Bibliographies thématiques / Chronic Alcohol Abuse

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Chronic Alcohol Abuse »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Chronic Alcohol Abuse"

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Andersson, Sture, Erja Halmesmäki, Martti Koivusalo, Risto Lapatto et Olavi Ylikorkala. « Placental Alcohol Metabolism in Chronic Alcohol Abuse ». Neonatology 56, no 2 (1989) : 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000243107.

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Büttner, Andreas. « Neuropathology of Chronic Alcohol Abuse ». Academic Forensic Pathology 4, no 2 (juin 2014) : 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.23907/2014.029.

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Caradoc-Davies, Gillian. « Feigned Alcohol Abuse ». British Journal of Psychiatry 152, no 3 (mars 1988) : 418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.152.3.418.

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A man presenting with factitious alcohol abuse and its alleged complications is described. It is argued that chronic factitious disorders are more logically viewed as part of that spectrum of conditions where there is abnormal illness behaviour, including somatoform disorders and other related conditions, than as separate nosological or diagnostic entities.
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Maleki, Nasim, et Marlene Oscar-Berman. « Chronic Pain in Relation to Depressive Disorders and Alcohol Abuse ». Brain Sciences 10, no 11 (7 novembre 2020) : 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10110826.

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Chronic pain disorders have been associated separately with neuropsychiatric conditions such as depression and alcohol abuse. However, in individuals who suffer from non-cancer chronic pain disorders, it is not clear if the burden of depressive disorders is similar for those with and without a history of alcohol abuse. Using data from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), we found depressive disorders to have a high burden in men and women with a history of alcohol abuse, independently of the presence or absence of chronic pain. We also found that, although the incidence of persistent depressive disorder was comparable in men and women with a history of alcohol abuse, and significantly higher than in control men and women, the incidence of a major depressive episode was higher in women with a history of alcohol abuse independently of the presence or absence of chronic pain. The age of onset of depressive disorders, independently of pain status, was younger for individuals with a history of alcohol abuse. The findings of this study have important implications for the clinical management of individuals who suffer from chronic pain comorbidly with depression and/or alcohol abuse.
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Levine, Harris et Morgan. « Energy expenditure in chronic alcohol abuse ». European Journal of Clinical Investigation 30, no 9 (septembre 2000) : 779–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2362.2000.00708.x.

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Bechtler, M., D. Schilling et J. F. Riemann. « Chronic alcohol abuse and increasing dysphagia ». DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 130, no 27 (juillet 2005) : 1641–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-871883.

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Nguyen, Tom, M. Mazen Jamal et Timothy R. Morgan. « Alcohol abuse and chronic hepatitis C ». Current Hepatitis Reports 6, no 3 (août 2007) : 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11901-007-0014-7.

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Fernandez Miranda, J. J., D. F. Frías Ortiz, F. C. Maria Francina, P. Rossi et O. W. Muquebil Ali Al Shaban Rodríguez. « Alcoholic hallucinosis after chronic alcohol abuse : A case report ». European Psychiatry 41, S1 (avril 2017) : s861—s862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1721.

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IntroductionAlcoholic hallucinosis is a rare complication of chronic alcohol abuse and a prevalence of 0.6–0.7% in alcoholics has been reported.Case reportA 54-year-old Indian immigrant in Barcelona was referred for psychiatric evaluation in April 2016 by due of his behavioral alterations. Evaluation revealed that he was apparently asymptomatic when he come to Spain, 18 years ago. He had been consuming alcohol since 1974 and gradually the frequency and quantity increased to 600 mL of rum daily by 1996. He complained of hearing voices of family members, being irritable even when he was alone and in catatonic phases. He was found to be gloomy, reclusive, not sleeping and talking to oneself. He used to have sleep disturbances; irritability and tremors when temporarily stopped alcohol consumption. He presented a clinical abstinence syndrome, with pharmacological resistance to benzodiazepine perfusion: it was necessary to use dexmedetomidine an Alpha2-agonist with sedative and analgesic properties. After 12 days of medical treatment on UCI, he recovered from abstinence syndrome and was transferred to psychiatry ward. Blood analysis showed raised aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging brain revealed bilateral lateral ventricle enlargement with narrowing of lower end of Aqueduct of Sylvius. He was treated with oral paliperidone. The dose was gradually increased to 18 mg/day and he responded quickly. In the follow-up, he was abstinent from alcohol, compliant with treatment and free from all kinds of hallucinations after medication adherence and psychotherapy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Peycheva, K., et E. Boteva. « Effect of Alcohol to Oral Health ». Acta Medica Bulgarica 43, no 1 (1 mars 2016) : 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amb-2016-0009.

