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Miller, Clark A. « Interrogating the Civic Epistemology of American Democracy ». Social Studies of Science 34, no 4 (août 2004) : 501–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312704045661.
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Ezrahi, Yaron. « Controlling Biotechnology : Science, Democracy and ‘Civic Epistemology’ ». Metascience 17, no 2 (7 mai 2008) : 177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11016-008-9201-6.
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Donovan, Amy, et Clive Oppenheimer. « Resilient science : The civic epistemology of disaster risk reduction ». Science and Public Policy 43, no 3 (19 août 2015) : 363–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scv039.
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Isaieva, Natalia. « CONCEPT OF «LIFE WORLD» : PLACE AND ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF POLITICAL IDENTITY AND CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS ». Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, no 1 (1 août 2022) : 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2022-1-8.
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The article reveals the problems of the world of life and political identity and civic consciousness as related scientific contexts. The scientific traditions of social phenomenology, political science, philosophy, epistemology, sociology of action and anthroposocial concept are considered. The presented research is part of the work aimed at recognizing and problematizing the features of the social life of civil society, sociocultural meanings of political life, taken in terms of concepts of social reality, life, personal picture of the world, collective, settlement and territorial identities, trust which are understood as some mental models of semantic structures only at the level of a particular individual. It is concluded that political identity is a correlate or content of the act of orientation of civic consciousness, which is formed under the influence of «life world».
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Chou, Kuei. « From Anti-Pollution to Climate Change Risk Movement : Reshaping Civic Epistemology ». Sustainability 7, no 11 (30 octobre 2015) : 14574–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su71114574.
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Hazard, Sonia. « Agency, the Idea of Agency, and the Problem of Mediation in America's God and Secularism in Antebellum America ». Church History 84, no 3 (septembre 2015) : 610–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640715000530.
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A common faith swept the country. According to Mark Noll's now-famous thesis, early republican and antebellum America was characterized by an ideological synthesis of evangelical religion, republican political theory, and common sense epistemology. Noll calls it “the Protestant consensus.” John Modern largely agrees. In Modern's telling, antebellum America was mired in the same entanglement of piety, politics, and epistemology. But in lieu of the civic language of consensus, Modern describes his formation as an “atmosphere,” a kind of conceptual cloud-hanging so thickly in the air that antebellum Americans inhaled it with every breath. This pervasive atmosphere is what Modern means by “the secular.”
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Traore, Abou, Wenda Bauchspies et Wesley Shrum. « Gendered Civic Epistemology : Knowledge Practices During an Ebola Outbreak in Guinea and Mali ». Gendered Perspectives on International Development 1, no 1 (2021) : 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/gpi.2021.0006.
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Korac, Srdjan. « REFLEXIVITY IN THE STUDY OF WARFARE : IS THERE ADDED VALUE FOR THE DISCIPLINE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ? » Srpska politička misao 70, no 4/2020 (2 février 2021) : 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.22182/spm.7042020.6.
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The article examines whether reflectivist approach to epistemology in the study of warfare can amend some weaknesses of the rationalist/positivist canon of mainstream International Relations (IR) theories. The author argues for the existence of a new epistemic situation for the IR researcher: an ontological transformation of the military profession in post-industrial societies that has created a sacralised civic duty to fight in war. The research of warfare is becoming more focused on the individual – who is either a reluctant combatant or a civilian victimised by military operations, but protected by international norms. The author hypothesises that the advantages of reflectivist epistemological viewpoint – embracing standpoint epistemology, situated knowledge, the concept of embodiment, Cynthia Enloe’s claim that “the international is the personal” – may provide a plausible alternative path in the quest for an answer to the question of how we learn about warfare as the central problem of international relations. The analysis shows how reflectivism encourages researchers to identify new, previously “hidden” or marginalised questions and thus expand the scope of inquiry of mainstream IR. The author concludes that, when it comes to the study of warfare in the early twenty-first century, the largest contribution of reflectivist approach to epistemology of IR is in overcoming the shortcomings of the traditionally rigid mainstream epistemological framework of the discipline, providing the grounds for future counter-hegemonic actions.
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Gómez Carrasco, Cosme Jesús, et Raimundo A. Rodríguez Pérez. « La historia como materia formativa. Reflexiones epistemológicas e historiográficas ». REVISTA DE HISTORIOGRAFÍA (RevHisto) 27 (27 novembre 2017) : 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/revhisto.2017.3974.
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Resumen: La tradicional separación entre investigación histórica y enseñanza de la historia implica que los avances de ambas disciplinas no tengan verdadero calado. La historia como formadora de élites y creadora de identidades ha dado paso a una enseñanza cívica y democrática, que en España aún se encuentra en sus primeros estadios. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la evolución de la historiografía para encontrar puntos en común con su vertiente didáctica. Conseguir que los estudiantes y la sociedad vean la historia como ciencia, requiere superar el positivismo y la historia factual.Palabras clave: Historiografía, Epistemología, Pensamiento Histórico, Educación histórica.Abstract: The traditional separation between historical research and history teaching implies that the advances of both disciplines have no real meaning. History as an educator of elites and creator of identities has given way to a civic and democratic education, which in Spain is still in its early stages. This paper sets out to analyse the evolution of historiography to find points in common with its didactic aspect. Getting students and society to view history as science requires overcoming positivism and factual history.Key words: Historiography, Epistemology, Historical thinking, Historical education.
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Matsuoka, Fumitaka. « “One in many : Sounding of the heart” : The meaning of divine revelation in the kakure kirishitan land ». Missiology : An International Review 47, no 3 (juillet 2019) : 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091829619855351.
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The question to be explored is that of how far a Christian identity can be stretched and yet still remain “Christian” and who determines the limits and for what reasons. This question is explored in light of the kakure kirishitan (hidden Christians) studies in Japan. More precisely, the question is that of how the historically singular epistemology embodied in the “one-God” understandings of Christianity has played out in multiple readings of reality, a “many gods” epistemology, in Japan. This is an exploration of the “meaning of divine revelation of Christ” set within the context of ecclesia semper reformanda. I would claim that the “character of love” as defined by Ernst Troeltsch’s notion of the revelation of Christ (“In our earthly experiences the Divine Life is not One, but Many. But to apprehend the One in the Many constitutes the special character of love”), which is a distinct Christian faith paradigm, contrary to the popular paradigm in the academic and civic discourse of “one in many,” takes on the character of “the sounding of the heart.” Even when the historical identity of Christ is extensively eroded, the “sounding” speaks to people beyond the difference of the worlds with a language that is so intimate that it profoundly grasps the heart.
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Corroto, Carla. « When you have a hammer in your hand, everything looks like a nail ». Qualitative Research Journal 14, no 2 (8 juillet 2014) : 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-07-2013-0043.
