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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Colonization – Social aspects »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Colonization – Social aspects"

Benlahcene, Badrane. « Muslim-European Civilizational Encounters ; French Colonization of Algeria ; Its Framework and Impacts on Algerian Society and Culture ». Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization 10, n^o 101 (juin 2020) : 24–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jitc.101.02.

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The paper discusses the French colonization of Algeria, within the context of Muslim European civilizational encounters. It focuses more on the European colonization process in the world in general, and the so-called “mission civilisatrice” of French colonization of Algeria in particular. It takes the period from 1830 until 1962 as its interval of analysis, by analyzing the various changes that the colonizers brought to the Algerian society and people during their 132 years of colonization. The paper found that the French Colonization of Algeria is one of the most violent, radical and hegemonic civilizational encounters between the Muslim world and Europe. Moreover, Algeria has experienced one of the severe processes of colonization, which affected all aspects of the Algerian natives’ lives, and the colonizers changed the structure of society and the social institutions as well as their cultural traditions, which experienced severe damage.

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TERESHCHENKO, Elena. « Eastern Murman : Social Aspects of Colonization in the Materials of Expeditions and Travel Notes of the 2nd Half of the 19th — Early 20th Centuries ». Arctic and North, n^o 41 (24 décembre 2020) : 261–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/issn2221-2698.2020.41.261.

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The article discusses several social aspects of the colonization of Eastern Murman (everyday life, daily work, religious beliefs, schooling, leisure). The historiographic analysis made it possible to identify the specifics of the local (everyday) history of the Kola Peninsula colonization. In the works of A.P. Engelhardt, A.G. Slezskinsky, S.Yu. Witte, S.O. Makarov, V.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, K.K. Sluchevsky, D.N. Ostrovsky, A.K. Engelmeyer, V.I. Manotskov, A.K. Sidensner, N.V. Romanov, “Materials on the statistical study of Murman” and other sources provide facts from personal and family biography, the circumstances of resettlement to the Murmansk coast, living conditions, home furnishings, especially the education and upbringing of children. The descriptions of the migrants’ lifestyle recorded in the materials of expeditions and travel notes allow us to conclude that the colonists’ socio-cultural adaptation in Eastern Murman, the creation of a human habitat, was primarily associated with the development of the institution of the family. In general, the history of colonization is a unique experience in the development of the Arctic — one of the most productive in world history, which is vital for understanding the Russian North’s geography.

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Peshkov, Ivan. « B(ordering) Utopia in Birobidzhan : Spatial Aspects of Jewish Colonization in Inner Asia ». Changing Societies & ; Personalities 5, n^o 2 (9 juillet 2021) : 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/csp.2021.5.2.130.

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The borderline territory serves a double purpose, being simultaneously zones of cultural contact and cultural barriers–administrative and often civilizational. This ambivalence frequently affects borderline area inhabitants turning them into hostages of border management regimes and outside projections concerning their cultural and civilizational status, and the authenticity of forms of their culture representation. In the case of Birobidzhan, we are dealing with an absolutely modern project of creating ethnic territoriality without reference to the historical context and far from the places of traditional settlement of the Jewish population. The implementation of this project put the Jewish settlers at the center of a complex process of border management and securitization of the border areas. The factors of border and “remoteness” are largely underestimated in Birobidzhan studies. The article fills this niche, emphasizing the spatial aspects of the implementation of the “anti-Zionist utopia” and its complex relationship with previous models of territoriality in the region and local inhabitants.

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TUPARA, HOPE. « Ethics, Kawa, and the Constitution : Transformation of the System of Ethical Review in Aotearoa New Zealand ». Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 20, n^o 3 (20 mai 2011) : 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180111000053.

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New Zealand is a South Pacific nation with a history of British colonization since the 19th century. It has a population of over four million people and, like other indigenous societies such as in Australia and Canada, Māori are now a minority in their land, and their experience of colonization is that of being dominated by settlers to the detriment of their own systems of society.

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Khomyakov, Maxim. « Russia : Colonial, anticolonial, postcolonial Empire ? » Social Science Information 59, n^o 2 (juin 2020) : 225–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018420929804.

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This article is devoted to the discussion of Russian colonial and anti-colonial social imaginaries. It starts by delving into the definitions of colony and colonization, and proceeds to the analysis of the colonial experience of the Russian continental Empire. The internal colonization thesis is also analyzed in the context of the imperial reality. The complex Soviet experience is understood as, on the one hand, a radical break with the past, through decolonization and anti-colonialism. The author, on the other hand, agrees with those who claim that Stalinism can also be understood in terms of an internal colonialism theory. This article, however, emphasizes the metaphoric nature of the internal colonialism arguments. In conclusion, the author describes different features of Russian colonial/anti-colonial experience as aspects of what he calls the modernity of control and what he describes as the dominance of the rational mastery discourses over imaginary signification of autonomy.

