Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Catalogna medievale »

Abstract<title> RIASSUNTO </title>L'articolo illustra l'International Computer Catalog of Medieval Scientific Manuscripts. Tale catalogo è stato preparato presso l'Istituto di storia della scienza dell'Università di Monaco di Baviera. Si tratta di un database che raccoglie informazioni sui manoscritti medievali del periodo 500-1500 dedicati a argomenti matematici.

Abstract. Herein, Anatolian aurorae are reviewed based on the existing catalogs to establish a relationship between the aurora observations and past solar activity during the Medieval period. For this purpose, historical aurora catalogs for Constantinople and Anatolia are compiled based on the existing catalogs and compared with those in the Middle East region. The available catalogs in the literature are mostly related to the records observed in Europe, Japan, China, Russia, and the Middle East. There is no study dealing only with the historical aurora observations recorded in Anatolia and Constantinople. The data of the catalog show that there is a considerable relationship between the aurora activity and past strong solar activity. High auroral activity around the extreme solar particle storm in 774/775 and the Medieval grand maximum in the 1100s in Anatolia and the Middle East is quite consistent with the past solar variability reported in other scientific literature.

RESUMEN La relación del crismón con el arte funerario tiene una dilatada trayectoria en el tiempo. En este artículo se catalogan y estudian nueve estelas discoidales de cronología medieval que presentan la imagen del crismón en su iconografía y se ofrece información sobre sus características materiales, geográficas, cronológicas e ideológicas. LABURPENA Aspalditik dator krismoiaren harremana hil artearekin. Artikulu honetan krismoia duten bederatzi hilarri diskodun katalogatu eta aztertu dira, guztiak erdi arokoak, eta haien ezaugarri material, geografiko, kronologiko eta ideologikoen inguruan hainbat datu ematen dira. ABSTRACT The relation of the chrismon in the funeral art presents a dilated trajectory in the time. In this article nine discoidal stelae of full chronology and medieval bass are cataloged and studied. They present the image of the chrismon in their iconography and offer information about its material, geographical, chronological and ideological characteristics.

Resum: Aquest còdex del segle xvi és un aplec de sis textos de procedència diversa ordenats aleatòriament sense cap criteri cronològic. Es tracta d’uns fragments copiats d’altres cròniques medievals que presenta uns interessants punts de contacte amb la Crònica i dietari del capellà d’Alfons el Magnànim, el ms. d.III.2 del Escorial de Martí de Viciana el Vell, avi de l’historiador i el Sumari d’Espanya de Berenguer de Puigpardines. Paraules clau: Història de Catalunya, historiografia, llegendari medieval, cròniques catalanes Abstract: This XVI century codec gathers six texts from varied sources without any chronological criterion. The document consists of extracts copied from other medieval chronicles that links interesting contact points with the Crònica i dietari del capellà d’Alfons el Magnànim, the ms. d.III.2 of El Escorial by Martí de Viciana el Vell – grandparent of the historian – and the Sumari d’Espanya by Berenguer de Puigpardines.Keywords: History of Catalonia, historiography, medieval legendary, Catalan chronicles

<p>Abstract: In 1917, Josep Masdeu, the monastery archivist of Sant Joan de les Abadesses, identified four songs written down in some blank spaces of a paper-based notarial book of the village. In 1935, Higini Anglès, a musicologist of recognized prestige, made them public and since then, they comprise the songbook of Sant Joan de les Abadesses, the unique troubadour catalogue in Catalonia including both the text of the songs and their equivalent musical notation to be performed. From that moment on, the manuscript has been studied in many occasions from a linguistic and musical point of view. The manuscript, currently preserved at the National Library of Catalonia, includes some other text passages of legal topics which we analyse in depth because they delimit the exact chronological period of the song writings. Our study, therefore, has been focused on three main purposes. In the first place, we revise the contributions made so far regarding the description of the document. Next, we build up the archivistic history of the manuscript, from the moment it was discovered until it was deposited in the library mentioned above. Finally, we frame the overall context of the songbook production based on the extraliterary and extramusical texts.</p><p><br />Keywords: Troubadour songs, Medieval manuscripts, Medieval songbook, Sant Joan de les Abadesses Archive, Court books, Notarial -<br />History.</p>

The article presents a brief history of the medieval manuscript collections of the Charles University Archives in Prague which includes a catalogue of 13 medieval (1345– –1508) Polish and Silesian charters stored there

