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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Catalisi micellare »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 9 mars 2023
Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Catalisi micellare"

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Broxton, Trevor J. « Micellar Catalysis of Organic Reactions. XXXVIII A Study of the Catalytic Effect of Micelles of 3-Hydroxymethyl-1-tetradecylpyridinium Bromide on Amide Hydrolysis and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution ». Australian Journal of Chemistry 51, no 7 (1998) : 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c98053.

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The preparation of 3-hydroxymethyl-1-tetradecylpyridinium bromide and its use as a catalyst of nucleophilic aromatic substitution and also amide hydrolysis are reported. It was found that the hydroxydehalogenation of nitro-activated aryl halides was much faster in these micelles than in the presence of cetyl(2-hydroxyethyl)dimethylammonium bromide. It was concluded that the increased catalysis of nucleophilic aromatic substitution by this micelle was due to a faster decomposition of the aryl micellar ether which must occur before the phenolate product is released. No such difference in the two micelles was found for amide or thioamide hydrolysis since in these reactions the product amine is produced in the first step of the reaction and decomposition of the acylated micelle is not required in the rate-determining step of the reaction.
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Broxton, TJ, JR Christie et RPT Chung. « Micellar Catalysis of Organic Reactions. XXVI. SNAr Reactions of Azide Ions ». Australian Journal of Chemistry 42, no 6 (1989) : 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9890855.

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The azidodehalogenation of a number of aromatic compounds has been studied in the presence of micelles of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab). The variation of the observed rate of reaction with ctab concentration has been treated by using the model of Rodenas and Vera to determine the rate constant for reaction in the micellar pseudo-phase, k2m, the binding constant of the substrate to the micelle, Ks, and the nucleophile-micellar counter ion exchange constant KAzBr :. The ratio of the rate constants in the micellar pseudo-phase and in water varied between 0.9 and 52. For reactions involving the production of a dianionic intermediate the largest catalysis was found for compounds containing two nitro groups to stabilize the double negative charge. In addition significant differences in the catalysis were found between compounds having the reaction centre at the micelle-water interface and those for which the reaction centre was more buried inside the micelle. As previously reported the resulting aryl azides undergo cyclization to form a benzofuroxan if a nitro group is located ortho to the azide group. Furthermore, a reversible photochemical reaction was detected for two compounds having a carboxylate group ortho to the azide group.
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Cibulka, Radek, Lenka Baxová, Hana Dvořáková, František Hampl, Petra Ménová, Viktor Mojr, Baptiste Plancq et Serkan Sayin. « Catalytic effect of alloxazinium and isoalloxazinium salts on oxidation of sulfides with hydrogen peroxide in micellar media ». Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 74, no 6 (2009) : 973–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc2009030.

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Three novel amphiphilic alloxazinium salts were prepared: 3-dodecyl-5-ethyl-7,8,10-trimethylisoalloxazinium perchlorate (1c), 1-dodecyl-5-ethyl-3-methylalloxazinium perchlorate (2b), and 3-dodecyl-5-ethyl-1-methylalloxazinium perchlorate (2c). Their catalytic activity in thioanisole (3) oxidation with hydrogen peroxide was investigated in micelles of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), hexadecyltrimethylammonium nitrate (CTANO3) and Brij 35. Reaction rates were strongly dependent on the catalyst structure, on the type of micelles, and on pH value. Alloxazinium salts 2 were more effective catalysts than isoalloxazinium salts 1. Due to the contribution of micellar catalysis, the vcat/v0 ratio of the catalyzed and non-catalyzed reaction rates was almost 80 with salt 2b solubilized in CTANO3 micelles. Nevertheless, the highest acceleration was observed with non-amphiphilic 5-ethyl-1,3-dimethylalloxazinium perchlorate (2a) in CTANO3 micelles (vcat/v0 = 134). In this case, salt 2a presumably acts as a phase-transfer catalyst bringing hydrogen peroxide from the aqueous phase into the micelle interior. Synthetic applicability of the investigated catalytic systems was verified on semi-preparative scale.
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Drennan, Catherine E., Rachelle J. Hughes, Vincent C. Reinsborough et Oladega O. Soriyan. « Article ». Canadian Journal of Chemistry 76, no 2 (1 février 1998) : 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-226.

