Bibliographies thématiques / COGNITION ENHANCERS

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « COGNITION ENHANCERS »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "COGNITION ENHANCERS"

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Riedel, Wim J., et Jellemer Jolles. « Cognition Enhancers in Age-Related Cognitive Decline ». Drugs & ; Aging 8, no 4 (avril 1996) : 245–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002512-199608040-00003.

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Bullard, Ashley R. « Neither Licit nor Illicit ». Contemporary Drug Problems 45, no 3 (5 août 2018) : 262–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091450918789415.

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Cognition enhancers—drugs used to enhance cognition in healthy people—have generated a substantial amount of debate in the academic literature. In these debates, cognition enhancers are considered to promise (or threaten) to drastically change society. Cognition enhancers, as a “new breed of drugs,” are significant as they disrupt the licit–illicit binary maintained in the moral logic of pharmaceutical legitimacy. Cognition enhancers, despite putatively going beyond the legitimate purpose of restoring health, are not considered illicit. Their specificity positions them differently from medical, recreational, and other enhancement or “lifestyle” drugs, such that they elicit different rationales of governance. Utilizing a discursive analysis of the debates concerning cognition enhancers, I demonstrate how cognition enhancers cannot be determined by fixed properties either internal or external to themselves, but are rendered (reasonably) coherent through the problematizations that they produce. Questions of the boundaries of treatment and enhancement, equality and fairness, authenticity and autonomy, are bound up with concerns over the nature of being human. The discourse on cognition enhancers is underpinned by the assumption that these drugs do not repair a disorder but rather enhance an already “healthy” subject to an idealized subject, a construct underpinned by conceptions of a “normal” subject that is White, heteromasculine, and nondisabled. This presumption exists in the hinterlands that constitute these drugs as “cognition enhancers.”
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Vitriolo, Alessandro, Michele Gabriele et Giuseppe Testa. « From enhanceropathies to the epigenetic manifold underlying human cognition ». Human Molecular Genetics 28, R2 (14 août 2019) : R226—R234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddz196.

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Abstract A vast portion of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders is genetically caused by mutations in chromatin modulators. These proteins play key roles in development and are also highly expressed in the adult brain. Specifically, the pivotal role of chromatin regulation in transcription has placed enhancers at the core of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) studies, ushering in the coining of the term enhanceropathies. The convergence of these disorders is multilayered, spanning from molecular causes to pathophysiological traits, including extensive overlaps between enhanceropathies and neurocristopathies. The reconstruction of epigenetic circuitries wiring development and underlying cognitive functions has gone hand in hand with the development of tools that increase the sensitivity of identifying regulatory regions and linking enhancers to their target genes. The available models, including loop extrusion and phase separation, have been bringing into relief complementary aspects to interpret gene regulation datasets, reinforcing the idea that enhancers are not all the same and that regulatory regions possess shades of enhancer-ness and promoter-ness. The current limits in enhancer definition, within the emerging broader understanding of chromatin dynamics in time and space, are now on the verge of being transformed by the possibility to interrogate developmentally relevant three-dimensional cellular models at single-cell resolution. Here we discuss the contours of how these technological advances, as well as the epistemic limitations they are set to overcome, may well usher in a change of paradigm for NDDs, moving the quest for convergence from enhancers to the four-dimensional (4D) genome.
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Costall, Brenda, Janine Barnes, M. Hamon, W. Müller et M. Briley. « Biochemical Models for Cognition Enhancers ». Pharmacopsychiatry 23, S 2 (février 1990) : 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1014540.

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Fröstl, W., et L. Maître. « The Families of Cognition Enhancers ». Pharmacopsychiatry 22, S 2 (octobre 1989) : 54–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1014626.

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Sarter, Martin. « Preclinical research into cognition enhancers ». Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 27, no 11 (novembre 2006) : 602–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2006.09.004.

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Sarter, Martin. « Taking stock of cognition enhancers ». Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 12 (janvier 1991) : 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0165-6147(91)90636-7.

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Rudra, Pranab. « Ethical Underpinning and Implications of “Nootropic” Concept ». Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Philosophica. Ethica-Aesthetica-Practica, no 32 (30 décembre 2018) : 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6107.32.03.

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The current generation paving the path for new research marks a milestone to attain the ancient goal of improving our cognition. To date, increased prevalence of cognitive enhancers by healthy people has raised the scientific community’s attention as well as media coverage. In particular, nootropics such as piracetam promise to offer modest improvements in cognitive performance. The long-lasting impetus of this “holistic enhancer” convinced scientists as well as ethicists to discuss its potential ethical implications and future directions. Moreover, there are discrepancies in the concept of a true nootropic between pharmacology and contemporary public culture. Here, I review the ethical aspects of nootropics raised by its potential use in cognition enhancement and substantiate the epistemological commentary on the concept of nootropic.
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Maubach, Karen. « GABAA Receptor Subtype Selective Cognition Enhancers ». Current Drug Target -CNS & ; Neurological Disorders 2, no 4 (1 août 2003) : 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568007033482779.

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Flitman, Stephen S. « Tranquilizers, Stimulants, and Enhancers of Cognition ». Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America 10, no 2 (mai 1999) : 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1047-9651(18)30206-7.

