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1
DOBRE, Cristian. « War Psychology and the Military Moral Dilemmas ». Romanian Military Thinking 2022, no 4 (décembre 2022) : 294–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.55535/rmt.2022.4.17.
Texte intégralRésumé :
"The article presents one of the most significant psychological aspects experienced by the military during their operations – ethics and morality. Thus, it dives deeper into the idea of “war psychology”, to then analyse the biggest ethical and moral dilemmas of the military during battle. Far from exhausting the subject, the article wants to draw attention to the fact that, in the end, the military is still human, and in the absence of adequate preparation for combat and adequate post-action psychological support at the end of the conflict, moral wounds can appear, which, most of the time, are as painful and devastating as the physical ones."
2
Vincent, Heather, Deborah J. Jones et Joan Engebretson. « Moral distress perspectives among interprofessional intensive care unit team members ». Nursing Ethics 27, no 6 (14 mai 2020) : 1450–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733020916747.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Aim: To examine interprofessional healthcare professionals’ perceptions of triggers and root causes of moral distress. Design: Qualitative description of open-text comments written on the Moral Distress Scale–Revised survey. Methods: A subset of interprofessional providers from a parent study provided open-text comments that originated from four areas of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised, including the margins of the 21-item questionnaire, the designated open-text section, shared perceptions of team communication and dynamics affecting moral distress, and the section addressing an intent to leave a clinical position because of moral distress. Open-text comments were captured, coded, and divided into meaning units and themes using systematic text condensation. Participants: Twenty-eight of the 223 parent study participants completing the Moral Distress Scale–Revised shared comments on situations contributing to moral distress. Results: All 28 participants working in the four medical center intensive care units reported feelings of moral distress. Feelings of moral distress were associated with professional anguish over patient care decisions, team, and system-level factors. Professional-level contributors reflected clinician concerns of continuing life support measures perceived not in the patient’s best interest. Team and unit-level factors were related to poor communication, bullying, and a lack of collegial collaboration. System-level factors included clinicians feeling unsupported by senior administration and institutional culpability as a result of healthcare processes and system constraints impeding reliable patient care delivery. Ethical considerations: Approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University of Texas Health IRB and the organization in which the study was conducted. Conclusion: Moral distress was associated with feelings of anguish, professional intimidation, and organizational factors that impacted the delivery of ethically based patient care. Participants expressed a sense of awareness that they may experience ethical dilemmas as a consequence of the changing reality of providing healthcare within complex healthcare systems. Strategies to combat moral distress should target team and system interventions designed to improve interprofessional collaboration and support professional ethical values and moral commitments of all healthcare providers.
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DOBRE, Cristian. « Psihologia de război și dilemele morale ale militarului ». Gândirea Militară Românească 2022, no 4 (décembre 2022) : 294–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.55535/gmr.2022.3.17.
Texte intégralRésumé :
"The article presents one of the most significant psychological aspects experienced by the military during their operations – ethics and morality. Thus, it dives deeper into the idea of “war psychology”, to then analyse the biggest ethical and moral dilemmas of the military during battle. Far from exhausting the subject, the article wants to draw attention to the fact that, in the end, the military is still human, and in the absence of adequate preparation for combat and adequate post-action psychological support at the end of the conflict, moral wounds can appear, which, most of the time, are as painful and devastating as the physical ones."
4
Iurcov, Raluca, Magdalena Iorga et Beatrice Gabriela Ioan. « Ethical Dilemma in Dentistry Practice During COVID 19 Pandemic ». Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Bioethica 65, no 1-2 (30 décembre 2020) : 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbbioethica.2020.03.
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"The dental medical services were forced to follow the decisions of the various national governments that declared a state of emergency and consequently the dental offices were closed for long periods. The present theoretical paper focuses on the moral and ethical aspects related to the patients’ access to dental services and to dentists’ activity (from interdiction of practice to re-opening, with strict preventive rules to combat de spread of infection). The article presents the situation of Romanian dentists during the first six weeks of the pandemic, and it analyses the struggles of patients and doctors to access and to provide dental services during COVID 19 pandemic. Keywords: ethics, dentistry, Romania, pandemic, medicine, COVID 19. "
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Kirillova, I. Yu. « CHUVASH DRAMA ABOUT THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR ». Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 31, no 3 (13 juillet 2021) : 603–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2021-31-3-603-607.
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This article is devoted to the analysis of Chuvash plays dedicated to the Great Patriotic War; reveals the peculiarities of their poetics and problems, shows conflict situations that reveal heroic characters. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the plays by N. Aizman, N. Terentyev, M. Yuhma, A. Vasiliev, M. Belov, N. Sidorov, and others. They are united by the themes of courage, heroism, the feat of Soviet people on the battlefield and in the rear. Whereas in the early decades dramatists focused their attention directly on combat events, modern war plays are filled with deep moral content, their plots are distinguished by the sharpness of moral choices, revealing the moral and ethical aspects of the individual.
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McConnell, T. « Moral Combat in An Enemy of the People : Public Health versus Private Interests ». Public Health Ethics 3, no 1 (5 novembre 2009) : 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/phe/php029.
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Dikhtiarenko, Zoia, et Eduard Yeromenko. « Military and patriotic education of apprentice and student youth, cadets in the sports group «Combat Horting» under the conditions of marital state ». Problems of Education, no 2(97) (11 novembre 2022) : 239–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52256/2710-3986.2-97.2022.14.
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The role of the «Combat Horting» sports clubs, especially in the conditions of martial law, is to promote the level of military-patriotic upbringing of school and student youth, cadets; forming among young people a persistent interest and need for regular classes in Ukrainian martial arts; raising the level of education in the field of physical culture, sports and a healthy lifestyle; improving the quality of the process of physical education and education among young people, etc.
Scientific works are analyzed in the scientific article N., Dovgan, M., Zubalii, K., Kukushkin, O., Ostapenko, S., Prysiazhniuk L., Pustoliakova, T., Fedorchenko, A., Khatko and other which reveal some aspects of the military-patriotic education of schoolchildren and student youth, cadets in the «Combat Horting» sports club.
Also, the concept of military-patriotic education of children and young people by means of combat horting (author E., Yeromenko) described by Z., Dikhtiarenko has been improved, as a predicted result of independent training with Combat Horting in conditions of martial law for school and student youth and cadets. The concept of «martial law» is singled out in the Law of Ukraine «On the Legal Regime of Martial Law».
