Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Chappelear »

Abstract The computation of flowing-well bottomhole pressure from the pressure of the block containing the well or of well now rate when the flowing bottomhole pressure is specified are important considerations in reservoir simulation. While this problem has been addressed by several authors, some important aspects of the problem are not treated adequately in the literature. We present an analytical method for computing the wellblock factors (constants of the PI) for a well located anywhere in a square or rectangular block (aspect ratio between 1/2 and 2). Equations for well geometric factors and well fraction constants are given for gridblocks of various types, containing a single well, encountered in reservoir simulation studies. The equations given in this paper can be used for both block-centered and paper can be used for both block-centered and point-distributed grids in five- and nine-point two-dimensional point-distributed grids in five- and nine-point two-dimensional (2D), finite-difference formulations. The radial flow assumption used in deriving the equations in this paper is not always strictly valid; however, for most practical situations it provides an adequate approximation for near-well flow. Introduction Handling of wells in reservoir simulators presents several difficulties that require special considerations. These difficulties generally can be divided into two classes.Problems arise because the block size usually is large compared to the size of the well, and hence the pressure of the block computed by the reservoir simulator is not a good approximation for the well pressure.Problems can be caused by the complex interaction (coupling) between the reservoir and the wellbore in both injection and production wells. Some aspects of this second problem are discussed by Settari and Aziz and Williamson and Chappelear, and other important aspects remain unresolved. This paper, however, deals with only the first problem-the problem of relating well-block pressure in the finite-difference model to the well pressure. The discussion is further restricted to single-phase 2D areal models, without any direct consideration of three-dimensional (3D) and cross-sectional flow problems. In die absence of more accurate model, well factors derived from single-phase flow considerations may be used even when two- or three-phase flow exists near the well. Well-Block Equations Peaceman has defined an equivalent well-block radius, Peaceman has defined an equivalent well-block radius, ro, as the radius at which the steady-state flowing pressure in the reservoir is equal to the numerically pressure in the reservoir is equal to the numerically calculated pressure, po, of the block containing the well This definition of ro can be used to relate the well pressure, pw, to the flow rate, q, through po: pressure, pw, to the flow rate, q, through po:Peaceman has obtained an approximate value of ro for Peaceman has obtained an approximate value of ro for an interior well in a uniform square grid by assuming radial steady-state flow between the well block and the blocks adjacent to this block:where i=1, 2, 3, 4 for the four surrounding blocks in the five-point finite-difference scheme. Combining this equation with the steady-state difference equation for the well block,Peaceman obtained the value Peaceman obtained the valuewhich is close to the more precise numerically computed value of 0. 1982 ( – 0.2). Peaceman obtained this more precise value by use of the difference in pressure between precise value by use of the difference in pressure between injection and production wells in a repeated five-spot as derived by Muskat, who used potential theory. Peaceman applied this solution to the difference in Peaceman applied this solution to the difference in pressure between the injection and production blocks and pressure between the injection and production blocks and obtainedwhere Delta pm is the numerically computed pressure difference between injection and production blocks for an M × M grid. The right side of Eq. 5 approaches an approximately correct value of 0.194 for M=3. This implies that the assumption of radial flow used to obtain Eq. 4 is reasonable even for a very coarse 3 ⨯ 3 grid. SPEJ P. 573

Whereas literature on non-profit sport organisations highlights a trend towards increased professionalization due to systemic expectations and pressure (Klenk et al., 2017), non-profit sport clubs still struggle with peculiar challenges related to the development their activities. They exist and develop thanks to an important contribution of voluntary staff driven by intrinsic motivation factors. Compared to for-profit companies or national sport governing bodies (NSGBs), they hardly rely on a competitive budget and they face financial vulnerability (Cordery et al., 2018). For instance, the mean budget for non-profit sport clubs in Switzerland is approx. CHF 60’000 (Lamprecht et al., 2017) whereas the budget of the umbrella federation, Swiss Olympic is approx. CHF 70 million (Swiss Olympic, 2019) and the mean budget of the affiliated NSGBs is approx. CHF 10 million (Kempf et al., 2019). Their capacity to respond to systemic pressure by resource acquisition and retention is limited. The good governance narrative emerged in the late1980s with the reform of the corporate and public sectors as a cure for mismanagement and unethical behaviour. In the field of sport, the concept became popular in the aftermath of corruption scandals in large international sport organisations and has led the creation of complex and demanding standards (Chappelet & Mrkonjic, 2019). To date, non-profit sport clubs are rather immune to good governance expectations and only a handful of initiatives that focus on the preservation of their social and economic impact address the topic (see Kirkeby, 2016). A reflection on their capabilities to effectively implement standards such as democracy or accountability is missing. This contribution investigates good governance and professionalization of non-profit sport clubs from a theoretical perspective. Starting with the hypothesis that non-profit sport clubs struggle to respond to systemic pressure because they lack resources and that acquiring and maintaining new resources is costly, this contribution builds on strategic management and resource dependency theory to analyse the challenges related to the implementation of good governance standards and develops strategic responses. References Chappelet, J. L. & Mrkonjic, M. (2019). Assessing sport governance principles and indicators. In M. Winand & C. Anagnostopoulos (Eds), Research Handbook on Sport Governance (pp. 10-28). Edward Elgar. Cordery, C. J., Sim, D. & Baskerville, R. F. (2018). Financial vulnerability in football clubs: Learning from resource dependency and club theories. Third Sector Review, 24(1), 49-70. Kempf, H., Weber, A. Ch., Zurmühle, C., Bosshard, B., Mrkonjic, M., Weber, A., Pillet, F., & Sutter, S. (2021). Leistungssport Schweiz – Momentaufnahme SPLISS-CH 2019 [Unpublished raw data]. Bundesamt für Sport BASPO. Kirkeby, M. (2016). Challenges and approaches to ensuring good governance in grassroots sport. In Transparency International (Ed.). Global Corruption Report: Sport (pp. 121-127). Routledge. Klenk, C., Egli, B., & Schlesinger, T. (2017). Exploring how voluntary sports clubs implement external advisory inputs. Managing Sport and Leisure, 22(1), 70-90. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2017.1386587 Lamprecht, M., Bürgi, R., Gebert, A., & Stamm, H. P. (2017). Sportvereine in der Schweiz: Entwicklungen, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven. Bundesamt für Sport BASPO. Swiss Olympic. Budget 2019. https://www.swissolympic.ch/dam/jcr:274b8641-bb33-4296-bba0-133114146d96/Budget_2019_DE.pdf

