Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Colonized Landscape »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Colonized Landscape"
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Jarosz, Lucy A. « Agents of Power, Landscapes of Fear : The Vampires and Heart Thieves of Madagascar ». Environment and Planning D : Society and Space 12, no 4 (août 1994) : 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d120421.
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Vampires and heart thieves have, it is said, inhabited the island of Madagascar for the last century. These mythic figures signify relations of identity tied to the global processes of colonial capitalism, modernism, and imperialism as they relate to a colonized Africa, and more specifically, to the island of Madagascar. The vampire and heart thief express the array of extractive processes rooted in the social relations between colonizer and colonized, political subjects, empire, church, and state. These mythic figures are manipulated by various groups to fulfil specific local political agendas and invoke difference based upon race and class. Rumors and sightings of vampires and heart thieves create a landscape of fear which enables or constrains complicity with, or rebellion against, agents of the state and the church.
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Lauck, B. « The impact of recent logging and pond isolation on pond colonization by the frog Crinia signifera ». Pacific Conservation Biology 11, no 1 (2005) : 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc050050.
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A colonization experiment was used to investigate landscape use of a commercially managed wet forest in southern Tasmania by the ground-dwelling frog, Crinia signifera. Replicated artificial ponds were placed at increasing distances (20, 100, 250 and 500 m) from nine permanent breeding sites to investigate the effect of pond isolation on colonization. Four of these permanent breeding sites were surrounded by coupes that had been logged within the previous five years and five permanent breeding sites were surrounded by unlogged forest to investigate the effect of recent logging on colonization. The rate of colonization, the frequency of colonization, male size and female size (inferred from clutch size) were monitored over two breeding seasons. No pond isolation effects were found, indicating that G. signifera is randomly distributed throughout the forest landscape for up to 500 m around each permanent breeding site. Such patterns of forest habitat use indicate that management prescriptions should not only take into account the habitat characteristics of breeding sites but should also consider the surrounding terrestrial landscape. Ponds surrounded by unlogged forest were colonized almost two times faster than ponds surrounded by logged forest indicatlng that landscape modtfication can significantly alter amphibian mobility. These findings have consequences for total reproductive output especially in landscapes where breeding sites are highly variable and for species that are slow to colonize new breeding sites.
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Adhikary, Dr Ramesh Prasad. « Identity Crisis of Lyndall in Schreiner’s The Story of an African Farm ». IJOHMN (International Journal online of Humanities) 6, no 3 (3 juin 2020) : 36–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijohmn.v6i3.182.
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In this research paper, the researcher explores how the female identity was in crisis in the colonized Africa. Olive Schreiner’s The Story of an African Farm is taken as a primary text to explore the exploitation of colonizers by interpreting it with the tool of postcolonial literary theory. African farm owners were displaced from their farm landscape by the colonizers. As a result, the farm workers have to face the problem of identity crisis. Englishmen were responsible for bringing Africans identity crisis. They struggle to establish their identity on the Karoo farmland. The main victims were women whose identity is determined in relation to the place. Their placelessness represents their identity crisis in the Karoo farm landscape. Women’s identity is connecting with the place. As a qualitative research, the researcher has extensively presents the crisis of identity of female in their own land when the colonizers seized their land.
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Herrera Malatesta, Eduardo. « The Transformation of Indigenous Landscape in the First Colonized Region of the Caribbean ». Land 11, no 4 (31 mars 2022) : 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11040509.
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This paper presents an archaeological reconstruction of indigenous landscape transformations in the first colonized region of the Caribbean. The arrival of Columbus in 1492 in the northern region of the island of Haytí (the current Dominican Republic and Haiti) signified a profound change in the lives of the island’s communities, transforming their everyday actions and their perceptions of landscape. To address this complex topic, this research tackled a key problem in landscape archaeology: while the “landscape” concept has been extensively debated, there is a growing tendency to use the concept without clear definitions and to obscure important methodological aspects of how scholars bridge the divide between their conceptual definitions and the archaeological record. This paper approaches this problem by applying the concepts of ‘sites as tendencies’ and ‘contested taskscapes’. This theoretical and methodological framework allows for the reconstruction of the indigenous landscape and, more importantly, highlights how the colonization process impacted the everyday tasks and perceptions of Hayti’s indigenous people through the profound transformation of their landscape.
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Seeley, Joseph, et Aaron Skabelund. « “Bite, Bite against the Iron Cage” : The Ambivalent Dreamscape of Zoos in Colonial Seoul and Taipei ». Journal of Asian Studies 79, no 2 (19 décembre 2019) : 429–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911819001165.
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This article examines the zoological gardens established by Japanese imperialists in colonial Seoul (1908) and Taipei (1914). Drawing on multilingual sources, it argues that zoos explicitly exposed the unequal interethnic and interspecies hierarchies that undergirded the colonial project. The colonial zoo was an ambivalent “dreamscape”: a carefully constructed landscape of iron cages and manicured pathways wherein colonizers’ dreams of ordering the natural world and colonized populations existed in uneasy tension with the actual experiences of zoo visitors and encaged zoo animals. Intellectuals sometimes criticized zoo excesses or identified the bondage of caged animals with the colonized experience. Yet these zoos also enjoyed immense popularity as Japanese, Korean, and Taiwanese visitors alike participated in the physical and discursive subjugation of zoo animals. Sensitivity to these contradictions, this essay contends, is essential for understanding both the broader significance of these institutions and their contested legacies today.
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Coelho, Rui Gomes. « An archaeology of decolonization : Imperial intimacies in contemporary Lisbon ». Journal of Social Archaeology 19, no 2 (30 mai 2019) : 181–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469605319845971.
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The fall of the European empires over the course of the 20th century forced massive migratory flows from the former colonies to the old metropolis and between colonized regions. The experiences that came with the loss of colonies were traumatic for the erstwhile colonials, who carried their imperial nostalgia to the old metropolises. The social and political consequences of these longings are still unfolding in former colonizing societies. This article critically engages the materialization of lusotropical sensibilities, focusing on contemporary Portuguese decolonization as it is experienced in Lisbon’s urban landscape. I argue that cafés, restaurants, and pastry shops frequented by retornados are not only places of memory but spaces where imperial longings are ingested and internalized.
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Morrison, Sean J., Peter A. Nicholl et Peter R. Hicklenton. « VA Mycorrhizal Inoculation of Landscape Trees and Shrubs Growing under High Fertility Conditions2 ». Journal of Environmental Horticulture 11, no 2 (1 juin 1993) : 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-11.2.64.
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Abstract This study investigated the effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) inoculation on the growth of landscape trees and shrubs under high-fertility nursery growing conditions. Four species of 1 year old trees, and rooted cuttings of nine species of shrubs, were inoculated with Glomus intraradices, or Glomus fasiculatum, or served as non-inoculated controls. The trees were transplanted to two high fertility, non-sterile field locations. Inoculation significantly increased the level of colonization in Acer platanoides, Sorbus aucuparia, Malus, and Fraxinus pennsylvanica, but did not enhance growth. The shrubs were containerized in a peat and bark medium with two levels of controlled release fertilizer. VAM inoculation significantly increased the level of colonization in Spiraea × bumalda, Syringa × chinensis, Prunus × cistena, and Cornus alba, while Weigela, Cotoneaster dammeri, and Potentilla parvifolia became well colonized without inoculation. Forsythia ovata and Viburnum opulus did not become significantly colonized. The growth of Syringa was stimulated by VAM inoculation during consecutive seasons, irrespective of fertilizer level. The growth of Prunus at the lower fertilizer level was significantly stimulated by inoculation even though control plants became highly colonized without VAM inoculation. Two years after inoculation, five species were transplanted to a second, non-sterile, field site to monitor the effect of inoculation on post transplant growth. G. intraradices significantly enhanced S. aucuparia caliper growth in the second year post-transplant.
