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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Chilean margin"

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Heredia, N., J. García-Sansegundo, G. Gallastegui, P. Farias, R. Giacosa, J. L. Alonso, P. Busquets et al. « Evolución Geodinámica de los Andes argentino-chilenos y la Península Antártica durante el Neoproterozoico tardío y el Paleozoico Late Neoproterozoic-Paleozoic geodynamic evolution of the Argentine-Chilean Andes and the Antarctic Peninsula ». Trabajos de Geología 36, no 36 (12 septembre 2018) : 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/tdg.36.2016.237-278.

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Resumen: Durante el Neoproterozoico tardío y el Paleozoico, el actual segmento argentino-chileno de la Cordillera de los Andes y desde finales del Paleozoico la Península Antártica, formaron parte del margen suroccidental de Gondwana. Durante este periodo de tiempo, a dicho margen se fue acrecionando un conjunto de fragmentos continentales de tamaño y aloctonía variable, dando lugar en el Paleozoico a seis orogenias de diferente extensión temporal y espacial: Pampeana (Ediacárico-Cámbrico temprano), Famatiniana (Ordovícico Medio-Silúrico), Chánica (Devónico Medio-Carbonífero temprano), Oclóyica (Ordovícico Medio-Devónico), Gondwánica (Devónico Medio-Pérmico medio) y Tabarin (Pérmico tardío-Triásico). Todas estas orogenias son colisionales, salvo la Tabarin y la Gondwánica al sur de los 38º S.Palabras clave: Evolución geodinámica, Paleozoico, Andes argentino-chilenos, Península Antártica, Orógeno Oclóyico, Orógeno Famatiniano, Orógeno Chánico, Orógeno Gondwánico, Orógeno Tabarin.Abstract: During the late Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic times, the Argentine-Chilean Andes, -and since the late Paleozoic the Antarctic Peninsula,- formed part of the southwestern margin of Gondwana. During this period of time, several continental fragments of variable extensión and allochtonie were successively accreted to that margin, resulted in six Paleozoic orogenies of different temporal and spatial extension: Pampean (Ediacaran-early Cambrian), Famatinian (Middle Ordovician-Silurian), Chanic (Middle Devonian-early Carboniferous), Ocloyic (Middle Ordovician-Devonian), Gondwanan (Middle Devonian-middle Permian) and Tabarin (late Permian-Triassic). All these orogenies had a collisional character, with the exception of the Tabarin and the Gondwanan south of 38º S.Keywords: Geodynamic evolution, Paleozoic, Argentine-Chilean Andes, Antarctic Peninsula, Ocloyic orogen, Famatinian orogen, Chanic orogen, Gondwanan orogen, Tabarin orogen.
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Vargas-Cordero de la Cruz, Ivan, Michela Giustiniani, Umberta Tinivella et Giulia Alessandrini. « A review of the gas hydrate distribution offshore Chilean margin ». E3S Web of Conferences 230 (2021) : 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123001007.

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In last decades, the Chilean margin has been extensively investigated to better characterize the complex geological setting through the acquisition of geophysical data and, in particular, seismic lines. The analysis of seismic lines allowed identifying the occurrence of gas hydrates and free gas in many places along the margin. Clearly, the gas hydrate reservoir could be a strategic energy reserve for Chile, but, on the other hand, the dissociated of gas hydrate due to climate change could be an issue to face. Moreover, this region is characterized by large and mega-scale earthquakes that may contribute to gas hydrate dissociation and consequent submarine slides triggering. In this context, Chilean margin should be considered a natural laboratory to study the hydrate system evolution.
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Stuut, J. B. W., M. Marchant, J. Kaiser, F. Lamy, M. Mohtadi, O. Romero et D. Hebbeln. « The late quaternary paleoenvironment of Chile as seen from marine archives ». Geographica Helvetica 61, no 2 (30 juin 2006) : 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-61-135-2006.

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Abstract. Many variables have been used to reconstruct Chilean paleoenvironmental changes during the late Quaternary. In this paper we present an overview of a number of these variables, so-called proxies, that have been inferred from marine sediments from the Chilean continental margin and summarise the results. In general, a glacial-interglacial pattern of climate changes can be recognised in the proxy records with high-frequency variabilities superposed. The synthesis shows that the records in the Southeast Pacific are clearly dominated by a high-latitude climate forcing mechanism and that there is a noticeable gradual increase of tropical forcing moving from south to north along the South American continental margin.
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Merino-Campos, Víctor, Ricardo De Pol-Holz, John Southon, Claudio Latorre et Silvana Collado-Fabbri. « Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Age Along the Chilean Continental Margin ». Radiocarbon 61, no 1 (1 octobre 2018) : 195–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2018.81.

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ABSTRACTWe present 37 new radiocarbon (14C) measurements from mollusk shells fragments sampled along the Chilean continental margin and stored in museum collections with known calendar age. These measurements were used to estimate the modern pre-bomb regional marine 14C age deviations from the global ocean reservoir (∆R). Together with previously published data, we calculated regional mean ∆R values for five oceanographic macro regions along the coast plus one for a mid-latitude open ocean setting. In general, upwelling regions north of 42ºS show consistent although sometimes highly variable ∆R values with regional averages ranging from 141 to 196 14C yr, whereas the mid-latitude open ocean location of the Juan Fernández archipelago and the southern Patagonian region show minor, ∆R of 40±38 14C yr, and 52±47 14C yr respectively. We attribute the alongshore decreasing pattern toward higher latitudes to the main oceanographic features along the Chilean coast such as perennial coastal upwelling in northern zone, seasonally variable upwelling at the central part and the large freshwater influence upon the southern Patagonian channels.
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Alessandrini, Giulia, Umberta Tinivella, Michela Giustiniani, Iván de la Cruz Vargas-Cordero et Silvia Castellaro. « Potential Instability of Gas Hydrates along the Chilean Margin Due to Ocean Warming ». Geosciences 9, no 5 (21 mai 2019) : 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9050234.

