Bibliographies thématiques / Carbon Dits

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Carbon Dits »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 7 septembre 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Carbon Dits"

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Suvanam, Sethu Saveda, David M. Martin, Carl Mikael Zetterling et Anders Hallén. « Tailoring the Interface between Dielectric and 4H-SiC by Ion Implantation ». Materials Science Forum 821-823 (juin 2015) : 488–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.821-823.488.

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In this paper effects of carbon (C), silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) implantation on the interface properties of 4H-SiC/SiO2and the implications for 4H-SiC bipolar junction transistors (BJT) passivation are discussed. 4H-SiC epi-layer have been implanted with12C,14N and28Si ion at three different doses with energies of 3, 3.5 and 6 keV, respectively, resulting in a projected range of 8 nm for the three ions. Then metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) structures with SiO2as dielectric have been fabricated. Capacitance voltage measurements show an increase in the negative fixed charges for all the implanted samples as a function of implantation induced damage. Similarly, in the case of C and Si, the surface roughness increases as a function of dose and the mass of the ions. No reduction of Dits due to the implantations is seen for any of the ions. Furthermore, TCAD device simulations of npn bipolar junction transistors (BJT), using the interface and fixed charges extracted from CV measurements, show a way to further optimize current gain and breakdown properties for the BJT.
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Azuma, Hideto. « A New Structural Model for Nongraphitic Carbons ». Journal of Applied Crystallography 31, no 6 (1 décembre 1998) : 910–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889898008085.

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A structural analysis using a new, simple model describing the stacking structure of nongraphitic carbons is presented. The model is based on the idea that there is only a nearest-neighbour interaction between carbon layers. The nearest-neighbour interaction is described by the distribution of interlayer dist-ances, which, assuming a linear conjugate of two independent Gaussian distributions, gives a good fit to the obtained X-ray diffraction profile of carbon. This model is applied to a heat-treated series of nongraphitizing carbons from phenolic resin. The result shows that the average interlayer distances are about 0.4 nm. The model allows the diffraction intensity from carbon layers and the scattering intensity due to the porous structure of the carbon samples to be differentiated.
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Pelícia, Vanessa Cristina, Kelen Cristiane Zavarize, Carlos Ducatti, Ana Cristina Stradiotti, Antonio Celso Pezzato, Priscila Cavalca de Araujo, Mariela Akie Okino Mituo, Luciene Aparecida Madeira et José Roberto Sartori. « Nucleotídeos na dieta de frangos de corte e seus efeitos sobre taxa de turnover da mucosa intestinal antes e após lesões causadas por coccidiose ». Ciência Rural 41, no 9 (septembre 2011) : 1652–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782011000900027.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da dieta suplementada com nucleotídeos sobre taxa de turnover da mucosa intestinal de frangos antes e após lesões causadas por coccidiose por meio de análise isotópica, utilizando a variação do carbono-13 em plantas C3 e C4. Foram utilizados 264 pintos submetidos a dois tratamentos: dieta controle e dieta suplementada com 0,07% nucleotídeos. Os pintos possuíam sinais isotópicos em seus tecidos semelhantes ao de ditas C4. Após o alojamento, para avaliar taxa de turnover da mucosa, as aves receberam dietas predominantemente C3. Com 16 dias de idade, 50% das aves de cada tratamento foram inoculadas com oocistos de Eimeria acervulina e, a partir de 21 dias, para avaliar a taxa de turnover após desafio, as aves passaram a receber dieta predominantemente C4. Amostras de mucosa foram analisadas isotopicamente por espectrometria de massa. Na fase inicial, a suplementação com nucleotídeos propiciou aceleração na troca do carbono na mucosa, com meia-vida de 1,06 e 1,01 dias para dieta controle e com nucleotídeos, respectivamente, acelerando o crescimento intestinal. Na fase de 21 a 42 dias de idade, para os grupos não desafiados com coccidiose, as meias-vidas do carbono foram 1,81 e 1,80 dias para dieta controle e com nucleotídeos, respectivamente, não havendo influência dos tratamentos. Porém, nos grupos desafiados, as meias-vidas foram 1,01 dias no grupo controle e 0,75 dias no que recebeu dieta com nucleotídeos, indicando maior turnover da mucosa nesse último grupo. A adição de nucleotídeos promove aceleração no processo de renovação da mucosa intestinal e na regeneração após danos causados por coccidiose.
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Hilding, Jenny, Eric A. Grulke, Z. George Zhang et Fran Lockwood. « Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Liquids ». Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 24, no 1 (2 janvier 2003) : 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/dis-120017941.

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Albernaz, Danilo Fernandes, et Risely Ferraz-Almeida. « English PERFORMANCE AND EFFICIENCY OF GLASS AND CARBON FIBER BARS FOR SELF-PROPELLED SPRAYERS ». ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 35, no 3 (29 septembre 2020) : 330–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2020v35n3p330-338.