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Kinetic studies through stopped-flow spectroscopy were undertaken in the dilute solution range of anionic surfactants where pronounced rate enhancement or inhibition of Ni2+-ligand complexations is often observed at surfactant concentrations much below the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The results are interpreted in terms of Ni-surfactant micelles as the agents responsible for the rate changes in dilute surfactant solution. At higher surfactant concentrations these micelles are transformed into mixed micelles (counterion and size changes), eventually becoming normal surfactant micelles close to the CMC. Surface tension, dye solubility, conductivity, and fluorescent probe investigations support this interpretation.Key words: micellar catalysis, sodium dodecyl sulfate, micelles, critical micelle concentration, premicelles, Ni2+-ligand complexations.
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Greencorn, David J., Victoria M. Sandre, Emily K. Piggott, Michael R. Hillier, A. James Mitchell, Taryn M. Reid, Michael J. McAlduff, Kulbir Singh et D. Gerrard Marangoni. « Asymmetric cationic gemini surfactants : an improved synthetic procedure and the micellar and surface properties of a homologous series in the presence of simple salts ». Canadian Journal of Chemistry 96, no 7 (juillet 2018) : 672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2017-0676.

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The micellar and morphological properties of symmetric, cationic gemini surfactants have been well studied in the literature as a function of nature and type of the spacer group and the length and type of hydrophobic chain. In this paper, we have examined the effects of tail asymmetry on the properties of a series of cationic surfactants, the N-alkyl-1-N′-alkyl-2-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyldiammonium dibromide. A novel synthetic method is used to prepare a series of these surfactants and the consequences of asymmetry on micellar properties are presented. This new method has been shown to be more efficient, with higher yields of the asymmetric surfactants than the yields of the accepted literature method. The critical micelle concentration values and the micelle sizes of the asymmetric gemini surfactants, 12-4-12, 12-4-10, 12-4-8, and 12-4-6 gemini surfactants, were obtained from conductivity and dynamic light scattering. With increasing chain asymmetry, the size of the micelle increased due to the formation of loose micelles. The addition of NaCl and Na2SO4 to the surfactant solutions increased the aggregate size, and this effect was more pronounced with increasing salt concentrations. These results are interpreted in terms of the effect these ions have on the “compactness” of the micelle structure.
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MacInnis, Judith A., Greg D. Boucher, R. Palepu et D. Gerrard Marangoni. « The properties of a family of two-headed surfactant systems : the 4-alkyl-3-sulfosuccinates 2. Surface properties of alkyl sulfosuccinate micelles ». Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no 3 (1 mars 1999) : 340–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-008.

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The micellar properties of a family of two-headed surfactants, the alkyl sulfosuccinates, were investigated employing fluorescence, ultra-violet spectroscopy, and acid-base titrations, as a function of the chain length of the surfactant. Polarity of the micellar interior was investigated using pyrene and the ionic probe 8-anilino-1-naphthalensulfonic acid ammonium salt (ANS). Pyrene I1/I3 ratios were used to probe the microenvironment of the probe in the palisade layer of the micelle. The pKa values of both of the anionic head groups were determined using acid-base titrations. Surface potential measurements were obtained from the measurement of the pKa of the hydrophobic indicator, 7-hydroxycoumarin, at the sulfosuccinate micellar interface. All of these results were used to examine the surface properties of the alkyl sulfosuccinate micelles and the polarity of the micellar interior.Key words: micellization, pKa, surface potential, surface charge density, 7-hydroxycoumarin, pyrene.
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Oranli, Levent, Pratap Bahadur et Gérard Riess. « Hydrodynamic studies on micellar solutions of styrene–butadiene block copolymers in selective solvents ». Canadian Journal of Chemistry 63, no 10 (1 octobre 1985) : 2691–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v85-447.