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Glasgow, 2003.
Accompanied by CD-ROM. Ph. D. thesis submitted to the Department of Archaeology, University of Glasgow, 2003. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

Mi sono proposta di realizzare nella mia tesi di Laurea magistrale una catalogazione delle oreficerie istriane. Per il mio lavoro seguirò la traccia delle fotografie conservate nella Fototeca Antonio Morassi, presso il Dipartimento di Filosofia e Beni Culturali di Ca' Foscari, dove nella sezione “Varie”, buste VIII, IX e X, sono presenti delle fotografie che vennero scattate nel lustro d’anni in cui Antonio Morassi fu soprintendente a Trieste per le Belle Arti (1920-25). Lo storico dell’arte promosse infatti una campagna fotografica a tappeto dei beni mobili e immobili dei territori istriani, che erano allora appena stati annessi al Regno d’Italia, il progetto assunse il valore di un vero e proprio censimento della cultura artistica e dell’identità di quei luoghi. Nella prima parte della tesi mi soffermo ad analizzare la figura di Antonio Morassi come storico dell’arte, docente e soprintendente. Colgo inoltre l’occasione di questa tesi per sottolineare l’importanza dell’archivio Morassi come strumento scientifico, ripercorrendo le operazioni di lavoro e studio che l’hanno coinvolto. La seconda parte della mia tesi è strutturata come un catalogo, le oreficerie sono studiate in schede nelle quali offro una lettura storico-critica del pezzo, riferimenti iconografici aggiornati e bibliografia scientifica.

This doctoral thesis presents an analysis of the judicial procedure in Catalonia between the years 950 and 1130. Catalan Archives preserve an exceptional number of documents related to justice which thanks to recent and systematic publication are now available for extensive research. Its aim is to analyse the change of legal procedure of a society in the midst of the process of feudalisation. To do so the work introduces a new method of the visualisation that allows for a detailed analysis of legal conflicts: The Wheel of Justice. The main body of the thesis is divided into three chapters that follow the inherent chronological order of court cases: Preludes, Trial and Resolution. In the first the work deals with dimensions - the place and the date as well as the necessary prearrangements for trials. The second part focuses on the trial itself: the composition of the tribunal and its attendees and the dynamics of the courts. This chapter pays special attention to judicial ordeals and duels in the practice of conflict resolution, as well as the abandonment of trials and their political, social and legal significance. Finally, the last chapter addresses new forms of resolution to highlight changes to the system. The thesis aims to provide new insight into the continuities and transformations that took place in Catalonia during this period, and what role the courts and the administrators of justice played as well as how these processes were narrated.
Aquesta tesi doctoral presenta una anàlisi del procediment judicial a Catalunya entre els anys 950 i 1130. Els arxius catalans conserven un nombre excepcional de documents relacionats amb la justícia que gràcies a la publicació recent i sistemàtica ja estan disponibles per a una extensa investigació. El seu objectiu és analitzar el canvi de procediment legal d’una societat en ple procés de feudalització. Per fer-ho, el treball introdueix un nou mètode de visualització que permet fer una anàlisi detallada dels conflictes legals: la roda de la justícia. El cos principal de la tesi es divideix en tres capítols que segueixen l’ordre cronològic inherent dels casos judicials: preludis, judici i resolució. A la primera part, l'obra tracta de les dimensions: el lloc i la data, així com els prolegòmens necessaris per a les proves. La segona part se centra en el judici en si mateix: la composició del tribunal i els seus assistents i la dinàmica dels tribunals. Aquest capítol presta especial atenció a les proves i als duels judicials en la pràctica de la resolució de conflictes, així com a l’abandonament dels processos i la seva importància política, social i jurídica. Finalment, l'últim capítol tracta de noves formes de resolució per ressaltar els canvis al sistema. La tesi pretén donar una nova visió de les continuïtats i transformacions que es van produir a Catalunya durant aquest període, quin paper van tenir els tribunals i els administradors de justícia, així com la manera com es van narrar aquests processos.