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Purpose – Taking Community Design Centers (CDC) in the USA as case studies, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of a type of service learning increasingly found in colleges of architecture. Typically, the CDC is a model of architecture's civic engagement that makes claims to “give back” to under-served communities and enhance student learning with applied architectural design work. Design/methodology/approach – This project is part of a long-term engagement as participant observer and ethnographer in the field of architecture. Fieldwork in this investigation is presented as four case studies in separate and specific contexts. Findings – Initial findings suggest there are conflicting intentions and aspirations at work through service learning in architecture and its implementation calls into question who or what is served. The author argues architecture's epistemology, pedagogical structure, and ideology precludes effective civic engagement. Originality/value – The value of this research is the understanding of how those with power and resources are able to frame their work in low-income communities as service, even though there is little of worth given. It also demonstrates how stratification is reinforced through institutional arrangements in the USA.
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Fallace, Thomas D. « The Origins of Classroom Deliberation : Democratic Education in the Shadow of Totalitarianism, 1938–1960 ». Harvard Educational Review 86, no 4 (1 décembre 2016) : 506–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/1943-5045-86.4.506.
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Many theorists of democratic education assume that the idea of having students deliberate about social issues in the classroom can be traced directly to the student-centered and reform-oriented ideals of interwar educational theorists such as John Dewey and Harold Rugg. However, in this intellectual history, Thomas D. Fallace argues that classroom deliberation as it is currently conceived emerged in part out of a backlash against the interwar ideology and epistemology that took place between 1938 and 1960, when democratic theorists rejected any commitment to ideology because such commitments were considered dangerous in a world falling prey to totalitarianism. As a result, leading educational theorists reoriented the focus on teaching social issues in the classroom away from the transmission of ideological subject matter toward deliberative skills, scientific thinking, open-ended inquiry, and consensus building, representing a major reorientation in civic education that largely continues to this day.
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Jankovic, Stefan, et Milena Tokovic. « Why are the institutional injustice and the lack of fairness omnipresent in Serbia ? A pragmatic assessment of plural orders of worth ». Sociologija 63, no 2 (2021) : 236–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc2102236j.
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Recent results from Round 9 of the European Social Survey (ESS) indicate that Serbia differs from other European countries in terms of justice and fairness. Whereas the Serbian people?s dissatisfaction relating to unjust income distribution, unfair employment chances and political institutions may not be surprising, these findings still raise a dozen questions. Situated within contemporary discussions on normativity in sociology and survey methodology, this paper aims to reassess the moral grammar of these judgments. By endorsing tenets of pragmatic sociology and its principal aim to recognize the plural modes of valuation and criticism and reflective capacities of social actors to judge and evaluate, this paper develops around few major points. First, we underline how most major approaches to axiology remain stuck in a co-determinist framework, thereby renewing a number of dualisms. Instead, we opt for a relational approach and further present how the theoretical model of Boltanski and Thev?not enables the locating of different assessments of worth. After setting our methodological framework against the ?externalist? epistemology, we explore our key assumption that the above-mentioned high rates come as a problem of a feasible ?truce? between the domestic regime and the civic polity, ruled by proclaimed legality, representativeness and impersonal character. We trace the problem of incorporating multiple arrangements as a problem of generality, by relating these to two layers of information acquired through the ESS. One involves the analysis of the domestic polity covering the household situation in terms of organization and unveiling the specific worth given to care and protection. Another layer is derived from regression analysis which affirms that the absence of fairness in civic polity correlates with a higher degree of worth given to the domestic one, but also that the latter situation depicts a deeper ontological puzzle about making a mild transition to the assumed ?horizontality? of civic matters.
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Leath, Seanna, Paris Ball, Lauren Mims, Sheretta Butler-Barnes et Taina Quiles. « “They Need to Hear Our Voices” : A Multidimensional Framework of Black College Women’s Sociopolitical Development and Activism ». Journal of Black Psychology 48, no 3-4 (mai 2022) : 392–427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00957984211016943.
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Black women have played an integral role in Black liberation struggles. Yet there is little psychological scholarship on Black women’s contribution to social justice movements, particularly beyond conventional forms of activism, such as protesting and voting. To address this gap, the current study draws on Black feminist epistemology to present a multidimensional framework of Black college women’s sociopolitical development. Using consensual qualitative research methods, we analyzed semistructured interview data from 65 Black college women (18-24 years) to explore their understandings of agency, civic engagement, and resistance. Eight themes emerged— gaining knowledge, self-advocacy, sisterhood, self-love, educating others, collective organizing and leadership, community care, and career aspirations. Our results situate Black college women’s activism within a sociohistorical framework of Black feminist organizing and underscore the overlapping roles of self-awareness, interpersonal relationships, and institutional knowledge. The authors discuss how the contemporary racial and sociopolitical climate in the United States informed the participants’ social justice orientation and how their involvement and investment in the Black community helped the participants reframe racial violence and oppression into narratives of resistance and healing.
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Poole, Alex H., Denise Agosto, Xia Lin et Erjia Yan. « “Librarianship as Citizenship” : The Promise of Community-Based Learning in North American Library and Information Science Education ». Journal of Education for Library and Information Science 63, no 2 (1 mars 2022) : 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jelis-2020-0090.
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This article argues for the usefulness of experiential learning as a vehicle for democratic civic engagement in North American library and information science programs. First, we explore the literature on service learning, traditionally the primary type of experiential learning in LIS. We define and provide historical context and scrutinize service learning’s benefits and challenges for students, faculty, LIS programs, and parent institutions. Second, we trace the evolution of experiential learning from service learning to community-based learning (CBL); we underline the ways in which such an approach in its epistemology and its practice transcends the traditional service-learning model. Finally, we unpack the novel ways in which one iSchool’s LIS program is implementing community-based learning, namely by embracing data science and design thinking in its pedagogical approach to a new three-course, twelve-credit post-Bachelor’s certificate (PBC). We discuss the institutional context for the certificate, the project partners, the 12 PBC Fellows, and the curriculum, which includes three new courses (Design Thinking for Digital Community Service, Data Analytics for Community-Based Data and Service, and a capstone).
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Chertkova, E. L. « The scientist’s dignity as a path to the truth ». Philosophy of Science and Technology 27, no 2 (2022) : 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2413-9084-2022-27-2-6-19.
