Thèses sur le sujet « Cognitività »
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CASTELLANO, FILIPPO. « Funzioni Esecutive e Facial Emotion Recognition in Persone Affette da Schizofrenia : ruolo del Polimorfismo del COMT e dell'Abuso di Alcol e Sostanze ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/94538.
Texte intégralBACKGROUND: cognitive and genetic features are increasingly important in the study of schizophrenia. The impairment of executive function (FE) and facial emotion recognition, are central issues in schizophrenic disease. To date, however, the paradigm of the (dis) cognitive functioning in schizophrenia is based on studies that excluded subjects with schizophrenia and a history of substance abuse (SUD)(5), which is actually a phenomenon that showed a derogatory impact on cognition in the population with substance use disorder. The literature has also over the years defined polymorphisms potentially implicated in both schizophrenia and in alcohol and substance use disorders, such as the one (rs4680) related to the gene of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Given the prevalence of the phenomenon and the association between cognition, functional outcome and genetic polymorphisms, the study of these related in schizophrenic patients with substance abuse is an important issue for a more precise stratification diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. AIM: to evaluate the impact of the COMT polymorphism and alcohol and substance abuse on cognitive performance in a population of subjects with schizophrenia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: this is a observational study. We recruited 62 subjects (M = 50, F = 12) diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV (assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, SCID I). The sample was subdivided according to the presence or not of alcohol abuse and related substances (evaluated with the Alcohol and Drug Use Scale -Aus and DUS) into two groups (SKZ+SUD and SKZ-SUD), which were then compared with regard to socio-demographic and clinical characteristics (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale - PANSS). It was then analysed the association between the condition of abuse, COMT polymorphism and score on Intra-Extra Dimensional Shift September (IED), which evaluates the FE and on test Ekman, evaluating the FER, controlling for socio-demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: the two groups SKZ+SUD (n= 8) and SKZ-SUD (n = 34) show a statistically significant difference by age with mean (SD) of 47.21 (9.41) in abusers and 36.04 (10.09) in non-abusers (p <0.001). Abusers tend to make fewer errors on IED (IED errors adjusted Total 47.32 (47.77) vs 70.59 (70.84); p = 0:26), fewer trials (IED trials Total Adjusted 136.61 (85.65) vs 178.35 (128.02); p = 0:24) to reach the criterion to overcome the stage and a greater number of stages completed (IED stages completed 7.79 (2.11) vs 6.85 (3.12), p = 0:35). Abusers (mean = 41.86 (7:50)) show a score statistically higher (p = 0.02) compared with non-abusers (mean = 35.29 (11.79) on Ekman test. On IED (stage completed), checking for the PANSS, the Met-Met genotype compared with Val-Val genotype was different in the group of abuse compared with the group not abusing (interaction coefficient -4.09 CI [-8.06, -0.13]; p = 0.043): Met-Met show a worse performance than in the group of Val-Val. The same type of interaction is confirmed also with regard to the Ekman , although not reaching statistical significance (interaction with coefficient -6.46 CI [-0.83, 13.76]; p = 0.081). CONCLUSIONS: subjects with schizophrenia and substance abuse seems to be less compromised from a neuropsychological point of view than those without abuse. Furthermore it is shown an interaction between the polymorphism for COMT gene and the condition of alcohol and substance abuse with regard to the FE and FER performance.
SANTAMBROGIO, JACOPO. « SPECIFIC COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTIONING AND VULNERABILITY TO SPECIFIC PSYCHOPATHOLOGY : A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER (INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY) ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10281/403047.
Texte intégralBackground: Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD) is diagnosed with cognitive tests and adaptive behaviour evaluations. There is increasing evidence of a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders comorbid with IDD, including papers on the relationship between adaptive behaviour and psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric comorbidities are often under-estimated, but as challenging behaviour is commonly present, they are over-medicated. The relationship between specific cognitive dysfunctions and psychiatric vulnerability has still not been adequately studied in cases of IDD, despite increasing evidence of common neurodevelopmental alterations and high co-occurrence. The concept that a specific cognitive dysfunction underlies a specific psychiatric disorder may facilitate understanding the connection between cognitive alterations and psychopathological vulnerability, and may provide the basis for a paradigm shift from “intellectually below average IQ” to “neuropsychological characterization”. Aims: The objective of this research was to reassess a clinical sample of IDD in cognitive profile, adaptive functioning and psychiatric comorbidities and investigating the correlation between specific cognitive dysfunctions and patterns and the presence of specific psychiatric symptoms and syndromes in IDD. 120 individuals with IDD from 3 Italian residential facilities were consecutively evaluated from June 2021 to August 2022. They were divided into two groups on the basis of a previous clinical evaluation by expert clinicians: the first group, with more intellectual resources, was evaluated using WAIS-IV or Leiter-3 scales, and a neuropsychological battery using the TMT, Stroop and TOL tests, after which a professional caregiver did individual interviews with them using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale-II, SPAIDD-G, and STA-DI to evaluate their adaptive behaviour, psychiatric comorbidities and presence of ASD. The second group, composed of individuals with more severe IDD, was evaluated only with professional caregiver assessment tools. The data statistical processing was predominantly calculation of frequency and correlation indexes. Results: The sample was composed of 90 males and 30 females, mean age 57 years, institutionalized for a mean period of 36.44 years. 52% had no education, 19% a middle school diploma. IDD diagnoses: borderline 3%, mild 16%, moderate 11%, moderate-severe 4%, severe 59%, profound 0%. From the medical records, 11% had a comorbid ASD diagnosis, but with diagnostic ASD (STA-DI) re-assessment this increased to 29%. 38% had challenging behaviour; 89% presented physical comorbidities, 58% psychiatric comorbidities, 56% psychoses. The diagnostic re-assessment for psychiatric comorbidities (SPAIDD-G) identified a significant number of disorders and revealed that despite the medical records showed a low prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses, a consistent quantity of psychotropic drugs had been prescribed, possibly reflecting the real prevalence of psychopathology revealed here by the SPAIDD-G tool but not adequately recognized in clinical routine and/or misinterpreted as challenging behaviour. Pearson correlations between cognitive tests and psychopathological items present significative findings. Discussion and Conclusions: In conclusion, the SPAIDD-G evaluations revealed a greater prevalence of psychopathology than reported in the medical records. This finding supports the importance of using psychopathological screening tools to improve the diagnostic process in residential facilities for IDD cases, which would consequently improve the psychopharmacological therapies. They also revealed the need to further investigate the correlation between cognitive dysfunctions and psychopathological vulnerability, studying intelligence as a multi-component model and identifying specific behavioural and cognitive phenotypes in IDD cases.