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Khalidova, Olga B. « SECTARIAN COLONIZATION OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN THE CONTEXT OF INTEGRATIVE PRACTICES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE 19TH - EARLY 20TH CENTURIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF DAGESTAN) ». Study of Religion, n^o 1 (2019) : 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/2072-8662.2019.1.38-46.

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The article analyzes one of the aspects of the domestic Caucasian policy of the Russian Empire which facilitates the involvement of the territory and the population in the all-Russian socio-political field in this article. Resettlement policy became one of the forms of integration. The result of this practice was not only economic development of the region, but also a change in its socio-demographic background by resettling mainly the East Slavic population with the aim of strengthening the Russian component in the social structure of the population. Russian policy of settlement of the prairies regions of the North Caucasus, having the colonization in nature, has not only become one of the main factors of national, social and religious variegation of the region. One of the key components of migration was the religious aspect. Focusing on the religion of immigrants, the Russian government has contributed to the spread of not only the Orthodox religion in the region, but also the appearance here of the sectarians...

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Aminuddin, M. Faishal. « Poskolonial dan Developmentalisme : Telaah Kritis ». Global Focus 2, n^o 1 (30 avril 2022) : 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jgf.2022.002.01.1.

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The relation between postcolonial theory and developmentalism does not run linearly, but there is a contradictory dialogue space. This article aims to explain the rejection of postcolonial theory to the paradigm and practice of developmentalism through an evaluation of debates in the philosophical realm. This article answers the debates in postcolonial studies, including the theorizing of political economy, development, and international politics. This rejection stems from the fact that developmentalism is considered a new form of colonization in the economic aspect, extending to social, political, and cultural aspects. The results show that the opposition of postcolonial theory to developmentalism can be explained through four discussions as the unit of analysis, which consists of the international trade system, capital distribution schemes, the role of global institutions, and the existence of the state and its people.

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Czingon, Claudia, Aletta Diefenbach et Victor Kempf. « Moral Universalism at a Time of Political Regression : A Conversation with Jürgen Habermas about the Present and His Life’s Work ». Theory, Culture & ; Society 37, n^o 7-8 (27 novembre 2020) : 11–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276420961146.

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In the present interview, Jürgen Habermas answers questions about his wide-ranging work in philosophy and social theory, as well as concerning current social and political developments to whose understanding he has made important theoretical contributions. Among the aspects of his work addressed are his conception of communicative rationality as a countervailing force to the colonization of the lifeworld by capitalism and his understanding of philosophy after Hegel as postmetaphysical thinking, for which he has recently provided a comprehensive historical grounding. The scope and relevance of his ideas can be seen from his reflections on current issues, ranging from the prospects of translational democracy at a time of resurgent nationalism and populism, to political developments in Germany since reunification, to the role of religion in the public sphere and the impact of the new social media on democratic discourse.

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Wafiyah, Wafiyah. « PRIORITAS BERDAKWAH PADA MASA PENJAJAHAN BELANDA DI INDONESIA ». Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah 35, n^o 2 (21 août 2017) : 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/jid.v35.2.1610.

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This paper explains religion views to colonization, Dutch colonization in Indonesian, the da’wah priorities during Dutch colonization era, the Dutch responses toward Indonesian resistance, and the Indonesian responses toward Dutch colonization in Indonesia. Dutch colonists, trade monopoly, voyage and politics power that happened in Indonesia have really contradicted against Indonesian tradition. Although they often lost during the wars, but the agitation of Islam did not reduce their spirit to fight the Dutch. From this phenomenon, Dutch colonists, then, tried to eliminate Islamic influences from Indonesian people through:The negative effects of Dutch colonization, then, encouraged the emergence of Muslim Organizations and nationalistic movements concerning on the aspects of da’wah, education, economic social and politics.***Tulisan ini menggambarkan tentang pandangan agama terhadap penjajahan Belanda di Indonesia, prioritas dakwah pada masa penjajahan Belanda, respon penjajah Belanda terhadap perlawanan bangsa Indonesia untuk menghilangkan pengaruh Islam di Indonesia dan respon balik masyarakat Indonesia terhadap penjajahan Belanda. Penjajah Belanda, monopoli perdagangan, pelayaran dan kekuasaan politik. Hal ini sangat bertentangan dengan tradisi di Indonesia. Karenanya menyulut reaksi sengit bangsa Indonesia untuk memerangi mereka. Walau selalu kalah namun agitasi Islam tidak menyurutkan semangat bangsa Indonesia untuk tetap memerangi Belanda, karena itulah penjajah Belanda berusaha menghilangkan pengaruh Islam bagi bangsa Indonesia. Kondisi negatif bangsa Indonesia akibat terjajah oleh Belanda, dipengaruhi juga oleh gerakan pembaharuan di luar negeri, juga ajaran Islam yang memerintahkan umatnya untuk menggunakan akal dalam merealisasikan ajaran Islam agar tujuan rahmatan lil alamin bisa tercapai, mendorong para da’i untuk mengambil langkah-langkah pembaharuan, melalui organisasi Islam yang bergerak dalam bidang : dakwah, pendidikan, sosial ekonomi dam politik.