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Huang, Yuwei, et Yun Wu. « Cybernetics & ; Postcolonial Landscape : Exploring a New way to Understand the Power and International Governance in Contemporary Era ». Journal of Theory and Practice of Management Science 3, no 10 (31 octobre 2023) : 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53469/jtpms.2023.03(10).06.
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In posthumanism, the cybernetics serves as the striking feature as it acts as the fundamental technology to support the operation of machine. The postcolonial landscape as the modern technology-based world, somewhat, features the key elements cybernetics such as circularity, complexity, and self-regulation etc. The technology in postcolonial time brings the voice of grassroots (including the colonized nations) into the social system of international governance which constitutes an unprecedented power in postcolonial landscape. The colonial period has been brought into an end; however, comprehending the postcolonial landscape proves to be considerably more challenging. International governance is no longer solely a tool for military conquest, but rather an intricate and multifaceted network characterized by circularity, complexity, and self-regulation. In line with these attributes, cybernetics illuminates our understanding of power and international governance in the contemporary era while offering a fresh perspective that rejects linearity and unidirectional patterns. The role of technology at this key period of time has transcended its mere function of convenience and societal facilitation, now reshaping the dynamics of human interaction as well as the power dynamics between colonizing and colonized states. This paper aims to delve into the contemporary relationship among various post-colonial powers and their governance strategies through a cybernetic lens.
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Sylvia, David, Abid Alagely, Donald Kent et Roy Mecklenburg. « Mycorrhizae of Landscape Trees Produced in Raised Beds and Containers ». Arboriculture & ; Urban Forestry 24, no 6 (1 novembre 1998) : 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1998.039.
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Mycorrhizal associations provide a linkage between tree roots and the soil, thereby contributing to the tolerance of trees to environmental stresses. Little, however, is known about the mycorrhizal status or dependency of many landscape trees. The objective of this study was to quantify mycorrhizal root colonization and spore formation on a diverse collection of ornamental tree species grown in raised beds or containers at an established tree farm in central Florida. In addition, root diameters were measured to determine if there was a relationship between this parameter and mycorrhizal formation. A total of 23 tree species were sampled; 9 were present both in containers and raised beds, 6 species were present in containers only, and 8 species were present as embedded plants only. The proportion of root length colonized by mycorrhizal fungi ranged from 0% to 83%. Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal spore numbers ranged from <20 to nearly 500 spores 100 g~1 (3.5 oz~1). Mean root diameters ranged from < 500 to > 1,000 \im (0.0197 to 0.0394 in.). No relationship was found between root coarseness and mycorrhizal root colonization or sporulation. The majority of trees formed mycorrhizae of the arbuscular type. Five species in the family Pinaceae or Fagaceae had the potential to form ectomycorrhizae; however, they were poorly colonized. Future research should be directed toward understanding the importance of mycorrhizae to landscape trees, including effects on tree survival and growth and the effect of fertilizer and pesticide applications on mycorrhizal development.
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Ribeiro, Daniela, Nika Razpotnik Visković et Andraž Čarni. « Landscape dynamics at borderlands : analysing land use changes from Southern Slovenia ». Open Geosciences 12, no 1 (1 janvier 2020) : 1725–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2020-0212.
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Abstract This study presents the results of an in-depth study on landscape changes over the last two centuries in the region of Bela krajina, south-eastern Slovenia. Since this region is situated along the Slovenian–Croatian border, immigration and emigration are permanent fixtures in the region. Due to historical reasons, population structure and land use changes occurred. With regard to these processes, two case studies were selected: settlements of Adlešiči and Bojanci. Adlešiči is a village mainly inhabited by farmers of catholic religion. Bojanci was colonized by Orthodox Uskoki, i.e. refugees from Ottoman Empire who become Habsburg soldiers who lived a military life and had different attitude towards land cultivation. Landscapes in these two settlements have its own distinctive patterns contrasting to each other in the land use, showing historically distinctive cultural landscapes. The study aimed to interpret the development of cultural landscapes in these settlements by analysing the land use changes and identifying the factors that influenced it. Even though these sites have different management regimes, they are both affected by difficult karst terrain and isolation. The results confirmed the land abandonment and overgrowth of agricultural land in both case studies, however, at different rates.
Thèses sur le sujet "Colonized Landscape"
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Sarkar, Tahiti. « Material transformations in Darjeeling Hills (1835-1947) : a rereading in history of the colonized landscape ». Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2017. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/2593.
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Tournant, Pierline. « Impact du paysage sur la distribution spatiale et génétique des colonies de petit rhinolophe ». Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA2047.
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Le petit rhinolophe Rhinolophus hipposideros autrefois largement répandu dans le nord-ouest de l’Europe a connu une réduction drastique de ses effectifs au cours de la seconde moitié du XX ème siècle. La destruction et la fragmentation des habitats favorables à cette espèce font partie des principales causes de ce déclin. Une des hypothèses testées ici est que la connectivité de ces habitats influencerait la distribution spatiale des gîtes de maternité. Dans un premier temps nous avons estimé la connectivité fonctionnelle de l’habitat de l’espèce et modélisé la distribution des colonies de maternité en Franche-Comté. La méthode des graphes paysagers a été appliquée afin d’extraire plusieurs métriques représentant la connectivité fonctionnelle paysagère à différentes échelles spatiales. Ces métriques ont été retenues dans un modèle prédictif de la présence de gîte de maternité en fonction du contexte paysager, ce qui confirme l’hypothèse du rôle de la connectivité dans la distribution de l’espèce. Les résultats montrent qu’à l’échelle locale de la colonie, la présence de gîte dépend de la disponibilité en forêt à proximité de petites surfaces de bâti. À un niveau régional, la présence de gîte dépend de leur intégration à un réseau de connectivité à large échelle permettant les échanges d’individus entre gîtes. La deuxième hypothèse testée est que la réduction des flux de gènes entre colonies due à des variations de connectivité fonctionnelle entre gites pourrait conduire à la différentiation génétique des colonies distantes. Pour la tester, nous avons analysé à partir de l’échantillonnage de guano et à l’aide de huit microsatellites la différentiation et la structure génétique des colonies de maternité en relation avec la structure paysagère dans l’ensemble de la région. Malgré l’importante philo patrie des femelles, nos résultats révèlent une faible différentiation génétique entre les colonies cependant structurée. Cette structure génétique n’est ni expliquée par un isolement par la distance ni corrélée aux distances paysagères. Nous pouvons donc conclure que l’habitat du petit rhinolophe est bien connecté en Franche-Comté. Nos résultats suggèrent également que les échanges génétiques se produisent entre colonies proches possiblement via la dispersion des mâles. Ces flux de gènes interviendraient alors en automne juste avant que les mâles et femelles se rejoignent dans le gîte d’hivernageThe lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros was formerly widespread and quite common in north-westernEurope, but has undergone a dramatic decline from the 1960s. Habitat reduction and fragmentation have beensuggested as main factors explaining the decline of this species. Following this assumption, we expected habitatconnectivity to influence the spatial distribution of the maternity roosts. We firstly estimated the functionalconnectivity of the bat’s habitat and modeled the distribution of its colonies in Franche-Comté region (France). Weapplied a landscape graph-based approach to extract several patch-level metrics representing the functionalconnectivity of the landscape at different spatial scales. Those metrics were integrated in a predictive model of thematernity roosts presence according to the landscape context which confirms the role of landscape connectivity in thespecies distribution. Results showed that, at the colony local scale, roost’s presence depends on the availability ofwooded elements near small built areas. At the regional scale, roost’s presence depends on their spatial integration intoa connected network allowing exchanges of individuals among them. The second assumption is that restricted geneflows among colonies due to variations of functional connectivity among maternity roosts may lead to geneticdifferentiation between distant colonies. Based on bat droppings sampling and using eight microsatellite loci, wetested this hypothesis by examining the genetic differentiation of maternity colony at regional scale according tolandscape structure. Despite strong female philopatry our results emphasized a weak but structured geneticdifferentiation within maternity colonies. This genetic structure was neither related to isolation by distance nor tolandscape measures. We could conclude that the Franche-Comté region presents a good overall connectivity for thelesser horseshoe bat. Our results also suggest that genetic exchanges occurred between geographically closed colonies,probably due to male dispersal events. Inter-colony gene flows might occur during mating in the fall, just before malesand females gathering in winter roosts
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Cuyler, Mary Jane. « Origins of Ostia Mythological, Historical and Archaeological Landscapes of the Pre-Imperial Colony ». Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14189.