Dawson, Paul. « Moral cognitivism and moral realism ». Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407370.
Texte intégralMachado, Renata Guimarães. « Como é que se diz eu te amo : estudo sobre a relação entre narrativa e emoções ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27153/tde-16022011-123246/.
Texte intégralThis dissertation reports some aspects of the creative process on writing a feature movie script. During the screenwriting, it was attempted to investigate how the narrative can be used to elicit emotions and interest in the spectatorship. Through the review of Cognitivist Film Theory Scholars and Screenwriting Guides, considerations were raised on possible strategies to emotionally involve the viewer while telling the story. To elucidate these strategies, the analysis of the movie It happened one night (1934) follows. Having reached these considerations, the script is presented along with the trajectory of its writing.
Blomberg, Olle. « Non-cognitivism and thick moral concepts ». Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Religion and Culture, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6112.
Texte intégralEnligt ett argument mot nonkognitivismen som många kritiker hänvisat till, så är denna teori oförenlig med förekomsten av så kallade ‘tjocka moraliska begrepp’. Argumentet har dock aldrig artikulerats och preciserats ordentligt, vilket lett till att det ofta misstolkats av både anhängare och kritiker av nonkognitivismen. I uppsatsen rekonstrueras och utvärderas argumentet såsom det formulerats av John McDowell. Enligt argumentet är nonkognitivismen bristfällig eftersom den inte både kan ge en tillfredsställande analys av tjocka moraliska begrepp och framställa moralisk argumentation och debatt som rationell. Uppsatsen visar dock att nonkognitivister kan undvika denna slutsats på flera sätt. Uppsatsen innehåller även en översikt över olika nonkognitivistiska perspektiv på tjocka moraliska begrepp.
Many critics of non-cognitivism have argued that the existence of ‘thick moral concepts’ constitutes a serious challenge to non-cognitivist views of moral language. While this argument is frequently invoked, it has never been clearly articulated. Hence, the argument is often misinterpreted by both friends and foes of non-cognitivism. In this thesis, John McDowell’s forceful rendering of the argument is reconstructed and evaluated. According to the argument, non-cognitivism is not an adequate metaethical view because it cannot both provide an adequate analysis of thick moral concepts and construe moral discourse as rational. It is argued in this thesis that there are several ways in which non-cognitivists can avoid this conclusion. The thesis also contains a survey of various non-cognitivist views on thick moral concepts.
Skelton, Anthony John. « Three accounts of cognitivist internalism undermined ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq24916.pdf.
Texte intégralSobieszczanski, Marcin. « Art et perception : essai d'esthétique cognitiviste ». Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA082101.
Texte intégralScano, Maria Carmen <1974>. « Aspetti cognitivi dell'epilessia frontale notturna ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1791/1/scano_maria_carmen_tesi.pdf.
Texte intégralScano, Maria Carmen <1974>. « Aspetti cognitivi dell'epilessia frontale notturna ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1791/.
Texte intégralJablonski, Junior Sergio Jacques. « O mundo e a mente : níveis de causalidades e níveis de conhecimento : a causalidade analítica cerebral do mundo na mente e a causalidade mental sintética do cérebro no mundo ». Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4797.
Texte intégralCognition and epistemology: the question of the physical causality knowledge as a state and as content. The problem of experience awareness and knowledge in an epistemic analysis of psychology and ontology of the mental, based on a survey of key about the demarcation of different levels for the constructivist knowledge and their mental operations. An important implication of this discussion epistemic (and ontological) is the question of power (or not) support a theoretical possibility of dialogue and interdisciplinary the different conceptual and methodological positions concerning the mental (and knowledge). Discussed in Part I of the possibility of a dialogue between the epistemological pluralism through an analysis comparative concepts that can be equalized if their bases logical to refer to the possibility of a common ontology related, and if this plurality is able to allow for non-exclusive between the terms of their epistemic theories in question. To make viable the possibility of a theoretical investigation of different epistemologies of mind (Part II), we take as criteria translation inter theoretical (our "Rosetta Stone") an analysis relational ontological levels of the three fundamental and irreducible, (the physical, biological and psychological), and the interface between the bio-neurological and psychological meanings occurs through a hierarchy of memories. These levels are defined by fundamental specific epistemologies, which present opportunities for intimate conceptual relationship when rationalized from a perspective ontology based on evolutionary principles (broad temporality) and informational (broad spatiality). In conclusion we present some considerations about the problem of integrating mind-brain through the concept of neural code, capable of playing (in fact a transduction) relational properties of the world standards relationships in the brain, the result is translated into knowledge with potential causal effective power over the world. Thus a system memory operating levels of the same neural code can be considered a psychological synthesis.