The authors of the publication proved that the national professional and applied sport of Ukraine is Combat Horting, which is based on the cultural, health and martial traditions of the Ukrainian people and contributes to the comprehensive education of the younger generation to ensure the security of the state independence of Ukraine, eliminating threats to the preservation of the integrity of Ukrainian lands. It is a multi-year specially organized process of learning, comprehensive development, moral and ethical education and improvement of children and youth.
On the basis of the Concept of military-patriotic education of children and youth by means of combat horting (author E., Yeromenko) [5, p. 37-43] and the analysis of literary sources [1-23], Z., Dikhtiarenko determined the indicators for the predicted result of independent training with Combat Horting in conditions of martial law (to know; to be able to) for school and student youth and cadets.
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Minculete, Gheorghe, et Constantin Grigoraş. « Useful Approaches in Training and Developing the Professional Conduct of Land Forces Tactical Operational Leaders ». Land Forces Academy Review 27, no 2 (1 juin 2022) : 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raft-2022-0014.
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Abstract The professional development of military leaders in accordance with the requirements of global and regional military challenges calls for their continuous education and training that harness the intellectual and practical tools necessary for the success of military action in times of peace, crisis or possible armed conflict, determined over time by the conditions of an unpredictable and unstable world. Regardless of the challenges faced today by NATO and by the military, it is obvious that the leaders of tactical structures must acquire moral and ethical qualities necessary for the leadership of operational military organizations in theatres (areas) of operations characterized by uncertainty and increased risk. This objective of this article is to highlight some aspects related to the tactical military leader’s attributes and competences that typify their professional conduct, which allow them to master the art of effective and successful operational leadership in the context of tactical combat structures These abilities are acquired progressively, during training and throughout military university studies as well as afterwards. Given the technological evolution of tactical combat potential and the need to ensure operational resilience through proactive and anticipatory risk management actions, we can argue that the leadership process characterizing this commander is quite different from the one of the past. Our approach is based on connections with some concepts that are considered familiar, due to the fact that, in the future, the leadership performed by the leader of a tactical operational structure will be increasingly complex and, consequently, will require ongoing learning and training.
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Сорочан, Д. А. « Administrative and Legal Principles of the Activities of the National Police of Ukraine in Preventing and Counteracting Bullying ». Law and Safety 79, no 4 (14 décembre 2020) : 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/pb.2020.4.07.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The negative socio-economic situation and large gaps in the moral and ethical education of the younger generation have led to an increase in the number of cases of deliberate abuse of older and stronger to the smaller and weaker members of educational institutions. The author has studied administrative and legal principles of the activity of the National Police of Ukraine on preventing and counteracting bullying. Based on a comprehensive analysis of national legislation on preventing and combating bullying in Ukraine, the author has determined perspective areas for improving administrative and legal principles in this area. It has been emphasized that the role of the National Police in this area cannot be limited to the preventive registration of a child. It is necessary to develop a set of preventive and educational measures aimed at preventing bullying manifestations among minors. It has been found out that there are no tools to assess the effectiveness of the impact of existing strategies to combat bullying in Ukraine, which necessitates further research in this area. It has been determined that it is necessary to fight not with individual facts of bullying, but to enshrine in the legislation the system of counteraction to harassment in educational institutions, which can be preventive in nature. It has been established that the legislator has introduced a number of amendments over the last few years, which are characterized by the strengthening of the component of protection of children’s rights. A positive novelty is that the main task of the juvenile police was preventive activity instead of punitive one. In general, the regulatory basis for the activities of the National Police of Ukraine to prevent and combat bullying can be divided into two parts: general legislative acts and departmental regulatory acts. It has been noted that the prevention of bullying and the prevention and combating of domestic violence are different aspects of the same problem, which are in constant close cooperation, and then the measures to overcome them should be common.
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Awofeko, Emmanuel Oluwasegun, Olatunji Olusegun Oyebanjo et Oluwaseyi N. Shogunle. « The Role of the Family in the Restoration and Preservation of Yoruba Cultural Heritage ». Yoruba Studies Review 5, no 1.2 (21 décembre 2021) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/ysr.v5i1.2.130085.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Yoruba people have a unique cultural heritage which engulfs every aspect of their lives; hence, guides them in their daily activities. It was borne in their heart, incise in their offspring, and pass from one generation to another. Unfortunately, this cultural heritage is almost lost today, as civilization has denigrated almost all these cherished cultural values in Yoruba communities. Undoubtedly, the family where the whole cultural decadence started from has great roles to play in restoring and preserving these cultural values. This is the thrust of this work. The essay is therefore approached from historical and ethical perspectives with phenomenological methodology to examine the cherished Yoruba cultural heritage. The findings of the work show that moral training through informal education; means of identity; communal responsibilities; ascribed roles; etc., are missing among the youths today. The paper adopts Mary Jo Hatch’s theory of cultural dynamics to examine the changes in Yoruba cultural heritage, the causes of decadence of this heritage; and the role of the family in enthroning Yoruba cultural heritage among the youths today. The essay recommends that family needs to rise for the restoration and 70 Awofeko Oyebanjo, and Shogunle preservation of these cultural heritages to combat the socio-cultural threat confronting the society.
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Blunden, Charlie T. « Libertarianism and collective action : is there a libertarian case for mandatory vaccination ? » Journal of Medical Ethics 45, no 1 (7 août 2018) : 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2018-104752.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In his paper ‘A libertarian case for mandatory vaccination’, Jason Brennan argues that even libertarians, who are very averse to coercive measures, should support mandatory vaccination to combat the harmful disease outbreaks that can be caused by non-vaccination. He argues that libertarians should accept the clean hands principle, which would justify mandatory vaccination. The principle states that there is a (sometimes enforceable) moral obligation not to participate in collectively harmful activities. Once libertarians accept the principle, they will be compelled to support mandatory vaccination. In my paper, I argue that the cases Brennan uses to justify this principle are disanalogous to the case of non-vaccination and that they are not compelling to libertarians. The cases Brennan offers can be explained by a libertarian using the individual sufficiency principle: which states that if an individual’s action is sufficient to cause harm, then there is a (sometimes enforceable) moral obligation not to carry out that action. I argue that this principle is more appropriate to Brennan’s examples, and more appealing to the libertarian, than the clean hands principle. In order to get libertarians to accept the clean hands principle, I present a modified version of one of Brennan’s cases that is analogous to the case of non-vaccination. Using this case, I argue that whether the clean hands principle will justify mandatory vaccination is dependent on whether the herd immunity rate in a given population is approaching a threshold after which a collective risk of harm will be imposed onto others.