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Ostia’s origins development prior to the Imperial period are crucial to our understanding of early colonies and Rome’s relationship to the sea. This period of Ostia’s history is difficult to study due to its relative invisibility in the excavated landscape. This thesis presents a critical reexamination of the archaeological, historical and mythological evidence for the republican city. Section I explores the origins of Ostia’s foundations. Chapter 1 presents the mythological “history” of the pre-Imperial city through an analysis of the ancient literary sources. I argue that by locating its harbor’s foundations in the regal period Rome acquired a pedigree to rival other Mediterranean city-states. Late-republican Roman families coopted this mythical history through self-fashioning. Chapter 2 expands the discussion of Ostia’s foundations in light of archaeological and geomorphological evidence for its castrum walls, concluding that the city was fortified in the early 3rd century. Chapter 3 offers a new historical and socio-political framework for this foundation by considering coeval seaside fortifications and Rome’s conflict with Tarentum, which resulted in the Pyrrhic wars and paved the way for the first Punic war. Section II examines the late-republican city. Chapter 4 is a critical reassessment of 3 key inscriptions. I show that Gamala “senior” was probably not the builder of the Quattro Tempietti, that the Regio V Bona Dea temple had no republican phase, and I argue that Cicero’s involvement in the construction of the late-republican wall circuit is unlikely. Chapter 5 presents a new chronology for the Quattro Tempietti. Archival documents reveal that there was an earlier incarnation of the temples, possibly in mudbrick, with a terminus post quem of 107 BCE. In the final chapter I consider this chronology in light of other late Republican and early Imperial structures within the ager publicus.
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Bly, Kristy Lee Sydney. « Influence of local and landscape characteristics of Prairie Dog colonies on Burrowing Owl nest ecology in South Dakota ». Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/bly/BlyK0508.pdf.
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In the Great Plains, sylvatic plague (Yersinia pestis), poisoning, and habitat conversion continue to reduce and fragment black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) habitat in which burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) seek shelter and nest sites. Consequently, burrowing owls are experiencing population declines at the periphery of their range. The objective of this research was to evaluate habitat factors affecting a population of burrowing owls at the eastern extent of their range. I modeled hypothesized relationships between nest density (Chapter 2) and colony productivity (Chapter 3) and prairie dog habitat characteristics at two scales on the Bad River Ranches, South Dakota. Colony size, prairie dog and total burrow density, mean nearest neighbor and mean nest-to-colony edge distances, cover of warm-season grasses, and soil texture were variables measured at the colony level. Landscape level variables included the degree of colony isolation and the topographic location of colonies. In Chapter 4, I evaluated the spatial distribution of nests within colonies. Twenty-six prairie dog colonies were surveyed for burrowing owl nests during the 2005 (n =10) and 2006 (n = 16) breeding seasons. I evaluated competing models of nest density using a likelihood cross-validation approach. The model selection results in Chapter 2 suggested the top a priori predictor of nest density was colony size. Nest density was greatest on small colonies (<20 ha) and lowest on large colonies (>40 ha); in contrast, owl numbers were higher on large colonies. Exploratory analysis identified the interaction between cover of bare ground and colony habitat as the best approximating model of nest density. In Chapter 3, competing models of colony productivity were assessed. Although an additive model containing the degree of isolation, habitat, and colony size had a positive effect on colony productivity, exploratory analysis suggested colony size and the degree of isolation had the strongest influence. In Chapter 4, results showed that owls displayed a strong preference for nesting near colony perimeters, but this did not translate to higher productivity. The associations I observed lend support for the value of maintaining prairie dog colonies to ensure the persistence of burrowing owl populations in the Great Plains ecosystem.
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Liu, Sung-Ta. « Representing national identity within urban landscapes : Chinese settler rule, shifting Taiwanese identity, and post-settler Taipei City ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/442/.
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Academic literature has examined how the transformation of a nation’s state power can give rise to shifts in national identity, and how such shifting identity can be represented in the form of the nation’s changing urban landscape. This thesis investigates that topic in the case of Taiwan, a de facto independent country with almost one hundred years’ experience of ‘colonial’ and then ‘settler’ rule. Both colonial rule and settler rule constitute an outside regime. However, the settler rulers in Taiwan regarded the settled land as their homeland. To secure their supremacy, the settler rulers had to strongly control the political, cultural, and economic interests of the ‘native’ population. Democratisation can be a key factor undermining settler rule. Such a political transition can enable the home population to reclaim state power, symbolising that the nation has entered the post-settler era. This thesis explores how the transition from Japanese colonial rule to Chinese settler rule and then to democratisation gave rise to changes in Taiwanese national identity, and to its reflection in the urban landscape of the capital city, Taipei. The thesis reveals the irony of a transition in which the collapse of settler rule has been unable to drive significant further change in the city’s urban landscape. In other words, the urban landscape of post-settler Taipei City is ‘stuck in transition’. The condition reflects the ambivalence in Taiwanese national identity caused by the unforgettable, yet not really glorious memory of settler rule.
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Rhoné, Fanny. « L'abeille à travers champs : quelles interactions entre Apis mellifera L et le paysage agricole (Gers 32) ? : le rôle des structures paysagères ligneuses dans l'apport de ressources trophiques et leurs répercussions sur les traits d'histoire de vie des colonies ». Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20022/document.