Cognição e epistemologia: a questão da causalidade física do conhecimento como estado e como conteúdo. O problema da experiência consciente e do conhecimento em uma análise epistêmica da psicologia e ontológica do mental, com base em um exame de conceitos fundamentais acerca da demarcação de níveis construtivistas distintos para o conhecimento e suas operações mentais. Uma implicação importante desta discussão epistêmica (e ontológica) é a questão de poder (ou não) sustentar uma possibilidade de diálogo teórico e interdisciplinar entre as diferentes posições conceituais e metodológicas acerca do mental (e do conhecimento). Discutimos na Parte I a possibilidade de um diálogo entre o pluralismo epistemológico através de uma análise comparativa de conceitos que possam ser equalizados se, suas bases lógicas remeterem à possibilidade de uma mesma ontologia relacionada, e se este pluralismo for capaz de permitir relação não excludente entre os termos epistêmicos das respectivas teorias em questão. Para tornar viável tal possibilidade de investigação teórica entre diferentes epistemologias do mental (Parte II), tomamos como critérios de tradução inter teórica (nossa pedra de roseta ) uma análise relacional dos três níveis ontológicos fundamentais e irredutíveis, (o físico, o biológico e o psicológico), sendo que a interface entre o bioneurológico e os significados psicológicos ocorre através de uma hierarquia de memórias. Tais níveis fundamentais são definidos por epistemologias específicas, que apresentam possibilidades de íntimo relacionamento conceitual quando racionalizadas sob uma perspectiva ontológica fundamentada em princípios evolutivos (ampla temporalidade) e informacionais (ampla espacialidade). Na conclusão apresentamos algumas considerações acerca do problema da integração mente-cérebro, através do conceito de código neural, capaz de reproduzir (na verdade uma transdução de) propriedades relacionais do mundo em padrões relacionais do cérebro, cujo resultado se traduz em conhecimento com potencial de poder causal efetivo sobre o mundo. Desta forma um sistema de memórias que operam níveis de um mesmo código neural pode ser considerado uma síntese psicológica.
Cortese, Juliann. « A social cognitivist view of hypermedia learning ». Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1117124538.
Texte intégralTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xv, 201 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-201). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
Kalf, Wouter Floris. « Moral error theory : a cognitivist realist defence ». Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5499/.
Texte intégralNyns, Roland. « Text grammar and text processing : a cognitivist approach ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213285.
Texte intégralBerntsen, Jason. « Non-cognitivism, internalism, and the Frege-Geach problem ». Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4659.
Texte intégralThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on November 26, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Ferraz, Eliane Botelho. « O sistema metafórico da moralidade : uma abordagem cognitivista ». Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2007. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4620.
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O presente estudo tem como objeto o sistema conceptual metafórico da Moralidade. Como escopo teórico, apresenta as teses centrais da Lingüística Cognitiva, recortadas a partir dos pressupostos acerca dos processos de conceptualização, categorização e integração conceptual, arquitetados por este modelo teórico (LAKOFF & JOHNSON, 1980, 1999; LAKOFF, 1987; JOHNSON, 1987; FILLMORE 1977,1982a, 1982B; FAUCONNIER & TURNER, 2002). Nesse enquadre, o principal constructo teórico, do presente estudo, é a Teoria Conceptual da Metáfora (LAKOFF & JOHNSON, 1980, 1999), acrescida das contribuições advindas da Teoria Conceptual da Mesclagem (FAUCONNIER & TURNER, 2002) e das diferentes discussões acerca da interação entre Metáfora e Metonímia (BARCELONA, 2003, RADDEN, 2003). Igual relevo tem a Hipótese Sociocognitiva da Linguagem, nos termos de Salomão (1997; 1999) e Miranda (2000), dada a importância que tal hipótese atribui ao caráter sociocultural e interacional dos processos de significação. Nos termos desse paradigma, os conceitos abstratos são largamente metafóricos e o pensamento moral é imaginativo e depende fundamentalmente de nossa compreensão metafórica (JOHNSON, 1993). Este trabalho assume tal perspectiva, o que implica pensar os significados em termos da sua flexibilidade, promovida pelos processos de integração imaginativos, instituídos a partir de nossa experiência física, social e cultural. Subscrevendo a hipótese (LAKOFF & JOHNSON, 1999) de que o modelo cultural de bemestar físico e social seria o escopo da rede metafórica da moralidade, nossa agenda investigativa principal foi a busca de evidências empíricas, desse sistema conceptual, em corpus do Português do Brasil (PB) (Revista VEJA on-line). A investigação dos processos cognitivos que instituem tal rede conceptual constituiu-se como outra meta, seguida da avaliação do peso dos resultados analíticos obtidos, para um trabalho lexicográfico no PB. Nossas conclusões confirmam a existência, em nossa língua e cultura, de uma rede metafórica complexa da Moralidade a partir do sistema conceptual de bem-estar (MORALIDADE É BEM-ESTAR). Apontam, também, para o caráter largamente inconsciente da metáfora conceptual, para a sua intrincada relação com a metonímia, assim como reafirmam a relevância das análises cognitivistas da significação para um trabalho lexicográfico no Português do Brasil.
