Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Cleaning, protection, historical documents »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Cleaning, protection, historical documents"
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Xu (徐暢), Chang. « A Review of the Hot Topics in 20 Years of Collating and Researching the Documents from the Three Kingdoms State of Wu Excavated at Zoumalou ». Bamboo and Silk 5, no 2 (13 septembre 2022) : 313–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689246-20220025.
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Abstract In 1996, a batch of slips (jian 簡) and tablets (du 牘) from the Three Kingdoms state of Sun Wu was excavated at Zoumalou, Changsha. It is the largest batch of slips and tablets ever discovered in China. As of 2016, the cleaning, protection and study of the Zoumalou materials has been going on for 20 years. Both the publication of the materials and research on their contents have yielded fruitful results. This paper does not seek to comprehensively review all of that work, but rather intends to outline the development of the field of Wu slip studies itself, and the topics that have been hotly debated have changed over time. When the Zoumalou slips were discovered, they had been damaged and mixed up, so the ideal situation would have been to start with reconstructing the documents, and then use relatively complete historical texts to explore relevant historical issues. Due to the long publication process, scholarship first centered on reconstructing the Household Registration and Accounting Documents in the Wu slips, and then on the Wu’s administrative documents as published in the successive official volumes of the slips and boards of official documents. These included a wealth of administrative information that needed to be sorted out. One of the main directions for future research on Wu slips will be using these official documents to study the administrative document system of Sun Wu’s commanderies and counties.
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Parfenov, Vadim, Alexander Galushkin, Tatiana Tkachenko et Vladimir Aseev. « Laser Cleaning as Novel Approach to Preservation of Historical Books and Documents on a Paper Basis ». Quantum Beam Science 6, no 3 (30 juin 2022) : 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/qubs6030023.
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The purpose of this work is the study of laser cleaning of historical paper. The effect of laser exposure of the paper reflectance, fracture resistance and acidity was investigated. The paper surface roughness before and after laser treatment was analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that use of multi-pulse micromachining in combination with high-speed scanning of laser beams provides high safety for paper cleaning. The optimal parameters of laser radiation for effective and safe cleaning are a power density of about 2 × 105 W/cm2 at a wavelength of 1.06 μm, pulse repetition rate is 20 kHz; and a beam scanning speed of 200 mm/s–500 mm/s. The selective laser cleaning method for books and documents was proposed. Selective cleaning is achieved by means of high-precision control of the trajectory of movement of laser beams.
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Nazarova, A., et D. Mishagina. « SCYLINE OF THE HISTORIC CITY CENTER : ON THE ISSUE OF DETERMINING THE VALUE AND PROTECTION (THE SAINT PETERSBURG EXPERIENCE) ». Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 6, no 7 (10 juillet 2021) : 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2021-6-7-51-61.
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The architectural appearance of historical cities is transforming over time. The elements and characteristics of the historical urban environment being preserved for future generations support the ideas about the values of the urban landscape and contribute to the continuous development of its artistic image. The protection of architectural and urban heritage is provided by a set of normative, legal documents and documents of socio-economic and spatial planning. At the present stage of the development of domestic legislation, a new "tool" for the comprehensive protection of the historical environment is being developed and implemented. It is the status of "historical settlement", within the boundaries of which the entire set of valuable elements and parameters of the historical environment is subject of protection. To date, the selection criteria and the mechanism for the protection of elements presenting the subject of protection of a historical settlement have not been developed. The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of the skyline organization of the historic center of St. Petersburg. It includes recommendations for improving the system of regulation of urban planning activities in order to preserve the skyline and composition of historical buildings as components of the subject of protection of historical settlements. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the skyline organization of buildings and impact factors, proposals for the protection of the skyline can be included in the system of requirements for land use and urban planning regulations within the boundaries of zones of protection of cultural heritage properties, as well as within the boundaries of the territory of a historical settlement.
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Ochocińska, K., M. Sawczak, M. Martin, J. Bredal Jorgensen, A. Kamińska et G. Śliwiński. « LIPS spectroscopy for the contamination analysis and laser cleaning diagnostics of historical paper documents ». Radiation Physics and Chemistry 68, no 1-2 (septembre 2003) : 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-806x(03)00289-5.
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Aprosimov, D. A. « MONUMENT PROTECTION ACTIVITY IN YAKUTIA IN 1950–1960 ». Northern Archives and Expeditions 6, no 2 (30 juin 2022) : 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31806/2542-1158-2022-6-2-18-25.