Ce travail repose sur l’étude d’une compilation d’objets médiévaux (Ve-XVe siècles) portant tout type d’inscriptions, exposés dans les musées de la ville de Gérone aujourd’hui : au musée du Trésor de la Cathédrale, au musée d’Art diocésain, au musée d’Histoire des Juifs, au musée d’Histoire de la Ville et au musée archéologique.La proposition méthodologique part d’une perspective littéraire appliquée au contexte muséal, avec l’objet inscrit comme « texte matériel » et le lecteur traditionnel se muant en visiteur-lecteur. De même, on transposera le concept de paratexte de Gérard Genette dans le cadre des objets, avec un « péritexte muséal » et un « épitexte bibliographique ». Chaque inscription est donc étudiée dans son rapport aux autres éléments ou au contexte temporel de l’objet.Le corps de thèse est divisé en trois parties : en premier lieu, des rappels historiques préliminaires sur l’écrit au Moyen-âge et l’exposé des objectifs et méthodes de l’étude ; puis, l’analyse de chaque pièce inscrite avec des inscriptions inédites ou encore mystérieuses ; troisièmement, une analyse transversale mêlant divers courants (Communication, Muséologie, Analyse littéraire…) qui montre la multiplicité des formes de réception des objets inscrits, et l’importance de l’écrit autour de l’objet. Elle se termine par la transposition de notions du domaine de la publicité : les mêmes processus cognitifs identifiés dans les théories actuelles de marketing étant déjà à l’oeuvre dans notre contexte médiéval, non dans une optique commerciale ici, mais d’adhésion à certaines valeurs
The work is based on the study of medieval objects with inscriptions (Vth-XVth centuries), recollected from Girona city museums where they are exhibited today: Treasure Museum of the Cathedral, Diocesan Art Museum, Jews History Museum, City History Museum, and Archeological Museum.The methodological purpose comes from a literary viewpoint applied to the museal framework, with epigraphic items viewed as “material text” converting the traditional figure of text reader into a visitor-reader. We also propose transposing the Gérard Genette’s paratext concept onto objects, with emergence of notions of “museal peritext” and “bibliographic epitext”. Each inscription is examined through connections with the other elements or with the temporal context of the object.The research was lead with museums archives files and bibliography from different frameworks as History and Philosophy of writing, Semiology, Semiotics, History and Catalan Art History.The thesis is divided into three parts: preliminary summary statement about writing in Middle Ages and the explanation of aims and methods of the study; then, the analysis of each piece with its inscription(s), some of which were unpublished or remain mysterious ; and at last a cross-sectional analysis, mixing various disciplinary areas (Communication studies, Museology, Literary analysis…), which shows multiplicity of receptions of epigraphic objects, and the importance of writing around them. It ends with transposing notions of advertising: the same cognitive processes identified in the current marketing theories were already at work in our medieval context, not with a commercial purpose here but in order to get adherence to values
El treball en si es fonamenta en l'estudi d'una recopilació d'objectes de l’edat mitjana (segles V-XV) per tant tot tipus d’inscripcions que estan exposades, avui en dia, en els diversos museus de la ciutat de Girona : al Museu del Tresor de la Catedral, al Museu d’Art Diocesà, al Museu d'Història dels Jueus, al Museu d'Història de la Ciutat i al Museu Arqueològic.La proposta metodológica arrenca d'una perspectiva literària aplicada al context museal, amb l’objecte inscrit com a «text material» i el lector tradicional convertit en visitant-lector. També es proposa aplicar el concepte de paratext de Gérard Genette a l'àmbit dels objectes, amb «peritext museal» i «epitext bibliogràfic». Cada inscripció s’estudia en les seves relacions amb els altres elements o amb el context temporal de l’objecte.La tesi està dividida en tres parts: la primera, on es recullen les recapitulacions preliminars sobre l'escriptura a l’Edat Mitjana i l'exposició dels objectius i mètodes de l'estudi; en la segona, es fa l'anàlisi de cada peça inscrita amb inscripcions inèdites o encara misterioses ; i la tercera, recull l'anàlisi transversal tenint en compte elements de diversos àmbits del coneixement (Comunicació, Museologia, Anàlisi literària...) i aquesta perspectiva permet mostrar la multiplicitat de formes de recepció dels objectes inscrits, i la importància de l'escriptura (o de l'escrit) al voltant de l'objecte.La tesi es tanca amb l'aplicació de nocions del camp de la publicitat: els mateixos processos cognitius identificats en les actuals teories del marketing ja eren vàlids pel nostre context medieval, no pas amb una base comercial, sinó per l'adhesió a determinats valors

