Bibliographies thématiques / Chicory roots

Sommaire

Articles de revues
Thèses
Livres
Chapitres de livres
Actes de conférences

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Chicory roots »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 11 janvier 2025

Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres

Choisissez une source :

Consultez les listes thématiques d’articles de revues, de livres, de thèses, de rapports de conférences et d’autres sources académiques sur le sujet « Chicory roots ».

À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.

Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.

Articles de revues sur le sujet "Chicory roots"

OSVALD, Jože, et Dragan ŽNIDARČIČ. « The effects of root diameter on the yield components of forced chicory (Chicorium intybus L.) ». Acta agriculturae Slovenica 79, n^o 1 (15 mai 2002) : 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2002.79.1.15651.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The objectiv of this study was to determine wheather the root diameter had an effect on the yield components of forced chicory. The roots of cv. Goriški were divided into four diameters: 10, 20, 30 and 40 mm. Overall results have cleraly demonstrated a high correlation between the root diameter and most of the yield parameters. An increase in root diameter resulted in a significant increase in the total weight, as well as in the net weight of chicons. Net weight of yield varied from 4.20 g per chicon at 10 mm to 72.75 g per chicon at 40 mm. The thickness of the roots had no remarkeble influence on discarded yield of chicons. Root productivity gradually decreased in proportion to root diameter, except at minimum ones. Most of the morphological features of chicons were improved with diameter thickness. In the end it has been verified that marketable yield of forced chicory per unit area, was independent of the root diameter, except at the smallest size.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Häkkinen, Suvi T., Katarina Cankar, Liisa Nohynek, Jeroen van Arkel, Markus Laurel, Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey et Bart Van Droogenbroeck. « Cichorium intybus L. Hairy Roots as a Platform for Antimicrobial Activity ». Pharmaceuticals 16, n^o 2 (18 janvier 2023) : 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16020140.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Industrial chicory is an important crop for its high dietary fibre content. Besides inulin, chicory taproots contain interesting secondary metabolite compounds, which possess bioactive properties. Hairy roots are differentiated plant cell cultures that have shown to be feasible biotechnological hosts for the production of several plant-derived molecules. In this study, hairy roots of industrial chicory cultivars were established, and their potential as a source of antimicrobial ingredients was assessed. It was shown that hot water extracts of hairy roots possessed antimicrobial activity against relevant human microbes, whereas corresponding chicory taproots did not show activity. Remarkably, a significant antimicrobial activity of hot water extracts of chicory hairy roots towards methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was observed, indicating a high potential of hairy roots as a host for production of antimicrobial agents.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Puhlmann, Marie-Luise, et Willem M. de Vos. « Back to the Roots : Revisiting the Use of the Fiber-Rich Cichorium intybusL. Taproots ». Advances in Nutrition 11, n^o 4 (21 mars 2020) : 878–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa025.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

ABSTRACT Fibers are increasingly recognized as an indispensable part of our diet and vital for maintaining health. Notably, complex mixtures of fibers have been found to improve metabolic health. Following an analysis of the fiber content of plant-based products, we found the taproot of the chicory plant (Cichorium intybusL.) to be 1 of the vegetables with the highest fiber content, comprising nearly 90% of its dry weight. Chicory roots consist of a mixture of inulin, pectin, and (hemi-)cellulose and also contain complex phytochemicals, such as sesquiterpene lactones that have been characterized in detail. Nowaday, chicory roots are mainly applied as a source for the extraction of inulin, which is used as prebiotic fiber and food ingredient. Chicory roots, however, have long been consumed as a vegetable by humans. The whole root has been used for thousands of years for nutritional, medicinal, and other purposes, and it is still used in traditional dishes in various parts of the world. Here, we summarize the composition of chicory roots to explain their historic success in the human diet. We revisit the intake of chicory roots by humans and describe the different types of use along with their various methods of preparation. Hereby, we focus on the whole root in its complex, natural form, as well as in relation to its constituents, and discuss aspects regarding legal regulation and the safety of chicory root extracts for human consumption. Finally, we provide an overview of the current and future applications of chicory roots and their contribution to a fiber-rich diet.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Aziz, Fitua Minuar. « Cichorium intybus Roots Extract : A New Culture Medium for Cultivation of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Fusarium graminearum and Candida albicans ». Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, n^o 2 (1 décembre 2014) : 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v14i2.141.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

For the first time globally, the studying of using hot water extract of Cichorium intybus (chicory) as a new culture medium for fungi and yeast growth was done .It used for cultivation of: Aspergillus niger ,Aspergillus terreus,Fusarium graminearum and Candidaalbicans.The present study clearly showes the possibility of using the chicory roots extract agar medium as a new culture medium for molds and yeasts. The results showed avariation in the growth of fungi on chicory roots extracts agar medium compared with potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) in colony growth diameter mean ,colony color, sporulation and producing of different color dyes.The sporulation for Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus was heavy on chicory roots extract agar medium compared with PDA medium.In addition,the prepared medium will be usefull for fungal toxomony,for Aspergillus terreus and Fusariun graminearum, dark yellow pigment of Aspergillus terreus on chicory medium while it was yellow pigment on PDA. Fusarium gramiearum produce purple color pigment on chicory medium while it was pink pigment on PDA,also chicory medium was good medium for cultivation of Candida albicans without producing pigments.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Tan, Zhi Yi, et Kenneth A. Corey. « Technique for Improving Marketable Yield and Quality of Hydroponically Forced Witloof Chicory ». HortScience 25, n^o 11 (novembre 1990) : 1396–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.11.1396.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