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Hydrodynamic radius of micelles of several block copolymers in different selective solvents (for both types of blocks) was determined from photon correlation spectroscopy. The boundaries of micellar solutions in heptane (good solvent for polybutadiene block) and dimethylformamide (good solvent for polystyrene block) were established for polymers in terms of their molecular mass and block composition. The photon correlation spectroscopy data in combination with intrinsic viscosities of block copolymers in selective solvents were used to determine micellar molecular mass and aggregation number. The influence of temperature on the micelle size was examined. The block copolymer micelles could solubilize a certain amount of insoluble homopolymer within their insoluble core. 1H nmr spectra were examined to study the influence of temperature on micellar systems.
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Wood, Alex B., Daniel E. Roa, Fabrice Gallou et Bruce H. Lipshutz. « α-Arylation of (hetero)aryl ketones in aqueous surfactant media ». Green Chemistry 23, no 13 (2021) : 4858–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc01572a.

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α-Arylations can be run under micellar catalysis conditions using a Pd(i) pre-catalyst together with KO-t-Bu as base. Sequences using this coupling along with as many as four additional steps can be carried out in a 1-pot fashion, all in water.
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MacInnis, Judith A., R. Palepu et D. Gerrard Marangoni. « A nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of the micellar properties of a series of sodium cyclohexylalkanoates ». Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no 11 (1 novembre 1999) : 1994–2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-211.

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The micellar properties of a family of surfactants, the sodium cyclohexylalkanoates, have been investigated in aqueous solution using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. C-13 chemical shift measurements have been used to determine both the cmc values and the micellar aggregation numbers (Ns values) of these surfactants. The cmc values and the degrees of counterion binding were estimated from 23Na chemical shift measurements. The critical micelle concentrations (cmc's) and the aggregation numbers determined from the NMR experiments indicate that these amphiphiles have high cmc's and low aggregation numbers when compared to other single-headed surfactants (most notably the sodium alkanoates). The conformational changes incurred by the carbon atoms upon micelle formation have been deduced from the 13C chemical shift differences (δsurf,mic - δsurf,aq). These results are used to discuss the formation of the aggregates of the sodium cyclohexylalkanoate surfactants as a function of the length of the alkanoate side chain.Key words: micelles, surfactants, NMR spectroscopy, chemical shifts, aggregation numbers, degree of counterion binding, conformational changes.
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Biasutti, M. A., et Juana J. Silber. « Interaction between tetracyanoethylene and naphthalene in reverse micelles of AOT in n-hexane. The electron-donor properties of AOT ». Canadian Journal of Chemistry 74, no 9 (1 septembre 1996) : 1603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v96-177.

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The electron donor–acceptor (EDA) interaction between TCNE and naphthalene (Naph) in n-hexane and reverse micelles of AOT in n-hexane was studied by UV–visible spectroscopy with the aim of determining the influence of the micellar media on the EDA interaction. The spectra of the mixtures of TCNE–Naph in n-hexane show two typical maxima at 418 and 534 nm, assigned to the formation of a π–π EDA complex. In the micellar media a new band is observed at 398 nm. When the spectra of TCNE in n-hexane are studied in the presence of AOT two new bands at 398 and 418 nm are detected. These bands are consistent with an EDA interaction between TCNE and AOT as n-donor. The stability constants of this interaction were calculated for AOT concentrations below the CMC and in the micellar media at different W(W = [H2O]/[AOT]). The results give evidence of the tendency of AOT to interact very strongly with electron acceptors. Moreover, in the system TCNE–Naph in the micellar media it is shown that Naph and AOT compete to form a complex with TCNE. The formation constants of the complexes of AOT–Naph in the micelle system were determined at W = 0 and 5. Despite the competition of AOT for TCNE the stability constant for the complex TCNE–Naph is higher than in homogeneous media, probably due to the high local concentration of the acceptor in the micelle. Key words: reverse micelles, aerosol-OT, tetracyanoethylene, naphthalene, electron donor–acceptor complexes.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Catalisi micellare"

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Meggiato, Francesca <1989&gt. « catalisi micellare nella formazione di legami C-C e C-O ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10470.

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SANZONE, ALESSANDRO. « Towards the development of sustainable materials for organic electronics ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241277.