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Wafiyah, Wafiyah. « PRIORITAS BERDAKWAH PADA MASA PENJAJAHAN BELANDA DI INDONESIA ». Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah 35, n^o 2 (21 août 2017) : 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/jid.v35i2.1610.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Colonization – Social aspects"

Saari, Trent Adam. « Democratizing the City Through the Colonization of Public Space : A Case Study of Portland Food Not Bombs ». PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2393.

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The implementation of neoliberal economic and political policies is often touted as a way to increase overall individual well-being and freedom. While these policies may benefit those already wielding economic security and political power, marginalized populations often bear the negative cost associated with such policies. As deregulation and privatization increases, social safety nets and social spending are dramatically reduced. At the local level, liberalization has resulted in increased surveillance and regulation of public space. Organized resistance to global corporatization and increased economic and political marginalization has occurred across the globe. Resisting neoliberalism is complex as the adaptability of the state and capital requires an adaptive form of resistance. Portland Food Not Bombs provides an empirical example of an oppositional social movement organization that resists neoliberal logic and reclaims public space for collective use by serving free meals. This case study includes participant observation of both Portland FNB chapters conducted at chapter specific meal preparation and serving sites. It also includes ten interviews with individuals who are heavily involved with the SMO. Publicly available documents such as Facebook pages, chapter specific websites, and the FNB website provided important contextual information as well. This study finds that the organizational structure of Portland FNB lends itself to more democratic practices and ideals, coinciding with the values of the respondents. Through transparent, consensus decision-making and a resistance to formal leadership, Portland FNB facilitates a different form of political engagement. By using public space, Portland FNB temporarily alters the physical urban environment by socially constructing a more inclusive space, emphasizing that collectively using public space, is indeed a human right. Portland FNB seeks to create a more just society within the existing institutional framework, while rejecting practices associated with 501(c)(3) organizations and other mainstream SMOs.

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Lauro, Reno E. « Beyond the colonization of human imagining and everyday life : crafting mythopoeic lifeworlds as a theological response to hyperreality ». Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3207.

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This work takes up urban historian Lewis Mumford's concern for the phenomena of planned and imposed ordering of human life and societies. Mumford (and others) suggests the problem consists in the use of external plans, technologies (and media) to manipulate, dominate, and even coerce forms of life. It is seen at its worst in war, and even forced systems like Nazism and Stalinism. But these phenomena also take more attractive and seemingly enriching forms. We will focus (along with Daniel Boorstin and Umberto Eco in their own way) on forms which have massively developed in 20th and 21st century society: market and consumer saturation, shaped by dominating mass electronic media. This situation is developed imaginatively, and inventively, yet problematically, in Jean Baudrillard's theory of Hyperreality –a critique of the Western hyper-consumer and media saturated world. But his methods and pictures are not followed here. We take up a very different approach and diagnosis; This approach has become increasingly multidisciplinary: phenomenological, praxeological, anthropological, and philological. We build it up in a reading of human lifeworlds in philosophers Martin Heidegger and Ludwig Wittgenstein, and anthropologist Tim Ingold. This work does not go in for a picture of language (and cinema) as a system of signification, but as Ludwig Wittgenstein describes it, as tools always already involved in forms of life. We also offer a unique characterization of corporeal imagining and the imaginative creation of lifeworlds, paving the way for what is described as philological resistance: this resistance is seen in the development of a certain praxeological philology and fully realized in the 20th century author J. R. R. Tolkien's mythopoeic concerns. We focus particularly on what we call the double- transfer: the cyclic structure between human artistry and life-world building, each shaped by the other. We endeavor, along with Mumford and others, to counter colonization and find various less manipulated and un-coerced forms of life, and their informal organizing structures. We examine in detail Tolkien's literary and philological project; and the 20th and 21st century's first art form –cinema. Through the philosophical exploration of cinematic craft in Gilles Deleuze, and in the craft of Terrence Malick we see, and are taken up in, the inextricable relationship between how we make, what we make and how we live everyday life.

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Simmons, Stephanie Catherine. « Exploring Colonization and Ethnogenesis through an Analysis of the Flaked Glass Tools of the Lower Columbia Chinookans and Fur Traders ». Thesis, Portland State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1560956.