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The article deals with the problems and prerequisites for the formation of monument protection activities on the territory of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, in particular in the city of Yakutsk, in the 50–60s. 20th century The work was mainly prepared on the basis of documents from the personal fund of the doctor of historical sciences, professor, first chairman of the Yakut republican branch of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments G.P. Basharin, stored in the National Archives of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Narrative, historical-comparative, historical-biographical methods were used in the work on this article. The activities for the protection, restoration and installation of monuments in the districts of the republic are described on the basis of a report on the activities of the republican branch of the All-Union Society for 1966–1969, the main results and difficulties in the work of local branches in the districts of the republic are given.
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Li, W. B., G. L. Li et Y. Yang. « RESEARCH OF FUZHOU HISTORICAL BUILDING MANAGEMENT PLATFORM BASED ON DATA WAREHOUSE TECHNOLOGY ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W15 (23 août 2019) : 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w15-671-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In order to solve the problem of "data island" in the management of Fuzhou historical buildings. This paper analyzes historical building management needs and historical building management indicators. Then the data warehouse model of historic buildings is constructed by using dimension modeling method, and a set of data warehouse of Fuzhou historic buildings is designed and established. Finally, a historical building management platform was built on the basis of the historical building data warehouse, which realized the entry, standardization, extraction and cleaning of historical building management data. It provides data support for data mining of historic buildings in order to realize the protection, activation, utilization and standardized management of Fuzhou historic buildings.</p>
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Nakamura, Shigehisa. « TSUNAMI THREAT EVALUATION BY HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS, NUMERICAL MODEL AND STOCHASTIC MODEL ». Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no 20 (29 janvier 1986) : 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v20.194.
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An evaluation of local tsunami threat was studied first refering to the historical documents and the catalogs. Secondly, an example of a numerical model of a finite difference method was discussed in relation to problems for reproducing the past local tsunamis and predicting a forthcoming tsunami. Lastly, a stochastic model was utilized in order to evaluate an exceedance probability of tsunami occurrencein an interested time period at an interesting local area where the concerened information or prediction was in need. The evaluation of a local tsunami threat is useful to get a more effective measure for the tsunami warning system and for protection works.
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Passaretti, Arianna, Luana Cuvillier, Giorgia Sciutto, Elodie Guilminot et Edith Joseph. « Biologically Derived Gels for the Cleaning of Historical and Artistic Metal Heritage ». Applied Sciences 11, no 8 (10 avril 2021) : 3405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083405.
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In the general global rise of attention and research to seek greener attitudes, the field of cultural heritage (CH) makes no exception. In the last decades, an increasing number of sustainable and biologically based solutions have been proposed for the protection and care of artworks. Additionally, the safety of the target artwork and the operator must be kept as core goals. Within this scenario, new products and treatments should be explored and implemented in the common conservation praxes. Therefore, this review addressing metal heritage is aimed to report biologically derived gel formulations already proposed for this specific area as reliable tools for cleaning. Promising bio-gel-based protocols, still to be implemented in metal conservation, are also presented to promote their investigation by stakeholders in metal conservation. After an opening overview on the common practices for cleaning metallic surfaces in CH, the focus will be moved onto the potentialities of gel-alternatives and in particular of ones with a biological origin. In more detail, we displayed water-gels (i.e., hydrogels) and solvent-gels (i.e., organogels) together with particular attention to bio-solvents. The discussion is closed in light of the state-of-the-art and future perspectives.
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Driskill, Samantha Tisdale, Paige LeForce DeFalco, Jill Holbert Lang et Janette Habashi. « Constitutional Analysis : A Proclamation of Children's Right to Protection, Provision, and Participation ». International Journal of Children's Rights 18, no 2 (2010) : 267–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181809x12615514762046.
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AbstractThe study of children's images as delineated in constitutional documents highlights the historical transitions that have occurred within and among countries, as manifested in the Convention of the Rights of the Child. As such, content analysis was administered to examine constitutional and amendment documents of 179 nation-states listed and recognized by the United Nations Development Programme in the Human Developmental Index. This analysis produced quantitative and qualitative data in which it described the ranking of each country and it's postulation toward children's protection, provision and participation as outlined by CRC. The findings provide greater understanding of the nation-state posture towards children as active rights bearers.
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Albano, Michela, Silvia Grassi, Giacomo Fiocco, Claudia Invernizzi, Tommaso Rovetta, Maurizio Licchelli, Raffaella Marotti, Curzio Merlo, Daniela Comelli et Marco Malagodi. « A Preliminary Spectroscopic Approach to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Water- and Silicone-Based Cleaning Methods on Historical Varnished Brass ». Applied Sciences 10, no 11 (8 juin 2020) : 3982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113982.
