Bibliographies thématiques / Collapse models

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Collapse models »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Collapse models"

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Halevi, Goni, Belinda Wu, Philipp Mösta, Ore Gottlieb, Alexander Tchekhovskoy et David R. Aguilera-Dena. « Density Profiles of Collapsed Rotating Massive Stars Favor Long Gamma-Ray Bursts ». Astrophysical Journal Letters 944, no 2 (1 février 2023) : L38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acb702.

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Abstract Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (lGRBs) originate in relativistic collimated outflows—jets—that drill their way out of collapsing massive stars. Accurately modeling this process requires realistic stellar profiles for the jets to propagate through and break out of. Most previous studies have used simple power laws or pre-collapse models for massive stars. However, the relevant stellar profile for lGRB models is in fact that of a star after its core has collapsed to form a compact object. To self-consistently compute such a stellar profile, we use the open-source code GR1D to simulate the core-collapse process for a suite of low-metallicity rotating massive stellar progenitors that have undergone chemically homogeneous evolution. Our models span a range of zero-age main-sequence (ZAMS) masses: M ZAMS = 13, 18, 21, 25, 35, 40, and 45M ☉. All of these models, at the onset of core-collapse, feature steep density profiles, ρ ∝ r −α , with α ≈ 2.5, which would result in jets that are inconsistent with lGRB observables. We follow the collapses of four of the seven models until they form black holes (BHs) and the other three models until they form proto-neutron stars (PNSs). We find, across all models, that the density profile outside the newly formed BH or PNS is well represented by a flatter power law with α ≈ 1.35–1.55. Such flat density profiles are conducive to the successful formation and breakout of BH-powered jets and are, in fact, required to reproduce observable properties of lGRBs. Future models of lGRBs should be initialized with shallower post-collapse stellar profiles, like those presented here, instead of the much steeper pre-collapse profiles that are typically used.
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Pavlík, Václav, et Ladislav Šubr. « The hunt for self-similar core collapse ». Astronomy & ; Astrophysics 620 (décembre 2018) : A70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833854.

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Context. Core collapse is a prominent evolutionary stage of self-gravitating systems. In an idealised collisionless approximation, the region around the cluster core evolves in a self-similar way prior to the core collapse. Thus, its radial density profile outside the core can be described by a power law, ρ ∝ r−α. Aims. We aim to find the characteristics of core collapse in N-body models. In such systems, a complete collapse is prevented by transferring the binding energy of the cluster to binary stars. The contraction is, therefore, more difficult to identify. Methods. We developed a method that identifies the core collapse in N-body models of star clusters based on the assumption of their homologous evolution. Results. We analysed different models (equal- and multi-mass), most of which exhibit patterns of homologous evolution, yet with significantly different values of α : the equal-mass models have α ≈ 2.3, which agrees with theoretical expectations, the multi-mass models have α ≈ 1.5 (yet with larger uncertainty). Furthermore, most models usually show sequences of separated homologous collapses with similar properties. Finally, we investigated a correlation between the time of core collapse and the time of formation of the first hard binary star. The binding energy of such a binary usually depends on the depth of the collapse in which it forms, for example from 100 kT to 104 kT in the smallest equal-mass to the largest multi-mass model, respectively. However, not all major hardenings of binaries happened during the core collapse. In the multi-mass models, we see large transfers of binding energy of ∼104 kT to binaries that occur on the crossing timescale and outside of the periods of the homologous collapses.
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Reznik, Рetro, Sergiy Grebenchuk, Roman Koreniev et Vitaliy Bondarenko. « Research of the specific steel shells progressive collapse prevention ». ACADEMIC JOURNAL Series : Industrial Machine Building, Civil Engineering 1, no 52 (5 juillet 2019) : 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/znp.2019.52.1676.