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SummaryAccording to the World Health Organization there are almost two billion people worldwide who consume alcohol on a regular basis. It’s a common abuse and almost 80 million are diagnozed with “alcohol abuse disorders” (WHO 2002, 2004). Excessive alcohol consumption is related to more than 60 different medical conditions, as suicide, homicide and different forms of accidents. Some conditions are acute, while other conditions such as liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis, haemorrhagic stroke and various forms of cancer, are chronic consequences. Non-carious destructions of teeth like dental erosion are also associated with frequent alcohol consumption, because of precipitation of salivary proline-rich proteins caused by polyphenols present in most alcoholic drinks. The high concentration of organic and inorganic acids and the habit of keeping the alcoholic drink in the mouth can cause chronic inflammations of the soft tissues in the mouth and can increase the negative side effects from metals of crowns, bridges, orthodontic devises and various restorations. A literature review has been made due to the authors clinical observations and experiences.
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Lee, Dong Hun, Jong Sung Lee, Il Ho Lee et Jin Tae Hong. « Therapeutic potency of fermented field water-dropwort (Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC.) in ethanol-induced liver injury ». RSC Advances 10, no 3 (2020) : 1544–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra08976d.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Chronic Alcohol Abuse"

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Vingren, Jakob L. « Effect of Chronic Alcohol Abuse and Resistance Training on the Skeletal Muscle Androgen Receptor Concentration of Rats ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4540/.

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The purpose was to examine the effect of chronic alcohol abuse on the androgen receptor content (AR) in skeletal muscle, and to determine if this effect was influenced by resistance training. Thirty-four male rats (456 ± 1 g; mean ± SE) were divided into 4 groups: Sham exercise-Ethanol, Sham exercise-Normal diet, Exercise-Ethanol, and Exercise-Normal diet. Both Exercise groups underwent a 6-week "squat" resistance training protocol and both Ethanol groups received an alcohol-rich diet throughout the 6-week period. Western blot analysis showed no effect of alcohol or resistance training on the AR of the extensor digitorum longus. For the rectus femoris, alcohol caused a decline in the AR (p=0.01). This reduction was not attenuated by resistance training. The AR of the soleus was not affected by chronic alcohol abuse alone; however, the resistance training induced increase in the AR was prevented by chronic alcohol abuse (p=0.03).
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Clinkinbeard, Tiffanie. « CHRONIC PANCREATITIS, PAIN, AND ANXIETY IN AN ALCOHOL AND HIGH FAT MOUSE MODEL ». UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gerontol_etds/9.

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Homeodynamic space (HDS) shrinks as vulnerability increases with aging and repeated damage to the cells. HDS is lost in alcoholic pancreatitis patients due to overconsumption of alcohol, smoking, and high fat diets. Etiologically relevant animal models for study of chronic pancreatitis (CP) are needed. In order to begin filling this gap a central purpose of this dissertation research was to examine relationships between the alcohol and high fat diet (AHF) and pancreatitis with attention to hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behaviors. The AHF diet induced pancreatitis described here etiologically mimics human risk factors of AHF consumption for advancement to alcoholic CP. In this study one group of mice was fed long term with a diet of high fat and alcohol for comparison with a group fed normal chow. Mice consumed a liquid diet containing 6% alcohol and a high fat supplement ad libitum over a period of five months. Each group was evaluated for heat and mechanical hypersensitivity, and histology indicative of CP. The association of pancreatitis pathology with anxiety has been understudied. Anxiety, like pain, is useful as a transient state but when anxiety is prolonged it is termed a disorder. Anxiety is often comorbid with pain and depression. Therefore, it is important to determine anxiety in mice with CP histology. This model was characterized for the interaction of pancreatitis histology, as well as persisting pain-, anxiety-, and fear-like behaviors. The AHF diet mice developed hypersensitivity, demonstrated anxiety-like behaviors, and showed concurrent histology consistent with CP. Nontransgenic mouse models where pancreatitis is induced only by a combination of ad libitum liquid food with added alcohol and lard supplementation do not currently exist, nor has an in-depth study of anxiety-like behaviors been conducted in this mouse model. This dissertation research addresses this knowledge gap.
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Alasmari, Fawaz Fayez. « Chronic Exposure to Electronic Cigarette Vapor-Containing Nicotine and Co-Exposure to Alcohol and Nicotine : Effects on Glial Glutamate Transporters, Nicotinic Receptors and Neurotransmitters ». University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1525349376479605.