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Soiling deposition and wrong conservation practices are among the causes of the decay process that can affect the morphological, mechanical, and compositional features of the varnish, the most exposed layer of an artefact. In this perspective, the identification of the best cleaning practices is a priority. During the 18th century, scientific instruments of the highest quality were built, and peculiar varnishes were produced to confer protection and elegance to their metal elements. For this study, based on a historical recipe, we have reproduced a peculiar spirit varnish, enriched with natural resins and colorants, and we have applied on it a synthetic soiling mixture to simulate the aging conditions. We have then performed a non-invasive multi-analytical study to monitor the effectiveness of two water-based and a silicone-based, cleaning methods, namely, water in agarose, Tween 20 (3%) in agarose, and Velvesil™ Plus. The study includes colorimetry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping, coupled with chemometrics. Principal component analysis applied to FTIR spectral data has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool to enhance weak variations in the IR spectra, empowering the interpretation of cleaning effect versus the application time of each cleaning test.
Thèses sur le sujet "Cleaning, protection, historical documents"
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PEIXOTO, CLARISSA FERREIRA. « SURFACE CLEANING OF HISTORICAL PAPER DOCUMENTS USING ND : YAG LASER ». PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=22327@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
A conservação e restauração de obras de arte e objetos de interesse histórico se afirma como ciência que agrega várias áreas do conhecimento. O processo de limpeza superficial se impõe como ponto fundamental e crítico em todas as intervenções, pois, tradicionalmente, envolve processos invasivos e de difícil controle. O método de limpeza a laser se coloca como solução viável, e amplamente difundida em intervenções realizadas em mármores e metais. Estudos demonstram a viabilidade na utilização do laser Nd YAG para a limpeza de papel. O suporte a ser tratado é um papel de pasta mecânica, da década de 30, que foi irradiado com feixe de 532nm. Visando a otimização do modo operacional, os parâmetros tempo de exposição, frequência, energia depositada e distância focal foram alterados. A fim de comparação, foi realizado limpeza aquosa para estabelecer a eficiência dos métodos tradicional e à laser. A análise dos resultados foi baseada na avaliação óptica, utilizando o método CIELab, e através da Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura MEV.
Conservation and restoration of artworks and objects of historical interest is a science that combines several areas of knowledge. The surface cleaning step is an essential and critical process in every conservation procedure, because it involves traditionally invasive processes that are hard to control. The laser cleaning method is a viable solution, and in widespread interventions in marble and metal. Studies demonstrate the viability of the use Nd YAG laser for cleaning paper. The support to be treated is a paper of mechanical pulp, from the 30s, by 532nm laser beam. The evaluated parameters were the operational mode, the exposure time, the energy deposited and the focal length parameters. Classical wet method was used for comparison, aqueous cleaning was performed to establish the efficiency of traditional methods and laser. The paper surface was characterized by visual inspection, CIELab method and scanning electron microscopy SEM. Some conditions did clean the surface with minor damage.
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PIANORSI, MARIA DILETTA. « Synthesis and application of novel materials for cleaning and protection of historical documents ». Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1079131.
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The cleaning of cultural heritage artifacts is a delicate conservation practice that aims to bring the surface to a state that resembles as close to its original status.
However, cleaning is an irreversible treatment and thus requires high control and selectivity to avoid risks for the original materials.
Solvent/water sensitive paper artworks are usually soiled by a wide range of contaminants, such as deposits of pollutants, grime, aged adhesives and waxy coatings, which are confined in the surface layer typically characterized by the co-presence of art media (e.g. inks, dyes and pigments).
In order to avoid the drawbacks of traditional cleaning methods, here organic solvents were confined into chemical organogels specifically developed for the cleaning of paper-based artifacts.
The organogels synthesized and studied during this work are based on poly(methyl methacrylate) network (PMMA), a polymer characterized by
suitable features, i.e. mechanical strength, adhesiveness, optical transparency and low environmental toxicity. Diethyl carbonate (DEC) and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) were used as solubilizing and porogenous agents during the organogels synthesis and also as loaded cleaning fluids for the removal of aged pressure sensitive tapes (PSTs) and waxes from paper-based artifacts.
The physico-chemical and mechanical characterization were carried out on several PMMA formulations in order to investigate the synthesis parameters that affect the final properties of the organogels. Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), gravimetric analysis, Thermogravimetry (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and rheological measurements were performed.
Finally, the best performing organogel formulations were used for the cleaning of contemporary and historical artworks. The PMMA-DEC system was employed for the detachment of PSTs from Federico Fellini’s drawing entitled “Anniversario. 14 Maggio 1957-14 Maggio 1987”. The PMMA-MEK formulation was applied for the removal of wax spots from the printed book entitled “In officio et Missa solemni pro defunctis”, of the mid-19th century. The results of the cleaning treatments were checked through optical microscopy and ATR-FTIR analysis.