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Rezaei, Reza. « Effect of physical training on education of students ». Journal of Management and Accounting Studies 4, no 03 (20 juillet 2019) : 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jmas.vol4iss03pp59-62.
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One of the most important institutions in contemporary society closely associated with physical education and sport and its function is widely used in continuous operation, which is a function of physical education training institutions to strengthen and develop this concept. However, in some communities to keep the community and especially the rule against alien tribes of Physical Education and Sport in order to physically and mentally prepare the people and the soldiers used to fight the enemy. Methodology: Cult of chivalry and generosity, helping mankind and the needy and the deprived and poor defense against a powerful part of sports and physical education at that time was considered and sports athlete must have superior mental powers and moral forces of good sportsmanship along with physical exercise and only to such persons as the hero would never refer to someone who only has superior physical strength and that it was not call hero. Results: The military aspects of combat sports and leisure and happiness and other aspects were not overlooked in these communities. But according to the type of physical education major figures who have shaped the cultural and religious, cultural and educational way. The people, the children of seven and eight years old were assigned to the educational system, and after the reading, writing, speaking, shooting, wrestling or other sports to know that the goal of this type of education, people were preparing for a full life. Conclusion: After the advent of Islam in Iran as well as in educational methods, standards of conduct and ideas of human good and virtue among the most significant figure takes into consideration the impact on itself in this time of mysticism and ethics, culture and roots mixed with faith to give a new look to the sports environment.
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Lukyanchenko, E. A. « Human Capital : Moral and Ethical Aspects ». MGIMO Review of International Relations, no 3(30) (28 juin 2013) : 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-3-30-142-143.
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Sychev, A. A., E. V. Zaytseva et P. S. Tolkachev. « MORAL-ETHICAL ASPECTS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY ». Vestnik Universiteta, no 1 (23 mars 2020) : 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-1-36-42.
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At the present stage, the digital (information) economy is playing an increasingly important role in the world economy and national economies. Using rapid exchange of information benefits allows economic agents at all levels (from ordinary consumers to large corporations and state bodies, regulating economic relations) to make more accurate decisions in various economic issues. It is obvious, that the creation of the Russian information system will be able to increase the efficiency of our national economy (including the objectives of its state regulation) and at the same time raise the level of the country’s security. However, the effective use of the digital economy does not only depend on the level of development of the technical base of the information system. Only the moral state of society can send the information received for the benefit of all its members.
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Parent, Bea. « Moral, ethical, and legal aspects of infection control ». American Journal of Infection Control 13, no 6 (décembre 1985) : 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-6553(85)90030-6.
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Arguelles, Ariel, et John McCaskill. « Minimizing the Moral Remainder ». Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no 3 (11 septembre 2018) : 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i3.13495.
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Public health issues can have devastating consequences on sub-groups of societies. But larger moral issues that face the entire society frequently frame these issues. Our deepest held moral values are frequently in conflict, and cannot withstand careful scrutiny, so we shield them by making them moral imperatives. This is how humans find themselves in moral dilemmas; torn regarding the right thing to do because we are unable to sacrifice sacred values that are in conflict (Tessman 2017).In this paper, we examine the ethical issues that have been inserted into the funding efforts taken to combat Zika in 2016, with some of the ethical dilemmas scientists and physicians have found themselves in through recent history serving as a comparison. We then examine the parallels (and inconsistencies) of public judgment passed on the choices made by these individuals and how these same stark judgments may be influencing public health outcomes today. The primary tool we use throughout this analysis is the “Ethics Triangle” as described by James Svara (2015). The goal of the paper is to examine how our sacred values can become ethical traps (or dilemmas) in moral decision-making. Basically, how do we minimize the moral remainder?
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Rostotskaya, Marianna Albertovna. « Moral Aspects of Russian PreRevolutionary Cinema ». Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 3, no 4 (15 décembre 2011) : 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik348-17.
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Yevgeniy Bauer was an outstanding exponent of the refined mass culture that began to penetrate into spiritual life at the beginning of the 20th century. The article investigates the moral conflicts and patterns that lay behind Bauer’s films and reflected the ethical guidelines of the mass audience in Pre-Revolutionary Russia
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Abou Hashish, Ebtsam Aly, et Nadia Hassan Ali Awad. « Relationship between ethical ideology and moral judgment : Academic nurse educators’ perception ». Nursing Ethics 26, no 3 (11 septembre 2017) : 845–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017722825.
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Background: Ascertaining the relationship between ethical ideology, moral judgment, and ethical decision among academic nurse educators at work appears to be a challenge particularly in situations when they are faced with a need to solve an ethical problem and make a moral decision. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between ethical ideology, moral judgment, and ethical decision as perceived by academic nurse educators. Methods: A descriptive correlational research design was conducted at Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University. All academic nurse educators were included in the study (N = 220). Ethical Position Questionnaire and Questionnaire of Moral Judgment and Ethical Decisions were proved reliable to measure study variables. Ethical considerations: Approval was obtained from Ethics Committee at Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University. Privacy and confidentiality of data were maintained and assured by obtaining subjects’ informed consent. Findings: This study reveals a significant positive moderate correlation between idealism construct of ethical ideology and moral judgment in terms of recognition of the behavior as an ethical issue and the magnitude of emotional consequences of the ethical situation (p < 0.001; p = 0.031) respectively. Also, there is a positive significant moderate correlation between relativism construct of ethical ideology and overall moral judgment (p = 0.010). Approximately 3.5% of the explained variance of overall moral judgment is predicted by idealism together with relativism. Discussion: The findings suggest that variations in ethical position and ideology are associated with moral judgment and ethical decision. Conclusion: Organizations of academic nursing education should provide a supportive work environment to help their academic staff to develop their self-awareness and knowledge of their ethical position and promoting their ethical ideologies and, in turn, enhance their moral judgment as well as develop ethical reasoning and decision-making capability of nursing students. More emphasis in nursing curricula is needed on ethical concepts for developing nursing competencies.
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Corley, Mary C., Ptlene Minick, R. K. Elswick et Mary Jacobs. « Nurse Moral Distress and Ethical Work Environment ». Nursing Ethics 12, no 4 (juillet 2005) : 381–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733005ne809oa.