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The article deals with coatings in the form of the specific steel shells. After a detailed analysis certain number of accidentsand collapses, these collapses can be classified as “progressive” collapse. The main purpose of the article is the developmentof design algorithms for evaluation of the stress-strain state and preventing the progressive collapse of the specific steelshells. The method of prevention progressive collapse has been developed in the form of a constructive modernization.The comparative finite-element analysis of the strained-strain state of the specific shells original models, models of discretecontinualribbed shells (with constructive upgrading) and models of solid ribbed shells has been carried out. From the analysisresults it can be concluded that the proposed modernization method can be considered as one of the possible options forpreventing progressive collapses and increasing the bearing capacity of specific steel shells.
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Ott, Christian D., Erik Schnetter, Adam Burrows, Eli Livne, Evan O'Connor et Frank Löffler. « Computational models of stellar collapse and core-collapse supernovae ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 180 (1 juillet 2009) : 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/180/1/012022.

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Ghirardi, Gian Carlo, et Raffaele Romano. « Collapse models and perceptual processes ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 504 (14 avril 2014) : 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/504/1/012022.

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Dowker, Fay, et Isabelle Herbauts. « Simulating causal wavefunction collapse models ». Classical and Quantum Gravity 21, no 12 (19 mai 2004) : 2963–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/21/12/011.

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Thompson, M. C. « Rapidly Rotating Core-Collapse Models ». Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 6, no 2 (1985) : 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323358000018130.

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AbstractVery few (if any at all) three dimensional models of the final evolutionary stages of a star’s life have appeared in the literature. Such models may be important if the stellar core maintains sufficient rotational energy during it’s lifetime so that when collapse finally occurs, the increase of rotational energy to gravitational energy, may lead to a non-axisymmetric instability.A sequence of core collapse models with decreasing rotation rate is considered. These models were calculated using a three dimensional, post-Newtonian, hydrodynamical, numerical code. The results show that for high precollapse rotational energies the core can become unstable resulting in the formation of what resemble ‘spiral arms’. Unfortunately, because of limits on computer time, the calculations had to be discontinued shortly after this development occurred.
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Jadamec, Margarete A., Donald L. Turcotte et Peter Howell. « Analytic models for orogenic collapse ». Tectonophysics 435, no 1-4 (mai 2007) : 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2007.01.007.

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Hartmann, Lee, Nuria Calvet et Alan Boss. « Sheet Models of Protostellar Collapse ». Astrophysical Journal 464 (juin 1996) : 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/177330.

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Brax, Ph, R. Rosenfeld et D. A. Steer. « Spherical collapse in chameleon models ». Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2010, no 08 (23 août 2010) : 033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2010/08/033.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Collapse models"

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Ferialdi, Luca. « Non-Markovian collapse models ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3582.