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La majorité des espèces cultivées en Europe (environ 84 %) nécessitent le service de pollinisation pour produire. Depuis plusieurs années, un important déclin des pollinisateurs est observé. Les populations d’abeilles domestiques, partie intégrante de l’agrobiodiversité, sont des bio-indicateurs sensibles de l’état de l’environnement agricole. Celles-ci sont aujourd’hui affectées par des mortalités importantes. Les interactions entre pesticides et pathogènes sont habituellement évoquées comme causes principales de ces mortalités. Cependant au sein de ces agropaysages, la perte de ressources trophiques en quantité et en diversité contribue également à l’affaiblissement des colonies. La qualité et les quantités de ressources trophiques disponibles dans le paysage influencent également leur activité de ponte et leur dynamique de développement. Au regard de ce contexte, cette thèse vise à analyser les interactions entre différents types de structures paysagères situées dans le département du Gers (32, France) et l’évolution des traits d’histoire de vie des colonies d’abeilles domestiques du genre Apis mellifera L. Elle questionne notamment le rôle de la composante ligneuse dans l’apport de ressources trophiques et ses repercussions sur l’évolution des traits d’histoire de vie. L’approche méthodologique développée consiste (i) en une analyse de l’organisation spatiale des six mosaïques paysagères différenciées par un gradient de présence de ligneux, (ii) en un suivi phénologique des ressources floristiques d’intérêt nectarifère et pollinifère, (iii) en un suivi de la dynamique de développement de 43 colonies observées durant deux ans (2010 et 2011) et (iv) en une analyse des strategies de butinage. Les résultats montrent la présence d’une grande diversité d’espèces floristiques d’intérêt nectarifère et pollinifère en contexte agricole gersois (200). Les ligneux constituent la seule sous-unité fonctionnelle permettant un apport conséquent et pérenne de ressources floristiques, tout au long de la saison en complément des cultures. La composante ligneuse et les surfaces cultivées (Brassica napus et Helianthus annuus) constituent les deux sous-unités les plus mobilisées pour la collecte de nectar. Les ligneux sont particulièrement recherchés au cours des périodes prévernale et vernale (première période) notamment au sein des structures paysagères fermées. La fluctuation des ressources floristiques disponibles impacte plus fortement le développement des colonies au sein des structures paysagères ouvertes que fermées. En effet, sur ces derniers, les ligneux permettent d’atténuer ces impacts notamment en période de disette, rendant les colonies plus résilientesMost of the cultivated plants in Europe (84% overall) need pollinators to produce. For several decades, a significant decline in pollinating insects is observed. Honeybees belong to associated agrobiodiversity and are sensitive bio-indicators in agricultural landscapes. They are particularly affected by these losses. Usually, interactions between pesticides and pathogens are seen as the main causes of pollinator populations’ collapse. However, the qualitative and quantitative depletion of food resources in such agricultural landscapes also contribute to the high mortality rates. The spawning activity of the colony’s queen and the metabolic balance of the colony are influenced by the quantity and the quality of plant resources in the landscape. This PhD thesis focuses on the interactions between landscapes structures and honeybees life traits’ evolution in the Gers agricultural department (France). It aims to assess the woody component’s role in supplying trophic resources and its repercussions on the evolution of life traits. The methodology consists (i) in a spatial organization analysis of six landscape mosaics, differentiated by an openess gradient based on the percentage of the woody component cover, (ii) a phenological monitoring of plant resources with pollen and nectar interests, (iii) a monitoring of 43 colonies’ life history traits during two years (2010 and 2011) and (iv) in an analysis of foraging strategies. Results reveal a wide diversity of plant species with nectar and pollen interest in the Gers agricultural context (200). Woody component is the only functional sub-unity which enables a significant and lasting supply of plant resources, during the all season, as additional resources to those of crops. Woody component and cultivated lands (Brassica napus and Helianthus annuus) are the most mobilized sub-unities for nectar gathering. Woody component is particularly looked for in prevernal and vernal periods (first period), above all in closed landscape structures. Variations of available plant resources impact colonies’ development more in open landscape structures than in closed ones. Indeed, in closed landscape structures, woody component enables to reduce consequences, especially in scarcity period, and make colonies more resilient
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Collins, Brenda. « Representations of landscape and gender in Lady Anne Barnard's "Journal of a month's tour into the interior of Africa" ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17744.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis will focus on Barnard’s representations of gender and landscape during her tour into the interior of the South of Africa. Barnard’s conscious representation of herself as a woman with many different social roles gives the reader insight into the developing gender roles at the time of an emerging feminism. On their tour, Barnard reports on four aspects of the interior, namely the state of cultivation of the land, the type of food and accommodation available in the interior, the possibilities for hunting and whether the colony will be a valuable acquisition for Britain. Barnard’s view of the landscape is representative of the eighteenth century’s preoccupation with control over and classification of nature. She values order and cleanliness in her vision of a domesticated landscape. She appropriates the land in wanting to make it useful and beautiful to the colonisers. However, her representations of the landscape, as well as its inhabitants, remain ambivalent in terms of the discourse of imperialism because she is unable to adopt an unequivocal colonial voice. Her complex interaction with the world of colonialism is illustrated by, on the one hand, her adherence to the desire to classify the inhabitants of the colony according to the eighteenth century’s fascination with classification and, on the other hand, her recognition of the humanity of the individuals with whom she interacts in a move away from the colonial stance.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis fokus op Barnard se voorstellings van gender en landskap gedurende haar toer in die binneland van die suide van Afrika. Barnard se bewuste voorstelling van haarself as ‘n vrou met vele sosiale rolle gee die leser insig in die ontwikkelende genderrolle gedurende ‘n tydperk van ontluikende feminisme. Gedurende haar toer doen Barnard verslag oor vier aspekte van die binneland, naamlik hoeveel van die grond reeds bewerk is, die tipe kos en akkommodasie wat beskikbaar is, die jagmoontlikhede, en of die kolonie ‘n waardevolle aanwins vir Brittanje sal wees. Barnard se beskouing van die landskap is verteenwoordigend van die agtiende-eeuse obsessie met beheer oor en klassifikasie van die natuur. Sy heg groot waarde aan orde en netheid in haar visie van ‘n getemde landskap. Sy lê beslag op die land deurdat sy dit bruikbaar en mooi wil maak vir die kolonialiste. Haar voorstellings van die landskap sowel as die inwoners weerspieël egter haar ambivalente posisie jeens die koloniale diskoers omdat sy sukkel om ‘n ondubbelsinnige koloniale stem te gebruik. Haar komplekse interaksie met die wêreld van kolonialisme word weerspieël deur, enersyds, haar navolging van die koloniale neiging om die inwoners van die land te kategoriseer in lyn met die agtiende-eeuse obsessie met klassifikasie en, andersyds, haar herkenning van die menslikheid van die individue met wie sy kontak maak in ‘n skuif weg van die koloniale standpunt.
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Gilles, Amaury. « Vivre et produire dans les campagnes de la colonie de Valence (IIe s. av. J.-C. - VIe s. apr. J.-C.) ». Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2014.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Durant l’Antiquité, Valence bénéficie du prestigieux statut de colonie romaine, au même titre qu’Arles, Vienne et Lyon. Sa position au confluent du Rhône et de l’Isère et au carrefour de plusieurs itinéraires terrestres - Voie d’Agrippa, Voie des Alpes - lui conférait un rôle stratégique et économique considérable. Cette région, au cœur de la moyenne vallée du Rhône, occupe une position charnière qui lui assure, au moins depuis le Premier Âge du fer, un rôle d’intermédiaire entre le bassin méditerranéen et le monde celtique.Elle bascule dans l’orbite de Rome en même temps que la Gaule méridionale, soit dès la fin du IIe s. av. J.-C. Valence est fondée dans un deuxième temps, vraisemblablement entre 46 – 36 av. J.