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This thesis is an historical archaeological study of how Chinookan peoples at three villages and employees of the later multicultural Village at Fort Vancouver negotiated the processes of contact and colonization. Placed in the theoretical framework of practice theory, everyday ordinary activities are studied to understand how cultural identities are created, reinforced, and changed (Lightfoot et al. 1998; Martindale 2009; Voss 2008). Additionally uneven power relationships are examined, in this case between the colonizer and the colonized, which could lead to subjugation but also resistance (Silliman 2001). In order to investigate these issues, this thesis studies how the new foreign material of vessel glass was and was not used during the everyday practice of tool production.

Archaeological studies have found that vessel glass, which has physical properties similar to obsidian, was used to create a variety of tool forms by cultures worldwide (Conte and Romero 2008). Modified glass studies (Harrison 2003; Martindale and Jurakic 2006) have demonstrated that they can contribute important new insights into how cultures negotiated colonization. In this study, modified glass tools from three contact period Chinookan sites: Cathlapotle, Meier, and Middle Village, and the later multiethnic Employee Village of Fort Vancouver were examined. Glass tool and debitage analysis based on lithic macroscopic analytical techniques was used to determine manufacturing techniques, tool types, and functions. Additionally, these data were compared to previous analyses of lithics and trade goods at the study sites.

This thesis demonstrates that Chinookans modified glass into tools, though there was variation in the degree to which glass was modified and the types of tools that were produced between sites. Some of these differences are probably related to availability, how glass was conceptualized by Native Peoples, or other unidentified causes. This study suggests that in some ways glass was just another raw material, similar to stone, that was used to create tools that mirrored the existing lithic technology. However at Cathlapotle at least, glass appears to have been relatively scarce and perhaps valued even as a status item. While at Middle Village, glass (as opposed to stone) was being used about a third of the time to produce tools.

Glass tool technology at Cathlapotle, Meier, and Middle Village was very similar to the existing stone tool technology dominated by expedient/low energy tools; however, novel new bottle abraders do appear at Middle Village. This multifaceted response reflects how some traditional lifeways continued, while at the same time new materials and technology was recontextualized in ways that made sense to Chinookan peoples.

Glass tools increase at the Fort Vancouver Employee Village rather than decrease through time. This response appears to be a type of resistance to the HBC's economic hegemony and rigid social structure. Though it is impossible to know if such resistance was consciously acted on or was just part of everyday activities that made sense in the economic climate of the time.

Overall, this thesis demonstrates how a mundane object such as vessel glass, can provide a wealth of information about how groups like the Chinookans dealt with a changing world, and how the multiethnic community at Fort Vancouver dealt with the hegemony of the HBC. Chinookan peoples and the later inhabitants of the Fort Vancouver Employee Village responded to colonization in ways that made sense to their larger cultural system. These responses led to both continuity and change across time. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Caquel, Marie. « Transferts culturels et gastronomie : les relations entre la France et le Maroc de la fin du XIXe siècle jusqu’à nos jours ». Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0306/document.

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À l’heure où les débats politiques se cristallisent autour du multiculturalisme, de la peur de la mondialisation et des récentes arrivées de migrants, ceci dans une Europe qui développe un repli sur soi, il semble important de redonner une profondeur historique aux échanges de toutes sortes entre les différentes rives de la Méditerranée. La cuisine en tant qu’objet d’analyse montre comment différents pays ont pu s’influencer mutuellement culturellement au point qu’il est difficile aujourd’hui de déterminer exactement l’origine d’une recette. Cependant, il existe toujours des résistances à certains traits culturels de l’Autre et ceci se voit à travers les habitudes alimentaires. Ce travail de recherche étudie les relations gastronomiques entre la France et le Maroc en utilisant le paradigme du transfert culturel. Il montre comment un aliment ou une recette passe ou non les frontières (culturelles et géographiques) et pourquoi. Pour cela, trois contextes ont été définis. La colonisation provoque une des grandes « rencontres » ayant marqué les deux sociétés jusqu’à aujourd’hui. L’alimentation est en effet au cœur des rapports de pouvoir en contexte colonial. Le deuxième facteur de la « rencontre » entre ces deux sociétés est le phénomène migratoire. Après avoir déterminé ses propres stratégies pour se nourrir lui-même en tant qu’individu, le migrant a un rôle dans les transferts culturels gastronomiques entre son pays et la France, notamment lorsque l’on sait que le secteur de l’alimentation est choisi par beaucoup de migrants marocains pour s’installer en France. Le migrant a un rôle d’innovateur en matière gastronomique pendant que l’on voit aussi évoluer les pratiques des sociétés française et européenne au regard de cette migration. En somme, à travers les pratiques alimentaires, les notions d’intégration, d’assimilation et d’acculturation sont réinterrogées. La recherche se termine enfin par une vision d’ensemble qui est celle de la mondialisation et de la volonté politique du Maroc d’utiliser ses ressources d’ordre gastronomique pour se placer sur la scène internationale
At a time when political debates are crystallizing around multiculturalism, fear of globalization and furthermore the recent arrival of migrants in a Europe which is developing a withdrawal into itself, it seems important to restore some historical depth to the exchanges between the various shores of the Mediterranean area. Food as an object of analysis shows how different countries have so much culturally influenced one another that it is difficult today to determine exactly from where does a recipe comes. However, there is still resistance to certain cultural traits of “the Other” and this is reflected in one’s eating habits. This research studies the gastronomic relations between France and Morocco using the cultural transfer paradigm that shows how recipes could or couldn’t cross borders (in the cultural and geographical meaning) and why. Three context typologies have been defined. Colonization causes one of the great "meetings" that have marked the two societies until today given that in a colonial context food is in the center of power relations. The second factor of the "encounter" between those two societies is the the context of international migration. Migrants and immigrants have a role in cultural gastronomic transfers between their origin country and France, especially because it is chosen by many Moroccan migrants to settle in France by opening restaurants. The migrant has a role of innovator in gastronomic matters while we also see evolving the French and European companies practices towards this migration. Briefly, through eating practices, notions of integration, assimilation and acculturation are re-examined. Finally, the research concludes with an overall vision of globalization and Morocco's political will to use its gastronomic resources to position itself on the international stage