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This study examined the relationship between moral distress intensity, moral distress frequency and the ethical work environment, and explored the relationship of demographic characteristics to moral distress intensity and frequency. A group of 106 nurses from two large medical centers reported moderate levels of moral distress intensity, low levels of moral distress frequency, and a moderately positive ethical work environment. Moral distress intensity and ethical work environment were correlated with moral distress frequency. Age was negatively correlated with moral distress intensity, whereas being African American was related to higher levels of moral distress intensity. The ethical work environment predicted moral distress intensity. These results reveal a difference between moral distress intensity and frequency and the importance of the environment to moral distress intensity.
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Gimpel, Torrey. « Moral Injury and Music Therapy : Music as a vehicle for access ». Music and Medicine 10, no 3 (29 juillet 2018) : 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v10i3.632.
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Moral Injury as a construct continues to be explored and refined as researchers develop models of treatment and clearer definitions for diagnosis. The complexity of moral injury mirrors the complexity of the combat experience- distinctive situations where required actions (e.g., killing) within war may lead to transgressions of deeply held moral or ethical principles within the individual. These transgressive acts may lead to inner conflicts that are outside the typical purview of traditional PTSD treatment. Music therapy offers unique vehicle for access to the inner conflict of MI and combat-related traumatic experiences while promoting expression, present-moment support, and creating opportunities for new perspectives through the malleable medium of music.Keywords: Moral Injury (MI); Military; Music Therapy; PTSD, Transgressive events
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Fida, Roberta, Carlo Tramontano, Marinella Paciello, Mari Kangasniemi, Alessandro Sili, Andrea Bobbio et Claudio Barbaranelli. « Nurse moral disengagement ». Nursing Ethics 23, no 5 (août 2016) : 547–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733015574924.
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Background: Ethics is a founding component of the nursing profession; however, nurses sometimes find it difficult to constantly adhere to the required ethical standards. There is limited knowledge about the factors that cause a committed nurse to violate standards; moral disengagement, originally developed by Bandura, is an essential variable to consider. Research objectives: This study aimed at developing and validating a nursing moral disengagement scale and investigated how moral disengagement is associated with counterproductive and citizenship behaviour at work. Research design: The research comprised a qualitative study and a quantitative study, combining a cross-validation approach and a structural equation model. Participants and research context: A total of 60 Italian nurses (63% female) involved in clinical work and enrolled as students in a postgraduate master’s programme took part in the qualitative study. In 2012, the researchers recruited 434 nurses (76% female) from different Italian hospitals using a convenience sampling method to take part in the quantitative study. Ethical considerations: All the organisations involved and the university gave ethical approval; all respondents participated on a voluntary basis and did not receive any form of compensation. Findings: The nursing moral disengagement scale comprised a total of 22 items. Results attested the mono-dimensionality of the scale and its good psychometric properties. In addition, results highlighted a significant association between moral disengagement and both counterproductive and citizenship behaviours. Discussion: Results showed that nurses sometimes resort to moral disengagement in their daily practice, bypassing moral and ethical codes that would normally prevent them from enacting behaviours that violate their norms and protocols. Conclusion: The nursing moral disengagement scale can complement personnel monitoring and assessment procedures already in place and provide additional information to nursing management for designing interventions aimed at increasing compliance with ethical codes by improving the quality of the nurses’ work environment.
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Lundberg, Kristina, Sofia Kjellström et Lars Sandman. « Dual loyalties : Everyday ethical problems of registered nurses and physicians in combat zones ». Nursing Ethics 26, no 2 (2 août 2017) : 480–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017718394.
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Background: When healthcare personnel take part in military operations in combat zones, they experience ethical problems related to dual loyalties, that is, when they find themselves torn between expectations of doing caring and military tasks, respectively. Aim: This article aims to describe how Swedish healthcare personnel reason concerning everyday ethical problems related to dual loyalties between care and military tasks when undertaking healthcare in combat zones. Design: Abductive qualitative design. Participants and research context: Individual interviews with 15 registered nurses and physicians assigned for a military operation in Mali. Ethical considerations: The participants signed up voluntarily, and requirements for informed consent and confidentiality were met. The research was approved by the Regional Ethics Review Board in Gothenburg (D no. 816-14; 24 November 2014). Findings: Three main categories emerged: reasons for not undertaking combat duties, reasons for undertaking combat duties and restricted loyalty to military duties, and 14 subcategories. Reasons for not undertaking combat duties were that it was not in their role, not according to ethical codes or humanitarian law or a breach towards patients. Reasons for undertaking combat duties were that humanitarian law does not apply or has to be treated pragmatically or that it is a case of force protection. Shortage of resources and competence were reasons for both doing and not doing military tasks. Under some circumstances, they could imagine undertaking military tasks: when under threat, if unseen or if not needed for healthcare duties. Discussion/conclusion: These discrepant views suggest a lack of a common view on what is ethically acceptable or not, and therefore we suggest further normative discussion on how these everyday ethical problems should be interpreted in the light of humanitarian law and ethical codes of healthcare personnel and following this, further training in ethical reflection before going on military operations.
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Atabay, Gülem, Burcu Güneri Çangarli et Şebnem Penbek. « Impact of ethical climate on moral distress revisited ». Nursing Ethics 22, no 1 (7 août 2014) : 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014542674.
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Background: Moral distress is a major problem in nursing profession. Researchers identified that the stronger the ethical basis of the organization, the less moral distress is reported. However, different ethical climates may have different impacts on moral distress. Moreover, conceptualization of moral distress and ethical climate as well as their relationship may change according to the cultural context. Objectives: The main aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between different types of ethical climate as described in Victor and Cullen’s framework, and moral distress intensity among nurses in Turkish healthcare settings. Research design: An online survey was administrated to collect data. Questionnaires included moral distress and ethical climate scales in addition to demographic questions. Participants and research context: Data were collected from registered nurses in Turkey. In all, 201 of 279 nurses completed questionnaires, resulting in a response rate of 72%. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval was obtained from the university to which the authors were affiliated, after a detailed investigation of the content and data collection method. Findings: Factor analyses showed that moral distress had three dimensions, namely, organizational constraints, misinformed and over-treated patients, and lack of time and resources, while ethical climate had four types, namely, rules, well-being of stakeholders, individualism, and organizational interests. Positive correlations were identified between certain types of ethical climate (rules, individualism, or organizational interests) and moral distress intensity. Discussion: Factor distribution of the scales shows some commonalities with the findings of previous research. However, context-specific dimensions and types were also detected. No particular ethical climate type was found to have a negative correlation with moral distress. Conclusion: Recommendations were made for reducing the negative impact of ethical climate on moral distress. These include solving the nursing-shortage problem, increasing autonomy, and improving physical conditions.
