Thèses sur le sujet « Cervidi »
Pour voir les autres types de publications sur ce sujet consultez le lien suivant : Cervidi.
Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres
Consultez les 50 meilleures thèses pour votre recherche sur le sujet « Cervidi ».
À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.
Parcourez les thèses sur diverses disciplines et organisez correctement votre bibliographie.
1
Jennings, O. G. N. « Invasive carcinoma of the cervix in young women : a controlled study (1974-1983) including re-examination of the histology and cytology for evidence of human papillomavirus infection ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25630.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Invasive carcinoma of the cervix was compared in women under and over 35 years of age in a 10-year cohort study for the period 1974 - 1983. The aim was to determine if there were any significant differences in disease characteristics and survival. A non-concurrent prospective study design was employed with a follow-up period of at past 5 years. All eligible young patients (n = 82) were studied out of a total patient population of 1522 and compared with a 13% random sample (n = 82) of equally eligible older patients. There were three study losses in each group (3,7%), giving a final comparison number of 79. Patient data included disease stage, treatment type and complications, recurrence time and site and survival time. Tumour pathological characteristics were reviewed and evidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) was sought on histology and cytology specimens. Life table analyses were performed on the survival data and compared by the logrank test. The covariates of disease stage, treatment type and tumour type were included in the analysis of the effect of age group on survival. Multivariate analysis with a proportional hazards general linear model was performed for simultaneous control of confounding factors. Other disease characteristics were compared using the Chi-square test. The overall proportion of young women was 11,6%. (This did not change for the period 1984 1988.) Five-year survival was 57% for the young and 46% for the older group (not statistically significant: p = 0,198). There was no statistically significant difference in a number of characteristics, including tumour size, endocervical site, grade or type. There were 8 non-squamous tumours in the young {10%). Residual disease, time to recurrence, rate and site of distant metastasis, and treatment of recurrent tumour did not differ significantly; nor did rate of spread to lymph nodes, adequacy of follow-up or treatment complications. Evidence of HPV was found in 35% of evaluable histology and 21% of malignant cytology. There was no significant excess of HPV in the young group. The same applied to the length of the preinvasive phase and the false negative cytology rate - no significant differences were found. There were significantly more Stage lB tumours in the young group (p = 0,01), surgery was used more often for treatment in young patients (p = 0,027) and the difference in survival between the disease stages was highly significant (p 0,0001). Multivariate analysis showed that the effect of age on survival was non-significant (p = 0,850). The conclusion of the study is that cervical carcinoma in young women is not a different disease with a worse prognosis than in older women. Furthermore, it is not becoming more common in the young locally. Young women tend more often to have early stage disease.
2
Martins, Gabriela Siqueira [UNESP]. « Avaliação da existência de isolamento reprodutivo entre duas espécies de veados cinza (Mazama gouazoubira E Mazama nemorivaga) por meio de machos híbridos ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143021.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T18:48:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2015-11-26. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-08-12T18:51:09Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
000864603.pdf: 999765 bytes, checksum: 44addd5ee8876eb8b895c587d7d4a5a9 (MD5)O veado-catingueiro (Mazama gouazoubira) e o veado-roxo (Mazama nemorivaga) possuem características morfológicas semelhantes e distribuição parapátrica, que colocaram em dúvida a classificação taxonômica de M. nemorivaga como espécie válida durante muitos anos. Estudos citogenéticos e morfológicos sugerem M. nemorivaga como espécie válida, porém, na maioria dos conceitos de espécie aceitos atualmente, está implícita a ideia de que duas espécies devem ser não apenas geneticamente distintas, mas reprodutivamente isoladas. Este estudo avaliou a presença de isolamento reprodutivo pós-zigótico entre M. gouazoubira e M. nemorivaga como forma de elucidar a classificação taxonômica deste último. Para tal, foram avaliadas as características seminais, histologia testicular e perfis de metabólitos fecais da testosterona de seis animais, frutos de cruzamentos intra e interespecíficos sendo três M. gouazoubira puros (PG), um M. nemorivaga puro (PN) e dois híbridos (H). Ao longo do estudo material seminal e testicular de mais dois animais puros, um M. gouazoubira e um M. nemorivaga foram acrescentados ás análises. Os resultados mostram que cinco dos seis animais puros analisados (PG1, PG2, PG4, PN1 e PN2) tiveram bom desempenho na análise reprodutiva, enquadrando-se nos parâmetros observados para suas respectivas espécies. O híbrido H1 provou-se completamente estéril enquanto que H2 apresentou severa subfertilidade, parâmetros relacionados diretamente com uma baixa secreção de testosterona e estrutura testicular hipoplásica. Acredita-se que a diferença de níveis reprodutivos entre híbridos esteja diretamente relacionada com o sexo de seus parentais. O animal PG3 apresentou péssimo potencial reprodutivo, provavelmente ligado a um defeito congênito não elucidado. Com base nos dados obtidos, é possível sugerir a existência de isolamento reprodutivo entre M. gouazoubira e M. nemorivaga, reforçando a...
The brown brocket deer (Mazamagouazoubira) and the amazonian brown brocket deer (Mazamanemorivaga) have similar morphological features and parapatric distribution, which questioned thetaxonomic classification of M. nemorivagaas a species for many years. Cytogenetic and morphometric studies suggest M. nemorivaga as a valid species but in most species concepts currently accepted is implicit the idea that two species should not only be genetically distinct, but reproductively isolated. This study evaluated the presence of post zygotic reproductive isolation between M. gouazoubira and M. nemorivaga to elucidate the taxonomic classification of the latter. To this end, seminal characteristics, testicular histology and profiles of testosterone of six animals, intra and interespecificbreeding products were evaluated: three pure M. gouazoubira (PG), a pure M. nemorivaga (PN) and two hybrids (H). Throughout the study testicular and seminal material of two pure animals (one M. gouazoubira and one M. nemorivaga) were added in the analyzes. The results show that five of the six purebreds analyzed (PG1, PG2, PG4, PN1 and PN2) performed well in reproductive analysis, fitting the parameters observed for their respective species. The hybrid H1 was completely sterile while H2 showed severe subfertility, parameters directlyrelated with a low secretion of testosterone and testicular hypoplasia. It is believed that the difference of reproductive parameters between the hybridswas directly related to the sex of their parents. The PG3 animal showed bad reproductive potential, probably linked to a birth defect not elucidated. Based on these data it is possible to suggest the existence of reproductive isolation between M. gouazoubira and M. nemorivaga reinforcing the need for revision of these groups to define their taxonomic position
3
Martins, Gabriela Siqueira. « Avaliação da existência de isolamento reprodutivo entre duas espécies de veados cinza (Mazama gouazoubira E Mazama nemorivaga) por meio de machos híbridos / ». Jaboticabal, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/143021.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: José Maurício Barbanti DuarteBanca: Juan Carranza Almansa
Banca: Ricardo José Garcia Pereira
Resumo: O veado-catingueiro (Mazama gouazoubira) e o veado-roxo (Mazama nemorivaga) possuem características morfológicas semelhantes e distribuição parapátrica, que colocaram em dúvida a classificação taxonômica de M. nemorivaga como espécie válida durante muitos anos. Estudos citogenéticos e morfológicos sugerem M. nemorivaga como espécie válida, porém, na maioria dos conceitos de espécie aceitos atualmente, está implícita a ideia de que duas espécies devem ser não apenas geneticamente distintas, mas reprodutivamente isoladas. Este estudo avaliou a presença de isolamento reprodutivo pós-zigótico entre M. gouazoubira e M. nemorivaga como forma de elucidar a classificação taxonômica deste último. Para tal, foram avaliadas as características seminais, histologia testicular e perfis de metabólitos fecais da testosterona de seis animais, frutos de cruzamentos intra e interespecíficos sendo três M. gouazoubira puros (PG), um M. nemorivaga puro (PN) e dois híbridos (H). Ao longo do estudo material seminal e testicular de mais dois animais puros, um M. gouazoubira e um M. nemorivaga foram acrescentados ás análises. Os resultados mostram que cinco dos seis animais puros analisados (PG1, PG2, PG4, PN1 e PN2) tiveram bom desempenho na análise reprodutiva, enquadrando-se nos parâmetros observados para suas respectivas espécies. O híbrido H1 provou-se completamente estéril enquanto que H2 apresentou severa subfertilidade, parâmetros relacionados diretamente com uma baixa secreção de testosterona e estrutura testicular hipoplásica. Acredita-se que a diferença de níveis reprodutivos entre híbridos esteja diretamente relacionada com o sexo de seus parentais. O animal PG3 apresentou péssimo potencial reprodutivo, provavelmente ligado a um defeito congênito não elucidado. Com base nos dados obtidos, é possível sugerir a existência de isolamento reprodutivo entre M. gouazoubira e M. nemorivaga, reforçando a...
Abstract: The brown brocket deer (Mazamagouazoubira) and the amazonian brown brocket deer (Mazamanemorivaga) have similar morphological features and parapatric distribution, which questioned thetaxonomic classification of M. nemorivagaas a species for many years. Cytogenetic and morphometric studies suggest M. nemorivaga as a valid species but in most species concepts currently accepted is implicit the idea that two species should not only be genetically distinct, but reproductively isolated. This study evaluated the presence of post zygotic reproductive isolation between M. gouazoubira and M. nemorivaga to elucidate the taxonomic classification of the latter. To this end, seminal characteristics, testicular histology and profiles of testosterone of six animals, intra and interespecificbreeding products were evaluated: three pure M. gouazoubira (PG), a pure M. nemorivaga (PN) and two hybrids (H). Throughout the study testicular and seminal material of two pure animals (one M. gouazoubira and one M. nemorivaga) were added in the analyzes. The results show that five of the six purebreds analyzed (PG1, PG2, PG4, PN1 and PN2) performed well in reproductive analysis, fitting the parameters observed for their respective species. The hybrid H1 was completely sterile while H2 showed severe subfertility, parameters directlyrelated with a low secretion of testosterone and testicular hypoplasia. It is believed that the difference of reproductive parameters between the hybridswas directly related to the sex of their parents. The PG3 animal showed bad reproductive potential, probably linked to a birth defect not elucidated. Based on these data it is possible to suggest the existence of reproductive isolation between M. gouazoubira and M. nemorivaga reinforcing the need for revision of these groups to define their taxonomic position
Mestre
4
Zeleniūtė, Vitalija. « Elninių žvėrių gausa ir jų poveikio mitybos ištekliams įvertinimas Kuršėnų miškų urėdijoje ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20140627_170817-45630.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Šio darbo tikslas buvo išstudijuoti elninių žvėrių (briedžių, tauriųjų elnių ir europinių stirnų) gausumą 2009-2010 m. žiemojimo periodu Kuršėnų urėdijos miškuose ir palyginti skirtingų miškų gautus rezultatus. Tyrimai atlikti 18 miškų, naudojant McCain netiesioginę elninių žvėrių apskaitą pagal jų paliekamus ekskrementus bei Aldous medžių pažeidimo metodą. Pagal atliktus tyrimus, vidutinis elninių žvėrių tankumas Kuršėnų urėdijos miškuose 2009-2010 m. žiemojimo periodu buvo 14, 7 individų tūkstančiui hektarų. Briedžių tankumas tirtame regione buvo du kartus didesnis, lyginant su vidutiniu briedžių tankumu visoje Lietuvos teritorijoje, tauriųjų elnių – labai panašus, o stirnų buvo dvigubai mažesnis. Taigi, tirtuose miškuose yra gausu stambiųjų elninių, tačiau jie konkuruoja su stirnomis. Vidutinis briedžių ir tauriųjų elnių tankumas tirtuose miškuose atitinka ekologinį ir ūkiškai leistiną elninių žvėrių gausumą Lietuvos miškams, o stirnų yra du kartus mažesnis, tačiau, atsižvelgiant į mitybinę konkurenciją, taurusis elnias laikomas pagrindine elninių žvėrių rūšimi tirtoje vietovėje, tad pagrindinis dėmesys turėtų būti skiriamas jo populiacijų gausinimui. Elniniai žvėrys pagal mitybos specializaciją renkasi skirtingus biotopus. Didžiausias briedžių gausumas nustatytas krūmynuose, tauriųjų elnių – pievose, o europinių stirnų – dirbamų laukų biotopuose. Vidutinis dendrofloros panaudojimo pašarams intensyvumas Kuršėnų urėdijos miškuose buvo 18,5 %, bet netgi didžiausi pažeidimai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The aim of this study was to find out the density of cervids during wintering period in Kušėnai forests and to compare gathered data with density in different forest. The research have been conducted in 18 forests, using McCain indirect record by excrement and Aldous trees damage method. Studies have shown that the average density of cervids in surveyed areas is 14.7 individuals per thousand hectares. Moose density in this region is twice higher than average moose density in whole Lithuania, red deer – very similar, roe deer density is half lower. Therefore, explored forests is rich of large ungulate mammals, but they compete with roe deers. The average abundance of red deer and moose satisfies commercially and ecologicaly acceptable ones, also roe deer density is more than two times smaller, bur in aspect of the competition diet, red deer is considered to be the main cervid species in studied forests, so more attention should be paid to increase their population. Cervids by specificity of their species in different forests choose similar biotopes. The highest abundance of moose were in scrubs, red deer – in meadows, roe deer – in cultivated fields. The average of tree damage in stydy areas is 18.5 percent, but even the highest nutrient load does not exceed the recommended rate (30–40 %), so there is no danger to natural forest regeneration.