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Ngono, Bounoungou Regine. « La réforme du système pénitentiaire camerounais : entre héritage colonial et traditions culturelles ». Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808408.

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Le Cameroun est une mosaïque de tribus qui s'enchevêtrent par, entre autres, le jeu d'alliances se concrétisant par le souci du "vivre-ensemble". Au regard de la structuration sociétale qui particularise les populations camerounaises, la cohésion sociale constituait et constitue encore de nos jours, le meilleur moyen d'assurer leur sécurité. C'est ainsi que, dans leurs cultures traditionnelles, les Camerounais estimaient que la transaction efface l'infraction plus que le châtiment. Et lorsque les liens sociaux étaient fragilisés par un acte ou un comportement asocial (infraction, délit,...), tous les mécanismes et méthodes de répression devaient avoir pour finalité la réinstauration de la cohésion sociale. Pendant la colonisation, les administrateurs coloniaux avaient mis en place un autre système de sanction qui privilégiait plutôt la rétribution, imposant ainsi aux Camerounais la rupture avec leur conception et leurs méthodes de répression et de la peine. Le Cameroun indépendant hérite cette méthode coloniale de sanction. Les dysfonctionnements qui incarnent et minent l'actuelle institution carcérale camerounaise ne sont que le reflet ou la résultante de son inadaptabilité au contexte socio-culturel camerounais. Il serait donc opportun, sinon primordial, de déplacer la problématique de la réforme du système pénitentiaire camerounais sur un terrain autre que celui de la simple amélioration des conditions de détention au Cameroun. Il est évident que cet aspect ne devrait pas être négligé. Néanmoins, le plus urgent serait de chercher comment faire en sorte que l'institution pénitentiaire soit un instrument de la réinstauration de la cohésion sociale, garante de la sécurité des Camerounais ? Sur cet angle d'approche de réflexion sur la réforme du système pénitentiaire camerounais, plusieurs paramètres entrent en jeu, regroupés en deux axes : celui de la redéfinition de la notion de sécurité en prenant en compte tous les contours du vivre-ensemble au Cameroun ; celui du réaménagement d'un cadre de référence législatif et d'un cadre de référence judiciaire pluraliste, nécessaires au bon fonctionnement de l'institution pénitentiaire camerounaise.

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Cano-Castellanos, Ingreet-Juliet. « De montaña a “reserva forestal” : colonización, sentido de comunidad y producción de la conservación ecológica en el sureste de la Selva Lacandona, México ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100136/document.