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Kafková, Ivana. « Průzkum fondů starých tisků a rukopisů fakultních knihoven Univerzity Karlovy v Praze ». Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-297575.
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(in English): This study focuses on the faculty libraries of the Charles University in Prague. More precisely, it deals with their collections of manuscripts, old and rare books. The introductory chapters are dedicated to theoretical basis of protection and preservation of historical documents. The main body of the thesis is created by an analysis of historical collections in particular libraries. This analysis is based on a questionnaire survey, on study of sources and on a research carried out during an actual visit to these libraries. Each chapter includes a brief history of the faculty library, the origin of the collection, and other important features such as the size of the collection, its thematic focus and especially the details of the way it is stored and available to readers. Another important focus of this study is to express the needs, the aims and experience of these faculty libraries. A more detailed study is dedicated to the library of The Protestant Theological Faculty. It includes a report about my research into the actual physical condition of the collection. The concluding and summarizing part of this thesis consists of thematically structured chapters, diagrams and tables which try to give an overall perspective on the situation. It tries to define the common grounds and...
Livres sur le sujet "Cleaning, protection, historical documents"
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Latin America-Europe Heritage Encounters (1st 1996 Namur, Belgium). Premières Rencontres du patrimoine Amérique latine-Europe : Monuments, sites et documents historiques = Primeros Encuentros del Patrimonio América latina-Europa : monumentos, sitios y documentos históricos = First Latin America-Europe Heritage Encounters : monuments, sites, and historical documents : Facultés universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Namur, 10-13.09.1996. Namur : Ministère de la région wallonne, Direction générale de l'aménagement du territoire, du logement et du patrimoine, Division du patrimoine, 1996.
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William E, Butler. International Law in the Russian Legal System. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198842941.001.0001.
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This addition to the Elements of International Law series explores the role of international law as an integral part of the Russian legal system, with particular reference to the role of international treaties and of generally-recognized principles and norms of international law. Following a discussion of the historical place of treaties in Russian legal history and the sources of the Russian law of treaties, the book strikes new ground in exploring contemporary treaty-making in the Russian Federation by drawing upon sources not believed to have been previously used in Russian or western doctrinal writings. Special attention is devoted to investment protection treaties. The importance of publishing treaties as a condition of their application by Russian courts is explored. For the first time a detailed account is given of the constitutional history of treaty ratification in Russia, the outcome being that present constitutional practice is inconsistent with the drafting history of the relevant constitutional provisions. The volume gives attention to the role of the Russian Supreme Court in developing treaty practice through the issuance of "guiding documents" binding on lower courts, the reaction of the Russian Constitutional Court to judgments of the European Court of Human Rights, and the place of treaties as an integral part of the Russian legal system. Butler further explores the hierarchy of sources of law, together with other facets of Russian arbitral and judicial practice with respect to treaties and other sources of international law. He concludes with a consideration of the 'generally-recognized principles and norms of international law' and their role as part of the Russian system.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Cleaning, protection, historical documents"
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Váradi-Csema, Erika. « Children’s Rights and the Criminal Protection of Minors ». Dans Criminal Legal Studies : European Challenges and Central European Responses in the Criminal Science of the 21st Century, 413–35. Central European Academic Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54171/2022.evcs.cls_15.
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The development of the criminal law protection of minors relates to the rise of children’s rights. Even today, this area of law exerts one of the most powerful effects on juvenile criminal justice. It also serves as a filter through which the quality of the regulations regarding minor offenders and victims can be measured. Therefore, the study examines the topic of children’s rights, primarily its evalua- tive aspect. It discusses the facts related to the suppressing of attacks against minors and the rules for juvenile offenders in the complex review of the criminal law rules affecting minors. Common historical influences play an important role in the development of the criminal policy of Central and East-Central European countries. Belonging to the Soviet era and the socialist state system provided a common ideological framework for the attitude toward young offenders and for defining the framework of, for example, parental rights and educational tools. The political change in each country caused a serious social cataclysm, which sometimes induced the development of a more marked penal policy and the need for more decisive action against juvenile offenders. Meanwhile, international documents played an important role in the spread of new alternative or community sanctions. The accession to the Council of Europe and later to the EU brought the noted countries back into a common framework. The study focuses on the CEE-countries, and aims to provide a general overview, from a historical perspective, of the development of children’s rights and criminal justice.