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In the last few years, interest in the offshore Chilean margin has increased rapidly due to the presence of gas hydrates. We have modelled the gas hydrate stability zone off Chilean shores (from 33° S to 46° S) using a steady state approach to evaluate the effects of climate change on gas hydrate stability. Present day conditions were modelled using published literature and compared with available measurements. Then, we simulated the effects of climate change on gas hydrate stability in 50 and 100 years on the basis of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and National Aeronautics and Space Administration forecasts. An increase in temperature might cause the dissociation of gas hydrate that could strongly affect gas hydrate stability. Moreover, we found that the high seismicity of this area could have a strong effect on gas hydrate stability. Clearly, the Chilean margin should be considered as a natural laboratory for understanding the relationship between gas hydrate systems and complex natural phenomena, such as climate change, slope stability and earthquakes.
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Fontaine, Consuelo Martínez, Giuseppe Siani, Guillaume Delpech, Elisabeth Michel, Gustavo Villarosa, Fatima Manssouri et Julius Nouet. « Post–glacial tephrochronology record off the Chilean continental margin (∼41° S) ». Quaternary Science Reviews 261 (juin 2021) : 106928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106928.

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ARAYA, JUAN FRANCISCO, et ANDREW J. GOODAY. « First record of a Xenophyophore (Rhizaria : Foraminifera) on the Chilean margin ». Zootaxa 4455, no 3 (3 août 2018) : 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4455.3.16.

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Xenophyophores are a group of large foraminifera, confined to deep-sea habitats below ~500 m, whose often fragile agglutinated tests may attain sizes up to 10–15 cm or more; their agglutinated tests incorporate a variety of foreign particles (termed ‘xenophyae’), including mineral particles, foraminiferan and radiolarian tests, diatom frustules and sponge spicules, and form structures ranging from simple tubes, plates and rounded lumps to complex folded, branching or reticulated formations (Tendal, 1972). Xenophyophores are widely distributed around the world, particularly in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans with comparatively few records from the Indian Ocean and from Arctic and Antarctic seas; they occur at all depths in the oceans from ~500 m to >10,900 m (Tendal, 1972, 1996) and are particularly abundant in regions of high surface production, for example beneath upwelling zones, or on seamounts and sloped topography where particle flux is high (Levin and Gooday, 1992). There are scant records regarding xenophyophores in the SE Pacific. Species of the order Stannomida are recorded from the Ecuador and Peru margins (north of ~12°S) (Tendal 1972: Figs 18, 19), while species of the order Psamminida are common in the DISCOL experimental area of the Peru Basin (~7° 4ˈS, 88° 28’W; ~4150 m depth). Maybury and Evans (1994) illustrated two specimens of an undescribed Psammina species collected during the 1989 DISCOL campaign, but otherwise these collections remain largely unpublished.
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Vargas-Cordero, I., U. Tinivella, F. Accaino, F. Fanucci, M. F. Loreto, M. E. Lascano et C. Reichert. « Basal and Frontal Accretion Processes versus BSR Characteristics along the Chilean Margin ». Journal of Geological Research 2011 (12 septembre 2011) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/846101.

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Multichannel seismic reflection data recorded between Itata (36°S) and Coyhaique offshores (43°S) were processed to obtain seismic images. Analysis of the seismic profiles revealed that weak and discontinuous bottom simulating reflectors were associated to basal accretion processes, while strong and continuous bottom simulating reflectors were associated to frontal accretion processes. This can be explained considering that during basal accretion processes, extensional tectonic movements due to uplifting can favour fluid escapes giving origin to weaker and most discontinuous bottom simulating reflectors. During frontal accretion processes (folding and thrusting), high fluid circulation and stable tectonic conditions however can be responsible of stronger and most continuous bottom simulating reflectors. Along the Arauco-Valdivia offshores, steep accretionary prisms, normal faults, slope basins, and thicker underplated sediment bed were associated to basal accretion, while along the Itata, Chiloe and Coyhaique offshores, small accretionary prisms, folding, and thinner underplated sediment bed were associated to frontal accretion.
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Muratli, J. M., Z. Chase, A. C. Mix et J. McManus. « Increased glacial-age ventilation of the Chilean margin by Antarctic Intermediate Water ». Nature Geoscience 3, no 1 (13 décembre 2009) : 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ngeo715.

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Hamdan, Leila J., Patrick M. Gillevet, Masoumeh Sikaroodi, John W. Pohlman, Rebecca E. Plummer et Richard B. Coffin. « Geomicrobial characterization of gas hydrate-bearing sediments along the mid-Chilean margin ». FEMS Microbiology Ecology 65, no 1 (juillet 2008) : 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00507.x.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Chilean margin"

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Vargas, Cordero Ivan De La Cruz. « Gas hydrate occurrence and Morpho-structures along Chilean margin ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3207.