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Comment est-il possible que les «paysans» surgis grâce à l’élan agraire caractéristique de l'appareil d’Etat mexicaine, au cours des quatre dernières décennies, se soient intéressés à la conservation des écosystèmes forestiers présents dans des localités formées tout au long d’un processus de colonisation et d'appropriation intensive des environnements de forêt intertropicale? Telle est la question centrale qui guide ma recherche doctorale, construite à partir d’une ethnographie et d’une analyse anthropologique menées dans l'une des régions qui composent la Selva Lacandone. Il s'agit de Marqués de Comillas, région colonisée entre 1970 et 1986 et située près de la réserve de biosphère Montes Azules et de la frontière avec le pays frontalier du Guatemala. Intéressé par les trajectoires et les expériences des hommes et des femmes qui ont vécu intensément les défis que la colonisation a représentés, ainsi que la conservation écologique de la forêt, j’essaie de comprendre les changements environnementaux et les changements socio-culturels qui s’y sont produits. En outre, cette recherche représente un effort pour comprendre et mettre en évidence les relations contradictoires à partir desquelles les populations locales et le gouvernement mexicain se sont reconfigurés simultanément. En ce sens, la réponse à la question initiale correspond à une tentative d’envisager de façon interconnectée, les processus d'interaction entre les groupes humains et des environnements dites «naturels», ainsi que ceux qui existent entre ces groupes et les institutions ou les dynamiques gouvernementales et bureaucratiques qui imprègnent symboliquement et matériellement leur vie quotidienne
How is it possible that "peasants", supported by the agrarian impulses characterized by the Mexican state over the last 4 decades, have been interested in the conservation of forest ecosystems present in localities formed through a process of intensive colonization and appropriation of jungle environments? This is the central question that guides my doctoral research, constructed from ethnographic and anthropological work conducted in a region of the area known as the Lacandon Jungle. It is particularly focused on Marqués de Comillas, a colonized region between 1970 and 1986. It is located near the Biosphere Reserve, Montes Azules, and borders the neighboring country of Guatemala. The research focuses upon the development and experiences of men and women who have lived through the intense challenges represented by both colonization and ecological conservation of the forest. At the same time, my work tries to comprehend environmental changes and cultural changes produced there. In addition, the research represents an effort to demonstrate and understand the contradictory relationships in which local people and the Mexican state reposition themselves. In this sense, the answer to the question corresponds with an attempt to unearth the interaction between human groups and "natural" environments, but also processes in which these groups and governments interact. Specifically, I'm interested in the symbolic and material impact that the dynamics of government daily life have on the local people
¿Cómo es posible que “campesinos” surgidos por el impulso agrario característico del aparato de Estado mexicano, a lo largo de las 4 últimas décadas, hayan pasado a interesarse en la conservación de los ecosistemas forestales, presentes en localidades formadas tras un proceso de colonización y apropiación intensiva de los entornos de selva? Esta es la pregunta central que guía mi investigación doctoral, construida a partir de un trabajo etnográfico y antropológico, realizado en una de las regiones que integran la llamada Selva Lacandona. Se trata concretamente de Marqués de Comillas, región colonizada entre 1970 y 1986 y ubicada a inmediaciones de la Reserva de la Biosfera Montes Azules, así como de la frontera con el vecino país de Guatemala. Interesada en las trayectorias y experiencias de hombres y mujeres que han vivido con intensidad los desafíos que han representado tanto la colonización, como la conservación ecológica de la selva, trato de entender las transformaciones ambientales y los cambios socioculturales allí producidos. Asimismo, la investigación representa un esfuerzo por evidenciar y comprender las contradictorias relaciones a partir de las cuales las poblaciones locales y el Estado mexicano se reconfiguran mutuamente. En este sentido, la respuesta a la pregunta formulada corresponde a un intento por abordar de manera interrelacionada, tanto los procesos de interacción entre grupos humanos y entornos dichos “naturales”, como aquellos que se dan entre tales grupos y las instancias o dinámicas gubernamentales y burocráticas que permean simbólica y materialmente sus cotidianeidades

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Matloa, Phuti Solomon. « The role of African traditional leadership in modern democratic South Africa : service provisioning in rural areas ». Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/6326.

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STEFANI, Giulietta. « Mascolinità e colonialismo : italiani in Africa Orientale (1935-1941) ». Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5985.

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Pennington, Julie L. « The colonization of literacy education the story of reading in one elementary school in Texas / ». 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3099512.

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Livres sur le sujet "Colonization – Social aspects"

1961-, Borish Linda J., et Pfister Gertrud 1945-, dir. Sports in American history : From colonization to globalization. Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics, 2008.

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Hassan, Marwan. Velocities of zero : Conquest, colonization, and the destruction of cultures. Toronto : TSAR, 2002.

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L'héritage ambigu de la colonisation : Économie, populations, sociétés. Paris : Hachette, 2012.

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Ollenburger, Jane C. A sociology of women : The intersection of patriarchy, capitalism,and colonization. Englewood Cliffs, N.J : Prentice Hall, 1992.

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A, Moore Helen, dir. A sociology of women : The intersection of patriarchy, capitalism, and colonization. 2^e éd. Upper Saddle River, N.J : Prentice Hall, 1998.

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A, Moore Helen, dir. A sociology of women : The intersection of patriarchy, capitalism, and colonization. Englewood Cliffs, N.J : Prentice Hall, 1991.

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Prospero and Caliban : The psychology of colonization. [Ann Arbor] : University of Michigan Press, 1990.

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Kolonisation und Konsum : Kulturkonzepte in Ethnologie und cultural studies. Bielefeld : Transcript, 2002.

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Polić-Bobić, Mirjana. Rađanje hispanskoameričkog svijeta. Zagreb : Naklada Ljevak d.o.o., 2007.

