda : Stakeholders’ Perceptions Regarding Maternal/Child Nutrition and Health ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no 12 (7 décembre 2018) : 2776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122776.
Résumé :
For adolescent mothers in rural Eastern Uganda, nutrition and health may be compromised by many factors. Identifying individual and environmental needs and barriers at local levels is important to inform community-based interventions. This qualitative study used interviews based on constructs from social cognitive theory. 101 adolescent mothers, family members, health-related personnel and community workers in Budondo sub-county (Jinja district), eastern Uganda were interviewed. Young mothers had needs, related to going back to school, home-based small businesses; social needs, care support and belonging to their families, employment, shelter, clothing, personal land and animals, medical care and delivery materials. Barriers to meeting their needs included: lack of skills in income generation and food preparation, harsh treatment, pregnancy and childcare costs, lack of academic qualifications, lack of adequate shelter and land, lack of foods to make complementary feeds for infants, insufficient access to medicines, tailored health care and appropriate communications. Using the social cognitive framework, this study identified myriad needs of young mothers and barriers to improving maternal/child nutrition and health. Adolescent-mother-and-child-friendly environments are needed at local levels while continuing to reduce broader socio-cultural and economic barriers to health equity. Findings may help direct future interventions for improved adolescent maternal/child nutrition and health.
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Albuquerque, Carolina SC, Bretta L. Bauman, Janina Rzeznitzeck, Sarah MA Caney et Danièlle A. Gunn-Moore. « Priorities on treatment and monitoring of diabetic cats from the owners’ points of view ». Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 22, no 6 (26 juin 2019) : 506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x19858154.
Résumé :
Objectives The aims of this study were to evaluate: owners’ perceptions and priorities on the treatment and monitoring of feline diabetes mellitus (DM); the perceived effectiveness of the communication between veterinarians and clients regarding disease management; and the impact DM has on the owners’ everyday lives and human–pet bonds. Methods An initial questionnaire, then an adapted second questionnaire, were available to owners of cats with DM on vetprofessionals.com . Results A total of 748 questionnaires were completed. At diagnosis, fewer than half of veterinarians discussed how to recognise unstable diabetes (46%) or home blood glucose monitoring (HBGM) (40%). Owners were disappointed that the importance of diet on diabetic remission/stabilisation and HBGM were not discussed. Only 49% of respondents were supervised by a veterinarian/veterinary nurse while first drawing up insulin and injecting their cat. Websites/online forums that owners found themselves were most useful when learning about their cat’s diabetes (76% agreed). Over a third of cats (39%) were not fed a ‘diabetic’ diet but, impressively, 71% of owners used HBGM. Initial concerns about costs, boarding, the effect on their daily life and potential negative impact on the human–pet bond reduced significantly after initiating treatment ( P <0.0001). Conclusions and relevance Caring for a diabetic cat requires significant owner commitment, plus support by the veterinary team for the owner and their cat. It is difficult to discuss all aspects of this complex disease with the owner in a single consultation; hence, it is important to involve the entire veterinary team in owner education and provide owners with informative material (eg, useful websites, printouts). Understanding owners’ priorities, fears, and which monitoring methods have helped others, is paramount to achieve owner compliance and satisfaction, and so improve the health and welfare of diabetic cats. This study provides useful information on the management of feline DM, which can be instrumental in educating future owners.
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Hüttenrauch, Helge, Elin A. Topp et Kerstin Severinson-Eklundh. « The Art of Gate-Crashing ». Interaction Studies 10, no 3 (10 décembre 2009) : 274–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.02hut.
Résumé :
Special purpose service robots have already entered the market and their users’ homes. Also the idea of the general purpose service robot or personal robot companion is increasingly discussed and investigated. To probe human–robot interaction with a mobile robot in arbitrary domestic settings, we conducted a study in eight different homes. Based on previous results from laboratory studies we identified particular interaction situations which should be studied thoroughly in real home settings. Based upon the collected sensory data from the robot we found that the different environments influenced the spatial management observable during our subjects’ interaction with the robot. We also validated empirically that the concept of spatial prompting can aid spatial management and communication, and assume this concept to be helpful for Human–Robot Interaction (HRI) design. In this article we report on our exploratory field study and our findings regarding, in particular, the spatial management observed during show episodes and movement through narrow passages. Keywords: COGNIRON, Domestic Service Robotics, Robot Field Trial, Human Augmented Mapping (HAM), Human–Robot Interaction (HRI), Spatial Management, Spatial Prompting
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Stanytsina, Halyna, et Igor Zagorodniuk. « The European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) in captivity : keeping and breeding experience ». Theriologia Ukrainica 2021, no 21 (1 juillet 2021) : 152–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tu2114.