A method was developed to improve the yield and quality of chicons of witloof chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) forced hydroponically from roots taken following long-term storage. The method combines the use of a resilient material (polyurethane foam) with the application of pressure to the developing chicons. At the start of forcing, weights of 0, 150, 300, 450, and 900 g/root were applied to the crown and maintained until harvest. Marketable yields and density of chicons of the late-forcing cultivar Faro increased with increasing weight applied. Increasing weight also significantly decreased the length: diameter ratio of chicons, an indicator of quality. Increased marketable yield and improved quality of `Bea' (intermediate to late-forcing cultivar) chicons were achieved with application of 450 g/root. The technique provides a tool for improving economic yields of late-season, hydroponically forced witloof chicory.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Juśkiewicz, Jerzy, Zenon Zduńczyk, Ewa Żary-Sikorska, Bogusław Król, Joanna Milala et Adam Jurgoński. « Effect of the dietary polyphenolic fraction of chicory root, peel, seed and leaf extracts on caecal fermentation and blood parameters in rats fed diets containing prebiotic fructans ». British Journal of Nutrition 105, n^o 5 (7 décembre 2010) : 710–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510004344.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The aim of this 28 d experiment was to examine the physiological response of growing rats to a dietary combination of prebiotic chicory fructans, with polyphenols originating from different parts of the chicory plant, i.e. roots, root peels, seeds and leaves. A total of forty rats were assigned to groups fed the following diets characterised by a similar content of oligofructose and inulin: control, with 10 % of a root extract (a low level of dietary polyphenols, 0·05 %), with 6·5 % of a root peel extract (a medium level of dietary polyphenols, 0·107 %), with a combination of 8 % of a peel extract and 0·8 % of a seed extract (a high level of dietary polyphenols, 0·208 %) and with 2·5 % of a leaf extract (a medium level of dietary polyphenols, 0·106 %, with chicoric acid constituting half of them). Chicory seeds are the richest source of polyphenols, especially abundant in dicaffeoylquinic acids. When applied as a dietary supplement, the mixture of monocaffeoylquinic and dicaffeoylquinic acids, from the extracts made of roots, root peels and seeds, elicited more favourable changes in parameters of the antioxidative status of the body and in the activity of bacterial β-glucuronidase in the faeces and caecal digesta. In turn, the extract from chicory leaves, containing considerable quantities of chicoric acid and polyphenolic glycosides, apart from chlorogenic acids, also triggered desirable changes in the lipid profile of the blood serum. The high concentration of polyphenols in the extracts examined enables their application as dietary supplements to be administered in low doses.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Mitich, Larry W. « Chicory ». Weed Technology 7, n^o 1 (mars 1993) : 274–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00037283.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Chicory (Cichorium intybus L. # CICIN), succory, blueweed, coffee-weed, blue sailors, bunk, or blue daisy, is familiar to many of us as an erect weed along roadsides or in fields, displaying small, startlingly bright blue flowers. Others of us may only have tasted its roots—roasted and ground into a bittersweet coffee substitute or additive: an essential component of the New Orleans brew served blacker than a hundred midnights in a cypress swamp. Along with its close relative endive (Cichorium endivia L.), chicory also has an important place in the salads of Europe and, increasingly, the United States. Both chicory and endive were indispensable in ancient and medieval herbal pharmacies and are still used medicinally today.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Cwalina-Ambroziak, Bożena, Jadwiga Wierzbowska et Bożena Bogucka. « The effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield and macronutrient concentrations in root chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. Sativus Bisch) and the health status of plants ». Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 21, n^o 5 (28 octobre 2022) : 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2022.5.8.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The effect of N fertilization on the health status of chicory plants, yield and the content of dry matter and macronutrients in chicory roots was determined in the study. Three root chicory cultivars, Polanowicka, Orchies and Chrysolite, were grown in a plot experiment. Three levels of topsoil N fertilization were applied before sowing: 0, 80 and 120 kg ha–1. The severity of leaf diseases was estimated during the growing season. Root yield, agronomic and marginal N-use efficiency, DM content and macronutrient concentrations in roots were calculated after harvest (10–20 October). The symptoms of powdery mildew, gray mold and leaf spot on chicory leaves were significantly least severe in the unfertilized treatment. The highest yield (83 Mg ha–1) was obtained in 2017, in cv. Chrysolite without N fertilization. Root yield decreased in response to the application of N fertilizer at both rates. A minor increase in yield was observed only in cv. Polanowicka in N-fertilized treatments in 2017, and in cv. Chrysolite fertilized with 80 kg N ha–1 in 2018. Root yield was negatively correlated with disease severity during the growing season. The DM content of chicory roots (mean values for years of the study, cultivars and N rates) was similar in all treatments. N fertilization induced changes in the content of N, K, Mg and S in chicory roots of the analyzed cultivars. The application of N fertilizer had a beneficial influence on the N content of roots in all cultivars.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Hansen, L. L., H. Mejer, S. M. Thamsborg, D. V. Byrne, A. Roepstorff, A. H. Karlsson, J. Hansen-Møller, M. T. Jensen et M. Tuomola. « Influence of chicory roots (Cichorium intybusL)on boar taint in entire male and female pigs ». Animal Science 82, n^o 3 (juin 2006) : 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/asc200648.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