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Go, Min Hee. « Federalism and the Construction of Protection from Betsy to Katrina ». Dans Rethinking Community Resilience, 47–82. NYU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479804894.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 builds a historical narrative on how New Orleans’s civic actors influenced policies and politics around emergency management at the federal, state, and local level. This chapter focuses on the ways in which citizen requests have influenced the federal, state, and local governments. This has been done in two ways. First, civic actors urged the federal government to pursue structural solutions by constructing levees and drainage systems around flood-prone areas. Through browsing these documents, we can get a glimpse of how the perception of natural disasters had been constructed prior to Katrina’s landfall. To government officials and residents alike, disasters were considered as infrequent disruptions from which the city of New Orleans had to be protected, and the protection was mainly provided by the federal government’s engineering and insurance programs. The expanding protection instilled residents with an elevated sense of security and justified rebuilding in vulnerable regions. Second, because of the federal protection, the Louisiana and New Orleans governments have developed policies that minimize investment in long-term hazard mitigation for the sake of economic development.
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Antkowiak, Thomas M. « 21. The Americas ». Dans International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198767237.003.0021.
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This chapter considers human rights protection across the Americas, and focuses in particular on the Organization of American States (OAS). The chapter begins with a historical overview of the OAS. The OAS has drafted and promulgated several human rights documents and treaties, including the American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man and the American Convention on Human Rights, as well as others. Having introduced the main instruments for the protection the chapter then considers the two main OAS institutions that are mandated to promote and protect human rights: the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Finally, challenges to the Inter-American system are discussed.
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Antkowiak, Thomas M. « 21. The Americas ». Dans International Human Rights Law, 445–62. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198860112.003.0021.
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This chapter considers human rights protection across the Americas, and focuses in particular on the Organization of American States (OAS). The chapter begins with a historical overview of the OAS. The OAS has drafted and promulgated several human rights documents and treaties, including the American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man and the American Convention on Human Rights, as well as others. Having introduced the main instruments for the protection of human rights, the chapter then considers the two main OAS institutions that are mandated to promote and protect human rights: the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Finally, challenges to the Inter-American system are discussed.
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Ollick, Stephan FH. « Constitutional Law and the Economy ». Dans Constitutionalism and the Economy in Africa, 73—C3.P134. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192886439.003.0005.
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Abstract Constitutions are political and economic documents. Although the economic order can in principle be shaped dynamically as a matter of policy, many modern legal orders elevate economic principles to constitutional rank. The resulting provisions come in a variety of guises, ranging from formal commitments and distinctly labelled systems to discreet presuppositions that motivate and protect desired forms of productive activity. The legal systems of France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States each enshrine key tenets of economic liberalism in their fundamental laws by regulating levels of state intervention, preserving economic unity, balancing public and private ownership, and giving privileged protection to select individual and collective rights. Idiosyncrasies and differences in emphasis reflect the historical trajectories of the four orders. Among the European states, convergence has been perpetuated by the European Union’s involvement in economic and monetary policy. However, they differ in the limits they impose on later policy-making, thus increasing the political cost of changes in approach. While the constitutional enshrinement of economic tenets may attest to a firm belief in their validity and endurance, the questionable significance of this practice for economic growth must be weighed against the costs of potentially limiting the range of responses to new challenges in an ever-changing world.
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Riseth, Jan Åge, Svein Morten Eilertsen et Bernt Johansen. « Reindriftas sårbarhet og Norges ansvar ». Dans Utmark i endring, 29–66. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.151.ch2.
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In Norway, the reindeer exists as both a wild and semi-domesticated species. The latter forms the basis of a livelihood and industry that is the clearest characteristic of Sámi culture, and it is protected by international law and the Norwegian Constitution. Nevertheless, reindeer herding is threatened by loss of land used for infrastructure and recreation facilities development, as well as human activities in the outfields (utmark). Reindeer are physically vulnerable, and society’s institutions do not provide sufficient protection of land for grazing and herding of reindeer. Politicians and the general public are largely unaware of this. The chapter documents this by analyzing land-use challenges in two reindeer-herding districts. Besides loss of pastureland, the accumulated effect of former losses is a loss of flexibility, which makes adaptation to new challenges increasingly difficult. The authors suggest several practical measures (e.g. plans, maps, etc.), but also point to the need for general education in Sámi culture and affairs, for politicians as well as the public. This should be a part of necessary reconciliation processes in the context of historical assimilation policies. Furthermore, the Norwegian government should strengthen its efforts to realize the intentions of plan and building laws by strengthening local and regional government obligations.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Cleaning, protection, historical documents"
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Kaminska, Aleksandra, M. Sawczak et Gerard Sliwinski. « Investigation of the laser cleaning effect on historical wood-pulp paper documents ». Dans Prague -- 2004 DL over. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.611323.