5
Perucchini, Matteo. « The cervid PrP gene : patterns of variability and selection ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15634.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Variation at codon 132 of the Cervus canadensis (wapiti) PRNP has been claimed to modulate Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD), a relatively new TSE affecting cervid species and currently the only TSE naturally affecting both captive and free-ranging populations. Codon 132 corresponds to the human codon 129 and variation at this position has been associated with TSE-related balancing selection in humans. This thesis investigated the genetic variability and selective patterns of coding and non-coding regions of PRNP in free-ranging populations of C. Canadensis and C. elaphus (CWD-free species closely related to wapiti) to gain a better understanding of the possible functional or disease-related forces shaping PrP genetics. The study of codon 132 genotype patterns in CWD+VE and CWD-VE wapiti provided no evidence for genetic modulation of CWD susceptibility, challenging previously published data. Despite this, a modulatory role of this residue in CWD incubation time, as suggested by many, is still possible. The analysis of the variability patterns in the PrP gene of the two cervid species suggested the presence of purifying selection. This was also supported by analyses aimed at identifying positively selected sites, which showed that codon 100 was the only site under positive selection throughout mammalian evolution, while the rest of the protein was under strong purifying selection. These data provide further support for the hypothesis suggesting a key cellular role for the PrP protein. The adaptive pressures driving selection at codon 100 are unknown, although they are most likely to be related to PrP function. A role for variation at this position in the interaction of the PrP protein with cell membrane translocation factors is proposed. The study provided an insight into the possible forces shaping PrP genetics and revaluated the role of variation at codon 132 in the wapiti PRNP gene in relation to CWD susceptibility.
6
SERRA, CYRILLE. « Les evidements ganglionnaires cervico-parotidiens ». Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE6826.
Texte intégral
7
CROMBEZ, GERY. « Les tumeurs nerveuses cervico-faciales ». Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL2M281.
Texte intégral
8
Rémy, Delphine. « Caractérisation techno-économique d'industries en bois de cervidés du Badegoulien et du Magdalénien : le cas du Rond-du-Barry (Haute-Loire) et de Rochereil (Dordogne) ». Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30092/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’analyse technologique des industries osseuses paléolithiques est une discipline encorerelativement jeune. Nous avons appliqué cette méthode d’analyse à deux assemblages : celuide la grotte du Rond-du-Barry (Haute-Loire) qui a livré une longue séquence allant duBadegoulien ancien au Magdalénien supérieur ; et celui de la grotte de Rochereil (Dordogne)qui a livré un ensemble attribué au Magdalénien supérieur.Dans une perspective synchronique, l’analyse technologique a permis de défi nir les modalitésd’exploitation des bois de cervidés dans ces gisements pour chaque période envisagée duBadegoulien ancien jusqu’au Magdalénien supérieur, pour les replacer dans le contexte généralde ces groupes chrono-culturels tels qu’ils sont connus à l’heure actuelle.Dans une perspective diachronique, nous analysons dans leur aspect technologique leschangements qui sont intervenus dans le travail des bois de cervidés entre le Badegoulien etle Magdalénien, changements qui se caractérisent avant tout par l’abandon du débitage parpercussion directe et le retour au débitage par double rainurage. Enfi n nous discutons du rôleet du statut qu’ont pu détenir ces deux gisements dans leur contexte local et régionalTechnological analysis of paleolithic bone industries is a still relatively young discipline. Weapplied this method to the material from two sites: the Rond-du-Barry (Haute-Loire) whichdelivered a long sequence from ancient Badegoulian to upper Magdalenian ; and Rochereil(Dordogne) which delivered an assemblage attributed to upper Magdalenian.In a synchronic perspective, the technological analysis allowed to defi ne the modalitiesof exploitation of antler in these sites for every period, from ancient Badegoulien to upperMagdalenian, and then to replace them in the general context of these chrono-cultural groupssuch as they are known at the moment.In a diachronic perspective, we analyze, in their technological aspect, the changes thatoccurred in antlerworking between the Badegoulian and the Magdalenian, which are aboveall characterized by the abandonment of the debitage by direct percussion and the groove andsplinter technique. Finally we discuss the role and the status of these two sites in their localand regional context
9
Kawanami, Aline Eyko [UNESP]. « Pesquisa de agentes virais de doenças hemorrágicas em cervídeos brasileiros : Imunodetecção de células-tronco tumorais em neoplasias mamárias caninas ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96003.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2012-07-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:15:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
kawanami_ae_me_jabo.pdf: 824530 bytes, checksum: e2cb2bd3bc907bc0688a009fdfc6fefd (MD5)Os cervídeos têm sido acometidos por doenças hemorrágicas virais, tais como, doença epizoótica hemorrágica (DEH), língua azul (LA) e doença hemorrágica por adenovírus (DHA). Como as lesões macroscópicas, entre elas, enterite hemorrágica, edema pulmonar, petéquias e sufusões em diversos órgãos, são observadas nas três doenças, há necessidade de técnicas acuradas para realizar o diagnóstico definitivo. A partir do material de arquivo (blocos de parafina) existente no Departamento de Patologia Veterinária da FCAV – Unesp, 42 cervídeos brasileiros, tanto de vida livre como de cativeiro, foram selecionados, por apresentarem sinais clínicos e/ou lesões macroscópicas sugestivas de doenças virais hemorrágicas. Das amostras analisadas, utilizando técnica de imunoistoquímica, todas apresentaram resultado negativo para adenovírus. Utilizando técnica de RT-PCR em tempo real para vírus da doença epizoótica hemorrágica, os resultados foram também negativos. A mesma técnica aplicada para vírus da língua azul revelou sete animais positivos (16,66%) confirmados com eletroforese em gel de agarose 4% e sequenciamento. Todos os casos positivos foram de animais provenientes de cativeiro, sendo três fêmeas (duas jovens, uma adulta) e quatro machos jovens. As principais alterações macroscópicas observadas nesses animais foram conteúdo intestinal hemorrágico, mucosas avermelhadas do trato gastrointestinal, úlceras em língua e petéquias em diversos órgãos. Na histologia observou-se principalmente infiltrado inflamatório, hemorragia e congestão em diversos órgãos. Os vírus da DHA e DEH não estão envolvidos nos óbitos dos cervídeos estudados. A relevância deste trabalho está no fato de ser a primeira descrição de material genético do vírus da LA em cervídeos brasileiros
Cervids have been affected by viral hemorrhagic diseases, such as Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD), Bluetongue (BT), and Adenoviral hemorrhagic disease (AHD). Once that gross lesions, among them, hemorrhagic enteritis, pulmonary edema, petechiae and suffusions in several organs, are similar, it is necessary to use accurate techniques to the definitive diagnosis. From the archival material (paraffin blocks) available in the Department of Veterinary Pathology of FCAV – Unesp, 42 Brazilian deer, both free living and captive, were selected because they had lesions suggestive of hemorrhagic viral disease. The samples analyzed, using Immunohistochemistry, were all negative for adenovirus. Using real time RT-PCR for EHD, the results were also negative. The same technique applied to BT virus revealed seven positive animals (16,66%) confirmed after agarose 4% gel electrophoresis and gene sequencing. The main macroscopic changes observed in these animals were hemorrhagic intestinal contents, reddish mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, ulcers on tongue and petechiae in various organs. Mostly histological changes observed were inflammatory infiltrate, hemorrhage, and congestion in various organs. All positive cases were from captive animals, three females (two young and one adult), and four young males. The AHD and EHD virus are not involved in the deaths of the deers studied in this research. The significance of this study is due to the fact that it was the first time the genome of BT virus was identified in Brazilian cervids
10
Kawanami, Aline Eyko. « Pesquisa de agentes virais de doenças hemorrágicas em cervídeos brasileiros : Imunodetecção de células-tronco tumorais em neoplasias mamárias caninas / ». Jaboticabal, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96003.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: Karin WertherBanca: Eliana Reiko Matushima
Banca: Eveline dos Santos Zanetti
Resumo: Os cervídeos têm sido acometidos por doenças hemorrágicas virais, tais como, doença epizoótica hemorrágica (DEH), língua azul (LA) e doença hemorrágica por adenovírus (DHA). Como as lesões macroscópicas, entre elas, enterite hemorrágica, edema pulmonar, petéquias e sufusões em diversos órgãos, são observadas nas três doenças, há necessidade de técnicas acuradas para realizar o diagnóstico definitivo. A partir do material de arquivo (blocos de parafina) existente no Departamento de Patologia Veterinária da FCAV - Unesp, 42 cervídeos brasileiros, tanto de vida livre como de cativeiro, foram selecionados, por apresentarem sinais clínicos e/ou lesões macroscópicas sugestivas de doenças virais hemorrágicas. Das amostras analisadas, utilizando técnica de imunoistoquímica, todas apresentaram resultado negativo para adenovírus. Utilizando técnica de RT-PCR em tempo real para vírus da doença epizoótica hemorrágica, os resultados foram também negativos. A mesma técnica aplicada para vírus da língua azul revelou sete animais positivos (16,66%) confirmados com eletroforese em gel de agarose 4% e sequenciamento. Todos os casos positivos foram de animais provenientes de cativeiro, sendo três fêmeas (duas jovens, uma adulta) e quatro machos jovens. As principais alterações macroscópicas observadas nesses animais foram conteúdo intestinal hemorrágico, mucosas avermelhadas do trato gastrointestinal, úlceras em língua e petéquias em diversos órgãos. Na histologia observou-se principalmente infiltrado inflamatório, hemorragia e congestão em diversos órgãos. Os vírus da DHA e DEH não estão envolvidos nos óbitos dos cervídeos estudados. A relevância deste trabalho está no fato de ser a primeira descrição de material genético do vírus da LA em cervídeos brasileiros
Abstract: Cervids have been affected by viral hemorrhagic diseases, such as Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD), Bluetongue (BT), and Adenoviral hemorrhagic disease (AHD). Once that gross lesions, among them, hemorrhagic enteritis, pulmonary edema, petechiae and suffusions in several organs, are similar, it is necessary to use accurate techniques to the definitive diagnosis. From the archival material (paraffin blocks) available in the Department of Veterinary Pathology of FCAV - Unesp, 42 Brazilian deer, both free living and captive, were selected because they had lesions suggestive of hemorrhagic viral disease. The samples analyzed, using Immunohistochemistry, were all negative for adenovirus. Using real time RT-PCR for EHD, the results were also negative. The same technique applied to BT virus revealed seven positive animals (16,66%) confirmed after agarose 4% gel electrophoresis and gene sequencing. The main macroscopic changes observed in these animals were hemorrhagic intestinal contents, reddish mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, ulcers on tongue and petechiae in various organs. Mostly histological changes observed were inflammatory infiltrate, hemorrhage, and congestion in various organs. All positive cases were from captive animals, three females (two young and one adult), and four young males. The AHD and EHD virus are not involved in the deaths of the deers studied in this research. The significance of this study is due to the fact that it was the first time the genome of BT virus was identified in Brazilian cervids
Mestre
11
Cap, Henri. « Comportement et systématique : le cas des Cervidae (Ruminantia, Pecora) ». Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30189.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La position phylogénétique des Cervidae dans l'infra-ordre des Pecora a longtemps fait l'objet de nombreuses controverses, dont la plus récente est la confrontation des données morphologiques aux données moléculaires. Dans le but d'élargir le débat, notre étude propose d'étudier le répertoire comportemental de douze espèces de Pecora dont neuf Cervidae, afin de préciser leurs relations de parentés. Les résultats de nos observations éthologiques ont ainsi permis d'identifier des « éthotypes hypothétiques ancestraux », qui montrent que les Cervidae forment un groupe monophylétique constitué par deux lignées : la sous-famille des Cervinae ou plésiométacarpaliens qui apparaît comme un groupe naturel et les Cervidae télémétacarpaliens, Hydropotinae et Capreolinae. Ces derniers présentent deux groupes, avec un clade qui correspond aux Odocoileini et aux Rangiferi, et un groupe paraphylétique, constitué par les Hydropotini, les Capreolini et les Alceini. Une origine eurasiatique pour l'ensemble des Cervidae a été avancé, ainsi que la perte secondaire des bois chez Hydropotes. D'autre part, les Moschidae apparaissent comme le groupe frère des Cervidae, et les Bovidae semblent plus apparentés aux Cervoidea que ne le sont les Giraffidae. Une analyse impliquant d'avantage de taxons serait nécessaire, non seulement pour affiner nos résultats et notre méthode d'utilisation des données éthologiques, mais aussi pour discuter des perspectives théoriques qu'engendre l'apport du comportement en systématique phylogénétiqueThe phylogenetic position of Cervidae in the Pecoran infraorder caused many controversies, of which the most recent is the confrontation of the morphological data to the molecular data. With an aim to enlarge the debate, our research proposes to study the behavioral repertory of twelve species of Pecora including nine Cervidae, in order to specify their interrelationships. The results of our ethologic observations thus allowed to identify "ancestral hypothetical éthotypes", which show that Cervidae form a monophyletic group made up by two lineages : plesiometacarpals Cervids or Cervinae which appear as a natural group and telemetacarpals Cervids, Hydropotinae and Capreolinae. The last one presents two groups, with a clade which corresponds to Odocoileini and Rangiferi, and a paraphyletic group, consisted by Hydropotini, Capreolini and Alceini. A eurasiatic origin for Cervidae was advanced, as well as Hydropotes is secondarily antlerless. On the other hand, Moschidae appear as the sister group of Cervidae, and Bovidae seem more related in Cervoidea than are to it Giraffidae. An analysis implying more taxa would be necessary, not only to refine our results and our method of using ethological data, but also to discuss of the theorical prospects generated by the behaviour content in phylogenetic systematics
12
Tomazella, Iara Maluf [UNESP]. « Análise de polimorfismo cromossômico em Mazama gouazoubira (Artiodactyla ; Cervidae) : implicações para a evolução cariotípica em cervidae ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148533.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Submitted by Iara Maluf Tomazella null (iara_tomazella@hotmail.com) on 2017-01-11T17:32:01Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Tese Iara Tomazella - Exemplar definitivo.pdf: 3067128 bytes, checksum: a31fbf1f6b0cc7e28450ded47033bde6 (MD5)Rejected by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido não contém o certificado de aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão com o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2017-01-12T16:27:03Z (GMT)
Submitted by Iara Maluf Tomazella null (iara_tomazella@hotmail.com) on 2017-01-17T17:22:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Iara Tomazella repositório.pdf: 3251616 bytes, checksum: ae9f89d671c6cbd6a55d8e1f7d64acea (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by LUIZA DE MENEZES ROMANETTO (luizamenezes@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-01-18T19:17:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tomazella_im_dr_jabo.pdf: 3251616 bytes, checksum: ae9f89d671c6cbd6a55d8e1f7d64acea (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-18T19:17:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tomazella_im_dr_jabo.pdf: 3251616 bytes, checksum: ae9f89d671c6cbd6a55d8e1f7d64acea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-01
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Mazama gouazoubira (2n=70; NF=70), popularmente chamado de veado-catingueiro, é conhecido por apresentar fragilidade cromossômica, responsável pela variação cromossômica intraespecífica, caracterizada pela presença de translocações Robertsonianas e cromossomos B. Não existem dados sobre a localização das regiões cromossômicas envolvidas com os rearranjos em M. gouazoubira e com a possível existência de sítios frágeis (SFs) nos pontos em que ocorrem esses rearranjos. Assim, torna-se necessário avaliar o polimorfismo cromossômico apresentado pela espécie e identificar os SFs, investigando sua relação com o polimorfismo. Dos 135 animais analisados, 68 (50,37%) são individuos variantes, 47 animais (69,12%) apresentaram cromossomos B, seis animais (8,82%) são heterozigotos para uma translocação Robertsoniana, um indivíduo (1,47%) é homozigoto para uma translocação Robertsoniana, 14 animais (20,59%) são portadores de cromossomos B e heterozigotos para uma translocação Robertsoniana. Foram identificados sete tipos distintos de translocações (X;16, X;21, 7;21, 8;21, 4;16, 20;26, 14;16), envolvendo nove cromossomos diferentes. As translocações X-autossômicas foram confirmadas pelas técnicas de banda C, coloração Ag-RON, hibridização in situ fluorescente (FISH) com sondas teloméricas e pintura cromossômica com a sonda específica do cromossomo X. Foi observada uma grande variabilidade de cromossomos B entre os indivíduos analisados, sendo esses cromossomos altamente heterogêneos em relação aos padrões de distribuição de heterocromatina, presença e quantidade de rDNA nas regiões organizadores de nucléolos (RON), localização de sequências teloméricas e homologias entre lotes A e B. A afidicolina foi um eficiente indutor de sítios frágeis comuns (SFCs), revelando a ocorrência de SFCs na forma de “gaps” e quebras, tanto cromatídicas como cromossômicas. A técnica de banda G localizou 531 SFCs distribuídos em 18 pares cromossômicos (X, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22 e 34), sendo que a maioria está localizada em pontos de transição entre as bandas claras e as bandas escuras. As diferentes taxas de SFCs apresentada por cada cromossomo mostrou que alguns pares cromossômicos são mais frágeis do que outros. Dos 18 pares cromossômicos com SFCs, sete estão relacionados com as translocações Robertsonianas observadas no veado-catingueiro e somente um cromossomo envolvido no polimorfismo não possui SFCs. Assim, o polimorfismo cromossômico apresentado pelo M. gouazoubira pode estar relacionado com a fragilidade cromossômica. É necessário aprofundar os estudos para entender qual o impacto desse polimorfismo na população brasileira do veado-catingueiro.