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PERFORMANCE AND EFFICIENCY OF GLASS AND CARBON FIBER BARS FOR SELF-PROPELLED SPRAYERS DANILO FERNANDES ALBERNAZ1, RISELY FERRAZ-ALMEIDA1 1Luiz de Queiros College of Agriculture, Departament of Soil Sciente, University of São Paulo, Avenida Pauda Dias, 11, 13418-900, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, albernazdanilof@hotmail.com; rizely@gmail.com ABSTRACT: Agribusiness has a fundamental role in the Brazilian economy, responsible for stimulating the Gross Domestic Product, creating investment and development opportunities. High yields have been faced in pest-free areas in different crop regions. However, pest control with high efficiency is a challenge for many farmers. In this context, self-propelled sprayers with a high efficiency are necessary to increase the quality and speed of application with a direct decreasing equipment's operational cost. This work aims: (i) present the advantages of using carbon fiber booms in the performance of self-propelled sprayers; (ii) compare weight and fuel consumption of self-propelled sprayers with carbon fiber booms and conventional carbon steel booms. The results showed that the self-propelled sprayers with glass/carbon fiber boom presented better application performances, considered 6% more productive, 1.8% lighter, and 44% more economical in fuel consumption than the conventional carbon steel boom. Based on the results, the self-propelled glass/carbon fiber boom is a better alternative to increase agricultural spraying productivity. Keywords: efficiency of the application, carbon fiber, composite, fuel consumption. DESEMPENHO E EFICIÊNCIA DE BARRAS DE VIDRO E FIBRA DE CARBONO PARA PULVERIZADORES AUTO-PROPELIDO RESUMO: O agronegócio tem papel fundamental na economia brasileira com significante participação no Produto Interno Bruto, criando oportunidades de investimento e desenvolvimento no Brasil. Em todas as culturas, altas produtividades estão associadas a áreas livres de pragas, no entanto, o controle de pragas é um desafio para muitos agricultores. Nesse contexto, a escolha de pulverizadores eficientes para aplicação de pesticidas torna-se uma necessidade para aumentar a qualidade e velocidade da aplicação, e diminuir o custo operacional deste equipamento. Este trabalho tem como objetivos: (i) apresentar as vantagens do uso de barras de fibra de carbono no desempenho de pulverizadores; (ii) comparar o peso e o consumo de combustível de pulverizadores com barras de fibra de carbono, e pulverizadores com barras convencionais de aço carbono. Os resultados mostraram que os pulverizadores com barra de fibra de vidro/carbono apresentaram melhores desempenhos de aplicação, considerado 6% mais produtivo, 1,8% mais leve, e 44% mais econômico em consumo de combustível em comparação com a barra de aço carbono convencional. Portanto, pode-se concluir que para otimizar a pulverização de culturas agrícolas, a barra de fibra de vidro/carbono é uma alternativa mais eficiente para aumentar a produtividade na pulverização agrícola. Palavras-chaves: eficiência de aplicação, fibra de carbono, composto, consumo de combustível.
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Dixon, Kiera A., Malia K. Michelsen et Catherine L. Carpenter. « Modern Diets and the Health of Our Planet : An Investigation into the Environmental Impacts of Food Choices ». Nutrients 15, no 3 (30 janvier 2023) : 692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15030692.

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Popular modern diets are often seen as a panacea for improving health and promoting weight reduction. While there is a large body of literature reporting the health benefits of popular diets, few studies have described their planetary benefits. Our investigation aims to evaluate the simultaneous impacts of six popular diets within the United States on both human and planetary health. Using carbon footprint databases and representative meal plans, the environmental and health-related impacts of the Standard American, Mediterranean, vegan, paleo, keto, and climatarian diets are compared using the currently available literature. Results indicate that diets that exhibit lower carbon footprints also have positive effects on human health. The diets found to have the lowest environmental impacts were the vegan, climatarian, and Mediterranean diets. These low-carbon-footprint diets can likely be attributed to a reduced reliance on ruminant meat (cattle and sheep) and processed food consumption, while diets with high carbon footprints are more dependent on ruminant meat and saturated fat. Moderate consumption of meats such as chicken, pork, and fish in conjunction with an emphasis on locally grown fruits and vegetables can be maintained without adversely affecting the planetary carbon footprint and with the added benefit of promoting good health. Thus, making simple substitutions within each individual’s diet can be advertised as an effective approach to collectively lower the environmental impact in tandem with improving health and longevity.
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Febvay, G., Y. Rahbe, M. Rynkiewicz, J. Guillaud et G. Bonnot. « Fate of dietary sucrose and neosynthesis of amino acids in the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum, reared on different diets ». Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no 19 (1 octobre 1999) : 2639–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.19.2639.

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The fate of sucrose, the major nutrient of an aphid's natural food, was explored by radiolabeling in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. To investigate the influence of nitrogen quality of food on amino acid neosynthesis, pea aphids were reared on two artificial diets differing in their amino acid composition. The first (diet A) had an equilibrated amino acid balance, similar to that derived from analysis of aphid carcass, and the other (diet B) had an unbalanced amino acid composition similar to that of legume phloem sap. Aphids grown on either diet expired the same quantity of sucrose carbon as CO(2), amounting to 25–30 % of the ingested sucrose catabolized in oxidation pathways. On diet A, the aphids excreted through honeydew about twice as much sucrose carbon as on diet B (amounting to 12.6 % of the ingested sucrose for diet A and 8.4 % for diet B), while amounts of sucrose carbons incorporated into exuviae were almost identical (1.9 % of the ingested sucrose on diet A and 2.7 % on diet B). There was also no difference in the amounts of sucrose carbon incorporated into the aphid tissues, which represented close to 50 % of the ingested sucrose. Sucrose carbons in the aphid tissues were mainly incorporated into lipids and the quantities involved were the same in aphids reared on either diet. On diet B, we observed neosynthesis of all protein amino acids from sucrose carbons and, for the first time in an aphid, we directly demonstrated the synthesis of the essential amino acids leucine, valine and phenylalanine. Amino acid neosynthesis from sucrose was significantly higher on diet B (11.5 % of ingested sucrose carbons) than on diet A (5.4 %). On diet A, neosynthesis of most of the amino acids was significantly diminished, and synthesis of two of them (histidine and arginine) was completely suppressed. The origin of amino acids egested through honeydew was determined from the specific activity of the free amino acid pool in the aphid. Aphids are able to adjust to variation in dietary amino acids by independent egestion of each amino acid. While more than 80 % of excreted nitrogen was from food amino acids, different amino acids were excreted in honeydew of aphids reared on the two diets. The conversion yields of dietary sucrose into aphid amino acids determined in this study were combined with those obtained previously by studying the fate of amino acids in pea aphids reared on diet A. The origin of all the amino acid carbons in aphid tissues was thus computed, and the metabolic abilities of aphid are discussed from an adaptive point of view, with respect to their symbiotic status.
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Sun, Xiangcheng. « Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Carbon‐Coated Nanoparticles ». Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 24, no 3-4 (7 janvier 2003) : 557–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/dis-120021812.