The present study has as a proposition the metaphorical conceptual system of Morality. As the theoretical scope, it presents the central theses of Cognitive Linguistic, taken from the assumption concerning the conceptualization, categorization and conceptual integration processes built by this theoretical model (LAKOFF & JOHNSON, 1980, 1999; LAKOFF, 1987; JOHNSON, 1987; FILLMORE 1977, 1982a, 1982B; FAUCONNIER & TURNER, 2002). In this perspective, the main theoretical construct of the present study is the Conceptual Theory of Metaphor (LAKOFF & JOHNSON 1980,1999), added to the contributions from the Conceptual Theory of Blending (FAUCONNIER & TURNER, 2002) and from the different discussions concerning the interaction between Metaphor and Metonymy (BARCELONA , 2003, RADDEN,20003). Equal outstanding has the Sociocognitive Hypothesis of the Language in terms of Salomão (1997; 1999) and Miranda (2000); given the importance that such hypothesis attributes to the interactive and sociocultural character of the meaning processes. In terms of this paradigm, the abstract concepts are broadly metaphorical and the moral thinking is imaginative and it depends fundamentally on metaphorical understanding (JOHNSON, 1993). This work take for grant such perspective, what implies the wondering of meanings in terms of its flexibility promoted by the imaginative integration processes, worked out from our physical and sociocultural experience. Assuming the hypothesis (LAKOFF & JOHNSON, 1999), that the cultural model of physical and social well-being would be the scope of the morality metaphorical net, our main investigative agenda was the search of conceptual system of this empirical evidences, in corpus of Portuguese from Brazil (PB) (VEJA magazine on line). The investigation of cognitive processes that establish such conceptual net was constituted as other goal, following by the importance evaluation of the analytical results obtained, for a lexicographical work in PB. Our conclusions confirm the existence of a complex metaphorical net of morality in our culture and language, from the conceptual system of well-being (MORALITY IS WELLBEING). They also point to the broad unconscious character of the conceptual metaphor, to its intricate relationship with the metonymy, as well as they reaffirm the relevance of the cognitive analyses of the meaning for the lexicographical work in Portuguese from Brazil.
Thomas, Alan Price. « A contextual model of moral justification ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282052.
Texte intégralBraga, Henrique Santos. « Construções imperativas no português brasileiro : uma abordagem funcionalista-cognitivista ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-25082016-123209/.
Texte intégralThis paper proposes a cognitive-functionalist analysis about imperative constructions in Brazilian Portuguese (BP). Different from what happens in grammatical tradition, we do not just look at a pre-defined group of verb forms, opting for dealing with a broader set of directive speech acts. To do so, we hold our study on evidence extracted from cinematographic , which partly explains the functionalist character of the work, as we approach the language as a social interaction tool (cf. TRASK, 2004). However, the cognitive aspect underlies our main hypothesis, according to which the imperative is constructed as a metaphorically structured event, whose main bases are the cognitive categories FORCE and MOVEMENT. Then we seek to contribute with the BPs researches securing that the imperative constructions are an assorted ensemble of symbolic artifacts, through which an antagonist-enunciator can apply certain force on an enunciatee-agonist cf. TALMY (2000), therefore we postulate that IMPERATIVE IS FORCE.
COLOMBO, BARBARA. « Rapporti tra metacognizione e multimedialità nei processi cognitivi ». Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/147.
Texte intégralThe present work was aimed at exploring relations between metacognition (declined in metacogntion knowledge, monitoring and control) and multimedia, focusing particularly on the role that those elements have on cognitive processing. Starting from a theoretical analysis of Mayer's model of multimedia learning, and from a detailed examine of the recent literature concerning metacognition and multimedia, we devised 3 experimental projects. The first one was an analysis of instructional illustrated books, intended to discover embedded beliefs about multimedia. This project included also an interview study to directly investigate people naïve conceptions. The second research was aimed to investigate if cognitive principles underlying multimedia learning are counterintuitive asking students to rate the effectiveness of Mayer's own experimental materials. The third part was focused on the role of active metacognition and individual differences in the fruition of a multimedia presentation. Results from the three studies were discussed and compared with existing literature.
Piras, Fabrizio, et Fabrizio Piras. « La Morfologia Derivazionale : Aspetti Neuroanatomici, Cognitivi e Comportamentali ». Doctoral thesis, La Sapienza, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917156.
Texte intégralMion, Giorgio <1977>. « Linguaggi cognitivi e strumenti di comunicazione delle fondazioni ». Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/424.
Texte intégralSerena, Giovanna. « Aspetti cognitivi della scelta sessuale in Poecilia reticulata ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425817.
