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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Carcinus »

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Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 11 mars 2023

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1

Russell, J. D., G. Walker et R. Woollen. « Observations on two infectious agents found within the rootlets of the parasitic barnacle, Sacculina carcini ». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 80, no 2 (avril 2000) : 373–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315499002027.

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Two types of infectious agent within rootlet cells of the parasitic barnacle, Sacculina carcini have been recognized by transmission electron microscopy. The rootlets were dissected from the common shore crab, Carcinus maenas, collected from two locales—Plymouth and Pwllheli. Yeast cells were identified within cells of S. carcini rootlets from crabs collected at both locations and an iridovirus was also found, but only in rootlets from Plymouth crabs. These infectious agents were never found co-occurring in the rootlets from Plymouth crabs. Both agents, when present in rootlets, were also present in the respective host crab tissues. It is therefore concluded that S. carcini rootlets are susceptible to invasion from natural infectious agents of the host crab.
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2

Edgell, Timothy C., et Christopher J. Neufeld. « Experimental evidence for latent developmental plasticity : intertidal whelks respond to a native but not an introduced predator ». Biology Letters 4, no 4 (3 juin 2008) : 385–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0204.

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Summary Animals with highly inducible traits may show no inducible response when exposed to a related but wholly novel cue. This appears to be true for the intertidal whelk Nucella lamellosa faced with a voracious introduced predator. In the laboratory, we exposed whelks to effluent from two species of predatory crab, the native red rock crab Cancer productus and the invasive European green crab Carcinus maenas . Nucella and Cancer have a long shared history in the northeast Pacific, whereas potential interaction with Carcinus began here less than 10 years ago. Although Nucella responded adaptively to Cancer effluent by increasing shell thickness and decreasing somatic growth, there was no such response to Carcinus . Furthermore, thicker shelled Nucella were less likely to be eaten by Carcinus. Because Nucella produces thicker shells when exposed to Cancer cues, its ability to respond similarly to Carcinus depends only on the coupling of the Carcinus cue to the existing developmental pathways for adaptive changes in shell form. Such coupling of latent plasticity to a novel cue—via genetic changes or associative learning—could explain many cases of rapid phenotypic change following a sudden shift in the environment.
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Lima, Jô de Farias, Jamile da Silva Garcia et Thibério Carvalho da Silva. « Natural diet and feeding habits of a freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium carcinus : Crustacea, Decapoda) in the estuary of the Amazon River ». Acta Amazonica 44, no 2 (juin 2014) : 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0044-59672014000200009.

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Macrobrachium carcinus is a Brazilian native prawn with recognized potential for use in aquaculture activities. However, there is little information about the natural diet and feeding habits of this species. The aim of this study was the identification of the diet items of M. carcinus based on the analysis of the stomach contents. Specimens were collected in the Amazon River estuary between January 2009 and January 2010. The stomach analysis was carried out by using the frequency of occurrence (FO), methods of points (MP) and feeding index (FI). It was observed that prawns fed on detritus, animals and plant fragments as the most important food items. Sediment accounted for the main stomach content, accounting for 43.2% by the MP, 44.9% by FI and 100% by the FO. Sexual differences in feeding preferences were not found in this study, and seasonal differences in the frequency of items ingested by M. carcinus were not observed. The results indicated that M. carcinus can be considered omnivorous species, but with an important carnivorous component, similar to that found in other Macrobrachium species.
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4

Abello, P., C. G. Warman et E. Naylor. « Circatidal Moulting Rhythm in The Shore Crab Carcinus Maenas ». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 77, no 1 (février 1997) : 277–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400033981.

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Late premoult females from precopula pairs of male and female Carcimts maenas (Crustacea: Brachyura) moulted at times of expected high tide in constant conditions in the laboratory. The data presents for the first time evidence of endogenous, circatidal (−12·4 h) moulting rhythms in a crustacean.Studies on the temporal patterns of moulting in crustaceans have elucidated rhythms of seasonal (annual or biannual), lunar (29·4 d), semilunar (14·7 d) and diel (24 h) periodicities (see Conan, 1985; Fernandez et al., 1994). Examples in the literature of so-called ‘tidal’ rhythmicity of moulting given by Conan (1985) are more correctly referred to as semilunar or neap/spring patterns. There appear to be no reported examples of true tidal (12·4 h) moulting rhythms. Also there is very little evidence in the literature that moulting rhythms phased to geophysical cycles are controlled endogenously. Most studies have been carried out in the field or under L:D cycles in the laboratory and only a few have been undertaken with animals in constant conditions (see Fowler et al., 1971; Bishop & Herrnkind, 1976; Nicol, 1989; Fernandez et al., 1994). Conan (1985) has reported moulting rhythms of circamonthly, circatidal (=circasemilunar) and circadian periodicities but his use of the prefix ‘circa’ is unusual since it more correctly describes free-running rhythms in constant conditions, not environmentally driven rhythms as in the examples quoted. In the present study we sought to determine whether moulting in the shore crab Carcimts maenas (L.) was tidally patterned and endogenous.Over a period of several days in the summer of 1991 large numbers of premoult female Carcinus maenas were obtained by searching for specimens associated with males in precopular pairs.
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LIMA, Jô de Farias, Jamile da Silva GARCIA et Marcos TAVARES. « Foregut morphology of Macrobrachium carcinus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) ». Acta Amazonica 46, no 2 (juin 2016) : 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201501214.