Aquesta tesi tracta del problema històric del poder i de la representativitat, situant-lo en la Catalunya del segle XIV com un cas particular de la tradició medieval europea. Aquesta tradició va ser llegida a través dels seus repertoris textuals, desplaçats en el temps fins l’Antiguitat, però presa a l’univers intel·lectual de la Baixa Edat Mitjana. Sota la hipòtesi que l’auctoritas i la potestas coexisteixen en la tensió entre el sobirà i la comunitat, s’enllacen els dos llenguatges que descriuen els llocs d’actuació de cada un d’ells. Aquests llenguatges depenen del vocabulari del dret i de la política, que són meres categories operatives d’una recerca permanent de legitimitat dels vectors que exerceixen el poder medieval. Així es van llegir els discursos d’una trajectòria històrica d’enfortiment de l’autoritat reial i imperial. Al seu costat, romanen els vestigis de la vida en comunitat, en què el problema de la municipalitat i de la participació ciutadana van donar la materialitat al problema de la representativitat popular. Les dues doctrines, de la verticalitat del poder i de l’horitzontalitat del govern inter pares, es troben en els debats aristotèlic-tomistes i després en els franciscans de la Baixa Edat Mitjana. Ells donen les bases discursives i materials del punt de partida interpretatiu que ara es pren per analitzar els expedients de les corts del Principat de Catalunya en el segle XIV. Per la seva banda, el material d’aquestes corts va assimilar tres bases discursives específiques: la gènesi de les institucions tardo-feudals, l’aparició de les formes complexes de municipalitat i el problema de la sobirania del príncep. Les tres van ser tocades pel llenguatge teològic-filosòfic i pel dret romà, i van ser usats al seu torn en diferents ocasions per conferir patrons jeràrquics als vectors que prenien part en l’ordenació estamental de la societat medieval. A les corts generals, que evolucionen en raó de la necessitat de recaptacions més constants per suplir un insuficient patrimoni regi, el príncep busca consolidar aquesta jerarquia per mitjà de la idea teològic-jurídica d’una autoritat pública de la monarquia. En aquest sentit, el dret es presenta com medium d’adaptació dels repertoris arcaics, proporcionant una línia de continuïtat que legitima a les transformacions i a les innovacions del mosaic jurisdiccional del Principat. No obstant això, la imposició de la supremacia d’una autoritat pública es veu frenada per la incapacitat fiscal de la Corona, que recorre amb més freqüència als subsidis graciosos concedits pels estaments a les corts, obligant al rei a sotmetre-se’n als acords constitucionals que elaboraven mesures de contenció a les facultats sobiranes. A poc a poc, el mateix repertori extret del dret comú i de la teologia política, que donava suport a les pretensions del príncep, es va convertint en el substrat d’una doctrina de la representació popular, en la qual la comunitat s’adona de si mateixa i busca la imposició d’una voluntat unànime –aquella del cos místic– sobre les potestats judicials i legislatives del sobirà.
Esta tese trata do problema histórico do poder e da representatividade, situando-o na Catalunha do século XIV como um caso particular da tradição medieval europeia. Essa tradição foi lida através de seus repertórios textuais, deslocados no tempo até a Antiguidade, mas presa ao universo intelectual da Baixa Idade Média. Sob a hipótese de que a auctoritas e a potestas coexistem na tensão entre o soberano e a comunidade, enlaçam-se as linguagens que descrevem os lugares de atuação de cada um deles. Essas linguagens dependem do vocabulário do direito e da política, que são meras categorias operatórias de uma busca permanente de legitimidade dos vetores que exercem o poder histórico. Assim foram lidos os discursos de uma trajetória histórica de fortalecimento da autoridade régia e imperial. A seu lado, permanecem os vestígios da vida em comunidade, em que o problema da municipalidade e da participação citadina deram a materialidade ao problema da representatividade popular. Ambas doutrinas, da verticalidade do poder e da horizontalidade do governo inter pares, encontram-se nos debates aristotélico-tomistas e, logo, nos franciscanos da Baixa Idade Média. Eles dão as bases discursivas e materiais do ponto de partida interpretativo que ora se toma para analisar os expedientes das cortes do Principado da Catalunha, no século XIV. Por seu turno, o material dessas cortes assimilou três bases discursivas específicas: a