Texte intégralMolti modelli economici presuppongono che, nello scegliere tra diverse opzioni, gli esseri umani si comportino in modo razionale. Tuttavia la realtà risulta essere più complessa e spesso nel valutare diverse opzioni si ricorre ad euristiche basate sulla valutazione comparativa che, contrariamente a quanto atteso, possono portare a decisioni irrazionali. Gli studiosi di etologia, negli ultimi anni, si sono chiesti se anche gli animali, di fronte a più opzioni che variano per due o più caratteri non correlati tra loro, adottino una valutazione comparativa e siano quindi soggetti agli stessi limiti di razionalità degli esseri umani dimostrando di utilizzare strategie di scelta simili. Nella scelta del partner sessuale un animale spesso si trova a scegliere tra diverse opzioni -i potenziali partner- che possono differire per due o più caratteri e la scelta deve essere effettuata in modo rapido ed efficiente. Si può ipotizzare quindi che una valutazione di tipo comparativo possa essersi evoluta anche nel contesto della scelta sessuale. Tuttavia la ricerca fino ad ora in questo campo si è occupata quasi esclusivamente di identificare quali caratteri maschili vengano preferiti dalle femmine e i vantaggi selettivi che comportano mentre i meccanismi cognitivi implicati nella scelta e gli effetti dei limiti cognitivi sulla fitness dei maschi e delle femmine stesse sono stati finora sostanzialmente ignorati, con pochissime eccezioni. La presente ricerca si proponeva di indagare se nell’ambito della scelta del partner sessuale, i limiti cognitivi che guidano la scelta in Poecilia reticulata, un piccolo pesce di acqua dolce, siano gli stessi osservati nella nostra specie. I risultati suggeriscono che le femmine opererebbero una scelta non razionale in accordo con quanto ci si attende dall’utilizzo di strategie di tipo comparativo. Inoltre in risposta al comportamento di scelta femminile è stato osservato che i maschi sembrerebbero a loro volta in grado di modificare la loro strategia corteggiando la femmina in prossimità di quei maschi rispetto ai quali, se confrontati, risulterebbero più attraenti per assicurarsi un aumento del successo riproduttivo. Ulteriori studi saranno necessari per comprendere se vi siano dei criteri di razionalità anche nella scelta maschile.
Elfström, Johan. « Justification and Moral Cognitivism : An Analysis of Jürgen Habermas's Metaethics ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351646.
Texte intégraljacob, Joelma. « Mudança organizacional : um estudo de caso utilizando uma abordagem cognitivista ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 1996. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/158039.
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O trabalho busca compreender o processo de mudança organizaciona1 de uma empresa e sua relação com a satisfação do trabalhador através de uma visão holística. Utilizou-se uma abordagem cognitivista aliada ao método de pesquisa qualitativo, sendo interesse maior verificar como as pessoas são consideradas pela organização dentro de um contexto de mudança, como estão participando, como estão se sentindo, elaborando o diagnóstico da situação encontrada.
Rosteghin, Giulia <1990>. « Strumenti finanziari SRI : Caratteristiche e Bias Cognitivi dell’investitore retail ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19380.
Texte intégralMeakins, William. « Nietzsche on emotions and culture : the limits of naturalism and cognitivism ». Thesis, University of Essex, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.559266.
Texte intégralGipps, Richard. « Alienation and the sciences of mind : understanding schizophrenia without cognitivist theory ». Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/66605/.
Texte intégralMascellino, Lucrezia. « Processi cognitivi nella relazione con interfacce digitali : l'uso delle icone ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11970/.
Texte intégralGiacalone, Marika. « Ruolo dei ritmi cerebrali nell'attenzione e nell'integrazione dei processi cognitivi ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20112/.
Texte intégralSEREGNI, FABIO GINO. « IL PRINCIPIO DI "DETERMINATEZZA" : PROFLILI GIURIDICO-PENALI, CRIMINOLOGICI E COGNITIVI ». Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/51709.
Texte intégralThe thesis aims to update the principle of “certainty”, as a corollary of the principle of legality, in order to outline the binding scope of the principle with respect to the decision of crimnal law. The first part of the paper develops a reconnaissance analysis of the doctrinal and jurisprudential debate, also by reviewing the most significant rulings of the Constitutional Court, on the evolution of the principle in the Italian legal system. The results of this survey lead to developing a dimension of the principle in a "broad" sense, ie as a criterion of adherence of the norm to the reality, both procedural and human, which it intends to define and regulate. The study then analyzes, in the second part, the foundation and the impact of political-criminal action from a criminological and cognitive perspective considering, first of all, the factors and the empirical variables of the choices of criminalization and, secondly, combining the results obtained with the most current research conducted in the cognitive psychology. The cutting of originality of the work lies in applying these results in the activity of choice of the legal asset and typification of the criminal case. The empirical / cognitive perspective of the principle is therefore declined from a critical point of view in the analysis of some cases of special part, with specific reference to crimes of concussion (in constructive and inductive form) and corruption. The deficits of the two cases reflect, in fact, on the regulatory and judicial level the difficulties of preparing effective strategies to prevent and combat the phenomenon of corruption. In this sense, the study proposes a criminal model law that is integrated by the study of cognitive sciences and that allows it to act as a valid tool for the legislator in the fight against corruption.
Quarteroni, Philipppe. « Cognitivité et enseignement assisté par ordinateur : une approche par et pour la gestion de projet ». Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30104.
Texte intégralEconomides, Alexander. « How Music Makes Us Feel ». Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/philosophy_theses/106.
Texte intégralLartillot-Nakamura, Olivier. « Fondements d'un système d'analyse musicale computationnelle suivant une modélisation cognitiviste de l'écoute ». Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006909.
Texte intégralShifres, Favio. « Beyond cognitivism : alternative perspectives on the communication of musical structure through performance ». Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2007. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/beyond-cognitivism(28ba4eb5-7429-4396-91b8-924155a7d520).html.
Texte intégralFerreira, Juliana dos Santos. « A conceptualização de bandido em expressões bandido de x : uma perspectiva cognitivista ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4079.