AbstractBoar taint is an off-flavour of pork caused primarily by a microbial breakdown product, skatole and a testicular steroid, androstenone. As skatole is produced in the large intestine from tryptophan, it is possible that some ‘bioactive’ ingredients could modify protein fermentation and, in the process, diminish boar taint. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of inulin-rich chicory roots (Cichorium intybusL.) on boar taint. In the first of three trials individually penned, entire males and females were given an organic concentrate in which 0·25 of the daily energy intake was replaced with crude chicory roots for 9 or 4 weeks prior to slaughter. In the second trial, entire male pigs were given diets that included, either crude chicory roots, dried chicory roots, or inulin (extracted from chicory roots) for 6 weeks pre-slaughter. In the third trial, intact male pigs were given the dried chicory diet for either 2 or 1 week before slaughter. In all trials the chicory diets were offered on a scale at 0·95 of the Danish recommendation for energy intake, and pig performance was compared with a control group given the organic concentrate at 0·95 of recommended energy intake plus silage ad libitum. In trial 1 an additional control group was offered the organic concentrate at a daily energy intake level of 1·0 of Danish recommendations. The pigs in trials 1, 2, and 3 were slaughtered at an average live weight of 118, 124, and 110 kg, respectively, in order to ensure that they had achieved sexual maturity. Overall, skatole concentrations in blood plasma and backfat at slaughter were reduced to almost zero levels by including crude or dried chicory or inulin in the diet. This occurred irrespective of sex and length of feeding period (1 to 9 weeks). In trial 3 a significant effect on blood plasma concentration was observed after 3 days of feeding a diet containing dried chicory. The only significant reduction in plasma androstenone levels was detected in pigs given the crude chicory for a 9 week duration in trial 1. The production and proportion of lean was generally not affected by the addition of either form of chicory to the diets in trials 1 and 2. Therefore, dried chicory may be the most suitable form for commercial use because it: had no initial adverse effects on food intake, consistently reduced skatole without reducing performance, was easy to handle throughout the entire year and is relatively inexpensive.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Başaran, Uğur, Erdem Gülümser, Cennet Yaman, Medine Çopur Doğrusöz et Hanife Mut. « Antioxidants and Mineral Contents of Chicory as Coffee Additive ». Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, n^o 1 (24 janvier 2021) : 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i1.217-223.3859.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

In this study, roots of Turkish origin wild chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) genotypes were investigated for total flavonoid and phenolic contents, radical cation scavenging activity (ABTS), Free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), and radical, mineral content. These characteristics were also compared with other coffee varieties. The total flavonoid and phenolic contents ranged between 0.290-4.350 mg QE/g dry weight (DW) and 0.943-13.860 mg GAE/g DW. The DPPH was listed here from high to low value: raw coffee beans = roasted coffee beans > roasted fruits of turpentine tree > instant coffee = roots of chicory. The content of P, Ca, Mg, Zn, B, Cr, Co and Mo ranged between 0.71-2.78%, 0.25-0.46%, 7.29-20.66, 4.44-11.07, 0.40-1.67, 0.49-5.48 and 5.69-14.46 ppm, respectively. As a result, chicory roots exhibited low antioxidant activity, but higher mineral content compared to the other tested coffee varieties which indicates that chicory could be used a coffee additive.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Plus de sources

Thèses sur le sujet "Chicory roots"

Domont, Justine. « Edition par CRISPR/Cas9 de la voie de biosynthèse des lactones sesquiterpéniques en vue de modifier l'amertume de la chicorée industrielle (Cichorium intybus L.) ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILR008.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