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La sintesi e la caratterizzazione di semiconduttori organici (OS) è stata un ambito di ricerca molto sviluppato negli ultimi due decenni. La loro potenziale applicazione per dispositivi come transistor a effetto di campo organici (OFET), diodi organici a emissione di luce (OLED) e celle fotovoltaiche organiche (OPV), ha scatenato un'intensa attività di ricerca in questo campo. Sulla base dei recenti progressi nella tecnologia dei materiali e dei processi e del previsto sviluppo tecnologico futuro, gli esperti sono stati in grado di identificare le sfide chiave di questa tecnologia, per le quali sono necessari importanti sviluppi. La ricerca accademica ha compiuto grandi sforzi per aumentare le prestazioni dei dispositivi, ad esempio se guardiamo l’andamento negli anni della mobilità dei portatori di carica per gli OFET riportata in letteratura possiamo vedere che è aumentata di diversi ordini di grandezza negli ultimi decenni ma spesso sono state trascurate le altre caratteristiche richieste per lo sviluppo industriale di queste tecnologie. Tra le sfide chiave identificate, sono presenti costi e scalabilità. Queste sfide sono direttamente collegate alla tecnica di preparazione e lavorazione dei materiali, in particolare del materiale semiconduttore. In questo lavoro vengono presentati due approcci principali per lo sviluppo di materiali sostenibili per l'elettronica organica, applicati a diverse classi di semiconduttori organici (dichetopirrolopirroli (DPPs), isoindaci (IGs), benzotiadiazoli (BTs) e benzotienobenzotiofeni (BTBTs). Il primo approccio si basa sull’uso della reazione di arilazione diretta piuttosto che le reazioni di accoppiamento più classiche come le reazioni di Suzuki-Miyaura, Kumada e Stille. Il secondo approccio presentato è lo sviluppo di condizioni micellari per la sintesi di semiconduttori organici. Lo studio della reazione di arilazione diretta ha subito un rapido sviluppo negli ultimi anni e sta diventando un'alternativa sempre più valida alle tradizionali reazioni di cross-coupling. La reazione di accoppiamento tradizionali richiedono reagenti organometallici, che in particolare quando sono funzionalizzati, spesso non sono disponibili in commercio o sono relativamente costosi e la loro sintesi prevede l'uso di reagenti infiammabili (es. Butillitio), non stabili e / o altamente tossici (composti organici dello stagno). Pertanto, la reazione di arilazione diretta rappresenta una strategia sintetica più attraente dal punto di vista ambientale ed economico. In particolare il secondo capitolo riporta la sintesi di derivati del BTBT, originali e non, a partire dal BTBT non funzionalizzato per arilazione diretta. Nel capitolo 4 è riportato uno studio sull'ottimizzazione delle condizioni di policondensazione per arilazione diretta per lo sviluppo di un nuovo copolimero a base di dianidride naftalentetracarbossilica per l'applicazione in OFET. Il secondo approccio sviluppato per la sintesi di semiconduttori organici discusso nei capitoli 3 e 4 è la catalisi micellare. Le reazioni micellari sono un argomento ben consolidato nella moderna sintesi organica, nonostante ciò nel campo dei semiconduttori organci gli esempi sono ancora limitati. L'uso della catalisi micellare per semiconduttori organici non è banale infatti solitamente si tratta di molecole fortemente funzionalizzate, altamente cristalline. Nelle diverse sezioni del capitolo 3 e 4 sono esposte diverse strategie sviluppate per l'applicazione della catalisi micellare alle sintesi dei semiconduttori organici. In particolare il capitolo 3 si concentra sulla preparazione dei materiali molecolari a base di derivati del BT e BTBT, invece il capitolo 4 riporta l'ottimizzazione di una preparazione di F8BT, noto semiconduttore organico commerciale, in condizioni micellari.