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The article is devoted to the 90th anniversary of Academy member Vladislav Alexandrovich Lectorsky, his scientific views and personal qualities. On the basis of acquaintance with his works and many years of personal communication, an attempt is made to comprehend the reasons and conditions for the fruitful life in science, which allowed him to become a universally recognized classic of Russian philosophy during his lifetime and a recognized worldwide authority in the field of epistemology and philosophy of science. The mechanism of interaction of scientific inclinations and interests with personal inclinations and ethical principles of a scientist, which determined the choice of life path and direction of scientific research, is considered. There is a tendency to expand the scope of research from special problems of the theory of knowledge to generalizing concepts of philosophical epistemology, philosophy of consciousness, philosophical anthropology, encompassing cognition, man and culture in a holistic worldview system. There is a pronounced social orientation of epistemological research. The way of formation of a scientist’s personality and his civic position in the process of solving research tasks is shown – from the analysis of cognition as an end in itself to the application of the concepts and principles developed in this process to the philosophical understanding of a person, his place and destiny in a modern transforming society, the protection of rationality and humanism as values of civilization. The talent of V.A. Lektorsky as an organizer of science, who worked for a long time as the head of the theory of knowledge department and editor-in-chief of the journal “Voprosy filosofii”, the current professor and dean of the Faculty of Philosophy of GAUGN and editor-in-chief of the journal “Philosophy of Science and Technology” is noted. It is shown how the theoretical concepts of tolerance, critical thinking, and humanism developed by him are at the same time practical principles of his own life. This is the sign of a real philosopher, not just a researcher in the field of philosophy.
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Nil Gulari, Melehat, et Cecilia Zecca. « Cyprus dispute : Between contested territories and spontaneous reappropriation. » Astrágalo. Cultura de la Arquitectura y la Ciudad, no 29 (2021) : 175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/astragalo.2021.i29.09.
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This paper discusses the concepts of conflict and border in relation to place and identity reflecting on narratives and meanings of dividing urban and civil borders. It takes the divided Greek and Turkish society living in Nicosia as a case study. The significance of the wall, as an explicit expression of division, is discussed but also overturned by looking at its closure and its permeability when Nicosia’s sealed borders opened again for everyday crossing. The inquiry speculates an alternative path informed by Glissant’s concept of Opacity, Agamben and Nancy’s non-essentialist approaches non-community to look at entangled deep-rooted ethnic divisions and fragments of shared cultures. To inform urban epistemology, two bottom-up examples are analysed using De Certeau’s concepts of everyday life: Home for Cooperation, which is a neutral space in the buffer zone for unified collectively and Occupy Buffer-zone Movement, which has occupied a non-place and transformed it into a public square through grassroots activism. The paper highlights that in order to draw a feasible future of Cyprus, an anti-essentialist acceptance of the multiple and eclectic origins of the context is needed. In this sense, the tangible and intangible meaning of division requires a shift of meaning, from delimitation, classification, separation to a porous element of balance and calibration. The top-down urban models and concept of inclusiveness have been shaken by the temporal civic grassroots communities, and this demonstrates that collective participation fosters the reappropriation of public space, overturning the perception and the experience of the border of differences. This contributes to theorizing a critical and reflective,rather than idealistic, practice of participation in urban design.
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Rodríguez-Pérez, Carlos, Francisco J. Paniagua-Rojano et Raúl Magallón-Rosa. « Debunking Political Disinformation through Journalists’ Perceptions : An Analysis of Colombia’s Fact-Checking News Practices ». Media and Communication 9, no 1 (3 mars 2021) : 264–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/mac.v9i1.3374.
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Fact-checking alliances emerged worldwide to debunk political disinformation in electoral contexts because of social concerns related to information authenticity. This study, thus, included the Latin American context in fact-checking journalism studies as a journalistic practice to fight political disinformation. Through analyzing RedCheq, the first fact-checking journalism alliance in an electoral regional context led by Colombiacheck, 11 in-depth interviews were conducted to identify the perceptions of regional fact-checkers regarding the usefulness of this journalistic practice, its achievements, and the key aspects for incorporating fact-checking into the regional media ecosystem. The study results revealed that RedCheq achieved the goal of fighting disinformation, and that fact-checking developed as transformational leverage for the regional media. Regional journalists perceived fact-checking as an element that restores credibility and social trust in regional media as the epistemology of this journalistic practice neglects the power pressure and dissemination of official narratives. Finally, this study highlighted how fact-checking journalism contributes to the democratic quality and civic empowerment in silenced and polarized environments. In addition, it discussed the need to expand fact-checking journalism’s coverage to new geographical areas and improve journalists’ professional competencies and training, thereby enabling them to function as using verification tools based on regional journalists’ requirements.
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Ajah, Richard Oko. « Nationalism and African Communal Identity in Marguerite Abouet’s and Clement Oubrerie’s Aya de Yopougon ». Human and Social Studies 6, no 3 (1 octobre 2017) : 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hssr-2017-0025.
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Abstract Nationalism has become a contested construct because scholars doubt its ideological authenticity and global migratory consciousness, which promotes transcultural / transnational identity, and problematizes its raison d’être. Though Abouet and Oubrerie’s graphic novel could be read as a portrayal of the emerging urban center and its postmodern identities, this study rather investigates how Aya de Yopougon galvanizes juvenile nationalistic consciousness through age-long African communal identity. Using the postcolonial theory, the paper argues that the epistemology of nationalism, as a forerunner of nationhood, has been inherently encapsulated in African communal identity as manifested in the lives of middle-class dwellers of Yopougon, a suburb of Abidjan. It further deconstructs the symbolic Eurocentric paradigms of nationalism because nationalistic consciousness is located in the African definition of “family” and “community” revealed in the setting of Yopougon which contrasts with other spaces that bear the emblem of nationhood in the novel. Yopougon is not Anderson’s “imagined community”; its inhabitants reflect African communal identity that is located in gender complementarities and civic interdependence. The paper concludes that communalism could be an African brand of modern nationalism, used to develop the nationalistic and communalistic consciousness of the Ivorian youths who are faced with crude realities of a postcolonial society.
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Wilson, Tim J. « Collaborative Justice and Harm Reduction in Cyberspace : Policing Indecent Child Images ». Journal of Criminal Law 84, no 5 (octobre 2020) : 474–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022018320952560.
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The exponential increase on the internet of indecent images of children (IIOC) has been followed by a transformation within criminal justice. The scale, nature and rapid technological evolution of such crimes—often of distant initial geographical origin—requires collaborative justice and harm reduction arrangements with internet companies and NGOs. The diminished reach (declining criminal justice interventions) and power (even in identifying crimes for intervention) of state authority with the current collaborative model, however, has resulted in inadequate social regulation and policing in response to IIOC crimes on the surface web. There is a considerable risk that the Online Harms White Paper proposals to establish overarching government authority to generally reduce harmful conduct will not fully resolve problems that go much wider than the technological, commercial and consumer protection on the surface web issues emphasised in that document. Only political choices about funding and fundamental rights compliant legislation can (a) prevent the hollowing out of criminal justice capacity and capabilities to deal with IIOC offenders and (b) ensure an essential compatibility and consistency in police operational ability—including the access sought to anonymised communication data via an encryption key—and legal principles when dealing with IIOC crimes across all levels of the internet, including ‘the dark web’. These issues are examined as a case study in civic epistemology about the influence of neoliberalism in technologically focused policy making.