La chicorée industrielle (Cichorium intybus var. sativum) est une plante emblématique de la Région Hauts-de-France. Cette plante est connue pour ses vertus thérapeutiques, ses propriétés nutritionnelles, mais aussi pour son goût amer. Les racines de chicorée industrielle sont habituellement utilisées pour la production de substitut de café et la production d'inuline. Le développement de nouveaux ingrédients fonctionnels à base de chicorée, nécessite de créer des variétés moins amères, car l'amertume constitue un frein à la consommation. Cette amertume est principalement due à la présence de lactones sesquiterpéniques, des métabolites spécialisés dont la voie de biosynthèse est partiellement élucidée. Dans ce cadre, une caractérisation des gènes impliqués dans la synthèse des lactones sesquiterpéniques a été entreprise sur le génome de la chicorée industrielle ChicBitter002. La chicorée ChicBitter002 présente de nombreux avantages pour la recherche expérimentale puisque c'est un clone dont la propagation in vitro est maîtrisée au sein du laboratoire, capable de s'autoféconder, pour laquelle une méthode d'édition par CRISPR/Cas9 a été mise au point, et dont la séquence du génome est disponible auprès de l'entreprise partenaire, Florimond-Desprez. Ainsi, 10 gènes ont été identifiés parmi lesquels, les gènes germacrène A synthase (GAS), sous forme longue ou courte, le gène germacrène A oxydase (GAO), et les gènes costunolide synthase (COS). Dans le but d'établir une preuve de concept que l'inhibition des gènes impliqués dans la voie de biosynthèse des lactones sesquiterpéniques provoque une diminution de l'amertume, la chicorée Chicbitter002 a été éditée via une transformation stable par R. rhizogenes, permettant une régénération rapide de plantes ainsi qu'une efficacité d'édition élevée (26%). Afin de générer des mutants, les gènes GAS et GAO ont été ciblés. L'étude des mutants obtenus a permis de valider que la mutation bi-allélique d'au moins deux copies (GAS-S1 et GAS-S2) de la forme courte du gène GAS ou du gène GAO provoque une réduction significative de la production de lactones sesquiterpéniques. Une corrélation entre ces molécules et la perception de l'amertume, établie par analyse sensorielle, a aussi permis d'obtenir des scores d'amertume pour les mutants GAS-S1 et GAS-S2 générés, bien inférieurs à ceux des témoins. L'édition par CRISPR/Cas9 a ensuite pu être réalisée sur un matériel végétal d'intérêt appliqué, utilisé pour la génération de nouvelles variétés de chicorée et créé par les sélectionneurs. La méthode utilisée a été celle de la transfection de protoplastes, mise au point au sein du laboratoire, et que nous avons optimisée. La méthode est plus longue pour obtenir des mutants mais présente l'avantage de générer des plantes exemptes de transgènes. De nombreux mutants ont pu être générés dont la validation par une analyse métabolique reste à réaliser
The industrial chicory (Cichorium intybus var. sativum) is an emblematic plant of the Hauts-de-France region. This plant is known for its therapeutic and nutritional properties, but also for its bitter taste. Industrial chicory roots are usually used for the production of coffee substitute and inulin production. The development of new functional ingredients based on chicory requires the creation of less bitter varieties, as bitterness is a barrier to consumption. This bitterness is mainly due to the presence of sesquiterpene lactones, specialized metabolites whose biosynthetic pathway is partially elucidated. In this context, a characterization of the genes involved in the synthesis of sesquiterpene lactones was realized in the industrial chicory ChicBitter002 genome. ChicBitter002 chicory offers many advantages for experimental research since it is a clone whose in vitro propagation is mastered in the laboratory, capable of self-fertilization, for which a CRISPR/Cas9 editing method has been developed, and whose genome sequence is available from the partner company, Florimond-Desprez. Thus, 10 genes were identified, including the germacrene A synthase (GAS) genes, in long or short form, the germacrene A oxidase (GAO) gene, and the costunolide synthase (COS) genes. In order to establish a proof of concept that inhibition of genes involved in the sesquiterpene lactone biosynthetic pathway causes a decrease in bitterness, Chicbitter002 chicory was edited via a stable transformation by R. rhizogenes, allowing a rapid plant regeneration and a higher mutation efficiency (26%). In order to generate mutants, the GAS and GAO genes were targeted. The study of these mutants allowed to validate that the bi-allelic mutation of at least two copies (GAS-S1 and GAS-S2) of the short form of the GAS gene or of the GAO gene causes a significant reduction in the production of sesquiterpene lactones. A correlation between these molecules and bitterness perception, established by sensory analysis, also resulted in bitterness score for the GAS-S1 and GAS-S2 mutants that were significantly lower than those of controls. CRISPR/Cas9 editing could then be performed on plant material of applied interest, used for the generation of new chicory varieties and created by breeders. The method used was protoplast transfection, developed in the laboratory, which we optimized. This method is more time consuming to obtain mutants but has the advantage of generating transgene-free plants. Numerous mutants have been generated and their validation by metabolic analysis remains to be done

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Zhu, Zhenzhou. « Study of pulsed electric fields (PEF) assisted inulin extraction from chicory root and chicory juice purification ». Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2135/document.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Le procédé industriel d’extraction d'inuline consiste en une diffusion de longue durée et à température élevée. Ce procédé induit l’extraction des sucres mais également des impuretés. Les étapes de purification de jus deviennent alors plus complexes. Pour pallier à ces problèmes, il est essentiel de réduire la température de diffusion pour limiter l’extraction des impuretés. Récemment, la technique de champs électriques pulsés (CEP) a démonté ses avantages dans le domaine sucrier et également dans d’autres applications agro-alimentaires. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse est de d’optimiser et valider la faisabilité de cette techniques dans le cas de la chicorée. Une purification par filtration dynamique est envisagée et proposée pour remplacer la purification classique. Les résultats de l’extraction montrent qu’il est possible d’intensifier l’extraction de l’inuline par application de CEP. Le prétraitement des cossettes de chicorées à 600 V/cm et 50 ms, réduit de 20°C la température de diffusion (60°C au lieu de 80°C actuellement). Une économie d’énergie importante est réalisée (gain 90 kJ/kg chicory juice). La combinaison innovante d’un prétraitement électrique et un traitement thermique (chauffage ohmique) provoque une perméabilisation importante des cellules et permet de réaliser des diffusions « à froid ». Les analyses qualitatives de jus de diffusion classique et jus CEP montrent que la pureté des extraits CEP est plus élevée (87.2% vs 86.7%). Les essais de filtration sur membrane montrent que les performances de la filtration (pureté, flux, colmatage,…) dépendent énormément de l’origine de l’extrait. Le jus CEP contient moins d’impureté que le jus thermique, est donc plus facile à filtré. Cependant, col matage de membrane restent dans les deux cas important. Un module de filtration dynamique avec disque rotatif a été utilisé pour améliorer les performances de la filtration. Ce module a permit de réduire le colmatage des membranes, améliorer la pureté des extraits et atteindre des facteurs de réduction volumique important (10)
Industrial inulin extraction requires high temperature and long duration to ensure inulin productivity. In addition complex steps are necessary to purify extracted chicory juice and to obtain inulin with desirable purity. In order to avoid the extracting of inulin at high temperature, to obtain chicory juice with better quality and to purify chicory juice with more simple operation, pulsed electric fields (PEF) and membrane filtration were applied to this study : PEF was used to intensify inulin extraction from chicory roots. By pre-treatment of chicory slices at 600 V/cm, diffusion temperature at pilot scale can be decreased to 60oC from about 80oC (industrial extraction condition) to obtain comparable juice inulin concentration. Moreover, this moderate temperature diffusion brought out interesting energy savings compared to that of conventional diffusion. For the goal of extracting inulin at “cold” condition (for example 30oC) PEF induced combined electroporation/ohmic heating pretreatment was applied for chicory tissue denaturation. Better solute extraction was observed after effective damage of chicory tissue diffusivity.Juice extracted from PEF assisted diffusion (PEF juice) was confirmed had higher inulin purity and less impurity in comparison to juice from conventional thermal diffusion process. The juice was purified by membrane filtration in order to investigate a simple chicory juice purification method. Since it contains less impurity, dead-end filtration performance of PEF juice was significantly improved, with less membrane fouling and higher inulin purity in filtrate. However, permeate flux of membrane filtration was seriously restricted by the membrane fouling. In order to improve filtration flux, rotating disk module was introduced in this study for clarification and purification of chicory juice. Elevated shear rate of rotating disk (1500–2000 rpm) could effectively control or even eliminate membrane fouling and lead to satisfying carbohydrate transmission (98%) and desirable permeate flux even at high volume reduction ratio (10). In view of energy saving, optimization of RDM assisted chicory juice filtration was carried out and yielded optimal operation conditions to maximize average flux and minimize specific energy consumption