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Mann, Alexander Charles. « Serum protein glycosylation in alcoholic liver disease ». Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323479.

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KOUTRAKOS, ANDREW. « Phosphatidylethanol as a Biomarker for Chronic Alcohol Abuse : Analytical and Interpretation Aspects ». Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/991350.

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Lockwood, Robert Morgan. « The Effect of Ethanol on the Metabolism of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate ». Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/942777.

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L’alcol etilico e il GHB (neurotrasmettitore endogeno, farmaco per il trattamento della narcolessia e della astinenza alcolica, droga d’abuso utilizzata nei rave party e nei casi di violenza sessuale) mostrano alcune caratteristiche funzionali e strutturali in comune. In particolare gli stessi agiscono come depressori del sistema nervoso centrale e mostrano un uguale gruppo funzionale idrossilico. Su questa base è possibile ipotizzare una interazione tra alcol etilico e GHB.Lo scopo del presente lavoro era valutare mediante esperimenti in vitro ed in vivo l’influenza dell’alcol etilico sul metabolismo del GHB.Gli esperimenti in vitro erano basati sulla valutazione della modifica dell’attività dell’enzima succinaldeide deidrogenasi in presenza di alcol etilico. E’ stato verificato che in presenza di elevate concentrazioni di alcol etilico (4g/l) c’era una inibizione dell’attività dell’enzima con conseguente aumento della succicinil-semialdeide (SSA).Gli esperimenti in vivo erano basati sulla valutazione della modifica di concentrazione di GHB endogeno in due popolazioni, una di soggetti con un’intossicazione acuta da alcol (n=18) e l’altra di abusatori cronici di alcol (N=25). E’ stata rilevato un aumento statisticamente significativo delle concentrazioni sieriche di GHB endogeno rispetto al controllo in entrambe le popolazioni. In conclusione, gli studi in vitro ed in vivo hanno concordemente confermato l’influenza dell’alcol etilico sul metabolismo del GHB. Ciò è molto rilevante sia per meglio comprendere il meccanismo d’azione di queste due sostanze sia per l’interpretazione dei casi forensi.
IntroductionGamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is drug of interest to forensic toxicologists both as a drug of abuse and as a drug frequently implicated in drug facilitated sexual assaults (DFSA). At the same time, GHB is also an endogenous metabolite of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and a known neurotransmitter found in the mammalian brain. Illicit GHB use frequently involves co-ingestion of other substances, the primary compound being ethanol. While anecdotal reports state that the effects of GHB are worse when taken with ethanol, evidence from published animal studies indicates that there exists a pharmacokinetic interaction. Aim of the research projectThe aims of the present study were to present a review on the pharmacokinetics of endogenous and exogenous GHB and to experimentally determine and characterize the influence of ethanol on the metabolism of GHB in an in vitro and an in vivo study. Materials and methodsThe literature review covered the metabolism of endogenous GHB as well discussing the studies performed to in an attempt to determine an interpretative cut-off for the distinction between exogenous and endogenous GHB concentrations employed in forensic cases. In addition, pharmacodyanamics and pharmacokinetics of exogenous GHB were discussed with special attention paid to ethanol-GHB interactions.In the experimental studies an in vitro enzymatic study examined succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and the effect ethanol had on its ability to oxidize succinic semialdehyde (SSA) to succinic acid (SA) using spectrophotometry. In the in vivo study, a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method was developed and validated for the purpose of measuring endogenous GHB concentrations in serum. The endogenous GHB concentrations of serum samples from human subjects with chronic alcohol use, characterized by their increased percentage of carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) were compared to the GHB concentrations from serum specimens found to have a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of over 0.5 g/L using a headspace-gas chromatography (HS-GC) method. The quantified GHB concentrations from both groups (acute and chronic ethanol use) were compared to GHB concentrations in serum from individuals who had not consumed ethanol and had low CDT values. Statistical tests evaluated any significant differences in GHB concentrations measured between groups. ResultsEthanol, at 4 g/L, was found to be a competitive inhibitor at the SSADH enzyme in this study. From a Lineweaver-Burke plot, a Michaelis constant (Km) for SSADH of 49 µM was determined in the absence of ethanol and a Km of 60 µM found in the presence of ethanol. The Vmax of our assay was 5.74 x 10-4 µmol/L/sec in both the absence and presence of ethanol. The LC/MS results of the control group for measured endogenous GHB ranged from 18 -38 ng/mL, and a median concentration of 27 ng/mL. The endogenous GHB concentrations of subjects with a high BAC were found to be from 33 ng/mL up to 361 ng/mL; median of 61 ng/mL, while the chronic alcohol use group held concentrations from 18 -171 ng/mL, median value of 43.5 ng/mL. Applying the Mood’s Median test, a significant difference (p < 0.0001) was found for both the acute and chronic alcohol use groups compared to the median of the control group. The serum concentrations of endogenous GHB in the control group matched well with previous research studies discussed in the literature review. ConclusionsThis dissertation is the first to report increased endogenous GHB serum concentrations in human subjects as a consequence of simultaneous alcohol intoxication. An increase in the endogenous concentration was also observed in subjects with chronic alcohol abuse, characterized by their CDT score. This study also provides evidence that SSADH metabolism of SSA can be competitively inhibited by ethanol at higher concentrations.The studies presented here provide insight into forensic cases with combined GHB and ethanol intoxications.
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Lávičková, Jana. « Medikace opioidních analgetik na lékařský předpis s alkoholem nebo jinou návykovou látkou ve věkové kohortě 50-64 let ». Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-310201.