Résumé :
Hamsters have long been considered agricultural pests and their abundance has been controlled. Now in many countries they are recognized as rare and endangered species that are at a risk of extinction. Among conservation measures to preserve and restore the population of many species is to gain experience in their keeping and reproduction in captivity. The experiments were carried out with hamsters obtained from the Crimea at different times. The keeping experience of hamsters in an ordinary residential apartment and the specifics of domestication of the animals caught in the nature are described. Their captivity, cage arrangement, nutrition, reproduction, specifics of communication, seasonal and circadian rhythms, territorial behaviour, threats and factors influencing their well-being are described in detail. Practice has shown that these are friendly and interacting animals to keep at home, and their breeding as pets is promising. Even adults caught in a trap get used to people in 2–4 weeks, take food from hands, go to the cage door when they are called, remember their nickname, calmly walk on the hands and do not bite at all, even when their babies are taken to the hands. Although hamsters are nocturnal in the nature, they are often active during the day at home. They do not hibernate and are active all-year-round, and even breed in winter. Hamsters are highly sensitive to overheating and draft; both are harmful to them and lead to death. In the evenings, while walking around the room hamsters do not run away and do not hide; the cage is considered their territory, safe, and cosy. Therefore, after walks, they go to the cages themselves or ask to be placed in the cage. Quickly master the treadmill and run in it for hours. Hamsters are very different by their individual behaviour and preferences. The purpose of keeping hamsters in captivity is to introduce the species as pets and to form so-called ‘reserve populations’ to restore populations of the species in the wild. Being among the pets, this species will be preserved in the culture and will be able to be released in places where their existence would be desirable. Based on the experience gained from keeping hamsters in captivity, steps to form "wild" behaviour are recommended. The formation of artificial breeding groups, which together form a reserve population, is an important measure in restoration programmes of natural populations of Cricetus cricetus.
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Ahmad, Shamim. « Public Attitude towards Water and Water Reuse ». Water Science and Technology 23, no 10-12 (1 mai 1991) : 2165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0674.
Résumé :
This study presents the results of a survey regarding public perception and attitude towards water and water reuse in Doha located in the arabian gulf. The water supply is very generous but is corrosive due to which it often acquires a red colour. Invariably home filters are used in the kitchen and washer to get rid of the colour and taste in water. People are aware of the high cost of water production and supply in such an arid region but they did not respond positively towards sharing the cost of improvement in the water supply in spite of the fact that they pay very little for receiving more than adequate water supply. The community in general is not well informed about the water conservation measures and the water reuse. People seemed to be prejudiced against water reuse. A large percentage of respondents did not favour water reuse in lawns and gardens, car washing, toilet flushing, industries and farming. There is a need for better channel of communication between the water departments and the community for implementing water conservation measures and expanding the water use by organizing “water weeks” regularly, which should include exhibitions, lectures, film shows, distribution of relevant literature and poster displays, emphasizing the methods of conservation to be used and the action taken by the department in this regard, the treated water quality and the water reuse practices in Doha and elsewhere. For the present water reuse should be limited to landscaping along the roads and irrigation of farms for growing animal fodder.
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Hidayatullah, Panakajaya. « GLUNDHÂNGAN AND PIGEON IN SOCIOCULTURAL PRACTICES OF MADURESE PEOPLE ». Journal of Urban Society's Arts 6, no 1 (9 août 2019) : 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/jousa.v6i1.2575.