Mazama gouazoubira (2n = 70; FN = 70), popylarly known as brown brocket deer, is known to have chromosomal fragility, which is responsible for intraspecific chromosome variation, characterized by the presence of Robertsonian translocations and B chromosomes. There are no data of the location of the chromosome regions involved in rearrangements of M. gouazoubira and the possible existence of fragile sites (FSs) in points where breaks occur. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the chromosomal polymorphism presented by this species and to identify the FSs, investigating the relationship between FSs and polymorphism. Were analyzed 135 animals, of which 68 (50.37%) were variant individuals, 47 animals (69.12%) had B chromosomes, six animals (8.82%) were heterozygous for a Robertsonian translocation, one individual (1.47%) was homozygous for a Robertsonian translocation, 14 animals (20.59%) presented both B chromosomes and heterozygotes for a Robertsonian translocation. Were identified seven different types of translocations (X;16, X;21, 4;16, 14;16, 7;21, 20;26, 8;21) involving nine different chromosomes. X-autosomal translocations were confirmed by C-banding, Ag-NOR staining, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with telomeric probes and chromosome painting with X chromosome-specific probe. A large variability of B chromosomes was observed among the analyzed individuals. These chromosomes were highly heterogeneous in relation to pattern of heterochromatin distribution, presence and amount of rDNA in nucleolar organizer region (NOR), lozalization of telomeric sequences and homologies between chromosome complements A and B. Aphidicolin was an efficient inducer of common fragile sites (CFSs), showing the occurrence of CFSs in gaps and breaks, both chromatid and chromosomal. The G-banding located 531 CFSs distributed in 18 chromosome pairs (X, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22 and 34). It was found that the most CFSs are localized at the boundaries between the bright bands and dark bands. The different rates of CFSs presented by each chromosome showed that some chromosome pairs are more fragile than others. Of the 18 chromosomes pais with CFSs, seven are related to the Robertsonian translocations observed in brown brocket deer, and only one chromosome involved with polymorphism does not have CFSs. Thus, the chromosomal polymorphism presented by M. gouazoubira may be related to chromosomal fragility. It is necessary to deepen the studies to understand the impact of this polymorphism on the Brazilian population of brown brocket deer.
FAPESP: 2013/06100-7
13
Tomazella, Iara Maluf. « Análise de polimorfismo cromossômico em Mazama gouazoubira (Artiodactyla ; Cervidae) : implicações para a evolução cariotípica em cervidae / ». Jaboticabal, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148533.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: José Maurício Barbanti DuarteBanca: Patrícia Pasquali Parise Maltempi
Banca: Fausto Foresti
Banca: Denise Crispim Tavares
Banca: Jackson Antônio Marcondes de Souza
Resumo: Mazama gouazoubira (2n=70; NF=70), popularmente chamado de veado-catingueiro, é conhecido por apresentar fragilidade cromossômica, responsável pela variação cromossômica intraespecífica, caracterizada pela presença de translocações Robertsonianas e cromossomos B. Não existem dados sobre a localização das regiões cromossômicas envolvidas com os rearranjos em M. gouazoubira e com a possível existência de sítios frágeis (SFs) nos pontos em que ocorrem esses rearranjos. Assim, torna-se necessário avaliar o polimorfismo cromossômico apresentado pela espécie e identificar os SFs, investigando sua relação com o polimorfismo. Dos 135 animais analisados, 68 (50,37%) são individuos variantes, 47 animais (69,12%) apresentaram cromossomos B, seis animais (8,82%) são heterozigotos para uma translocação Robertsoniana, um indivíduo (1,47%) é homozigoto para uma translocação Robertsoniana, 14 animais (20,59%) são portadores de cromossomos B e heterozigotos para uma translocação Robertsoniana. Foram identificados sete tipos distintos de translocações (X;16, X;21, 7;21, 8;21, 4;16, 20;26, 14;16), envolvendo nove cromossomos diferentes. As translocações X-autossômicas foram confirmadas pelas técnicas de banda C, coloração Ag-RON, hibridização in situ fluorescente (FISH) com sondas teloméricas e pintura cromossômica com a sonda específica do cromossomo X. Foi observada uma grande variabilidade de cromossomos B entre os indivíduos analisados, sendo esses cromossomos altamente heterogêneos em rela... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Mazama gouazoubira (2n = 70; FN = 70), popylarly known as brown brocket deer, is known to have chromosomal fragility, which is responsible for intraspecific chromosome variation, characterized by the presence of Robertsonian translocations and B chromosomes. There are no data of the location of the chromosome regions involved in rearrangements of M. gouazoubira and the possible existence of fragile sites (FSs) in points where breaks occur. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the chromosomal polymorphism presented by this species and to identify the FSs, investigating the relationship between FSs and polymorphism. Were analyzed 135 animals, of which 68 (50.37%) were variant individuals, 47 animals (69.12%) had B chromosomes, six animals (8.82%) were heterozygous for a Robertsonian translocation, one individual (1.47%) was homozygous for a Robertsonian translocation, 14 animals (20.59%) presented both B chromosomes and heterozygotes for a Robertsonian translocation. Were identified seven different types of translocations (X;16, X;21, 4;16, 14;16, 7;21, 20;26, 8;21) involving nine different chromosomes. X-autosomal translocations were confirmed by C-banding, Ag-NOR staining, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with telomeric probes and chromosome painting with X chromosome-specific probe. A large variability of B chromosomes was observed among the analyzed individuals. These chromosomes were highly heterogeneous in relation to pattern of heterochromatin distribution, presence and amount of rDNA in nucleolar organizer region (NOR), lozalization of telomeric sequences and homologies between chromosome complements A and B. Aphidicolin was an efficient inducer of common fragile sites (CFSs), showing the occurrence of CFSs in gaps and breaks, both chromatid and chromosomal. The G-banding located 531 CFSs distributed in 18 chromosome (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
14
Pedersen, Simen. « Effects of native and introduced cervids on small mammals and birds ». Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15935.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cervids are a widespread family of ungulates, native to the Americas, Europe and Asia and introduced to Australia. Densities of cervids have increased in North America, Europe and Japan during the last couple of decades, due to changes in land use, reduced hunting, lack of large carnivores and changes in management practices. Where they occur at high densities, native and introduced cervids may have profound effects on vegetation, causing knock-on effects on other taxa. Cervids are in some instances managed towards changing the local distribution through supplemental feeding. These supplemental feeding stations are causing localized areas of high cervid abundance in the landscape, and may have effects on plants and animal species. In this thesis I investigate how high cervid densities and the practice of supplemental feeding impact birds and small mammals through effects on; 1) food resources, and 2) habitat structure. Utilizing a simulated moose (Alces alces) browsing experiment, I tested how varying moose densities and varying site productivity affects vole preference for bilberry. I found that voles preferred unbrowsed bilberry at low productivity sites, while they preferred lightly browsed bilberry at high productivity sites, I was however unable to explain the preference pattern with the chemical composition of the bilberry. However, moose do impact vole food preferences and this could, depending on the productivity of the site, potentially affect food selection and population dynamics over large geographical areas. Moose browsing pressure and nutrient input gradually decline with distance from supplemental winter feeding stations. I utilized this gradient to test how moose activity affects reproduction in pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) and great tits (Parus major). The two species showed contrasting responses to moose feeding stations, great tits preferred to nest away from feeding stations where they showed higher feeding frequency and also produced more fledglings compared to close to feeding stations. Pied flycatchers on the other hand preferred to nest close to feeding stations where they had higher feeding frequency and fledgling mass was higher compared to further away. Hence, for both species moose browsing is affecting food availability that subsequently affects reproductive performance. Moose supplemental feeding stations also changed the habitat for small mammals from dwarf shrub dominated to grass and forb dominated. This did not have any effect on reproductive performance of the small mammals, but it did affect species composition along a gradient from the feeding stations. There was higher abundance of Microtus spp. and common shrews (Sorex araneus) close to feeding stations, while bank voles (Myodes glareoleus) had higher abundance away from feeding stations, the latter however was not statistically significant. Small mammals in Australian coastal heath were generally negatively associated with introduced rusa deer (Cervus timorensis), however one species responded positively to historical densities of rusa deer. It was however not possible to confirm these effects as being due to changes in habitat structure for the small mammals. However they may be explained by qualitative changes in the vegetation or alternatively by direct effects of deer through trampling or predation. Cervids and their management have an impact on other fauna, however the effects vary depending on small mammal and bird species. The effects of cervids also depend on the habitat requirements and foraging preferences of the small mammals and birds. Effects may be mediated through both food resources and habitat structure and are dependent on site productivity and cervid density.
15
Miniutti, Giacomo Francesco. « Analisi energetica dell'ospedale Cervesi di Cattolica ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14796/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La tesi si pone l'obbiettivo di analizzare, dal punto di vista energetico, l'ospedale "Cervesi" di Cattolica.
E' stata fatta una descrizione della struttura, mettendo in evidenza la stratigrafia dei muri di tamponamento esterno e le caratteristiche delle vetrate presenti, ed è stato fatto un censimento degli impianti adibiti al riscaldamento invernale e alla produzione di ACS presenti nella centrale termica.
Dopo la raccolta dei dati è stata ridisegnata in 3D la struttura dell'ospedale su Sketchup e poi importata su Trnsys per operare delle simulazioni sul funzionamento dinamico degli impianti. E' stato proposto l'inserimento di pompe di calore ad assorbimento nella centrale termica per risparmiare gas e ridurre le emissioni di CO2 e, simulatone il funzionamento, è stato calcolato il risparmio di gas metano e, di conseguenza, il risparmio economico. Potendo accedere a tre tipi di incentivi (detrazioni fiscali, conto termico, titoli di efficienza energetica) è stata verificata la convenienza dell'investimento per le pompe di calore sfruttando queste possibilità operando una valutazione sul VAN e PBT.
16
GUEGUEN, FRANCOIS. « Ramollissements de la region cervico-bulbaire ». Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT061M.