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Thèses sur le sujet "COGNITION ENHANCERS"

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Hogervorst, Eva. « Age-related cognitive decline and cognition enhancers ». Maastricht : Maastricht : Neuropsych Publishers ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 1998. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6058.

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Koychev, Ivan. « Neuropsychological and electrophysiological biomarkers of the schizophrenia spectrum ». Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/neuropsychological-and-electrophysiological-biomarkers-of-the-schizophrenia-spectrum(f58fb858-bb36-4fd7-875e-2ea62cc8e9b3).html.

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Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric disorder lying at the extreme of a spectrum of disorders that possibly share a common abnormality in neural connectivity. Efforts to reverse the core cognitive manifestations of schizophrenia using drug treatments have so far been unsuccessful. This thesis investigates the cognitive abnormalities and their electrophysiological correlates across the schizophrenia spectrum in order to identify and validate biomarkers for proof of concept studies of cognitive enhancers. Such studies in milder disorders of the schizophrenia spectrum such as schizotypal personality trait may be a crucial method in identifying new effective compounds, as reviewed in Chapter 3, and tested in Chapter 4. The latter features the results of a large three-centre study which probed the sensitivity of several neuropsychological measures to the schizotypy phenotype, as well as to the effects of amisulpride, risperidone and nicotine. Schizotypal volunteers showed impaired performance only on the more difficult tasks. The most consistent pharmacological finding was that amisulpride tended to improve performance in the high schizotypy group but to impair it in the average schizotypy controls. One interpretation is that the ability of low dose amisulpride to enhance dopamine function in frontal cortex reversed an impairment of dopamine function present in the high schizotypes which is thought to occur in schizophrenia. Chapter 5 explored the methodological question of whether low or average schizotypy individuals should be used as controls in cognitive comparisons versus high schizotypy. The results suggest that low schizotypes have the most intact cognitive performance and are therefore the control group of choice. Chapters 6, 7 and 8 tested the hypothesis that cognitive deficits are part of a larger information processing abnormality in the schizophrenia spectrum. In accordance, both high schizotypy and schizophrenia patients exhibited reduced amplitude of an early visual evoked potential P1 (Chapters 6 and 8, respectively) and disruptions of the underlying evoked neural oscillations (Chapters 7 and 8). The pattern of abnormalities suggested an inefficient top-down modulation of perception in the schizophrenia spectrum. These data argue that cognitive abnormalities and their electrophysiological correlate may be sensitive biomarkers of the core dysconnectivity deficit in schizophrenia. This thesis supports their use in proof of concept studies to foster the development of cognitive enhancers.
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Spowart-Manning, Laura. « The evaluation of behavioural tasks and animal models of Alzheimer's disease for assessing putative cognition enhancers, using a cholinesterase inhibitor as reference compound ». Thesis, University of Bristol, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/09e768fe-f64c-47c0-b4d4-d0a19b8ff23d.

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Hu, Fang-Tzu. « Getting the point : tracing worked examples enhances learning ». Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12478.

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Embodied cognition perspectives suggest that pointing and tracing with the index finger may support learning, with basic laboratory research indicating such gestures have considerable effects on information processing in working memory. The present thesis examined whether tracing worked examples could enhance learning through decreased intrinsic cognitive load. In Experiment 1, 56 Year 6 students (mean age = 11.20, SD = .44) were presented with either tracing or no-tracing instructions on parallel lines relationships. The tracing group solved more acquisition phase practice questions and made fewer test phase errors, but otherwise test results were limited by ceiling effects. 42 Year 5 students (mean age = 10.50, SD = .51) were recruited in Experiment 2 to better align the materials with students’ knowledge levels. The tracing group outperformed the non-tracing group at the test and reported lower levels of test difficulty, interpreted as lower levels of intrinsic cognitive load. Experiment 3 recruited 52 Year 6 and Year 7 students (mean age = 12.04, SD = .59) presented with materials on angle relationships of a triangle; the tracing effect was replicated on test scores and errors, but not test difficulty. Experiment 4 used the parallel lines materials to test hypothesized gradients across experimental conditions with 72 Year 5 students (mean age = 9.94, SD = .33), predicting the tracing on the paper group would outperform the tracing above the paper group, who in turn would outperform the non-tracing group. The hypothesized gradient was established across practice questions correctly answered, practice question errors, test questions correctly answered, test question time to solution, and test difficulty self-reports. The results establish that incorporating the haptic input into worked example-based instruction design enhances the worked example effect and that tracing worked examples is a natural, simple yet effective way to enhance novices’ mathematics learning.
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Pinard-Welyczko, Kira. « Does Training Enhance Entraining ? Musical Ability and Neural Signatures of Beat Perception ». Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1495617848085978.

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Yan, Qiben. « Security Enhanced Communications in Cognitive Networks ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49704.