Résumé :
Glundhangan is an ensemble of wooden gamelan played by Madurese people. Glundhangan music is believed as archaic music of Madurese people. It even existed before era of metallophone gamelan. In Jember, glundhângan is closely related to pigeon and usually used for nyata and totta’an dhârâ events. Nyata is an event when a pigeon master succeeds to get his opponent’s pigeon. While totta’an dhârâ is a match of releasing pigeons together and then they, pigeons, come back to pajhudhun (pigeon house) of their masters. Glundhângan is a music which becomes winning signifier of pigeon’s master when he gets his opponent’s pigeon, and it is an accompanying music for pigeons release and return to home. Glundhângan consists of some wooden musical instruments like glundhâng, dhung-dhung, tong-tong, tek-tek, nèng-nèng and ghâghâmbhâng, and they are accompanied by vocal of tembhâng mamaca (ancient version) and kèjhungan (modern version). Every pajhudhun and pigeon master must have musical instruments dhung-dhung or tong-tong in a form of various kentongan made by wood. The music instrument is used by a master as means of communication to pigeons and people. Dhung-dhung instrument of the pigeon master is commonly sacred as other relics like keris. Commonly, the master supplies himself and pigeons with mythical power. It is dhung-dhung itself which becomes identity of glundângan music. For Madurese people, pigeon is treated as special animal. Pigeon is also a manifestation of supernatural power of its master. Glundhângan music and pigeons are articulations of Madurese people that represent social degree, pride at stake, symbol of masculinity and productive distribution of conflict desire among people.
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Hidayanto, Andi Farid, et Adinda Prita Dwisuda Putri. « DESAIN SARANA BERMAIN KUCING BERNUANSA ALAM ». Jurnal Kreatif : Desain Produk Industri dan Arsitektur 2, no 2 (12 octobre 2020) : 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46964/jkdpia.v2i2.95.
Résumé :
Kucing merupakan hewan yang memiliki kebutuhan naluriah untuk mengekspresikan perilaku tertentu salah satunya dengan bermain. Kucing yang terlalu lama atau selalu berada di dalam kandang tentu saja akan mengalami sifat yang lebih pendiam. Kucing sebagai hewan yang lincah tentu merindukan bermain di alam liar. Namun, bagi pecinta kucing melepaskan kucing bermain di luar rumah tentu sangat berat karena memiliki beragam resiko. Salah satu tindakan yang sering dilakukan adalah mengajak bermain di dalam rumah. Tetapi kucing tetaplah hewan yang membutuhkan suasana alam. Sarana bermain yang berada di dalam rumah tetapi memiliki fasilitas seperti di luar rumah membantu para pecinta kucing untuk mengajak kucingnya untuk bermain, sehingga diperlukan perancangan desain sarana bermain kucing. Dengan adanya metode perencanaan dan perancangan yang sudah dilakukan diantaranya adalah pengumpulan data, analisis data, konsep desain, alternatif desain, pengembangan desain dari alternatif desain terpilih, serta desain akhir, didapatlah hasil akhir perancangan sarana bermain yaitu berupa produk yang memiliki fasilitas dan kebutuhan kucing serta memiliki suasana seperti di luar rumah dan dengan desain berbentuk jejak kaki kucing sehingga dapat menjadi komunikasi pada konsumen untuk mengetahui bahwa sarana bermain ini dikhususkan untuk kucing.
Cat is an animal that has the instinctive need to express certain behaviours either by playing.Cats are too long or they are always in the cage of course will experience more reticent silent. Cats as an animal thats agile, certainly miss playing in nature But, for cat lovers release the cat to play ouside the house of course very heavy because it has a variety of risks.One of the actions is common practice to invite to play in the house. But the cat still need of nature.Playgrounds inside the house but have facillities such as outside the home to help the cat lovers to take his cat to play. So, its necessary to design the playground cat. With their methods of design and planning that has been done among the data collection, data analysis, concept design, alternative design, design development of alternative design and the final design was selected at the end of the design playground it can be the result of playing in the form of products which have the facilities and the needs of cats and has a feel like in nature and design shaped footprints of a cat. So it can be a communication on the consumer to know this playground especially to cats.
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Wei, Jiaqi, Huaping Liu, Bowen Wang et Fuchun Sun. « Lifelong learning for tactile emotion recognition ». Interaction Studies 20, no 1 (15 juillet 2019) : 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.18041.wei.