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2007/2008
During the last decades, the scientific community spent many efforts to study the gas hydrates in oceanic and permafrost environments. In fact, the gas hydrate occurrence has a global significance because of the potential energy resource represented by the large amount of hydrocarbon trapped in the hydrate phase. Moreover, it may play a role in global climate change, and it is also study because of the hazard that accumulations of gas hydrate may cause to drilling and seabed installations. In seismic data, the base of the gas hydrate presence is detected by a strong reflector, called BSR. Along the Chilean continental margin, in the last decades the BSR is well reported by several geophysical cruises. In particular, the BSR is recognized along the accretionary prism. An important aspect related to the gas hydrates is the estimate of gas concentration in the pore space by using seismic data. In fact, both compressional and shear wave velocities provide information about the presence of gas hydrate and free gas in marine sediments. A quantitative estimate of gas hydrate and free gas concentrations can be obtained by fitting the theoretical velocity to the experimental velocity. For this purpose, in this Thesis several seismic data are analyzed in order to detect, quantify and explain the gas hydrate presence in this region. Frontal and basal accretions were identified by interpreting six post-stack time migrated sections, which across the entire margin (continental shelf, continental slope, oceanic trench and oceanic crust). The trench infill southwards of Juan Fernandez Ridge is characterized by a succession of reflectors with high and low amplitude associated to turbidites. A thinner bed (0.3 s) was recognized in correspondence to the accretionary prism characterized by several morphological highs. These morphological highs were associated to different accretional stages. On the contrary, a thicker bed (0.8 s) was recognized in correspondence to an uplifted accretionary prism characterized by a smoother topography. Basal and frontal accretions can be related to the morpho-structures recognized in this part of the Chilean margin. Negative and positive flower structures can help to explain the deformational variability of the Chilean margin, because negative flowers structures are associated to transtensional domain, where the continental slope morphology is characterized by normal faults, submarine erosive channels and slump heads. Positive flower structures, instead, are associated to transpresional domain and could explain the presence of older re-activated thrusts, slightly deformed slope basins. Moreover a strike-slip component affecting the oceanic crust, can also involve the continental margin, in fact on the continental slope, positive and negative flower structures can be associated to strike-slip faults parallel to the coast or to Riedel shear. The BSR is an important indicator of gas hydrate and free gas presence and we performed a processing to enhance its presence. In all analysed sections, the BSR was recognized in correspondence to an ancient accretionary prism with different seismic characteristics along the margin. A strong and continuous BSR was recognized in the northern sector (offshore Itata) and southern sector (offshore Coyhaique), while a discontinuous and weak BSR was recognized in the central Chile (offshore Arauco and Valdivia). In order to quantify the gas-phase, an advanced processing was performed. Two portions of sections were selected of about 20 km length. The first one is located in the central part (offshore Arauco) and another one is located in the southernmost part (offshore Coyhaique). In the Coyhaique offshore, the seismic section evidences the presence of a structural high that acts as structural trap for the gas and the fluid upwards migrating. Here, the BSR depth varies from 250 mbsf (in the middle of the accretionary prism) to 130 mbsf (in the structural high), reaching its maximum (330 mbsf) in the fore-arc basin. This depth variability is partially due to the different water depth and partially to the variable geothermal gradient, which varies from 35 to 95° C/km, caused by fluid migration that modifies the gas hydrate stability field. In the Arauco offshore, the BSR is strong and continuous only in a limited area, where it is possible suppose that the fluid is accumulated below the gas hydrate layer and, somewhere, the fluid reaches the seafloor. In this area, the BSR depth reaches 500 mbsf. Here, the higher BSR depth with respect to offshore Coyhaique can be justified by the high water depth and the presence of a lower geothermal gradient (about 30° C/km). The results allowed us to recognize a high (2200 m/s) and low (1270 m/s) velocity layers associated to gas hydrate and free gas presence respectively. The highest gas hydrates and free gas concentrations were detected in the Coyhaique offshore (at 44.5 °S) with an average of 12% and 1% of total volume respectively. By using the instantaneous amplitude, in particular using the BSR/seafloor ratio, it is possible conclude that the section located northernmost in offshore Itata (close to 36 °S; RC2901-728 section), can be considered an interesting reservoir of gas hydrates and free gas, because of the high estimated values of the BSR/seafloor ratio (>0.5). This study suggests that the gas hydrate can play an important role in this part of the Chilean margin for two main reasons. The first one is related to the potentiality of the hydrate reservoir. In fact, the local high concentrations of both hydrate and free gas, as suggested by previous and our studies, could be considered as a future energy resources. The second one is related to the important geo-hazard related to the gas hydrate destabilization. For example, high amount of the free gas, presumably in overpressure condition (Coyhaique offshore), could be naturally released and trigger submarine slides, inducing hydrate instability. Moreover, a possible strong earthquake could generate anomalous sea waves, which could affect at vicinity coast, inducing the gas hydrate destabilization.
XX Ciclo
1977
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Kapinos, Gerhard [Verfasser]. « Amphibious magnetotellurics at the South-Central Chilean continental margin / Gerhard Kapinos ». Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025939638/34.

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Chalbaud, A. Daniel [Verfasser]. « Imaging the Chilean continental margin using seismic wide-angle data / Daniel Chalbaud ». Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1024743810/34.

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Agurto, Detzel Hans. « Seismotectonics of the southern subduction Chilean margin revealed by recent aftershock sequences ». Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2012. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/8553/.

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Subduction margins, as in the case of south-central Chile, are active seismotectonic environments and locus of the world largest earthquakes. In this thesis, two segments of the south-central Chilean subduction margin are studied: (A) the southernmost portion, at the termination of the Nazca-South America convergence (~46ºS), and (B) the segment located between 34º-38ºS, where the Mw 8.8 Maule Earthquake took place in 2010. Analysis of data from a local seismic network deployed in 2004-2005 in area A, indicates low levels of background seismicity with magnitudes ranging 0-3.4 Ml. The seismicity corresponds to shallow crustal events, mostly occurring within the upper 10 km. A third of the seismicity is associated to volcanic activity present in the area, while scarce seismicity is associated with a large strike-slip fault, the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault System (LOFS), that intersects the region along the arc in a N-S-trend. In 2007, this region was affected by a seismic sequence with a peak of activity associated with a Mw 6.2 earthquake in April that year. A local seismic network was deployed after this main event in order to study its sequence of aftershocks, which provided a unique opportunity to characterise seismotectonically this area that usually lacks intermediate magnitude seismicity, including the calculation of a new local velocity model, accurate aftershock locations and computation of focal mechanisms. The results show P-wave velocities of ~5 km/s for the upper 5 km in accordance with the geology of the area, and low S-wave velocities for the upper 3 km of crust due to rock fracturing and the presence of fluids. An average Vp/Vs ratio of 1.76 was calculated for the region. The alignment of most of the aftershocks within the LOFS plus obtained focal mechanisms, indicate that this sequence had tectonic origin related to the re-activation of the LOFS. Further, a maximum seismogenic depth of about 15 km was determined for the entire region. Regarding area B, affected by a large megathrust earthquake in 2010, the study of moment tensor solutions for the sequence of aftershocks provided new insight into the distribution of postseismic activity relative to co-seismic slip and the release of seismic afterslip. Thrust aftershocks dominate the postseismic activity, but also normal faulting was detected in the outer-rise area and in the overriding plate near the coastline. The largest seismically released afterslip is located between the two main patches of co-seismic slip. Large aftershocks (M>4) occur along the megathrust interface, in zones of intermediate co-seismic slip associated to stress introduced on dislocation tips with high co-seismic slip contrast. On the other hand, smaller events (M<4) tend to occur in areas of large co-seismic slip, and might indicate a more diffuse distribution within the damage zone of the megathrust plane. It is likely that these smaller events are associated to secondary processes (fluid release, re-activation of secondary structures). Although belonging to the same subduction margin, the seismotectonics and earthquake patterns of the two areas investigated here show different underlying tectonic regimes. For the northern area, locus of the 2010 Mw 8.8 Chile earthquake, inter-plate thrust seismicity is dominant both in term of quantity of events and moment release. Conversely, the southern area presents only shallow intra-plate crustal seismicity mainly occurring in the arc, where Quaternary volcanism and the LOFS are present.
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Rehak, Katrin, Manfred Strecker et Helmut Echtler. « DEM supported tectonic geomorphology : the Coastal Cordillera of the South-Central Chilean active margin ; [Poster] ». Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://www.uni-potsdam.de/imaf/events/ge_work0602.html.