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2008/2009
We introduce the measurement problem in quantum mechanics and we briefly discuss the solutions proposed in literature. We then focus our attention on models of spontaneous wavefunction collapse. We describe the two most popular models (GRW, CSL) and list other proposals. We analyze in detail a third collapse model (QMUPL), which is particularly simple (but physically meaningful) to be studied in great mathematical detail. We discuss its main properties. We also describe a "finite temperature" version of this model, which includes dissipative terms. These models are Markovian, i.e. the collapse mechanism is driven by a white noise. Since the ultimate goal is to identify the noise responsible for the collapse with a random field in Nature, it becomes important to study non-Markovian generalizations of collapse models, where the collapsing field has a generic correlation function, likely with a cut off at high frequencies. Models of this kind have already been studied, as a generalization of the CSL model. In this thesis we describe in mathematical detail the generalization of the QMUPL model to non-Markovian noises. After having proved, under suitable conditions, the separation of the center-of-mass and relative motions for a generic ensemble of particles, we focus our analysis on the time evolution of the center of mass of an isolated system (free particle case). We compute the explicit expression of the Green's function via the path integral formalism, for a generic Gaussian noise. We analyze in detail the case of an exponential correlation function, providing the exact analytical solution. We next study the time evolution of average quantities, such as the mean position, momentum (which satisfy Ehrefest's theorem) and energy (which is not conserved like in the other collapse models). We also compute the non-Markovian master equation for an harmonic oscillator, according to this model, and compare its structure to the well-known Lindblad structure of Markovian open quantum systems. We eventually specialize to the case of Gaussian wave functions, and prove that all basic facts about collapse models (reduction process, amplification mechanism, etc.), which are known to be true in the white noise case, hold also in the more general case of non-Markovian dynamics. We further analyze the evolution of Gaussian wave function according to the three different realizations of the QMUPL model so far developed (Markovian, non-Markovian and "finite temperature"), comparing their fundamental features. Finally, by analyzing different localization criteria, we set new lower bounds on the parameters of these models, and we compare them with the upper bounds coming from known experimental data.
Nel primo capitolo si introduce il problema della misura in Meccanica Quantistica e si discutono brevemente le soluzioni proposte nella letteratura. Nel capitolo 2 si discutono i modelli di collasso spontaneo della funzione d'onda, con particolare attenzione per i modelli GRW e CSL; si elencano altri modelli. Si analizza in dettaglio anche il modello di riduzione QMUPL, il quale è particolarmente semplice (ma fisicamente significativo) da poter essere studiato dettagliatamente dal punto di vista matematico. Si discutono le sue proprietà principali. Si descrive inoltre una versione "a temperatura finita" di questo modello, che include termini dissipativi. Questi modelli sono Markoviani, ovvero il meccanismo di collasso è guidato da un rumore bianco. Poichè parte significativa della ricerca consiste nell'identificare il rumore responsabile del collasso con un campo stocastico esistente in Natura, diventa importante studiare le generalizzazioni non-Markoviane dei modelli di riduzione, in cui il campo di collasso ha una funzione di correlazione generale, probabilmente con un cutoff ad alte frequenze. Modelli di questo tipo, come la generalizzazione del modello CSL, sono già stati studiati. In questa tesi si descrive in dettaglio la generalizzazione a rumori non-Markoviani del modello QMUPL. Dopo aver provato, sotto particolari condizioni, la separazione del moto del centro di massa da quello relativo per un generico ensemble di particelle, si pone attenzione all'evoluzione temporale del centro di massa di un sistema isolato (particella libera). Si dà l'espressione esplicita per la funzione di Green attraverso il formalismo del path-integral, per un generico rumore Gaussiano. Si analizza in particolare il caso della funzione di correlazione esponenziale, fornendo la soluzione analitica esatta delle equazioni. Successivamente si studia l'evoluzione dei valori medi, in particolare della posizione, del momento (che soddsfa il teorema di Ehrenfest) e dell'energia (che non è conservata come negli altri modelli di riduzione). Si scrive inoltre la master equation non-Markoviana per un oscillatore armonico per questo modello, e si confronta la sua struttura con le ben nota struttura di Lindblad dei sistemi quantistici aperti Markoviani. Ci si specializza al caso di funzioni d'onda Gaussiane, e si prova che tutte le nozioni di base sui modelli di riduzione (processo di collasso, meccanismo di amplificazione, ecc.), che sono note essere vere nel caso Markoviano, valgono anche nel caso più generale di dinamiche non-Markoviane. Infine, si analizza l'evoluzione di funzioni d'onda Gaussiane secondo le tre differenti realizzazioni del modello QMUPL finora analizzate (Markoviana, non-Markoviana e "a temperatura finita"), confrontando le loro caratteristiche fondamentali. Inoltre, analizzando differenti criteri di localizzazione, si individano nuovi limiti inferiori per i parametri di questi modelli, e si confrontano con i limiti superiori che vengono da dati sperimentali noti.
XXII Ciclo
1982
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Veal, Andrew Richard. « Models of polymer adsorption and collapse ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277107.

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Aburihan, Mahmoud. « Time-dependent self-similar star formation and collapse models ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0002/MQ42578.pdf.

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Donadi, Sandro. « Electromagnetic Radiation Emission and Flavour Oscillations in Collapse Models ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/9961.