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Diemer, Étienne. « Intensification du procédé d’extraction, de purification et de fonctionnalisation des acides caféoylquiniques à partir de coproduits de la culture de l’endive ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COMP2821.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

La racine forcée d’endive est un coproduit de la culture de l’endive, produit caractéristique du Nord de la France, de la Belgique et des Pays-Bas. Actuellement sous utilisé en méthanisation ou en alimentation animale, ce coproduit contient pourtant des molécules d’intérêts à haute valeur ajoutée : les acides caféoylquiniques. Ces molécules possèdent des activités antioxydantes, anti-inflammatoires et permettent de limiter les maladies du désordre métabolique. Ce travail de thèse vise à intensifier le prétraitement, l’extraction, la purification et la fonctionnalisation des acides caféoylquiniques à partir des racines forcées pour développer de nouvelles molécules bioactives biosourcées potentiellement intéressantes pour le secteur cosmétique et nutraceutique. Une dernière partie de la thèse porte sur l’étude technico-économique du procédé pour estimer sa rentabilité économique en fonction du secteur d’application visé. La première partie porte sur l’effet des prétraitements conventionnels (découpe et séchage) ainsi que l’effet d’un prétraitement électrique par champs électriques pulsés sur les teneurs en acides caféoylquiniques dans la biomasse. L’effet de l’ajout d’une solution antioxydante lors de l’extraction est également étudié. Dans un deuxième temps, une optimisation de l’extraction est réalisée à partir de biomasse sèche et fraiche. L’influence de facteurs tels que la température, le ratio solide/liquide, ainsi que la nature du solvant a été étudiée. De plus, des cinétiques d’extraction ont été tracées pour étudier les paramètres cinétiques à l’aide d’un modèle empirique. La pureté de l’extrait obtenu étant faible, des étapes de purification sont donc nécessaires. Par la suite, les travaux se sont portés sur la purification de l’extrait brut à l’aide de résines macroporeuses ainsi que par extraction liquide/liquide. Pour la purification par résine, un screening de résines est réalisé suivi d’une optimisation des conditions opératoires de purification avec la résine choisie. Des modélisations des phénomènes d’adsorption sont réalisées pour déterminer les étapes limitantes ainsi que la capacité maximale d’adsorption. Pour l’extraction liquide/liquide, un screening de solvants verts est effectué à partir d’un milieu aqueux et hydro-éthanolique puis une optimisation des conditions opératoires avec le meilleur solvant est réalisée. La pénultième partie de la thèse cherche à fonctionnaliser par estérification les acides caféoylquiniques à partir d’une solution modèle puis d’un extrait réel. Les conditions d’estérification sont optimisées pour augmenter la vitesse de réaction ainsi que le taux de conversion. Des esters avec différentes longueurs de chaine sont obtenus et l’activité antioxydante ainsi que les propriétés anti-UV sont étudiées. La fonctionnalisation est par la suite effectuée sur un extrait réel. Une étude technico-économique conclut la thèse permettant d’ouvrir sur des perspectives quant aux conditions nécessaires à l’industrialisation du procédé de valorisation des racines forcées d’endive
Forced chicory root is a by-product of Belgian endive culture, a typical crop of northern France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Currently under-utilized in methanation or animal feed, this by-product contains molecules of interest: caffeoylquinic acids. These molecules have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and a potential for reducing metabolic disorders. This thesis aims to intensify the pre-treatment, extraction, purification and functionalization of caffeoylquinic acids from forced chicory roots to develop new bioactive biosourced molecules of potential interest to the cosmetics and nutraceutical sectors. The final part of the thesis deals with a technico-economical study of the process to estimate its economic profitability in relation to the targeted application sector. The first part focuses on the effect of conventional pretreatments (cutting and drying) and the effect of pulsed electric field pretreatment on caffeoylquinic acid content in biomass. The effect of adding an antioxidant solution during extraction is also investigated. Secondly, extraction optimization is carried out using dry or fresh biomass. The influence of factors such as temperature, solid/liquid ratio and solvent type were studied. In addition, extraction kinetics were performed to study kinetic parameters using empirical models. As the purity of the extract obtained is low, purification steps are needed. The thesis then focused on purifying the crude extract obtained using macroporous resins and liquid/liquid extraction. For resin purification, resin screening was carried out, followed by optimization of the purification operating conditions with the chosen resin. Models of adsorption phenomena are carried out to identify the limiting stages and the maximum adsorption capacity. For liquid/liquid extraction, green solvent screening is carried out on aqueous and hydro-ethanolic media, followed by optimization of operating conditions with the best solvent. The penultimate part of the thesis seeks to functionalize caffeoylquinic acids by esterification, starting with a model solution and then a real extract. Esterification conditions are optimized to increase both reaction speed and conversion rate. Esters with different chain lengths were obtained, and biological activities such as antioxidant activity and anti-UV properties were studied. Functionalization is also performed with real extract. A technico-economic study concludes the thesis, opening up prospects for the industrialization of the forced chicory roots valorization process