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Fluvial systems are one of the major features shaping a landscape. They adjust to the prevailing tectonic and climatic setting and therefore are very sensitive markers of changes in these systems. If their response to tectonic and climatic forcing is quantified and if the climatic signal is excluded, it is possible to derive a local deformation history.
Here, we investigate fluvial terraces and erosional surfaces in the southern Chilean forearc to assess a long-term geomorphic and hence tectonic evolution. Remote sensing and field studies of the Nahuelbuta Range show that the long-term deformation of the Chilean forearc is manifested by breaks in topography, sequences of differentially uplifted marine, alluvial and strath terraces as well as tectonically modified river courses and drainage basins.
We used SRTM-90-data as basic elevation information for extracting and delineating drainage networks. We calculated hypsometric curves as an indicator for basin uplift, stream-length gradient indices to identify stream segments with anomalous slopes, and longitudinal river profiles as well as DS-plots to identify knickpoints and other anomalies. In addition, we investigated topography with elevation-slope graphs, profiles, and DEMs to reveal erosional surfaces.
During the first field trip we already measured palaeoflow directions, performed pebble counting and sampled the fluvial terraces in order to apply cosmogenic nuclide dating (10Be, 26Al) as well as provenance analyses.
Our preliminary analysis of the Coastal Cordillera indicates a clear segmentation between the northern and southern parts of the Nahuelbuta Range. The Lanalhue Fault, a NW-SE striking fault zone oblique to the plate boundary, defines the segment boundary. Furthermore, we find a complex drainage re-organisation including a drainage reversal and wind gap on the divide between the Tirúa and Pellahuén basins east of the town Tirúa. The coastal basins lost most of their Andean sediment supply areas that existed in Tertiary and in part during early Pleistocene time. Between the Bío-Bío and Imperial rivers no Andean river is recently capable to traverse the Coastal Cordillera, suggesting ongoing Quaternary uplift of the entire range.
From the spatial distribution of geomorphic surfaces in this region two uplift signals may be derived: (1) a long-term differential uplift process, active since the Miocene and possibly caused by underplating of subducted trench sediments, (2) a younger, local uplift affecting only the northern part of the Nahuelbuta Range that may be caused by the interaction of the forearc with the subduction of the Mocha Fracture Zone at the latitude of the Arauco peninsula. Our approach thus provides results in our attempt to decipher the characteristics of forearc development of active convergent margins using long-term geomorphic indicators. Furthermore, it is expected that our ongoing assessment will constrain repeatedly active zones of deformation.



Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Musterdynamik und Angewandte Fernerkundung
Workshop vom 9. - 10. Februar 2006
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Kellner, Antje. « Different styles of deformation of the fore arc wedge along the Chilean convergent margin : insights from 3D numerical experiments ». Phd thesis, Potsdam Geoforschungszentrum, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988617056/34.

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Kellner, Antje [Verfasser]. « Different styles of deformation of the fore arc wedge along the Chilean convergent margin : insights from 3D numerical experiments / Antje Kellner ». Potsdam : Geoforschungszentrum, 2007. http://d-nb.info/987287893/34.

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Rey, Hernández-González Álvaro Felipe del. « Permian-Triassic plutonism in the chilean frontal Andes (28°-28° 30'S) : a key evidence of the geodynamic evolution of the Southwestern margin of Pangea and its implications to the Andean Orogenesis ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/143564.