Résumé :
Abstract Tactile emotion recognition provides a lot of valuable information in human-computer interaction, and it has strong application prospects in many aspects such as smart home and medical treatment. So this situation raises a question: How to quickly and efficiently let the robot perform the correct emotion recognition? In this work, we develop a lifelong learning algorithm which is based on the efficient dictionary learning technology, to tackle the tactile emotion recognition across different tasks. To verify the efficiency of the proposed method, we applied it to two data sets for experimentation: Corpus of Social Touch (CoST) and our dataset(We built it with a 12X12 array sensor). The results show that the proposed lifelong learning algorithm achieves satisfactory results.
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Carter, Courtnie L., et Justin D. Rhinehart. « Incorporation of a Statewide Webinar Series into an Existing County-based Beef Cattle Extension Program ». Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_2 (1 mai 2021) : 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab096.004.
Résumé :
Abstract With the objective of continuing educational delivery while county Extension offices were unable to host large group meeting due to pandemic response regulations, a series of webinars were developed as a component of the Tennessee Master Beef Producer program. A secondary objective was to maintain a county-based approach to programmatic delivery. To reach these objectives, individual webinars (Zoom Video Communications, San Jose, CA; n = 9), each lasting approximately 1.5 hr were developed by UT Extension Specialists and offered between October and November of 2020 covering the topics of breeding and genetics, reproductive management, nutrition, animal handling, economics, health management, and forages. Questions were administered during the live session via the Zoom polling function to assess production statistics and collect evaluation data. The series was advertised in local communities through UT Extension County Agents. Agents were given the opportunity to choose as many or as few to incorporate into their local delivery and could choose to give producers the option of viewing at home, at socially distanced group meetings, or either. Interaction was limited to the chat function within Zoom with the expectation that attendees would make audio and video interaction difficult to manage. Total live participation was 8,009 and averaged 890 ± 15.3 unique views per session. Each webinar was recorded and posted to YouTube to be used by agents for later delivery. In-webinar polling showed that an average of 91% of the webinar participants planned to implement a change on their operation as a direct result of information provided in the presentation. Post-webinar Likert scale (1 to 5) analysis of participants indicated approval of speaker ability (4.52 ± 0.03) and content quality (4.51 ± 0.03). These results indicate a high adoption rate by agents and that webinars are an effective tool for achieving behavioral change through a county-based Extension system.
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Angel-Fernandez, Julian M., et Andrea Bonarini. « Robots Showing Emotions ». Interaction Studies 17, no 3 (31 décembre 2016) : 408–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.17.3.06ang.
Résumé :
Abstract Robots should be able to represent emotional states to interact with people as social agents. There are cases where robots cannot have bio-inspired bodies, for instance because the task to be performed requires a special shape, as in the case of home cleaners, package carriers, and many others. In these cases, emotional states have to be represented by exploiting movements of the body. In this paper, we present a set of case studies aimed at identifying specific values to convey emotion trough changes in linear and angular velocities, which might be applied on different non-anthropomorphic bodies. This work originates from some of the most considered emotion expression theories and from emotion coding for people. We show that people can recognize some emotional expressions better than others, and we propose some directions to express emotions exploiting only bio-neutral movement.
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ISKANDAR, JOHAN, JOKO KUSMORO, MIRA MUBAROKAH et RUHYAT PARTASASMITA. « Ethnobotany of banana plants (Musa x paradisiaca) of Palintang Hamlet, Cipanjalu Village, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia ». Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no 6 (9 octobre 2018) : 2059–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190611.