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Kozlova, Yulia V. « SOCIAL JUSTICE IN THE CONTEXT OF EPISTEMOLOGICAL URBANISM ». Russian Studies in Culture and Society 6, no 1 (30 avril 2022) : 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2576-9782-2022-1-59-73.
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The purpose of this work is to substantiate the study of the modern city as a system, to determine the main directions of the study of the social processes of the city in the categorical and methodological scheme of epistemology. The rationale for the relevance of this approach is the increasing social differentiation in cities, the polarization of local communities. The city, as a key form of the social system in its subject and communicative space, creates objects and processes for citizens, but does not always give the opportunity to participate in this creation and express their attitude to it. Scientific production aimed at obtaining new reliable knowledge about the urban system, focused on the knowledge of social processes and phenomena, as well as the study of this knowledge itself, is the resource that would improve the quality of life of citizens and optimize their interaction with municipal structures, change their civic position.
Research methods used in the work: comparatively-historical, phenomenological, structural, functional, as well as systematic approach.
The results of the work are to determine those cognitive categories (problem, theory, fact, method) on which it is necessary to build a productive and reliable urban research, to identify the role of knowledge in the construction of urban phenomena, to characterize the “resistance of the studied object”. The results of the study can be used both in the development of individual phenomenological aspects of urban sociology and for urban design
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Al-Kassimi, Khaled. « De-Historicizing (Mainstream) Ottoman Historiography on Tanzimat and Tahdith : Jus Gentium and Pax Britannica Violate Osmanli Sovereignty in Arabia ». Histories 1, no 4 (28 septembre 2021) : 218–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/histories1040020.
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The (secular-humanist) philosophical theology governing (positivist) disciplines such as International Law and International Relations precludes a priori any communicative examination of how the exclusion of Arab-Ottoman jurisprudence is necessary for the ontological coherence of jurisprudent concepts such as society and sovereignty, together with teleological narratives constellating the “Age of Reason” such as modernity and civilization. The exercise of sovereignty by the British Crown—in 19th and 20th century Arabia—consisted of (positivist) legal doctrines comprising “scientific processes” denying Ottoman legal sovereignty, thereby proceeding to “order” societies situated in Dar al-Islam and “detach” Ottoman-Arab subjects from their Ummah. This “rational exercise” of power by the British Crown—mythologizing an unbridgeable epistemological gap between a Latin-European subject as civic and an objectified Ottoman-Arab as despotic—legalized (regulatory) measures referencing ethno/sect-centric paradigms which not only “deported” Ottoman-Arab ijtihad (Eng. legal reasoning and exegetic hermeneutics) from the realm of “international law”, but also rationalized geographic demarcations and demographic alterations across Ottoman-Arab vilayets. Both inter-related disciplines, therefore, affirm an “exclusionary self-image” when dealing with “foreign epistemologies” by transforming “cultural difference” into “legal difference”, thus suing that it is in the protection of jus gentium that “recognized sovereigns” exercise redeeming measures on “Turks”, “Moors”, or “Arabs”. It is precisely the knowledge lost ensuing from such irreflexive “positivist image” that this legal-historical research seeks to deconstruct by moving beyond a myopic analysis claiming Ottoman-Arab ‘Umran (Eng. civilization) as homme malade (i.e., sick man); or that the Caliphate attempted but failed to become reasonable during the 18th and 19th century because it adhered to Arab-Islamic philosophical theology. Therefore, this research commits to deconstructing “mainstream” Ottoman historiography claiming that tanzimat (Eng. reorganization) and tahdith (Eng. modernization) were simply “degenerative periods” affirming the temporal “backwardness” of Ottoman civilization and/or the innate incapacity of its epistemology in furnishing a (modern) civil society.
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Kurkowska-Budzan, Marta. « Informator, świadek historii, narrator – kilka wątków epistemologicznych i etycznych oral history ». Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej 1 (30 octobre 2011) : 9–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26774/wrhm.5.
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The article presents main trends that have been present in oral history of Anglo-Saxon, German and Polish cultures since the 1960s till today.
The thesis of the article is comprised in the text’s structure: an account of the history and methodological variety of oral history in terms of definitions given – now or in the past – to a person being interviewed. According to the author, these definitions reflect epistemological horizons of researchers’ expectations, the ethical aspects of their research subject choices and ethical status of oral history in contemporary culture.“Informer” is a term taken from sociology. It is typical for the days when oral history tried to become part of the modernist paradigm dominant in the 1960s and 70s.
A crisis in epistemology in 1980s shifted the scientific interest to linguistic aspect of cognition, introducing the term “narrator” to oral history. The author discusses two trends in which this word appears along with a category of “experience”: a German biographical method which was popular also in Poland, and a method of research formulated under the influence of Alessandro Portelli, in which the main role is played by relations between a narrator/speaker and a historian.
On the other hand, the concept of “a witness to history”, predominant in Polish oral history, represents specific epistemological and ethical paradoxes which have their origins in circumstances, in which this domain of “civic historiography” was born.
Finally, the author focuses on ethical issues of conducting an interview, and a problem of transcribing and editing an oral narrative.
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Timoschuk, A. S. « SOCIAL AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA AND SYSTEM CHALLENGES ». Вестник Удмуртского университета. Социология. Политология. Международные отношения 4, no 4 (28 décembre 2020) : 412–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2587-9030-2020-4-4-412-422.
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The texture of the world of increasing complexity is polyionticity, multipolarity, nonlinearity, procedurality, riskiness. Complexity becomes layered, fractally spreading out in micro, macro, mega and meso continua. Sociocultural dynamics, international relations, financial markets are in a situation of global uncertainty. Uncertainty, turned into a category, becomes the main concept of ontology and epistemology, as well as social philosophy, when probability comes into force, which excludes the possibility of unambiguous and accurate linear forecasting of events and phenomena. Culture is not a crossroads where an ethnic group chooses one path and follows it without turning. Neither this is a metaphysical reality with which a man is born. Rather, culture is negotiation, selection, and hybridization. “Russians” is a civic culture, which is not an ethnic designation, given the history of Russia and the number of peoples that make up the wealth of its country. To be a Russian means to be in the rhythm of Eurasia, in its dialectic of settled life and nomadism, cities and villages, Finno-Ugric and Indo-European, Turkic and Mongolian, Uralic and Altai. Today, when the national unity of Russians is hampered by contradictions between the rich and the poor, when more than half of Russians believe that there is no national unity in the country, “every man for himself”, “the people live in poverty”, “there is no single goal, idea, patriotism, solidarity”, Victory in the Second World War is one of the few that unites Russians, their unity in resisting predatory invaders. However, one cannot live by past victories. Equalizing the living standards of Russians can prevent social division. We live in an era of rapid social changes, which our consciousness, our language, our world outlook cannot even keep up with. The state is a living project that needs constant support. This is our resilience. Healthy statehood of Russia is the need for the survival of such a large territory inhabited by different social groups.