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Ochocinska, Katarzyna, Margarita Martin, Jorn Bredal-Jorgensen, Aleksandra Kaminska et Gerard Sliwinski. « Laser cleaning of historical paper documents and diagnostics by means of LIF technique ». Dans Laser Technology VII : Applications of Lasers, sous la direction de Wieslaw L. Wolinski, Zdzislaw Jankiewicz et Ryszard Romaniuk. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.520764.
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Ranogajec, J., S. Vučetić, J. van der Bergh, B. Miljević et H. Hiršenberger. « Holistic Approach to Cleaning and Protection of Stone Façades of 20th Century Architectural Heritage ». Dans 12th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions. CIMNE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/sahc.2021.127.
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Ochiai, Chiho, et Jingying Wang. « Dry Stone Wall Relics as a Part of Cultural Landscapes : A Case Study from the Foot of Mt. Hira Region in Japan ». Dans HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage : Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15137.
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Shishigaki (wild boar defense walls), as a part of cultural landscapes in Japan, currently faces serious deterioration. The research aims to identify the characteristics of Shishigaki walls in eight villages located at the foot of Mt. Hira and propose conservation strategies. Interpretation of historical documents and cadastral maps, interviews, and measurement surveys were conducted. As a result, about 4,3 km of Shish-igaki relics are confirmed, of a total length up to12,7 km built in the 18th to 19th century. Shishigaki walls were built by local households collaboratively with different drystone masonry techniques. Based on the field surveys, it was found that although up to 91% of Shishigaki walls located within the village territories were demolished, only half of Shishigaki walls in the forest were deconstructed. Loss of functionality as protection fences with the change of land use is considered as the main reason for the demolition of Shish-igaki walls. It is suggested that Shishigaki relics in the forest could be integrated into existing hiking routes and promoted through collaborative map-making with local residents. The authors contest that heritage interpretation rooted in local historical studies and conservation with community involvement could be adopted in the promotion of cultural landscapes worldwide.
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Pirinu, Andrea, Vincenzo Bagnolo, Raffaele Argiolas et Marco Utzeri. « Metodologie integrate per la conoscenza, la tutela e la rappresentazione dell’architettura militare storica. Sistemi costruttivi e percorsi voltati lungo i bastioni occidentali di Cagliari (Sardegna, Italia) ». Dans FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia : Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11378.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Integrated methodologies for the knowledge, representation and protection of historical military architecture. Construction systems and vaulted paths along the western bastions of Cagliari (Sardinia, Italy)The integrated method is been applied in the meet point between the curtain of Santa Chiara and the curtain of de Cardona, in a limited area of the ancient walls of Cagliari (Sardinia, Italy). The sector consists of a bastion called “curtain of Santa Chiara” designed in 1575 and realized in the period 1575-1578 by the military engineer Giorgio Paleari and the “curtain of de Cardona”, a military work commissioned by the Viceroy in the 1930s of the same century and interested by modification until the seventeenth century. The archive documents offer a lot of informations on the presence of gunboats and vaulted passages designed and built in this area during this period. This source –accompanied by an architectural survey of the existing military work and the knowledge of the construction techniques used at the time and indicated in the military treaties– may direct a subsequent investigation with geophysical methods. To this aim, a first graphic representation of the study area in the sixteenth century is proposed.
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Bedaev, Aleksandr, Elena Mikhailova et Valentina Tikhonova. « Russian diasporas of the Caspian region countries in the implementation of the "Russian world" project ». Dans "The Caspian in the Digital Age" within the framework of the International Scientific Forum "Caspian 2021 : Ways of Sustainable Development". Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.rsfe5616.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A number of state and public organizations take part in pursuing cultural policy and protection of rights of compatriots in the countries of the Caspian region. Russian-speaking communities abroad are regarded as components of " the Russian World" - a civilizational community that unites them around Russia as a historical and cultural centre. The preservation of the Russian language in the post-Soviet states is focused on the studying of the language by the titular peoples of sovereign states as the language of interstate communication with Russia and to ensure favourable conditions for labour migration to Russia. In the Caspian states the status of the Russian-speaking community is constantly declining and decreasing, as well as its cultural role in the life of the independent national states. In a long run, this reduces the base of the functioning of the Russian language in the Caspian countries. The Russian World state project is officially presented as a project on preserving the Russian language in the countries where Russian communities exist. At the same time the analysis of documents and information portals, related to the Russian World program, demonstrates that the policy of the Russian Federation focused on the repatriation of ethnic Russians and Russian-speaking people to Russia lines up with their migration activity.