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ABSTRACT Macrobrachium carcinus is a Brazilian native prawn with recognized potential for use in aquaculture activities. The aim of this study was to describe and illustrate in detail the morphology of the M. carcinus foregut. The foregut comprises the mouth, esophagus and stomach. It is lined by a simple cylindrical epithelium overlain by chitinous cuticle. The cardiac chamber is well supplied with muscles and lined with chitin thickened in places to form a complex, articulating set of ossicles. The ossicles and setae inside the cardiac chamber seem to direct the food movement through the cardiac chamber and sort the food according to particle size as digestion takes place. Twenty-one basic ossicles were observed in the stomach ofM. carcinus and are divided into seven categories, reflecting their presumed functional roles. The significance of these morphological features is discussed in terms of its implication in feeding management that can support future commercial farms of this important fishery resource.
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6

Arnould, J. M. « La β-alanylation, une voie de neutralisation de l'histamine dans le système nerveux central de Carcinus maenas ». Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no 9 (1 septembre 1987) : 1898–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-294.

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Histamine neutralization in Carcinus maenas is not ensured by oxidation, methylation, or acetylation. After injecting labelled histamine, radioactive carcinine (β-alanylhistamine), biosynthesized in the central nervous system, rapidly accumulates in the heart. This synthesis is intense and proportional to the amount of histamine injected; on the contrary, it is very low after injecting labelled β-alanine, whatever the amount injected. Ten days after injecting [14C]histamine, the amounts of radioactive carcinine stocked in the heart remain high. When incubated in the presence of labelled carcinine, various Carcinus tissues are unable to metabolize it. Thus it appears that carcinine would be the catabolite of histamine in Carcinus maenas and that β-alanylation would be a novel pathway for histamine neutralization. Since carcinine synthetase activity is very high in the central nervous system, this enzyme might neutralize not only neuronal histamine, but also possibly exogenous histamine; thus it would constitute an element of the blood–brain barrier.
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7

Davies, Charlotte E., David Bass, Georgia M. Ward, Frederico M. Batista, Sophie H. Malkin, Jessica E. Thomas, Kelly Bateman, Stephen W. Feist, Christopher J. Coates et Andrew F. Rowley. « Diagnosis and prevalence of two new species of haplosporidians infecting shore crabs Carcinus maenas : Haplosporidium carcini n. sp., and H. cranc n. sp. » Parasitology 147, no 11 (16 juin 2020) : 1229–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182020000980.

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AbstractThis study provides a morphological and phylogenetic characterization of two novel species of the order Haplosporida (Haplosporidium carcini n. sp., and H. cranc n. sp.) infecting the common shore crab Carcinus maenas collected at one location in Swansea Bay, South Wales, UK. Both parasites were observed in the haemolymph, gills and hepatopancreas. The prevalence of clinical infections (i.e. parasites seen directly in fresh haemolymph preparations) was low, at ~1%, whereas subclinical levels, detected by polymerase chain reaction, were slightly higher at ~2%. Although no spores were found in any of the infected crabs examined histologically (n = 334), the morphology of monokaryotic and dikaryotic unicellular stages of the parasites enabled differentiation between the two new species. Phylogenetic analyses of the new species based on the small subunit (SSU) rDNA gene placed H. cranc in a clade of otherwise uncharacterized environmental sequences from marine samples, and H. carcini in a clade with other crustacean-associated lineages.
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Rowley, Andrew F., Charlotte E. Davies, Sophie H. Malkin, Charlotte C. Bryan, Jessica E. Thomas, Frederico M. Batista et Christopher J. Coates. « Prevalence and histopathology of the parasitic barnacle, Sacculina carcini in shore crabs, Carcinus maenas ». Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 171 (mars 2020) : 107338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2020.107338.

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9

Mathieson, S., A. J. Berry et S. Kennedy. « The Parasitic Rhizocephalan Barnacle Sacculina Carcini in Crabs of the Forth Estuary, Scotland ». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 78, no 2 (mai 1998) : 665–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400041710.