The synthesis and characterization of organic semiconductors (OS) has been a focal research field in the last two decades. Their potential application to large-area and flexible electronic devices, such as organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and organic photovoltaics (OPVs), has sparked intensive research in this field. Organic printed electronics (OPE) is based on the combination of new materials and cost-effective, large area production processes that open up new fields of application. Thinness, light weight, flexibility and potential environmental sustainability are key potential advantages of organic electronics. In fact, several high-tech companies have significantly invested in cheap and high-performance organic-electronic devices, a billion-dollar market that is expected to grow rapidly. Based on the recent progress in materials and process technology and the expected future technology development, the experts were able to identified that key challenges called “Red Brick Walls”, for which major breakthroughs are needed. Academic research has done big effort to increase devices performances, indeed for example if we look charge career mobility for OFET or power efficiency conversion for OPV reported in literature by years we can see that have been increase of different order of magnitude during the last decades but often overlooked the other features required for the OPE industrial development. Indeed among the key challenge identified cost and scalability are present. These challenges are directly linked with the preparation and processing technique of the materials, in particular of the organic semiconductor materials. Here are presented two main approaches in order to development of sustainable materials for organic electronics applied to different OS classes (Diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs), Isoindigoes (IGs), Benzothiadiazoles (BTs) and Benzothienobenzothiophenes (BTBTs)): the use of the direct arylation reaction in place of the more classical reactions of Suzuki-Miyaura, Kumada and Stille cross-coupling reactions and the develop of micellar conditions for organic OS synthesis.In particular the second chapter are reported the synthesis of, original and not, [1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene (BTBT) derivatives, a class of very promising p-materials for OFET, starting from parent BTBT by direct arylation . These are the first examples of late stage functionalization of BTBT scaffold by direct arylation, In chapter 4 is reported a study of optimization of direct arylation polycondensation condition for the develop of a new Naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride-based copolymer for OFET application. The second approach developed for organic OS synthesis reported in chapter 3 and 4 is the micellar catalysis. Micellar reactions are a well established topic in modern organic synthesis, indeed the numbers of reactions reported in literature to date in micellar condition is quite impressive despite this in the field of organic OS the examples are still limited. The use of micellar catalysis for OS material in not trivial indeed organic OS are usually heavily functionalized molecules, highly crystalline and they can interfere with surfactant micellization these lead to low conversion. In the different sections of chapter 3 and 4 are exposed several strategies developed for the application of micellar catalysis to the OS synthesis.
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CERIANI, CHIARA. « Organic Materials for (Opto)electronics introducing Sustainability in Design, Synthesis and Manufacturing ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/369035.