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2012/2013
In order to solve the measurement problem, collapse models modify the Schroedinger dynamics by adding non linear and stochastic terms. Collapse models provide different predictions compare to Quantum mechanics. In this thesis we focus on two phenomena where the predictions of quantum mechanics and collapse models are different: the electromagnetic radiation emission from charged systems and the flavour oscillations. We analysed both of them and obtained the quantitative deviations from standard quantum behaviour.
Al fine di risolvere il problema della misura, i modelli di collasso spontaneo della funzione d'onda modificano la dinamica data dall'equazione di Schroedinger aggiungendo termini non lineari e stocastici. I modelli di collasso forniscono previsioni differenti rispetto alla meccanica quantistica. In questa tesi studieremo due fenomeni dove le predizioni della meccanica quantistica e dei modelli di collasso sono diverse: l'emissione di radiazione elettromagnetica da sistemi elettricamente non neutri e le oscillazioni dei sapori. Analizzeremo entrambi i fenomeni al fine di ottenere deviazioni quantitative dal comportamento quantistico standard.
XXVI Ciclo
1985
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Orifici, Adrian Cirino, et adrian orifici@student rmit edu au. « Degradation Models for the Collapse Analysis of Composite Aerospace Structures ». RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080619.090039.

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Clark, Paul Campbell. « The onset of gravitational collapse in molecular clouds ». Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12945.

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We conduct an investigation into the role that turbulence plays in the formation of stars. In small clouds, with masses of ~ 30 Mʘ and where the turbulence is only injected at the start, we find that the turbulence does not trigger star formation. Instead, the dissipation of the kinetic energy allows the mean Jeans mass of the cloud to control the formation of stars. The equipartition of the kinetic and thermal energies in the final stages before star formation, allows the pre-protostellar clumps to fragment. Binary and multiple systems are thus a natural product of star formation in a turbulent environment. We find that globally unbound clouds can be the sites of star formation. Furthermore the star formation efficiency is naturally less than 100%, thus in part providing an explanation for the low efficiency in star forming regions. Globally unbound GMCs not only form stars, and naturally disperse, within a few crossing times, but also provide a mechanism for the formation of OB associations.
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Gaudreault, Mathieu. « Collapse transition of SARWs with hydrophobic interaction on a two dimensional lattice ». Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112623.

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We study the collapse transition of a lattice based protein model including an explicit coarse-grained model of a solvent. This model accounts for explicit hydrophobic interactions, and it is studied by Monte Carlo simulation. The protein is modelled as self-avoiding random walk with nearest neighbor interactions on a two dimensional lattice. Without the solvent, universal quantities of the chain around the collapse transition temperature are well known. Hydrophobicity is then modelled through a lattice of solvent molecules in which each molecule can have Q states depending of an orientation variable. Only one state is energetically favored, when two neighboring solvent molecules are both in the same state of orientation. The monomers are placed in interstitial position of the solvent lattice, and are only allowed to occupy sites surrounded by solvent cells of the same orientation. The potential of mean force between two interstitial solute molecules is calculated, showing a solvent mediated attraction typical of hydrophobic interactions. We then show that this potential increases with the energy of hydrogen bond formation as it appears in the model, while its characteristic range decreases. More importantly, we show that the chain embedded in the solvent undergoes a collapse transition, with the temperature of the transition being shifted relative to that of the chain in isolation. We calculate several critical exponents near the collapse transition, and we observe that their values are not conserved in presence of the explicit solvent.
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Webster, Mort David, Jeffery Scott, Andrei P. Sokolov et Peter H. Stone. « Estimating Probability Distributions from Complex Models with Bifurcations : The Case of Ocean Circulation Collapse ». MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32540.

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Studying the uncertainty in computationally expensive models has required the development of specialized methods, including alternative sampling techniques and response surface approaches. However, existing techniques for response surface development break down when the model being studied exhibits discontinuities or bifurcations. One uncertain variable that exhibits this behavior is the thermohaline circulation (THC) as modeled in three-dimensional general circulation models. This is a critical uncertainty for climate change policy studies. We investigate the development of a response surface for studying uncertainty in THC using the Deterministic Equivalent Modeling Method, a stochastic technique using expansions in orthogonal polynomials. We show that this approach is unable to reasonably approximate the model response. We demonstrate an alternative representation that accurately simulates the model’s response, using a basis function with properties similar to the model’s response over the uncertain parameter space. This indicates useful directions for future methodological improvements.
Abstract in HTML and technical report in PDF available on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change website (http://mit.edu/globalchange/www/).
This research was supported in part by the Methods and Models for Integrated Assessments Program of the National Science Foundation, Grant ATM-9909139, by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, Grant Nos. DE-FG02-02ER63468 and DE-FG02-93ER61677, and by the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change (JPSPGC).
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Harry, Ofonime Akpan. « Behaviour of reinforced concrete frame structure against progressive collapse ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29623.