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In the Forth Estuary, Scotland, parasitic rhizocephalan barnacle Sacculina carcini externae or scars occurred on 64% of Carcinus maenas from the subtidal channel of the middle estuary. These became more frequent downstream, infecting 46·9% in the lower estuary basin. Male and female crabs were infected equally, and infection rates in low-tide samples did not differ from high-tide. The parasites occurred most frequently on crabs of 40–50 mm carapace width (CW) rather than the modal crab size class of 50–60 mm. Downstream, proportionately more smaller than larger crabs bore parasites whereas, further upstream, more larger than smaller crabs bore parasites. There is evidence for the annual appearance of new externae in July-October, especially in the lower estuary basin, followed by their growth and loss after about a year.
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10

Viader-Salvadó, José M., José Alberto Aguilar Briseño, Juan A. Gallegos-López, José A. Fuentes-Garibay, Carlos Alfonso Alvarez-González et Martha Guerrero-Olazarán. « Identification and in silico structural and functional analysis of a trypsin-like protease from shrimp Macrobrachium carcinus ». PeerJ 8 (23 avril 2020) : e9030. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9030.

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Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758) is a species of freshwater shrimp widely distributed from Florida southwards to southern Brazil, including southeast of Mexico. In the present work, we identified a putative trypsin-like protease cDNA fragment of 736 nucleotides from M. carcinus hepatopancreas tissue by the 3′RACE technique and compared the deduced amino acid sequence to other trypsin-related proteases to describe its structure and function relationship. The bioinformatics analyses showed that the deduced amino acid sequence likely corresponds to a trypsin-like protease closely related to brachyurins, which comprise a subset of serine proteases with collagenolytic activity found in crabs and other crustacea. The M. carcinus trypsin-like protease sequence showed a global sequence identity of 94% with an unpublished trypsin from Macrobrachium rosenbergii (GenBank accession no. AMQ98968), and only 57% with Penaeus vannamei trypsin (GenBank accession no. CAA60129). A detailed analysis of the amino acid sequence revealed specific differences with crustacean trypsins, such as the sequence motif at the beginning of the mature protein, activation mechanism of the corresponding zymogen, amino acid residues of the catalytic triad and residues responsible for substrate specificity.
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11

McVean, A. R. « Autotomy in Carcinus maenas (Decapoda : Crustacea) ». Journal of Zoology 169, no 3 (6 mai 2010) : 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1973.tb04561.x.

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12

Rothwell,, Kenneth S. « Was Carcinus I a Tragic Playwright ? » Classical Philology 89, no 3 (juillet 1994) : 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/367418.

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13

Dolashka-Angelova, P., M. Beltramini, A. Dolashki, B. Salvato, R. Hristova et W. Voelter. « Carbohydrate Composition of Carcinus aestuarii Hemocyanin ». Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 389, no 2 (mai 2001) : 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abbi.2000.2015.

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14

Stewart, Edmund. « An Ancient Theatre Dynasty : The Elder Carcinus, the Young Xenocles and the Sons of Carcinus in Aristophanes ». Philologus 160, no 1 (1 janvier 2016) : 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phil-2016-0001.

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15

Towle, D. W., M. E. Rushton, D. Heidysch, J. J. Magnani, M. J. Rose, A. Amstutz, M. K. Jordan, D. W. Shearer et W. S. Wu. « Sodium/proton antiporter in the euryhaline crab Carcinus maenas : molecular cloning, expression and tissue distribution. » Journal of Experimental Biology 200, no 6 (1 mars 1997) : 1003–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.6.1003.

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Gill epithelial cells of euryhaline crustaceans demonstrate net inward transport of sodium ions, possibly via apical Na+/H+ antiporters, Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporters or Na+ channels working in series with the basolateral Na(+) + K(+)-ATPase. We have identified and sequenced the cDNA coding for a crustacean Na+/H+ antiporter, starting with mRNA isolated from gills of the euryhaline green shore crab Carcinus maenas. The complete 2595-base-pair cDNA includes an open reading frame coding for a 673-amino-acid protein. A search of GenBank revealed more than 20 high-scoring matches, all Na+/H+ antiporter sequences from mammalian, amphibian, teleost and nematode species. Injection of Xenopus laevis oocytes with cRNA transcribed from the cloned crab sequence substantially enhanced Na(+)-dependent H+ efflux from the oocytes. Analysis of crab tissue antiporter mRNA levels by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that posterior and anterior gills of Carcinus maenas expressed this antiporter the most strongly, followed in decreasing order by skeletal muscle, hepatopancreas, hypodermis and heart. Hydropathy and transmembrane alpha-helix analysis suggested a 10-helix membrane-spanning topology of the antiporter protein. It is clear from this study that Carcinus maenas gills vigorously transcribe a gene coding for a Na+/H+ antiporter. Whether these gills also express a gene coding for an epithelial Na+ channel or Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter remains to be demonstrated.
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Carman, Mary R., David W. Grunden et Annette F. Govindarajan. « Species–specific crab predation on the hydrozoan clinging jellyfish Gonionemus sp. (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa), subsequent crab mortality, and possible ecological consequences ». PeerJ 5 (26 octobre 2017) : e3966. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3966.