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Gupta, Sachin D., et Sunil S. Bhagwat. « Adsorption of Surfactants on Carbon Black‐Water Interface ». Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 26, no 1 (janvier 2005) : 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/dis-200042721.

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Galvão, Franklin, Cátia Regina Augustin, Gustavo Ribas Curcio, Nelson Cosmo, Carina Kozera, Bruno Polli Domanowski et Alison Tadeu Sawczuk. « IMPACTO DE Guadua paraguayana SOBRE REMANESCENTE DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA ALUVIAL – UMA ABORDAGEM BIOGEOQUÍMICA ». FLORESTA 42, no 2 (14 mai 2012) : 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v42i2.19847.

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Guadua paraguayana Döll, um bambu nativo da porção meridional da América do Sul particularmente agressivo, está invadindo áreas de preservação permanente no segundo planalto paranaense, com supressão da vegetação instalada e modificações nos padrões de sucessão local. Após estabelecer sua autoecologia, para melhor avaliar seu impacto sobre um dos últimos remanescentes da Floresta Ombrófila Mista Aluvial (FOMA), principalmente na ciclagem de nutrientes e no fluxo de carbono orgânico para o ambiente, estudou-se a composição química da espécie, a produção e decomposição de serapilheira e a distribuição das raízes. A área em estudo (25º 13’20,8” S e 50º04’26,8” W, Ponta Grossa/PR) é uma planície de inundação degradada às margens do rio Tibagi. Os valores anuais de produção de serapilheira de G. paraguayana foram estimados em 7.500 kg/ha, com meia vida superior a 260 dias para os limbos e 360 dias para as bainhas foliares. No período analisado, as folhas retornaram ao ambiente 164,27 kg/ha de macronutrientes. Com base na concentração de carbono da folha, o fluxo de carbono orgânico da vegetação para o solo foi estimado em 2.800 kg/ha/ano. Em comparação com os valores de FOMA melhor preservada, a presença dominante desse bambu reduz a quantidade de nutrientes e de carbono devolvidos ao meio.Palavras-chave: Bambu; serapilheira; ciclagem de nutrientes. AbstractGuadua paraguayana’s impacts on a remaining of Subtropical Ombrophilous Alluvial Forest – a biogeochemistry approach. Guadua paraguayana Döll, a particularly aggressive native bamboo from the southern portion of South America, is invading permanent preservation areas located in the second plateau of Parana, causing suppression of the current vegetation and modifications in the local succession patterns. After determine its autecology, to better assess its impact on one of the last remaining of Subtropical Ombrophilous Alluvial Forest, mainly on nutrient cycling and organic carbon flux to the environment, it was studied the species’ chemical composition and the production and decomposition of litter, and roots distribution. The focused area (25º13’20.8” S and 50º04’26.8” W, Ponta Grossa-PR, BR) is a degraded floodplain of Tibagi river. The annual litter production values of G. paraguayana were estimated at 7,500kg/ha, with a half-life of more than 260 days for the bladesand 360 days for the sheaths. Within this period, the photosynthetic leaves returned to the environment (bars) 164.27kg/ha of macronutrients. Based on the concentration of carbon in the leaf, the flux of organic carbon from vegetation to soil was estimated at 2,800kg/ha/year. The dominant presence of bamboo in the area decreases the amount of carbon and nutrients returned to the environment, when confronted with Subtropical Ombrophilous Alluvial Forest better preserved. Keywords: Bamboo; litter; nutrient cycling.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Carbon Dits"

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Wang, Yue. « Sensitivité de la méthode dite de mélange des courants pour la détection du déplacement nano-mécanique ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0659/document.

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La détection des déplacements nano-mécaniques par les techniques de transport électronique a atteint un haut niveau de sensibilité et de polyvalence. Afin de détecter l'amplitude d'oscillation d'un oscillateur nano-mécanique, une technique largement utilisée consiste à coupler ce mouvement de façon capacitive à un transistor à un seul électron ou, plus généralement, à un dispositif de transport, et à détecter la modulation haute fréquence du courant à travers le mélange non linéaire avec un signal électrique à une fréquence légèrement désaccordée. Cette méthode, connue sous le nom de technique de mélange des courants, est utilisée notamment pour la détection de nanotubes de carbone suspendus et s'est avérée particulièrement efficace, ce qui a permis d'obtenir des records de sensibilité dans la détection de masse et de force. Dans cette thèse nous étudions théoriquement les conditions qui limitent la sensibilité de cette méthode dans différents types de dispositifs de transport. La sensibilité est un compromis entre le bruit, le bruit de rétroaction et la fonction de réponse. Cette dernière est proportionnel au couplage électromécanique. Pour ces raisons dans la thèse, nous étudions la fonction de réponse, l'effet des fluctuations de courant et de déplacement (back-action) dans les dispositifs de détection suivants: (i) le transistor métallique à électron unique, (ii) le transistor à un seul niveau électronique et (iii) le point quantique cohérent. La sensibilité optimale est obtenue, comme d'habitude, lorsque la rétroaction du dispositif de détection est égale au bruit du signal intrinsèque, ce qui, dans notre cas, est le bruit en courant. Nous avons constaté que les valeurs optimales typiques du couplage sont obtenues dans la limite de couplage fort, où une forte renormalisation de la fréquence de résonance est observée et une bistabilité de l'oscillateur mécanique est présente [comme discuté dans G. Micchi, R. Avriller, F. Pistolesi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 206802 (2015)]. Nous trouvons donc des limites supérieures à la sensibilité de la technique de détection de mélange des courants. Nous considérons également comment la technique du mélange des courants est modifiée dans la limite où le taux de transmission tunnel devient comparable à la fréquence de résonance de l'oscillateur mécanique
Detection of nanomechanical displacement by electronic transport techniques has reached a high level of sensitivity and versatility. In order to detect the amplitude of oscillation of a nanomechanical oscillator, a widely used technique consists of coupling this motion capacitively to a single-electron transistor or, more generally, to a transport device, and to detect the high-frequency modulation of the current through the nonlinear mixing with an electric signal at a slightly detuned frequency. This method, known as mixing-current technique, is employed in particular for the detection of suspended carbon nanotubes and has proven to be particularly successful leading to record sensitivities of mass and force detection. In this thesis we study theoretically the limiting conditions on the sensitivity of this method in different kind of transport devices. The sensitivity is a compromise between the noise, the back-action noise, and the response function. The latter is proportional to the electromechanical coupling. For these reasons in the thesis we study the response function, the effect of current and displacement (back-action) fluctuations for the following detection devices: (i) the metallic single electron transistor, (ii) the single-electronic level single electron transistor, and (iii) the coherent transport quantum dot. The optimal sensitivity is obtained, as usual, when the back-action of the detection device equals the intrinsic signal noise that, in our case, is the current noise. We found that the typical optimal values of the coupling are obtained in the strong coupling limit, where a strong renormalization of the resonating frequency is observed and a bistability of the mechanical oscillator is present [as discussed in G. Micchi, R. Avriller, F. Pistolesi, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 206802 (2015)]. We thus find upper bounds to the sensitivity of the mixing-current detection technique. We also consider how the mixing-current technique is modified in the limit where the tunneling rate becomes comparable to the resonating frequency of the mechanical oscillator
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Lee-Thorp, Julia Anne. « Stable carbon isotopes in deep time : the diets of fossil fauna and hominids ». Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21732.