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Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Geología Geólogo
Tradicionalmente, el magmatismo del Pérmico tardío Triásico ha sido atribuido a un periodo caracterizado por intensas condiciones extensionales. Varias hipótesis han sido propuestas para explicar la extensión continental observada, incluyendo el cese de la subducción y desprendimiento del slab. No obstante, todas aquellas ideas sólo explican el magmatismo de manera local y fallan en dar un marco tectónico regional para todo el magmatismo de aquel periodo a lo largo del margen continental chileno argentino. Asimismo, tampoco entregan una explicación clara de cómo aquella configuración tectónica cambió y dio origen a la subducción Andina al comienzo del Jurásico, ni tampoco entregan relaciones genéticas con el resto de la actividad ígnea coetánea observada a lo largo del margen. Esta investigación aporta nuevas perspectivas para el plutonismo del Paleozoico tardío Triásico de la Cordillera Frontal Chilena usando nuevas edades U Pb en zircón (SHRIMP II, LA-ICPMS); isotopos de O, Lu Hf, Sm Nd, Rb Sr y Re Os; y análisis geoquímicos de elementos mayores y trazas. Una detallada comparación con unidades coetáneas que extienden desde los 21° hasta los 40°S permite presentar un nuevo modelo a escala regional para aquel periodo de tiempo, a la vez de su conexión con la Orogénesis Andina. Los resultados indican que el plutonismo estudiado presenta una tendencia continua desde elevados niveles de influencia continental (Carbonífero medio) hacia signaturas más mantélicas (Triásico). A pesar de su continuidad, es posible separar la actividad ígnea entre unidades con o sin afinidades mantélicas hace 270 Ma (Pérmico medio) usando valores isotópicos de δ18O. Además, anomalías negativas de Nb Ta en conjunto con anomalías positivas de Pb, permiten inferir magmatismo de subducción durante todo el periodo estudiado. Por su parte, signaturas de εNdi y 87Sr/86Sri evidencian una fuente proveniente de la corteza continental inferior la cual se vio afectada por diversos componentes corticales. El magmatismo del Carbonífero medio Pérmico tardío se encuentra caracterizado por valores altos de δ18O (δ18O>6.5 ) y bajos de εHfi (εHfi<0); es predominantemente metaluminoso, calco-alcalino a calco-alcalino de alto K y mayoritariamente del tipo I. Estas características describen plutones formados a partir de magmas relacionados con subducción, los cuales se emplazaron en una corteza continental de espesor normal a engrosado, lugar donde adquirieron el aporte de material cortical y/o la influencia de sedimentos. La simultánea ocurrencia del evento orogénico San Rafael (aprox. 284 276 Ma) permite describir un ambiente orogénico para el magmatismo: la Orogénesis Gondwánica, proceso ligado a la formación del supercontinente de Pangea. Al sur de los 31°S, la ausencia de magmatismo posterior a los 300 Ma en el territorio chileno puede ser explicada a partir de la progresiva somerización del slab, la cual eventualmente terminó con el establecimiento de un segmento de flat slab (en Chile) durante gran parte del Pérmico temprano (300 290 Ma). Este proceso no solo restringió el magmatismo en Chile, al mismo tiempo lo desplazó hacia el este, hacia territorio argentino, en donde magmatismo tipo I relacionado a subducción puede ser observado entre 33° y 36°S. El magmatismo del Pérmico medio Triásico presenta valores bajos de δ18O (δ18O<6.5 ) y más positivos de εHfi (εHfi = -3 to +3); y es predominantemente peraluminoso, calco-alcalino a calco-alcalino de alto K, y del tipo I, S y A. En términos generales, sus patrones de elementos traza evidencian condiciones de corteza continental adelgazada. Zonación química Oeste Este (i.e., granitoides de arco del tipo I ocurren en mayor abundancia hacia el Oeste, mientras que granitos de intraplaca del tipo A más hacia el Este en los Andes Frontales Chilenos, 28° 28°30'S) permiten inferir condiciones extensionales en un ambiente de subducción causado por slab rollback con consecuente colapso del orógeno. La condición de slab rollback provocó extensión intensa y su relacionado magmatismo en la región de tras arco con respecto al arco magmático previo (Carbonífero medio Pérmico medio). Parte del consiguiente magmatismo se produjo debido a anatexis de una corteza continental inferior adelgazada, la cual se fundió debido a la acumulación de basaltos formados después de la descompresión causada durante el colapso del orógeno; al mismo tiempo con magmatismo asociado a subducción. De manera análoga al periodo anterior, el magmatismo extensional al sur de los 31°S fue desplazado hacia el continente (hacia Argentina) debido a una somerización del slab, o flat slab, al mismo tiempo de preponderantes condiciones de slab rollback. La razón detrás la extensión producto de rollback recae en bajas velocidades de subducción durante el periodo del supercontinente Pangea. Cuando Pangea comenzó su desmembramiento (ca. 200 Ma), un aumento en la velocidad de subducción finalizó las condiciones de slab rollback. La consiguiente actividad ígnea fue desplazada hacia el Oeste (en territorio chileno), en posible asociación con un aumento en el ángulo de subducción, ocurriendo principalmente en la cuña mantélica sobreyaciente al slab. Finalmente, este proceso explicaría la transición entre el magmatismo Triásico y Jurásico, es decir, al momento del inicio de la Orogénesis Andina.
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Boyce, Marto Daniel Ignacio. « Modelo de evolución tectónica y paleogeográfica del margen andino en Chile Central durante el cretácico medio - tardío : El registro estructural y sedimentario en la formación Las Chilcas ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/136442.

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Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Geología
Geólogo
En los últimos años, diversos estudios han señalado la existencia de una primera fase orogénica en los Andes durante el Cretácico medio a Tardío. No obstante, las evidencias directas de este evento son escasas, lo que deja abierta la pregunta respecto al real impacto de esta fase en el margen andino. En este contexto, se estudiaron las estructuras, la cronología, estratigrafía, sedimentología y proveniencia sedimentaria de la Formación Las Chilcas. Nuevas dataciones U-Pb en circones de niveles ígneos y sedimentarios de la Formación Las Chilcas permiten fijar su edad entre los 105 y 82 Ma, siendo esta dividida en cuatro miembros: Pitipeumo (105 100 Ma), Tabón (100 93 Ma), Ñilhue (92 90 Ma) y El Calvario (89 82 Ma). Conjuntamente se ha decidido separar de la base de la Formación Las Chilcas a la Formación Cerro Morado (116 106 Ma). La estructura y la estratigrafía estudiada permiten concluir que, tras un largo período de extensión durante el Cretácico Temprano, se habría iniciado, en Chile central, a aproximadamente 105 Ma, la inversión de las cuencas que acomodaron los miles de metros de lavas de la Formacion Veta Negra. Esta inversión habría permitido el desarrollo del Monoclinal El Melón, cuya carga litostática habría generado una fuerte subsidencia que desarrolló una incipiente cuenca de antepaís, depositándose en ésta el Miembro Pitipeumo. Posteriormente, durante el Cenomaniano, el proceso de inversión generó el Anticlinal Cerro Blanco, cuya erosión provocó la acumulación de cientos de metros de conglomerados sinorogénicos, correspondientes a abanicos aluviales y sistemas fluviales, asignados al Miembro Tabón. A continuación, durante el Turoniano, se instaura un sistema sedimentario de agua dulce de extensión regional (Miembro Ñilhue) mientras continúa la compresión registrada en la Falla Los Maquis. Finalmente, el establecimiento de un volcanismo importante, entre los 89 y 82 Ma (Miembro El Calvario), constata un corrimiento hacia el este del arco volcánico, a la vez que suaves pliegues y una suave discordancia con la sobreyacente Formación Lo Valle, ponen en evidencia que la compresión continuaba. Los datos de proveniencia sedimentaria de la Formación Las Chilcas permiten observar una secuencia de destechamiento de las formaciones del Cretácico Temprano. Los mismos datos sugieren que producto de la inversión se habrían exhumado otra cuenca que habría acomodado los depósitos del arco jurásico, ubicada posiblemente más al oeste. Así, la Formación Las Chilcas representa los depósitos sinorogénicos del antepaís más proximal, acumulados durante un evento de inversión que se extendió, en Chile central, desde los 105 a los cerca de 80 Ma.
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Reginato, Collados Gabino Luciano. « Estudio sísmico de reflexión del margen continental chileno a los 20°S ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2019. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/172667.