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Gamito, João Lúcio Crujo. « A cultura da chicória para café (Cichorium intybus L.) na região do Ribatejo ». Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2471.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
This work focuses on the culture of industrial chicory, also named “coffee” chicory (Cichorium intybus L. var. sativum), made in Ribatejo in 2008, especially in what concerns agricultural component. It was aimed mainly to assess the conditions for the development of roots, fertilization needs, fight against weeds, diseases and the evaluation of general behaviour of three cultivars of this crop: hera, orchies, and fluor. The plants emerged a few days after sowing but accompanied by weeds, which brought additional problems to the production, since this operation was delayed in relation to what was expected because the occurrence of rain before the sowing. This led to the need for enhanced application of herbicides not only in pre-sowing but also in post-emergency, bringing difficulties over time of the crop in the soil. Despite this fact, the problem was solved and the production results were relatively good. In addition it was tried to reduce the crop cycle, usually of 6 months, based on business needs for raw materials for industry due to its scarcity in the international market in the year concerned, implying therefore the reduction of the productive potential of culture.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Livres sur le sujet "Chicory roots"

Korman, Gordon. Un chico de lo más normal. Barcelona : Ediciones B, 2013.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Leclercq, Edith. Sesquiterpene lactones and inulin from chicory roots : Extraction, identification, enzymatic release and sensory analysis. 1992.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Charria, Profesor. Robots para Chicos Full Version : Tapa Dura. Latin Tech, Incorporated, 2023.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Christoforidis, Michael. Profusion and Parody in Barcelona. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195384567.003.0005.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The cosmopolitan northern city of Barcelona played host to Carmen’s Spanish premiere in 1881, starring Célestine Galli-Marié, and although the opera failed to take root at this point, Barcelona’s status as a center of entertainment in a variety of Spanish genres and a keen purveyor of European trends set the stage for Carmen’s return in the late 1880s. This revival led to a proliferation of competing productions in the early 1890s, and a degree of popularity that inspired the composition of a successful parody, the género chico work Carmela (1891), which subverted the local color and melodies of Bizet’s opera for a Hispanic audience and toured Spain and the Americas for several years.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Pilkey, Dav. EL CAPITAN CALZONCILLOS Y LA GRAN BATALLA CONTRA EL MOCOSO CHICO. SM, 2014.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

La venganza de los repugnantes mocorobots : El Capitán Calzoncillos y la gran batalla contra el mocoso chico biónico (II). Madrid, Spain : SM, 2007.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Pilkey, Dav. CACC. 7 EL CAPITÁN CALZONCILLOS Y LA GRAN BATALLA CONTRA EL MOCOSO CHICO BIÓNICO II. LA VENGANZA DE LOS MOCORROBOTS. EDICIONES SM, 2022.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Chicory roots"

Moser, Matthias, Arnaud Agemans et Wim Caers. « Production and Bioactivity of Oligosaccharides from Chicory Roots ». Dans Food Oligosaccharides, 55–75. Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118817360.ch4.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Cankar, Katarina, Katrijn Van Laere et Dirk Bosch. « Genome Editing for Reduction of Bitterness and for Production of Medicinal Terpenes in Cichorium Species ». Dans A Roadmap for Plant Genome Editing, 373–84. Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46150-7_21.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

AbstractCichorium varieties are cultivated both as leafy vegetables as well as industrial root crop for extraction of the food fibre inulin. Cichorium is a typical European crop and grown on a relatively small scale. However, due to its distinctive taste and health benefits and its capacity to produce multiple bioactive compounds, Cichorium has great potential if varieties could be optimised for these properties by breeding. In recent years it has been demonstrated in several laboratories that chicory is very amenable to genome editing. Different protocols were developed and implemented to adapt bitterness as well as to accumulate medicinal terpenes, generating potential socio-economic benefits over the entire value chain from farmers to consumers, as well as for the environment. In addition, scientific knowledge on chicory biology, particularly on the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites was significantly increased. This demonstrates how genome editing can contribute to breeding of niche crops such as Cichorium, which have relatively little investment leverage for extensive breeding programs.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