-C. et acquiert son statut de colonie de droit romain peut-être dès cette date avancée selon P. Faure et N. Tran (2013). La fondation d’une colonie romaine s’accompagne d’une division du sol public, matérialisée par une centuriation afin qu’il soit distribué aux membres du corps civique nouvellement créé comprenant plusieurs milliers de colons. Dans ce contexte historique précis, ces citoyens sont principalement des vétérans de l’armée romaine alors constituée majoritairement d’Italiens. Ce phénomène a donc un impact démographique et culturel considérable pour la vie des populations locales. Le statut juridique avantageux conféré à ces communautés leur assure également des avantages économiques importants stimulant les productions agro-pastorales et artisanales. Les travaux consacrés aux provinces gauloises ont montré que les siècles suivants ne sont pas exempts de mutations économiques et culturelles importantes qui touchent les structures de peuplement et de production. Partant de ce constat, j’ai choisi d’aborder cet impact culturel et économique à travers la culture matérielle (vestiges architecturaux, objets de la vie quotidienne) et l’analyse de l’occupation du sol. Le cadre chronologique et spatial retenu doit permettre d’observer de manière dynamique l’évolution des modes de vie et des activités agro-pastorales et artisanales dans les campagnes de la cité de Valence. L’examen des caractéristiques de plusieurs centaines d’établissements ruraux doit permettre de proposer une lecture diachronique et complexe de l’occupation et l’exploitation de ce territoire, d’aborder les rapports qu’entretient la colonie avec l’espace rural. L’approche chronologique et fonctionnelle des bâtiments et des objets de la vie quotidienne permet d’apprécier plus finement l’évolution dans le temps des techniques, des modes de vie, mais aussi de relever la diversité des situations locales à une même périodeDuring the Antiquity, Valence is known as a roman colony like Lyon, Arles or Vienna, settled in the middle Rhône valley at the confluent of the Rhône and the Isère, and also at the crossroads of alpine route and the Via Agrippa. This strategic position confers to the colony an important role in the economy of the roman Gaul. Since the early Iron Age, this area is a link between the mediterranean and the celtic worlds.Even if the region is conquered by Rome since the end of the II c. B.-C., the colony is founded later, perhaps between 46 and 36 B.-C. and maybe already own his prestigious status of colonia of roman rights according to P. Faure and N. Tran hypothesis (2013). As a consequence of the foundation, the public soil is divided, centuriated, and distributed to thousands of new citizens.In this specific historical context, the citizens are chosen among the veterans of the roman army, who were Italians at this time. This decision should have huge demographic and cultural consequences on local communities. The legal status of the citizens gives them considerable economics advantages that stimulate the local economy. The studies devoted to the gallic provinces have shown that the following centuries see numerous changes affecting settlements and economic structures.Considering this historical context, I have chosen to evaluate the cultural and economic impact of this foundation by studying settlement patterns and material culture (architectural remains, objects of the daily life) between the II c. B.-C. to the VIth c. B.-C.The study of few hundreds of settlements allows us to introduce a complex and diachronic view of the settlements, their economic roles and relations with the colony.The chronological and functional study of the buildings and daily life objects allow us to assess finely the evolution through time about craftsmen’s techniques, lifestyle and highlight regional differences during a same period
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Protschky, Susanne School of History UNSW. « Cultivated tastes colonial art, nature and landscape in the Netherlands Indies ». 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40554.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Culitivated Tastes argues for a new evaluation of colonial landscape art and representations of nature from the Netherlands Indies (colonial Indonesia). The thesis focuses on examples from Java, Sumatra, Ambon and Bali during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but also discusses early post-colonial literature. It uses paintings and photography, with supporting references to Dutch colonial novels, to argue that images of landscape and nature were linked to the formation of Dutch colonial identities and, more generally, to the politics of colonial expansion. Paintings were not simply colonial kitsch (mooi Indi??, or 'beautiful Indies', images): they were the purest expression of Dutch ideals about the peaceful, prosperous landscapes that were crucial to uncontested colonial rule. Often these ideals were contradicted by historical reality. Indeed, paintings rarely showed Dutch interventions in Indies landscapes, particularly those that were met with resistance and rebellion. Colonial photographs often supported the painterly ideals of peace and prosperity, but in different ways: photographs celebrated European intrusions upon and restructuring of Indonesian landscapes, communicating the notions of progress and rational, benevolent rule. It is in literature that we find broader discussions of nature, which includes climate as well as topography. Here representations of landscape and nature are explicitly linked to the formation of colonial identities. Dutch anxieties about the boundaries of racial and gender identities were embedded within references to Indies landscape and nature. Inner colonial worlds intersected with perceptions of the larger environment in literature: here the ideals and triumphs associated with Dutch colonial expansion were juxtaposed against fears related to remaining European in a tropical Asian landscape.
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Bricher, PK. « Spatial ecology of Adélie penguin breeding colonies : the effects of landscape, environmental variability and human activities ». Thesis, 2007. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19232/1/whole_BricherPhillippaKate2007_thesis.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Adelie penguins have been widely studied as an "indicator" species for the health of the Southern Ocean ecosystem. However, the effects of climatic variability and human activities on Adelie penguin populations are poorly understood. As many of the Adelie penguin colonies used for long-term demographic studies are located near research stations, there is a need to be able to disentangle the effects of human activities and environmental variability on Adelie penguin populations. This study investigates the landscape properties that drive the locations of Adelie penguin colonies in the Windmill Is, East Antarctica. It also examines whether potential changes in snow cover and/or proximity to human activities best explain the varying population trends of colonies in two breeding localities. While some colonies have been abandoned, or have undergone strong population decreases, the populations of others have grown by more than 1000% in the past 38 years.
This study uses Geographic Information Systems to generate spatial data of landscape, snow accumulation patterns and proximity to human activity parameters. Landscape parameters are derived from fine-scale digital elevation models (DEMs) and snow accumulation patterns are modelled using a complex physically-based GIS model. The parameters are then combined into multivariate statistical models to generate predictions of habitat suitability.
Individually, the landscape attributes, such as elevation, slope, solar radiation, and wetness index, have little power to predict the distribution of colonies within a breeding locality. On the other hand, multivariate models (discriminant analysis and decision tree) derived from these landscape attributes predict the presence or absence of colonies in test grid cells with up to 78.9% accuracy. General rules to describe the distribution of Adelie penguin colonies are not easily derived, as habitat suitability appears to be driven by complex interactions between landscape attributes.
At Whitney Pt, the study site farthest from Casey, modelled snow accumulation parameters explain most of the variation in population trends among colonies (up to 83.7% accuracy, for five classes). At Shirley I, 500 m from Casey, models derived from proximity to human activity parameters correctly predict the trend classes for up to 83.8% of test cells, while models derived from snow accumulation parameters correctly classify up to 57.8% of test cells. This suggests that while snow accumulation patterns are a primary driver of variation in population trends among colonies, the effect of snow accumulation is outweighed by the effects of human activities near Casey.
Livres sur le sujet "Colonized Landscape"
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The archaeology of the colonized. London : Routledge, 2004.
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W, Andersen Jeffrey, Florence Griswold Museum et Guild Hall of East Hampton., dir. En plein air : The art colonies at East Hampton and Old Lyme, 1880-1930 : Florence Griswold Museum, Old Lyme, Connecticut, 20 June-30 July 1989, Guild Hall Museum, East Hampton, New York, 18 June-30 July 1989. [East Hampton] : Guild Hall of East Hampton, 1989.
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Imperial landscapes. New Haven [Conn.] : Yale University Press, 2011.
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Maxim, International Plein Air (3rd 2008 Slavsʹke Ukraine). Maxim : Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ plener z︠h︡yvopysu, Slavsʹko, 5.10.-18.10. 2008. [Slavsʹke?] : [I︠U︡rkovyt︠s︡i︠a︡?], 2008.
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Maxim, International Plein Air (1st 2007 Slavsʹke Ukraine). Maxim : Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ plener z︠h︡yvopysu, Slavsʹke, 2-14.10.2007. Slavsʹke : I︠U︡rkovyt︠s︡i︠a︡, 2007.
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Maxim International Plein Air (2nd 2008 Slavsʹke, Ukraine). Maxim : Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ plener z︠h︡yvopysu, Slavsʹke, 13-25.05.2008. Slavsʹke : I︠U︡rkovyt︠s︡i︠a︡, 2007.
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Maxim International Plein Air (3rd 2008 Slavsʹke, Ukraine). Maxim : Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ plener z︠h︡yvopysu, Slavsʹko, 5.10.-18.10. 2008. [Slavsʹke?] : [I︠U︡rkovyt︠s︡i︠a︡?], 2008.
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Maxim International Plein Air (1st 2007 Slavsʹke, Ukraine). Maxim : Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ plener z︠h︡yvopysu, Slavsʹke, 2-14.10.2007. Slavsʹke : I︠U︡rkovyt︠s︡i︠a︡, 2007.
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Maxim International Plein Air (2nd 2008 Slavsʹke, Ukraine). Maxim : Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ plener z︠h︡yvopysu, Slavsʹke, 13-25.05.2008. Slavsʹke : I︠U︡rkovyt︠s︡i︠a︡, 2007.