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Here we report a unique trophic interaction between the cryptogenic and sometimes highly toxic hydrozoan clinging jellyfish Gonionemus sp. and the spider crab Libinia dubia. We assessed species–specific predation on the Gonionemus medusae by crabs found in eelgrass meadows in Massachusetts, USA. The native spider crab species L. dubia consumed Gonionemus medusae, often enthusiastically, but the invasive green crab Carcinus maenus avoided consumption in all trials. One out of two blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) also consumed Gonionemus, but this species was too rare in our study system to evaluate further. Libinia crabs could consume up to 30 jellyfish, which was the maximum jellyfish density treatment in our experiments, over a 24-hour period. Gonionemus consumption was associated with Libinia mortality. Spider crab mortality increased with Gonionemus consumption, and 100% of spider crabs tested died within 24 h of consuming jellyfish in our maximum jellyfish density containers. As the numbers of Gonionemus medusae used in our experiments likely underestimate the number of medusae that could be encountered by spider crabs over a 24-hour period in the field, we expect that Gonionemus may be having a negative effect on natural Libinia populations. Furthermore, given that Libinia overlaps in habitat and resource use with Carcinus, which avoids Gonionemus consumption, Carcinus populations could be indirectly benefiting from this unusual crab–jellyfish trophic relationship.
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González-Aleman, Néstor, et Álvaro Mairena-Valdivia. « Estudio Biométrico y ecológico del camarón de río (género Macrobrachium) en la parte baja de la cuenca del río Kukra ». Wani, no 74 (28 décembre 2018) : 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/wani.v0i74.9731.

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El género Macrobrachium comprende más de cien especies, de las cuales 26 pertenecen al continente americano (Pascual, 2005); comúnmente son conocidos como camarones de río y/o langostino. Debido a su trascendencia como recurso pesquero se les considera de gran importancia económica, principalmente Macrobrachium carcinus y M. acanthurus, los cuales son bien conocidos y explotados en la mayoría de las comunidades ribereñas de toda Latinoamérica (García-Guerrero, Becerril-Morales, Vega-Villasante, & Espinosa-Chaurand, 2013).Durante el periodo de estudio (2006-2007) se capturó un total de 1180 ejemplares. De éstos, 447 individuos fueron Macrobrachium acanthurus; 622, M. carcinus, y 111 fueron M. olfersii. Todas las capturas se realizaron con nasas de bambú de la especie Guadua del tipo Amplexifolia que es nativo de Nicaragua.Durante el estudio, la temperatura promedio fue 27,2 ± 1,25 °C (rango: 25 - 29 °C), transparencia promedio de 0,3 ± 0,17 m (rango: 0,26 - 0,45 m) y la profundidad promedio de 3 ± 0,25 m (rango: 2 - 4,5 m). En la proporción sexual (hembra/macho) hubo dominancia de machos. Para M. carcinus la proporción fue (1H: 0,9M) con un valor de χ2 = 2,57, sin diferencia significativa; M. acanthurus presentó una proporción (1H: 1,66M) con un valor de χ2 = 18,53, con diferencia significativa, y M. olfersii mostró una proporción (1H: 0,8M) con valor de χ2 = 0,73, sin diferencia significativa. Existe diferencia significativa cuando (χ2 < 3,84 y p > 0,05) (Vazzoler, 1996).M. carcinus presentó un promedio de Longitud Total (LT) de 15,8 ± 4,5 cm (rango: 3,6 - 24 cm) y un Peso Total (W) de 105,4 ± 82,5 g (rango: 1,7 - 382 g). Para las tres especies el modelo que mejor se ajusta al crecimiento de la población es el modelo polinómico, en M. carcinus (W = 1,6 LT2 - 28,2 LT + 118,6) explica más del 90% de la relación entre el W y LT (R2 = 0,9046). M. acanthurus presentó LT promedio de 11,7 ± 4,9 cm (rango: 4,3 - 26 cm) y W de 47,1 ± 66,2 g (rango: 1,3 - 383 g), el modelo de crecimiento de esta población (W = 1,2 LT2 - 19,5 LT + 79,36) explica más del 93% de la relación entre W y LT (R2 = 0.9395).Finalmente, M. olfersii presentó LT promedio de 6,4 ± 1,3 cm (rango: 3,5 - 9,6 cm) y un W de 4,2 ± 1,8 g (rango: 1,2 - 9,7 g), el modelo de crecimiento de esta población (W = 0,22 LT2 - 1,8 LT + 6,5) explica más del 60% de la relación entre W y LT (R2 = 0,621) en hembras y menos del 30% en machos (R2 = 0,294).
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Fossi, M. C., C. Savelli et S. Casini. « Mixed function oxidase induction in Carcinus aestuarii. » Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology 121, no 1-3 (novembre 1998) : 321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0742-8413(98)10053-1.