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Background Based on the gathered data from the previous pilot study and the results of this study we proceeded to the following study which is being focused on the surveillance of the age group 50 - 64 years in the area of prescribed opioid analgesics. Alongside with this, we explored in what possible combinations the medications can be used by the chronic pain patients in the current moment. Methods The base of the research was the qualitative study which was performed by the half-structured deep interview with the participants from the chronic pain patients. The interviews were carried out during the year 2011. Within the main study were pursued two quantitative substudii during the January and March 2012. The first study was focused on the questionnaire survey about the number of the chronic pain patients in the Czech Republic. The second substudy followed the chronic pain patients and their influence by the environmental conditions with the help of the questionnaire in case of the combinations among the prescribed opioid analgesics with alcohol or non-alcohol addictive drugs. Results Half-structured interviews were carried out with 20 participants and with the help of this tool were gathered data pointing out the increasing trend in non-medical use of opioid analgesics and increasing interest...
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Livres sur le sujet "Chronic Alcohol Abuse"

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409) : Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409) : Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Emily, Amerman, Philadelphia Corporation for Aging et United States. Administration on Aging, dir. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409) : Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409) : Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409) : Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409) : Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409) : Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409) : Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Schneider, Barbara. Clinical protocol series for care managers in community based long-term care. Philadelphia, PA (642 North Broad St., Philadelphia 19130-3409) : Philadelphia Corporation for Aging, 1995.

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Double-Jeopardy : Chronic Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders (Chronic Mental Illness, Vol 3). Routledge, 1995.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Chronic Alcohol Abuse"

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van Thiel, David H., et Judith S. Gavaler. « Endocrine Effects of Chronic Alcohol Abuse ». Dans Alcohol and the Brain, 69–79. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9134-1_3.

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Pragst, Fritz. « Toxicological Markers of Chronic Alcohol Abuse ». Dans Handbook of Forensic Medicine, 1099–107. Oxford, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118570654.ch61.