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A structure subjected to extreme load due to explosion or human error may lead to progressive collapse. One of the direct methods specified by design guidelines for assessing progressive collapse is the Alternate Load Path method which involves removal of a structural member and analysing the structure to assess its potential of bridging over the removed member without collapse. The use of this method in assessing progressive collapse therefore requires that the vertical load resistance function of the bridging beam assembly, which for a typical laterally restrained reinforced concrete (RC) beams include flexural, compressive arching action and catenary action, be accurately predicted. In this thesis, a comprehensive study on a reliable prediction of the resistance function for the bridging RC beam assemblies is conducted, with a particular focus on a) the arching effect, and b) the catenary effect considering strength degradations. A critical analysis of the effect of axial restraint, flexural reinforcement ratio and span-depth ratio on compressive arching action are evaluated in quantitative terms. A more detailed theoretical model for the prediction of load-displacement behaviour of RC beam assemblies within the compressive arching response regime is presented. The proposed model takes into account the compounding effect of bending and arching from both the deformation and force points of view. Comparisons with experimental results show good agreement. Following the compressive arching action, catenary action can develop at a much larger displacement regime, and this action could help address collapse. A complete resistance function should adequately account for the catenary action as well as the arching effect. To this end, a generic catenary model which takes into consideration the strength degradation due to local failure events (e.g. rupture of bottom rebar or fracture of a steel weld) and the eventual failure limit is proposed. The application of the model in predicting the resistance function in beam assemblies with strength degradations is discussed. The validity of the proposed model is checked against predictions from finite element model and experimental tests. The result indicate that strength degradation can be accurately captured by the model. Finally, the above developed model framework is employed in investigative studies to demonstrate the application of the resistance functions in a dynamic analysis procedure, as well as the significance of the compressive arching effect and the catenary action in the progressive collapse resistance in different designs. The importance of an accurate prediction of the arching effect and the limiting displacement for the catenary action is highlighted.
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Reyes, Juan Daniel Bojowald Martin. « Spherically symmetric loop quantum gravity connections to two-dimensional models and applications to gravitational collapse / ». [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-4758/index.html.

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Livres sur le sujet "Collapse models"

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Falzon, Brian G. An introduction to modelling buckling and collapse. Glasgow : NAFEMS, 2006.

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Garber, Peter M. The operation and collapse of fixed exchange rate regimes. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994.

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Garber, Peter M. The operation and collapse of fixed exchange rate regimes. Cambridge, Mass : National Bureau of Economic Research, 1994.

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Garber, Peter M. The operation and collapse of fixed exchange rate regimes. Stockholm : Stockholm University, Institute for International Economic Studies, 1995.

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Dolinskai︠a︡, Irina. Explaining Russia's output collapse : Aggregate sources and regional evidence. [Washington, D.C.] : International Monetary Fund, IMF Institute, 2001.

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Emergence and collapse of early villages : Models of central mesa verde archaeology. Berkeley : University of California Press, 2012.

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The dynamics of apocalypse : A systems simulation of the classic Maya collapse. Albuquerque : University of New Mexico Press, 1985.

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Fibich, Gadi. Backscattering and nonparaxiality arrest collapse of damped nonlinear waves. Hampton, VA : Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, NASA Langley Research Center, 2002.

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W, Cooper Russell. Financial collapse and active monetary policy : A lesson from the Great Depression. [Minneapolis, Minn.] : Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, 2001.

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Calvo, Guillermo A. Explaining sudden stops, growth collapse and BOP crises : The case of distortionary output taxes. Cambridge, Mass : National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Collapse models"

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Stamatescu, I. O. « Stochastic Collapse Models ». Dans Decoherence and the Appearance of a Classical World in Quantum Theory, 357–81. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05328-7_8.