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Bibliography: pages 126-148.
This thesis describes the development, testing and application of a technique for extending carbon isotopic dietary tracing millions of years in time,. using the mineral phase of calcified tissues (apatite) as alternative sample material to collagen. The results reported here provide empirical evidence for the validity of the technique. Investigation of the isotopic relationships between diet, collagen and apatite, using a large sample of modem fauna with known diets, confirms that the isotopic relationship between collagen and apatite changes with trophic level.
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Makart, Stefan Klaus. « Enzymatic carbon-carbon bond formation integrated with SMB separation / ». Zürich : ETH, 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17115.

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Schädel, Christina. « Cell-wall hemicelluloses as mobile carbon stores in plants / ». Basel : [s.n.], 2009. http://edoc.unibas.ch/diss/DissB_8909.

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GARCIA, NAVA ALFREDO, et SALEM ABDELFATTAH ZEIDAN MOHAMED. « “IMPACT OF Moringa oleifera LEAF MEAL PROTEIN ON BIOMETHANE AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN STEER DIETS” ». Tesis de maestría, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, UAEM, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/67725.

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La particularidad de estos animales se basa en que son capaces de alimentarse de pradera, ensilado y forraje debido a que pueden digerir los componentes de estos forrajes como celulosa y hemicelulosa, condición que los demás animales con un estómago simple no pueden realizar (Relling y Mattioli, 2003). Según (Weimer, 1998), se debe apresurar el trabajo de la microbiota ruminal para la digestión de la fibra. Cualquier alimento y agua que el animal consume es fermentado dando lugar a las células microbianas, ácidos grasos volátiles y gases como dióxido de carbono y metano (McDonald et al., 1995).
El estudio del ecosistema ruminal implica analizar el funcionamiento de una compleja variedad de bacterias anaerobias obligadas, hongos y protozoarios que se rigen a ser seleccionados por la exigencia del rumen
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Lang, Hans Peter. « Scanning tunneling microscopy of layered high temperature superconductors and carbon allotropes ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://edoc.unibas.ch/diss/DissB_3306.

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Busch, Timo. « Strategic management under carbon constraints / ». Zürich : ETH, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18001.

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CUERO, NÚÑEZ TRINIDAD, et MOHAMED MOHAMED YASSEEN ELGHANDOUR MONA. « Moringa oleifera leaf meal as protein feed in goat’s diets : biomethane and carbon dioxide and fermentation kinetics” ». Tesis de maestría, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, UAEM, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/67722.

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Durante la fermentación ruminal de los piensos, se producen grandes cantidades de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) que hace en el ganado uno de los productores de gases de efecto invernadero más importantes. La Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la agricultura y la alimentación (FAO, 2006) informó que el sector ganadero representa aproximadamente el 18% del metano (CH4) y el 9%de las producciones de dióxido de carbono (CO2). Se han hecho muchos intentos para mitigar la emisión de ch4 de rumiantes, incluyendo la inclusión de levaduras (Elghandour et.al., 2017), sal de ácidos orgánicos, enzimas exógenas y aceites esenciales con resultados prometedores.
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Hannstein, Inga Karolin. « Self-organized formation of metal-carbon nanostructures by hyperthermal ion deposition ». Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/diss/2006/hannstein.

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Seabert, Timothy A. « Dietary Markers and Contaminant Exposures Are Correlated to Wild Food Consumption in Two Northern Ontario First Nations Communities ». Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22829.

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First Nations peoples experience many benefits from eating locally-harvested wild foods, but these benefits must be considered along with the potential risks associated with exposure to environmental contaminants. Unlike store-bought foods, wild foods are an important traditional resource and a significant source of dietary protein, essential minerals and polyunsaturated fatty acids, believed to help in the prevention and treatment of obesity and obesity-related diseases such as type-2 diabetes mellitus. Wild foods continue to be an important and healthy food choice for First Nations peoples; however, they are also a primary source of dietary mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other persistent organic pollutants (POPs). To assess the effects of wild food consumption on dietary markers and contaminant accumulation, we grouped individuals from two remote Oji-Cree First Nations communities of north-western Ontario (n=71) according to their level of wild food consumption. In this study, I observed significantly higher organic contaminants in blood and higher mercury concentrations in hair for individuals consuming greater amounts of wild food. Age-adjusted contaminant concentrations were on average 3.5-times higher among high-frequency wild food consumers, with many exceeding federal and international health guidelines for mercury and PCB exposures. Contaminants in these populations approach, and in some cases exceed, threshold levels for adverse effects with potential consequences especially for prenatal development. Here, I also investigated the potential for stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen (δ13C and δ15N) to serve as dietary markers and found strong positive correlations between stable isotopes and frequency of wild food and fish consumption. Frequency of fish consumption and δ15N was also shown to be positively correlated with mercury concentrations in hair and PCB concentrations in plasma. The results of this thesis demonstrate that known differences in dietary behaviour are clearly reflected in stable isotope ratios and contaminant concentrations. The data also show that contaminant exposures to those consuming wild foods in remote Boreal ecosystems is comparable to those associated with serious health effects in industrialized areas, and the problem of contaminants in wild foods is more widespread than the available literature would have led us to believe. These results affect our appreciation of contaminant exposures to First Nations peoples and will have implications for dietary choices, particularly if individuals are encouraged to consume greater amounts of wild foods for their proposed health benefits. We recommend further attention be given to the risks of contaminants in locally-harvested wild foods when promoting the benefits of their consumption to First Nations people as the problem of contaminants in remote communities practicing traditional lifestyles is often underreported and underplayed.
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Livres sur le sujet "Carbon Dits"