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With the advent of ubiquitous computing and Internet of Things (IoT), potentially billions of devices will create a broad range of data services and applications, which will require the communication networks to efficiently manage the increasing complexity. Cognitive network has been envisioned as a new paradigm to address this challenge, which has the capability of reasoning, planning and learning by incorporating cutting edge technologies including knowledge representation, context awareness, network optimization and machine learning. Cognitive network spans over the entire communication system including the core network and wireless links across the entire protocol stack. Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) is a part of cognitive network over wireless links, which endeavors to better utilize the spectrum resources. Core network provides a reliable backend infrastructure to the entire communication system. However, the CR communication and core network infrastructure have attracted various security threats, which become increasingly severe in pace with the growing complexity and adversity of the modern Internet. The focus of this dissertation is to exploit the security vulnerabilities of the state-of-the-art cognitive communication systems, and to provide detection, mitigation and protection mechanisms to allow security enhanced cognitive communications including wireless communications in CRNs and wired communications in core networks. In order to provide secure and reliable communications in CRNs: emph{first}, we incorporate security mechanisms into fundamental CRN functions, such as secure spectrum sensing techniques that will ensure trustworthy reporting of spectrum reading. emph{Second}, as no security mechanism can completely prevent all potential threats from entering CRNs, we design a systematic passive monitoring framework, emph{SpecMonitor}, based on unsupervised machine learning methods to strategically monitor the network traffic and operations in order to detect abnormal and malicious behaviors. emph{Third}, highly capable cognitive radios allow more sophisticated reactive jamming attack, which imposes a serious threat to CR communications. By exploiting MIMO interference cancellation techniques, we propose jamming resilient CR communication mechanisms to survive in the presence of reactive jammers. Finally, we focus on protecting the core network from botnet threats by applying cognitive technologies to detect network-wide Peer-to-Peer (P2P) botnets, which leads to the design of a data-driven botnet detection system, called emph{PeerClean}. In all the four research thrusts, we present thorough security analysis, extensive simulations and testbed evaluations based on real-world implementations. Our results demonstrate that the proposed defense mechanisms can effectively and efficiently counteract sophisticated yet powerful attacks.
Ph. D.
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Wong, Philip Siva Vittozzi. « Cognitive enhancers : a pharmacological intervention for the treatment of substance dependence ». Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/31622.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
Dependence from addictive substances is a serious public health concern in the United States. Alcohol appears to be the most popular abused substance, while cigarette smoking has the highest rates of mortality. Though not as popular, illicit drugs such as cocaine and opioids are able to cause incredible damage to the lives of addicted individuals and to the people around them. The toxic injuries produced in the brain and the presence of withdrawal symptoms often result in cognitive deficits. Individuals that are able to terminate the consumption of drugs often have a hard time regaining their previous cognitive abilities. This partially contributes to the high incidence of relapse, which represents a major problem faced by the medical community. So far treatment has relied on cognitive behavioral therapy and a number of pharmacological agents. Even when combined, these approaches have not yielded satisfying results. For some types of addictions, such as the one for cocaine, there are no approved medications. Therefore research has made tremendous efforts to understand how the brain responds to addictive substances with the hope that such knowledge will lead to new pharmacological treatments. Cognitive enhancers are a promising class of drugs that is under investigation for the treatment of substance dependence. Most of them have been tested for their ability to decrease drug craving and consumption. Some of them are also being examined for their ability to reverse the cognitive deficits produced by previous drug exposure. The present thesis will examine the current literature on four cognitive enhancers: atomoxetine, reboxetine, selegiline and modafinil. Even if still in the preliminary stages, the clinical trials on reboxetine have obtained the highest rate of success. On the other hand, modafinil is the only cognitive enhancer that has been tested for reversing cognitive deficits. Compelling results in a clinical trial make modafinil one of the most exciting projects in this field of research. Atomoxetine and selegiline have mostly failed the clinical stage, but more studies are needed to determine their usefulness. In general, the potential ability to reverse cognitive deficits is not supported by the current literature and more research should be focused in this direction.
2031-01-01
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Valiante, A. Grace (Antonella Grace). « Natural feeding enhances human neonatal memory for spoken words ». Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29484.

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Healthy human newborns fed glucose solution prior to testing exhibit higher levels of blood glucose and are able to remember a spoken word for a longer time than infants who receive water. To determine whether a natural feeding affects newborn auditory memory and whether it is related to blood glucose, memory for spoken words was examined for two groups of newborns---one tested before and the other after---routine breast or formula feedings (pre- vs postprandial), using a partially infant-controlled habituation recovery paradigm. Prior to analyses, the postprandial group was split at the median for blood glucose to define two groups: high and low glucose. The results indicate that infants' memory for words is better after a feed than before a feed. However, better memory following a natural feeding is not related to blood glucose, implying that the ingestion of food may modulate memory by more than one mechanism.
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Lytvynets, M., Y. Koturha, Світлана Василівна Міхно, Свитлана Васильевна Михно et Svitlana Vasylivna Mikhno. « How variability of learning activities enhances students’ cognitive independence ». Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/78070.