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Stamatescu, I. O. « Stochastic Collapse Models ». Dans Decoherence and the Appearance of a Classical World in Quantum Theory, 249–67. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03263-3_8.

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Martin, Jérôme, et Vincent Vennin. « Collapse Models and Cosmology ». Dans Fundamental Theories of Physics, 269–90. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46777-7_21.

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Ferialdi, Luca. « Presentation of Collapse Models ». Dans Fundamental Theories of Physics, 45–54. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46777-7_4.

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Bahrami, Mohammad, Angelo Bassi, Sandro Donadi, Luca Ferialdi et Gabriel León. « Irreversibility and Collapse Models ». Dans On Thinking, 125–46. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10446-1_6.

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McNamara, S. « Inelastic Collapse ». Dans Dynamics : Models and Kinetic Methods for Non-equilibrium Many Body Systems, 267–77. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4365-3_15.

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Bojowald, Martin. « Midisuperspace Models : Black Hole Collapse ». Dans Quantum Cosmology, 167–95. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8276-6_9.

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Pearle, Philip. « Wavefunction Collapse Models with Nonwhite Noise ». Dans Perspectives on Quantum Reality, 93–109. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8656-6_8.

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Bedingham, Daniel J. « Collapse Models, Relativity, and Discrete Spacetime ». Dans Fundamental Theories of Physics, 191–203. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46777-7_15.

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Carlesso, Matteo, et Mauro Paternostro. « Opto-Mechanical Test of Collapse Models ». Dans Fundamental Theories of Physics, 205–15. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46777-7_16.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Collapse models"

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BRUENN, S. W. « ISSUES WITH CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA PROGENITOR MODELS ». Dans Open Issues in Core Collapse Supernova Theory. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812703446_0005.

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CARDALL, C. Y., A. O. RAZOUMOV, E. ENDEVE et A. MEZZACAPPA. « THE LONG TERM : SIX-DIMENSIONAL CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA MODELS ». Dans Open Issues in Core Collapse Supernova Theory. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812703446_0010.

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JORDAN, G. C., B. S. MEYER et ED D'AZEVEDO. « TOWARD IN SITU CALCULATION OF NUCLEOSYNTHESIS IN SUPERNOVA MODELS ». Dans Open Issues in Core Collapse Supernova Theory. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812703446_0020.

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Geers, Thomas L. « Reduced models for violent bubble collapse ». Dans ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4800107.

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Hosseinizadeh, Pouyan, Aziz Guergachi et Vanessa Magness. « Predicting system collapse : Two theoretical models ». Dans 2009 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics - SMC. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsmc.2009.5345979.

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THOMAS, R. C. « TOWARD THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELS OF CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA SPECTRA AND LIGHT CURVES : MOTIVATIONS AND CHALLENGES ». Dans Open Issues in Core Collapse Supernova Theory. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812703446_0022.

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Manmana, Salvatore R. « Collapse and Revival Starting from a Luttinger Liquid ». Dans EFFECTIVE MODELS FOR LOW-DIMENSIONAL STRONGLY CORRELATED SYSTEMS. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2178043.

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Das, Suratna, Kinjalk Lochan, Satyabrata Sahu, Shreya Banerjee et T. P. Singh. « Classicalization of inflationary perturbations by collapse models ». Dans Proceedings of the MG14 Meeting on General Relativity. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813226609_0341.

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Antuña, Joaquín, Antonio Aznar, José Ignacio Hernando et Fernando Magdalena. « LEARN ABOUT MASONRY ARCHES COLLAPSE WITH MODELS ». Dans 11th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2019.1887.

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Babaei, M. H. « Collapse of Rectangular Granular Piles in Air and Water ». Dans ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-65012.

