Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Coastal degradation/restoration »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Coastal degradation/restoration"
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Blair, Susanna, Carrie Adams, Tom Ankersen, Maia McGuire et David Kaplan. « Ecosystem Services Valuation for Estuarine and Coastal Restoration in Florida ». EDIS 2015, no 1 (3 février 2015) : 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-sg134-2015.
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Throughout Florida’s history, humans have altered the coastlines, leading to large-scale degradation of coastal ecosystems. This has led to the loss of associated ecosystem services, including products such as food and timber, and processes like coastal protection and disease control. Unfortunately, ecosystem restoration efforts have not always been a priority for coastal management. This 10-page literature review surveys the available ecosystem-service valuation literature for five of Florida’s coastal natural communities—oyster reefs, beach dunes, mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and salt marshes—to facilitate the quantification of ecosystem services to provide a better measure of the full impact of restoration efforts. Written by Susanna Blair, Carrie Adams, Tom Ankersen, Maia McGuire, and David Kaplan, and published by the UF Department of Sea Grant, January 2015. (UF/IFAS photo by Tyler Jones) TP-204/SG134: Ecosystem Services Valuation for Estuarine and Coastal Restoration in Florida (ufl.edu)
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Fischman, Hallie S., Sinead M. Crotty et Christine Angelini. « Optimizing coastal restoration with the stress gradient hypothesis ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 286, no 1917 (18 décembre 2019) : 20191978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1978.
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Restoration efforts have been escalating worldwide in response to widespread habitat degradation. However, coastal restoration attempts notoriously vary in their ability to establish resilient, high-functioning ecosystems. Conventional restoration attempts disperse transplants in competition-minimizing arrays, yet recent studies suggest that clumping transplants to maximize facilitative interactions may improve restoration success. Here, we modify the stress gradient hypothesis to generate predictions about where each restoration design will perform best across environmental stress gradients. We then test this conceptual model with field experiments manipulating transplant density and configuration across dune elevations and latitudes. In hurricane-damaged Georgia (USA) dunes, grass transplanted in competition-minimizing (low-density, dispersed) arrays exhibited the highest growth, resilience to disturbance and dune formation in low-stress conditions. In contrast, transplants survived best in facilitation-maximizing (high-density, clumped) arrays in high-stress conditions, but these benefits did not translate to higher transplant growth or resilience. In a parallel experiment in Massachusetts where dune grasses experience frequent saltwater inundation, fewer transplants survived, suggesting that there are thresholds above which intraspecific facilitation cannot overcome local stressors. These results suggest that ecological theory can be used to guide restoration strategies based on local stress regimes, maximizing potential restoration success and return-on-investment of future efforts.
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Ahani, Hamid. « Ecological Restoration of Pinus Pinaster Woodlands, After Degradation with Focusing on Rehabilitation of Target Habitats ». Cell & ; Cellular Life Sciences Journal 8, no 2 (2023) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/cclsj-16000183.
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Ecological restoration plays a vital role in preserving and rehabilitating degraded habitats, especially those populated by endemic species. This abstract focuses on the restoration efforts of Pinus pinaster and other endemic species found in woodlands that have suffered degradation. The primary aim of this restoration project is to rehabilitate target habitats and promote the recovery of these native species in Portugal. The identification of key factors that have contributed to the degradation is crucial in developing effective restoration plans. Additionally, understanding the ecological requirements and preferences of the target species is essential to ensure successful rehabilitation. Ecological restoration of Pinus pinaster woodlands/forests, after degradation such as posed by recurrent fires and invasive species, Focusing on rehabilitation of target habitats, such as water lines and other key elements of the landscape (we have important areas of Pinus pinaster in the secondary coastal dunes) Using native species of the selected sites, that may be present in the vegetation or in the soil seed bank- Testing and evaluating the best propagation techniques for each species, vegetative cuttings, seeds germination, in situ or ex situ propagation, Evaluating the added value of the restoration actions in terms of 1) increasing or protecting ecosystem services, 2) increasing or protecting rare or potentially endangered plant species, etc. In conclusion, the ecological restoration of Pinus pinaster and other endemic species in degraded woodlands requires a multidimensional approach that addresses key factors contributing to habitat degradation. By focusing on the rehabilitation of target habitats, these restoration efforts contribute to the conservation and preservation of these important ecosystems, ultimately benefiting both the endemic species and the surrounding communities.
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Khalil, Syed, et Richard Raynie. « CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION OF A SINKING DELTA PLAIN ». Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no 36 (30 décembre 2018) : 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.risk.26.