gênese das instituições tardo-feudais, o aparecimento das formas complexas de municipalidade e o problema da soberania do príncipe. As três foram tocadas pela linguagem teológico-filosófica e pelo direito romano, a sua vez, eles foram usados em diferentes ocasiões para conferir padrões hierárquicos aos vetores no arranjo estamental da sociedade medieval. Nas cortes gerais, que evoluem em razão da necessidade de arrecadações mais constantes para suprir um débil patrimônio régio, o príncipe busca consolidar essa hierarquia por meio da ideia teológico-jurídica da autoridade pública da monarquia. Aí, o direito se apresenta como medium de adaptação de repertórios arcaicos, fornecendo uma ideia de continuidade que legitima as transformações e inovações do mosaico jurisdicional do Principado. Porém, a impostação da supremacia de uma autoridade pública se vê freada pela incapacidade fiscal da Coroa, que recorre com maior frequência aos subsídios graciosos concedidos pelos estamentos nas cortes, obrigando o rei a se submeter aos acordos constitucionais que elaboravam medidas de contenção sobre suas faculdades soberanas. Aos poucos, o mesmo repertório extraído do direito comum e da teologia política, que dava suporte às pretensões do príncipe, vai se tornando o substrato de uma doutrina da representação popular, em que a comunidade se assenhora de si e busca a imposição de uma unânime vontade, a do corpo místico, sobre as potestades judiciais e legislativas do soberano.
This thesis deals with the historical problem of power and representativity, placing it in Catalonia in the fourteenth century as a particular case of medieval European tradition. This some tradition was read through its textual repertoires, relocated in time to Antiquity, but tied to the intellectual universe of the Late Middle Ages. Under the hypothesis that the auctoritas and potestas coexist in the tension between the sovereign and the community, the languages ​​that describe the places of action of each of them are interconnected. These languages ​​depend on the vocabulary of law and politics, which are mere operative categories of a permanent search for legitimacy of the vectors that exercise historical power. Thus were read the discourses of a historical trajectory of consolidation of the regal and imperial authority. At his side remain vestiges of community life, in which the problem of municipality and city participation has given materiality to the problem of popular representation. Both doctrines of the verticality of power and the horizontality of inter pares government are found in the Aristotelian-Thomist debates, and thus in the Franciscans of the Late Middle Ages. They give the discursive and material bases of the interpretive starting point that is sometimes taken to analyse the records of the courts of the Principality of Catalonia in the fourteenth century. For its part, the material of these courts assimilated three specific discursive bases: the genesis of late-feudal institutions, the emergence of complex forms of municipality, and the problem of the sovereignty of the prince. All three were touched by theological-philosophical language and by Roman law; in turn, they were used on different occasions to bestow hierarchical patterns to the contending vectors in the arrangement of the medieval society. The general courts evolved because of the need for more constant tax revenues to supply an insubstantial royal patrimony; meanwhile the prince seeks to consolidate the notion of hierarchical superiority by applying the theological-juridical idea of ​​his public authority. Thus, the law presents itself as a medium for adaptation of archaic repertoires, providing an idea of ​​continuity that legitimates the transformations and innovations of the jurisdictional mosaic of the Principality. However, the imposition of the supremacy of a public authority is hampered by the fiscal incapacity of the Crown; which more frequently resorts to the graceful subsidies granted by the estates in the courts, forcing the king to submit to constitutional agreements that elaborated measures of containment on his faculties sovereign. Progressively, the same repertoire extracted from common law and political theology, which supported the pretensions of the prince, are becoming the substratum for a doctrine of popular representation, in which the community seizes itself and seeks the imposition of a unanimous will of the mystical body, over the judicial and legislative powers of the sovereign.