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Hunt, Geoffrey. « Moral Crisis, Professionals and Ethical Education ». Nursing Ethics 4, no 1 (janvier 1997) : 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309700400104.
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Western civilization has probably reached an impasse, expressed as a crisis on all fronts: economic, technological, environmental and political. This is experienced on the cultural level as a moral crisis or an ethical deficit. Somehow, the means we have always assumed as being adequate to the task of achieving human welfare, health and peace, are failing us. Have we lost sight of the primacy of human ends? Governments still push for economic growth and technological advances, but many are now asking: economic growth for what, technology for what? Health care and nursing are caught up in the same inversion of human priorities. Professionals, such as nurses and midwives, need to take on social responsibilities and a collective civic voice, and play their part in a moral regeneration of society. This involves carrying civic rights and duties into the workplace.
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Oelhafen, Stephan, Settimio Monteverde et Eva Cignacco. « Exploring moral problems and moral competences in midwifery : A qualitative study ». Nursing Ethics 26, no 5 (27 mars 2018) : 1373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733018761174.
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Background: Most undergraduate midwifery curricula comprise ethics courses to strengthen the moral competences of future midwives. By contrast, surprisingly little is known about the specific moral competences considered to be relevant for midwifery practice. Describing these competences not only depends on generic assumptions about the moral nature of midwifery practice but also reflects which issues practitioners themselves classify as moral. Objective: The goal of this study was to gain insight into the ethical issues midwives encounter in their daily work, the key competences and resources they consider indispensable to understand and deal with them, and to assess phenomena linked to moral distress. Methods: We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with eight midwives and two other health professionals, varying in terms of years of experience and work setting. Interview transcripts were analyzed in an interdisciplinary research group, following thematic analysis. Ethical considerations: This study was not subject to approval according to the Swiss Law on Research with Humans. Participants were informed about the study goals and gave written informed consent prior to participation. Results: External constraints limiting the midwife’s and the patient’s autonomy and resulting interpersonal conflicts were found to be the most relevant ethical issues encountered in clinical practice and were most often associated with moral distress. These conflicts often arise in the context of medical interventions midwives consider as not appropriate and situations in which less experienced midwives in particular observe a lack of both interprofessional communication and trust in their professional competence. Ethical issues related to late abortions or prenatal diagnostics and selective abortions were also frequently addressed, but many midwives involved had learned to cope with them. Discussion: In the light of the ethical issues and factors contributing to phenomena of moral distress, an empirically grounded profile of moral competences is drafted. Curricular implications in the light of possible adaptations within undergraduate midwifery education are critically discussed.
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Amantova-Salmane, Liene. « ETHICAL ASPECTS OF REGIONAL ECONOMY ». Latgale National Economy Research 1, no 3 (23 juin 2011) : 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/lner2011vol1.3.1803.
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In the beginning of economic history, economics as a social science was closely related to ethics and had a moral dimension. The works of Aristotle and Adam Smith show that the science of economics has evolved taking into consideration the ethical stand. However, during the twentieth century, ethics was not considered in the economic analysis, but this situation transformed and ethics became a part of economics. Removing ethics from economics also removes social responsibility and critical awareness. This research analyzes the ethical aspects of regional economy. Regional economy has an ethical dimension because its main goal is to reduce the disparities between regions. There is carried out a brief reference to the relationship between ethics and economy. In the following article there are analysed ethical aspects of regional policy.
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Mazovka, Ekaterina N., Vitaliy I. Smirnov et Tat'yana K. Kirillova. « Moral and ethical aspects of debt relationship between spouses ». Leningrad legal journal, no 3 (2021) : 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35231/18136230_2021_3_117.
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Sharma, Amit. « Ethical and Moral Aspects of Informed Consent : General Considerations ». Journal of Research in Medical Education & ; Ethics 1, no 1 (2011) : 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.2231-671x.1.1.005.
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Victoria, Dmitrieva, et Lyutikova Elena. « Moral and Ethical Conceptions of Entrepreneurs : Cross-cultural Aspects ». Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 86 (octobre 2013) : 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.571.
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Gazzard, B. G. « AIDS a Moral Issue -- Ethical, Legal and Social Aspects ». Journal of Medical Ethics 18, no 1 (1 mars 1992) : 51–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.18.1.51-a.
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Miller, Brandi Simpson. « The Moral and Ethical Aspects of Gold Coast Foodways ». Gastronomica 19, no 1 (2019) : 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2019.19.1.111.
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Lang, P. P. « Human rights activities : legal and moral aspects ». Juridical Journal of Samara University 7, no 2 (19 octobre 2021) : 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-047x-2021-7-2-14-20.
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The article considers human rights activities as a phenomenon that constitutes an integral part of the legal society. It identifies problems of a theoretical and practical nature associated with difficulties in this area, caused by both the COVID-19 pandemic and other reasons. An attempt has been made to assess the legal and moral and ethical aspects of such a necessary activity at the present stage of the development of public relations, attention is paid to the position of international bodies regarding human rights activities, its goals and objectives. The importance and relevance of the topic is explained by the fact that, in the opinion of human rights defenders themselves, the entire system of human rights protection, created after one of the most terrible periods in modern world history, is going through a crisis at this historical stage, which is increasingly aggravated under the influence of numerous problems of political and economic nature. Military conflicts, migration, a pandemic clearly demonstrate the obvious need to address the issue of the essence of human rights activities, including its moral and ethical component.
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Kulju, Kati, Minna Stolt, Riitta Suhonen et Helena Leino-Kilpi. « Ethical competence ». Nursing Ethics 23, no 4 (9 février 2015) : 401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014567025.
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Background: Exploring the concept of ethical competence in the context of healthcare is essential as it pertains to better quality of care. The concept still lacks a comprehensive definition covering the aspects of ethical expertise, ethical knowledge and action of a health professional. Objective: This article aims to report an analysis of the concept of ethical competence. Method: A modified strategy suggested by Walker and Avant was used to analyse the concept. Results: As a result, the concept of ethical competence can be defined in terms of character strength, ethical awareness, moral judgement skills and willingness to do good. Virtuous professional, experience of a professional, human communication, ethical knowledge and supporting surroundings in the organisation can be seen as prerequisites for ethical competence. Ethical competence results in the best possible solutions for the patient, reduced moral distress at work and development and democratisation of society. Conclusion: The results of the analysis establish a basis for an instrument to evaluate health professionals’ ethical competence. It will guide educators, as well as managers in healthcare, to support the development of ethical conduct in healthcare.