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Coastal erosion is a major global problem and is most acutely felt along developed coastal areas where coastal communities and infrastructures are threatened by storm surge flooding. This situation gets compounded to a bigger challenge around most of delta plains which are rapidly subsiding. The degree and magnitude of challenges associated with erosion and submergence along muddy deltaic coasts is intricately related to population density. It is estimated that about 500 million people in the world live on river deltas (Syvitski et al., 2009). Coastal populations and their associated industries/economies (oil & gas, fisheries, port and commerce etc.) are thus threatened by rapid degradation of the deltaic landscapes. This situation is further complicated by sea level rise and high-energy events such as hurricanes (cyclones, typhoons).
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Berkowitz, Jacob. « Marsh Restoration Using Thin Layer Sediment Addition : Initial Soil Evaluation ». Wetland Science & ; Practice 34, no 1 (mars 2017) : 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1672/ucrt083-265.
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Many coastal wetlands display degradation attributable to various factors including land development, erosion, salinization, and a lack of sediment inputs. Additionally, conditions may worsen as impacts associated with sea level rise as well as increases in storm frequency and intensity exacerbate marsh stressors
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Harefa, Meilinda Suriani, Adeline Adeline, Feby Cyntia Silalahi et Michael Austin Lambue Panjaitan. « Restorasi dan Revitalisasi Pasca Degradasi Ekosistem Mangrove di Paluh Merbau Kabupaten Deli Serdang ». GEOGRAPHIA : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Penelitian Geografi 4, no 1 (30 juin 2023) : 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53682/gjppg.v4i1.5477.
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This study aims to determine restoration and revitalization efforts after the degradation of mangrove ecosystems in Paluh Merbau. The observation method is direct observation of the mangrove area. The results show that the mangrove ecosystem is fragile and sensitive to change. Mangrove forest degradation in Paluh Merbau has been very severe; much mangrove vegetation has fallen due to being unable to withstand abrasion and sedimentation in coastal waters and continues to experience area shrinkage. Restoration and revitalization of the Paluh Merbau mangrove ecosystem were carried out by naming Rhizapora apiculata, Rhizapora stylosa, and Avicennia marina.
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Morris, Rebecca L., Robin Hale, Elisabeth M. A. Strain, Simon E. Reeves, Adriana Vergés, Ezequiel M. Marzinelli, Cayne Layton et al. « Key Principles for Managing Recovery of Kelp Forests through Restoration ». BioScience 70, no 8 (8 juillet 2020) : 688–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaa058.
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Abstract There is increasing interest in mitigating the loss of kelp forests through restoration, but this has received scant attention relative to other coastal habitats. We evaluate current knowledge centered on key restoration principles to provide guidelines for best practice in kelp restoration. The cause and scale of degradation is fundamental in determining if kelp can be restored and the methods required to promote reestablishment. Removal of stressors may be adequate to achieve restoration goals where degradation is not too widespread or acute. Extensive losses of kelp forests will often require active reseeding of areas because of the low dispersal ability of many kelp species. Restoration efforts have generally taken a trial-and-error approach at experimental scales to develop techniques for establishing individuals. Furthermore, studies that inform cost–benefit analysis and the appropriate spatial scales for restoration of sustainable kelp forests are urgently needed for prioritizing and scaling up restoration efforts globally.
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Cui, Linlin, Guosheng Li, Ninglei Ouyang, Fengyun Mu, Fu Yan, Youtian Zhang et Xiaoyang Huang. « Analyzing Coastal Wetland Degradation and its Key Restoration Technologies in the Coastal Area of Jiangsu, China ». Wetlands 38, no 3 (4 février 2018) : 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-0997-6.
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Meng, Wei Qing, Bei Bei Hu et Zhong Liang Wang. « Coastal Wetland Degradation and its Restoration Planning Incorporating Landscape and Ecological Processes in Tianjin, Northern China ». Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (juin 2014) : 4123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.4123.
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Coastal wetlands are the main natural ecosystem type and provide important ecosystem services. During the past thirty years, wetlands had experienced increasing pressures from occupation and degradation with coastal economic activities in Tianjin. A large amount of natural wetland had been changed into artificial wetland, and rivers had been seriously polluted. Using remote-sensing images, the recent history of the dynamics for the shoreline changes and reclamation were described. The area of reclamation land increased from 52.32 km2 in 2004 to 312.78 km2 in 2010. Following the investigation, 232 species wetland plants were found and they are belongs to 46 families and 135 genera. The community is mainly composed of herbs, and no big trees were founded as high salt content in soil and groundwater. The coastal wetland vegetation succession rules were summarized based on investigation and a wetland protection and restoration program was put forward based on the vegetation succession sequence and the landscape context. The planning includ two wetland protection sites, two wetland restoration sites, one wetland park and one wetland education site to reconstruct the ecological integrity in Tianjin coastal region.