NISHIMURA, HIROYUKI, et ATSUSHI SATOH. « ANTIMICROBIAL AND NEMATICIDAL SUBSTANCES FROM THE ROOT OF CHICORY(Cichorium intybus) ». Dans Allelochemicals : Biological Control of Plant Pathogens and Diseases, 177–80. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4447-x_9.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Egorov, Ivan, et Tatiana Egorova. « Root Chicory (Cichorium Intybus) : Possibilities and Advantages of the Use in Diets for Broilers Without In-Feed Antibiotics ». Dans Fundamental and Applied Scientific Research in the Development of Agriculture in the Far East (AFE-2021), 803–13. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91405-9_89.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Saeed, Muhammad, Faisal Siddique, Rizwana Sultan, Sabry A. A. El-Sayed, Sarah Y. A. Ahmed, Mayada R. Farag, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Abdelrazeq M. Shehata et Mahmoud Alagawany. « Use of Chicory (Cichorium intybus) and its Derivatives in Poultry Nutrition ». Dans Antibiotic Alternatives in Poultry and Fish Feed, 98–110. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815049015122010010.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Chicory (Cichorium intybus) is a perennial herb that belongs to the Asteraceae family. Certain species are grown and used as fried, dry salad leaves, roots, or chicons as a substitute for coffee additives. It is also cultivated as forage that can be used in animal feeding. In addition, chicory has significant effects on animal and human health and has various biological activities, such as immunostimulant, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic activity. Chicory extracts protect the liver by lowering the levels of liver enzymes, e.g., aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The chicory plant plays a key role in protecting hepatocytes and other liver cells. It is used as an antimicrobial agent in vitro and in vivo against certain pathogenic bacteria species. Chicory improves immunity and feed efficacy by reducing pathogenic microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract. Cichorium intybus roots were also used to alleviate slight intestinal disturbances, including the sense of flatulence, full abdomen, transient appetite loss, and indigestion. This chapter describes the role of chicory plants in promoting growth when used as feed additives in poultry feed. It also explains the mechanisms of action of chicory extracts and their role as a liver protector for poultry.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

GUPTA, Anil K., Narinder KAUR, Maninder KAUR et Rangil SINGH. « Potential Medicinal and Nutritional Uses of Chicory Roots and Inulin ». Dans Inulin and Inulin-containing Crops, 359–65. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-89369-7.50051-8.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

BERGHOFER, E., A. CRAMER, U. SCHMIDT et M. VEIGL. « Pilot-Scale Production of Inulin from Chicory Roots and its Use in Foodstuffs ». Dans Inulin and Inulin-containing Crops, 77–84. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-89369-7.50016-6.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

BERGHOFER, E., A. CRAMER et E. SCHIESSER. « Chemical Modification of Chicory Root Inulin ». Dans Inulin and Inulin-containing Crops, 135–42. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-89369-7.50024-5.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Grasse, Jonathon. « Congado in Minas Gerais ». Dans Hearing Brazil, 149–81. University Press of Mississippi, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496838278.003.0006.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Following a descriptive introduction to the quintessential form of popular Catholicism known as congado, chapter six discusses musical and textual components of the procession, identifying key symbolic vehicles of ritual. This chapter is the fourth and final chapter focusing on Afro-Mineiro culture. In examining the genre's individual music groups known as guardas, the narrative turns to Candombe (not to be confused with Candomblé) as a cornerstone Afro-Mineiro heritage within the Congado galaxy. Musical instruments of the procession are discussed. Extensive historical accounts deliver primary observations to help illustrate the genre's importance through the centuries (an appendix offers a condensed historical summary of Congado's roots in Luso-African practice and its survival in twentieth- and twenty-first-century Minas Gerais. Analysis presents concepts of hybridized cosmologies conjoining African-derived beliefs and Catholicism. The chapter ends with discussion of the Chico Rei legend/myth surrounding popular beliefs in Minas Gerais about Congado's origins.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Lanner, Ronald M. « Origins ». Dans Made for Each Other, 107–20. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195089028.003.0013.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Abstract Near The Hamlet Of El Chico, In The Mexican state of Hidalgo, a range of heavily wooded hills is crowned by the rocky peak of La Muela-the Molar. If you let yourself down a steep slope, slick with recent rains and densely grown with towering oyamel firs, you will reach in the barranca below La Muela a tumbling clearwater brook. Here, at an elevation of 8,600 feet, the boulder-strewn banks are dominated by groves of white pines with long, slender, blue-green needles, evenly spaced tiers of horizontal limbs, and trunks clothed in furrowed gray bark. Clusters of cylindrical cones, emerald-green in their final summer, hang from branch tips, beads of aromatic resin congealed on their scales. Trunks of the larger pines and firs are encrusted with blue-gray lichens and studded with corsages of red-flowered bromeliads. Their massive lower limbs bear thickly layered sphagnum in which ferns root, forming von Humboldt’s forest piled upon forest. The pines are Mexican white pines, Pinus ayacahuite, and local farmers call this place “La Ayacahuite.” Take away the epiphytes, especially the bromeliads, and this could be an Adirondack haunt or a canyon bottom in northern Idaho. Places like it can be found in several other central and southern Mexican states, and in Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, where the elevation is high, the soils deep and moist, the air cool.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Chicory roots"

« Drying Characteristics of Chicory Roots in Hot Air Drying ». Dans 2001 Sacramento, CA July 29-August 1,2001. St. Joseph, MI : American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.4222.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