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ASLAMOVA, M. « ACCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF IMPROVING MORAL-ETHICAL QUALITIES OF THE FUTURE DOCTOR ». ТHE SOURCES OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS, no 20 (22 novembre 2017) : 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2075-146x.2017.20.209479.
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The author analyzes the problem of upbringing the moral and ethical qualities of the future doctor through the prism of the value perception of professional requirements, reveals the tasks of educational influence on the student in the educational process, ensures the formation of a humanistic, professionally verified system of values as a basis for perfect moral choice in professional activity. With the purpose of research, the criteria (motivational-value, cognitive, procedural-analytical) and levels (elementary, low, medium, high) education of the moral and ethical qualities of the future doctor, which can be achieved in the educational process of medical education, are described and described. requirements for professional activities in the field of medicine. The means of the confirmatory experiment noted how stable the pattern of positive dynamics of education of moral and ethical qualities of future physicians from the first to the graduation course, which was achieved by the traditional means of organizing the educational process in higher education, which allows us to conclude that the orientation of professional training for the education of each student as highly moral, conscious regarding his professional duty of the individual. As a direction of further research, a hypothesis was formulated in relation to the growth of the established dynamics, provided that the future system of exercises that include the axiological aspect of the education of moral and ethical qualities is included in the humanitarian training of future physicians.
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Kulju, Kati, Riitta Suhonen et Helena Leino-Kilpi. « Ethical problems and moral sensitivity in physiotherapy ». Nursing Ethics 20, no 5 (17 janvier 2013) : 568–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733012468462.
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This study identified and described ethical problems encountered by physiotherapists in their practice and physiotherapists’ moral sensitivity in ethical situations. A questionnaire-based survey was constructed to identify ethical problems, and the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire Revised version was used to measure moral sensitivity. Physiotherapists (n = 116) working in public health services responded to the questionnaire. Based on the results, most of the physiotherapists encounter ethical problems weekly. They concern mainly financial considerations, equality and justice, professionalism, unethical conduct of physiotherapists or other professions and patients’ self-determination. The dimension of moral strength was emphasised in physiotherapists’ self-evaluations of their moral sensitivity. As a conclusion, ethical problems do occur not only at individual level but also at organisational and society level. Physiotherapists seem to have moral strength for speaking on behalf of the patient. Scarce resources make them feel insufficient but much could still be done to provide quality care in co-operation with other health-care professionals.
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Asgari, Sharareh, Vida Shafipour, Zohreh Taraghi et Jamshid Yazdani-Charati. « Relationship between moral distress and ethical climate with job satisfaction in nurses ». Nursing Ethics 26, no 2 (18 juillet 2017) : 346–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017712083.
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Background: Moral distress and ethical climate are important issues in the workplace that appear to affect people’s quality of work life. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the relationship of moral distress and ethical climate to job satisfaction in critical care nurses. Materials and methods: This descriptive-correlation study was conducted on 142 critical care nurses, selected from five social security hospitals in north Iran through census sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Moral Distress Scale–Revised, the Olson’s Hospital Ethical Climate Survey, and the Brayfield and Rothe Job Satisfaction index. Ethical considerations: The research project was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences and the Medical Deputy of the Social Security Organization. Findings: The mean scores obtained by the critical care nurses for moral distress, ethical climate, and job satisfaction were 87.02 ± 44.56, 3.51 ± 0.53, and 62.64 ± 9.39, respectively. Although no significant relationships were observed between moral distress and job satisfaction, the relationship between ethical climate and job satisfaction was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Identifying ethical stressors in the workplace and giving proper feedback to the authorities to eliminate these factors and improve the ethical climate in these workplaces can help enhance job satisfaction in nurses and lead to higher quality care.
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Ganz, Freda D., Nurit Wagner et Orly Toren. « Nurse middle manager ethical dilemmas and moral distress ». Nursing Ethics 22, no 1 (29 janvier 2014) : 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733013515490.
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Background: Nurse managers are placed in a unique position within the healthcare system where they greatly impact upon the nursing work environment. Ethical dilemmas and moral distress have been reported for staff nurses but not for nurse middle managers. Objective: To describe ethical dilemmas and moral distress among nurse middle managers arising from situations of ethical conflict. Methods: The Ethical Dilemmas in Nursing–Middle Manager Questionnaire and a personal characteristics questionnaire were administered to a convenience sample of middle managers from four hospitals in Israel. Results: Middle managers report low to moderate levels of frequency and intensity of ethical dilemmas and moral distress. Highest scores were for administrative dilemmas. Conclusion: Middle managers experience lower levels of ethical dilemmas and moral distress than staff nurses, which are irrespective of their personal characteristics. Interventions should be developed, studied, and then incorporated into institutional frameworks in order to improve this situation.
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Pauly, Bernadette, Colleen Varcoe, Janet Storch et Lorelei Newton. « Registered Nurses’ Perceptions of Moral Distress and Ethical Climate ». Nursing Ethics 16, no 5 (11 août 2009) : 561–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733009106649.
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Moral distress is a phenomenon of increasing concern in nursing practice, education and research. Previous research has suggested that moral distress is associated with perceptions of ethical climate, which has implications for nursing practice and patient outcomes. In this study, a randomly selected sample of registered nurses was surveyed using Corley’s Moral Distress Scale and Olson’s Hospital Ethical Climate Survey (HECS). The registered nurses reported moderate levels of moral distress intensity. Moral distress intensity and frequency were found to be inversely correlated with perceptions of ethical climate. Each of the HECS factors (peers, patients, managers, hospitals and physicians) was found to be significantly correlated with moral distress. Based on these findings, we highlight insights for practice and future research that are needed to enhance the development of strategies aimed at improving the ethical climate of nurses’ workplaces for the benefit of both nurses and patients.
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Schluter, Jessica, Sarah Winch, Kerri Holzhauser et Amanda Henderson. « Nurses' Moral Sensitivity and Hospital Ethical Climate : a Literature Review ». Nursing Ethics 15, no 3 (mai 2008) : 304–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733007088357.