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Factor, Jan Robert, et Barbara L. Dexter. « Suspension feeding in larval crabs (Carcinus maenas) ». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 73, no 1 (février 1993) : 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400032732.

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First-stage zoeal larvae of the green (shore) crab, Carcinus maenas (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae), ingested three types of particles offered in sea-water suspensions. In experiments using two types of fluorescent particles (1–2 µm and 1–7 µm ) and living Dunaliella tertiolecta cells (5–7 µm), particles were ingested in at least 40% of the zoeae examined with brightfield, darkfield, and epifluorescence microscopy. These results suggest that green crab larvae may be capable of utilizing planktonic particles in the size range of bacteria, small algal cells, and organically-enriched detrital particles in their natural diet.
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Naczk, Marian, Jim Williams, Kathleen Brennan, Chandrika Liyanapathirana et Fereidoon Shahidi. « Compositional characteristics of green crab (Carcinus maenas) ». Food Chemistry 88, no 3 (décembre 2004) : 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.01.056.

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Mouritsen, KN, SNS Geyti, J. Lützen, JT Høeg et H. Glenner. « Population dynamics and development of the rhizocephalan Sacculina carcini, parasitic on the shore crab Carcinus maenas ». Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 131, no 3 (20 novembre 2018) : 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao03290.

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Mathieson, S., et A. J. Berry. « Spatial, Temporal and Tidal Variation in Crab Populations in the Forth Estuary, Scotland ». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 77, no 1 (février 1997) : 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400033853.

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Five species of crabs were recorded in the Forth Estuary, of which Liocarcinus depurator and Cancer pagurus were confined to the lowest reaches where salinities are 24–35%‰. Carcinus maenas, Liocarcinus holsatus and Hyas araneus also occurred in the middle estuary where salinities are 22–31%‰ in summer but often fall to ~12%‰ in winter. A very few L. depurator and Cancer pagurus were confined to the lower estuary and mostly occurred in low tide trawls in summer. Carcinus maenas alone was recorded much further up the estuary where salinities rarely exceed 0–5·7%‰. Carcinus maenas predominated numerically throughout with an overall mean density of 0·0075 m−2 in the middle and lower estuary. Carcinus maenas in the estuary channel measured 16·6–82·9 mm carapace width (CW) with a modal size–class of 50–60 mm. Males were outnumbered by females (0·68:1 overall), and more markedly in summer than winter. Yet males were significantly bigger on average than females. Egg-masses were borne by 7·5% of all trawled females, but by 31·1% in April–May. On adjacent shores, by contrast, the much higher numbers of C. maenas were nearly all <20 mm CW. Low water trawls yielded significantly more C. maenas, but significantly lower proportions of males, than high water trawls. Liocarcinus holsatus was most abundant within the mid-lower estuary basin, with numbers decreasing both upstream and at the estuary mouth. Males outnumbered females by 2·26:1 overall, and most markedly at the extremities of the range. Males were significantly bigger than females, although sizes of both generally increased towards the mouth of the estuary. Only three of the 101 females bore eggs. Low water trawls yielded slightly more L. holsatus than high water trawls. Numbers of H. araneus increased markedly from mid-estuary to the estuary mouth where counts averaged 0·0021 m−2. Males outnumbered females by 2·17:1, and more so among those >40 mm CW. No female bore eggs. Records of the presence of C. maenas, Liocarcinus sp. and Hyas sp. all increased in the estuary from 1985 to 1995 reflecting increases in intertidal faunal diversity and changes in industrial practices since the early 1980s.
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Blewett, Tamzin A., et Greg G. Goss. « A novel pathway of nutrient absorption in crustaceans : branchial amino acid uptake in the green shore crab ( Carcinus maenas ) ». Proceedings of the Royal Society B : Biological Sciences 284, no 1868 (6 décembre 2017) : 20171298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1298.

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Estuaries are environments enriched with dissolved nutrients such as amino acids. To date, marine arthropods are the only invertebrate group that have not been demonstrated to access this potentially important nutrient resource. Using in vitro gill perfusion techniques, we sought to investigate the ability of the green shore crab ( Carcinus maenas ) to take up the amino acid l -leucine directly from the water. Investigation of the concentration-dependent transport kinetics of radiolabelled l -leucine showed that there are two specific transport pathways across Carcinus gills, one with high affinity and low capacity, and the other with high capacity and low affinity. Using putative competitive substrates and reduced sodium preparations, we were able to identify the putative amino acid transport system associated with high-affinity uptake. This is the first study to demonstrate the absorption of dissolved organic nutrients across the gill epithelium of a marine arthropod.
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Davenport, J., et P. G. Moore. « Behavioural responses of the netted dogwhelk Nassarius reticulatus to olfactory signals derived from conspecific and nonconspecific carrion ». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 82, no 6 (21 novembre 2002) : 967–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531540200646x.