Romanic sculpture in the Northern area of Novara: catalogue and critical considerations about the workmen PhD thesis by Silvia Muzzin The purpose of this thesis is to study the sculptural decoration in the Romanic buildings of the Northern area of Novara. The author places this decoration inside a specific production context and she focuses on the lapicide workmen that have realized it , on their displacement and their background. The text is composed by three sections. The first two want to create a catalogue of the sculptural residues that are divided according to the their contexts. Another purpose of these sections is to study these contexts in an historical and structural way and to elaborate on the knowledge of their decoration through some comparative suggestions about Romanic sculpture considered in a larger area and in the specific one. On the other hand, in the third section it is possible to find a visual confirmation about these suggestions. Moreover the last section gives some historical and geographic elements for an elaboration of the area and, in the meantime, it provides the useful instruments for a revaluation of the previous data for the knowledge of the lapicides’ workmen that have directly handled on the considered buildings.

L'estudi es proposa una visió de la vida quotidiana dels veïns de les viles de Mataró, d'Argentona i d'Òrrius, des de mitjans del segle XIV a finals del segle XV, partint de tres aspectes fonamentals per explicar-ho: la senyoria i els drets dominicals, el poblament i la societat. El primer capítol comença amb una breu introducció a la demografia de les tres parròquies que ha permès veure com Mataró augmentava molt la seva població en contrast amb Argentona i Òrrius on decreix lleugerament. S’ennumeren totes les senyories que hi havia, constatant una gran fragmentació senyorial pel que fa a la senyoria territorial, no la jurisdiccional que estava en mans dels castells respectius. La servitud i els mals usos, ens servirà per endinsar-nos en els remences, que sembla que representaven poc menys de la meitat dels habitants del territori durant la segona meitat del segle XIV. La senyoria comportava una sèrie d'exaccions i impostos senyorials, d'entre les quals destaca el lluïsme, el delme o el lloçol. Els censos emfitèutics era un altre de les rendes que es pagaven, principalment en espècie, malgrat que a mesura que anava avançant el segle XIV i el XV molts es van convertir en diner. Es tracten els destrets senyorials, els principals dels quals eren els molins i les ferreries, però també les escrivanies, el forn, el mercat, especialment important i dinàmic a Mataró, la carnisseria, i la pesca. Al territori, la totalitat del quatre molins d’aigua documentats es trobaven a la conca de la Riera d’Argentona. A Mataró, amb poca aigua, es va optar per construir un molí de vent a mitjan segle XV. Tot aquest territori estava poblat, bàsicament, de masos, sobretot a Argentona i a Òrrius. En canvi, Mataró va anar evolucionant, amb un poblament dispers predominant fins ben entrada la segona meitat del segle XIV, per acabar amb una gran majoria de focs "urbans" a finals del segle XV. Després de mitjans del segle XIV detectem un augment molt significatiu de les vendes de masos en detriment de la construcció de masies de nova planta. Els masos rònecs és un dels aspectes que hem pogut documentar més bé, i que dóna testimoni del que va representar el fenomen per al territori. Molts masos restaren abandonats abans de mitjans segle XIV, per bé que el seu procés d'enrunament s'aniria allargant, depenent dels casos, fins ben entrat el segle XV. Molts pagesos els van incorporar al seu patrimoni mitjançant compra o establiment, evidentment en condicions molt avantatjoses per part dels senyors. Pel que fa als preus dels masos, molt variables, sembla que tenien com a factor més determinant les càrregues que satisfeien en detriment del seu estat físic. L'estudi també confirma que els masos sovint tenien terres sota domini de diferents senyories, alhora que aquestes terres estaven molt fragmentades pel territori, documentant-se masos d'Argentona que tenien terres fins a set quilòmetres de la masia. La darrera part del capítol la dediquem al poblament agrupat, força destacat a Mataró, amb un gran impuls a finals del segle XIV i durant gran part del segle XV, amb la plaça del mercat com a eix central, amb el pou i forns comunals, les carnisseries i les botigues porticades. El darrer capítol es centra bàsicament en la família, en dos aspectes: el matrimoni i la mort. Veurem les estratègies matrimonials, on els cònjuges sovint trobaven la parella en la població d’origen o en la comarca, què representava la llegítima, i sobretot, què valia un dot. Un dels aspectes que permet conèixer millor l'entorn religiós del testador són els llegats religiosos, amb la qual cosa podem endinsar-nos en les esglésies i capelles de cada parròquia i conèixer, entre d'altres, els seus altars. Els llegats familiars ens apropen al seu entorn familiar. Clourem amb el paper i la importància de l'hereu o la pubilla i amb la clàusula final: l'hereu universal.
The purpose of this thesis/research is to have a vision of the residents’ routine life in Mataró, Argentona and Òrrius, from mid XIV century till end of XV Century. This research is based in three fundamental facts to explain it: the manor, the population and the society. The demography has allowed us to see how Mataró was rapidly increasing its population against Argentona and Òrrius where it was declining. We have documented a high amount of territorial manors, being the jurisdictional manors in hands of their own castles. During the second half of XIV Century, the "remences" (servile people) represented half of the territory’s population. The manor implied some sort of rights and for the payment of taxes. The census where paid mainly in kind, although, while years were passing by, this will turn into money. Among the manors rights we emphasize the mills and iron mongeries, but also the scribes, stoves, markets and meat shops. All the territory was populated, mainly with farms. Mataró since the second half of XVI Century, have experimented an urban growth surrounding the market square where it was located the water well, the communal stoves, the meat shops and the arcade stores. Some of the facts we have been able to document properly are the abandoned farms, which started on the XIII Century. Many farmers have taken the farms to their heritage buying them either through establishment which were always under advantageous conditions for the sirs. The farms usually have lands under the dominion of various manors and were fragmented around the territory, sometimes without territorial continuity. The last chapter is mainly based on the family, in two important facts: marriage and death. We've studied the dowry and the territorial origins of the consorts and spouses. Thanks to the will/testament we know about the religious environment of the testators being able to going deeper among the churches and chapels of each parish and acknowledge the altars. The family legacy is taking us closer to the family core. This research ends explaining the role and the relevance of the male heirs and the 'pubillas' (the female version of the male heir, the eldest daughter) and with the last review: the universal heir.