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O’Brien, Charles P. « Treatment of alcoholism as a chronic disorder ». Dans Toward a Molecular Basis of Alcohol Use and Abuse, 349–59. Basel : Birkhäuser Basel, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7330-7_35.

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Hill, D., V. A. Waldorf, J. D. Lewine, S. L. Provencal, T. Moyers et R. Yeo. « Magnetic Source Imaging in the Evaluation of Chronic Alcohol Abuse ». Dans Biomag 96, 1011–13. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1260-7_245.

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Hendin, MD, Herbert, et Ann Pollinger Haas, PhD. « The Adaptive Significance of Chronic Marijuana Use for Adolescents and Adults ». Dans Alcohol and Substance Abuse in Adolescence, 99–116. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315804354-5.

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Briken, Peer, Yasemin Yamak et Wolfgang Berner. « Substance Abuse and Sexual Offending ». Dans Sex Offenders, sous la direction de Fabian M. Saleh, John M. Bradford et Daniel J. Brodsky, 419–33. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190884369.003.0019.

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This chapter studies the effects of acute and chronic substance use on sexual offending. A significant proportion of sexual offenders suffer from substance use disorders. Most of the studies that have a non–sexual violent offender control group showed that more sex offenders than non–sexual violent offenders abused alcohol. For drug abuse, mixed results were found. Substance use seems to be more prevalent in rapists than in child molesters and more frequent in nonparaphilic than in paraphilic sexual offenders. Ultimately, the nature of the relationship between substance use and sexual offending is complex and confounded with several factors. Acute and long-term effects of alcohol probably play a contributive but not a primary causal role in sexual offending. Substance abuse also plays a significant role in risk assessment and relapse prevention and should be considered in treatment options more specifically.
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Worrall, Simon. « The Effect of Diet on Protein Modification by Ethanol Metabolites in Tissues Damaged in Chronic Alcohol Abuse ». Dans Nutrition and Alcohol, 219–48. CRC Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203507636.ch13.

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Rowbotham, Michael C. « Opioids ». Dans Neuropathic Pain, sous la direction de Nadine Attal et Didier Bouhassira, 171–78. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197616345.003.0029.

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Abstract This chapter presents the case of a man with failed back surgery syndrome and neuropathic pain in the leg who has a past history of psychoactive drug and alcohol abuse. He received strong opioids soon after his injury and continues to use oxycodone and hydromorphone for breakthrough pain; he never received first-line antineuropathic drug. Strong opioids are not recommended as first line for chronic neuropathic pain but, rather, only as last choice. Current or past alcohol or psychoactive drug abuse are red flags for problematic opioid use, Opioid tolerance develops very soon after opioid initiation, but opioid-induced hyperalgesia is not yet proven to be a common clinically relevant phenomenon.
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Maes, Tine, et Geert Dom. « Alcohol, other psychoactive substance use disorders, and suicide ». Dans Oxford Textbook of Suicidology and Suicide Prevention, sous la direction de Danuta Wasserman et Camilla Wasserman, 275–84. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834441.003.0033.

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Up to 90% of the individuals who complete suicide meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder. Specifically, substance use disorders (SUD) are highly prevalent and frequently associated with an increased risk of suicidal behaviours. Growing evidence shows that this also counts for behavioural addictions, such as gambling. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders such as major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and personality disorder, with SUD, increase the risk. Pathways underlying the relationship between substance abuse and suicidality are multifactorial; the short-term effect of intoxication, impulsivity as trait and state, neurobiological consequences of chronic substance abuse, and accumulating adverse life events all contribute. Assessment and management of suicidality within SUD patients are mandatory for suicide prevention. Further, the evidence is growing that treatment of SUD in itself can reduce suicidality risk. Finally, and from a prevention perspective, decreasing substance use on a general population level is associated with decreases of population-level suicidality.
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Negrete, Juan C., et Kathryn J. Gill. « Aetiology of alcohol problems ». Dans New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 432–37. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0056.