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Netted dogwhelks Nassarius reticulatus were offered standardized olfactory signals derived from flesh of: cod (Gadus morhua), starfish (Asterias rubens), shore crabs (Carcinus maenas), mussels (Mytilus edulis), periwinkles (Littorina littorea), dog whelks (Nucella lapillus) and netted dogwhelks. Nassarius reticulatus responded positively to all signals except the conspecific one. Positive responses to extracts were in the order (strongest to weakest): Gadus, Carcinus, Nucella, Mytilus, Asterias, Littorina. Starved Nassarius reticulatus buried in sand emerged rapidly to feed on crushed C. maenas, but remained buried when offered crushed conspecifics. These data confirmed the hypothesis that N. reticulatus would not respond positively to the smell of conspecific carrion, to avoid emerging from the substratum while neighbours were being predated. However, a second hypothesis, that strength of response to olfactory signal was proportional to taxonomic distance between N. reticulatus and the source of carrion was not supported by the data.
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Kumlu, M., et D. A. Jones. « Digestive Protease Activity in Planktonic Crustaceans Feeding at Different Trophic Levels ». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 77, no 1 (février 1997) : 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400033841.

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Trypsin-like enzyme activity of the larvae of two planktonic predatory crustaceans, Homarus gammarus and Nephrops norvegicus (Decapoda: Nephropidae) and the omnivorous larvae of Carcinus maenas (Decapoda: Brachyura) were investigated at each larval stage until metamorphosis. Two copepods, herbivorous or omnivorous grazers, Centropages typicus and Temora longicornis (Copepoda: Calanoidae) were also investigated for this enzyme. A comparison of trypsin-like activity in these and other decapod larvae shows a pattern with high levels in herbivores, low levels in carnivores and intermediate levels in omnivores. Herbivorous planktonic crustaceans appear to rely on high digestive enzyme activities to extract nutrients from less digestible algae or particulates, whereas carnivorous larvae have limited enzymatic capacity as they feed at higher trophic levels upon large and easily digestible prey. Omnivorous Carcinus maenas larvae have intermediate levels of digestive enzymes and are able to transfer between herbivorous and omnivorous feeding.
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BROCKTON, V., J. HAMMOND et V. SMITH. « Gene characterisation, isoforms and recombinant expression of carcinin, an antibacterial protein from the shore crab, Carcinus maenas ». Molecular Immunology 44, no 5 (février 2007) : 943–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2006.03.017.

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Suleiman, Suzanne, Valerie J. Smith et Elisabeth A. Dyrynda. « Unusual tissue distribution of carcinin, an antibacterial crustin, in the crab, Carcinus maenas, reveals its multi-functionality ». Developmental & ; Comparative Immunology 76 (novembre 2017) : 274–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2017.06.010.

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ZETLMEISL, C., J. HERMANN, T. PETNEY, H. GLENNER, C. GRIFFITHS et H. TARASCHEWSKI. « Parasites of the shore crab Carcinus maenas (L.) : implications for reproductive potential and invasion success ». Parasitology 138, no 3 (30 septembre 2010) : 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182010001344.

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SUMMARYThe European shore crab, Carcinus maenas, is one of the most successful marine invasive species. Its success has been in part attributed to the loss of parasites, rekindling an interest in host-parasite interactions and impacts on host fitness in this crab. In the present study, we investigated C. maenas populations from Europe, South Africa and Australia for parasites, and assessed their impact on the fitness of male crabs. For the shore crab, testes weight along with success in mating competition is traded off against other life-history traits. We therefore used this parameter as an indicator both for reproductive fitness and a possible resource trade-off in response to parasite infestation. In the native range, crabs infested with Sacculina carcini showed significantly lower testes weight than uninfected crabs. However, helminth parasites did not generally cause reduced testes weights. Crab populations from South Africa and Australia were either parasitized at very low prevalences, or were completely parasite free. However, no population level effect of this parasite release was reflected in testes weight. These findings do not support a severe fitness impact of helminth parasites on C. maenas, which questions the role of parasites on its population dynamics, both in the native area and for invasive success.
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MORAES, ALEX BARBOSA DE, DANIELE COSME SOARES DE MORAES, CARLOS EDUARDO ROCHA DUARTE ALENCAR, ALLYSSON PONTES PINHEIRO, SERGIO MAIA QUEIROZ LIMA et FÚLVIO AURÉLIO DE MORAIS FREIRE. « Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868 (Decapoda : Palaemonidae) : New records, range extension and geographic distribution in the Northeastern Caatinga & ; Coastal Drainages, and São Francisco hydrographic ecoregions, Northeast of Brazil ». Zootaxa 4964, no 1 (21 avril 2021) : 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4964.1.2.