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Providing the variability of learning activities activates students’ reflection mechanisms thus forming their cognitive independence. The organization of the learning process according to the individual educational path facilitates the variability of learning activities. Development of individual educational paths based on the use of modern information technologies ensures the variability of the tasks for independent learning activities. The idea of individualizing the educational process is based on the idea of "navigating" the movement in the educational space. All this can be realized through providing the choice and creation of conditions for the implementation of students’ individual educational paths.
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Petrini, Valeria <1984&gt. « Cognitive radio applications for enhanced spectrum efficiency ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5493/1/Petrini_Valeria_tesi.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis is the study of techniques for efficient management and use of the spectrum based on cognitive radio technology. The ability of cognitive radio technologies to adapt to the real-time conditions of its operating environment, offers the potential for more flexible use of the available spectrum. In this context, the international interest is particularly focused on the “white spaces” in the UHF band of digital terrestrial television. Spectrum sensing and geo-location database have been considered in order to obtain information on the electromagnetic environment. Different methodologies have been considered in order to investigate spectral resources potentially available for the white space devices in the TV band. The adopted methodologies are based on the geo-location database approach used either in autonomous operation or in combination with sensing techniques. A novel and computationally efficient methodology for the calculation of the maximum permitted white space device EIRP is then proposed. The methodology is suitable for implementation in TV white space databases. Different Italian scenarios are analyzed in order to identify both the available spectrum and the white space device emission limits. Finally two different applications of cognitive radio technology are considered. The first considered application is the emergency management. The attention is focused on the consideration of both cognitive and autonomic networking approaches when deploying an emergency management system. The cognitive technology is then considered in applications related to satellite systems. In particular a hybrid cognitive satellite-terrestrial is introduced and an analysis of coexistence between terrestrial and satellite networks by considering a cognitive approach is performed.
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Livres sur le sujet "COGNITION ENHANCERS"

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Dror, Itiel E., dir. Technology Enhanced Learning and Cognition. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bct.27.

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Technology enhanced learning and cognition. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2011.

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1958-, Robson Graeme, et Smith Richard 1961-, dir. Sports coaching and learning : Using learning preferences to enhance performance. Christchurch, N.Z : N.D. Fleming, G. Robson & R. Smith, 2005.

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Your exceptional mind : Enhance intelligence, expand understanding. [Bronxville, N.Y.] : Gilchrist Institute Publishers, 2008.

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Epstein, Norman B., et Donald H. Baucom. Enhanced cognitive-behavioral therapy for couples : A contextual approach. Washington : American Psychological Association, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10481-000.

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G, Singer Dorothy, Golinkoff Roberta M et Hirsh-Pasek Kathy, dir. Play=learning : How play motivates and enhances children's cognitive and social-emotional growth. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2006.

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Bad expectations ? : Cognitive and neuropsychological indicators of enhanced risk for alcoholism. [S.l : s.n.], 1998.

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Engineers, Society of Automotive, et Aerospace Technology Conference & Exposition (1992 : Anaheim, Calif.), dir. Enhanced situation awareness technology for retrofit and advanced cockpit design. Warrendale, PA : Society of Automotive Engineers, 1992.

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Liddle, Tara Losquadro. Why motor skills matter : Improve your child's physical development to enhance learning and self-esteem. Chicago : Contemporary Books, 2004.

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Kasia, Szymanska, dir. Understanding CBT : Develop your own toolkit to reduce stress, enhance performance and increase well-being. London : Kogan Page, 2012.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "COGNITION ENHANCERS"

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Kaur, Ramneek, Rashi Rajput, Sachin Kumar, Harleen Kaur, R. Rachana et Manisha Singh. « Cognition Enhancers ». Dans Advances in Neuropharmacology, 447–64. Includes bibliographical references and index. : Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429242717-20.

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Ananthy, Vimala. « Cognition Enhancers, Psychostimulants, and Psychedelic Drugs ». Dans Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 237–46. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6009-9_13.

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Iqbal, Furhan, et Quratul Ane Gillani. « GABAB Receptor Antagonists as Cognition Enhancers ». Dans GABAB Receptor, 377–85. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46044-4_19.

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Altomare, Cosimo, Angelo Carotti, Saverio Cellamare, Pierre-Alain Carrupt et Bernard Testa. « Partitioning behaviour of piracetam-type cognition enhancers ». Dans Trends in QSAR and Molecular Modelling 92, 532–33. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1472-1_145.

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Bohnen, Nicolaas I., et Martijn L. T. M. Müller. « Cognitive Enhancers as a Means to Reduce Falls in Older Adults ». Dans Falls and Cognition in Older Persons, 323–41. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24233-6_19.

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Decker, Michael W., Anthony W. Bannon et Peter Curzon. « Septal Lesions as a Model for Evaluating Potential Cognition Enhancers ». Dans The Behavioral Neuroscience of the Septal Region, 363–79. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1302-4_14.

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Erzigkeit, H. « The SKT — A Short Cognitive Performance Test as an Instrument for the Assessment of Clinical Efficacy of Cognition Enhancers ». Dans Diagnosis and Treatment of Senile Dementia, 164–74. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46658-8_14.

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Noda, M., H. Higashida et N. Akaike. « Inhibition of M-Type K+ currents by Cognition Enhancers in NG108-15 Cells and Rat Cerebral Neurons in Culture ». Dans Slow Synaptic Responses and Modulation, 46–48. Tokyo : Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66973-9_6.

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Gründer, Gerhard. « Cognitive Enhancers ». Dans Handbuch der Psychopharmakotherapie, 773–84. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19844-1_61.