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Honeycheck, Thomas S., Gregory H. Gesell et Mark C. Turner. « A Carbon Injection System on a COHPAC-Equipped Waste-to-Energy Facility ». Dans 9th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec9-113.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract The SEMASS Resource Recovery Facility (SEMASS) is a processed refuse fuel (PRF) waste-to-energy plant serving much of Southeastern Massachusetts. Units 1 and 2 at the plant were designed with spray dryer absorbers (SDAs) and electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). A review of historical data from the plant indicated that in order to comply with the Environmental Protection Agency’s Municipal Waste Combustor (MWC) Rule (40 CFR Part 60, Subpart Cb), which is known as the Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT), improved emission performance would be required from the flue gas cleaning system on Units 1 and 2. A pilot test program was conducted which led to the installation of COHPAC, or COmpact Hybrid PArticulate Collector units (i.e. flue gas polishing devices) downstream of the ESPs on these two combustion trains. The COHPAC units were successfully started up in June, 2000. In addition to these modifications, it was determined that further control of mercury emissions would be required. A system to inject powdered activated carbon into the flue gas was added to the plant. This paper describes that carbon injection system. A comparison between test data obtained at SEMASS is made with predictions based upon the EPA testing at the Ogden Martin Systems of Stanislaus, Inc. Municipal Waste Combustor Facility near Crows Landing, California and the EPA testing at the Camden County Municipal Waste Combustor in Camden, New Jersey. These are waste-to-energy plants, the former utilizing an SDA and a baghouse while the latter contains an SDA followed by an ESP. In addition, the effect of carbon injection location upon mercury reduction was investigated. The results of that study are also included.
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BOUMAZOUZA, Nassima. « CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIAL NEEDS THROUGH THE SYMBOLISM OF ABUSE AND BULLYING TARGETING ». Dans International Research Congress of Contemporary Studies in Social Sciences (Rimar Congress 2). Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/rimarcongress2-6.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The World Health Organization (WHO) states on its website, the one dedicated to the regional office of the Middle East, that there are more than 1000 million disabled people across the globe, which represents approximately 15% of the entire world population i.e. nearly 1 in every 7 people is disabled. It also indicates that the number of the people who suffer from a handicap is on a continuous rise, mainly because of the aging population as well as the exacerbation of chronic illnesses. Moreover, the same organization informs that although this matter is of an extreme seriousness, there is in fact a severe lack of awareness and an unavailability of the necessary scientific information related to this topic. As a matter of fact, there is only a small number of documents that display collections of studies about the policies and responses that the countries have put in place in order to meet the needs of people with disabilities. The data related to disabilities and disabled people points out to an evident lack of concern, on a global scale, when it comes to this particular group that happens to include millions of people all throughout the world. However, and despite the efforts and resources dedicated to accommodate and rehabilitate handicapped people, we still, unfortunately, have a long way to go before we can reach this desired goal. So, does it mean that all these efforts were in vain? In this communication, we will attempt to answer this question through a presentation of the historical evolution of opinions about the meaning of disability and special needs in light of the recent scientific advancements and its impact on the social perception, by shedding the light on the symbolism of the phenomenon of abuse and bullying targeting individuals with special needs. This historical examination shows a clear quantum leap when it comes to the treatment and attitude towards people with special needs, a leap that coincides with the advancement that the scientific research and the pathological classification in the psychology have witnessed in the beginning of the twentieth century. Following these classifications, a number of legal renewals took place, which provided disabled people with several rights that guarantee their protection. Therefore, we can determine that there is indeed a tangible change, albeit the fact that there is definitely and undoubtedly more room for improvement in this regard. Consequently, the denunciations we witness today regarding the abuse and mistreatment of people with disabilities is in fact a product of the collective awareness and the public acknowledgment of the radical shift regarding the conceptual and practical notion of disability. Which in turn, predicts a better and a more prosperous future for a group of people who are in dire need of change.
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Kambovski, Igor. « RAČUNARSTVO U OBLAKU – PRAVNA PITANjA I DILEME ». Dans XVIII Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xviiimajsko.379k.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cloud computing is a part of our everyday life, a revolutionary invention of the 21st century that overcomes perhaps the biggest problem since the advent of the Internet and online communications and transactions - the problem of secure data transfer and storage. Cloud Computing is a modern technology that enables the use of IT services remotely, over the Internet and a network of physically remote servers. This type of computing provides great opportunities for consumers, customers, companies, all interested parties to communicate and do business online, with a significant reduction in costs and investment in hardware and software. Cloud computing services are accessible and attractive to users, primarily because they are either free or the price for their use is symbolic. Cloud computing, compared to the standard model of using home or office computers at work, differs in that the entire load for storing data and applications from the computer is transferred to the network and then to the cloud servers, so that all information and applications which we need can be found in the cloud. Servers are located in several locations around the world, on so-called "server farms" and guarantee continuous and stable access to applications, data storage and protection and control of all data and background processes. Users of cloud computing services need a computer with an Internet browser, a stable Internet connection and a concluded subscription agreement with a provider that provides such services. Cloud computing agreements and contracts are usually made online. The contract may also specify security measures (eg requests for cleaning or deleting data on damaged media, storage of customer data on private hardware, storage and diversification of data in different locations, etc.). The legal rules applicable to cloud computing contracts may require that the contract be in written form, especially when it comes to the processing and storage of personal data, and that all supporting documents be attached to the main contract. Even when no written form is required, for reasons of legal certainty, ease of reference, clarity, completeness, enforceability and efficiency of the contract, the parties may decide to conclude the contract in writing.