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Approximately 8 out of every 10 persons living in Europe and the Americas would report consuming alcoholic beverages in their lifetime, and the norm is for drinking to start in adolescence: in 2003 the average age of first drink in the United States was 14 years old. Also in the year 2003, 79.3 per cent of persons aged 15 years or more in Canada reported to be current users of alcohol, and 22.6 per cent admitted to having exceeded the country's safe drinking guidelines (i.e. no more than 14 units/week for males and 12 units/week for females). The same survey elicited a rate of ‘hazardous drinkers’ of 13.6 per cent, defined as all respondents who scored 8+ on the AUDIT screening questionnaire.Epidemiological data in the United States indicates that roughly one in seven persons who start drinking will develop an alcohol dependence disorder in the course of their lives. The figure is higher among men when compared to women. Of course it is also higher if other clinical forms of alcohol misuse (i.e. alcohol abuse/harmful drinking) are included in the rates in addition to dependence. A moderate level of alcohol use appears to be relatively harmless; and there exist public health guidelines on ‘safe’ drinking practices. The recommendations vary considerably from country to country, but they all assume a greater vulnerability to alcohol effects in the female gender. In the United Kingdom, for instance, hazardous drinking is thought to start at 21 units/week for men and 16 units/week for women; and in the United States the equivalent guidelines are 14 and 7 drinks per week. It is among alcohol users who exceed such guidelines that the prevalence of dependence is the highest; up to 40 per cent of the more frequent violators. The expression ‘alcohol problems’ encompasses a wide range of untoward occurrences, from maladaptive, impaired, or harmful behaviour, to health complications and the condition of alcohol dependence. Alcohol problems are not incurred just by chronic excessive drinkers, but also by persons who drink heavily on isolated occasions (e.g. accidents, violence, poisoning, etc.). Given their high frequency and social costs, these consequences of acute inebriation represent the most significant public health burden of drinking. This section focuses rather on the causes of problems of a clinical nature, the ones presented by individuals who engage in patterns of repeated excessive drinking, i.e. ‘alcohol dependence’ and ‘alcohol abuse’ (DSM-IV nomenclature) or ‘harmful drinking’ (ICD-10 nomenclature).
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Chronic Alcohol Abuse"

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Kuchinskaya, E. V., et T. S. Apanasenka. « ENZYMATIC ANALYSIS OF BLOOD SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC LIVER INTOXICATION ». Dans SAKHAROV READINGS 2021 : ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-1-278-281.

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Alcohol abuse is a serious medical and social problem. Long-term alcohol intake has a negative effect on all organs, but the liver is most susceptible to its influence, since it is in the liver that ethanol is oxidized. The term alcoholic liver disease is used to refer to the many changes in the liver associated with alcohol. It manifests itself in three main clinical and morphological forms - alcoholic steatosis, accounting for 60-90% of cases of alcoholic liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis, observed in 10-30% of cases, and alcoholic liver cirrhosis in 8-20% of cases. Alcoholic liver disease accounts for 30% of all forms of chronic diffuse liver diseases [2].
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Lazko, Alexey, Larisa Udochkina et Nina Losovskaya. « Histochemical changes of the lung tissue in experimental chronic alcoholic intoxication ». Dans Innovations in Medical Science and Education. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsms.nrjc3772.