Texte intégralThe theme of this study is the concept of bandit. We intend to investigate, analyze and describe the idealized cognitive models of 32 expressions resulted from the construction bandit of x .We organized a corpus composed of 137 comments taken from the internet that contain bandit of x expressions. We provide a description of the Idealized Cognitive Models. It counts on the contributions of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (LAKOFF and JONHSON, 1980), Conceptual Blending Theory (FAUCONNIER and TURNER, 2002) and Idealized Cognitive Models Theory (LAKOFF, 1987). The another part of the corpus was made by analyzing responses of 15 elementary school students, 18 middle school students and 20 college students which students set 24 expressions bandit x. The research followed a qualitative procedure of data analysis which we see the different interpretations given to the terms on the basis of various cognitive processes Thus, based on analysis of comments from netizens and definitions of students, we propose four processes of conceptualization to outlaw expressions of x: (a) conceptualization based on propositional cognitive models, where x is interpreted as a rental place of origin or acting bandit - bandit hill, street thug, thug in jail - (b) conceptualization based on the schematic, pictorial models, we observe the allocation of a kind of scale to the meaning attributed to construction, culminating in different status for category villain of x, the underlying expressions bandit first / second / fifth category / line, (c) conceptualization of x-based metonymic models, where x is a piece of clothing / footwear / accessories, so to interpret the bandit as belonging to a category that tends to use certain piece of clothing, accessory or footwear - white collar crook, uniformed bandits, bandit slipper - (d) conceptualization of BANDIT of x, based on metaphorical models in x is an abstract concept that can be understood as an object owned by the BANDIT in order to characterize it by way of acting or expertise - bandit concept, attitude bandit, bandit of faith. We believe, therefore, the possibility of description of standards governing the conceptualization of BANDIT of x, whose senses achieved through modifiers reveal productivity and complexity of the cognitive model BANDIT
Sabnis, Sujay. « Cognitivism in School Psychologists’ Talk about Cultural Responsiveness : A Critical Discourse Analysis ». Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7919.
Texte intégralFabbri, Ilaria. « Ambiti applicativi dell'EEG e della fMRI nello studio dei processi cognitivi ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7593/.
Texte intégralStellings, Alan. « Music cognition as musical culture, a philosophical investigation of cognitivist theory of music ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0005/NQ28131.pdf.
Texte intégralDomsky, Darren. « Is syntax intrinsic to physics?, an examination of John Searle's attack on cognitivism ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0005/MQ34307.pdf.
Texte intégralMishina, Tatyana [Verfasser]. « Cognitivism as comprehensive approach to culture research. / Tatyana Mishina ; West-Ost-Verlag Berlin ». Berlin : West-Ost-Verlag, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221741764/34.
Texte intégralVasconcelos, Lopes Diana. « O processo da escrita e reescrita em língua inglesa : uma perspectiva sócio-cognitivista ». Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2004. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/7953.
Texte intégralConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
A pesquisa científica sobre a escrita tem evoluído de uma visão centrada no produto para um enfoque nos processos individuais do sujeito cognitivo que produz o texto. Mais recentemente, os estudos incorporaram características de interatividade em que os modos de participação do outro revestem-se de suma importância, orientando o processo de construção e de reconstrução textual do indivíduo. O propósito central desta pesquisa é averiguar o grau de aprimoramento na habilidade de produção textual escrita em língua inglesa de alunos em uma instituição particular de ensino de línguas no Recife. Para tanto, os alunos foram submetidos a práticas de interação e mediação em sala de aula, procedendo-se, em seguida, às observações e análises dos processos lingüístico-cognitivos e sócio-interativos, envolvidos na escrita e na reescrita de narrativas de aventura e de textos de opinião. O trabalho está fundamentado, entre outros, nos pressupostos teóricos de Vygotsky (1998), Bakhtin (1992) e Bronckart (1999). O corpus foi constituído a partir de um questionário sociocultural, das produções escritas dos alunos, além das entrevistas e dos processos discursivos gravados em vídeo. Os resultados da pesquisa revelaram a necessidade de buscar alternativas para os procedimentos didático-metodológicos vigentes na prática de ensino da escrita em língua inglesa. Espera-se, assim, poder contribuir para investir o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de um caráter sociointeracional, no qual a mediação do outro se consagra como fator determinante para o desenvolvimento do aluno como leitor e produtor textual
GIANCOLA, MARCO. « Fattori cognitivi, di personalità ed emotivi coinvolti nella creatività : dall'infanzia all'età adulta ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11697/192068.
Texte intégralSperança-Criscuolo, Ana Carolina [UNESP]. « Orações subordinadas substantivas sob uma perspectiva funcionalista-cognitivista : uma proposta de descrição e ensino ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103544.