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Increased technological and pharmacological interventions in patient care when patient outcomes are uncertain have been linked to the escalation in moral and ethical dilemmas experienced by health care providers in acute care settings. Health care research has shown that facilities that are able to attract and retain nursing staff in a competitive environment and provide high quality care have the capacity for nurses to process and resolve moral and ethical dilemmas. This article reports on the findings of a systematic review of the empirical literature (1980 — February 2007) on the effects of unresolved moral distress and poor ethical climate on nurse turnover. Articles were sought to answer the review question: Does unresolved moral distress and a poor organizational ethical climate increase nurse turnover? Nine articles met the criteria of the review process. Although the prevailing sentiment was that poor ethical climate and moral distress caused staff turnover, definitive answers to the review question remain elusive because there are limited data that confidently support this statement.
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Zhang, Na, Mingfang Li, Zhenxing Gong et Dingxin Xu. « Effects of ethical leadership on nurses’ service behaviors ». Nursing Ethics 26, no 6 (5 août 2018) : 1861–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733018787220.
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Background: Nurses’ service behaviors have critical implications for hospitals. However, few studies had adequate ethical considerations of service behaviors and accounted for how organizational or individual antecedents can induce nurses to engage in service behaviors. In addition, they mainly focused on the one side of role-prescribed or extra-role service behavior. Objective: This study aims to explore the chained mediation effect of ethical climate and moral sensitivity on the relationship between organizational ethical leadership and nurses’ service behaviors and to examine the relationship, from a comparative view, of the role-prescribed service behavior and extra-role service behavior. Methods: In all, 476 nurses from three tertiary hospitals were investigated with the Ethical Leadership Scale, Ethical Climate Scale, Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and Service Behavior Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze the data. SPSS and Mplus statistical software was used in the data analysis. Ethical considerations: Approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee at School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University. Data privacy and confidentiality were maintained and assured by obtaining subjects’ informed consent to participate in the research before data collection. Results: The effects of ethical leadership on nurses’ service behaviors are mediated by two variables in turn: ethical climate and nurses’ moral sensitivity. Ethical climate and moral sensitivity partially mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and nurses’ role-prescribed service behavior and fully mediated the relationship between ethical leadership and nurses’ extra-role service behavior. Conclusion: Organizational ethical leadership positively affected ethical climate, which positively affected nurses’ moral sensitivity and affected both their role-prescribed service behavior and extra-role service behavior.
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Barrett, Clark C. « Unarmed and Dangerous : The Holistic Preparation of Soldiers for Combat ». Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 13, no 2 (2011) : 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1559-4343.13.2.95.
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Within the U.S. military, incidents of suicide and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) continue to escalate unabated despite efforts to provide reactive, posttrauma treatment. A new focus on proactive, preemptive physical, mental, and moral/ethical training is required prior to combat. Methods pioneered and validated in the early 1990s are available and are ready for implementation, but the military must use a holistic, focused strategy to do so.
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Deschenes, Sadie, et Diane Kunyk. « Situating moral distress within relational ethics ». Nursing Ethics 27, no 3 (5 décembre 2019) : 767–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019884621.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Nurses may, and often do, experience moral distress in their careers. This is related to the complicated work environment and the complex nature of ethical situations in everyday nursing practice. The outcomes of moral distress may include psychological and physical symptoms, reduced job satisfaction and even inadequate or inappropriate nursing care. Moral distress can also impact retention of nurses. Although research has grown considerably over the past few decades, there is still a great deal about this topic that we do not know including how to deal well with moral distress. A critical key step is to develop a deeper understanding of relational practice as it pertains to moral distress. In this article, exploration of the experience of moral distress among nurses is guided by the key elements of relational ethics. This ethical approach was chosen because it recognizes that ethical practice is situated in relationships and it acknowledges the importance of the broader environment on influencing ethical action. The findings from this theoretical exploration will provide a theoretical foundation upon which to advance our knowledge about moral distress.
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Ohnishi, Kayoko, Kazuyo Kitaoka, Jun Nakahara, Maritta Välimäki, Raija Kontio et Minna Anttila. « Impact of moral sensitivity on moral distress among psychiatric nurses ». Nursing Ethics 26, no 5 (1 mars 2018) : 1473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017751264.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Background: Moral distress occurs when one knows the right thing to do, but institutional constraints make it nearly impossible to pursue the right course of action. Moral distress was found to cause negative feelings, burnout, and/or resignation. Not only external factors such as lack of staff but also internal ones affect moral distress. Moral sensitivity, which is thought of as an advantage of nurses, could effect moral distress, as nurses being unaware of existing ethical problems must feel little distress. Objectives: To examine the impact of moral sensitivity on moral distress among psychiatric nurses, and affirm the hypothesis that nurses with higher moral sensitivity will suffer moral distress more than nurses with less moral sensitivity in two different samples. Ethical consideration: The study obtained ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine at Mie University (# 1111, 20.4.2010), and by the Turku University Ethics Board (29.5.2012). Permissions to undertake the study was obtained from the in two hospital districts and in one city (§ 48/4.10.2012, § 63/4.9.2012, 51/2012 27.8.2012). Informed consent was not formally obtained, because the questionnaire was anonymously reported by the participants who volunteered to answer. The participants responded voluntarily and anonymously. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire containing the Revised Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and the Moral Distress Scale for Psychiatric nurses was conducted to 997 nurses in 12 hospitals in Japan, and 974 nurses in 10 hospitals in Finland after obtaining of approval by research ethics committees. Data were analyzed using a multi-group structural equation model analysis. Findings: A set of analyses imply that the association of moral sensitivity with moral distress is significant and similar between Japan and Finland, whereas the factor structures of moral sensitivity and moral distress may be partially different. Discussion: The result of this study may indicate that nurses with high moral sensitivity can sense and identify moral problems, but not resolve them. Therefore, supporting nurses to solve ethical problems, not benumbing them, can be important for better nursing care and prevention of nurses’ resignation. Conclusion: Moral sensitivity and moral distress were positively correlated among psychiatric nurses in both Japan and Finland, although the participating nurses from the two countries were different in qualification, age, and cultural background. Nurses with high moral sensitivity suffer from moral distress.
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Kucukkelepce, Gulhan Erkus, Leyla Dinc et Melih Elcin. « Effects of using standardized patients on nursing students’ moral skills ». Nursing Ethics 27, no 7 (30 juillet 2020) : 1587–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733020935954.