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Among organ systems in the human body affected by alcohol abuse, the lungs are particularly vulnerable to infections and injury. Chronic alcoholism causesalterations in host defence of the upper and lower airways, disruption of alveolar epithelial barrier integrity, alcohol-induced ciliary lesions and alveolar macrophages dysfunction. Currently with a spread of SARS-COV 2 infections which instantly destroys the lung tissue, the alcohol-induced lung damage issues acquire vital importance, as they might further increase severity of lesions of lung tissue in the infected alcohol abusers.Recent investigations suggest that the effect of the chronic excessive alcohol consumption and SARS-COV 2 infection on the lungs might have similar and thus synergizing mechanisms. Therefore the mechanism of the lung tissue lesions in chronic alcohol intoxication need to be scrutinized, including the time-line of their development, to be able to develop more effective preventive measures. The objective of the study is to assess histochemical changes in the lung tissue of laboratory animals with chronic alcohol intoxication of different duration. Total of 48 outbred male white mice weighing 18-22 g were enrolled in the study. The experimental animals were exposed to alcohol for 1, 2 and 3 months by the semi-voluntary intake, using 20% alcohol as the only source of fluid, while control animals were getting drinking water. At the end of experiment the lung tissue of the mice was processed histologically and histochemically for alcoholic dehydrogenase (ADH), glucose-6-phasphate-dehydrogenae (G6PDH), alkaline (ALP) and acidic (AP) phosphatases, nonspecific esterase (NE) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Image analysis of the histological slides was performed using Image Pro Plus software. Statistical differences were assessed using paired t-test. Chronic alcohol consumption causes metabolic lesions in the alveolar epithelium and endothelium of alveolar capillaries revealed by an increase in the activity of ADH, G6PD and NE paralleled with a decrease in the total SDH activity of the respiratory portion of the lungs in a time-related pattern. High activity of alkaline phosphatase was noted in endothelial cells of lung capillaries. Thus, under conditions of chronic intoxication, ethanol disturbs cell metabolism, as evidenced by the changes of the enzymatic activity in the lung tissue which leads to inhibition of oxygen-dependent metabolic processes and activation of reserve mechanisms for compensating of energy deficits.
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Rodríguez, Derly Judaissy Díaz, Jeffrey Andrés Díaz Rodríguez, Diva Constanza Gil Forero et María Paula Pineda Díaz. « Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and other chronic neurological syndromes related to alcohol abuse : prevention in people without home ». Dans XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.686.

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Introduction: The homeless population has a high prevalence of alcoholism and consumption of other drugs, which also means that they are at greater risk of developing all complications resulting from alcohol abuse. (MILER et al, 2021). The medical attention for homeless population is a device of the Unified Health System that claims social, health policies and the guarantee of fundamental rights (BRASIL, 2009). Methods: Evaluation of protocols and referral flows for the treatment of patients with ‘mental disorders and due to alcohol use’, of the medical attention for homeless population in the city of Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro), between April / 2020 and April 2021, data from e-SUS, and literature review. Results: The city of Petrópolis (Rio de Janeiro) registered 259 people without home, 84.8% are men, all people are adults between 20-74 years old, 98% are born Brazilians, 92% reported alcohol consumption, and alcohol with other drugs 61% (cocaine, crack, marijuana, solvent, tobacco). There was 3 patients with diagnose of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome: 2 men and 1 woman (aged 60-65 years) in the period from April 2020 - April 2021 (BRAZIL, 2021 The medical attention for homeless population approach to alcoholism includes the CAGE and AUDIT tests, symptomatic treatment and brief psychological interventions. aimed at weaning, and the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale Revised scale to quantify the degree of abstinence. However, the majority of users do not want total cessation, generally they choose to reduce consumption (secondary prevention), and later recovery and reintegration into society, highlighting that self-help groups and social assistance have a prominent role (tertiary prevention) (MARSCHARLL; GREGANTI, 2002; LONGO, et al., 2013). Conclusion: Despite confounding / aggravating factors such as social determinants in health, and the difficulties of the health network, the medical attention for homeless population is fundamental in the secondary and tertiary prevention of neurological diseases due to chronic alcohol consumption; complex cases require complex interventions, that is, individualization, adaptation and flexibility.
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« PV-004 - THE COMPLEXITY OF DUAL PATHOLOGY : REGARDING A CASE REPORT OF SEIZURES ». Dans 24 CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE PATOLOGÍA DUAL. SEPD, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/abstractbooksepd2022.pv004.