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Stefani, Giulietta. Colonia per maschi : Italiani in Africa orientale, una storia di genere. Verona : Ombre corte, 2007.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Colonization – Social aspects"

Cadell, Susan, et Harvey Bosma. « Palliative Social Work in Canada ». Dans The Oxford Textbook of Palliative Social Work, sous la direction de Terry Altilio, Shirley Otis-Green et John G. Cagle, 482–84. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197537855.003.0047.

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Canada is a large and sparsely populated country with two official languages and a history of colonization with the Indigenous peoples who were there before the arrival of settlers from Europe. Healthcare is universal and federally mandated to be provided; however, delivery is determined by each province and territory. Therefore, services vary from one area to another. Palliative care access is not uniformly available throughout the country. Medical assistance in dying (referred to as euthanasia elsewhere and referred to as MAiD in Canada) was legalized in 2016 and also has great variation across provinces and territories. Social workers are involved in various aspects of both palliative care and assisted dying. Social workers have also demonstrated leadership in competencies, education, and research.

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Luque-Talaván, Miguel. « The Impact of the First Conquest on the Indigenous Populations of the Philippines (Sixteenth through Eighteenth Centuries) ». Dans Historical Archaeology of Early Modern Colonialism in Asia-Pacific. University Press of Florida, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813054766.003.0004.

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Every process of discovery, conquest, and colonization, regardless of its magnitude and historical implications, entails a transformation in those societies in which contact takes place. Such a transformation, though, must not make us assume that there was no resistance, in different ways and intensity, aimed at the outsiders by the receiving population. The Philippines was no exception. In the present investigation, we will address aspects such as the impacts on the settlement patterns, the social structure, and the population shock and consequences of the conquest on the economical structure, culture, and spiritual world of the Philippine indigenous populations between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries.

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James, David. « Hobbes’s Argument for the Practical Necessity of Colonization ». Dans Practical Necessity, Freedom, and History, 16–41. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198847885.003.0002.

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Hobbes attempts to show that practical necessity and human nature are related in such a way that colonization is unavoidable by virtue of its naturalness. Colonization is practically and historically necessary because unavoidable constraints generated by human nature combine with material and social factors to produce certain inevitable outcomes. Hobbes’s account of colonization can also be understood in terms of his negative idea of freedom. Hobbes fails, however, to provide a sufficient explanation of one aspect of modern colonialism, namely, the existence of national liberation movements, while the role of the sovereign implies a different idea of freedom to Hobbes’s purely negative one. This makes colonization appear less natural and necessary than he suggests. Finally, I explore the implications of Hobbes’s account of the causes of colonization in connection with the possibility of a ‘science’ of history and the idea of historical necessity.

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Walter, Maggie. « Social Class and the Indigenous Lifeworld ». Dans The Oxford Handbook of Indigenous Sociology, C48.S1—C48.S10. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197528778.013.48.

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Abstract The concept of social class (class) is intricately entwined into the discipline of sociology. Both the discipline and societal concern with class emerged from disruption of the Industrial, American, and French Revolutions in the 18th and 19th centuries. All noted sociological scholars since those times have addressed class as a core aspect of their work. Yet the literature on the class position of Indigenous Peoples is scant to the point of nonexistence. This chapter examines the place and conceptualizations of class as understood within the Western sociological literature. These conceptualizations are then interrogated on their applicability and their usefulness for Indigenous Peoples living in Anglo-colonized nation-states. The concept of class is then re-envisioned through the theoretical lens of the Indigenous lifeworld. The chapter concludes that the Indigenous class position cannot be understood unless it is placed and analyzed within its present and past social-structural context of colonization.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Colonization – Social aspects"

Minguzzi, Magda, Yolanda Hernandez Navarro et Lucy Vosloo. « Traditional dwellings and techniques of the First Indigenous Peoples of South Africa in the Eastern Cape ». Dans HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage : Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15019.

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Vernacular indigenous dwellings of the Khoikhoi Peoples (First Indigenous Peoples of South Africa[1]) present in the Baviaans Kloof area in the Eastern Cape (South Africa) have been surveyed and are currently under study by the authors with the direct involvement of the community members. This research is of particular relevance because: it is conducted in a geographical area that is currently under-researched in respect to this particular theme; the dwellings are an exceptionally rare example of the use of Khoikhoi traditional techniques and materials; it was achieved with the direct engagement of the Indigenous community. The research collaboration applies a transdisciplinary approach and method – already in place with the NRF-CEP research by Dr Minguzzi – that employs a multi-layered methodology: practice-led research, community engagement/ community cultural development, influenced by narrative inquiry. In the age of globalization, it becomes necessary to study the origin and development of those buildings to understand their constructive process, the use of specific local materials as well as the consequences that the introduction of unsustainable colonial materials caused. This is an aspect that could be relevant for future reflection on how to preserve and promote the Indigenous cultural, social inclusion and sustainable built environment. The paper will define the state of the art and morphological, functional and technical analysis of contemporary Khoikhoi dwellings to identify the tangible and intangible cultural heritage and the influences of colonization on it. [1] The First Indigenous Peoples of South Africa are the San (hunter-gatherer) and Khoikhoi (herders). Two groups which, in precolonial times had overlapping subsistence patterns and use of the territory, and which, from the colonist arrival until the present, have been fighting for the recognition of their identity and heritage. In this regard see: Besten M. “We are the original inhabitant of this land: Khoe-San identity in post-apartheid South Africa”, in Adhaikari M. (2013), Burdened by Race: Coloured identities in southern Africa, UCT press, Cape Town.