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Maxim International Plein Air (1st 2007 Slavsʹke, Ukraine). Maxim : Miz︠h︡narodnyĭ plener z︠h︡yvopysu, Slavsʹke, 2-14.10.2007. Slavsʹke : I︠U︡rkovyt︠s︡i︠a︡, 2007.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Colonized Landscape"
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Hård, Mikael. « Communicating and Trading in West Africa : Talking Drums and Pack Animals ». Dans Microhistories of Technology, 43–70. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22813-1_3.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractIn conventional histories of those parts of the world that were colonized, telegraph lines, railroads, and steamships loom large. Scholars of this “tools-of-empire” tradition have often overlooked the technologies of communication and transportation that existed pre-colonization—and played a decisive role also during colonial rule. For example, in West Africa, talking drums, pack animals, and canoes made up the precolonial “technological landscape”—together with techniques for agriculture, hunting, mineral extraction, and manufacturing. Using the case of French-named Côte d’Ivoire, Chap. 3 illustrates the persistence of the indigenous technological landscape. For decades, colonialists relied on—and even expanded—the extant transportation network of footpaths, caravan routes, and rivers. Telegraph lines and railroad tracks did not form a technological landscape; at most, these technologies were superimposed on an existing, self-contained technological world.
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Byer, Amanda. « Marx and the Dephysicalisation of the Landscape ». Dans Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies, 37–51. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31994-5_5.
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AbstractThis chapter relies on Marx’s later critiques of capitalism (which focused on the relationship between property rights and nature) to explain the final hallmark of property: alienability. Using Marx's metabolic rift theory, the chapter considers how the abstraction of land was achieved through the separation of culture and nature, which created distance between people and their embedded relations with land. This is illustrated with examples from rundale communities in Ireland and the slave colonies of the Caribbean. Converting landscapes to plantation monoculture to maximise exploitation destabilised the landscape dynamic, facilitating displacement, oppression, and enslavement, and socio-ecological crises such as the Famine. The chapter thus draws attention to the spatial consequences of land's dephysicalisation in property law.
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de Britto, Reginaldo Ramos. « 3. Media and Racism ». Dans Landscapes of Investigation, 39–56. Cambridge, UK : Open Book Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0316.03.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this paper, I address the theme of racism in the mathematics classroom in order to investigate the invisibility of black people in printed media. To do this, I describe a pedagogical strategy called the Social Research Group (SRG), which largely originates from critical mathematics education. SRGs are research groups formed by students in basic education who develop thematic investigations. In this text, we describe how the theme of racism was problematised through one of the landscapes of investigation, built on the theme of the visibility of black characters in national magazines. This scenario, in addition to enabling reflection on an important topic for Brazilian society—racial democracy—served to promote the idea that mathematics not only colonises various social practices, but can also be an instrument that helps us to reveal social asymmetries.
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Sabaté Bel, Joaquín. « A Future for Our Past : Textile Colonies in Catalonia ». Dans Topics and Methods for Urban and Landscape Design, 141–56. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51535-9_8.
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Siewior, Kinga. « Regained Landscapes : The Transfer of Power and Tradition in Polish Discourse of the Regained Territories ». Dans East Central Europe Between the Colonial and the Postcolonial in the Twentieth Century, 183–207. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17487-2_8.
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AbstractThe chapter discusses colonial strategies underlying landscape representations of the Regained Territories in the literature of the Polish People’s Republic. These regions, incorporated into Poland after 1945, were at the centre of Polish (and socialist) spatial imaginary, functioning as a mythical place of the origin of Polish statehood and a space of utopian fantasies of a new socialist society, established through state-driven settlement. Foreign landscape, in fact marked by German influence, was to be “recovered” or, rather more accurately, “repossessed,” in practice—Polonised/colonised. Hence, I discern here mechanisms of aestheticisation (ideologisation) of the landscape that oscillated around two basic categories: (1) popular topoi of terra nullius and (2) the specific poetics of familiarity, developed by Jan Bułhak (one of the most influential founders of Polish modern photography) in his pre-war works from the Eastern Borderlands (Kresy)—the space of centuries-old Polish expansion. In the analytical part of the chapter, I focus on how the Eastern Borderlands landscape migrates into western spaces and new ideological and literary contexts, as well as on how Eastern Borderlands colonial tradition functions here as a template for “domestication” of a new Western Borderland.
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Sidorova, Lena, Jenanne Ferguson et Laur Vallikivi. « Signs of Non-recognition : Colonized Linguistic Landscapes and Indigenous Peoples in Chersky, Northeastern Siberia ». Dans Northern Sustainabilities : Understanding and Addressing Change in the Circumpolar World, 135–49. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46150-2_11.
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Lafferton, Emese. « Fragmenting Institutional Landscape. Alternatives of Specialised Institutions, Colonies and Family Care on the Turn-of-the-Century ». Dans Mental Health in Historical Perspective, 245–89. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85706-6_6.
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Augustine, David J., Jennifer E. Smith, Ana D. Davidson et Paul Stapp. « Burrowing Rodents ». Dans Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 505–48. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_15.
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AbstractBurrowing rodents have unusually disproportionate effects on rangeland ecosystems because they (1) engineer their environment through burrow construction and modification of vegetation structure, (2) influence ecosystem processes including aboveground plant production, nutrient cycling rates, and water infiltration patterns, (3) alter plant community composition, and (4) provide a prey base for a diverse array of predators. In some cases, engineering effects create habitat for certain faunal species that inhabit burrows or colonies of these rodents. We review the ecology and management of burrowing rodents that function as ecosystem engineers in western North America, which includes prairie dogs (five species in the genus Cynomys), ground squirrels (11 species in the genera Otospermophilus, Poliocitellus, and Urocitellus), pocket gophers (16 widespread species in the genera Cratogeomys, Geomys, and Thomomys), and kangaroo rats (eight widespread species in the genus Dipodomys). Effects of burrowing rodents on vegetation structure, species composition, and nutrient content vary with diet, degree of sociality, body size, and hibernation patterns, and potentially have significant effects on coexisting large grazers, including domestic livestock. Diets of prairie dogs overlap substantially with livestock. Impacts on ranching enterprises can vary with their abundance and seasonally, and may be greatest when burrowing rodents reduce dormant-season forage availability. Ground squirrel, pocket gopher, and kangaroo rat interactions with livestock vary among species in relation to their diet, degree of coloniality, and population density. All prairie dog and ground squirrel species are affected by outbreaks of plague caused by Yersinia pestis, a non-native disease. Plague and population control via rodenticides are the primary factors determining the distribution and abundance of these species. In contrast, pocket gophers and kangaroo rats are unaffected by plague. Management and conservation efforts that enable burrowing rodents to coexist with livestock across broad landscapes will likely be essential for the conservation of a unique suite of bird, mammal, herpetofaunal and arthropod species that depend on them as prey or on their engineering activities for habitat.
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« “Hideous Fidelity to Nature” : John Glover and the Colonized Landscape ». Dans Colonization, Wilderness, and Spaces Between : Nineteenth-Century Landscape Painting in Australia and the United States. Terra Foundation for American Art, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00293.5.