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Inzhieva, B. B. « Ontology and epistemology of civil turnover ». Law Gazette of the Kuban State University, no 2 (2022) : 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31429/20785836-14-2-21-27.
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Ezrahi, Yaron. « Technology and the civil epistemology of democracy ». Inquiry 35, no 3-4 (septembre 1992) : 363–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00201749208602299.
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Widodo, Bali, et Egi Nurholis. « REVITALISASI EPISTEMOLOGIS PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN : UPAYA MEMINIMALISIR BENCANA SOSIAL ». Jurnal Artefak 6, no 2 (7 septembre 2019) : 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/ja.v6i2.2583.
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Tujuan tulisan ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana peranan Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan dalam meminimalisir terjadinya bencana sosial. Dalam perjalanan panjang sejarah bangsa Indonesia, diuraikan secara jelas bahwa negara Indonesia dibangun atas adanya perbedaan suku bangsa, budaya, adat istiadat dan agama. Keberagaman ini rentan untuk terjadinya bencana sosial. Ketegangan sosial dan konflik horisontal serta teror masih acapkali terjadi. Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan sebagai pendidikan nilai dan karakter Pancasila menyiapkan generasi muda menjadi warga negara Pancasilais yang cinta tanah air, mempunyai sikap untuk membela negara dan siap berkorban demi keutuhan bangsa dan negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif terhadap realitas yang ada dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan kebenaran ilmiah yang alamiah dengan melakukan penafsiran terhadap fenomena sosial dalam bentuk studi literatur. Dari hasil kajian literatur didapat bahwa revitalisasi epistemologis Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan dapat menguatkan karakter bangsa untuk meminimalisir terjadinya bencana sosial.This paper is intended to find out how is the role of Civic Education in minimizing the social disasters. In the history of Indonesia’s struggle, it is clearly explained that the state of Indonesia is built on the differences in ethnicity, culture, customs and religion. This diversity is vulnerable to social disasters. Terror, social tensions and horizontal conflicts among groups or communities still occur frequently. Civic Education as character education based on Pancasila values prepares young generation to become Pancasilais citizens who love the motherland, have attitudes to defend the country and are ready to sacrifice for the integrity of the nation and state of Indonesia. The research method used is a type of qualitative research that is descriptive towards the existing reality with the purpose of obtaining natural scientific truths by interpreting social phenomenon in the form of literature review. From the results of the literature study it was found that the epistemological revitalization of Civic Education can strengthen the nation's character in order to minimize the social disasters.
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Hapsari, Maharani. « CONTESTING ‘DEFORESTATION’ : CIVIL SOCIETY MOVEMENTS AND KNOWLEDGE CO-PRODUCTION IN INDONESIA ». PCD Journal 6, no 1 (3 mai 2018) : 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/pcd.33763.
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This article explains the emergence of civil society movements around deforestation issue in Indonesia as contestation over knowledge claims that defines ‘deforestation’ as a political term. The term ‘deforestation’, which is translated into ‘perusakan hutan’ in Indonesian forestry laws and regulation, is a product of political epistemology that serve the needs to sustain state-reinforced developmentalism. It is imposed by valorization of modern scientific and technocratic values as well as bureaucratization of the forestry sector. Engaging with critical political ecology literatures, this study unpacks the constitutive interactions among various ways of seeing that redefine state forestry and its implications to the reproduction of political order. ‘Perusakan hutan’ is continuously re-negotiated in the relations between the state and its formative societal elements. Knowledge on addressing deforestation is organized around three contesting epistemologies: conservation, redistribution, and indigeneity. Each epistemology seeks to claim political space in the institutionalization of knowledge that fortifies state’s policies in the forestry sector. Politics of knowledge co-production operates at two levels: between hegemonic knowledge construct and its counter knowledge formation, and within the formation of counter-knowledge through alternative epistemologies.
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El-Diraby, T. E. « Epistemology of Construction Informatics ». Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 138, no 1 (janvier 2012) : 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000392.
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MARSH, DAVID, DAVID RICHARDS et MARTIN J. SMITH. « Understanding and Explaining Civil Service Reform : A Reply to Dowding and James ». British Journal of Political Science 34, no 1 (janvier 2004) : 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123403260397.
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Dowding and James's response to our critique of the bureau-shaping model makes some important criticisms that we welcome. However, we suggest that they ignore the empirical evidence we presented in our original article (because of their narrow definition of acceptable data) and we believe that they misunderstand our arguments because of the positivist paradigm within which they operate. Our response covers three main issues – epistemology, methods and evidence.
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BAKER, ROBERT. « From Metaethicist to Bioethicist ». Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 11, no 4 (29 août 2002) : 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180102114101.
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I was the graduate student that Albert Jonsen so aptly describes. Bronx born and educated at the City College of New York, I emigrated to the Midwest to study at the Minnesota Center for the Philosophy of Science, where May Brodbeck, Herbert Feigl and other “logical positivists” were engaging in an ongoing dialogue with postpositivists like Paul Feyerabend and Karl Popper. In this environment, I studied philosophy of science, epistemology, and metaethics—the epistemology and logic of ethical concepts and language. I even wrote my thesis on the ur-text of the metaethical turn, G. E. Moore's Principia Ethica. Then, like other epistemologists and metaethicists, “a public disaster, the American military involvement in Southeast Asia,” as well as the burgeoning civil rights movement, drew me into the sphere of public debate.
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Remer, Gary. « Hobbes, the Rhetorical Tradition, and Toleration ». Review of Politics 54, no 1 (1992) : 5–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500017162.
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Scholars disagree about whether or not there was a break between Hobbes's earlier, humanistic period and his later, scientific period. This article contends that, when judged on the epistemological level, Hobbes broke with his humanist past by exchanging the probability of the humanists' rhetorical epistemology for the certainty of scientific knowledge. Hobbes believed that only certainty could shield against the anarchy of civil war. Hobbes's rejection of the humanists' epistemology had practical consequences for the issue of religious toleration. The humanists, like the ancient rhetoricians, turned to consensus as the criterion of truth. By relying on consensus, the humanists were able to reduce the area of intolerance; only those beliefs on which there existed a broad-based agreement of the Christian faithful were viewed as essential. Hobbes's rejection of the humanists' epistemology, which included their concept of consensus, also entailed his rejection of their particular defense of toleration. Nevertheless, since Hobbesian political theory is, in principle, neutral on the question of toleration, there is nothing in the logic of Hobbes's argument that would preclude a greater degree of toleration, based on the sovereign's prudential assessment of existing circumstances.
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Fauzan, Muhammad Thoriq, et Syamsul Huda Rohmadi. « Building epistemology of multicultural education to the indigenous Javanese Islam ». Linguistics and Culture Review 5, S3 (4 novembre 2021) : 1076–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5ns3.1667.