Résumé :
Iskandar J, Mubarokah M, Kusmoro J, Partasasmita R. 2018. Ethnobotany of banana plants (Musa x paradisiaca) of Palintang Hamlet, Cipanjalu Village, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2059-2072. Rural people of West Java have traditionally farmed many varieties (landraces) of bananas (Musa x paradisca L) in the agroecosystem of homegardens and gardens. Because of the increasing human population, rapid rate of agricultural land conversion to other land uses, intensive penetration of market economy to rural areas, and introduction and selection in favor of banana landraces having good taste for culinary and high market price, some landraces of bananas have become rare, even locally extinct in rural areas. The main purpose of this study was to elucidate local knowledge of Palintang people on landraces, population, local farming management, and utilization of bananas. The mixed methods, qualitative and quantitative were applied in this study, while some techniques of collecting primary data, mainly observation, participant observation, semi-structured interview, structured interview, semi-quantitative population of banana plant were carried out. The results of study showed that 18 landraces of bananas have been recorded in Palintang hamlet. Local knowledge or traditional ecological knowledge of Palintang people on bananas have been predominantly obtained from individual personal experiences and from the parents and ancestors, inherited from generation to generation via oral communication. Most banana landraces cultivated by Palintang farmers have superior culinary aspect, particularly good taste, and high price. As a result, some landraces of bananas considered not having good taste and having low price have rarely been planted in the gardens. Banana trees have traditionally been cultivated by farmers of Palintang based on traditional ecological knowledge and which has been culturally embedded. There are 7 main stages of banana cultivation, namely preparation of banana suckers, land preparation, planting, caring, harvesting, post-harvesting management, and utilization of bananas for home consumption and sale through village middlemen and market. The banana cultivation has dramatically changed due to both ecosystem and rural community’s socio-cultural changes.
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Conti, Daniela, Carla Cirasa, Santo Di Nuovo et Alessandro Di Nuovo. « “Robot, tell me a tale!” ». Interaction Studies 21, no 2 (20 mai 2020) : 220–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.18024.con.
Résumé :
Abstract Robots are versatile devices that are promising tools for supporting teaching and learning in the classroom or at home. In fact, robots can be engaging and motivating, especially for young children. This paper presents an experimental study with 81 kindergarten children on memorizations of two tales narrated by a humanoid robot. The variables of the study are the content of the tales (knowledge or emotional) and the different social behaviour of the narrators: static human, static robot, expressive human, and expressive robot. Results suggest a positive effect of the expressive behaviour in robot storytelling, whose effectiveness is comparable to a human with the same behaviour and better when compared with a static inexpressive human. Higher efficacy is achieved by the robot in the tale with knowledge content, while the limited capability to express emotions made the robot less effective in the tale with emotional content.
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Woods, Sarah, Kerstin Dautenhahn, Christina Kaouri, René te Boekhorst, Kheng Lee Koay et Michael L. Walters. « Are robots like people ? » Interaction Studies 8, no 2 (19 juin 2007) : 281–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.8.2.06woo.
Résumé :
Identifying links between human personality and attributed robot personality is a relatively new area of human–robot interaction. In this paper we report on an exploratory study that investigates human and robot personality traits as part of a human–robot interaction trial. The trials took place in a simulated living-room scenario involving 28 participants and a human-sized robot of mechanical appearance. Participants interacted with the robot in two task scenarios relevant to a ‘robot in the home’ context. It was found that participants’ evaluations of their own personality traits are related to their evaluations of the robot’s personality traits. The statistical analysis of questionnaire data yields several statistically significant results: (a) Participants do not tend to assign their personality traits to match the robots’, (b) For individual personality traits, participants rated themselves as having stronger personality characteristics compared to the robot, (c) Specific significant correlations were found between participants’ and robot personality traits, and (d) Significant group differences for participant gender, age and technological background are highlighted. The results are discussed in light of developing personalized robot companions.
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Cassel, Raquel S., Catherine Saint-Georges, Ammar Mahdhaoui, Mohamed Chetouani, Marie Christine Laznik, Filippo Muratori, Jean-Louis Adrien et David Cohen. « Course of maternal prosodic incitation (motherese) during early development in autism ». Interaction Studies 14, no 3 (31 décembre 2013) : 480–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/is.14.3.08cas.