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Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Geofísica
En este trabajo, utilizando los disparos del R/V M.G. Langseth se obtiene un modelo bidimensional (2D) de velocidad de onda P, en las líneas MC06 (perpendicular a la fosa) y MC32 (paralela a la fosa) del proyecto PICTURES (Pisagua/Iquique Crustal Tomography to Understand the Region of the Earthquake Source), por medio de una modelación directa de reflexiones y refracciones de ondas P, para caracterizar estructuras del margen convergente del norte de Chile. Con los modelos de velocidad se transforman los perfiles de reflexión en tiempo (Two Way Travel Time) a profundidad de reflectores, lo cual nos permite hacer interpretaciones del modelo de velocidad y correlacionar las zonas de cambios importantes de velocidad con estructuras geológicas observadas en los perfiles. Hasta la fecha no existen otros modelos detallados de velocidad en la zona de estudio de este proyecto, por lo que obtención de modelos de velocidad son un aporte para entender la estructura del margen en la zona de ruptura del terremoto de Iquique (Mw 8.1,2014). Este estudio permite también identificar la zona del prisma frontal y la cuña continental fracturada y determinar su extensión horizontal, determinar la geometría del contacto interplaca en la zona cercana a la fosa y estudiar las variaciones norte-sur de la cu na continental y la geometría del contacto, que pueden correlacionarse el patrón de ruptura del terremoto de Iquique 2014. Los resultados del modelo de velocidad y el perfil de reflexión muestran que, en la línea MC06 perpendicular a la fosa, existe un peque no prisma frontal con velocidades de 2-3 km/s, con un rápido aumento de velocidad hacia el continente. Hacia el continente observamos un basamento, del cual aumenta gradualmente su velocidad y que se encuentra cubierto por una capa delgada de sedimentos, la cual se engrosa notablemente en la parte superior del talud, donde se ubica la cuenca de Iquique con espesor sedimentario de unos 2 km. Se identifica además un extenso fallamiento normal, el cual abarca prácticamente la totalidad del talud. En la línea MC32 encontramos que las velocidades de la zona frontal son similares en general. En la zona norte se observa un reflector intermedio importante entre el fondo oceánico y el techo de la placa oceánica. Este reflector estaría asociado a una zona de basamento bajo una capa de sedimentos, producto de la disminución del tamaño del prisma y un leve alejamiento de la línea con respecto a la fosa. Como conclusión se obtienen resultados consistentes con otros trabajos y con la tectónica de la zona. Los resultados se interpretan como evidencia de erosión por subducción, que provoca el colapso de la placa cabalgante mediante gran cantidad de fallas normales y un fracturamiento de zona frontal de la cuña continental.. Se identifica también un pequeño prisma de acreción que podría estar actuando como una zona asímica, explicando la distribución del réplicas del terremoto de Iquique.
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Livres sur le sujet "Chilean margin"

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Las marinas realista y patriota en la independencia de Chile y Perú. Madrid : Ministerio de Defensa, 1996.

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La Lancha Torpedera "Alianza" y la ruptura del bloqueo de Arica en la Guerra del Pacífico. Lima, Perú : La Casa del Libro Viejo, Librería-Editorial, 2009.

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Texas School Performance Review (Agency). A report from the Texas School Performance Review : Marlin Independent School District. Austin, Tex : Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts, 2003.

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Admiral of the Amazon : John Randolph Tucker, his confederate colleagues, and Peru. Charlottesville : University Press of Virginia, 1990.

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(Agency), Texas School Performance Review. A report from the Texas School Performance Review : North Forest Independent School District. Austin, Tex : The Review, Texas Comptroller, 2002.

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(Agency), Texas School Performance Review. A report from the Texas School Performance Review : Kerrville Independent School District. Austin, Tex : The Review, Texas Comptroller, 2002.

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(Agency), Texas School Performance Review. A report from the Texas School Performance Review : Progress report, Wilmer-Hutchins Independent School District. Austin, Tex.] : Texas School Performance Review, Texas Comptroller, 2003.

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(Agency), Texas School Performance Review. A report from the Texas School Performance Review : Lasara Independent School District. Austin, Tex. (P.O. Box 13528, Austin, 78711-3528) : Texas School Performance Review, Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts, 2002.

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(Agency), Texas School Performance Review. A report from the Texas School Performance Review : San Perlita Independent School District. Austin, Tex. (P.O. Box 13528, Austin, 78711-3528) : Texas School Performance Review, Texas Comptroller of Public Audits, 2002.

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(Agency), Texas School Performance Review. A report from the Texas School Performance Review : Ingram Independent School District. Austin, Tex : The Review, Texas Comptroller, 2002.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Chilean margin"

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Álvarez, Orlando, Mario Giménez, Federico Lince Klinger, Andrés Folguera et Carla Braitenberg. « The Peru-Chile Margin from Global Gravity Field Derivatives ». Dans The Evolution of the Chilean-Argentinean Andes, 59–79. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67774-3_3.

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Vargas-Cordero, Iván, Michela Giustiniani, Umberta Tinivella, Lucia Villar-Muñoz et Giulia Alessandrini. « Gas Hydrate and Free Gas Along the Chilean Continental Margin ». Dans World Atlas of Submarine Gas Hydrates in Continental Margins, 403–13. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81186-0_34.

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Contreras-Reyes, Eduardo. « Structure and Tectonics of the Chilean Convergent Margin from Wide-Angle Seismic Studies : A Review ». Dans The Evolution of the Chilean-Argentinean Andes, 3–29. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67774-3_1.

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Lamy, Frank, Matthias Prange, Helge W. Arz, Vidya Varma, Jerome Kaiser, Rolf Kilian, Jens Hefter, Albert Benthien et Gesine Mollenhauer. « The Southern Westerlies During the Holocene : Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Chilean Lake, Fjord, and Ocean Margin Sediments Combined with Climate Modeling ». Dans Integrated Analysis of Interglacial Climate Dynamics (INTERDYNAMIC), 75–81. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00693-2_13.

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DaSilva, Jana L., et John B. Anderson. « Glacial Marine Seismic Facies in a Southern Chilean Fjord ». Dans Glaciated Continental Margins, 198–202. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5820-6_74.