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Boveri, Juan Carlos, et seudónimo : Juan Zeballos. Dios se quedó dormido : Ficción humorìstica. Buenos Aires, Argentina : Ediciones Bocars, 2006.

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Stable carbon isotopes and prehistoric diets in the south-western Cape Province, South Africa. Oxford, England : B.A.R., 1986.

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Geagan, Kate. Go green, get lean : Trim your waistline with the ultimate low-carbon footprint diet. Emmaus, Pa : Rodale, 2009.

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Proschwitz, Gunnar von. Beaumarchais et Le courier de l'Europe : Documents ine dits ou peu connus. Oxford : Voltaire Foundation, 1990.

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Proschwitz, Gunnar von. Beaumarchais et Le courier de l'Europe : Documents ine dits ou peu connus. Oxford : Voltaire Foundation, 1990.

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Carvalho, Mário Vieira de. Pensar é morrer, ou, O Teatro de São Carlos : Na mudança de sistemas sociocomunicativos desde fins do séc. XVIII aos nossos dias. [Lisbon] : Impr. Nacional-Casa da Moeda, 1993.

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Gallop, Rick. La dieta del índice glucémico. Málaga : Editorial Sirio, 2005.

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Gallop, Rick. The G.I. (glycemic index) diet : The easy, healthy way to permanent weight loss. New York : Workman Pub., 2002.

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Castrillón González, Sylvia Margarita, et Milton Molano Camargo, dir. Utopía : 10 años inspirando y soñando nuevos caminos. Bogotá. Colombia : Universidad de La Salle. Ediciones Unisalle, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19052/978-958-5136-11-3.

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Hoy, a 10 años del inicio, Utopía ha sido la salvación, la oportunidad y el camino que les ha dado horizontes nuevos a muchos jóvenes de la ruralidad profunda, quienes, de otra manera, habrían estado condenados al tiempo eterno de la pobreza excluyente, de la tentación de la ilegalidad, de la paternidad-maternidad irresponsable, de la perpetuación del resentimiento y del odio que generan la mala educación y la vida sin oportunidad. Utopía es el lugar donde la novedad acontece: ha hecho que muchas personas de buena voluntad se unan en un proceso filantrópico que alimenta la esperanza y despierta la solidaridad. Es la Providencia de Dios que nunca falta cuando existen buenas ideas que transforman, impactan de modo social y político, dan herramientas para salir adelante y sacan la pobreza de la cabeza para poder volar alto y mirar lejos. Qué rentable resulta la educación incluyente y de calidad para sembrar la paz. Hermano Carlos Gómez Restrepo, FSC Visitador provincial del Distrito Lasallista de Bogotá Noviembre del 2016-noviembre del 2020
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Dios se quedó dormido. Ediciones Be, 2010.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Carbon Dits"

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Fan, Shenggen, Jikun Huang, Fusuo Zhang, Wenhua Zhao, Hongyuan Song, Fengying Nie, Yu Sheng, Jinxia Wang, Jieying Bi et Wenfeng Cong. « Transforming Chinese Food Systems for Both Human and Planetary Health ». Dans Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation, 779–98. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_41.

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AbstractOver the past four decades, China’s food security and nutritional status have improved significantly, as witnessed in the elimination of hunger and poverty, increased diversity of diets, and reduction in child stunting. However, Chinese food systems will face even greater challenges in the future. These include constraints of natural resources, climate change, and multiple challenges of malnutrition, food safety, and external shocks from a volatile international market. Fortunately, the Chinese government has made important commitments in the “Fourteenth Five-year Plan” on food and nutrition security, health, the environment and climate change, including achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. The purpose of this chapter is to review major achievements and their enabling factors, future challenges and government strategies, as well as our recommendations for transforming Chinese food systems in regard to both human and planetary health. This chapter will help to bring voices of emerging economies like China in setting the global food system agenda, providing useful insights on the transformation of its own food systems, as well as those in other countries.
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Mörsch, Carmen. « Die Bildung der A_N_D_E_R_E_N durch Kunst ». Dans Postcolonial Studies, 355–76. Bielefeld, Germany : transcript Verlag, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839449868-018.

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Carmen Mörsch fokussiert in diesem Beitrag auf die Entwicklung der Kunstvermittlung in England in London. Dort ist dieses Arbeitsfeld weltweit am stärksten ausdifferenziert, und seine Diskurse und Praktiken setzen bis heute auch in Deutschland Impulse. Dies ist kein Zufall, denn seine Entstehung ist eingebettet in die Zeit der Nationalstaatsbildung und verwoben mit der Entstehung des Empire und damit mit der Formierung einer kolonial und kapitalistischen Gesellschaftsordnung. Anhand kurzer historischer Abrisse zum 18. und 19. Jahrhundert sowie eines Fallbeispiels, der Whitechapel Art Gallery in London und ihrer Vorläuferinstitution, dem Social Settlement Toynbee Hall, soll anschaulich werden, dass es sich bei Kunstvermittlung um ein Arbeitsfeld handelt, in dem sich minorisierte Subjektpositionen - allen zuvorderst und bis heute weiße, bürgerliche Weiblichkeit - professionelle Handlungsräume und Sichtbarkeit erkämpften und dass letztere nicht ohne Verluste - nämlich auf Kosten rassistisch und klassistisch markierter A_n_d_e_r_e_r - zu haben waren.
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Grimes, Vaughan, Benjamin T. Fuller et Eric J. Guiry. « Reconstructing Diets and Origins of Vikings at Hrísbrú, Mosfell Valley, Iceland : The Carbon, Nitrogen, and Strontium Isotope Evidence ». Dans Viking Archaeology in Iceland, 105–16. Turnhout : Brepols Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.cursor-eb.1.102215.