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Objectives: Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a potentially reversible neuropsychiatric emergency caused by thiamine deficiency, whose classical triad consists of confusion, ataxia, and oculomotor dysfunction. The diagnosis is missed in 75-80% of cases and approximately 80% of untreated patients develop Korsakoff Syndrome, whereby recognition of nutritional deficiency or any portion of the triad should prompt treatment. We present a case of a 44-year-old Ukrainian man with suspected background of chronic alcohol abuse and psychiatric history of schizoaffective disorder, who presented with acute onset of confusion, psychomotor agitation, gait ataxia and nystagmus. Anamnesis was hampered by the language barrier and absence of past medical history and patient's alcoholic habits remained unclear. After suspicion of WE it was introduced thiamine and diazepam, with significant improvement. After discontinuation of diazepam, the patient presented with several episodes of tonic-clonic seizures. Starting from this case report, we pretend to discuss the differential diagnosis of seizures in dual pathology. Materials and methods: Clinical records and Pubmed search using the keywords: Wernicke’s Encephalopathy, Seizures, Alcohol, Benzodiazepines. Results and conclusions: Seizures are a common presentation of various conditions associated with alcohol use, whose differential diagnosis is difficult, especially in patients with dubious alcohol consumption. Alcohol abuse is a major precipitant of status epilepticus as seizure threshold is raised by alcohol drinking. Seizures may also occur during alcohol withdrawal for which treatment with benzodiazepines is recommended, however carefully, since both abrupt cessation and high-dose use are critical for the appearance of seizures. Although very rare, WE may also present with seizures, whereby overdiagnosis and overtreatment are preferred to prevent persistent neurocognitive impairments. At discharge the diagnostic discussion prevailed and the patient was medicated for seizures with clinical stabilization. The complexity of psychiatric diagnoses in dual pathology requires a longitudinal assessment for a better understanding of clinical conditions as illustrated here.
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Baschung, Jonas, et Farshideh Einsele. « Finding Correlation between Chronical Diseases and Food Consumption from 30 Years of Swiss Health Data Linked with Swiss Consumption Data using FP-Growth for Association Analysis ». Dans 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Fuzzy Logic System (AIFZ 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.121609.

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Objective: The objective of the study was to link Swiss food consumption data with demographic data and 30 years of Swiss health data and apply data mining to discover critical food consumption patterns linked with 4 selected chronical diseases like alcohol abuse, blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes. Design: Food consumption databases from a Swiss national survey menu CH were gathered along with data of large surveys of demographics and health data collected over 30 years from Swiss population conducted by Swiss Federal Office of Public Health (FOPH). These databases were integrated and Frequent Pattern Growth (FP-Growth) for the association rule mining was applied to the integrated database. Results: This study applied data mining algorithm FP-Growth for association rule analysis. 36 association rules for the 4 investigated chronic diseases were found. Conclusions: FP-Growth was successfully applied to gain promising rules showing food consumption patterns lined with lifestyle diseases and people’s demographics such as gender, age group and Body Mass Index (BMI). The rules show that men over 50 years consume more alcohol than women and are more at risk of high blood pressure consequently. Cholesterol and type 2 diabetes is found frequently in people older than 50 years with an unhealthy lifestyle like no exercise, no consumption of vegetables and hot meals and eating irregularly daily. The intake of supplementary food seems not to affect these 4 investigated chronic diseases.
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Hlady, Ryan A., Rochelle Tiedemann, William Puszyk, Chen Liu, Jeong-Hyeon Choi et Keith D. Robertson. « Abstract 2309 : Identification of common and unique epigenetic signatures of chronic hepatitis infection and alcohol abuse in human liver disease ». Dans Proceedings : AACR Annual Meeting 2014 ; April 5-9, 2014 ; San Diego, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-2309.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Chronic Alcohol Abuse"

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Tabunov, I. A., T. N. Mikhalenko, L. D. Kuznetsova, A. V. Suetova et M. A. Shilovskiy. METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WORKING WITH CHILDREN IN A SOCIALLY DANGEROUS SITUATION. Cherepovets State University, décembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0619.03122022.

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Statistics show that in recent years there has been an increase in the number of families falling into a socially dangerous situation. According to statistics provided by the departments for juvenile affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in Cherepovets, the number of crimes in 2021 decreased by only 2.1% compared to 2020. This was influenced by objective factors, in particular the low standard of living, "chronic" unemployment, alcohol abuse, drug use. Having embarked on such a path, the family degrades socially and morally, condemning children to the same existence. It is not surprising that children leave home, spend most of their time on the street, thereby replenishing antisocial groups. Thus, we can say that the current system of working with children of the SOP is not effective enough, since there is no clear algorithm for working with children in a socially dangerous situation. Therefore, methodological recommendations for working with children were developed by the SOP, which includes a telephone communication script for employees of the youth center, as well as a clear and understandable algorithm for working with children in a socially dangerous situation. These guidelines for working with children of SOP are clear and easy to use, and most importantly, they do not require special psychological knowledge, skills and abilities.
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