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This study constitutes the most comprehensive effort ever done to assess the faunal diversity of the Macrobrachium genus within two ecoregions that encompass part of the northeastern Brazil: the Northeastern Caatinga & Coastal Drainages, and the São Francisco (Lower-middle and Lower portions). Through sampling in several of their hydrographic basins, bibliographic research, and consulting scientific collections, our results reveal the occurrence of five species along these ecoregions: Macrobrachium acanthurus, M. amazonicum, M. carcinus, M. jelskii and M. olfersii. We also provide the first record of these species for several river basins in both ecoregions. Additionally, we confirm the occurrence of M. carcinus from Rio Grande do Norte State and provide updated distribution maps for each species in the studied area. This carcinofauna survey may form the basis for future evaluations of eventual anthropic impacts on biological diversity resulting from projects being implemented in these regions, which involve the São Francisco interbasin water transfer.
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Pompeu, Paulo dos S., Fábio Vieira et Carlos B. Martinez. « Utilização do mecanismo de transposição de peixes da Usina Hidrelétrica Santa Clara por camarões (Palaemonidae), bacia do rio Mucuri, Minas Gerais, Brasil ». Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 23, no 1 (mars 2006) : 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-81752006000100024.

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Durante a operação do elevador para peixes da Usina Hidrelétrica Santa Clara, de novembro de 2003 a março de 2004, todos os crustáceos palaemonídeos adultos que utilizaram o mecanismo foram contados e o número de jovens estimado. Duas espécies foram registradas: Macrobrachium carcinus (Linnaeus, 1758) e Macrobrachium acanthurus (Wiegmann, 1836). A utilização do mecanismo por adultos foi bastante restrita, com apenas 185 exemplares registrados. Porém, o número de jovens de M. carcinus utilizando o elevador foi estimado em 19.120 indivíduos. Embora o mecanismo avaliado tenha permitido a passagem dos palaemonídeos para montante do barramento, ficou clara a necessidade de novos arranjos estruturais e de manejo específicos para esses animais. Essas ações se referem ao desenvolvimento de estruturas direcionadas para a sua passagem e a adoção de vertimentos programados durante o período reprodutivo para permitir o carreamento de larvas para jusante. Esses dois caminhos representam formas efetivas de manejo, imprescindíveis para a manutenção das populações deste importante componente da biota aquática.
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Hunter, E., et E. Naylor. « Intertidal migration by the shore crab Carcinus maenas ». Marine Ecology Progress Series 101 (1993) : 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps101131.

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Burden, CT, AJ Stow, SJ Hoggard, MA Coleman et MJ Bishop. « Genetic structure of Carcinus maenas in southeast Australia ». Marine Ecology Progress Series 500 (17 mars 2014) : 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps10704.

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Halcrow, K., et J. C. Smith. « Wound closure in the crab Carcinus maenas (L.) ». Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no 12 (1 décembre 1986) : 2770–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-401.

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Small holes were drilled through the integument of Carcinus maenas in one of three locations and the subsequent production of repair cuticle was followed by light and transmission electron microscopy for 105 d. Such holes were plugged by coagulated hemolymph and clumped hemocytes within 24 h. Repair cuticle began to be produced within 7 d, first at the margin of the hole, then centripetally. An epicuticle was not produced. The material synthesized was initially loosely organized but regularly lamellate cuticle was laid down later. This material continued to be produced for at least 105 d by which time its thickness might exceed that of the adjacent undamaged cuticle. The repair cuticle is not the equivalent of any of the constituents of normal procuticle, at least with respect to its ultrastructural organization.
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Cripps, Gemma, Stephen Widdicombe, John I. Spicer et Helen S. Findlay. « Biological impacts of enhanced alkalinity in Carcinus maenas ». Marine Pollution Bulletin 71, no 1-2 (juin 2013) : 190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.03.015.

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Wong, V. W. T., et P. S. Rainbow. « Two metallothioneins in the shore crab Carcinus maenas ». Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A : Physiology 83, no 1 (janvier 1986) : 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(86)90102-7.

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Lucu, Čedomil. « Evidence for Cl− exchangers in perfused Carcinus gills ». Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A : Physiology 92, no 3 (janvier 1989) : 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(89)90584-7.

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Garside, C. J., M. A. Coleman, B. P. Kelaher et M. J. Bishop. « Putative Predators of Carcinus Maenas in Eastern Australia ». Estuaries and Coasts 38, no 5 (7 octobre 2014) : 1557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9895-1.

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Olson, S. Douglas. « Was Carcinus I a Tragic Playwright ? : A Response ». Classical Philology 92, no 3 (juillet 1997) : 258–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/449353.

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Romandini, Paolo, Alessandra Barel, Mariano Beltramini et Benedetto Salvato. « The kinetics of reconstitution of Carcinus maenas apohemocyanin ». Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 30, no 4 (août 1987) : 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-0134(87)80069-7.

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Zatta, Paolo, Paolo Buso et Giuliano Moschini. « Selenium distribution in the tissues of Carcinus maenas ». Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C : Comparative Pharmacology 81, no 2 (janvier 1985) : 469–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(85)90039-8.