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Saotome, Yasunori, Suguru Okaniwa, Hisamichi Kimura et Akihisa Inoue. « Superplastic Nanoforging of Pt-Based Metallic Glass with Dies of Zr-BMG and Glassy Carbon Fabricated by Focused Ion Beam ». Dans THERMEC 2006, 2088–93. Stafa : Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-428-6.2088.

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Hendriks, Sheryl, Jean-François Soussana, Martin Cole, Andrew Kambugu et David Zilberman. « Ensuring Access to Safe and Nutritious Food for All Through the Transformation of Food Systems ». Dans Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation, 31–58. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_4.

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AbstractAction Track 1 of the Food Systems Summit offers an opportunity to bring together the crucial elements of food safety, nutrition, poverty and inequalities in the framework of food systems within the context of climate and environmental change to ensure that all people have access to a safe and nutritious diet. Achieving Action Track 1’s goal is essential to achieving the goals of the other Action Tracks. With less than a decade left to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), most countries are not on a course to hit either the World Health Organisation’s nutrition targets or the SDG 2 targets. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated malnutrition and highlighted the need for food safety. The pandemic has also exposed the deep inequalities in both food systems and societies as a whole. Nonetheless, future food systems can address many of these failings and ensure safe and nutritious food for all. However, structural change is necessary to address the socio-economic drivers behind malnutrition, inequalities and the climate and environmental impacts of food. Adopting a whole-system approach in policy, research and monitoring and evaluation is crucial for managing trade-off and externalities from farm-level to national scales and across multiple sectors and agencies. Supply chain failures will need to be overcome and technology solutions adopted and adapted to specific contexts. A transformation of food systems requires coordinating changes in supply and demand in differentiated ways across world regions: bridging yield gaps and improving livestock feed conversion, largely through agro-ecological practices, deploying soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation at scale, and reducing food loss and waste, as well as addressing over-nourishment and shifting the diets of wealthy populations. The sustainability of global food systems also requires halting the expansion of agriculture into fragile ecosystems, while restoring degraded forests, fisheries, rangelands, peatlands and wetlands. Shifting to more sustainable consumption and production patterns within planetary boundaries will require efforts to influence food demand and diets, diversify food systems, and develop careful land-use planning and management. Integrative policies need to ensure that food prices reflect real costs (including major externalities caused by climate change, land degradation and biodiversity loss, and the public health impacts of malnutrition), reduce food waste and, at the same time, ensure the affordability of safe and healthy food and decent incomes and wages for farmers and food system workers. The harnessing of science and technology solutions and the sharing of actionable knowledge with all players in the food system offer many opportunities. Greater coordination of food system stakeholders is crucial for greater inclusion, greater transparency and more accountability. Sharing lessons and experiences will foster adaptive learning and responsive actions. Careful consideration of the trade-offs, externalities and costs of not acting is needed to ensure that the changes we make benefit all, and especially the most vulnerable in society.
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VIANA MIRANDA, ITACYARA, THAÍS GABRIELLE DE AGUIAR MENDES PRAZIM et VANESSA COSTA SILVA. « A TERRA É O BERÇO COMUM : CARLOS DIAS FERNANDES E O SEU IDEAL DE NAÇÃO (1913-1914) ». Dans História da Educação. Editora Realize, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46943/viii.conedu.2022.gt03.002.

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O presente artigo busca identificar e analisar a figura do Carlos Dias Fernandes, entre 1913 e 1914, procurando delinear possíveis correlações desse sujeito, apreendido enquanto intelectual, e as dinâmicas do contexto social, cultural e educacional do Estado, tomando como base a instituição do Lyceu Parahybano. Sendo assim, objetivamos a apreensão do Dias Fernandes, partindo de alguns aspectos de sua trajetória e de suas ideias em torno de uma noção de pátria. Dito isto, importa destacar que a tessitura dos caminhos percorridos por figuras consideradas como intelectuais em determinadas épocas, permitem o entendimento das possíveis conjunturas existentes, bem como do desenrolar das ideias ali forjadas, entre meados do fim do Império e o início na República. Constitui importante caminho para apreensão de uma História da Educação – seus sujeitos instrucionais, espaços escolares e ideias -, o corpus documental dos periódicos, sendo essa a principal fonte empregada na pesquisa, a saber: O Norte, O Jornal e A União. Este último, tem grande relevância não só por ser o órgão oficial do governo, no qual o Carlos Dias Fernandes era diretor, mas também por ter sido o local da publicado de sua conferência proferida no Lyceu - Noção de Pátria. No que pese ao suporte teórico-metodológico, destacamos a História Cultural como elemento norteador, sendo o campo da História da Educação e da história dos intelectuais pontos dialógicos do processo construtivo do conhecimento aqui apresentado.
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De Luca, Fabio, Simone Mancini, Claudio Pensa, Riccardo Pigazzini et Vincenzo Sorrentino. « A DIS-Based Air Cavity Concept for Planing Hull ». Dans Progress in Marine Science and Technology. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/pmst220064.