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Il progetto di ricerca si concentra sullo sviluppo di nuove strategie sintetiche per la preparazione di semiconduttori organici stampabili e scalabili industrialmente. A tal fine, è stato introdotto un nuovo metodo sintetico per una facile, economica ed eco-sostenibile produzione di semiconduttori organici coniugati. Oggigiorno, il concetto di sostenibilità è una questione molto importante per le aziende che si impegnano nel rispettare i principi della Green Chemistry al fine di ridurre l'impatto ambientale dei processi chimici. In questo quadro, la catalisi micellare si è dimostrata un'ottima soluzione permettendo di condurre le reazioni utilizzando l’acqua come l’unico mezzo di reazione generalmente in presenza di piccoli quantitativi di surfattante. Ma purtroppo non sempre la catalisi micellare risulta essere riproducibile e facilmente scalabile industrialmente. A tal proposito, è stato studiato un sistema auto-emulsionante composto da una miscela di L-α-Lecitina e Tween 80 (TL82) per la preparazione di piccole molecole organiche. La caratteristica unica di questa miscela di tensioattivi offre un nuovo ambiente per l'esecuzione di comuni reazioni di cross-coupling come le reazioni di Suzuki-Miyaura, Sonogashira e Heck in modo riproducibile su larga scala. La versatilità di questo approccio è stata verificata attraverso la sintesi di semiconduttori organici complessi basati su pigmenti insolubili. La grande attenzione all'introduzione della sostenibilità non riguarda solo la sintesi, ma anche il processing dei materiali per la produzione di dispositivi. È stato introdotto un processo innovativo che consente la preparazione di dispositivi a film sottile ad alte prestazioni a partire da dispersioni acquose di semiconduttori organici sia di tipo p- che n-. La miscela di tensioattivi auto-emulsionante TL82 viene utilizzata sia come mezzo di sintesi che di processing. Questo metodo consente la preparazione di Transistor Organici ad Effetto di Campo utilizzando esclusivamente l’acqua in tutte le fasi di preparazione, ottenendo prestazioni paragonabili ai dispositivi ottenuti dai processi svolti utilizzando solventi organici. Sono stati inoltre progettati nuovi materiali innovativi performanti per l'(opto)elettronica. In particolari sono stati progettati sia piccole molecole che polimeri coniugati originali ponendo una grande attenzione al selezionamento di materie prime a basso costo, limitando severamente l'utilizzo di sostanze chimiche tossiche e pericolose e progettando tutti i processi per un possibile up-scaling. In dettaglio, buona parte del lavoro è stata dedicata allo sviluppo di materiali sostenibili per applicazione in concentratori solari luminescenti. Le prestazioni dei materiali sintetizzati sono state confrontate con quelle dei lumofori commercialmente disponibili con caratteristiche spettrali simili. Nel complesso, i nuovi materiali sviluppati mostrano prestazioni comparabili, ma col vantaggio di essere sintetizzati in maniera green e facilmente scalabili industrialmente. Infine, è stato sviluppato un monomero derivato tiofenico asimmetrico con caratteristiche intrinseche di donatore e accettore al fine di sviluppare uno dei primi esempi di polimero regio-regolare ambipolare.
The research focuses on the development of new synthetic routes for the preparation of printable organic semiconductors, devised to be suitable for industrial scaling up. As such, a novel synthetic method for facile, cheap, and environmentally friendly production of π-extended organic semiconductors is explored. The concept sustainability is becoming a very important issue for chemical industries which are approaching green chemistry to reduce the environmental impact of chemical processes. In this frame, micellar catalysis has been demonstrated to be profitably performed in water under very mild conditions in the presence of a bit surfactant. Firstly, a self-emulsifying system L-α-Lecithin-Tween 80 mixture (TL82) is explored for the preparation of organic small molecules. The unique characteristic of this surfactant’s mixture offers a new environment for carrying out common cross coupling reactions such as Suzuki-Miyaura, Sonogashira and Heck cross-couplings in a reproducible up-scale way. The versatility of this approach is verified through the synthesis of complex organic semiconductors such as π-extended insoluble pigments. The emphasis on sustainability is not only applied to the synthesis but also to the processing of the active materials into the final target devices. Indeed, an innovative process is introduced enabling the preparation of high-performance thin film devices starting from waterborne dispersions of p- and n-type organic semiconductors. The TL82 self-emulsifying surfactant’s mixture is used both as the synthesis and processing medium. This method allows the preparation of Organic Field Effect Transistor using exclusively water in all steps with performances comparable to those synthesized and processed using common organic solvents. From the standpoint of the design of innovative materials, additional guidelines beside those aiming at achieving high performances are introduced. Original small molecules and polymers are designed selecting low-cost raw materials, severely the limiting the use of toxic and hazardous chemicals and designing all processes with up-scaling already in mind. These materials find an application in the field of (opto)electronics. An example of a good compromise between a simple design-good performance of a class of materials was investigated. In detail, a good part of the work was dedicated to the technology of luminescent solar concentrators devices, where the performances of the newly designed intrinsically sustainable materials are compared with those commercially available luminophores having similar spectral features. In the overall, we demonstrate comparable performance, but greatly improved sustainability and scalability. The final project was dedicated to the presentation of the first example of D-A regioregular polythiophene with an ambipolar character.
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Ouarti, Nadia. « Tampons faiblement basiques en milieu micellaire : application à l'optimisation de la catalyse micellaire de la déphosphorylation d'un ester organophosphoré hydrophobe par des oximates ». Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077228.