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a spondyloarthropathy traditionally defined as having spinal and extra-spinal manifestations. However its diagnostic criteria only allow the identification of advanced DISH and there is little consensus regarding the extra-spinal enthesopathies. In this project, individuals with DISH from the WM Bass Donated Skeletal Collection were analysed to investigate the pathogenesis of DISH and archaeological English and Catalan samples (3rd–18th century AD) were studied to investigate how diet might have influenced the development of DISH. From the individuals from the Bass Collection, isolated vertical lesions representing the early stages of DISH (‘early DISH’) were identified. Both sample sets showed that the presence of extra-spinal manifestations varies significantly between individuals and that discarthrosis and DISH can co-exist in the same individual. In all archaeological samples, the prevalence of DISH was significantly higher in males and older individuals showed a higher prevalence of DISH. In both regions, the prevalence of DISH was the lowest in the Roman samples, the highest in the early medieval ones and intermediate in the late medieval samples. While when using documentary resources and archaeological data, it was hypothesised that the prevalence of DISH in the English and Catalan samples might have been different, the results show no significant differences even if English samples tend to show higher prevalence of DISH than the Catalan samples. This possibly suggests that the development of DISH depends on a combination of dietary habits and, possibly, genetic predisposition might influence the development of DISH. The individuals from the Bass Collection showed high prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular conditions. In contrast, no association was found between DISH and rich-diet associated conditions (e.g. carious lesions and gout) or deficiency-related conditions (e.g. scurvy, healed rickets).
Institute of Life Sciences Research from the University of Bradford

The range of textiles available in markets across the western Mediterranean expanded significantly during the thirteenth century. Cloth retailers, or drapers, constituted a fundamental link between merchants and consumers, using a network of local markets with specific spaces for selling cloth. They were able to sell a wide range of commodities, including Flemish and French woollens, to satisfy a growing demand. Between 1250 and 1350, there were also tailors almost everywhere, some at the permanent service of an aristocratic court, such as the kings of Aragon, but most of them worked as independent entrepreneurs offering their services in exchange for specific payments. Therefore both drapers and tailors formed small partnerships and frequently used credit in order to reach all levels of medieval society.

This study analyses the names of places and people of diverse origins collected from the documents which outline the territory from the mouth of the river Ebro (running into the sea) in Catalonia, and the adjacent part of the Aragon strip. These place names and anthroponyms are based on Latin onomastics, influenced by the Arabization of the Iberian Peninsula which occurred in the eighth century and the subsequent cultural and linguistic Catalanization. It is possible to observe that the primitive Latin element is evident in names of Mozarabic origin, and that there are many Arab, and some Hebrew elements, which are the result of the presence of these two cultures during the Middle Ages in our territory. The Catalan element – which makes up the majority – comes from the medieval Christian repopulation carried out during the reign of Count Ramon Berenguer IV in the mid-twelfth century. It should be noted that, with Catalan, some elements of the pre-Roman substrate and Germanic superstrate were also introduced into the proper names.