Résumé :
We examined the course of caregiver (CG) motherese and the course of the infant’s response based on home movies from two single cases: a boy with typical development (TD) and a boy with autistic development (AD). We first blindly assessed infant CG interaction using the Observer computer-based coding procedure, then analyzed speech CG production using a computerized algorithm. Finally we fused the two procedures and filtered for co-occurrence. In this exploratory study we found that the course of CG parentese differed based on gender (father vs. mother) and child status (TD vs. AD). The course of an infant’s response to CG vocalization differed according to the type of speech (motherese vs. other speech) and child status (TD vs. AD). Mothers spent more time interacting with infants, and fathers appeared to interact with their child preferentially between 12 and 18 months in the TD boy, but not in the AD boy. The TD boy responded equally well to motherese compared to other speech after 1 year of age. For the AD boy, the responses to both types of speech were lower than in the boy with TD and decreased from the second to the third semester. Keywords: Autism; motherese; early interaction; computational methods
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Briaux, Justine, Yves Martin-Prevel, Sophie Carles, Sonia Fortin, Yves Kameli, Laura Adubra, Andréa Renk et al. « Evaluation of an unconditional cash transfer program targeting children’s first-1,000–days linear growth in rural Togo : A cluster-randomized controlled trial ». PLOS Medicine 17, no 11 (17 novembre 2020) : e1003388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003388.
Résumé :
Background In 2014, the government of Togo implemented a pilot unconditional cash transfer (UCT) program in rural villages that aimed at improving children’s nutrition, health, and protection. It combined monthly UCTs (approximately US$8.40 /month) with a package of community activities (including behavior change communication [BCC] sessions, home visits, and integrated community case management of childhood illnesses and acute malnutrition [ICCM-Nut]) delivered to mother–child pairs during the first “1,000 days” of life. We primarily investigated program impact at population level on children’s height-for-age z-scores (HAZs) and secondarily on stunting (HAZ < −2) and intermediary outcomes including household’s food insecurity, mother–child pairs’ diet and health, delivery in a health facility and low birth weight (LBW), women’s knowledge, and physical intimate partner violence (IPV). Methods and findings We implemented a parallel-cluster–randomized controlled trial, in which 162 villages were randomized into either an intervention arm (UCTs + package of community activities, n = 82) or a control arm (package of community activities only, n = 80). Two different representative samples of children aged 6–29 months and their mothers were surveyed in each arm, one before the intervention in 2014 (control: n = 1,301, intervention: n = 1,357), the other 2 years afterwards in 2016 (control: n = 996, intervention: n = 1,035). Difference-in-differences (DD) estimates of impact were calculated, adjusting for clustering. Children’s average age was 17.4 (± 0.24 SE) months in the control arm and 17.6 (± 0.19 SE) months in the intervention arm at baseline. UCTs had a protective effect on HAZ (DD = +0.25 z-scores, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01–0.50, p = 0.039), which deteriorated in the control arm while remaining stable in the intervention arm, but had no impact on stunting (DD = −6.2 percentage points [pp], relative odds ratio [ROR]: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.51–1.06, p = 0.097). UCTs positively impacted both mothers’ and children’s (18–23 months) consumption of animal source foods (ASFs) (respectively, DD = +4.5 pp, ROR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.09–4.61, p = 0.029 and DD = +9.1 pp, ROR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.01–6.98, p = 0.048) and household food insecurity (DD = −10.7 pp, ROR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.43–0.91, p = 0.016). UCTs did not impact on reported child morbidity 2 week’s prior to report (DD = −3.5 pp, ROR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.56–1.14, p = 0.214) but reduced the financial barrier to seeking healthcare for sick children (DD = −26.4 pp, ROR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.08–0.66, p = 0.006). Women who received cash had higher odds of delivering in a health facility (DD = +10.6 pp, ROR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.10–2.13, p = 0.012) and lower odds of giving birth to babies with birth weights (BWs) <2,500 g (DD = −11.8, ROR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.10–0.82, p = 0.020). Positive effects were also found on women’s knowledge (DD = +14.8, ROR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.32–2.62, p < 0.001) and physical IPV (DD = −7.9 pp, ROR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.36–0.99, p = 0.048). Study limitations included the short evaluation period (24 months) and the low coverage of UCTs, which might have reduced the program’s impact. Conclusions UCTs targeting the first “1,000 days” had a protective effect on child’s linear growth in rural areas of Togo. Their simultaneous positive effects on various immediate, underlying, and basic causes of malnutrition certainly contributed to this ultimate impact. The positive impacts observed on pregnancy- and birth-related outcomes call for further attention to the conception period in nutrition-sensitive programs. Trial registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN83330970.