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Granular materials are processed in many industries including agricultural, pharmaceutical, mining, and oil-sand and several geophysical processes such as landslides and avalanches. There are few models capable of predicting the flow of granular materials and particularly their collapse. Theoretical studies of the topic usually encounter difficulties in accurately predicting the collapse dynamics and final stable heaps. The two-dimensional gravitational collapse of cohesionless rectangular granular piles is numerically investigated in this paper. Piles surrounded by either air (dry case) or an oil-water mixture (wet case) undergo a dam-break collapse onto a horizontal base. The granular material is modeled as a perfectly plastic substance based on the Mohr-Coulomb law. The constitutive relations represent the granular material as a fluid, with a shear viscosity as a function of solids pressure, the second invariant of the deviatoric strain-rate tensor, and the internal angle of friction of the granular material. This two-phase flow problem (grains and liquid or air) is then formulated accordingly and solved by the mixture model method for the wet collapse and the level-set method for the dry collapse using COMSOL finite-element software. In both air and the liquid, stable heaps are achieved. The results are compared with experimental measurements of Balmforth & Kerswell [1] and Rondon et al. [2]. The model can closely predict the final shape of the collapsed dry pile. The final shape of the collapsed wet pile is also well-predicted when its initial packing concentration is relatively low. Further developments are needed to model the wet collapse of high-initial-concentration piles.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Collapse models"

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Adler, R. Simple Analytic Models of Gravitational Collapse. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), février 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839752.

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Woodson, Stanley C., et James T. Baylot. Structural Collapse : Quarter-Scale Model Experiments. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, août 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada369355.

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Wolfe, S. A., H. B. O'Neill, C. Duchesne, D. Froese, J M Young et S. V. Kokelj. Ground ice degradation and thermokarst terrain formation in Canada over the past 16 000 years. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329668.

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Thermokarst results from thawing of excess ground ice in permafrost sediments. Thermokarst processes and landforms are controlled by ground ice type, amount and distribution, as well as the patterns of ground ice loss over time. Recent acceleration of varied thermokarst processes across diverse Canadian permafrost terrains make for a challenging task in predicting landscape-scale thaw trajectories. Using existing ground ice models, we examined the modelled amounts and spatial extent of ground ice loss relative to ground ice maxima in the last ca. 16 ka BP for relict, segregated and wedge ice. We relate observed thermokarst features to the nature of ground ice development and loss in different environments (cold continuous permafrost, discontinuous permafrost, and no current permafrost). In cold, continuous permafrost areas where ground ice loss has been limited over the last 16 ka BP, thermokarst processes include active layer detachments and slumps in segregated and relict ice, gullying and ponding in ice wedge troughs, and the cyclical development of shallow thermokarst ponds in segregated ice. With ground ice loss in discontinuous permafrost, thermokarst processes are wide-ranging. Slumps, subsidence, and collapse of lithalsas, palsas and peat plateaus occur from thawing of segregated ice, thermokarst ponds from melting wedge and segregated ice, and involuted terrain from melting and creep of relict or segregated ice. In former permafrost terrain, evidence of thermokarst includes former ice wedge polygons, collapsed lithalsas, and irregular hummocky terrain. The relations between modelled ground ice loss and observed thermokarst landscapes assist in understanding present-day processes and in predicting future thermokarst landform evolution with a changing climate.
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G. Li et C. Tsang. Seepage Model for PA Including Dift Collapse. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), décembre 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/840689.

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C. Tsang. SEEPAGE MODEL FOR PA INCLUDING DRIFT COLLAPSE. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septembre 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/841253.

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Baader, Franz, et Cesare Tinelli. Combining Equational Theories Sharing Non-Collapse-Free Constructors. Aachen University of Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.103.

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In a previous work, we describe a method to combine decision procedures for the word problem for theories sharing constructors. One of the requirements of our combination method is that constructors be collapse-free. This paper removes that requirement by modifying the method so that it applies to non-collapse-free constructors as well. This broadens the scope of our combi- nation results considerably, for example in the direction of equational theories corresponding to modal logics.
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Gunay, Selim, Fan Hu, Khalid Mosalam, Arpit Nema, Jose Restrepo, Adam Zsarnoczay et Jack Baker. Blind Prediction of Shaking Table Tests of a New Bridge Bent Design. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, novembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/svks9397.