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This research is intended to find out the epistemological building of multicultural education in the indigenous Javanese Islam. This theme is important to be investigated because multicultural education is still considered to be lacking. This research uses qualitative research. The data used in this study were sourced from books, journals and written results related to the indigenization (pribumisasi) of Islam, Javanese culture and multicultural education. The study focused on the indigenous Javanese Islam because of the high level of multiculturalism. The results of the study were then analyzed using an interactive data analysis model. The results of the study show that multicultural education components such as integration of content with syncretic Islam, knowledge construction lead to inclusive knowledge, reduction of prejudice with Sufism, equality education with boarding school (pesantren) and culture that empowers practiced by strengthening civil society.
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Udin Saripudin Winataputra et Sumanah Saripudin. « DINAMIKA KONSEPTUALISASI PENDIDIKAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL (PIPS) DAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN (PKn) PADA PENDIDIKAN DASAR DAN MENENGAH (Suatu Telaah Collective Mindset dalam Ranah Historis-Epistemologis) ». Jurnal Pendidikan 12, no 1 (29 août 2011) : 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33830/jp.v12i1.462.2011.
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Generally, the conceptual framework of social studies in United States and in Indonesia includes concept and praxis of education in democracy which are organised in a form of (1) civic/citizenship education as one of the dimensions of goals, content, and processes of social studies; and (2) social studies education. Basically, education in democracy can also be deemed as a subsystem of social studies education, and social studies education. However, as a subsystem of education in democracy civic educationt has shown its uniqueness i.e. it sinergically focussed on the development of individuals potentials to become smart and good citizens. Along the line of the development of the ideals, instrumenst, and praxis of democracy civic/citizenship education has become the academic endeavour, which then is generally called as civic education or citizenship education.
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Macknight, Vicki. « The politics of pedagogy : civics education and epistemology at Victorian primary schools, 1930s and 1950s ». History of Education Review 36, no 2 (14 octobre 2007) : 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/08198691200700009.
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Kastamin, Nurhadi, et Saeful Anwar. « Tinjauan Ontologi, Epistemologi, dan Aksiologi terhadap Guru Profesional ». Jurnal Dirosah Islamiyah 3, no 3 (11 août 2021) : 382–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/jdi.v3i3.483.
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Professional teachers according to the ontology review are teachers who are required to have academic qualifications, competencies, educator certificates, physically and mentally healthy, and have the ability to realize national education goals. As for the epistemological review, to realize a professional teacher there are four stages that must be taken, namely: 1). Provision of university-based teachers, 2). Induction for novice teachers based on school, 3). Professionalization of teachers based on institutional initiatives, and 4). Teacher professionalization on an individual basis or becoming a civil teacher. While axiologically, professional teachers function to elevate dignity, act as learning agents to improve the quality of national education, aim to implement the national education system and realize national education goals. For this dedication, teachers as professional workers are entitled to receive, such as salary or income, respect, appreciation, protection, social welfare and so on. The purpose of this research is to find out in depth the professionalism of teachers by using a theoretical approach to the philosophy of science, namely in terms of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. This research is library research, namely the data needed to complete the research obtained from the library in the form of books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, journals, documents, magazines and so on..
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Dos Santos, Paulo Junior Trindade, et Gabriela Samrsla Moller. « CONQUISTAS DO PROCESSO CIVIL NOS 30 ANOS DE CONSTITUIÇÃO FEDERAL : DA ABERTURA PROCESSUAL COMO ESPAÇO DEMOCRÁTICO PARA DEBATE ». REI - REVISTA ESTUDOS INSTITUCIONAIS 4, no 1 (5 août 2018) : 484–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.21783/rei.v4i2.243.
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A Constituição Federal, foi amplamente relevante para uma profunda reestruturação do sistema jurídico pátrio em uma dupla dimensão: normas processuais Constitucionalizadas e a busca da efetiva tutela jurisdicional. A epistemologia Constitucional ressignifica vários dos institutos processuais, criados com o positivismo exegético ou pela pandectista, de modo que a epistemologia Constitucional supera a visão rígida e rigorosa da mera aplicação da lei, substituída por uma interpretação da Constituição que acaba aderindo aos Direitos Humanos e Direitos Fundamentais. Frente a um cenário de incessantes complexidades sociais, o Processo não pode ser visto como um instituto rígido, devendo ser visualizado em sua potencial amplitude, com especial atenção aos objetos (do processo e do debate processual), passando o contexto a compor os contornos do Direito, horizontalizando a Democracia e concretizando a Constituição em sua amplitude.
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Jensen, Mark N. « Is Our Group An Agent ? Do We Want It To Be ? » Journal of Moral Philosophy 12, no 4 (11 août 2015) : 539–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455243-01204007.
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Christian List and Philip Pettit’s new book, Group Agency: The Possibility, Design, and Status of Corporate Agents, is an interesting, timely, and extremely clever synthesis of the deliverances of their recent technical work on the philosophical, moral and legal nature of group agents. Their meticulously developed ideal group agent provides an excellent starting point for analytic reflection on group agency, identity, epistemology, and responsibility. Insofar as it is their intent for their account to have real world consequences, their model provides a template for political associations, businesses, and civil society organizations. This review essay explains List and Pettit’s model and then points out two unattractive features. First, a bird’s eye view of the conditions required to achieve ideal group agency reveals limitations that may make it impossible to realize. Second, some of these groups, especially businesses and civil society organizations, will find the model unattractive, limiting its real world applicability.
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Romero Caballero, Belén. « Las movidas ecosociales de Fortaleza de la Mujer Maya A. C. Con-fabulaciones, re-existencias y maniobras de retaguardia ». Arte y Políticas de Identidad 26 (30 juin 2022) : 172–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/reapi.530061.
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Fortaleza de la Mujer Maya is a self-managed civil association founded by indigenous Tsotsil and Tseltal women, in February 1994, in San Cristóbal de las Casas (Mexico), in the geopolitical context of the uprising of the Zapatista Army of National Liberation. Although they are known nationally and internationally for their popular theater work, this has not been the only eco-social move. Reflect this, the workshops with women and children from different indigenous and peasant communities of Chiapas who, in 1994 and 1995, came to the city fleeing the violence of the armed conflict, or from previous migrations, because of forced expulsions caused by for religious intolerance. This article will try to show how the pareja and indissoluble articulation with practices located in an ontology and epistemology based on care and other maneuvers to sustain human and non-human life, with-fabled in the kuxlejal lekil, which have as a pedagogical device collective backbone of the popular arts, highlights the scope and particularity of their work as social actors, as well as their political commitment to the transformation of the material and visual culture of indigenous, mestizo and low-income women, and the politics of place. Fortaleza de la Mujer Maya es una asociación civil autogestionada fundada en febrero 1994 por mujeres indígenas tsotsiles y tseltales, en San Cristóbal de las Casas (México), en el contexto geopolítico del levantamiento del Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional. Si bien, son conocidas a nivel nacional e internacional por su trabajo de teatro popular comunitario, esta no ha sido su única movida ecosocial. Dan cuenta de ello, los talleres con mujeres y niños de diferentes comunidades indígenas y campesinas chiapanecas que, en los años 1994 y 1995, llegaban a la ciudad huyendo de la violencia del conflicto armado, o procedentes de migraciones anteriores, consecuencia de expulsiones forzosas causadas por la intolerancia religiosa. Este artículo tratará de mostrar cómo la articulación pareja e indisoluble con unas prácticas situadas en una ontología y epistemología de los cuidados y otras maniobras de sostenimiento de la vida humana y no humana, con-fabulada en el lekil kuxlejal, que tienen como dispositivo pedagógico colectivo vertebrador el teatro y las artes populares, pone de manifiesto el alcance y la particularidad de su trabajo como actoras sociales, así como su compromiso político para la transformación de la cultura material y visual de las mujeres indígenas, mestizas o de escasos recursos, y las políticas del lugar.