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« Landscape Influences on Stream Habitats and Biological Assemblages ». Dans Landscape Influences on Stream Habitats and Biological Assemblages, sous la direction de Christopher W. Hoagstrom et Charles R. Berry. American Fisheries Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569766.ch11.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—We reviewed native fish zoogeography in 22 major tributary basins of the Missouri River basin in the Great Plains geomorphic province and used island biogeographical approaches to study the influence of basin area and isolation on faunal composition. Basin area was correlated with elevation range and basin isolation was negatively correlated with annual freeze-free days. Ninety-six species were native to the tributary basins. Ninety-one were of southern (Gulf of Mexico drainage) origin. Fifty were found in four or fewer tributary basins and, except for three mountain species, were only found from the Cheyenne basin downstream. Twenty-five widespread species were either present among tributary basins during glaciation or colonized the region during recession of the continental glaciers. Sixty-six more restricted species presumably colonized more recently. Five species colonized from Pacific Ocean drainages via interdrainage connections in the Rocky Mountains. The hypothesis that variation between some closely related Great Plains fishes reflects the former presence of a prehistoric “Ancient Plains Drainage” is no longer tenable given recent geological findings, but a series of stream captures between the ancient Arkansas and Kansas basins could account for such variation. All analyses indicated that native fish faunal composition among tributary basins was heavily influenced by factors related to basin area and isolation. A presence–absence matrix of fishes by tributary basin had very high nestedness, whether ordered by basin area or basin isolation. Cluster analysis of Wilcoxon two-sample tests of individual species distributions revealed seven species groups with distinct distribution patterns. The three largest groups were most prevalent in less isolated (southern) tributary basins. A nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) based on Sørensen’s index of similarity indicated that two axes (both correlated with tributary basin isolation, one correlated with tributary basin area) accounted for 95% of variance between distance in the ordination space and distance in the original <em>n</em>-dimensional space. A cluster analysis of NMDS scores identified five tributary basin groups. The five southernmost basins (Kansas to White) composed one group, and the eight basins to the north (Bad to Little Missouri) composed another. The nine northernmost basins were split into three groups, one including small basins isolated from the Rocky Mountains, another including large basins with Rocky Mountain headwaters, and the last including two basins that were mostly within the Rocky Mountains. The influence of tributary basin area on faunal composition was presumably due to increased chance of colonization, higher habitat stability, and higher habitat diversity in larger tributary basins. The influence of tributary basin isolation was presumably due to higher colonization rates and more equitable climate in southern tributary basins. Fish faunas of the Missouri River basin in the Great Plains have experienced cyclical geomorphic and climatic instability for roughly 2.8 million years and were assembled like island faunas by variable colonization and extinction rates mediated by tributary basin area and isolation. This contrasts with the highly diverse freshwater fish faunas of the Central Highlands that have differentiated through speciation within regions that have been relatively stable geomorphically and climatically for more than 38 million years.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Colonized Landscape"
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Cojocaru, Alina. « THE IMPACT OF MIGRATION ON URBAN REGENERATION : DISCOURSES SURROUNDING THE REPRESENTATIONS OF CARIBBEAN IMMIGRANTS IN POST-WORLD WAR II BRITISH PRESS ». Dans 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s14.123.
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This article proposes an interdisciplinary approach to the discourses surrounding the arrival and settlement of Caribbean immigrants in London. The theoretical approach draws on the interplay between theories on migrant memory (Derrida), discourse (Foucault) and spatial literary studies (Bhabha, Moslund) to examine the role of migration in the creation of the modern multicultural, cosmopolitan city against the racism encoded in the public discourse and the migration crisis reinforced by the British press. The research objective is to investigate the confluence of media representations, life narratives and fictional depictions of Caribbean immigrants in post-war London, as well as the ensuing changes and exchanges within the urban landscape caused by the flow of immigrants, in particular by the arrival of the first generation of Commonwealth immigrants on board the Empire Windrush, which marked the inception of a multicultural London and a superimposition of the cultural and spatial arrangement of the colonizer and the colonized. In addition to the ensuing hybrid spaces of modernity, it is argued that the discursive space generates cognitive maps and geographies of memory that offer an insight into the post-World War II spatial intersections and cultural disruptions, from the �hypermnesia� (Derrida) of the immigrants to their crossing of �landguage� (Moslund) borders. The narrative design rendered through a spatial lens advances an innovative portrayal of the modern city both as a geographical location and as a set of relations anchored in a socio-political reality.
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Zunno, Antonio. « La fortezza e il suo giardino : uno sguardo dal mare ». Dans FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia : Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11368.
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The fortress and its garden: a view from the seaThe Fortress was built from 1554, on the ruins of an ancient convent, at the behest of Philip of Austria, and it was completed in about 55 years under the direction of Giulio Cesare Falco, knight of the Order of Malta and Captain General against the Turks. The maine structure, called Forte a Mare, was joined with the Opera a Corno, a mighty rampart with the function of enclosure of the intermediate island, separated from the other island in 1598 by the construction of the Angevin canal: here were arranged the lodgings of the troops and garrisons. Castello and Forte, were named by the Spaniards Isla Fortalera que abre el Puerto Grande, because of its particular position to protect the port. The complex was entrusted to the Germans in 1715, then conquered by the French Revolutionaries and, in 1815, re-annexed to the Kingdom of Naples and destined to lazaretto. A period of decline follows until the end of the 19th century when Brindisi became a first class naval base and the fort became a garrison of the Royal Navy, destined, during the Great War, to recover torpedoes and detonators The recovery of the complex, starting in the 1980s, allowed the conservation of the structures but was never included in a real valorisation program. With this intervention in progress, a first visit is expected through the visit from the walkways through a circular route from the Castle to the whole Opera in Corno: the itinerary will allow you to retrace the history of the Fortress and enjoy a unique view from the high towards the sea, also through the passage in a curtain of Mediterranean scrub that has colonized the walls over the centuries, creating a veritable hanging garden on the sea. The aim is to lead the visitor to the rediscovery a forgotten place that is closely connected to the coastal landscape, for which it is a privileged point of view also in relation to the city and the port.
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Castañé Sanmartín, Marta. « El (Ter)annà d’un territori industrialitzat : dels molins a les grans colònies industrials ». Dans Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona : Maestría en Planeación Urbana y Regional. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6048.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Al 1824 es té constància a Torelló del primer molí hidràulic per a moldre el blat que canvia la seva concessió
de l’aigua per a utilitzar-la per cardar la llana i el cotó. Aquell mateix any ja es troben diferents concessions
per utilitzar les aigües per a una fàbrica tèxtil a Roda de Ter i a Manlleu. És a partir d’aquest moment quan
durant els pròxims 150 anys, el Ter passa a ser colonitzat en tot el seu recorregut per fàbriques que
acabarien transformant el territori i el paisatge. La industrialització del Ter va comportar unes 29 colònies
industrials i 37 fàbriques tèxtils (BAYON 2005), a més de noves vies de comunicació, el ferrocarril, nous
habitatges, ponts i canals, que van transformar i canviar un territori eminentment rural. El resultat és un dels
rius més densificats i amb una distribució en el territori de petites taques disperses. La conca fluvial del Ter,
des de l’edat mitjana ja era una vall poblada i treballada per pagesos i camperols. Quan la indústria vol
implantar-se a la vall, no es troba amb un territori erm. L’agricultura deixa unes preexistències que
condicionaran la posició de les noves fàbriques. Per tant, un projecte territorial basat en l’ús de l’aigua i el
rendiment econòmic que s’inicia amb la posició d’aquestes preexistències de l’agricultura en el territori del
Ter. Un patrimoni que també s’ha de tenir present en la història de la indústria. Tot aquest patrimoni, ja no té
una funció industrial; no és només un rastre de la història i de la identitat del lloc, sinó que és també una
oportunitat per a seguir construint un futur per al territori. Aquest article forma part d’una investigació que
pretén explicar com van succeir aquests canvis i perquè en el Ter tenen un tarannà diferent. In 1824 there is evidence in Torelló of the first hydraulic mill to grind wheat that changes water’s concession
to use it for carding wool and cotton. That same year, different concessions to use the water for a textile
plant are found in Roda de Ter and Manlleu. From that moment, and during 150 Ter River would be
colonized in its entire itinerary by plants that would end up transforming the territory and the landscape. The
industrialization of the Ter River implied around 29 industrial colonies and 37 textile plants (BAYON 2005),,
as well as new communication routes, the railway, new housing, bridges and canals that transformed and
changed the existent rural territory. The result is one of the most densified rivers with a territorial distribution
of small disperse patches. Since middle age the Ter river basin was a populated area cultivated by farmers.
Tracks left by agriculture will influence industry settlement, affecting the location of the new plants location.
In fact, this regional project, based on the water as a energy and the economical benefits, starts on the
watermills. This heritage has to be in the industrial history. All this heritage, which has not industrial function,
is currently not just a track from the history and identity of the place, but also an opportunity to keep building
a future for the territory. This paper is part of a research that expects to explain how these changes took
place and why do they have a different character (tarannà) in the Ter river.