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Deardorff, William James, et George T. Grossberg. « Cognitive Enhancers ». Dans Clinical Psychopharmacology for Neurologists, 151–80. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74604-3_9.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "COGNITION ENHANCERS"

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Hallihan, Gregory M., Hyunmin Cheong et L. H. Shu. « Confirmation and Cognitive Bias in Design Cognition ». Dans ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71258.

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The desire to better understand design cognition has led to the application of literature from psychology to design research, e.g., in learning, analogical reasoning, and problem solving. Psychological research on cognitive heuristics and biases offers another relevant body of knowledge for application. Cognitive biases are inherent biases in human information processing, which can lead to suboptimal reasoning. Cognitive heuristics are unconscious rules utilized to enhance the efficiency of information processing and are possible antecedents of cognitive biases. This paper presents two studies that examined the role of confirmation bias, which is a tendency to seek and interpret evidence in order to confirm existing beliefs. The results of the first study, a protocol analysis involving novice designers engaged in a biomimetic design task, indicate that confirmation bias is present during concept generation and offer additional insights into the influence of confirmation bias in design. The results of the second study, a controlled experiment requiring participants to complete a concept evaluation task, suggest that decision matrices are effective tools to reduce confirmation bias during concept evaluation.
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Shekoyan, Vazgen, Eugenia Etkina, Mel Sabella, Charles Henderson et Chandralekha Singh. « Using cognitive apprenticeship framework and multiple-possibility problems to enhance epistemic cognition ». Dans 2009 PHYSICS EDUCATION RESEARCH CONFERENCE. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3266733.

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Zivic, Natasa, et Christoph Ruland. « Cognition for enhanced biometrie authentication ». Dans 2018 International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoin.2018.8343117.

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Ottakath, Najmath, Somaya Al Maadeed, Jihad Al Jaam et Moutaz Saleh. « Blink Rate vs Inner Self-perceived Cognitive State while using Virtual Reality Applications with Haptic Devices ». Dans Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0168.

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On average, humans blink between eight and 21 times per minute while resting. Eye actions are influenced by external and internal stimuli. This can be utilized to measure internal cognition specifically focus and attention while performing tasks. In this experiment, an individual’s self-perceived focus, attention and interaction level is collected and then correlated with eye blinks rate. The subjects are observed while performing experiments using haptic devices in a virtual environment. The experiment was modulated based on network quality and hardware quality to further quantify the effect of each scenario on subjects’ intrinsic and extrinsic focus indicators. The experiment quantified the blinks and formulated a correlation between subjects’ own perception of the event using statistical analysis. It can be found that there is an acceptable correlation between certain indicators, network quality, fatigue, stress, focus and enjoyability of the experiments. A good quality hardware and network did enhance the experience in all the subjects indicating a need for enhanced services for haptic and immersed mixed reality activities directly affecting the cognition especially in education tools. It can be inferred that eye blink rate can be used as an additional tool for measuring the cognition of individuals experience using haptic and virtual reality tools.
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Back, Jon, Karin Johansson et Joacim Wireband. « Value Driven Design for Playful Technology Enhanced Installations in Public Settings ». Dans C&C '21 : Creativity and Cognition. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3450741.3466778.

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Riggle, Mark S. « Pleasurable music selects for enhanced music memory, hence music emotions : The evolutionary forces laid bare ». Dans Future Directions of Music Cognition. The Ohio State University Libraries, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/fdmc.2021.0022.

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Umbrico, Alessandro, Mikel Anasagasti, Stefan-Octavian Bezrucav, Francesca Canale, Amedeo Cesta, Burkhard Corves, Nils Mandischer, Mikel Mondragon, Cristina Naso Rappis et Andrea Orlandini. « Enhanced Cognition for Adaptive Human-Robot Collaboration ». Dans 2022 IEEE 27th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/etfa52439.2022.9921619.

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Nouaouria, Nabila, Mounir Boukadoum et Robert Proulx. « Position update mechanisms for enhanced particle swarm classification ». Dans 2014 IEEE 13th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics & Cognitive Computing (ICCI*CC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icci-cc.2014.6921440.

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Lee, Soo-Ryeon, Dohyun Kim, Mingyu Lee et SangKeun Lee. « FERNIE-ViL : Facial Expression Enhanced Vision-and-Language Model ». Dans 2021 IEEE 20th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics & Cognitive Computing (ICCI*CC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccicc53683.2021.9811331.

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Nouaouria, Nabila, Mounir Boukadoum et Robert Proulx. « Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm with resuse guided retrieval capabilities ». Dans 2014 IEEE 13th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics & Cognitive Computing (ICCI*CC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icci-cc.2014.6921489.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "COGNITION ENHANCERS"

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Long, Cong, XUke Han, Yunjiao Yang, Tongyi Li, Qian Zhou et Qiu Chen. Efficacy of Intranasal Insulin in Improving Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, août 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0054.

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Review question / Objective: How does the efficacy of Intranasal Insulin in improving Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia. Condition being studied: Insulin regulates many aspects of brain function related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, which can be delivered to the brain center via intranasal (IN) devices. Some small, single-site studies indicated that intranasal insulin can enhance memory in patients with MCI or dementia. The pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease (AD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) overlap, making insulin an attractive therapy for people suffering from MCI or dementia. The goal of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of IN insulin on cognition in patients with MCI or dementia.
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Jak, Amy. Enhanced Cognitive Rehabilitation to Treat Comorbid TBI and PTSD. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, octobre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada610949.