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Diego-Castro, Michael John. « Micellar media and the catalysis of the Diels-Alder reactions ». Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312963.

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Eychenne, Patricia. « Catalyse micellaire en présence de sels métalliques : hydrolyse, oxydation et polymérisation ». Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30141.

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Dans nos travaux la catalyse micellaire par des sels metalliques a ete etudiee sur les hydolyses, les oxydations et les polymerisations. La premiere partie est une mise au point bibliographique: la definition, les proprietes et les avantages des systemes micellaires, emulsions et microemulsions en milieu aqueux et non aqueux sont enonces. La seconde partie concerne la decontamination du paraoxon par la reaction modele d'hydrolyse basique du p-nitrophenyl diphenylphosphate. Le chlorure de cetyl pyridinium est choisi en raison d'une meilleure affinite avec le substrat aromatique. Des etudes en milieu micellaire mixte montrent clairement l'avantage de travailler dans des binaires glycerol/eau plutot que dans l'eau seule. De plus il apparait que le carbonate de potassium joue un role important sur la structure du milieu. La troisieme partie porte sur les reactions d'oxydation du tetrahydrothiophene afin de simuler la destruction d'un toxique particulierement dangereux: l'yperite. Le monoperoxyphtalate de magnesium, plus stable et moins toxique que les oxydants classiques, constitue l'agent d'oxydation de choix. Les systemes micellaires mixtes glycerol/eau presentent egalement un avantage ; les vitesses des reactions plus rapides, les rendements plus eleves avec une proportion plus faible en sulfone sont en faveur d'un meilleur systeme decontaminant. . .
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HADDAD-FAHED, OMAIMA. « Catalyse micellaire de reactions de substitution nucleophile aromatique comportant des reactifs electriquement charges ». Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066419.

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Haddad, Omaima. « Catalyse micellaire de réactions de substitution nucléophile aromatique comportant des réactifs électriquement chargés ». Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37606110d.

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Peroza, Meza Carlos Arturo. « Factors affecting the alkaline hydrolysis of carbaryl in the presence of cationic surfactants ». Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6248.

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Alkaline degradation of Carbaryl in the presence of CTAB micelles has been reported as the most efficient method; however, the factors accounting for it are not yet clear. The main objective of this work was to study some of the factors affecting the alkaline degradation of Carbaryl in the presence of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Three specific aims were researched in order to address the main objective. Solubility studies, UV-vis, fluorescence, and 1D-HNMR and 2D-HNMR spectroscopies were used to research the solubilization of carbaryl in CTAB micelles. Solubility studies showed that carbaryl partitions into CTAB micelles with a binding constant of 553 ± 8 M-1, and each mole of micellized surfactant incorporates about 0.336 moles of carbaryl. Spectroscopy studies showed that carbaryl does not interact electrostatically with micelles but does through van der Waals interactions. 1D-HNMR and 2D-HNMR indicated solubilization in the Stern layer, oriented with its hydrophilic moiety towards the Goüy-Chapman layer and the hydrophobic moiety towards the core of the micelle. Kinetic studies as a function of the surfactant concentration along with micellar kinetic models were used to calculate micellar rate constants (k’M) for each of four different cationic surfactants: cetyl trimethylammonium hydroxide (CTAOH), cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), cetyl trimethylammonium chloride (CTACl), and cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPCl), and compared to the corresponding rate constants (k’W) in water; the results in all cases showed k’M / k’W > 1. This fact led to the conclusion that additional factors beyond solubilization of substrates are playing a role. Solubility studies revealed the following binding constant order and solubilization capacity order: CPCl > CTAOH ≈ CTAB > CTACl, CPCl > CTAOH ≈ CTAC > CTAB, indicating that for CPCl, Coulombic interactions, such as charge-transfer complexes, may be favoring the concentration effects, while for other surfactants, such as CTAOH, the [–OH] as the micelle counterion increases Carbaryl’s concentration in the Stern layer compared to its bulk concentration. In contrast, large, weakly-hydrated polarizable ions such as Br– displace hydrophilic ions, providing less enhancement. Kinetic experiments as a function of the surfactant head’s charge led to the conclusion that cationic and zwitterionic surfactants have a catalytic effect of the alkaline hydrolysis of carbaryl, while nonionic and anionic surfactants have inhibitory effects: kobs (cationic) > kobs (zwitterionic) > kobs(nonionic) > kobs (anionic). A similar order for solubility parameters (Ks and SC) was observed from equilibrium solubility studies. Experiments as a function of the polarity of the medium in the presence of both polar and nonpolar solvents showed that the hydrolysis rate is inversely proportional to the medium polarity. Ionic strength experiments showed that the hydrolysis rate is inversely proportional to the ion concentration.
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Yu, Xiaoqian [Verfasser]. « Synthesis of organocatalysts immobilized on temperatureresponsive polymers for application in micellar catalysis / Xiaoqian Yu ». Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1167856465/34.