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Ahmad, Mohd Fadillah, Jamal Dayem, Nurfitrah Mat Noh, Jia Jun Goo et Marlene Kereshanan. « Transforming Real Time Drilling Operation Center into a High-Performance Enabler in the Digital Era : A Brunei Case Study ». Dans SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205544-ms.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract This paper documents the aim to develop the necessary integrated digital capability and initiative to enhance and improve operation performance and transform the way data is manipulated, visualized and interpreted within Real-Time Performance Center (RTPC) by an oil and gas operator in Brunei. The strategy to achieve enhancement of RTPC deliverables and performance KPIs demanded the following steps: Adapting an engineering solution to align performance monitoring and set measurable and achievable KPIs. This process begins with an assessment of the current working practice. Automating KPIs dashboard that is customizable to meet stakeholder's expectation. Implementing the New Way of Working with the change management support. Advancing with the historical data loading, data clean-up by data mapping process and detailed quality checks before computing the best composite well time (BCWT). Improved Drilling Efficiency & Optimization (DEO) workflow by monitoring Mechanical Specific Energy (MSE) to improve the drilling rate of penetration (ROP) and mitigate drilling dysfunctions. The technical scope of the operation center includes the transformation of the high-frequency data transmitted from sensors at the rig site into information that encourages continuous improvement of all operational activities, both offshore and onshore by well engineers through digital solution collaboration. The result of the collaborative initiatives an enhanced Real Time Performance Center, with which transparency becomes imperative, strong performance KPIs are continuously monitored and improved through benchmarking of drilling activities as well as off-bottom practices and flat-time operations in the current well against the offset wells. In addition, the daily data-centric performance-driven discussions that take place contribute to a successful enhancement strategy. Among key improvements observed between the start of RTPC implementation to Q3-2020: Operations time improvement: 32% reduction in backreaming time Invisible lost time (ILT) reduction: More than 30% improvement in 12.25in and 8.5in RSS BHA connection time and more than 60% improvement in tripping speed. Significant reduction in NPT categories within the RTPC's scope, e.g., well control, hole cleaning, stuck pipe and mud contamination. The value gained from monitoring and achieving performance goals is calculated in terms of financial incentives and frequently communicated to the rig teams. More importantly, the change was properly managed, and the leadership team recognized a smooth transition between the previous inefficient RTPC setup and the new data-centric ways of working. Ultimately, the enhanced RTPC with its digital portal, is the knowledge center that showcases Wells Team's continuous improvement and performance driven culture. This strategy of enhancing RTPC's performance though digital initiative can be adapted in other real time centers and it is envisaged that the implementation of these engineering solutions to the RTPC will facilitate practicing engineers to optimize the operational performance and efficiency.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Cleaning, protection, historical documents"
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Melby, Jeffrey, Thomas Massey, Fatima Diop, Himangshu Das, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo, Victor Gonzalez, Mary Bryant et al. Coastal Texas Protection and Restoration Feasibility Study : Coastal Texas flood risk assessment : hydrodynamic response and beach morphology. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), juillet 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41051.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The US Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District, is executing the Coastal Texas Protection and Restoration Feasibility Study coastal storm risk management (CSRM) project for the region. The project is currently in the feasibility phase. The primary goal is to develop CSRM measures that maximize national net economic development benefits. This report documents the coastal storm water level and wave hazard, including sea level rise, for a variety of flood risk management alternatives. Four beach restoration alternatives for Galveston Island and Bolivar peninsula were evaluated. Suites of synthetic tropical and historical non-tropical storms were developed and modeled. The CSTORM coupled surge-and-wave modeling system was used to accurately characterize storm circulation, water level, and wave hazards using new model meshes developed from high-resolution land and sub-aqueous surveys for with- and without-project scenarios. Beach morphology stochastic response was modeled with a Monte Carlo life-cycle simulation approach using the CSHORE morphological evolution numerical model embedded in the StormSim stochastic modeling system. Morphological and hydrodynamic response were primarily characterized with probability distributions of the number of rehabilitations and overflow.