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Jiang, Ting-ting, Jin-fen Pan, Xin-Ming Pu, Bo Wang et Jing-Jin Pan. « Current status of coastal wetlands in China : Degradation, restoration, and future management ». Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 164 (octobre 2015) : 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2015.07.046.
Texte intégralThèses sur le sujet "Coastal degradation/restoration"
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Champagnat, Juliette. « Modéliser l’impact des pressions anthropiques au niveau des habitats halieutiques sur la dynamique des populations de poissons marins exploités ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NSARH118.
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Les nourriceries et frayères sont des zones fonctionnelles halieutiques d’importance (ZFHI) qui abritent des phases clés du cycle de vie des poissons marins. Ces ZFHI subissent de multiples pressions anthropiques dont l’impact sur la dynamique des populations est rarement quantifié. Cette thèse vise à combler ces lacunes par une approche de modélisation de dynamique de population structurée en âge et en stades, où les phases critiques du cycle de vie sur les ZFHI sont explicitement représentées. Dans une première partie, le cas d’étude précis de la sole commune en Manche Est est examiné par une approche statistique hiérarchique bayésienne. Dans une deuxième phase, un modèle de population générique est développé pour représenter des populations de poissons aux histoires de viecontrastées. Le modèle intègre une relation stockrecrutement paramétrée en fonction de la qualité et de la quantité des habitats juvéniles. Cette approche est d’abord utilisée pour mettre en évidence l’impact de scénarios de dégradation/restauration de surface et de qualité des nourriceries sur la dynamique des populations, et la sensibilité des réponses aux variations interspécifiques des paramètres démographiques. Puis, il est appliqué pour évaluer le bénéfice de la restauration des nourriceries estuariennes pour quatre espèces commerciales de Manche Est. Finalement le modèle est étendu pour intégrer l’impact de pressions anthropiques au niveau des frayères. Les hypothèses et limites des approches sont discutées, tout comme les perspectives d’utilisation du cadre générique et son intérêt en appui à la gestionSpawning and juvenile habitats are Critical Essential Fish Habitats (CEFH) that support key phases of the life cycle, when fish aggregate on restricted areas. These CEFH face numerous anthropogenic pressures that impact fish locally. Yet, these impacts are poorly quantified at population scale. This PhD aims to fill this knowledge gap using ageand stage-structured modelling approaches, with explicit representation of the critical life stages on CEFH. A first approach aims to assess the impact of Seine estuary restoration for the common sole in the Eastern English Channel. It uses a hierarchical Bayesian modelling framework integrating a great amount of data and expertise to perform simulations of juvenile habitat restoration. The second one develops a generic mechanistic model to represent marine fish population with contrastedfish population with contrasted life histories. It integrates a comprehensive steepness-based parameterization of the stock-recruitment relationship that directly depends upon juvenile habitat quality and surface area. This model is used to explore population response to juvenile habitat degradation/restoration and its sensitivity to interspecific variability in demographic rates. Then the approach is applied to assess the potential impact of restoring estuarine nursery grounds for four species of main fisheries interest in the Eastern English Channel. Finally, the model is extended to integrate anthropogenic pressures affecting spawning grounds. The main hypothesis and limits of the approaches are discussed; this outlined the large venues of the generic model, for both further scientific investigation and help for management
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Coastal degradation/restoration"
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Hodson de Jaramillo, Elizabeth, Urs Niggli, Kaoru Kitajima, Rattan Lal et Claudia Sadoff. « Boost Nature-Positive Production ». Dans Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation, 319–40. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_17.