Texte intégral
17
Frayle, Salamanca Helena. « HPV e carcinoma della cervice uterina ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427327.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The identification of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) as a necessary cause for the development of cervical cancer and the detection of the different HPV oncogenic types through molecular techniques has made it possible the study of new strategies for the screening (triage, primary test) that can permit to identify with greater accuracy women at risk to develop a high-grade lesion or an invasive carcinoma. Given this information, we have performed search and typing of HPV sequences for triage of women with ASC-US diagnosis in a multicentric study that has involved five screening centres of the Veneto region to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of HPV test in comparison to the Pap test repetition or colposcopy . The use of HPV test as a primary screening test is the object of the NTCC (New Technologies for Cervical Cancer) randomized trial. It has been conducted on 95.000 women enrolled from 9 cervical screening programmes in Italy; the study has the goal to evaluate the efficacy of HPV test, in comparison to conventional Pap test, in detecting high risk lesions.
We also conducted a study of type-specific prevalence in invasive carcinomas of the uterine cervix.
The results show that the HC2 test is more sensitive and more specific than colposcopy and or Pap test for the triage of women with an ASC-US diagnosis.
In the NTCC study the HC2 test showed greater sensitivity compared to Pap test but lower specificity; it has been observed that increasing the cut-off value from 1 to 2 pg/ml the test shows better specificity maintaining comparable sensitivity. In both studies women with a negative HC2 test have shown a very low risk to develop high grade lesions.
The typing results, in all the studies, pointed out HPV 16 as the most frequent type and its elevated association with high-grade lesions.
Analyzing HPV 16 variants, it has emerged that most of the high grade lesions and cervical carcinomas are caused by the European variant T350G (L83V).
The technical aspects to consider for HPV search and typing are: the method of specimen collection, set of primers and typing method. The different strategies used have shown peculiar characteristics of sensitivity and specificity on identifying the different HPV types, and the use of a strategy with multiple methods has allowed, in both studies, to type more than 90% of the HC2+ specimens. All the typing methods have shown an elevated reliability in the detection of HPV 16 and HPV 18.L’identificazione del Papillomavirus Umano (HPV) come causa necessaria per lo sviluppo del carcinoma della cervice uterina e la rilevazione dei diversi tipi di HPV con diverso potenziale oncogeno mediante tecniche molecolari hanno reso possibile lo studio di nuove strategie nello screening (triage, test primario) basate su test molecolari che possono permettere di individuare con maggiore accuratezza le donne a rischio di sviluppare una lesione di alto grado o un carcinoma invasivo. Con questa informazione abbiamo effettuato la ricerca e la tipizzazione di sequenze HPV in diverse casistiche: come triage delle donne con diagnosi di ASC-US in uno studio multicentrico che ha coinvolto i servizi di screening di cinque ULSS del Veneto per valutare sensibilità e specificità del test HPV rispetto alla ripetizione del Pap test o alla colposcopia. L’utilizzo del test HPV nello screening come test primario è invece l’oggetto dello studio Nuove Tecnologie per lo screening del Carcinoma Cervicale (NTCC). Si tratta di un trial multicentrico randomizzato su 95.000 donne, in 9 centri di screening in Italia, il cui principale obiettivo è valutare se, rispetto al Pap test tradizionale, il test per la ricerca dei tipi ad alto rischio dell’HPV (HC2, Digene) permette di migliorare l’efficacia dello screening. Vengono qui presentati i dati di tipizzazione dei campioni HC2 positive delle donne arruolate a Padova. È stato condotto anche uno studio di valutazione della prevalenza tipo-specifica in carcinomi invasivi della cervice uterina. I risultati mostrano che il test HC2 nello studio ASC-US è più sensibile e più specifico rispetto alla colposcopia e alla ripetizione del Pap test. Nello studio NTCC il test HC2 ha mostrato una sensibilità più alta del Pap test ma una minore specificità; si è visto che aumentando il valore soglia da 1 a 2pg/ml migliora la specificità mantenendo una buona sensibilità. In entrambi gli studi le donne con un risultato negativo al test HC2 hanno mostrato un rischio molto basso di sviluppare lesioni di alto grado. Per quanto riguarda la tipizzazione i risultati indicano, in tutte le casistiche, l’HPV 16 come tipo più frequente e una sua elevata associazione con lesioni di alto grado e carcinomi. Analizzando le varianti virali dei campioni HPV 16 è emerso che la maggioranza delle lesioni di alto grado e i carcinomi cervicali sono associati alla variante virale europea T350G (L83V). Gli aspetti tecnici da considerare per la ricerca e la tipizzazione dell’HPV sono tipo e metodo di prelievo e conservazione del campione, set dei primers utilizzati, metodo di tipizzazione. Le diverse strategie da noi impiegate hanno mostrato caratteristiche peculiari di sensibilità e specificità nell’identificare i tipi di HPV, e va sottolineato che l’utilizzo di una strategia con più di una metodica ha permesso, in entrambi gli studi, di tipizzare più del 90% dei campioni. Tutti i metodi di tipizzazione hanno mostrato un’elevata affidabilità nella rilevazione di HPV 16 e HPV 18.
18
Chollet, Simon. « De la mise en évidence à la gestion de l’effet de cerf : Leçons pratiques et théoriques fournies par l’introduction du cerf à queue-noire sur Haïda Gwaii ». Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20219/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Depuis le début du 20ième siècle, les changements d'usage des terres, la disparition des prédateurs et les régulations de la chasse ont provoqué une augmentation des populations de cervidés dans les forêts tempérés et boréales. Ce phénomène, qui est un grand succès de la conservation de ces espèces, a toutefois conduit à des surabondances qui ont entrainé des effets négatifs en cascades sur la végétation et les communautés animales qui en dépendent.J'ai utilisé l'expérience naturelle qu'est l'introduction du cerf à queue noire sur l'archipel d'Haïda Gwaii pour étudier les conséquences de sa surabondance sur un écosystème tempéré peu perturbé par les activités anthropiques. J'ai ainsi pu mettre en évidence les contrôles descendants directs et indirects qu'exerce l'herbivore sur les Bryophytes (positifs), les plantes vasculaires (négatifs) et sur l'avifaune (négatifs) quand il n'est pas limité par les prédateurs ou la chasse.J'ai complété ces résultats par une analyse régionale sur 20 ans pour montrer que la perte de biodiversité enclenchée par la surabondance de ces cerfs était un phénomène d'érosion continu se prolongeant bien au-delà de l'impact initial. A l'échelle de l'Amérique du Nord, j'ai ensuite pu montrer, conformément aux prédictions faite à partir des études locales, qu'il existait une relation entre surabondance des populations d'ongulés et déclin de l'avifaune du sous-bois du continent. Enfin, j'ai analysé les suivis d'une expérience de réduction des densités de cerfs entamée sur deux îles il y a 13 ans. La végétation et l'avifaune se sont partiellement reconstituées démontrant qu'il est possible (1) de restaurer les réseaux trophiques fortement modifiés et (2) qu'une telle restauration si elle est possible prendra du temps et ne convergera pas (rapidement) vers un état initial. Afin de limiter les conséquences dommageables provoquées par la surabondance des cervidés, la conservation des prédateurs et l'augmentation de la chasse doivent être favorisésSince the past century land use changes, elimination of predators and hunting regulations triggered an increase of deer populations in temperate and boreal forests. This remarkable conservation success, lead to deer overabundance and to a cascade of negative effects on vegetation and on animal communities depending on it. I used the natural experiment provided by the introduction of black-tailed deer to Haida Gwaii to analyze the consequences of overabundant herbivore populations on temperate ecosystem only slightly modified by human activities. This unique situation allowed me to demonstrate the direct and indirect top-down effects that herbivores uncontrolled by predation or hunting exert on Bryophytes (positive) and Vascular plants (negative) as well as on songbirds (negative).I used an analysis of regional trends spanning over 20 years to show that biodiversity erosion caused by overabundant deer extends far beyond the initial impact. At the North-American scale I was able to establish a relationship between expanding deer populations and continent wide declines in understory birds. Finally I analyzed the results of an experimental reduction in deer populations initiated 13 years ago on two islands. The understory plants and songbirds responded positively and we show that (1) it is possible to restore trophic networks even after their dramatically modification, (2) that such a restoration while possible takes time and does not (rapidly) converge towards an identified initial state. From a practical standpoint I recommend that to mitigate negative effects of overabundant deer, predator conservation and hunting have to be promoted
19
Berlioz, Emilie. « Écologie alimentaire et paléoenvironnements des cervidés européens du Pléistocène inférieur : le message des textures de micro-usure dentaire ». Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT2292/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le refroidissement global et les oscillations entre cycles glaciaires et interglaciaires du Pléistocène inférieur ont pour conséquence une alternance entre milieux steppiques et forestiers, favorisant par là-même renouvellements et dispersions fauniques dont celui du genre Homo.Dans les interprétations paléoenvironnementales basées sur les assemblages fauniques, les cervidés, parmi les plus abondants mammifères, sont classiquement considérés comme forestiers, mais ce paradigme ne reflète pas la complexité de la diversité écologique réelle des cervidés.L'analyse texturale de 921 spécimens représentant les 5 cervidés actuels à l'écologie référencée a permis d'établir une robuste base de données et d'attester du lien significatif entre micro-usure dentaire et ressources végétales. L'analyse de 547 cervidés fossiles issus de 15 localités européennes souligne leur grande diversité écologique. Eucladoceros ctenoides et Metacervoceros rhenanus présentent une alimentation plastique. Leur analyse permet l'identification de réponses alimentaires adaptatives aux modifications environnementales liées aux oscillations climatiques. Ces deux cervidés, eurytopiques, constituent des indicateurs écologiques incontournables. La composante forestière supportée par la présence des cervidés est ici remise en cause ; les cervidés étant plus diversifiés écologiquement. L'analyse de la texture de la micro-usure dentaire des cervidés présents dans des sites européens, où la présence du genre Homo a été avancée, vise à identifier le type potentiel d'habitat favorable à sa dispersion en EurasieThe early Pleistocene is a period of global cooling and climatic oscillations punctuated by glacial and interglacial cycles. This period of climatic instability leads to an alternation of steppe and forest habitats resulting in faunal renewals and dispersals, including Homo dispersal.In paleoenvironmental reconstructions based on faunal assemblages, deer, which are among the most abundant mammals, are traditionally considered forest dwellers. However, this paradigm is far from reflecting the real complexity of deer ecological diversity.Via the textural analysis of 921 representatives of the 5 extant European deer with known ecology, a solid reference database has been setup. It attests of the significative link existing between dental micro-wear and vegetal resources. The analysis of 547 fossils from 15 European localities underlines the ecological diversity among fossil deer. Eucladoceros ctenoides and Metacervoceros rhenanus are plastic in their diet. The analysis of such deer allows the identification of dietary adaptive answers to environmental modifications resulting from climatic oscillations. Being eurytopic, they constitute essential proxies for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. The results challenge the link existing between the occurrence of deer and the presence of forest habitats, as deer are ecologically more diversified.The textural analysis of deer from European human bearing localities aims at characterizing potential habitats favorable toward Homo dispersion in Eurasia
20
Smith, Jye Geoffrey. « Bioimpedance mapping of the cervix ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/17782/1/Jye_Smith_Thesis.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bioimpedance spectroscopy has shown potential as a method for characterising biological tissue with the use of a tetrapolar electrode configuration. Brown et al. (2000) demonstrated that the configuration is capable of distinguishing between normal squamous epithelium and Cervical Intra-epithelial Neoplasia (CIN). However little has been done to identify the volumes of tissue that contribute to the measured impedance. Brown et al. employed a probe with a single tetrapolar electrode set thus analysing single points of tissue. The probe was required to be moved in order to "sample" other areas of tissue. This method provides no spatial information of the lesion boundaries. The overall objective of this research was to design and construct an impedance mapping system (IMS) for objective virtual biopsy of lesions by bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS). Initially freshly excised cervical tissue was to be tested however as the study progressed this proved problematic and bovine blood was chosen as a suitable substitute. Specific aims were to;
- .Investigate the spatial sensitivity distribution of the tetrapolar electrode configuration via finite element analysis (FEA).
- Design a novel front end multiplexing system and multi-electrode array for mapping the impedance of the tissue of interest.
- .Experimentally confirm the efficacy of the approach to identify regions of different impedances and their boundaries using bioimpedance mapping.
The present study used finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate the spatial variation in sensitivity of the tetrapolar electrode configuration and identify which volumes of tissue were included in the measured impedance. An impedance mapping device was also designed and constructed utilising the tetrapolar electrode configuration in an expanded array of 25 electrodes. This array allowed the surface of an area of tissue to be mapped and lesion boundaries identified in an objective manner. FEA was also used to model lesions in healthy tissue and the sensitivity fields associated with the tetrapolar configuration. The FEA indicated that anomalous results would be obtained when a lesion was located between a drive and measurement electrode pair. In this case the lesion resulted in an increase in impedance with respect to the impedance of healthy tissue, whereas a lesion should result in a decrease in measured impedance relative to that of healthy tissue. The anomaly was found to produce false negative results for small lesions up to 0.4 mm and even a lesion with radius of approximately 0.75 mm could be undetected as the measured impedance spectrum for such a lesion is similar to that of healthy tissue. Modelling also provided insight into the sensitivity fields for an electrode array and its efficacy in accurately measuring the surface impedance of tissue and lesions of interest. The impedance mapping system (IMS) developed used an array of 25 (5x5) electrodes. The array allows 64 individual tetrapolar measurements to be obtained at 16 locations, providing an impedance map of 49 mm2 on the surface of a tissue sample. Multiple measurements at each location reduce the chance of anomalous results since these can be identified and excluded. Software was developed to display the measured impedance maps and regions of different impedance were easily identified Testing of the IMS using bovine blood showed separation of the measured impedance for a range of haematocrit between 0 - 80%. Introduced volumes of red blood cells (RBC) or clots (to mimic lesions) to the plasma (haematocrit 0%) were also clearly identified using the IMS. It was seen that measurements made at the boundary of 2 different haematocrits (ie 2 volumes of different impedance) resulted in an anomalous result as indicated by the FEA modelling. However it was demonstrated that these anomalies can be used to objectively identify the introduced RBC (lesion) boundaries. A more efficient electrode stepping sequence was also developed taking advantage of the reciprocal nature of the tetrapolar electrode configuration. This development allows for the electrode array to be doubled in size using the same components, and to sample twice the surface area in the same time taken using the initially developed system. In summary, an impedance mapping system has been modelled, designed and developed for tissue characterisation by bioimpedance measurements. The technique has been shown experimentally to be able to detect regions of differ- ent impedance and is in agreement with the finite element analysis performed. Further development of the IMS will allow progressive monitoring of suspect lesions in-vivo and better identification of their spatial distribution for biopsy.