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Jak, Amy. Enhanced Cognitive Rehabilitation to Treat Comorbid TBI and PTSD. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, octobre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada571621.

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Singh, Ruchi, Akhiya Nail et Nirendra Kumar Rai. Effectiveness of Vitamin B12 Supplementation on cognitive, motor & ; mood instability of Parkinson’s disease patients on levodopa treatment :A Systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, février 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.2.0066.

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Review question / Objective: The treatment of choice for patients of Parkinson's disease is levodopa. However, levodopa has been suggested to decrease Vit B12 level in these patients. Thus, the research question for this systematic review is whether vit B 12 supplementation in Parkinson's disease(PD) patients on treatment with levodopa improves vit B12 level effecting the Cognition, Motor functions and Mood instability among them in comparison to PD patients on levodopa treatment who are not supplemented with Vit B12. Condition being studied: Parkinson disease is the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons present within the substantia nigra that can lead to altered movements along with the prevalence of cognitive and mood instability as a result of dopamine(neurotransmitter) deficiency. The most effective treatment for the Parkinson's disease is the administration of levodopa, a dopamine precursor . Long term treatment with levodopa causes an increase in homocysteine levels and tissue deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate may occur. Vitamin B12 supplementation is administered as after management regime, in Parkinson patient on levodopa treatment . This study aims to conduct a systematic review, of studies , randomized control trials investigating the ability of vitamin B12 supplementation to enhances the recovery/reduce the decline, if any, of the symptoms of cognitive, motor, mood impairments associated with Parkinson's disease patient on levodopa treatment.
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Linkov, Igor, George Fenton, F. K. Satterstrom, Ryland Gaskins et Barclay Lewis. Computer-Mediated Training Tools to Enhance Joint Task Force Cognitive Leadership Skills. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, avril 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada465397.

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Bostian, Charles W., et Alexander R. Young. Low-cost Cognitive Electronics Technology for Enhanced Communications and Situational Awareness for Networks of Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mars 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada582601.

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Petrovych, Olha B., Alla P. Vinnichuk, Viktor P. Krupka, Iryna A. Zelenenka et Andrei V. Voznyak. The usage of augmented reality technologies in professional training of future teachers of Ukrainian language and literature. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, juillet 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4635.

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The article deals with the peculiarities of creation and practical application of augmented reality (AR) technologies for the organization of students-philologists’ individual and group work in studying the discipline “Methodic of teaching literature”. The relevance of the introduction of AR technologies for the future teachers-philologists’ readiness formation to the professional activity is substantiated. Analysis of the scientific sources suggested that the professional training process requires the modernization of teaching methods, and the usage of information and communication technologies (ICT) in education, in particular AR technologies, allows to make the learning process interesting and exciting. The domestic and foreign experience of AR technologies application into current educational practices is generalized. A step-by-step algorithm for creating the AR in the mobile application Unite and its subsequent content filling for professional training of future teachers of Ukrainian language and literature is described. The visualization of the educational content of the lepbook “Incredible Lesya Ukrainka”, made by students- philologists at the Mykhailo Stelmakh Faculty of Philology and Journalism of Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University during the studying the discipline “Methodic of teaching literature”, is detailed. It is specified that the educational process is based on the creation AR with the visualization of interactive learning materials with animation, instructions, links, video content, illustrations etc. according to the rubrics of the lepbook. It is emphasized that the implementation of AR technologies provides the increasing of motivation for systematic mastering of practical skills, enhances students’ concentration and attention, increases their cognitive experience, promotes the development of their creative abilities, produces the opportunities of using the visualized content for students’ research work, stimulates them to self-expression, motivates them to self-development, trains them to the skillful use of the Internet, modern gadgets and mobile applications, etc. Prospects for studying the possibilities of using AR technologies in lessons of Ukrainian literature at secondary school are determined.
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Iatsyshyn, Anna V., Valeriia O. Kovach, Volodymyr O. Lyubchak, Yurii O. Zuban, Andriy G. Piven, Oleksandra M. Sokolyuk, Andrii V. Iatsyshyn, Oleksandr O. Popov, Volodymyr O. Artemchuk et Mariya P. Shyshkina. Application of augmented reality technologies for education projects preparation. [б. в.], juillet 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3856.