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Reducing fuel consumption and carbon emissions are two of the main concerns of the maritime industry. Among the available energy-saving devices or solutions, one of the most promising is air lubrication, which has been extensively studied in the last decades, especially for drag reduction on displacement hulls. Compared to displacement hulls, planing and semi-planing hulls have different hydrodynamic behaviour since the resistance and running attitudes are significantly influenced by the hydrodynamic component of pressure, which it terms can influence the effectiveness of the air lubrication solution. This study proposes an air lubrication solution for a planing workboat that combines the airflow injection with an air cavity provided by a DIS (Double Interceptor System) implementation. The results of experimental and CFD simulations campaign with natural and forced airflow injection combined with a cavity generated by DIS are presented. The drag resistance improvement and the airflow details have been analyzed by the use of a systematic variation in the airflow rate.
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Lopes, Joana, et Rita Pinheiro. « CARACTERÍSTICAS FISICO-QUÍMICAS, SENSORIAIS E MICROBIOLÓGICAS DE QUEIJO FRESCO DE VACA COM ALGA ULVA RIGIDA ». Dans Tendências e estratégias para a agroindústria do futuro, 264–84. INSTITUTO INTERNACIONAL DESPERTANDO VOCAÇÕES, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31692/978-65-88970-26-3.264-284.

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O queijo fresco é um produto lácteo popular em Portugal. É um produto à base de leite, tendo por todo o mundo, uma grande variedade de sabores, aromas e formas, decorrente dos processos de fabrico, origem do leite e respetivos ingredientes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento e otimização de queijo fresco de vaca com adição de um ingrediente sustentável, uma macroalga da Costa Atlântica Norte de Portugal, Ulva rígida (Alface do Mar), de forma a contribuir para o seu enriquecimento sensorial e nutricional, tornando-o diferente dos convencionais queijos frescos já existentes no mercado. Após o desenvolvimento de uma formulação base de queijo fresco, procedeu-se à produção de queijo fresco com adição de macroalga. Procedeu-se à avaliação do comportamento microbiológico, sensorial, físico-químico (humidade, pH, proteína, hidratos de carbono, gordura, cloretos e açúcares totais), textura e cor ao longo de 15 dias de armazenamento a 4 ºC. Foi também realizado um queijo fresco controlo sem adição de macroalga. Através dos resultados obtidos verificou-se uma diminuição do valor de pH ao longo do tempo de armazenamento. Da mesma forma, também o parâmetro da luminosidade (L*) diminuiu ao longo de 15 dias. Pelo contrário, o teor de humidade aumentou até ao fim do tempo de armazenamento. Pôde-se verificar que a adição de alga ao queijo fresco apenas enriqueceu sensorial e visualmente o queijo, não tendo qualquer influência nas características físico-químicas do produto final (teor de proteína, hidratos de carbono, açúcares totais, gordura total e teor de cloretos), quando comparado com o queijo controlo. A avaliação microbiológica abrangeu diversas análises, como a contagem de Escherichia coli, microrganismos a 30 ºC, Enterobacteriaceae, Estafilococos coagulase positiva, Listeria monocytogenes e pesquisa de Salmonella spp. Através dos resultados obtidos, e de acordo com os valores guia definidos pela Health Protection Agency, concluiu-se que ao décimo quinto dia o produto não se encontrava satisfatório para consumo. O tempo indicado será sempre inferior a 7 dias após a sua produção. Relativamente à análise sensorial realizada com um painel de provadores semi-treinado, este considerou que a formulação desenvolvida apresentou um comportamento semelhante ao longo do tempo de armazenamento, para os atributos escolhidos, sendo o atributo “cheiro” aquele que mostrou maior alteração entre o tempo 0 dias e 15 dias. Com este trabalho foi possível desenvolver um tipo diferente de queijo fresco com alga Ulva Rigida (Alface do Mar) e definir o respetivo rótulo nutricional. Concluiu-se que o queijo fresco, produto nutritivo e utilizado de várias formas pelos consumidores, pode ser enriquecido sensorialmente, não alterando as suas características físico-químicas típicas, oferecendo maior variedade para o consumidor e contribuir para a sustentabilidade alimentar. Palavras-Chave: queijo fresco, alga, análise sensorial, microbiológico, nutricional.
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Bhandwalkar, Madhuri Santosh. « Industrially Important Enzymes Production From Food Waste ». Dans Research Anthology on Food Waste Reduction and Alternative Diets for Food and Nutrition Security, 626–34. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5354-1.ch032.

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To link food demand and reduction in food waste, proactive approaches should be taken. Perishable food is mainly fruits and vegetables, waste from different processing industries like pulses, meat products, oil products, dairy products, and fishery byproducts. Conventional food waste management solution is land filling which is not sustainable as it generates global warming gases like methane and carbon dioxide. To reduce food waste, the process known as “food valorization” has become another solution to landfilling, the concept which is given by European Commission in 2012, meaning food processing waste conversion to value-added products. In this chapter the study focuses on production of industrially important enzymes from food waste which could be one of the reactive solutions. Different enzymes like pectinase, peroxidase, lipase, glucoamylase, and protease can be produced from food waste.
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López-Grande, María José. « Evocaciones a la iconografía de “Horus sobre los cocodrilos” en el evangelio apócrifo de Pseudo-Mateo ». Dans No 4 (2020) : Homenaje a la Profesora Carmen Fernández Ochoa, 151–58. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15366/ane4.ochoa2020.009.

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El evangelio del Pseudo Mateo incluye narraciones asombrosas que permiten reconocer en el Niño Jesús interesantes reminiscencias de una de las manifestaciones iconográficas del más célebre de los infantes divinos del Egipto faraónico: el pequeño dios Horus. La leyenda relatada en los epígrafes XVIII y XIX del texto apócrifo evoca para el Niño Jesús un gran poder sobre las alimañas, competencia atribuida en el antiguo Egipto a diversos dioses infantiles, pero especialmente popular en la figura del pequeño Horus. Revisamos en este artículo la similitud de la iconografía de las estelas o cipos de “Horus sobre los cocodrilos” con la descripción que del niño dios del universo cristiano ofrece el texto apócrifo. Incidimos en algunos pasajes de la mitología egipcia que describen las razones que dotaron al pequeño Horus de su poder sobre las alimañas en favor de los niños. Comentamos, además, brevemente los motivos de la transmisión, a partir del mito de Osiris, del concepto y la imagen de Horus Niño más allá de la cultura faraónica.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Carbon Dits"

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Lindrup, Martin Valdemar Anker, Arjun Rajendran Menon et Aksel Biørn-Hansen. « Carbon Scales : Collective Sense-making of Carbon Emissions from Food Production through Physical Data Representation ». Dans DIS '23 : Designing Interactive Systems Conference. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3563657.3596043.