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AbstractThe overall goal of nature-positive production is to reconcile the need for the production system to meet the demands resulting from growing populations and rising prosperity with the necessity of restoring the environment, improving the quality of soil, conserving biodiversity, and sustainably managing land, water and other natural resources. The strategy is to protect, manage and restore ecosystems: to “produce more from less” and set aside some land and water for nature. In this context, action at the landscape scale is key, extending beyond individual production fields to the watershed, the entire river basin, and the coastal area influenced by the change of land use and river discharges (IPCC Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems [PR Shukla, J Skea, E Calvo Buendia, V Masson-Delmotte, H-O Pörtner, DC Roberts, P Zhai, R Slade, S Connors, R van Diemen, M Ferrat, E Haughey, S Luz, S Neogi, M Pathak, J Petzold, J Portugal Pereira, P Vyas, E Huntley, K Kissick, M Belkacemi, J Malley (eds)], 2019). Nature-positive landscape-level interventions include system-based conservation agriculture, agroforestry, river basin management, bio-inputs, integrated soil fertility management, soil and water conservation and nutrient recycling. In particular, maintaining trees in landscapes, avoiding deforestation and promoting landscape restoration are critically important for preventing soil erosion, regulating water resources, and protecting environmental services essential for sustaining production at multiple scales, from the regional to the global. Such nature-positive approaches are best based on bottom-up and territorial processes, strengthened by scientific innovations and enabling policy environments. Translating science into transformative action also requires system-level governance and policy interventions that enable and provide incentives for farmers and land managers to adopt nature-positive practices. Greater public and private sector investment in research and innovation is needed if we are to develop solutions and adequately scale the adoption of nature-positive production systems. Furthermore, a realignment towards nature-positive food systems requires awareness and empowerment on the part of producers and consumers. These concepts must be introduced to farmers through robust extension programs, with special attention paid to woman farmers. They must be taught in schools and broadcast to consumers. Ultimately, the aim should be to foster a five-way dialogue among academic institutions, farmer and citizen groups, industry and policymakers to translate scientific knowledge into viable action.
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Lavides, M. N. « Coastal Land Degradation and Restoration Strategies in the Philippines ». Dans The Restoration and Management of Derelict Land, 243–53. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812795380_0021.
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« Mitigating Impacts of Natural Hazards on Fishery Ecosystems ». Dans Mitigating Impacts of Natural Hazards on Fishery Ecosystems, sous la direction de Robert R. Twilley, Brady R. Couvillion, Imtiaz Hossain, Carola Kaiser, Alaina B. Owens, Gregory D. Steyer et Jenneke M. Visser. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874011.ch3.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—The development of ecosystem management plans to restore and rehabilitate natural resources requires an understanding of how specific ecological mechanisms regulate the structure and function of ecosystems. To achieve restoration goals, comprehensive plans and engineering designs must effectively change environmental drivers at the regional level to reduce stress conditions at the local environment that are responsible for ecosystem degradation. This document focuses on the Coastal Louisiana Ecosystem Assessment and Restoration (CLEAR) ecosystem forecasting framework and how it can be used to support the analysis of Louisiana’s coastal restoration plans. Specifically, the framework is designed to (1) develop and incorporate conceptual ecological models that can be used to integrate ecological needs and opportunities with engineering designs, (2) utilize wetland loss rates to describe the most likely “future without” scenario for a variety of ecosystem attributes, (3) estimate broad ecosystem responses to restoration alternatives based on processes associated with succession of geomorphic and ecological systems, and (4) calculate ecological benefits for incorporation into decision support tools associated with large-scale geomorphic and hydrologic processes. This paper provides a brief overview of the spatial framework and modular design of the CLEAR ecosystem forecasting framework and describes in greater detail the evolution of the landscape change module, concepts for its refinement, and how it was utilized in evaluating a coastal restoration alternative proposed in the Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority Preliminary Draft Master Plan. Such projections by the CLEAR forecasting framework can evaluate processes and conditions that result in sustainable coastal ecosystems with habitat functions that support higher trophic levels.
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Chaijaroen, Pasita. « Coral Reef Deterioration and Livelihoods of Coastal Communities : An Economics Perspective ». Dans Corals - Habitat Formers From the Shallow to the Deep [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105355.
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This chapter focuses on how coral reef deterioration impacts the well-being of the affected coastal communities. In a macro-level perspective, the chapter discusses 1) how coral reefs socioeconomically benefit humans and 2) how coral reef deterioration impacts humans. This part of the discussion sheds light on several adverse effects of coral reef degradation ranging from reductions in food availability and income to losses of jobs and built capital. In a micro-level perspective, the socioeconomic impact of coral reef degradation on vulnerable coastal communities is illustrated through a case study of the 1998 coral bleaching in Indonesia. The households affected by this bleaching event experienced a large income shock, which translated into reduced protein consumption and impeded child development. The chapter then concludes with two broad policy recommendations drawn from both the macro- and micro-level discussions. First, reef conservation and restoration are economically viable investments due to the immense socioeconomic values of coral reefs. Second, policy interventions are required to mitigate impacts of coral reef degradation on the vulnerable groups and to facilitate the adaptation process.