Texte intégralCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Neste trabalho, propõe-se uma descrição das orações subordinadas substantivas a partir de uma abordagem funcionalista-cognitivista, em que o objetivo principal é apontar sugestões para uma possível prática pedagógica. A motivação para esta pesquisa é a problemática do ensino de gramática, fortemente associado à estrutura e à classificação dos elementos linguísticos. Para o estudo das orações subordinadas substantivas, foi composto um corpus com textos do tipo narrativo (romances, contos e notícias) e do tipo argumentativo (artigos de opinião, textos de divulgação científica e artigos acadêmicos). Dentre as orações encontradas nesse corpus, as mais frequentes foram as predicadas por verbos dicendi, verbos de atividade mental e pela construção “ser + adjetivo”, portanto as orações subordinadas substantivas objetivas diretas e as subjetivas. Segundo os pressupostos da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008) e da teoria cognitivista da Integração Conceptual (FAUCONNIER; TURNER, 2002), observaram-se aspectos subjetivos codificados nessas construções sintáticas, motivados pelas intenções comunicativas do Falante e pela maneira como ele conceptualiza o mundo ao seu redor. Em termos pragmáticos, as orações estudadas correspondem a estratégias de que o Falante dispõe para demonstrar maior ou menor comprometimento com o que diz, preservando sua face, e também para garantir a confiabilidade da afirmação asseverada; em termos linguísticos, elas mostram adaptações (BYBEE, 2010) que a língua sofre em função das necessidades comunicativas do Falante. Do ponto de vista do ensino de gramática – especificamente da sintaxe – acredita-se que o foco na funcionalidade destas orações pode tornar a prática em sala de aula mais rica e eficiente
In this work, we propose a description of complement constructions concerning a functional-cognitive approach. This research was motivated by problems related to grammar teaching, which is tightly associated to language structure and formal description. A corpus with narrative texts (novels, short stories and newspaper news) and argumentation texts (opinion articles, popular science texts and academic papers) was composed for the study of complement constructions. Among the subordinate constructions found in the corpus, the most frequent were the ones in which the predicator of the main clause was an elocution verb, a mental verb and the expression “be + adjective”, therefore, the clauses in the position of direct object and subject. According to Functional Discourse Grammar assumptions (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008) and the cognitive theory of Conceptual Integration (FAUCONNIER; TURNER, 2002), we observed some subjective aspects encoded by these syntactic constructions, motivated by Speaker‟s communicative intentions and by the way he/she conceptualizes the world around him. In pragmatic terms, the complement clauses we studied correspond to Speaker‟s strategies to demonstrate his commitment degree with what he‟s saying, protecting his/her face, and also assuring the information‟s reliability; in linguistic terms, they show the language suffers some adaptations (BYBEE, 2010) to serve Speaker‟s communicative needs. Concerning grammar teaching – especially syntax teaching – we believe that the focus in the functionality of these constructions can make its teaching richer and more efficient
François, Any Marie-Gérard. « Value as part of reality : an internal realist response to non-cognitivism in ethics ». Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61116.
Texte intégralBaggiotto, Anny Liege Copetti. « A natureza da interface linguagem audiovisual-linguagem verbal no discurso publicitário : uma abordagem cognitivista ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/2183.
Texte intégralThis study analyzed the inferences of the publicity speech in both audiovisual and verbal language through a cognitive approach. The Gricean Theory of Implicatures (1989) and The Relevance Theory of Sperber & Wilson (1995) were applied as a method of theoretical analysis in three selected publicity audiovisuals. So, the linguistics and cognitive phenomena that are involved in the advertising audiovisual message, can be objectively observed. A research with the viewers and the scene directors of the publicity audiovisuals was implemented in order to legitimate the analysis. Thus the required objectives were accomplished and the hypotheses were corroborated. From the theoretical observations and the result analyses, was possible to recognize and prove that the inferential communication theory was true, to verify the message understanding through the implicits.
O presente estudo trata-se de uma análise das inferências na linguagem audiovisual e linguagem verbal do discurso publicitário a partir de uma abordagem cognitivista. O constructo teórico da Teoria das Implicaturas de Grice (1989) e da Teoria da Relevância de Sperber & Wilson (1995) foi aplicado como método de análise teórica em três peças audiovisuais publicitárias selecionadas, assim, pode-se objetivamente observar os fenômenos lingüísticos e cognitivos envolvidos na compreensão da mensagem audiovisual publicitária. A fim de legitimar a análise, foram realizadas pesquisas com espectadores e com os diretores de cena das respectivas peças audiovisuais publicitárias, cumprindo os objetivos propostos e corroborando as hipóteses levantadas. Da união das observações teóricas com os resultados das análises, foi possível reconhecer e comprovar a eficácia dessas teorias da comunicação inferencial, para verificação da compreensão da mensagem através dos implícitos.
Sperança-Criscuolo, Ana Carolina. « Orações subordinadas substantivas sob uma perspectiva funcionalista-cognitivista : uma proposta de descrição e ensino / ». Araraquara : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103544.