Introduction International sport federations (IFs) are today part of complex ecosystems (Bayle, 2023). As governing bodies, they are regulators and define and sanction sporting and participation rules. IFs are further organizers of international sport events, some of which attract large audiences and investments. In this role, IFs have to satisfy diverging demands of multiple stakeholders (Chappelet, 2021). Additionally, IFs have become important social, economic and political actors. They are employers and as such contribute to the local economy and have a corporate social responsibility. And with sport being increasingly interwoven with money, power, politics and state interests, IFs also influence and are influenced by geopolitics. This has entailed corruption and self-enrichment on one side of the spectrum, and it enabled peace processes and development on the other side. In this complex web of mission, expectations and pressures, how do IFs gain/maintain legitimation? Methods Using literature research and desk research, we first focus on the role and mission of IFs since their creation and illustrate an overview of the changing expectations against which IFs sought/seek legitimacy (historical timeline). Reflecting the conceptual model of Bayle and Clausen (2023, under review) on IFs’ organizational performance and its operationalization, we then map explicit and implicit performance indicators that derive from IFs’ mission and the multiple social, economic and political activities they have embraced over the past decades. Based on this mapping, we discuss IFs’ strategies to meet expectations and pressures that result from these performance indicators. We conclude the presentation with an assessment of the interrelation between expectations towards IFs, strategies developed by IFs, and internal/external performance control mechanisms based on five interviews. Results The social, political, and economic influence of IFs is largely recognized today. Yet, their legitimacy as non-profit governing bodies of sport in the eyes of prominent stakeholders (e.g., IOC, governments, sponsors) is currently reduced to their ability to comply with dominant governance and sustainability frameworks. As a result of this narrow focus, academics and practitioners have developed a good understanding and monitoring mechanisms of IFs’ governance practices. On the other hand, IFs’ performance and legitimacy from a mission and purpose perspective is greatly understudied. Discussion/Conclusion One of the challenges in defining performance indicators for IFs is their broad societal mission. Firstly, the impact of IFs’ activities to contribute to some sort of societal betterment is difficult to measure. And secondly, the priorities of societal issues change (e.g., poverty, health, climate). Any performance measurement system for IFs therefore needs to be dynamic to address both IFs’ mission and evolving external expectations. References Bayle, E. (2023). A model for the multi-centered regulation of world sport. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 15(2), 309-327. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2023.2205868 Bayle, E., & Clausen, J. (2023, under review). A conceptual model to understand and assess international sport federations’ organizational performance. Journal of Global Sport Management. Chappelet, J. L. (2021). The governance of the Olympic system: From one to many stakeholders. Journal of Global Sport Management 8(4), 783-800. https://doi.org/10.1080/24704067.2021.1899767

AbstractThe star β CMa, prototype of the β CMa variables, is known to have been a double mode pulsator since the beginning of the century, with amplitudes of 12 and 7 km/sec for the 6.00 and 6.03 hour oscillations (Shobbrook, 1973). Recently, Dziembowski, Moskalik, and Pamyatnykh (1992) have produced models of B stars using OPAL opacities which have many radial and non-radial modes unstable. As only a few modes are observed in these stars, these authors suggest that modes might change amplitude in such a way that modes can appear, disappear, or be replaced by other modes. Based on unsubstantiated rumour that β CMa had, like α Vir, quit pulsating (Pesnell, priv. comm.), we undertook observations with the Mt. John University Observatory (New Zealand) echelle spectrograph and CCD camera on the 1-m McLelland telescope. We found that β CMa is still pulsating, but with reduced amplitude and substantial period change compared with earlier data.In particular, quadratic ephemerides fit to all known times of spectroscopic maxima agree with our times of maxima [P1: HJD 2448611.8436; P2: HJD 2448611.8278] to better than two minutes, but an earlier linear ephemeris by Chappelier (1985) disagrees by over two hours. Our data is best fit with amplitudes of about 7 km/sec for both modes-this gives a nominal beat amplitude of nearly zero at the 49-day beat minimum (at a time when the linear ephemeris would have predicted a maximum amplitude). This may be the cause of the rumour mentioned above. Additional support for our conclusion of continuing pulsation comes from the fact that obvious line profile changes occur on the pulsation time scale.