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Shiva Shankar, V., Neelam Purti, Ravi Pratap Singh et Faiyaz A. Khudsar. « Secondary Ecological Succession of Mangrove in the 2004 Tsunami Created Wetlands of South Andaman, India ». Dans Mangrove Ecosystem Restoration [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94113.
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Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI’s) being situated in the Tropical zone is the cradle of multi-disasters viz., cyclones, floods, droughts, land degradation, runoff, soil erosion, shallow landslides, epidemics, earthquakes, volcanism, tsunami and storm surges. Mangroves are one of the first visible reciprocators above land and sea surface to cyclonic storms, storm surges, and tsunamis among the coastal wetlands. The Indian Ocean 2004 tsunami was denoted as one of the most catastrophic ever recorded in humankind’s recent history. A mega-earthquake of Magnitude (9.3) near Indonesia ruptured the Andaman-Sunda plate triggered this tsunami. Physical fury, subsidence, upliftment, and prolonged water logging resulted in the massive loss of mangrove vegetation. A decade and half years after the 2004 tsunami, a study was initiated to assess the secondary ecological succession of mangrove in Tsunami Created Wetlands (TCWs) of south Andaman using Landsat satellite data products. Since natural ecological succession is a rather slow process and demands isotope techniques to establish a sequence of events succession. However, secondary ecological succession occurs in a short frame of time after any catastrophic event like a tsunami exemplifying nature’s resilience. Band-5 (before tsunami, 2003) and Band-6 (after tsunami, 2018) of Landsat 7 and Landsat-8 satellite respectively were harnessed to delineate mangrove patches and TCWs in the focus area using ArcMap 10.5, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. From the study, it was understood that Fimbrisstylis littoralis is the pioneering key-stone plant followed by Acrostichum aureum and Acanthus ilicifolius facilitating Avicennia spp/Rhizopara spp for ecological succession in the TCWs.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Coastal degradation/restoration"
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Menouer, Ouassila. « Le projet de restauration de Bordj Istanbul, à Alger ». Dans FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia : Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11386.
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Restoration of the Bordj Istanbul fort in Algiers Throughout history, Algerian coastal towns have been subject to various threats by sea, which has resulted in different types of fortification works. Their variety depended on their period of construction, the materials used and the genius of the place. In Algiers, these structures of fortifications vary between fortified castle, ramparts, watchtowers, etc. However, this historical legacy is, day after day, threatened with disappearance for lack of support. The Bordj Istanbul, or Turkish fort, is one of the most important, in Algiers. Before the launch of its restoration, the monument was in a state of advanced degradation caused by abandonment, vandalism and the aggression of the sea. In 2012, the operation was started by sorting the dislocated stone blocks of the building and consolidating its structure. The project has been reflected in a scientific approach that pays particular attention to the aesthetic integrity of the monument. The absence of archival documents has been surpassed by using comparative readings of the same type of forts and the stratigraphic study of the monument. His defensive function being over, it was necessary to think about his conversion. The character of the place, the architectural aspect of the building and some alterations of its material has aroused the idea of the development of the monument in a gastronomic restaurant by the sea within a private beach. Today, works have been closed and the opening of the restaurant is planned for the next summer season.
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Gattuso, Caterina, Anna M. Palermo, Irene Barba Castagnaro et Francesca M. Ruberto. « Conoscenza e analisi dei materiali per la conservazione del castello di Maida in Calabria (Italia) ». Dans FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia : Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11437.
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Knowledge and material analysis for conservation actions related to the Maida castle in Calabria (Italy)The Maida castle is located in a hill site in historical center of the Maida City, facing two sea gulfs: Squillace gulf on the east side and Sant’Eufemia gulf on the west side. The position is strategic moreover because the castle is located in the center of Calabria between the Tyrrhenian and the Ionian Seas. Hidden in an inner area, the castle was erected on a rock which has a wide perspective view, giving the ability to control a stretch of territory between the two coasts and allowing to make an easier defense. Although today the fortress appears mainly as a ruin, it is still possible to distinguish one of the quadrangular towers as used as district prison, some inaccessible underground spaces and part of the walls. The state of degradation is evident, caused by the time action and, unfortunately, by inadequate maintenance activity. Most of the external surfaces have evident signs of deterioration, caused by bad weather conditions, but above all by weed vegetation. To better understand the role of the factors as biological aggression, a study has been carried out focusing on most common and widespread biological degradation present on the external surfaces of the castle. Samples of biological materials were taken and examined in the laboratory in order to acquire useful information about the state of the monument. This knowledge is necessary because it provides a first picture of the main causes of degradation of the castle and useful information for developing more aware and respectful restorations of its identity.