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Considering the importance of the transportation network and bridge structures, the associated seismic design philosophy is shifting from the basic collapse prevention objective to maintaining functionality on the community scale in the aftermath of moderate to strong earthquakes (i.e., resiliency). In addition to performance, the associated construction philosophy is also being modernized, with the utilization of accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques to reduce impacts of construction work on traffic, society, economy, and on-site safety during construction. Recent years have seen several developments towards the design of low-damage bridges and ABC. According to the results of conducted tests, these systems have significant potential to achieve the intended community resiliency objectives. Taking advantage of such potential in the standard design and analysis processes requires proper modeling that adequately characterizes the behavior and response of these bridge systems. To evaluate the current practices and abilities of the structural engineering community to model this type of resiliency-oriented bridges, the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) organized a blind prediction contest of a two-column bridge bent consisting of columns with enhanced response characteristics achieved by a well-balanced contribution of self-centering, rocking, and energy dissipation. The parameters of this blind prediction competition are described in this report, and the predictions submitted by different teams are analyzed. In general, forces are predicted better than displacements. The post-tension bar forces and residual displacements are predicted with the best and least accuracy, respectively. Some of the predicted quantities are observed to have coefficient of variation (COV) values larger than 50%; however, in general, the scatter in the predictions amongst different teams is not significantly large. Applied ground motions (GM) in shaking table tests consisted of a series of naturally recorded earthquake acceleration signals, where GM1 is found to be the largest contributor to the displacement error for most of the teams, and GM7 is the largest contributor to the force (hence, the acceleration) error. The large contribution of GM1 to the displacement error is due to the elastic response in GM1 and the errors stemming from the incorrect estimation of the period and damping ratio. The contribution of GM7 to the force error is due to the errors in the estimation of the base-shear capacity. Several teams were able to predict forces and accelerations with only moderate bias. Displacements, however, were systematically underestimated by almost every team. This suggests that there is a general problem either in the assumptions made or the models used to simulate the response of this type of bridge bent with enhanced response characteristics. Predictions of the best-performing teams were consistently and substantially better than average in all response quantities. The engineering community would benefit from learning details of the approach of the best teams and the factors that caused the models of other teams to fail to produce similarly good results. Blind prediction contests provide: (1) very useful information regarding areas where current numerical models might be improved; and (2) quantitative data regarding the uncertainty of analytical models for use in performance-based earthquake engineering evaluations. Such blind prediction contests should be encouraged for other experimental research activities and are planned to be conducted annually by PEER.
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Terzic, Vesna, et William Pasco. Novel Method for Probabilistic Evaluation of the Post-Earthquake Functionality of a Bridge. Mineta Transportation Institute, avril 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1916.

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While modern overpass bridges are safe against collapse, their functionality will likely be compromised in case of design-level or beyond design-level earthquake, which may generate excessive residual displacements of the bridge deck. Presently, there is no validated, quantitative approach for estimating the operational level of the bridge after an earthquake due to the difficulty of accurately simulating residual displacements. This research develops a novel method for probabilistic evaluation of the post-earthquake functionality state of the bridge; the approach is founded on an explicit evaluation of bridge residual displacements and associated traffic capacity by considering realistic traffic load scenarios. This research proposes a high-fidelity finite-element model for bridge columns, developed and calibrated using existing experimental data from the shake table tests of a full-scale bridge column. This finite-element model of the bridge column is further expanded to enable evaluation of the axial load-carrying capacity of damaged columns, which is critical for an accurate evaluation of the traffic capacity of the bridge. Existing experimental data from the crushing tests on the columns with earthquake-induced damage support this phase of the finite-element model development. To properly evaluate the bridge's post-earthquake functionality state, realistic traffic loadings representative of different bridge conditions (e.g., immediate access, emergency traffic only, closed) are applied in the proposed model following an earthquake simulation. The traffic loadings in the finite-element model consider the distribution of the vehicles on the bridge causing the largest forces in the bridge columns.
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Peters, C. Mechanical test results on Dipole model C-1 25 mm aluminum collars. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), février 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5224978.

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McHardy, James. Development of a Cavity Collapse Model of Cavitation Bubbles in Water in One and Two Dimensions using the Finite Volume FLAG Hydrocode at Atmospheric Pressure and 293K. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), juin 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1136106.

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