4
Khandohiy, A. V., et M. V. Hrachykhin. « CORVUS FRUGILEGUS ECOLOGY IN MINSK REGIONAL CENTRES OF BELARUS ». Dans SAKHAROV READINGS 2021 : ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-2-359-361.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Environnemental features of corvus frugilegus in urbanized landscapes of the capital and regional centres of Belarus are considered. The dynamics of the population of the species depending on the differentiation of housing development and anthropogenic load is determined. The nature of the biotopic, spatial distribution of rook colonies and estimated indicators of the number of species in the city of Minsk were revealed.
5
Rotheray, Ellen L. « Quantification of the floral landscape in agro-ecosystems and its effect on bumble bee colonies ». Dans 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113478.
Texte intégral
6
Umetaliev, Akylbek. « Value Chain in Export Honey ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02245.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper examines creating a value chain in export honey from the Kyrgyz Republic. The annual production is 12,000 tons, 500 tons are exported. The Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR model) at three stages of optimization of honey production has been adapted. The following research methods were used: desk study, survey of producers and consumers, interviews with relevant organizations, personal observations retailers. At the initial stage of optimization, recommended to maintain planning of the number of bee colonies. How to effectively use natural resources for bee colonies - finding useful flora (a flowering mass of plants to collect nectar) and finding areas with the best climate (temperature, humidity, sunshine, air movement) are the objectives of action plan for interim stage. The natural mountain landscape, the sun, air, water give honey special qualities, therefore, at the final stage of market promotion, honey must acquire potential status as a unique product. For honey producers there are two optimal options for export. The first is the packaging of honey in a container of 0.1–0.2 l., and positioning it as an expensive premium product. High marketing costs are offset by high added value in the supply chain. The second is the delivery of honey in large containers of 20–30 l., for further packaging, already in the territory of the buyer. An attractive choice for honey producers with guaranteed product sales and high profitability of sales. Research results increase honey production up to 30% and export volume up to 7%.
7
Somoza Medina, Marta. « La forma de las estructuras agrarias tradicionales : relaciones con la agricultura ecológica : el caso de Allariz ». Dans Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona : Maestría en Planeación Urbana y Regional. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6040.
Texte intégralRésumé :
El medio rural en el interior de Galicia presenta un rico patrimonio cultural y económico basado en la
pervivencia de las formas construidas (tanto de caserío como de sus territorios colonizados), y en la
presencia de unos suelos fértiles con condiciones propicias para agriculturas de alta calidad. El estudio
plantea definir cuáles son los elementos estructurantes de los sistemas agrícolas tradicionales, las
características de las formas construidas asociadas a ellas y sus paisajes, para que a partir de su
reconocimiento se puedan establecer herramientas de planeamiento y gestión.
La investigación delimita su ámbito de estudio en la provincia de Ourense, aportando el análisis de dos
parroquias alaricanas, incluidas en la reserva de biosfera Área de Allariz, de las que se analizan las
estructuras fijas en la evolución, el parcelario y las coberturas introduciendo, cuestiones relativas a la
fragmentación de las unidades de cultivo, al sistema agrario y a ciertas prácticas tradicionales ecológicas. Galicia´s rural interior presents a rich cultural heritage an economic based on the survival of built forms (both
village and its colonized territories) and in the presence of fertil soils with conditions for high quality
agriculture. The study proposes to define which the structural elements of traditional agricultural systems
are, the characteristics of the built forms associated with them and the landscapes in order to stablish
planning and management tools from their recognition.
The research defines its scope of study in the province of Ourense, providing an analysis on two Allariz´
parishes included in the biosphere reserve Área de Allariz, of wich fixed structures, parcel and coverage are
discussed, introducing issues of plots fragmentation, agricultural system and certain traditional practices.
8
Martínez, Mónica. « Los pueblos del desierto : conquista, urbanización y puesta en producción del territorio de La Pampa, Argentina (1879-1930) ». Dans Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona : Instituto de Arte Americano. Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.5919.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Este estudio aborda la ocupación nacional del territorio de La Pampa y el desplazamiento de la cultura indígena
- tras la conquista - avanzando sobre el "desierto", así como las sucesivas etapas de trazado, distribución
de la tierra, fundación de pueblos y puesta en producción, poniendo de manifiesto la existencia de un
plan de urbanización y colonización del territorio que integra - en un corto plazo - a la Argentina al sistema
económico mundial. Iniciado el Siglo XX, una fiebre de pueblos se trazan y mantienen una fuerte actividad
productiva rural con su entorno, apoyados en un modelo dominado por el trazado ferroviario que integra los
elementos de configuración territorial – rieles, cuadros de estaciones, estaciones, caminos rurales, trazado
de las colonias - a la escala urbana. El estudio de los pueblos - su tipificación tentativa, las teorías y modelos
de referencia - constituye el objetivo central de esta presentación. Su conocimiento permite verificar los
rasgos principales de la morfología, el paisaje y la identidad de este territorio. This study addresses the national occupation of the territory of La Pampa and displacement of indigeno us
culture - after the conquest - progress in the "desert" and tracing the successive stages, distribution of land,
establishment of peoples and put into production, showing the existence of a development plan and colonization of the territory that integrates Argentina - in the short-term - to the economic world system. At the beginning of the twentieth century, immigrants have a strong rural productive activity with their environment,
supported by a dominant railway layout that integrates spatial configuration items - rails, stations, roads, colonies path - to the urban scale. The study of towns, their tentative definition, theories and models of reference, is the focus of this resentation. The purpose of this study is to verify the main features of the morphology, landscape and identity of these towns.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Colonized Landscape"
1
Tronstad, Lusha. Aquatic invertebrate monitoring at Agate Fossil Beds National Monument : 2019 data report. National Park Service, avril 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293128.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Monitoring ecosystems is vital to understanding trends over time and key to detecting change so that managers can address perturbations. Freshwater streams are the lifeblood of the surrounding landscape, and their health is a measure of the overall watershed integrity. Streams are the culmination of upland processes and inputs. Degradation on the landscape as well as changes to the stream itself can be detected using biota living in these ecosystems. Aquatic invertebrates are excellent indicators of ecosystem quality because they are relatively long-lived, sessile, diverse, abundant and their tolerance to perturbation differs. Aquatic invertebrates were monitored at three sites along the Niobrara River at Agate Fossil Beds National Monument in 2019 completing 23 years of data using Hester-Dendy and Hess samplers. Hess samplers are artificial multi-plate samplers suspended in the water column to allow invertebrates to colonize and Hess samples collect invertebrates in a known area on natural substrate and vegetation. We identified 45 invertebrate taxa from four phyla (Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Nematoda) using both samplers in the Niobrara River (Appendix A and B). Hester-Dendy samplers collected 4 taxa not found in Hess samples and Hess samples collected 17 taxa not collected with Hester-Dendy samplers. Hess samples captured more (91%) than Hester-Dendy samples (62%). Crustacea, Diptera and Ephemeroptera were the most abundant groups of invertebrates collected in the Niobrara River. The proportion of Insecta, Annelida, Trichoptera and Diptera differed between Hester-Dendy and Hess samples (p < 0.05). EPT richness, proportion EPT taxa and Hilsenhoff’s Biotic Index (HBI) (p < 0.0001) differed between sampler types, but taxa richness, taxa diversity and evenness (p > 0.29) did not. We collected the highest density of invertebrates at the Agate Middle site. Agate Spring Ranch had the lowest taxa richness and HBI, and the highest proportion of EPT taxa. HBI at the sites ranged from 4.0 to 6.3 (very good to fair from Hilsenhoff 1987) using the Hester-Dendy and 5.2 to 6.9 (good to fairly poor from Hilsenhoff 1987) using the Hess sampler.