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Doi, Wataru, Yuichi Iinuma, Masashi Yokota et Seiichi Watanabe. « Comparative feeding behavior of invasive (Carcinus aestuarii) and native crabs (Hemigrapsus takanoi) ». Crustacean Research 38 (2009) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18353/crustacea.38.0_1.

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CONSTANTINIDIS, Cassia Barbosa, et Mariana Cutolo de ARAUJO. « FOOD ACCEPTANCE IN DIFFERENT LARVAL STAGES OF Macrobrachium carcinus ». Boletim do Instituto de Pesca 47 (2021) : e666. http://dx.doi.org/10.20950/1678-2305/bip.2021.47.e666.

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Food acceptance in different larval stages of Macrobrachium carcinus was evaluated by investigating the stage at which the ingestion of inert moist diet food begins and by the incidence of Artemia nauplii and inert moist diet in the digestive tract throughout development. Two experiments were carried out: in the first study, the acceptance of the inert diet was evaluated in 60 larvae of each stage (I to XII) fed ad libitum after two hours of fasting. The inert diet was 100% accepted at zoea stage V. In the second study, newly hatched larva was then kept in larval tanks and fed with Artemia nauplii and inert moist diet simultaneously. Fifteen minutes after feeding, 50 specimens of each larval stage were examined and evaluated for the ingestion of these foods. Larvae at stage I did not feed, while larvae at stage II consumed both live and inert food. From the stage of zoea IX, the exclusive consumption of Artemia nauplii was not verified. These data indicate that feeding M. carcinus in larviculture can be initiated at stage II with inert moist diet and Artemia nauplii, and an exclusive supply of inert moist diet from stage IX can be recommended.
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Young, Alan M., et James A. Elliott. « Life History and Population Dynamics of Green Crabs (Carcinus maenas) ». Fishes 5, no 1 (31 décembre 2019) : 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes5010004.

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Carcinus maenas (the “shore crab” or “European green crab”) is a very proficient invader (considered to be one of the world’s 100 worst invaders by the IUCN) due to its phenotypic plasticity, wide temperature and salinity tolerance, and an extensive omnivorous diet. Native to Atlantic Europe, it has established two well-studied nonindigenous populations in the northwestern Atlantic and northeastern Pacific and less-studied populations in Australia, Argentina and South Africa. Green crabs are eurythermal and euryhaline as adults, but they are limited to temperate coastlines due to more restrictive temperature requirements for breeding and larval development. They cannot tolerate wave-swept open shores so are found in wave-protected sheltered bays, estuaries and harbors. Carcinus maenas has been the subject of numerous papers, with over 1000 published in the past decade. This review provides an up-to-date account of the current published information on the life history and population dynamics of this very important species, including genetic differentiation, habitat preferences, physical parameter tolerances, reproduction and larval development, sizes of crabs, densities of populations, sex ratios, ecosystem dynamics and ecological impacts in the various established global populations of green crabs.
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Waser, AM, MA Goedknegt, R. Dekker, N. McSweeney, JIJ Witte, J. van der Meer et DW Thieltges. « Tidal elevation and parasitism : patterns of infection by the rhizocephalan parasite Sacculina carcini in shore crabs Carcinus maenas ». Marine Ecology Progress Series 545 (8 mars 2016) : 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps11594.

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Glenner, Henrik, et Malin Werner. « Increased susceptibility of recently moulted Carcinus maenas (L.) to attack by the parasitic barnacle Sacculina carcini Thompson 1836 ». Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 228, no 1 (octobre 1998) : 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0981(98)00019-7.

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Hardege, JD, HD Bartels-Hardege, N. Fletcher, JA Terschak, M. Harley, MA Smith, L. Davidson et al. « Identification of a female sex pheromone in Carcinus maenas ». Marine Ecology Progress Series 436 (31 août 2011) : 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps09226.

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Gilchrist, Barbara M., et W. L. Lee. « Carotenoids and carotenoid metabolism in Carcinus maenas (Crustacea : Decapoda) ». Journal of Zoology 151, no 2 (20 août 2009) : 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1967.tb02108.x.

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Gilchrist, Barbara M., et W. L. Lee. « Carotenoids and carotenoid metabolism in Carcinus maenas (Crustacea : Decapoda) ». Journal of Zoology 151, no 1 (20 août 2009) : 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1967.tb02871.x.

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Rangeley, R. W., et M. L. H. Thomas. « Predatory behaviour of juvenile shore crab Carcinus maenas (L.) ». Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 108, no 2 (juin 1987) : 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0981(87)80023-0.

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Ding, X., G. P. C. Nagaraju, D. Novotney, D. L. Lovett et D. W. Borst. « Yolk protein expression in the green crab, Carcinus maenas ». Aquaculture 298, no 3-4 (janvier 2010) : 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.10.024.

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