Predkladaná štúdia predstavuje reakciu na polemiku Samuela Trizuljaka, ktorý kritizuje zaradenie teológa Ladislava Hanusa do mojej knihy Klérofašisti. Slovenskí kňazi a pokušenie radikálnej politiky (1935–1945) a v širšom zmysle aj používanie analytickej kategórie „klérofašizmus“. V mojej odpovedi sa sústreďujem na slabiny Trizuljakovej argumentácie. Trizuljak čitateľovi neposkytuje základné informácie o kritizovanej publikácii, o jej štruktúre a pozícii Ladislava Hanusa vo vzťahu k celkovej koncepcii monografie. Následne odmieta diskutovať o teoretickom a koncepčnom rámci, ktorý som načrtol v štúdii uverejnenej v Historickom časopise. Trizuljak ignoruje moju rekonceptualizáciu kategórie „klérofašizmus“, ktorá spočíva v zdôrazňovaní roviny aktérov, teda klérofašistov a namiesto toho mi podsúva kategórie, ktoré nepoužívam. Nespomína, že Hanusovi nie je venovaná samostatná kapitola, ale len exkurz. Trizuljak odporúča ako alternatívu môjho prístupu koncepciu „paternalistického katolíckeho modernizmu“ Jamesa Chappela, aj v tomto prípade však postupuje selektívne. Pri pozornom čítaní Chappelovej knihy Catholic Modern a hlbšej analýze Hanusových kľúčových textov z roku 1941sa ukazuje, že moja a Chappelova koncepcia si neprotirečia, práve naopak, dopĺňajú sa. V závere štúdie dokazujem, že „prezentizmus“, ktorý mi Trizuljak vyčíta, sa dá s dobrými dôvodmi aplikovať na jeho vlastnú polemiku.

Increasingly, international sports events (ISEs) are viewed as attractive opportunities for developing nations seeking to enhance their global profile in terms of both global prestige, economic development, and tourism (Chappelet & Parent, 2015; Shipway & Fyall, 2012). From a resilience perspective, the dimension of changing host locations, often due to the increasingly competitive bidding agenda of many host cities and nations, represents a significant proposition that has major implications with regards to the resilience of such events, in terms of crisis and disaster management. As such, changing host locations, from a resilience perspective, requires not only attention to the capacity of sports venues and infrastructure to absorb shocks and still maintain function, but to also include the propensity to facilitate adaptation, renewal and even re-organisation (Shipway, 2018). Whether these are natural disasters or man-made terrorist attacks, any disturbance creates an opportunity for both undertaking new actions (innovation), and for more effectively reacting to their onset (ongoing development) (Berkes et al., 2003; Holling, 1973; Gunderson 2000). Similarly, crisis management is influential in being an assessment of the ability of the country, including its emergency services, political elite, medical services, military and disaster management system to handle emergencies and/or disasters (Shipway & Miles, 2018).

Abstract Early in the well's life, the presence of formation water under strong water drive supports oil production. Eventually with time, this will become a problem that is challenging to manage. Maintaining and growing North Kuwait's oil production year after year made it impossible to continue producing well with high water production caused by conning effect. The critical coning rate required for lower Burgan (LB) to eliminate the conning effect and continue producing with low water cut (WC), as determined by Chappelear and Hirasaki correlation, is ± 300 BLPD. In order to prevent coning, an LB well should be produced at a rate lower than 300 BOPD. Producing wells at a rate lower than 300 BLPD is not feasible due to the high requirement of oil rate that north Kuwait targets. Coning Control Completion (CCC) is a cutting-edge technology used in North Kuwait to solve Lower Burgan formation (LB) coning problems. A reversible Electric Submersible Pump (ESP) is part of this completion system that is positioned below the oil-water contact (OWC). In order to control the progression of the water cone inside the oil zone, the reverse ESP generates a counteractive pressure drop below the OWC. Redirecting water into the underlying reservoir by drawing it below the desired zone's OWC is a crucial function of the reverse ESP. The quantity of generated water that rises to the surface is reduced by this process keeping the same liquid rate. Water cut (WC) has been decreased as a consequence of the effective use of CCC in North Kuwait, going from 90% to around 40 %. The successful implementation of CCC in North Kuwait has helped and enhanced the development plan for lower Burgan and will help controlling conning issue world wide