21
Smith, Jye Geoffrey. « Bioimpedance mapping of the cervix ». Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/17782/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bioimpedance spectroscopy has shown potential as a method for characterising biological tissue with the use of a tetrapolar electrode configuration. Brown et al. (2000) demonstrated that the configuration is capable of distinguishing between normal squamous epithelium and Cervical Intra-epithelial Neoplasia (CIN). However little has been done to identify the volumes of tissue that contribute to the measured impedance. Brown et al. employed a probe with a single tetrapolar electrode set thus analysing single points of tissue. The probe was required to be moved in order to "sample" other areas of tissue. This method provides no spatial information of the lesion boundaries. The overall objective of this research was to design and construct an impedance mapping system (IMS) for objective virtual biopsy of lesions by bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS). Initially freshly excised cervical tissue was to be tested however as the study progressed this proved problematic and bovine blood was chosen as a suitable substitute. Specific aims were to;
- .Investigate the spatial sensitivity distribution of the tetrapolar electrode configuration via finite element analysis (FEA).
- Design a novel front end multiplexing system and multi-electrode array for mapping the impedance of the tissue of interest.
- .Experimentally confirm the efficacy of the approach to identify regions of different impedances and their boundaries using bioimpedance mapping.
The present study used finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate the spatial variation in sensitivity of the tetrapolar electrode configuration and identify which volumes of tissue were included in the measured impedance. An impedance mapping device was also designed and constructed utilising the tetrapolar electrode configuration in an expanded array of 25 electrodes. This array allowed the surface of an area of tissue to be mapped and lesion boundaries identified in an objective manner. FEA was also used to model lesions in healthy tissue and the sensitivity fields associated with the tetrapolar configuration. The FEA indicated that anomalous results would be obtained when a lesion was located between a drive and measurement electrode pair. In this case the lesion resulted in an increase in impedance with respect to the impedance of healthy tissue, whereas a lesion should result in a decrease in measured impedance relative to that of healthy tissue. The anomaly was found to produce false negative results for small lesions up to 0.4 mm and even a lesion with radius of approximately 0.75 mm could be undetected as the measured impedance spectrum for such a lesion is similar to that of healthy tissue. Modelling also provided insight into the sensitivity fields for an electrode array and its efficacy in accurately measuring the surface impedance of tissue and lesions of interest. The impedance mapping system (IMS) developed used an array of 25 (5x5) electrodes. The array allows 64 individual tetrapolar measurements to be obtained at 16 locations, providing an impedance map of 49 mm2 on the surface of a tissue sample. Multiple measurements at each location reduce the chance of anomalous results since these can be identified and excluded. Software was developed to display the measured impedance maps and regions of different impedance were easily identified Testing of the IMS using bovine blood showed separation of the measured impedance for a range of haematocrit between 0 - 80%. Introduced volumes of red blood cells (RBC) or clots (to mimic lesions) to the plasma (haematocrit 0%) were also clearly identified using the IMS. It was seen that measurements made at the boundary of 2 different haematocrits (ie 2 volumes of different impedance) resulted in an anomalous result as indicated by the FEA modelling. However it was demonstrated that these anomalies can be used to objectively identify the introduced RBC (lesion) boundaries. A more efficient electrode stepping sequence was also developed taking advantage of the reciprocal nature of the tetrapolar electrode configuration. This development allows for the electrode array to be doubled in size using the same components, and to sample twice the surface area in the same time taken using the initially developed system. In summary, an impedance mapping system has been modelled, designed and developed for tissue characterisation by bioimpedance measurements. The technique has been shown experimentally to be able to detect regions of differ- ent impedance and is in agreement with the finite element analysis performed. Further development of the IMS will allow progressive monitoring of suspect lesions in-vivo and better identification of their spatial distribution for biopsy.
22
Sigel, Cathrin [Verfasser]. « Rechtsgutachten des Quintus Cervidius Scaevola / Cathrin Sigel ». Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1163609978/34.
Texte intégral
23
Cabre, Miriam. « Cerveri de Girona and his poetic traditions ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321186.
Texte intégral
24
Rouviere, Patricia. « La pathologie cervico-brachiale chez le violoniste ». Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON11102.
Texte intégral
25
SCHMIDT, PASCAL. « Les cellulites cervico-faciales aigues d'origine dentaire ». Reims, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REIMM086.
Texte intégral
26
PLASSE-FAUQUE, GILLES. « L'utilisation du peaucier en carcinologie cervico-faciale ». Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX20291.
Texte intégral
27
Macdonald, Robert Duncan. « The cervix in pregnancy : an ultrasonographic investigation of the cervix and cervical change through pregnancy ». Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/cdf0c3f4-5f40-4465-bcbc-a2cabdfa6d33.
Texte intégral
28
Galindo, Huamán David Javier. « Avaliação de protocolos de superovulação em cervos-do-pantanal (Blastocerus dichotomus) ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150164.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Submitted by DAVID JAVIER GALINDO HUAMÁN null (dgalindoh89@gmail.com) on 2017-04-06T12:09:49Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
galindo_dj_me_jabo.pdf: 3220960 bytes, checksum: b0645c4310022e5f5c72093f60c926a4 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-04-12T18:50:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 galindohuaman_dj_me_jabo.pdf: 3220960 bytes, checksum: b0645c4310022e5f5c72093f60c926a4 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-12T18:50:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 galindohuaman_dj_me_jabo.pdf: 3220960 bytes, checksum: b0645c4310022e5f5c72093f60c926a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-24
Outra
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O cervo-do-pantanal (Blastocerus dichotomus) é uma espécie emblemática dentro dos cervídeos neotropicais. Nas últimas décadas, suas populações têm sofrido declínio notório devido, principalmente, à destruição do seu habitat. Isto causa a perda da diversidade genética, que junto à depressão endogâmica (pelo isolamento de pequenas populações) pode levar à espécie a extinções locais. Nesse contexto, as técnicas de reprodução assistida podem auxiliar no processo de manutenção da diversidade genética nestas populações isoladas. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar um protocolo de superovulação para cervo-do-pantanal em cativeiro. Assim, foram testados protocolos sucessivamente (A, B, C) até que fossem obtidos resultados satisfatórios. Para que se pudesse chegar a um protocolo viável, foram testadas três combinações farmacológicas. Tratamento A: CIDR® durante sete dias, seguido de 0,5 mg de BE e 0,11 mg de GnRH no dia 0, 800UI de eCG no dia 5 após inserção do CIDR®, 530 µg de PGF2α no dia 7 e 0,11 mg de GnRH logo após a detecção do estro, para a indução da ovulação. Tratamento B: CIDR® durante oito dias, seguido de 0,5 mg de BE e 0,11 mg de GnRH no dia 0, 1200UI de eCG no dia 5 após inserção do CIDR®, 530 µg de PGF2α no dia 8 e 0,11 mg de GnRH logo após a detecção do estro, para a indução da ovulação. Tratamento C: CIDR® durante oito dias, seguido de 0,5 mg de BE e 0,11 mg de GnRH no dia 0, 1200UI de eCG no dia 5 após inserção do CIDR®, 530 µg de PGF2α no dia 8 e 2,5 mg de LH, entre 12-18 horas após a detecção do estro para a indução da ovulação. A detecção de estro foi realizada com o auxílio de um macho, sendo permitida a cópula. Oito dias após a cópula foi realizada a contagem dos CL e folículos anovulatórios mediante laparotomia mediana ventral, assim como a colheita de embriões. O Tratamento A resultou em 2 CL. O Tratamento B resultou em 1 CL e 8 folículos anovulatórios. O Tratamento C resultou em 10, 3 e 11 CL, e 0, 1 e 5 folículos anovulatórios para as fêmeas 3, 4 e 5, respectivamente. Além disso foi realizada a colheita de 2, 2 e 5 embriões das fêmeas FBD3, FBD4 e FBD5, respectivamente. Obtendo uma taxa de recuperação de 37,5% (9/24), dos quais dois eram embriões viáveis para transferência. Todos os tratamentos foram efetivos na sincronização do estro. O Tratamento C, com a aplicação i.m. de 1200UI de eCG e de LH, como indutor da ovulação, teve a melhor resposta em termos de superovulação, assim como de colheita de embriões.
The marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) is an emblematic species within the neotropical deer. In the last decades, their populations have suffered a notable decline due, mainly, to the destruction of their habitat. This causes loss of genetic diversity, which together with inbreeding depression (by the isolation of many small populations) can lead this species to local extinctions. In this context, assisted reproduction techniques can help in the process of maintaining genetic diversity in these isolated populations. Thus, the aim of this study was to elaborate a superovulation protocol for captive marsh deer. Therefore, protocols were successively tested (A, B, C) until satisfactory results were obtained. To be able to achieve a viable protocol, three pharmacological combination were tested. Treatment A: CIDR® for 7 days, followed by 0.5 mg of EB and 0.11 mg of GnRH on D0, 800IU of eCG on day 5 after CIDR® insertion, 530 µg PGF2α on day 7, and 0.11 mg of GnRH soon after estrus detection, for ovulation induction. Treatment B: CIDR® for 8 days, followed by 0.5 mg of EB and 0.11 mg of GnRH on D0, 1200IU of eCG on day 5 after CIDR® insertion, 530 µg PGF2α on day 8, and 0.11 mg of GnRH soon after estrus detection, for ovulation induction. Treatment C: CIDR® for 8 days, followed by 0.5 mg of EB and 0.11 mg of GnRH on D0, 1200IU of eCG on day 5 after CIDR® insertion, 530 µg PGF2α on day 8, and 0.25 mg of LH, between 12-18 hours post estrus detection, for ovulation induction. Estrus detection was performed with the aid of a male, and copulation was allowed. Eight days after copulation, CL and anovulatory follicles were counted through median ventral laparotomy, as well as the collection of embryos. Treatment A resulted in 2 CL. Treatment B resulted in 1 CL and 8 anovulatory follicles. Treatment C resulted in 10, 3 and 11 CL, and 0, 1 and 5 anovulatory follicles for hinds FBD3, FBD4, and FBD5, respectively. In addition, 2, 2 and 5 embryos were harvested from hinds FBD3, FBD4 and FBD5, respectively. Obtaining a recovery rate of 37.5% (9/24), of which two were viable embryos for transfer. All treatments were effective in synchronizing estrus. Treatment C, with an i.m. application of 1200IU of eCG and LH, as ovulation inducer, had the best response in terms of superovulation, as well as embryo collection.
29
Cadiez, Francisca, et Fabian Ibañes. « Problemas cervico lumbares en el personal de enfermería ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería, 2011. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/5871.
Texte intégralRésumé :
El presente trabajo de investigación se realiza con el ánimo de mejorar, la calidad de vida del personal de salud, ayudar a tomar decisiones correctas, a la hora de realizar las actividades diarias; al personal de enfermería, camilleros, amas geriátricas en el traslado de enfermos.
Todos los profesionales de enfermería, poseen la capacidad, el conocimiento del autocuidado de su cuerpo; pero necesitan que se los motive con información a través de folletería o clases, que le permitan la actualización, con profesionales kinesiólogos del mismo lugar de trabajo es decir del hospital, para relajarse y tener un estiramiento muscular adecuado, para que estas prácticas, se realicen como hábitos permanentes. Logrando así cumplir con los objetivos generales y específicos, la reducción del número de profesionales con problemas cérvico-lumbares.Fil: Cadiez, Francisca. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
Fil: Ibañes, Fabian. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Enfermería..
30
Knipper, Patrick. « Limite extrème de correction de l'angle cervico-mentonnier ». Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR23085.
Texte intégral
31
Miné-Denecker, Anne, et Philippe Miné. « Observation de 6 cas d'actinomycose non cervico-faciale ». Lille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL2M133.