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Kreiss, Daniel. « The fragmenting of the civil sphere : How partisan identity shapes the moral evaluation of candidates and epistemology ». American Journal of Cultural Sociology 5, no 3 (25 juillet 2017) : 443–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41290-017-0039-5.
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Santos, Laís Silveira, et Mauricio Custódio Serafim. « Phronesis , Moral Judgment, and Ethical Decision Making : Experiences of Public Managers in the Area of Emergency Management ». Organizações & ; Sociedade 29, no 101 (juin 2022) : 414–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-92302022v29n0017en.
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Abstract The purpose of this article is to investigate how phronesis manifests itself in moral judgment based on the experience of public managers in situations of ethical decisions in the area of emergency management (risk and disaster management). We conducted a literature review on phronesis as a virtue of “acting well.” As methodological procedures guided by a phenomenological epistemology and qualitative approach, an in-depth interview, non-participant observation, and document analysis were conducted. The discussion of data was organized into three sections: context and circumstances in the area of emergency management, experience and tacit knowledge of managers, and cognitive, affective, and reflexive composition of phronesis . Some elements of phronesis are perceptible and contribute to the ethical decision-making process in view of the possibilities of limiting moral judgment, such as the context and contingency circumstances of emergencies, the affective dimension such as empathy, the need for mediation between instrumental aspects and the will to act with compassion, counseling as a reflective element, and memory and learning from past experiences. The conclusion is that, when conditions for moral judgment are not favorable and/or there are limiting factors - such as excess of technical and/or bureaucratic issues, a context of insecurity, and a purpose of protecting human life -, phronesis may help to develop an enlightened knowledge for the individual exposed to reviews, education and clarification about the social, political, and organizational context to which she or he belongs.
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Walby, Sylvia. « The Impact of Feminism on Sociology ». Sociological Research Online 16, no 3 (août 2011) : 158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.2373.
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The paper investigates the impact of feminism on British sociology over the last 60 years. It focuses on changes in the intellectual content of the discipline, including epistemology, methodology, theory, concepts and the fields of economy, polity, violence and civil society. It situates these changes in the context of changes in gendered organisation of sociology, the rise of women's/gender studies, the ecology of social sciences and societal changes, especially the transformation of the gender regime from domestic to public and the neoliberal turn. It concludes that feminism has had a major impact on sociology, but that the process through which this has taken place is highly mediated through organisational, disciplinary and social processes.
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Tulumello, Simone. « Generalization, epistemology and concrete : what can social sciences learn from the common sense of engineers ». Fennia - International Journal of Geography 197, no 1 (29 avril 2019) : 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.11143/fennia.77626.
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In this essay I debate critically, and somehow playfully, some assumptions and shortcomings of quantitative/positivist social research, using a dash of common sense typical of engineers. Civil engineers, in designing concrete structures, particularly those made up of concrete, have to continuously consider the error embedded in the limits of available systems of calculation, ending up adopting substantial factors of safety as counter-measures. The study of resistance of concrete structures is a good metaphor for social research; and yet, quantitative/positivist researchers, in their search for “falsifiable generalizations”, often forget about the omnipresence of error, let alone adopt the factors of safety. In short, the common sense of engineers is useful to casts some not-so-frequently-considered doubts over the capacity of quantitative methods and positivist epistemologies to create generalizable social science findings in face of uncertainty and the complexity of human societies. By casting such doubts, I advocate for a more relaxed (but not less rigorous) approach to social research and its complexity.
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Couto, Heloísa Helena. « Interfaces Epistemológicas em Abordagens Inter e Transdisciplinares, em Revitalização do Ambiente Construído ». Revista Brasileira Multidisciplinar 13, no 1 (11 janvier 2010) : 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.25061/2527-2675/rebram/2010.v13i1.136.
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As deposições clandestinas indiscriminadas dos resíduos da construção civil (RCC) provocam danos enormes e irreparáveis prejuízos ao meio ambiente, causando poluição dos espaços públicos, encurtando a vida útil dos aterros sanitários, promovendo o assoreamento de sub-bacias hidrográficas e onerando os cofres públicos. O objeto deste estudo é a gestão para lidar com os resíduos da construção civil, utilizando-os em intervenções residenciais de aglomerados urbanos. O estudo visa mostrar as interfaces epistemológicas em abordagens interdisciplinares e transdisciplinares do objeto de estudo proposto. A partir da epistemologia e dos conceitos de interdisciplinaridade e transdisciplinaridade procura-se identificar as disciplinas e suas interfaces com o objeto, fazendo uma breve contextualização sobre sustentabilidade e desenvolvimento econômico, materiais, resíduos de demolição, relações sociais. Reciclar resíduos da construção civil pode gerar programas de inclusão social, ao empregar e ao capacitar mão-de-obra desqualificada e também viabilizar a autogestão.
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Zhang, Lu, et Nora M. El-Gohary. « Epistemology-Based Context-Aware Semantic Model for Sustainable Construction Practices ». Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 142, no 3 (mars 2016) : 04015084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001055.
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Morera, Esteve. « Gramsci and Democracy ». Canadian Journal of Political Science 23, no 1 (mars 1990) : 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900011604.
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AbstractIn the Quaderni del Carcere, Antonio Gramsci provided the foundations for a socialist theory of democracy. This theory can be drawn from some of Gramsci's most important concepts: his views of intellectual activity on the one hand, and the conceptions of hegemony and civil society on the other. The former provides a general conception of a non-bureaucratic relationship between leaders and the led, the latter points to a participatory model of political activity. This thesis, however, is formulated within the framework of a realist epistemology in which the class structure is conceived as the long-term determinant of the general historical process. Hence, although Gramsci's thought sheds new light on a non-class domain of political activity, it is constrained by both socio-economic conditions and the realism of available knowledge.
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Samuel, Geoffrey. « Can Doctrinal Legal Scholarship Be Defended ? » Amicus Curiae 4, no 1 (2 novembre 2022) : 43–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14296/ac.v4i1.5487.