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Background: Nurses and nursing students increasingly confront ethical problems in clinical practice. Moral sensitivity, moral reasoning, and ethical decision-making are therefore important skills throughout the nursing profession. Innovative teaching methods as part of the ethics training of nursing students help them acquire these fundamental skills. Aim: This study investigated the effects and potential benefits of using standardized patients in ethics education on nursing baccalaureate students’ moral sensitivity, moral reasoning, and ethical decision-making by comparing this method with in-class case analyses. Research design: This is a quasi-experimental study. Participants and research context: The sample comprised 89 students in Hacettepe University’s Faculty of Nursing. Following lectures describing the theoretical components of ethics, students were randomly assigned to two working groups, one using standardized patients and the other using in-class case analyses. Data were collected using the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, Rest’s Defining Issues Test, and the Nursing Dilemma Test. All data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 23. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval and official permission were obtained. All participating students completed informed consent forms. Findings: According to the results, the moral sensitivity of students in the standardized patient group significantly improved over time compared to those in the case analysis group, while the mean scores of students in both groups for moral reasoning and ethical decision-making were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Based on our results, we recommend the use of both standardized patients and case analysis as appropriate teaching methods in ethics education.
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Nisavic, Ivan. « Ethical (responsible) leadership ». Theoria, Beograd 64, no 4 (2021) : 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/theo2104123n.
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The paper, from the perspective of ethical theories, presents and analyzes the aspects of morality that fall under responsible leadership in the field of business ethics. It is an assumption that the idea of responsible leadership is derived from the aspect of morality that is governed by interest, which can be disguised for the sake of personal and/or material profit. In addition, answers are offered to questions concerning the importance and relevance of corporate social responsibility, as well as the status of corporations as moral agents. Those activities that go beyond purely business interest, such as socially responsible work or philanthropic work, are very useful and profitable and, in addition, understand companies as entities who, indirectly, have a specific dose of ethical responsibility, which ultimately makes them moral agents.
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Ventovaara, Päivi, Margareta af Sandeberg, Janne Räsänen et Pernilla Pergert. « Ethical climate and moral distress in paediatric oncology nursing ». Nursing Ethics 28, no 6 (11 mars 2021) : 1061–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733021994169.
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Background: Ethical climate and moral distress have been shown to affect nurses’ ethical behaviour. Despite the many ethical issues in paediatric oncology nursing, research is still lacking in the field. Research aim: To investigate paediatric oncology nurses’ perceptions of ethical climate and moral distress. Research design: In this cross-sectional study, data were collected using Finnish translations of the Swedish Hospital Ethical Climate Survey–Shortened and the Swedish Moral Distress Scale–Revised. Data analysis includes descriptive statistics and non-parametric analyses. Respondents and research context: Ninety-three nurses, working at paediatric oncology centres in Finland, completed the survey. Ethical considerations: According to Finnish legislation, no ethical review was needed for this type of questionnaire study. Formal research approvals were obtained from all five hospitals. Return of the questionnaire was interpreted as consent to participate. Results: Ethical climate was perceived as positive. Although morally distressing situations were assessed as highly disturbing, in general they occurred quite rarely. The situations that did appear often reflected performing procedures on school-aged children who resist such treatment, inadequate staffing and lack of time. Perceptions of ethical climate and frequencies of morally distressing situations were inversely correlated. Discussion: Although the results echo the recurrent testimonies of busy work shifts, nurses could most often practise nursing the way they perceived as right. One possible explanation could be the competent and supportive co-workers, as peer support has been described as helpful in mitigating moral distress. Conclusion: Nurturing good collegial relationships and developing manageable workloads could reduce moral distress among nurses.
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Миславская et N. Mislavskaya. « Historical Aspects of Ancient Greek Ethics in Accounting ». Auditor 2, no 10 (25 octobre 2016) : 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22270.
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The paper attempts to prove the relationship of ethical public perceptions and degree of development of the
accounting system. The basic moral principles of ancient Greece and their impact on the approaches to accounting are
analyzed; proposals for the necessary changes in modern ethical standards in their professional activities accountant are
reasoned.
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Browman, HI, et AB Skiftesvik. « Moral, ethical and scientific aspects of welfare in aquatic organisms ». Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 75 (4 mai 2007) : 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao075085.
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Tyuvina, N. A., et A. O. Nikolaevskaya. « Assisted reproductive technologies : psychoneurological, moral-ethical, and socio-cultural aspects ». Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics 12, no 5 (25 octobre 2020) : 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2020-5-104-110.
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The paper provides a definition of sexual and reproductive health and infertility and also reflects modern ideas about ways to overcome infertility using assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and surrogacy. It shows the specificity of the impact of an IVF procedure on the mental health of a potential mother. The features of the neonatal health status, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders in babies born using the IVF procedure are described. The authors present two types of surrogacy (traditional and gestational ones) and the features of their use in different countries according to governmental legislative regulation, socioeconomic and religious factors, and cultural traditions in society. They unveil the features of a psychological relationship between the mother (surrogate and presumed one) and the fetus. The consequences of surrogacy for a surrogate mother, genetic parents, and a child himself/herself are noted to be little studied. It is shown that the development of assisted reproductive technologies (IVF and surrogacy), on the one hand, helps fight infertility and, on the other hand, entails a number of problems (moral and ethical, legal, cultural and religious, socioeconomic, and neuropsychiatric ones) that need to be solved in order to prevent psychological, neurological, and mental abnormalities in all the participants (a surrogate mother, an unborn child, and potential parents) in the assisted reproductive process:
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Lützén, Kim, Tammy Blom, Béatrice Ewalds-Kvist et Sarah Winch. « Moral stress, moral climate and moral sensitivity among psychiatric professionals ». Nursing Ethics 17, no 2 (25 février 2010) : 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733009351951.
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between work-related moral stress, moral climate and moral sensitivity in mental health nursing. By means of the three scales Hospital Ethical Climate Survey, Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and Work-Related Moral Stress, 49 participants’ experiences were assessed. The results of linear regression analysis indicated that moral stress was determined to a degree by the work place’s moral climate as well as by two aspects of the mental health staff’s moral sensitivity. The nurses’ experience of ‘moral burden’ or ‘moral support’ increased or decreased their experience of moral stress. Their work-related moral stress was determined by the job-associated moral climate and two aspects of moral sensitivity. Our findings showed an association between three concepts: moral sensitivity, moral climate and moral stress. Despite being a small study, the findings seem relevant for future research leading to theory development and conceptual clarity. We suggest that more attention be given to methodological issues and developing designs that allow for comparative research in other disciplines, as well as in-depth knowledge of moral agency.