Texte intégral
32
Clavel, Julien. « Écomorphologie et évolution phénotypique : méthodes et applications aux ruminants actuels et aux « ongulés » fossiles lors de la Crise de Salinité Messinienne à la limite Mio-Pliocène ». Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10189.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Comprendre comment évoluent les écosystèmes lors de perturbations majeures de l'environnement nécessite de prendre en compte l'histoire évolutive des espèces, c'est-à-dire leur phylogénie. Dans ce Mémoire de thèse, j'utilise une approche modélisatrice afin d'étudier l'évolution phénotypique en lien avec l'environnement (écomorphologie), approche incluant des données actuelles et fossiles et visant in fine à comprendre comment les écosystèmes se diversifient et s'organisent structurellement et fonctionnellement à l'échelle des temps géologiques. Le cadre historique, fourni par la phylogénie, définit une trame analytique commune à l'étude de taxons actuels et fossiles. Différents outils dédiés, d'une part au traitement de données morphométriques souvent incomplètes, et d'autre part aux études écomorphologiques évolutives dans un contexte phylogénétique, sont développés et discutés. Cette thèse s'articule autour de deux ateliers consacrés à l'étude macroévolutive et macroécologique de grands mammifères « ongulés » : Bovidae, Cervidae, et Equidae. Le premier atelier concerne les ruminants actuels, clade très diversifié et à l'écologie des espèces constitutives connue. Les analyses révèlent des modes évolutifs contrastés entre Cervidae et Bovidae actuels, en fonction des niches écologiques et des caractères écomorphologiques considérés. La diversification moi pliocène des Bovidae africains apparaît corrélée à des évènements globaux, tandis que leur évolution phénotypique révèle des modes de diversification différents selon les habitats. Le second atelier est focalisé sur l'impact d'un événement majeur ayant affecté l'ensemble du pourtour méditerranéen à la limite Miocène- Pliocène, il y a 5,3 millions d'années : la Crise de Salinité Messinienne. Il repose sur l'étude d' « ongulés » fossiles et apporte des précisions sur l'aspect temporel de l'évolution de ces mammifères avant et après cet événement. Les principaux résultats illustrent des variations rapides de la structure phylogénétique des assemblages d'ongulés qu'il est possible de relier au contexte biogéographique et aux variations climatiques locales et régionales. Les renouvellements fauniques (acteurs) et fonctionnels (rôles), initiés dès la fin du Miocène moyen, apparaissent progressifs et non soudains. Les résultats obtenus offrent une meilleure caractérisation et compréhension des réponses évolutives de ces mammifères, grands consommateurs primaires souvent parmi les premiers menacés lors de perturbations climatiques et environnementales majeuresUnderstanding how ecosystems evolve when facing severe climatic perturbations of the environment requires an historic perspective provided by species phylogenies. In this thesis, I use a modelling framework to investigate the question of the phenotypic evolution of species as an adaptation to the environment (ecomorphology). I combine extant and fossil data to study how ecosystems are diversifying and organizing structurally and functionally on a geological time scale. The historical context provided by the phylogeny defines a unified analytical framework for the study of extant and fossil taxa. Several analytical tools dedicated, on the one hand to deal with missing cases in morphometric studies, and on the other hand to ecomorphological studies in a phylogenetic context, are developed and discussed. This PhD thesis is organized along two main research axes dedicated to the macroevolutionary and macroecological study of three large mammals “ungulate” families: Bovidae, Cervidae, and Equidae. First I focus on extant ruminants, a well diversified clade for which species ecological preferences are well known. The analyses show contrasted evolutionary modes between extant cervids and bovids, depending on the ecological niche and ecomorphological traits under scrutiny. The Mio-Pliocene diversification of African bovids appears to be correlated with global climatic events while their phenotypic evolution shows contrasted evolutionary patterns depending on the habitat. The second axis focuses on the circum Méditerranean impact of a major event that took place at the Miocene-Pliocene boundary, 5.3 million years ago: the Messinian Salinity Crisis. The comparative study of extinct “ungulates” living before and after this event provides some clues about the evolutionary rates and spatial patterns of phylogenetic diversity of these large mammals. The phylogenetic structure of the ungulate communities shows abrupt changes related to the local and regional biogeographic context as well as variations in climate conditions. Meanwhile, progressive faunal (actors) and functional (roles) turnovers are depicted from the beginning of the Late Miocene onward. These results provide a better characterization and understanding of the evolutionary responses to broad climatic and environmental perturbations of these often-threatened, large primary consumer “ungulate” mammals
33
Munerato, Marina Salles. « Uso do isofluorano em veados-catingueiro (Mazama gouazoubira) pré- tratados com diferentes protocolos de contenção química / ». Jaboticabal, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89059.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Resumo: Tendo em vista que a contenção química em cervídeos se faz necessária para realização de procedimentos em cativeiro e preservação de populações ou indivíduos em vida livre. Objetivou-se comparar três protocolos de contenção química em veados-catingueiro (Mazama gouazoubira) submetidos à anestesia inalatória com isofluorano por um período de uma hora. Para isso, quatro fêmeas e dois machos foram anestesiados aleatoriamente com: Protocolo 1 (P1) - indução da anestesia com isofluorano através de máscara facial e manutenção da anestesia através de sonda endotraqueal com o mesmo fármaco, Protocolo 2 (P2) - medicação pré-anestésica com midazolam por via oral, após uma hora,indução e manutep.9ão anestésicacomo descrito em P1 e Protocolo 3 (P3) - anestesia com a associação cetamina/xilazina/âtropina por via intravenosa e manutenção anestésica como descrito em P1. Foram monitoradas as seguintes variáveis: freqüência cardíaca e respiratória, temperatura retal, pressões arteriais, parâmetros bioquímicos e hematológicos, parâmetros hemogasométricos e hidroeletrolíticos do sangue venoso e arterial, cortisol sérico e concentração expirada de dióxido de carbono e isofluorano. Com exceção da freqüência respiratória que foi menor no P2 em relação ao P3 e da concentração expirada de isofluorano (P1 >P2>P3), não houve diferenças significativas para nenhuma das variáveis citadas entre P1, P2 e P3. Embora não tenham sido observadas diferenças significativas, o P2 reduziu a concentração sérica de cortisol em relação ao P1 e P3 e o P3 causou menor depressão respiratória e hipotensão em relação aos demais protocolos (P1 e P2). Portanto, a contenção química com o P2 foi vantajosa para modulação da resposta ao estresse e o P3, embora similar aos demais protocolos, promoveu menor depressão do sistema cardiorrespiratórioAbstract: The chemical restraint of cervids is necessary to perform many captivity managements and conservation of populations or individuais in free ranging. The objective of this study was evaluating thiee different protocols of chemical restraint in brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) under one hour of isoflurane anesthesia. For this, four female and two males was randomly anesthetized with: Protocol 1 (Pi) - direct induction of the anesthesia with isoflurane through face mask and maintenance of the anesthesia with endotracheal tube using the same drug, Protocol 2 (P2) - oral medication with midazolam and after one hour induction and maintenance like described in Pi and Protocol 3 (P3) - intravenous anesthesia with the ketamine/xylazineJatropine association, and maintenance like described in Pi. The follow variables had been monitored: cardiac and respiratory frequency, rectal temperature, arterial blood pressures, biochemistry and hematologic parameters, venous and arterial hemogasometry and electrolytes parameters, serum cortisol and end-tidal concentration of carbon dioxide and isoflurane. With exception of the respiratory frequency, that was lower in P2 than in Pi and P3, and end-tidal concentration of isoflurane that was lesser in P3 (Pi >P2>P3), significant differences had been not observed for none variable cited among Pi, P2 and P3. Although, P2 reduced concentration of serum cortisol when compared to Pi and P3, and in P3 was observed minor respiratory depression and hypotension compared with the other protocols (Pi and P2). These respective data indicate that chemical restraint with P2 was advantageous for stress modulation and with P3 showed lesser cardiorespiratory depression
Orientador: José Antonio Marques
Coorientador: José Maurício Barbanti Duarte
Banca: Mariângela Pereira de Pinho
Banca: Flávio Massone
Mestre
34
Busby-Earle, R. M. Camille. « Carcinoma of the cervix : molecular genetic analysis ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20359.
Texte intégralRésumé :
RFLP analysis was used to detect loss of heterozygosity in tumour/blood pairs, from patients with cervical carcinoma, to examine the role of commonly implicated tumour suppressor genes in cervical carcinogenesis. Allele losses were detected less frequently than has been reported in many other common solid tumours. This relatively low level of allele loss was supported by the infrequent genetic alteration identified when comparison was made between tumour/blood DNA fingerprints from cervical carcinoma patients and those with cancers of non-cervical origin. No correlation was found between allele loss and HPV status when polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used with DNA extracted from cervical carcinomas to detect HPV types commonly associated with genital lesions. The mutational status of p53 gene was examined in a series of cervical carcinomas by a method employing PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and comparisons were made between the HPV and p53 mutational status of these tumours. Mutation in p53 gene was detected relatively infrequently, and contrary to recent reports, was not commonly associated with HPV negative status. Mutations were characterised by sequencing. The use of p53 specific monoclonal antibodies in immunohistochemical analysis of normal, premalignant, and malignant cervical epithelium confirmed that p53 was seldom present in detectable quantities at any stage in the progression of this disease, and lent support to the finding of a low frequency of p53 mutations in this tumour type. Y13 259, a monoclonal antibody to ras p21 oncoprotein, used to compare ras expression at various stages in cervical carcinogenesis, identified differences in expression in the glandular, but not the squamous, component of malignant and non-malignant cervical epithelium.
35
Carnelossi, Elias Alberto Gutierrez [UNESP]. « Diferenças moleculares entre citótipos de Mazama americana (Artiodactyla : Cervidae) ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92627.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2008-05-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:33:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
carnelossi_eag_me_jabo.pdf: 5963862 bytes, checksum: c9072ade5521cd6b029cd77e62872e7a (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O veado-mateiro (Mazama americana) possui uma ampla distribuição geográfica na região neotropical. Estudos citogenéticos com a espécie revelam variações cromossômicas (citótipos) que apontam sua divisão em outras espécies. Neste trabalho, foram examinadas as relações filogenéticas desta espécie, analisando parte dos genes mitocondriais (citocromo-b e região controladora D-loop), dos genes nucleares (Beta e Kapa caseínas e do exon I do gene IRBP) e um fragmento do gene, presente no cromossomo Y, chamado SRY, para amostras de 19 indivíduos provenientes de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Os genes nucleares da kapa e beta caseína e do SRY, mostraram-se monomórficos, não sendo possível a obtenção de sequências para o gene IRBP. As inferências filogenéticas pelos genes mitocondriais revelam duas linhagens evolutivas, a dos indivíduos das populações da Bacia do Rio Paraná e a dos indivíduos do oeste da Bacia do Rio Amazonas. Também houve uma correlação entre os diferentes cariótipos e as distintas linhagens moleculares encontradas. Além disso, pode-se sugerir a ocorrência de convergência evolutiva entre estes grupos, bem como um possível caso de simpatria ou de retenção de polimorfismo ancestral nos indivíduos do leste da Amazônia.
The red brocket deer (Mazama americana) has a wide distribution in Neotropics. In this regard, cytogenetic studies in this species revealed chromosomic variations (cytotypes) which strongly suggest that red brockets can be divided into other species. In the present study, we examined phylogenetic relationships of 19 samples of individuals from different areas of Brazil through mitochondrial (cytochrome b and control region D-loop), nuclear (b-casein, k-casein, and first exon of the IRBP) and SRY gene analysis. The sequence analysis showed that b- and k-caseins as well as SRY nuclear genes were monomorphic, whereas IBRP gene sequencing was not possible. Phylogenetic inferences concerning mitochondrial gene analysis demonstrated two evolutionary lineages, one from Parana River Basin (southeast Brazil) and other from west of Amazon River Basin (northwest Brazil). Moreover, we found correlation between different karyotypes and distinct molecular lineages.
36
Abril, Vanessa Veltrini [UNESP]. « Evolução cromossômica no veado-mateiro – Mazama americana (Mammalia ; Cervidae) ». Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102780.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2009-07-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:43:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
abril_vv_dr_jabo.pdf: 1648950 bytes, checksum: a989c1942e3dd9ac9da5d7078193a943 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Estudos com veado-mateiro (Mazama americana) mostram que há muitas controvérsias quanto ao número de subespécies ou até quanto ao desdobramento destas em espécies. Em estudo citotaxonômico foram encontradas variações cromossômicas intra e interpopulacionais em populações de M. americana geograficamente distantes, com número diplóide de 48 a 53 e número fundamental de 46 a 57. Com base nisto, o presente estudo visou compreender como ocorreu a reorganização cromossômica dentro das variantes encontradas durante a evolução do grupo. Para isto, estrutura e organização dos cromossomos de M. americana foram analisadas para identificar os rearranjos que originaram a variação intraespecífica através das técnicas de bandamento cromossômico (bandas G, C, Ag-NOR), hibridação in situ (FISH) com sondas teloméricas e pintura cromossômica com o uso de sondas cromossômicas da espécie Mazama gouazoubira. Foram identificados seis citótipos distribrídos em 12 cariótipos diferentes: Rondônia (2n=42 ou 43 e NF=46; 2n=42 e NF=49), Juína (2n= 43, 44 ou 45 e NF=48; 2n=44 e NF=46), Jarí (2n=49; NF=56, Carajás (2n=50 e NF=54), Santarém (2n=51 e NF=56) e Paraná (2n=51,52 ou 53 e NF=56). O cariótipo básico do citótipo Paraná foi utilizado como base comparativa para os demais. Os rearranjos que originaram essas diferenças foram fusões cêntricas, em tandem e inversões pericêntricas. A análise de complexo sinaptonêmico confirmou a existência de um sistema sexual múltiplo do tipo XX/XY1Y2 através da detecção de uma trivalente sexual. Sítios teloméricos intersticiais evidenciam que a ocorrência de eventos de fusões em tandem foi essencial para a evolução cariotípica desta espécie e a homologia de sondas cromossomo-específicas de M. gouazoubira corroboram que o caminho da reorganização cromossômica entre estas espécies foi principalmente através de fusões.
Studies with the red brocket deer (Mazama americana) shown that there are a lot of controversies about the number of subspecies or about the unfolding of these in new species. Citotaxonomic studies found intra and interpopulational chromosomal variations, with diploid number varing from 48 to 53 and fundamental number from 46 to 57. Based on these studies, the aim of the present study was understood how the chromosomal reorganization occurred between this variants during the evolution process. For that, we analyzed the chromosomal structure and organization of M. americana, identifying the rearrangements responsible for the intraspecific variation through chromosome banding (G and C-banding, Ag-NOR), in situ hybridization of telomeric probes and chromosome painting using probes of M. gouazoubira species. It were found six different variants: Rondônia (2n=42 or 43 and FN=46; 2n=42 and FN=49), Juína (2n= 43, 44 or 45 and FN=48; 2n=44 and FN=46), Jarí (2n=49 and FN=56), Carajás (2n=50 and FN=54), Santarém (2n=51 and FN=56) and Paraná (2n=51,52 or 53 and FN=56). The basic karyotype of Paraná variant was choosing for comparative analysis. The rearrangements responsible for these chromosomal differences were centric and tandem fusions and pericentric inversions. The synaptonemal analysis sustained the existence of a multiple sexual system (XX/XY1Y2) with detection of a sexual trivalent. Intersticial telomeric sites shown the occurrence of tandem fusions was essential for the karyotype evolution of this species and the homology with the probes of M. gouazoubira corroborated that the way of chromosomal reorganization between these species was mainly through chromosome fusions.