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This review article investigates the question whether doctrinal legal scholarship can be defended. And it does so in the light of a new book by Mátyás Bódig that sets out an epistemological defence of this scholarship. The second half of this article critically examines this work, while the first half looks more generally at how doctrinal legal scholarship is defined in the civil and common law traditions and how it has traditionally been defended in the United Kingdom. One secondary question that is considered is whether doctrinal legal scholarship is of any greater value, epistemologically, than scholarship in astrology. The article is sceptical as to whether doctrinal legal scholarship can be defended, except as scholarship providing assistance to the legal profession and judiciary.
Keywords: astrology; Bódig (Mátyás); Dworkin (Ronald); doctrine; epistemology; hermeneutics; methodology; theory.
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Sevalho, Gil. « Apontamentos críticos para o desenvolvimento da vigilância civil da saúde ». Physis : Revista de Saúde Coletiva 26, no 2 (juin 2016) : 611–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-73312016000200014.
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Resumo Apresentam-se, em um ensaio crítico, a ideia e os fundamentos da vigilância civil da saúde. Trata-se de proposta elaborada por Victor Valla na década de 1990, que incorpora à vigilância em saúde a participação da população por meio da educação popular de Paulo Freire. Com o aporte de recursos da Antropologia Interpretativa e da História Nova, faz-se um contraponto entre a vigilância em saúde tradicional, modelada pela vigilância epidemiológica, e a vigilância civil da saúde. Evidenciam-se, então, permanências culturais marcantes na prática da vigilância em saúde desenvolvida hegemonicamente no Brasil. A prerrogativa de cientificidade, que leva à subordinação ao modelo clínico biomédico, a vinculação política à ideia de segurança social e o critério imperativo de urgência, características da vigilância em saúde tradicional, bloqueiam ou dificultam a participação popular. Ao final, vincula-se a vigilância civil da saúde à epistemologia do sul de Boaventura de Sousa Santos. O desenvolvimento da vigilância civil da saúde, que incorpora a participação popular à vigilância em saúde, vem ao encontro das propostas historicamente inscritas na concepção e na evolução da saúde coletiva e do SUS.
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Yang, Changyu. « Methodological consciousness in the systematic study of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China ». Legal Science in China and Russia, no 4 (16 septembre 2021) : 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2587-9723.2021.4.035-042.
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The Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Civil Code) was formally implemented on January 1st, 202. The promulgation and implementation of the Civil Code has become a milestone in the process of the rule of law in China, refl ecting the degree and characteristics of the development of the rule of law in China. Among the many features of the Civil Code, the systematical innovation has become the most remarkable highlight, and the systematical research on the Civil Code has become the focus and hot topic in the academic research on Chinese law. In the research process of scholars, genealogy of law, legal system, the rule of law system and the national governance system are four common categories, each of which refl ects the unique characteristics of China’s civil code from different perspectives and refl ects the consciousness of methodology. The category of genealogy of law shows the cultural characteristics of the civil code. Firstly, from the perspective of the genealogy of law containing cultural factors, the Civil Code integrates the socialist core values with Chinese characteristics, which are showed, for example, in the Marriage and Family chapters and the Right of Personality chapters. Secondly, the category of legal system highlights the normative status of the Civil Code. Observed from the organic integrity of legal system, the Civil Code occupies the core and important position in the socialist legal normative system with Chinese characteristics. Thirdly, the category of the rule of law system explains the characteristics of the new era of the Civil Code. The rule of law system is derived from the innovation of China’s rule of law practice, and is one of the general goals of China’s comprehensive rule of law. In this sense, the formulation and implementation of the Civil Code is an important practice of improving the “complete system of legal norms”. Last but not the least, the category of national governance system outlines the governance characteristics of the Civil Code, and the Civil Code fully implements the governance logic of the overall layout of the country, the Five-sphere Integrated Plan, including the promotion in the areas of economy, politics, culture, society and ecology. The application of the four categories has realized four sorts of transformation of the mode of thinking, namely, from the world’s genealogy of law to the legal system of China, from the form system of the Civil Code to the value system of it, from the generality of civil law system to the particularity of Chinese civil code system and from the normative system of the Civil Code to the national governance system. The transformation of the researching logic refl ects the methodological consciousness in the systematic study of the Civil Code. First of all, the systematic study of the Civil Code has transmitted from ontology through epistemology to the methodological consciousness. Ontological research solves the basic problem of “what is” and clarifi es the basic systematic structure of the Civil Code. The study of epistemology solves the problem of “how to know”, which is embodied the search for the method and path of the cognition of the Civil Code. While, the Methodological research is a re-examination of methods and cognitive approaches, with more refl ective elements, and is a study on the existing systematic research on the Civil Code. Secondly, the four systematic transformations mentioned above refl ect the consciousness of Chinese researchers to take on their mission. Since the founding of new China over the past 70 years, the independent discourse system of the academic research of Chinese scholars and the rule of law has been generated. Seeking the indigenization of the construction of the rule of law in China, seeking the integrity of the knowledge system of law and the rule of law system in China, seeking the harmonious relationship between the characteristic theories and the general theories in the process of the production of Chinese legal knowledge, etc., belong to the question of the age. Therefore, the methodology consciousness in the study of the Civil Code shows the Chinese researchers’ consciousness to take on the burden of the coming era. Third, it should be noted that the methodological consciousness also reveals some problems in the current research on the Civil Code: (1) the researchers should avoid being merely the porters of certain concepts and categories when applying the basic categorical methods, and shall be fully understand each category in the specifi c areas and the latest achievements of related research, avoiding taking the words simply literally; (2) the related various systems and categories should be interpreted basing on the spirit of the age and the characteristics of the rule of law in China, and we should pay attention to the differences and organic links between them; (3) the four categories mostly often be applied by the researchers from the internal system of the civil code, lacking of the comprehensively combination of the internal and external perspectives.
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Stewart, Terah J. « “Where We Are, Resistance Lives” : Black Women, Social Media, and Everyday Resistance in Higher Education ». JCSCORE 5, no 2 (11 décembre 2019) : 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2642-2387.2019.5.2.1-31.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The discourse about activism (and problematic conflations with resistance) typically offer comparisons to the 1960’s Civil Rights Movement, examine first and second wave feminism, and situate apathy and fatigue as opposite from resistance. Using a qualitative research design (Merriam, 2009; 2002), Black feminist thought (Collins, 1990), and endarkened feminist epistemology (Dillard, 2006); this study examined the experience of 6 collegiate Black women and their resistance through engagement of the hashtag, #BlackGirlMagic. Specifically, the inquiry explored how and why participants used the hashtag and investigated connections that give nuance to activism and resistance through community building, digital counterspace creation, and connections to higher education broadly. Findings include how participants conceptualize and define resistanceand how #BlackGirlMagic serves as one way they can and do engage in resistance; and the author explores relevant implications for colleges and universities.