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Livres sur le sujet "Catalisi micellare"

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Micellar catalysis. Boca Raton : CRC/Taylor & Francis, 2007.

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Khan, Mohammad Niyaz. Micellar Catalysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Khan, Mohammad Niyaz. Micellar Catalysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.

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Khan, Mohammad Niyaz. Micellar Catalysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2010.

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Khan, Mohammad Niyaz. Micellar Catalysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.

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Khan, Mohammad Niyaz. Micellar Catalysis (Surfactant Science). CRC, 2006.

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Fendler, Janos. Catalysis in Micellar and Macromoleular Systems. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2012.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Catalisi micellare"

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Moroi, Yoshikiyo. « Micellar Catalysis ». Dans Micelles, 195–209. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0700-4_11.

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Nuyken, Oskar, Ralf Weberskirch, Thomas Kotre, Daniel Schönfelder et Alexander Wörndle. « Polymers for Micellar Catalysis ». Dans Polymeric Materials in Organic Synthesis and Catalysis, 277–304. Weinheim, FRG : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527601856.ch6.

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Kondo, Hiroki. « Micellar Catalysis of Pyridoxal-Dependent Reactions ». Dans Biochemistry of Vitamin B6, 347–52. Basel : Birkhäuser Basel, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9308-4_61.

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Oehme, G., I. Grassert et N. Flach. « Asymmetric Complex Catalysis in Micellar Systems ». Dans Aqueous Organometallic Chemistry and Catalysis, 245–57. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0355-8_24.

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Zuev, Yu F., B. Z. Idiyatullin, V. D. Fedotov, A. B. Mirgorodskaya, L. Ya Zakharova et L. A. Kudryavtseva. « Structural Factors in Micellar Catalysis : NMR Self-Diffusion Study ». Dans Magnetic Resonance in Colloid and Interface Science, 649–54. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0534-0_68.

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Sirovski, F. S. « Phase-Transfer and Micellar Catalysis in Two-Phase Systems ». Dans ACS Symposium Series, 68–88. Washington, DC : American Chemical Society, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0659.ch006.

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Gaboriaud, R., J. Lelièvre, G. Charbit et F. Dorion. « Reaction Rate Control by Salt Effects in Micellar Catalysis ». Dans Surfactants in Solution, 637–50. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7981-6_7.

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Heijnen, J. H. M., V. G. de Bruijn, L. J. P. van den Broeke et J. T. F. Keurentjes. « Micellar Catalysis as a Clean Alternative for Selective Epoxidation Reactions ». Dans ACS Symposium Series, 191–207. Washington, DC : American Chemical Society, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2002-0819.ch014.

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Manoury, Eric, Florence Gayet, Franck D’Agosto, Muriel Lansalot, Henri Delmas, Carine Julcour, Jean-François Blanco, Laurie Barthe et Rinaldo Poli. « Core-Cross-Linked Micelles and Amphiphilic Nanogels as Unimolecular Nanoreactors for Micellar-Type, Metal-Based Aqueous Biphasic Catalysis ». Dans Effects of Nanoconfinement on Catalysis, 147–72. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50207-6_7.

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Scarso, Alessandro, et Giorgio Strukul. « CHAPTER 12. Transition Metal Catalysis in Micellar Media : Much More Than a Simple Green Chemistry Promise ». Dans Green Chemistry Series, 268–88. Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781788016131-00268.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Catalisi micellare"

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Betty, Rita G., Mark D. Tucker, Gretchen Taggart, Mark K. Kinnan, Crystal Chanea Glen, Danielle Rivera, Andres Sanchez et Todd Michael Alam. Enhanced Micellar Catalysis LDRD. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), décembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1096958.

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