37
Lingaitis, Linas. « Elninių žvėrių (Cervidae) populiacijų tyrimas Jurbarko rajono savivaldybės teritorijoje ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120621_142200-59048.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Magistro darbe tiriama elninių žvėrių populiacijos Jurbarko rajono savivaldybės teritorijoje.
Darbo objektas – Jurbarko rajono savivaldybės teritorijos miškų elniniai žvėrys.
Darbo tikslas – Įvertinti Jurbarko rajono savivaldybės teritorijojos elninių žvėrių populiacijų gausos ir tankio dinamiką, kokybę pagal ragus ir sumedžiojimo dinamiką.
Darbo metodai – Žvėrių gausos ir sumedžiojimo duomenys paimti iš Aplinkos ministerijos oficialių ataskaitų. Elninių žvėrių vertinimo pagal atrankos grupes metodas. Leidinių, literatūros šaltinių analizės metodas, lyginamosios analizės metodas.
Darbo rezultatai – Tyrimo metu nustatyta elninių žvėrių popukiacijos dinamika. Nuo 2008 iki 2011 metų briedžių populiacija padidėjo 32%, taurių elnių – 32%, stirnų – 29%. Visų trijų elninių žvėrių lyčių santykis atitinka mėsinės krypties medžioklės ūkio organizavimo principus. Briedžių populiacija nesudaro mažiausio leistino tankio, todėl medžioklė draudžiama, tauriųjų elnių populiacija viršija ekologinį tankį, todėl tikslinga jų gausą reguliuoti intensyviau, kad nebūtų padaryta didelė žala miškų ir žemės ūkiui, stirnų populiačija artėja prie ekologinio tankio ribos, todėl tikslinga gausą reguliuoti intensyviau. Per praėjusius keturis medžioklės sezonus sumedžiota santykinai daugiau atrankinių tauriųjų elnių patinų, o atrankinių stirninų sumedžiojimas padidėjo net 41%, nei prieš 10 metų. Tauriųjų elnių daugiausiai buvo sumedžiota 5–8 ragais, rugsėjo mėnesį, o stirninų daugiausiai buvo sumedžiota 3–5... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]In master thesis there were made analyzes about populations of deer animals of Jurbarkas district municipality. Object of work– Deer animals of Jurbarkas district municipality forests. Aim of work– To evaluate dynamic of deer (Cervidae) populations abundance and density in Jurbarkas district municipality forests, quality by horns and entrapment’s dynamic. Research methods– Information of deer abundance and entrapment is collected from official reports of the Ministry of Environment. Deer animals‘ evulation method by selection groups. Publications, literature sources‘ analysis method, comparative analysis method. Results– It was found dynamic of deer animals populations. Population of moose raised by 32 %, red deer – 32 %, roe – 29 % since 2008 until 2011 years. Ratio of all three deer animals sex matches principles of meat hunting organization. Moose hunting is forbidden because of low population. Population of red deer exceeds ecological density so there is necessary to control more intensive to avoid damage in husbandry and forestry. Population of roes is near to the limit of ecological density so there is necessary to control more intensive. There were hunted more selective red deer males. Entrapment of roebucks was increased even by 41% during 10 years. Much of red deers were hunted with 5-8 horns in Septembers. Most of hunted roebucks had 3-5 horns and entrapment is almost identic every month of hunting season.
38
Heneghan, Nicola R. « Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cervico-thoracic musculoskeletal dysfunction ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4779/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Conservative non-pharmacological evidence-based management options for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) primarily focus on developing physiological capacity. With co-morbidities, including those of the musculoskeletal system, contributing to the overall disease severity, further research was needed. This thesis presents a critical review of musculoskeletal management approaches used in COPD, which concluded there is insufficient evidence for using musculoskeletal interventions in COPD management. With a paucity of literature exploring chest wall flexibility and clinical guidelines advocating research into thoracic mobility exercises in COPD, a focus on thoracic spine motion analysis was taken. Soft tissue artefact (STA) threatens the validity of existing in vivo measurement techniques. Having measured and reported unacceptable levels of STA, an alternative approach was developed and tested for reliability as part of this thesis. This technique, along with other measures, was subsequently used to evaluate cervico-thoracic musculoskeletal changes and their relationship with pulmonary function in COPD. In summary, subjects with COPD had reduced spinal motion, altered posture and increased muscle sensitivity compared to controls. Reduced spinal motion and altered neck posture were associated with reduced pulmonary function and having diagnosed COPD. Results from this thesis provide evidence to support inception of a clinical trial of flexibility exercises in COPD.
39
Abril, Vanessa Veltrini. « Evolução cromossômica no veado-mateiro - Mazama americana (Mammalia ; Cervidae) / ». Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102780.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: José Maurício Barbanti DuarteBanca: Fausto Foresti
Banca: Cláudio de Oliveira
Banca: Orlando Moreira Filho
Banca: Vera Fernanda Martins Hossepian de Lima
Resumo: Estudos com veado-mateiro (Mazama americana) mostram que há muitas controvérsias quanto ao número de subespécies ou até quanto ao desdobramento destas em espécies. Em estudo citotaxonômico foram encontradas variações cromossômicas intra e interpopulacionais em populações de M. americana geograficamente distantes, com número diplóide de 48 a 53 e número fundamental de 46 a 57. Com base nisto, o presente estudo visou compreender como ocorreu a reorganização cromossômica dentro das variantes encontradas durante a evolução do grupo. Para isto, estrutura e organização dos cromossomos de M. americana foram analisadas para identificar os rearranjos que originaram a variação intraespecífica através das técnicas de bandamento cromossômico (bandas G, C, Ag-NOR), hibridação in situ (FISH) com sondas teloméricas e pintura cromossômica com o uso de sondas cromossômicas da espécie Mazama gouazoubira. Foram identificados seis citótipos distribrídos em 12 cariótipos diferentes: Rondônia (2n=42 ou 43 e NF=46; 2n=42 e NF=49), Juína (2n= 43, 44 ou 45 e NF=48; 2n=44 e NF=46), Jarí (2n=49; NF=56, Carajás (2n=50 e NF=54), Santarém (2n=51 e NF=56) e Paraná (2n=51,52 ou 53 e NF=56). O cariótipo básico do citótipo Paraná foi utilizado como base comparativa para os demais. Os rearranjos que originaram essas diferenças foram fusões cêntricas, em tandem e inversões pericêntricas. A análise de complexo sinaptonêmico confirmou a existência de um sistema sexual múltiplo do tipo XX/XY1Y2 através da detecção de uma trivalente sexual. Sítios teloméricos intersticiais evidenciam que a ocorrência de eventos de fusões em tandem foi essencial para a evolução cariotípica desta espécie e a homologia de sondas cromossomo-específicas de M. gouazoubira corroboram que o caminho da reorganização cromossômica entre estas espécies foi principalmente através de fusões.
Abstract: Studies with the red brocket deer (Mazama americana) shown that there are a lot of controversies about the number of subspecies or about the unfolding of these in new species. Citotaxonomic studies found intra and interpopulational chromosomal variations, with diploid number varing from 48 to 53 and fundamental number from 46 to 57. Based on these studies, the aim of the present study was understood how the chromosomal reorganization occurred between this variants during the evolution process. For that, we analyzed the chromosomal structure and organization of M. americana, identifying the rearrangements responsible for the intraspecific variation through chromosome banding (G and C-banding, Ag-NOR), in situ hybridization of telomeric probes and chromosome painting using probes of M. gouazoubira species. It were found six different variants: Rondônia (2n=42 or 43 and FN=46; 2n=42 and FN=49), Juína (2n= 43, 44 or 45 and FN=48; 2n=44 and FN=46), Jarí (2n=49 and FN=56), Carajás (2n=50 and FN=54), Santarém (2n=51 and FN=56) and Paraná (2n=51,52 or 53 and FN=56). The basic karyotype of Paraná variant was choosing for comparative analysis. The rearrangements responsible for these chromosomal differences were centric and tandem fusions and pericentric inversions. The synaptonemal analysis sustained the existence of a multiple sexual system (XX/XY1Y2) with detection of a sexual trivalent. Intersticial telomeric sites shown the occurrence of tandem fusions was essential for the karyotype evolution of this species and the homology with the probes of M. gouazoubira corroborated that the way of chromosomal reorganization between these species was mainly through chromosome fusions.
Doutor
40
Carnelossi, Elias Alberto Gutierrez. « Diferenças moleculares entre citótipos de Mazama americana (Artiodactyla : Cervidae) / ». Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92627.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Resumo: O veado-mateiro (Mazama americana) possui uma ampla distribuição geográfica na região neotropical. Estudos citogenéticos com a espécie revelam variações cromossômicas (citótipos) que apontam sua divisão em outras espécies. Neste trabalho, foram examinadas as relações filogenéticas desta espécie, analisando parte dos genes mitocondriais (citocromo-b e região controladora D-loop), dos genes nucleares (Beta e Kapa caseínas e do exon I do gene IRBP) e um fragmento do gene, presente no cromossomo Y, chamado SRY, para amostras de 19 indivíduos provenientes de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Os genes nucleares da kapa e beta caseína e do SRY, mostraram-se monomórficos, não sendo possível a obtenção de sequências para o gene IRBP. As inferências filogenéticas pelos genes mitocondriais revelam duas linhagens evolutivas, a dos indivíduos das populações da Bacia do Rio Paraná e a dos indivíduos do oeste da Bacia do Rio Amazonas. Também houve uma correlação entre os diferentes cariótipos e as distintas linhagens moleculares encontradas. Além disso, pode-se sugerir a ocorrência de convergência evolutiva entre estes grupos, bem como um possível caso de simpatria ou de retenção de polimorfismo ancestral nos indivíduos do leste da Amazônia.Abstract: The red brocket deer (Mazama americana) has a wide distribution in Neotropics. In this regard, cytogenetic studies in this species revealed chromosomic variations (cytotypes) which strongly suggest that red brockets can be divided into other species. In the present study, we examined phylogenetic relationships of 19 samples of individuals from different areas of Brazil through mitochondrial (cytochrome b and control region D-loop), nuclear (b-casein, k-casein, and first exon of the IRBP) and SRY gene analysis. The sequence analysis showed that b- and k-caseins as well as SRY nuclear genes were monomorphic, whereas IBRP gene sequencing was not possible. Phylogenetic inferences concerning mitochondrial gene analysis demonstrated two evolutionary lineages, one from Parana River Basin (southeast Brazil) and other from west of Amazon River Basin (northwest Brazil). Moreover, we found correlation between different karyotypes and distinct molecular lineages.
Orientador: José Maurício Barbanti Duarte
Coorientadora: Susana González
Banca: Reinaldo Otávio Alvarenga Alves de Brito
Banca: Cláudia Márcia Aparecida Carareto
Mestre
41
GOUTTARD, BENOIT. « Actinomycose cervico-faciale disseminee avec metastases pulmonaires et cutanees ». Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M170.
Texte intégral
42
Reiter, Marc. « Approche psychosomatique du syndrome du défilé cervico-thoraco-brachial ». Bordeaux 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR25214.
Texte intégral
43
Mendes, Joana Rita Curralo. « Perfil da citologia cervico-vaginal por citometria de fluxo ». Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/8787.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mestrado em Biologia Molecular e CelularO cancro do colo do útero é uma das neoplasias mais frequentes a nível mundial. A infecção persistente por Vírus do Papiloma Humano (HPV) de alto risco foi demonstrada como o principal factor de risco para o desenvolvimento desta neoplasia maligna. Na luta contra o cancro, em particular o cancro do colo do útero, várias técnicas auxiliares de diagnóstico têm sido propostas para aumentar a precisão do rastreio citológico, nomeadamente a aplicação da citometria de fluxo (FCM). Esta é uma técnica objectiva, rápida e sensível, em que equipamentos mais avançados permitem, também, a separação física de citomas – separador celular activado por fluorescência (FACS). O objectivo geral deste trabalho visou o estudo das potencialidades de FCM na análise de citologia cervico-vaginal (CCV) em meio líquido, dada a pouca informação disponível nesta área. Embora as técnicas de rastreio actualmente utilizadas sejam fiáveis e rápidas, a utilização da FCM pode apresentar-se como uma técnica complementar, com a utilização das suas potencialidades de análise multiparamétrica. Neste estudo preliminar foram analisadas 54 amostras de CCVs fixados em meio líquido PreservCyt (ThinPrep®), divididos em 7 grupos de diagnóstico citológico, segundo classificação de Bethesda 2001: negativo para lesão intraepitelial ou malignidade (“NILM”), “NILM-Atrofia”; “NILM-Inflamação”; células pavimentosas atípicas de significado indeterminado (“ASC-US”); lesão intraepitelial de baixo grau (“LSIL”); lesão intraepitelial de alto grau (“HSIL”) e “Carcinoma epidermóide”. Os casos foram caracterizados, em FCM, relativamente à dispersão frontal e lateral da luz (FS e SS), intensidade de fluorescência com o marcador intercalar de DNA iodeto de propídio (IP), intensidade de marcação para o marcador específico CD45 e, ainda, procedeu-se à separação física de subpopulações por FACS. Nestes resultados preliminares e na abordagem inicial de casos do grupo citológico de “NILM”, detectaram-se duas subpopulações distintas em FS vs SS. Este perfil foi o predominante, contudo, variou em alguns dos grupos citológicos. Por exemplo, nos grupos “NILM-Atrofia” e “Carcinoma epidermóide” verificou-se uma distribuição dos eventos em “arrasto”, não permitindo uma distinção clara de subpopulações. A metodologia aplicada, segundo a sequência de: análise da dispersão da luz, marcação com IP, marcação com CD45 e FACS; mostrou-se até ao momento inconclusiva dado que, no final, as células das duas subpopulações mostraram ser do mesmo tipo celular (células pavimentosas). Por outro lado, embora não se tenha até ao momento estabelecido uma correlação entre as subpopulações obtidas por FCM e os grupos citológicos, o perfil de arrasto descrito pode dar informação sobre um possível diagnóstico citológico de “NILM-Atrofia”. Em função destes resultados inconclusivos e da literatura existente, está em curso um estudo mais alargado em termos de amostragem em meio líquido (e.g. diferentes meios/condições de preservação e diferentes anticorpos), no sentido de compreender os resultados obtidos em FCM e FACS, e explorar esta técnica como auxiliar de diagnóstico no rastreio do cancro do colo do útero.