Texte intégralBanca: Rosane de Andrade Berlinck
Banca: Critina Martins Fargetti
Banca: Flávia Bezerra de Menezes Hirata-Vale
Banca: Isa Mara da Rosa Alves
Resumo: Neste trabalho, propõe-se uma descrição das orações subordinadas substantivas a partir de uma abordagem funcionalista-cognitivista, em que o objetivo principal é apontar sugestões para uma possível prática pedagógica. A motivação para esta pesquisa é a problemática do ensino de gramática, fortemente associado à estrutura e à classificação dos elementos linguísticos. Para o estudo das orações subordinadas substantivas, foi composto um corpus com textos do tipo narrativo (romances, contos e notícias) e do tipo argumentativo (artigos de opinião, textos de divulgação científica e artigos acadêmicos). Dentre as orações encontradas nesse corpus, as mais frequentes foram as predicadas por verbos dicendi, verbos de atividade mental e pela construção "ser + adjetivo", portanto as orações subordinadas substantivas objetivas diretas e as subjetivas. Segundo os pressupostos da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008) e da teoria cognitivista da Integração Conceptual (FAUCONNIER; TURNER, 2002), observaram-se aspectos subjetivos codificados nessas construções sintáticas, motivados pelas intenções comunicativas do Falante e pela maneira como ele conceptualiza o mundo ao seu redor. Em termos pragmáticos, as orações estudadas correspondem a estratégias de que o Falante dispõe para demonstrar maior ou menor comprometimento com o que diz, preservando sua face, e também para garantir a confiabilidade da afirmação asseverada; em termos linguísticos, elas mostram adaptações (BYBEE, 2010) que a língua sofre em função das necessidades comunicativas do Falante. Do ponto de vista do ensino de gramática - especificamente da sintaxe - acredita-se que o foco na funcionalidade destas orações pode tornar a prática em sala de aula mais rica e eficiente
Abstract: In this work, we propose a description of complement constructions concerning a functional-cognitive approach. This research was motivated by problems related to grammar teaching, which is tightly associated to language structure and formal description. A corpus with narrative texts (novels, short stories and newspaper news) and argumentation texts (opinion articles, popular science texts and academic papers) was composed for the study of complement constructions. Among the subordinate constructions found in the corpus, the most frequent were the ones in which the predicator of the main clause was an elocution verb, a mental verb and the expression "be + adjective", therefore, the clauses in the position of direct object and subject. According to Functional Discourse Grammar assumptions (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008) and the cognitive theory of Conceptual Integration (FAUCONNIER; TURNER, 2002), we observed some subjective aspects encoded by these syntactic constructions, motivated by Speaker‟s communicative intentions and by the way he/she conceptualizes the world around him. In pragmatic terms, the complement clauses we studied correspond to Speaker‟s strategies to demonstrate his commitment degree with what he‟s saying, protecting his/her face, and also assuring the information‟s reliability; in linguistic terms, they show the language suffers some adaptations (BYBEE, 2010) to serve Speaker‟s communicative needs. Concerning grammar teaching - especially syntax teaching - we believe that the focus in the functionality of these constructions can make its teaching richer and more efficient
Doutor
Piana, Daniela. « Formes de la rationalité et changement social : pour une théorie cognitiviste de la rationalité ». Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040024.
Texte intégralMoss-Wellington, Wyatt Michael. « Humanist Narratology and the Suburban Ensemble Dramedy ». Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17249.
Texte intégralCamorani, Luisa. « Analisi mediante trasformata wavelet di segnali elettroencefalografici a riposo e durante compiti cognitivi ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20792/.
Texte intégralGalletti, Eleonora. « Il ritmo cerebrale alpha nei processi cognitivi e sue alterazioni nelle malattie neurologiche ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21810/.
Texte intégralBarros, Maria Betânia Arantes [UNESP]. « Relato e realidade nas cartas brasileiras do Padre Antônio Vieira : uma visão cognitivista e cultural ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93869.
Texte intégralO padre Antônio Vieira, grande escritor português da época do Barroco, mestre da oratória, filósofo, foi um dos personagens mais influentes do século XVII. Defensor dos indígenas e dos cristãos-novos, Vieira é autor de muitos sermões, por meio dos quais pregava ao povo, conseguindo, por sua oratória, unir pessoas de diferentes origens sociais. O poder da sua argumentação era algo divino e, até nos dias de hoje, suas obras são lidas e lembradas. Essa foi uma das razões que motivaram a proposta desta nossa pesquisa. Nosso foco foi analisar a questão da coerência, segundo a metarregra de relação, proposta por Charolles (2002), aplicando-a em uma de suas Cartas do Brasil, a Carta Ânua. Motivou-nos a isso a quase certeza de que, para o entendimento do leitor moderno, especialmente dos jovens, a relação entre o texto e os estados de coisas narrados poderia oferecer obstáculos consideráveis, uma vez que essa relação é necessariamente mediada por fatores históricos e culturais, envolvendo valores da época em que foram escritos. Em outras palavras, é necessário que ações, estados ou eventos narrados em um texto sejam percebidos como congruentes dentro do mundo reconhecido por quem o avalia. A escolha da Carta Ânua deveu-se ao fato de Vieira narrar, segundo seu ponto de vista, os acontecimentos da primeira invasão holandesa no Brasil. Além do trabalho de Charolles (op. cit.), usamos também, como ferramenta teórica, a teoria dos frames, de acordo com a ótica de Kövecses (2006)
Father Antonio Vieira, great Portuguese writer of the Baroque period, master in oratory, philosopher, was one of the most influent people in the XVII century. Protector of Indians and new-Christians, Vieira is the author of many sermons, by which he preached to people, achieving by his oratory to connect people from different social origins. The power of his rhetoric was divine and, until nowadays, his works are read and remembered. That was one of the reasons that induced the proposal of our research. Our focus was to analyze the issue of coherence, according to the relation rule proposed by Charolles (2002), applying it to one of Vieira’s Brazilian Letters, Carta Anua. This choice was motivated by the fact that, to the reader’s modern understanding, especially the young ones, the relationship between the text and the related state of affairs could impose considerable barriers, because that relationship is necessarily mediated by historic and cultural reasons, encompassing values from the time they were written in. In other words, it is necessary that actions, states, or narrated events in a text be understood as congruent to the accepted world belonging to whom measures it. The choice of Carta Anua is also due to the fact that Vieira narrates, according to his viewpoint, the events of the first Dutch invasion in Brazil. Besides using Charolles’ theory, we have also used the frame theory, according to the Kovecses (2006)