M.L. Hoang, P. Verboven, M. Baelmans et B.M. Nicolaï. « Air flow effects on heat and mass transfer during cooling of chicory roots ». Dans 2002 Chicago, IL July 28-31, 2002. St. Joseph, MI : American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.10955.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Popova, Inna, Igor Palamarchuk, Marija Zheplinska, Mikhailo Mushtruk et Volodymyr Vasyliv. « Non-destructive analysis of the content of mineral components of chicory to increase its environmental safety ». Dans VI International Conference on European Dimensions of Sustainablе Development, 80–87. National University of Food Technologies, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24263/edsd-2024-6-11.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The content of heavy metals both in plants and in soils for growing agricultural crops steadily changes the state of ecological safety of the corresponding biocenosis. An increased amount of trace elements and compounds of heavy metals causes metabolic disorders in plant tissues. As a result, there is an accumulation of toxic elements in the crops, which disrupts the biocenosis in the system for both farm animals and humans. Therefore, the contamination of plant raw materials, in particular chicory, for the food industry with ions of heavy and toxic metals is a significant environmental problem. The results of studies of the content of trace elements and their interaction with carbohydrates of vegetable inulin-containing raw materials are presented. X-ray fluorescence analysis was used to determine the content of 20 macro- and microelements in chicory roots. The regularity of changes in the content of microelements depending on heat treatment, in particular in harsh conditions, has been proven. The method of non-destructive analysis of the content of mineral components of plant raw materials using carbohydrates as a matrix for measurements has been developed. At the same time, it practically does not affect the course of the study of the appropriate type of carbohydrates to determine this or that mineral component. According to the results of the experiments, a group of samples was recommended for the determination of such elements as Cd, Zn, Pb and Hg, and the corresponding calibration curves were constructed.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Nikonenko, Maria S., A. V. Strelyaeva, T. V. Prostodusheva, A. M. Antsyshkina et L. V. Fedorova. « STUDY OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ALCOHOL EXTRACTION AND MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL SIGNS OF MEDICINAL PLANT RAW MATERIALS CHICORY ROOTS ». Dans Современные тенденции развития технологий здоровьесбережения. Москва : Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лекарственных и ароматических растений", 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52101/9785870191058_304.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Parravicini, Davide, Raul Antonio Di Toto et Hannah Davies. « From Chicory Roots to Salmon Fish Waste : All the Challenges of a Trip to Sustainability for Scale Inhibitors and Low Dosage Hydrate Inhibitors ». Dans SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213870-ms.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Abstract The use of environmentally acceptable inhibitors – particularly in the North Sea - has been of interest for many years. Traditional scale and hydrate inhibitors show poor to moderate biodegradability. P-based inhibitors could lead to eutrophication and polymers are mainly petroleum derivatives. More sustainable technologies have historically suffered from higher costs to maintain the same performance. This paper highlights all the successful efforts made to develop new environmentally friendly and cost-effective technologies having best-in-class performance. CMI is nowadays a well-known chemistry, derived from chicory roots and patented. It also represents one of the first biopolymer-based scale inhibitors for O&G applications. Despite its good scale inhibition and dispersion performance, the chemical structure is affected by poor thermal stability, which makes this technology less attractive for high temperature oilfield conditions. After extensive R&D work, carried out with the aim of developing new biodegradable, low toxic and ESG compliant technologies not suffering from the same limitations of CMI, two biodegradable phosphonated amino acid chemistries have been developed: PHAAC1 and PHAAC2. While the first product is inherently biodegradable and provides good performance against barium sulfate, the second and most recent readily biodegradable technology is characterized by an exceptional thermal stability and a MIC against calcite 7 to 10x lower than standard chemistries at high temperature (up to 190°C). Lessons learned were then extended to hydrates inhibitors, with the development of a new cost-effective Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitor based on fish waste, representing a nice example of circular economy. Encouraging performance has been observed and industrialization is currently ongoing. Constant cooling and Isothermal tests provided encouraging results, in line with currently used KHI. More work has to be done to further explore the potential features of this technology. The systematic applicative R&D approach replicating field conditions, the processes and results described in this work represent a significant step forward, confirming the possibility to develop ESG complaint technologies combining good ecotoxicological profiles and outstanding performance. An approach to circular technologies is also outlined as a base for future development.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Сайбель, О. Л., А. И. Радимич et Т. Д. Даргаева. « INVESTIGATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF CHICORY ROOT ». Dans ОТ БИОХИМИИ РАСТЕНИЙ К БИОХИМИИ ЧЕЛОВЕКА. Москва : Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лекарственных и ароматических растений", 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52101/9785870191041_248.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

П.Н., Шаповалова, Масловский С.А. et Орлова В.А. « Use of chicory root as a raw material for food production ». Dans XXII Международная научно-практическая конференция «Современные тенденции развития науки и мирового сообщества в эпоху цифровизации». Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.34755/irok.2024.15.97.034.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Reis, Ney Robinson Salvi dos, et Lucia Helena Ramos de Souza. « Robotic and biomimetic : technology and sustainability ». Dans ENSUS2023 - XI Encontro de Sustentabilidade em Projeto. Grupo de Pesquisa Virtuhab/UFSC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2596-237x.ensus2023.v11.n3.p494-505.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Robotic and biomimetic: science and technical fields are increasingly interdisciplinarity. Inspired by nature, such as imitation or suggestion, many inventions are conceived, developed and materialized. There is a lot of knowledge trough observation, studies on principles, models and process from nature approach. Followed by the proper connections to the research subject, or problems to face, seems to be adequate to borrow from nature some of those tips -already developed and tested-, as a kind of short cut to help us materialize solutions and solve problems. In this paper, design and mechanical development of three robots developed from nature observations are described. The robots G.I.R.I.N.O. and Chico Mendes and Pipe support device.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Nous offrons des réductions sur tous les plans premium pour les auteurs dont les œuvres sont incluses dans des sélections littéraires thématiques. Contactez-nous pour obtenir un code promo unique!