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Peña-Cortés, Fernando, Carlos Bertrán, Jaime Tapia, Enrique Hauenstein, Marcos Cisternas, Gonzalo Rebolledo et Miguel Escalona-Ulloa. « Cambio de uso del suelo : el caso del borde costero de la Araucanía, sur de Chile : evolución y situación actual ». Dans International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona : Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7590.

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En esta investigación, se evidencian las implicancias ambientales de los procesos de transformación del paisaje sobre el territorio del borde costero de La Araucanía en Chile, el cual se caracteriza por cinco aspectos: (1) altos niveles de pobreza y de ruralidad, (2) una importante consolidación y expansión de asentamientos agregados, (3) presencia de elementos singulares dados por condiciones naturales (humedales, bosques pantanosos, estuarios), (4) pueblos originarios (mapuche) y (5) procesos de colonización tardía. La investigación muestra inicialmente una revisión exploratoria de los hitos históricos más relevantes que han determinado los procesos de transformación del paisaje. Luego se evalúa geoespacialmente el cambio de uso del suelo entre los años 1980 y 2004, lo que permite precisar las principales categorías de cambio del uso del suelo y el estado actual del paisaje ecológico. Este análisis se complementó con la revisión de indicadores demográficos y socioeconómicos que permite visualizar los efectos del cambio de uso del suelo en la población. Los resultados mostraron que la irrupción de la agroganadería hispano-mediterránea y la posterior desforestación por parte de los colonos tuvo graves efectos en el paisaje. Más recientemente, la dinámica de transformación en la matriz agropecuaria dominante hacia la actividad forestal (pasando de 1% en 1980 a 19% en 2004), ocasionó un retroceso de 8.762 ha de la matriz agropecuaria y una disminución general de todas las coberturas naturales. De este modo, se cuantificó una redistribución de los usos del suelo, aumento de la fragmentación del paisaje y pérdida de conectividad espacial de los sistemas naturales. A su vez, se constató un desplazamiento de la población rural y la consolidación de centros urbanos como Nueva Toltén, Hualpín, Teodoro Schmidt y Saavedra, lo cual se relaciona con la disminución de la natalidad, el incremento de la tasa de envejecimiento y la falta de empleo. Se concluye que la interfaz de relaciones socio-culturales, físico-ambientales y económicas en el área, dan cuenta de la necesidad de nuevos enfoques e instrumentos de planificación que permitan potenciar el desarrollo local. This research makes evident the environmental implications of the process of transforming the landscape in the territory of the coastal strip of La Araucania in Chile, which is characterized by five aspects: (1) high level of poverty and rurality, (2) a major consolidation and expansion of aggregate settlements, (3) the presence of singular elements due to natural conditions (wetlands, swamp forests, estuaries), (4) aboriginal people (mapuche) and, (5) late colonization process. The research shows initially an exploratory revision of the more relevant historical milestones, which have determined the process of transforming the landscape. Then, the change in land use between 1980 and 2004 it is geospatial rated, which allows to specify the main categories of change in land use and the current status of the ecological landscape. This analysis was complemented with the revision of demographic and socioeconomic indicators which permits to view the effects of the change in land use in the population. The results showed that the irruption of the spanish agriculture and and the subsequent deforestation by the settlers had severe effects on the landscape. More recently, the dynamics of transformation in the matrix to the dominant agricultural towards forestry (from 1% in 1980 to 19% in 2004), caused a decrease of 8.762 hectares of the agricultural matrix and a general decline of all natural coverage. Thus, a redistribution of the land use, an increased fragmentation of the landscape and a loss of spatial connectivity of natural systems was quantified. Besides, there was a movement of the rural population and a consolidation of urban centers like Nueva Toltén, Hualpin, Teodoro Schmidt y Saavedra, which it is related to falling of birth rate, increasing of rate of aging and lack of employment. We conclude that the interface of socio-cultural relations, economic and physical environment in the area, reveals the need for new approaches and planning tools for enhancing local development.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Colonization – Social aspects"

Saville, Alan, et Caroline Wickham-Jones, dir. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, juin 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.

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