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After analysis of scientific literature, we defined that concept of “augmented reality” has following synonyms: “advanced reality”, “improved reality”, “enriched reality”, “mixed reality” and “hybrid reality”. Analysis of scientific literature and own practical experience of the use of augmented reality technologies application in educational practices allowed to state next: augmented reality technologies have a great potential for application in education; there are some cases of augmented reality use for school education; positive aspects of augmented reality technologies application in higher education institutions are confirmed by experiments (isolated cases); only few universities in Ukraine apply augmented reality technologies to educate students; only few universities in Ukraine have special subjects or modules in schedule to teach students to develop augmented reality technologies; various scientific events, mass events, competitions are held in Ukraine, and specialized training on the augmentation of augmented reality technologies is carried out, but this is non-systematic and does not have special state orientation and support. Features of introduction of virtual and augmented reality technologies at Sumy State University (Ukraine) are identified: “e-learning ecosystems” was created; in 2019, augmented and virtual reality research laboratory was established. Advantages and disadvantages of project activity in education are described: project activity is one of the most important components of educational process; it promotes creative self-development and self-realization of project implementers and forms various life competencies. It is determined that augmented reality application for implementation of educational projects will help: to increase students’ interest for educational material; formation of new competences; increase of students’ motivation for independent educational and cognitive activity; activation of educational activities; formation of positive motivation for personal and professional growth; conditions creation for development of personal qualities (creativity, teamwork, etc.). Current trends in implementation of educational projects were identified: most of the winner projects were implemented using augmented reality technology; augmented reality technologies were used in projects to teach different disciplines in higher education institutions. Augmented reality technology application for project activity has positive impact on learning outcomes and competitiveness of the national workforce; it will enhance the country’s position in the global economic space.
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Newman-Toker, David E., Susan M. Peterson, Shervin Badihian, Ahmed Hassoon, Najlla Nassery, Donna Parizadeh, Lisa M. Wilson et al. Diagnostic Errors in the Emergency Department : A Systematic Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), décembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer258.

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Objectives. Diagnostic errors are a known patient safety concern across all clinical settings, including the emergency department (ED). We conducted a systematic review to determine the most frequent diseases and clinical presentations associated with diagnostic errors (and resulting harms) in the ED, measure error and harm frequency, as well as assess causal factors. Methods. We searched PubMed®, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL®), and Embase® from January 2000 through September 2021. We included research studies and targeted grey literature reporting diagnostic errors or misdiagnosis-related harms in EDs in the United States or other developed countries with ED care deemed comparable by a technical expert panel. We applied standard definitions for diagnostic errors, misdiagnosis-related harms (adverse events), and serious harms (permanent disability or death). Preventability was determined by original study authors or differences in harms across groups. Two reviewers independently screened search results for eligibility; serially extracted data regarding common diseases, error/harm rates, and causes/risk factors; and independently assessed risk of bias of included studies. We synthesized results for each question and extrapolated U.S. estimates. We present 95 percent confidence intervals (CIs) or plausible range (PR) bounds, as appropriate. Results. We identified 19,127 citations and included 279 studies. The top 15 clinical conditions associated with serious misdiagnosis-related harms (accounting for 68% [95% CI 66 to 71] of serious harms) were (1) stroke, (2) myocardial infarction, (3) aortic aneurysm and dissection, (4) spinal cord compression and injury, (5) venous thromboembolism, (6/7 – tie) meningitis and encephalitis, (6/7 – tie) sepsis, (8) lung cancer, (9) traumatic brain injury and traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, (10) arterial thromboembolism, (11) spinal and intracranial abscess, (12) cardiac arrhythmia, (13) pneumonia, (14) gastrointestinal perforation and rupture, and (15) intestinal obstruction. Average disease-specific error rates ranged from 1.5 percent (myocardial infarction) to 56 percent (spinal abscess), with additional variation by clinical presentation (e.g., missed stroke average 17%, but 4% for weakness and 40% for dizziness/vertigo). There was also wide, superimposed variation by hospital (e.g., missed myocardial infarction 0% to 29% across hospitals within a single study). An estimated 5.7 percent (95% CI 4.4 to 7.1) of all ED visits had at least one diagnostic error. Estimated preventable adverse event rates were as follows: any harm severity (2.0%, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.6), any serious harms (0.3%, PR 0.1 to 0.7), and deaths (0.2%, PR 0.1 to 0.4). While most disease-specific error rates derived from mainly U.S.-based studies, overall error and harm rates were derived from three prospective studies conducted outside the United States (in Canada, Spain, and Switzerland, with combined n=1,758). If overall rates are generalizable to all U.S. ED visits (130 million, 95% CI 116 to 144), this would translate to 7.4 million (PR 5.1 to 10.2) ED diagnostic errors annually; 2.6 million (PR 1.1 to 5.2) diagnostic adverse events with preventable harms; and 371,000 (PR 142,000 to 909,000) serious misdiagnosis-related harms, including more than 100,000 permanent, high-severity disabilities and 250,000 deaths. Although errors were often multifactorial, 89 percent (95% CI 88 to 90) of diagnostic error malpractice claims involved failures of clinical decision-making or judgment, regardless of the underlying disease present. Key process failures were errors in diagnostic assessment, test ordering, and test interpretation. Most often these were attributed to inadequate knowledge, skills, or reasoning, particularly in “atypical” or otherwise subtle case presentations. Limitations included use of malpractice claims and incident reports for distribution of diseases leading to serious harms, reliance on a small number of non-U.S. studies for overall (disease-agnostic) diagnostic error and harm rates, and methodologic variability across studies in measuring disease-specific rates, determining preventability, and assessing causal factors. Conclusions. Although estimated ED error rates are low (and comparable to those found in other clinical settings), the number of patients potentially impacted is large. Not all diagnostic errors or harms are preventable, but wide variability in diagnostic error rates across diseases, symptoms, and hospitals suggests improvement is possible. With 130 million U.S. ED visits, estimated rates for diagnostic error (5.7%), misdiagnosis-related harms (2.0%), and serious misdiagnosis-related harms (0.3%) could translate to more than 7 million errors, 2.5 million harms, and 350,000 patients suffering potentially preventable permanent disability or death. Over two-thirds of serious harms are attributable to just 15 diseases and linked to cognitive errors, particularly in cases with “atypical” manifestations. Scalable solutions to enhance bedside diagnostic processes are needed, and these should target the most commonly misdiagnosed clinical presentations of key diseases causing serious harms. New studies should confirm overall rates are representative of current U.S.-based ED practice and focus on identified evidence gaps (errors among common diseases with lower-severity harms, pediatric ED errors and harms, dynamic systems factors such as overcrowding, and false positives). Policy changes to consider based on this review include: (1) standardizing measurement and research results reporting to maximize comparability of measures of diagnostic error and misdiagnosis-related harms; (2) creating a National Diagnostic Performance Dashboard to track performance; and (3) using multiple policy levers (e.g., research funding, public accountability, payment reforms) to facilitate the rapid development and deployment of solutions to address this critically important patient safety concern.
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Stall, Nathan M., Kevin A. Brown, Antonina Maltsev, Aaron Jones, Andrew P. Costa, Vanessa Allen, Adalsteinn D. Brown et al. COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, janvier 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.07.1.0.