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Persistent high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been demonstrated as the main cause of cervical cancer. In the fight against cancer, in particular cervical cancer, various auxiliary diagnostic techniques have been proposed to increase the accuracy of cytologic screening, including the application of flow cytometry (FCM). This is an objective, rapid and sensitive technique, which is possible in more advanced equipment, also, the physical separation of cytomas - by fluorescence activated cell corter (FACS). The general aim of this work was to study the potential of FCM analysis of the cervicovaginal cytology (CCV) in liquid-based, given the little information available in this area. Although the screening techniques currently used are reliable and fast, the use of FCM can be presented as a complementary technique, taking advantage of its potential for multiparametric analysis. In this preliminary study were analysed 54 samples of CCVs fixed in a basedliquid PreservCyt (ThinPrep®), divided into 7 groups of cytological diagnosis, according to Bethesda 2001 classification: negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (“NILM”), “NILM-Atrophy”; “NILM-Inflammation”; atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (“ASC-US”), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (“LSIL”), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (“HSIL”) and “Squamous cell carcinoma”. The cases were characterized, by FCM, for forward and side scatter (FS and SS), fluorescence intensity with the DNA intermediate marker propide iodide (PI) and the leucocyte specific marker CD45, and also proceeded to the physical separation of populations by FACS. In these preliminary results and in the initial approach about cases of the cytological group "NILM", there were two distinct subpopulations in FS vs SS. This profile was predominant, however, varied in some of the cytological groups. For example, in the groups "NILM-Atrophy" and "Squamous cell carcinoma" there was a distribution of events in drag, not allowing a clear distinction of subpopulations. The applied methodology, according to the following: review of light scatter, IP marking, CD45 marking and FACS; proved inconclusive so far because, in the end, the cells of both subpopulations were shown to be of the same cell type (squamous cells). Moreover, although we have not so far established a correlation between subpopulations obtained by FCM and cytological groups, the drag profile described can give information about a possible cytological diagnosis of "NILM-Atrophy”. In light of these inconclusive results and the existing literature, is an ongoing larger study in terms of sampling in based-liquid (e.g. different based-liquids/ conditions of preservation and different antibodies), in order to understand the results obtained in FCM and FACS, and explore this technique as a auxiliar of diagnostic in the screening of cervical cancer.
44
VARESANO, SERENA. « Tipizzazione morfo-molecolare nelle lesioni preneoplastiche della cervice uterina ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1074183.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Backgroud: Le lesioni neoplastiche e preneoplastiche della cervice uterina rappresentano un rilevante problema sociosanitario, ancora troppe donne giungono all’osservazione con lesioni avanzate che richiedono trattamenti invasivi. L’analisi morfologica ha scarsa sensibilità e variabilità. Solo l’integrazione con dati molecolari consentirebbe una maggiore robustezza diagnostica, una personalizzazione del trattamento farmacologico e di follow up.
Scopo: L’obiettivo di questo studio è quello di migliorare la caratterizzazione delle lesioni al secondo livello attraverso analisi non morfologiche.
L’infezione persistente è necessaria, ma non sufficiente per indurre la trasformazione neoplastica. Occorre la presenza di cofattori capaci di influenzare l’andamento della lesione, come: il genotipo, la carica virale, la presenza di coinfezioni e lo status di integrazione del genoma di HPV in quello della cellula ospite. Tuttavia, i soli esami di screening di primo livello non sono in grado di determinarli in quanto basati sulla morfologia. Si propone l’uso di un test molecolare in grado di rilevare i cofattori in modo da migliorare la diagnostica al secondo livello, caratterizzare la lesione capendone il reale rischio di progressione. Ciò consentirebbe di trattare in modo mirato solo le donne con lesioni ad alto rischio di progressione.
Materiali e metodi: L’analisi dei campioni cervicali è eseguita su materiale FFPE, soprattutto di biopsie e courettage.
I campioni sono stati analizzati in doppio: sia in immunoistochimica per valutare l’espressione di p16 e Ki67; sia dal punto di vista molecolare tramite piattaforma multiplex Real time per la determinazione di carica virale, genotipo e coinfezioni
Risultati: Dall’analisi istologica è emerso che i 55 campioni analizzati sono 22/55 casi CIN1 e di questi l’analisi molecolare evidenzia 12/22 casi negativi, ovvero il 54% dei CIN1 in realtà non sono lesioni HPV-relate. Inoltre, 10 casi di CIN1 sono coinfettati e con cariche virali alte, ovvero sono a maggior rischio di progressione neoplastica e andrebbero strettamente monitorati nel tempo.
Discussione: Lo studio conferma che con la sola analisi morfologica si tende a sovrastimare le CIN1, con ripercussioni soprattutto per le pazienti, che vanno incontro ad ulteriori accertamenti diagnostici, anche di tipo invasivo, quando, invece, non sarebbero da trattare.
Inoltre, è stato possibile rilevare lesioni di basso grado caratterizzate da coinfezioni, con ceppi ad alto rischio e carica alta, rendendole ad alto rischio di progressione. Questi casi andrebbero monitorati nel tempo.
Conclusione: L’analisi molecolare può migliorare la diagnosi e consente un protocollo terapeutico personalizzato.
Inoltre, occorre affinare le procedure diagnostiche nel secondo livello in modo da inviare a conizzazione solo le pazienti che ne hanno reale bisogno
L’esperienza acquisita verrà estesa ad altri distretti anatomici colpiti da patologia HPV-relata.Backgroud: Neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix represent a significant social and health problem, still too many women come to the observation with advanced lesions that require invasive treatments. The morphological analysis has low sensitivity and variability. Only integration with molecular data would allow greater diagnostic robustness, a personalization of drug treatment and follow-up. Purpose: The goal of this study is to improve the characterization of lesions at the second level through non-morphological analyzes. Persistent infection is necessary, but not sufficient to induce neoplastic transformation. The presence of cofactors capable of influencing the progress of the lesion is required, such as: the genotype, the viral load, the presence of coinfections and the integration status of the HPV genome in host cell DNA. However, first-level screening tests alone are unable to determine them as they are based on morphology. The use of a molecular test to detect cofactors in order to improve diagnostics at the second level, improve the characterization of the lesion and understand the real risk of progression appears necessary. This would allow targeted treatment of only women with lesions at high risk of progression. Materials and methods: The analysis of cervical samples is performed on FFPE material, especially biopsies and courettage. The samples were analyzed in duplicate: both in immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of p16 and Ki67; and from the molecular point of view through a multiplex Real time platform for the determination of viral load, genotype and coinfections. Results: From the histological analysis it emerged that the 55 samples analyzed are 22/55 CIN1 cases and of these the molecular analysis highlights 12/22 negative cases; so, 54% of CIN1 actually are not HPV-related lesions. Furthermore, 10 cases of CIN1 are co-infected and with high viral loads and are at greater risk of neoplastic progression and should be closely monitored over time. Discussion: The study confirms that the morphological analysis alone tends to overestimate the CIN1, with repercussions above all for the patients, who undergo further diagnostic tests, including invasive ones, when, on the other hand, they would not be treated. Furthermore, it was possible to detect low-grade lesions characterized by co-infections, with high-risk, high-burden strains, making them at high risk of progression. These cases should be monitored over time. Conclusion: Molecular analysis can improve diagnosis and allows for a personalized therapeutic protocol. Furthermore, it is necessary to refine the diagnostic procedures in the second level in order to send only the patients who really need it to conization The experience gained will be extended to other anatomical areas affected by HPV-related pathology.
45
Maree, JE, et SCD Wright. « Sexual and menstrual practices : Risks for cervic cancer ». Health SA Gesondheid, 2007. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000858.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cervix cancer is the cancer that causes most female deaths in South Africa. Little is known about the sexual and
menstrual practices in high-risk communities in South Africa. Knowledge of the risks inherent in these practices
might lead to changed behaviour. The purpose of this study was to investigate if there are inherent risk factors for
cervix cancer in the Black women’s sexual and menstrual practices that could result in an increased incidence to
provide an evidence base for future interventions. The design of the study was an exploratory, descriptive, contextual,
quantitative survey. The context of the study was two urban areas in the Tshwane Metropolis. The target
population was women from the age of 18 years in Ga-Rankuwa and Soshanguve extension 12. The sampling
method used was convenient sampling (n = 279). A structured interview was conducted due to the high rate of
illiteracy found amongst the women. The data were summarised using descriptive statistics. The results of the
study highlight several risks that could increase the women’s chance to develop cervix cancer. The identified risks
are inherent in their socio-economic situation, knowledge and awareness of cervix cancer, and practices during
menstruation.
46
Maksvytis, Mindaugas. « Elninių (Cervidae) žvėrių žiemos ganyklų būklė Kazlų Rūdos miškų masyve ». Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_154537-54414.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Magistro darbe tiriamos elninių žvėrių žiemos ganyklos Kazlų Rūdos miškų masyve. Tyrimo objektas – Kazlų Rūdos miškų masyvas, Kazlų Rūdos mokomosios miškų urėdijos teritorijoje. Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti elninių žvėrių žiemos ganyklų būklę ir ją sąlygojančius veiksnius. Tyrimo metodai – S.E. Aldous pašarinių apkrovų apskaitos maršrutinėje juostoje metodas, R. McCain elninių žvėrių apskaitos pagal ekskrementus metodas. Tyrimo rezultatai – Pagrindinė elninių žvėrių rūšis Kazlų Rūdos masyve, atsižvelgiant į plotų tinkamumą yra briedis (Alces alces), šalutinė – stirna (Capreolus capreolus), o taurusis elnias (Cervus elaphus) yra nepageidaujama elninių žvėrių rūšis.Tyrimo metu apskaitos aikštelėse nustatyta atskirų rūšių sumedėjusių augalų gausa, skabymo intensyvumas bei dalis elninių žvėrių žiemos pašarų balanse. Kazlų Rūdos miškų masyve nustatytos labiausiai elninių žvėrių alinamos pomiškio bei trako rūšys, jų sutinkamumas, bei apskaitos aikštelėse rastų augalų pažeidimų tendencijos. Įvertinus kiekvienos medelių bei krūmų pomiškio ir trako rūšies dalį elninių žvėrių žiemos pašarų sudėtyje, išaiškintos pagrindinės rūšys, dominuojančios gyvūnų maisto racione. Apskaičiuotas atskirų rūšių elninių žvėrių tankis: briedžio – 0,9 vnt./1000 ha, tauriojo elnio - 4,6 vnt./1000 ha, stirnos – 58,5 vnt./1000 ha.Master research was based on assessment of Cervine animals winter yards in the Kazlų Rūda forests. The Object – Kazlų Rūda forests in the framework of Kazlų Rūda Training State Forest Enterprise. The Goal – to evaluate condition of Cervine animals winter yards and to estimate determinative factors. Research Methods – Deer browse survey method by S.E. Aldous, a method for measuring deer range use by R. McCain. Results – Leading species of Cervines in Kazlų Rūda forests is moose (Alces alces), secondary – roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), and red deer (Cervus elaphus) is unwanted species. Abundance, browsing intensity and share in winter forage of particular species of ligneous plants during the research were estimated. Most wasted species, their frequency and tendency of lesion of undergrowth and underbrush. Measurement of several species of trees and scrubs had showed which of them are main, dominant in relation to animals ration. Estimated density of particular Cervine species: moose – 0,9 unit/ha, red deer – 4,6 units/ha, roe deer – 58,5 units/ha.
47
Mota, João Paulo Moreira Pereira da. « Patologia infecciosa cervico-vaginal e gravidez : Aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos ». Doctoral thesis, Universidade do Porto. Reitoria, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/10162.
Texte intégral
48
Lefebvre, Philippe. « Le lambeau de grand dorsal en chirurgie reconstructrice cervico-faciale ». Montpellier 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON11066.
Texte intégral
49
FRETILLERE, ERIC. « Les gangrenes gazeuses cervico-faciales : a propos de 11 cas ». Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25010.
Texte intégral
50
Mangum, David Charles. « Cervisia Sermonis, Constructing a Brewery in Harper's Ferry, West Virginia ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31756.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In the everyday exists water. It is rarely the focus of the architect nor a guiding principle in a buildingâ s planning, design and construction. Too many times it is an afterthought or seen as something that will eternally undermine the physical principles that keep a building standing. This thesis is an attempt to raise water to a position of importance from design to construction, and to establish dialogue between materials and materiality through the design of a brewery.
A place to drink beer and watch the processes of water within the envelope of a brewery where water initiates a conversation between stone, wood, concrete and stainless steel. A place to experience the process of brewing beer from the viewpoint of that very process.Master of Architecture