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Stravers, Jay A., et John B. Anderson. « A Late Glacial Readvance Moraine in the Central Chilean Fjords ». Dans Glaciated Continental Margins, 94–95. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5820-6_35.

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Strayers, Jay A. « Glacial Tectonism and Deformation of Marine Sediments in the Central Chilean Fjords ». Dans Glaciated Continental Margins, 72–73. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5820-6_25.

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Galleguillos, R., L. Troncoso, C. Oyarzún, M. Astorga et M. Peñaloza. « Genetic differentiation in Chilean hake Merluccius gayi gayi (Pisces : Merlucciidae) ». Dans Marine Genetics, 49–54. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2184-4_5.

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Troncoso, L., R. Galleguillos et A. Larrain. « Effects of copper on the fitness of the Chilean scallop Argopecten purpuratus (Mollusca : Bivalvia) ». Dans Marine Genetics, 185–89. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2184-4_17.

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Försterra, Günter, Verena Häussermann et Jürgen Laudien. « Animal Forests in the Chilean Fjords : Discoveries, Perspectives, and Threats in Shallow and Deep Waters ». Dans Marine Animal Forests, 277–313. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21012-4_3.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Chilean margin"

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Vargas Cordero, I., U. Tinivella, F. Accaino, M. F. Loreto, F. Fanucci, M. E. Lascano et C. Reichert. « Tectonic Processes and BSR Features along Chilean Margin ». Dans Saint Petersburg 2010. Netherlands : EAGE Publications BV, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20145560.

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Haettig, K., D. Varma, S. Schouten et M. T. J. Van der Meer. « LARGE REGIONAL GLACIAL-INTERGLACIAL CHANGES IN HYDROGEN ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF ALKENONES NEAR THE CHILEAN MARGIN ». Dans 30th International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry (IMOG 2021). European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202134103.

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Torres, Fernando, Sebastian Martinez, Claudio Roa et Enrique Lopez. « Comparison Between Voltage Droop and Voltage Margin Controllers for MTDC Systems ». Dans 2018 IEEE International Conference on Automation/XXIII Congress of the Chilean Association of Automatic Control (ICA-ACCA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ica-acca.2018.8609748.

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Bento, Murilo E. C. « An Improved Direct Method to Compute the Load Margin of Power Systems ». Dans 2021 IEEE International Conference on Automation/XXIV Congress of the Chilean Association of Automatic Control (ICA-ACCA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaacca51523.2021.9465235.

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Bento, Murilo E. C. « Contingency Assessment of an ANN-based Method for Monitoring Load Margin of Power Systems ». Dans 2022 IEEE International Conference on Automation/XXV Congress of the Chilean Association of Automatic Control (ICA-ACCA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ica-acca56767.2022.10006139.

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Nuñez, Ashley C., et Leah H. Joseph. « PALEOCLIMATOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF OCEANIC SEDIMENT FROM THE CHILEAN MARGIN ODP SITE 1234 TO DETERMINE PAST CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND EVENTS ». Dans Joint 69th Annual Southeastern / 55th Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020se-344481.

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del Rey, Álvaro, Katja Deckart, Katja Deckart, Noah J. Planavsky, Noah J. Planavsky, César Arriagada, César Arriagada, Fernando Martínez et Fernando Martínez. « TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE SOUTHWESTERN MARGIN OF PANGEA AND ITS GLOBAL IMPLICATIONS : EVIDENCE FROM THE MID PERMIAN-TRIASSIC MAGMATISM ALONG THE CHILEAN-ARGENTINE BORDER ». Dans GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-340577.

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Schleyer, Gustavo, Felipe Cid, Paulo Gallardo, Maria Elisa Arroyo, Marygrace Balinos, Cayetano Espinosa et Denisse Mardones. « Collaborative monitoring of marine fauna ». Dans 2017 First IEEE International Symposium of Geoscience and Remote Sensing (GRSS-CHILE). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/grss-chile.2017.7996010.

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Lo Frano, Rosa, Giuseppe Forasassi, Alessandro Poggianti et Massimo Forni. « Seismic Safety Margin of an Isolated SMR Reactor Under Severe Earthquake ». Dans ASME 2011 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2011-6578.

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The dramatic consequence of the magnitude 9.0 earthquake in Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, reactors 1, 2, 3 and 4, highlighted and confirmed that the existing and the future nuclear installations should be designed to be highly secure and capable to withstand a wide range of internal and external extreme loads, such as pressure, aircraft crash and, of course, earthquakes. The aim of this paper is the evaluation the seismic behavior of an innovative SMR hit by an exceptional seismic event, characterized by a magnitude well beyond the design basis value (e.g. also 2007 Niigataken Chuetsu-Oki or 2010 Chile earthquakes), in order to understand the true state of the SSCs in terms of their required safety functions and capacity, and, as a result, to be able to assess correctly the seismic safety margin of the considered installation. In this context, it has been also considered the adoption of the highly attractive strategy of the seismic isolation to increase the reliability or safety margin of the nuclear safety relevant structures, during and after the seismic event, with the aim of avoiding or mitigating the related structural damaging effects. To the purpose a rather refined numerical methodology was employed and several three-dimensional models (FEM approach) of the SMR reactor containment and its safety relevant structures were set up and used in the performed analyses, taking also into account a suitable materials behaviour and constitutive laws for both the reactor materials and the isolators. In addition the real behaviour and characteristics of isolators, experimentally determined, have been used as input in the carried out simulations. The obtained results were used to appropriately check mainly the NPP containment strength reserve and the isolators safety factor.
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Schleyer, Gustavo, Felipe Cid, Paulo Gallardo, Maria Elisa Arroyo, Marygrace Balinos et Yacqueline Montecinos. « An Application for Geolocalized Sightings of Marine Fauna Supported by a Social Internet of Things Approach ». Dans 2018 IEEE International Conference on Automation/XXIII Congress of the Chilean Association of Automatic Control (ICA-ACCA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ica-acca.2018.8609726.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Chilean margin"

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Boswarva, K. L., J. A. Howe, C. Fox, C. Abernathy et K E Brown. Using autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to map the fjordic habitats in the Chilean Patagonia : a tool for the development of marine protected areas. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/305421.