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Key Message Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Third, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by approaches that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Summary Background The Province of Ontario has 626 licensed LTC homes and 77,257 long-stay beds; 58% of homes are privately owned, 24% are non-profit/charitable, 16% are municipal. LTC homes were strongly affected during Ontario’s first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Questions What do we know about the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Ontario LTC homes? Which risk factors are associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in Ontario LTC homes and the extent and death rates associated with outbreaks? What has been the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the general health and wellbeing of LTC residents? How has the existing Ontario evidence on COVID-19 in LTC settings been used to support public health interventions and policy changes in these settings? What are the further measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes? Findings As of January 14, 2021, a total of 3,211 Ontario LTC home residents have died of COVID-19, totaling 60.7% of all 5,289 COVID-19 deaths in Ontario to date. There have now been more cumulative LTC home outbreaks during the second wave as compared with the first wave. The infection and death rates among LTC residents have been lower during the second wave, as compared with the first wave, and a greater number of LTC outbreaks have involved only staff infections. The growth rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC residents was slower during the first two months of the second wave in September and October 2020, as compared with the first wave. However, the growth rate after the two-month mark is comparatively faster during the second wave. The majority of second wave infections and deaths in LTC homes have occurred between December 1, 2020, and January 14, 2021 (most recent date of data extraction prior to publication). This highlights the recent intensification of the COVID-19 pandemic in LTC homes that has mirrored the recent increase in community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across Ontario. Evidence from Ontario demonstrates that the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and subsequent deaths in LTC are distinct from the risk factors for outbreaks and deaths in the community (Figure 1). The most important risk factors for whether a LTC home will experience an outbreak is the daily incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the communities surrounding the home and the occurrence of staff infections. The most important risk factors for the magnitude of an outbreak and the number of resulting resident deaths are older design, chain ownership, and crowding. Figure 1. Anatomy of Outbreaks and Spread of COVID-19 in LTC Homes and Among Residents Figure from Peter Hamilton, personal communication. Many Ontario LTC home residents have experienced severe and potentially irreversible physical, cognitive, psychological, and functional declines as a result of precautionary public health interventions imposed on homes, such as limiting access to general visitors and essential caregivers, resident absences, and group activities. There has also been an increase in the prescribing of psychoactive drugs to Ontario LTC residents. The accumulating evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been leveraged in several ways to support public health interventions and policy during the pandemic. Ontario evidence showed that SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC staff was associated with subsequent COVID-19 deaths among LTC residents, which motivated a public order to restrict LTC staff from working in more than one LTC home in the first wave. Emerging Ontario evidence on risk factors for LTC home outbreaks and deaths has been incorporated into provincial pandemic surveillance tools. Public health directives now attempt to limit crowding in LTC homes by restricting occupancy to two residents per room. The LTC visitor policy was also revised to designate a maximum of two essential caregivers who can visit residents without time limits, including when a home is experiencing an outbreak. Several further measures could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by measures that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Third, LTC homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Other important issues include improved prevention and detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in LTC staff, enhanced infection prevention and control (IPAC) capacity within the LTC homes, a more balanced and nuanced approach to public health measures and IPAC strategies in LTC homes, strategies to promote vaccine acceptance amongst residents and staff, and further improving data collection on LTC homes, residents, staff, visitors and essential caregivers for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interpretation Comparisons of the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the LTC setting reveal improvement in some but not all epidemiological indicators. Despite this, the second wave is now intensifying within LTC homes and without action we will likely experience a substantial additional loss of life before the widespread administration and time-dependent maximal effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. The predictors of outbreaks, the spread of infection, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes are well documented and have remained unchanged between the first and the second wave. Some of the evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been effectively leveraged to support public health interventions and policies. Several further measures, if implemented, have the potential to prevent additional LTC home COVID-19 outbreaks and deaths.
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