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Méndez-Vizcaíno, Juan C., et Nicolás Moreno-Arias. A Global Shock with Idiosyncratic Pains : State-Dependent Debt Limits for LATAM during the COVID-19 pandemic. Banco de la República, octobre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1175.

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Fiscal sustainability in five of the largest Latin American economies is examined before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose, the DSGE model in Bi(2012) and Hürtgen (2020) is used to estimate the Fiscal Limits and Fiscal Spaces for Peru, Chile, Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil. These estimates advance the empirical literature for Latin America on fiscal sustainability by offering new calculations stemming from a structural framework with alluring novel features: government default on the intensive margin; dynamic Laffer curves; utility-based stochastic discount factor; and a Markov-Switching process for public transfers with an explosive regime. The most notable additions to the existing literature for Latin America are the estimations of entire distributions of public debt limits for various default probabilities and that said limits critically hinge on both current and future states. Results obtained indicate notorious contractions of Fiscal Spaces among all countries during the pandemic, but the sizes of these were very heterogeneous. Countries that in 2019 had positive spaces and got closer to negative spaces in 2020, have since seen deterioration of their sovereign debt ratings or outlooks. Colombia was the only country to lose its positive Fiscal Space and investment grade, thereby joining Brazil, the previously sole member of both groups
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Olivares, Claudio, Camilo Urbano, Darío Hidalgo, Natalia Tinjacá, José Manuel Pérez, Maria Clara Gutiérrez, Cristian Navas, Claudia Glen, Lauramaría Pedraza et Manuel Rodriguez Porcel. Mapas de viaje : Metodología para el diagnóstico y propuestas de mejora de la accesibilidad universal en sistemas de transporte público en América Latina y el Caribe. Sous la direction de Isabel Granada et Camila Ramos. Inter-American Development Bank, décembre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002065.

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AUTOROlivares, Claudio; Urbano, Camilo; Hidalgo, Darío; Tinjacá, Natalia; Pérez, José Manuel; Gutiérrez, Maria Clara; Navas, Cristian; Glen, Claudia; Pedraza, Lauramaría; Rodriguez Porcel, ManuelFECHADec 2019DESCARGA:Español (928 descargas)DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002065EDITORIsabel Granada, Camila RamosSe propone una nueva metodología, mapeando experiencias de viaje, para identificar las barreras y brechas en la accesibilidad universal para usuarios del transporte público con discapacidad, movilidad reducida permanente o temporal y de viajes asociados al cuidado. La metodología se centra en la experiencia de viaje de estos usuarios teniendo en cuenta sus percepciones, sentimientos y emociones. Para ello, la metodología utiliza métodos etnográficos y proporciona una representación gráfica del viaje o Mapa de Viaje de Cliente (MVC). Esta herramienta ayuda a identificar elementos clave para visualizar la aplicación de la metodología y permite orientar a los investigadores para encontrar brechas y barreras de modo que permita definir acciones de mejora en la planificación, diseño, implementación y operación de los sistemas de transporte público. La metodología tiene dos partes: i) Acompañamiento y observación del viaje completo y cotidiano de las personas con discapacidad permanente o temporal, y ii) análisis y visualización de la experiencia de viaje, mediante la elaboración de un Mapa de Viaje de Cliente para cada uno de los usuarios observados. La metodología se aplicó en Bogotá, Santiago de Chile y Medellín. Los resultados de la metodología permitieron formular recomendaciones de políticas para mejorar los sistemas de transporte de estas ciudades a corto, mediano y largo plazo.
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Financial Stability Report - Second Semester of 2021. Banco de la República, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2021.

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Banco de la República’s main objective is to preserve the purchasing power of the currency in coordination with the general economic policy that is intended to stabilize output and employment at long-term sustainable levels. Properly meeting the goal assigned to the Bank by the 1991 Constitution critically depends on preserving financial stability. This is understood to be a general condition in which the financial system assesses and manages the financial risks in a way that facilitates the economy’s performance and efficient allocation of resources while, at the same time, it is able to, on its own, absorb, dissipate, and mitigate the shocks that may arise as a result of adverse events. This Financial Stability Report meets the goal of giving Banco de la República’s diagnosis of the financial system’s and its debtors’ recent performance as well as of the main risks and vulnerabilities that could affect the stability of the Colombian economy. In this way, participants in financial markets and the public are being informed, and public debate on trends and risks affecting the system is being encouraged. The results presented here also serve the monetary authority as a basis for making decisions that will enhance financial stability in the general context of its objectives. In recent months, several positive aspects of the financial system have preserved a remarkable degree of continuity and stability: the liquidity and capital adequacy of financial institutions have remained well above the regulatory minimums at both the individual and consolidated levels, the coverage of past-due loans by loan-loss provisions remains high, and the financial markets for public and private debt and stocks have continued to function normally. At the same time, a surge in all the types of loan portfolios, a sharp downturn in the non-performing loan portfolio, and a rise in the profitability of credit institutions can be seen for the first time since the beginning of the pandemic. In line with the general recovery of the economy, the main vulnerability to the stability of the Colombian financial system identified in the previous edition—uncertainty about changes in the non-performing loans portfolio—has receded and remains on a downward trend. In this edition, the main source of vulnerability identified for financial stability in the short term is the system’s exposure to sudden changes in international financial conditions; the results presented in this Report indicate that the system is sufficiently resilient to such scenarios. In compliance with its constitutional objectives and in coordination with the financial system’s security network, Banco de la República will continue to closely monitor the outlook for financial stability at this juncture and will make the decisions necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the economy, facilitate the flow of sufficient credit and liquidity resources, and further the smooth functioning of the payment system. Leonardo Villar Gomez Governor Box 1 -Decomposition of the Net Interest Margin in Colombia and Chile Wilmar Cabrera Daniela Rodríguez-Novoa Box 2 - Spatial Analysis of New Home Prices in Bogota, Medellín, and Cali Using a Geostatistical Approach María Fernanda Meneses Camilo Eduardo Sánchez Box 3 - Interest Rate Model for the SYSMO Stress Test Exercise Wilmar Cabrera Diego Cuesta Santiago Gamba Camilo Gómez Box 4 - The Transition from LIBOR and other International Benchmark Rates Daniela X. Gualtero Briceño Javier E. Pirateque Niño
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