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Liu, Dongyu, Jun Yang et Zhiliang Wang. « Optimal Operation of DIES Considering Demand Response under Ladder-type Carbon Trading Mechanism ». Dans 2022 First International Conference on Cyber-Energy Systems and Intelligent Energy (ICCSIE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsie55183.2023.10175208.

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Guzij, Klaudia, Michael Froehlich, Florian Fincke, Albrecht Schmidt et Florian Alt. « Designing Trustworthy User Interfaces for the Voluntary Carbon Market : A Randomized Online Experiment ». Dans DIS '22 : Designing Interactive Systems Conference. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3532106.3533462.

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Chen, Wenchao, Wen-Yan Yin, Mingzhuo Cheng et Jing Guo. « Electrothermal simulation of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based phase change memory for 3-DICs ». Dans 2015 IEEE MTT-S International Conference on Numerical Electromagnetic and Multiphysics Modeling and Optimization (NEMO). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nemo.2015.7415065.

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Seong, B. G., J. H. Kim, J. H. Ahn et K. H. Baik. « A Case Study of Arc-Spray Tooling Process for Production of Sheet Metal Forming Dies ». Dans ITSC2009, sous la direction de B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima et G. Montavon. ASM International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2009p0562.

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Abstract Arc spraying metal onto a master pattern is an emerging method for making molds and dies. The process, called arc spray metal tooling, involves several steps, which are shown in this paper. Three sheet metal forming dies of varying complexity were made to demonstrate and assess the process. Press tests were performed at a mold and die making facility. Arc-sprayed metal shells produced from carbon steel wire were found to have a tensile strength of approximately 23 kg/mm2, a Vickers hardness of 330 HV, and a dimensional accuracy of about ± 0.1 mm.
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Sugiyama, Takeshi, Alison J. Hobro, Takayuki Umakoshi, Prabhat Verma et Nicholas I. Smith. « Raman spectroscopy of macrophage uptake and cellular response during exposure to dietary lipids ». Dans JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2019.18p_e208_8.

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The increase in patients suffering from ‘lifestyle diseases such as coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes and gout has been associated with the amount and nature of fats in our diets. In many of these diseases, macrophages and their role in lipid metabolism greatly impacts the development and severity of the disease. Fatty acids, which are a sub-class of lipids, have many different types depending on the number of carbon atoms and the presence of carbon double bonds (i.e. saturated and unsaturated fatty acids). The chemical properties of each fatty acid depend on the number of carbon atoms and degree of saturation. Therefore, it is important to investigate how macrophages metabolize these different types of fatty acids. In this research, we focus on the distribution and the uptake of four fatty acids: palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, shown in Table 1.
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Kumar, Sanjeev. « Simultaneous Improvement of Micro-Hardness and Surface Finish in Die Steels by Powder-Mixed EDM Process ». Dans ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37890.

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Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is widely used by the die and tool making industry for the accurate machining of complex internal profiles in various types of dies. Due to the absence of physical contact between the tool and the workpiece, the hardness of the workpiece is not a consideration in this process and die steels can be machined after hardening. Although EDM is a machining process, it has also been successfully used for improving the surface properties of dies and press tools. The intrinsic nature or the process causes some dissolution of the electrode and these particles may alloy with the machined surface under appropriate machining conditions. Breakdown of the hydrocarbon dielectric under intense heat of the spark contributes carbon to the plasma channel. Another method to produce similar alloying effect is the addition of powders of the desirable elements in the dielectric medium. If such powders are conductive in nature, they affect the energy distribution and sparking efficiency and consequently, the surface finish and micro-hardness. This paper presents the results of an experimental study into electrical discharge machining of H13 hot die steel with graphite powder mixed in the dielectric medium. Copper electrode and kerosene dielectric were used for the experiments and three operating parameters, namely peak current, pulse on-time and pulse off-time were varied. Results show increase in micro-hardness by 42% and improvement in surface finish by 68%. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis show smooth surface devoid of any craters and significant presence of carbon in the machined surface which is expected to provide self-lubricating properties to the die surface. Chemical composition of the machined surface checked with an optical emission spectrometer shows increase in percentage of carbon from 0.44% to 3.23%. All three operating parameters emerge as significant and the favorable machining conditions for surface alloying are found to be low value of peak current, shorter pulse on-time, longer pulse off-time and negative polarity of the tool electrode.
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Kawai, Kotaro, Yuki Hirata, Hiroki Akasaka et Naoto Ohtake. « Precision Coating of ta-C Films on Quartz Surfaces ». Dans JSME 2020 Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing/Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/lemp2020-8589.

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Abstract Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have excellent properties such as high hardness, low friction coefficient, high wear resistance, chemical inertness and so on. Because DLC film is considered as an effective coating material to improve their surface properties, this films are used in various applications such as parts for automobiles engines, hard disk surfaces, cutting tools and dies, and so on. DLC films consist of a mixture of sp2 bonded carbon atoms and sp3 bonded carbon atoms. Among them, ta-C film is known as the hardest and strongest film since it mainly consists of sp3 bonded carbon atoms. One of deposition methods to form ta-C is Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc (FCVA). The characteristic of this method is that it is possible to remove the droplets and form a high-quality film.. However, even though lots of mechanical components which require ta-C coating have three-dimensionally shapes, it is difficult to coat ta-C film three dimensionally by using FCVA process. At present, researches on 3D deposition of amorphous carbon films on three dimensional components is still insufficient, and investigation reports on the deposition mechanism and characterization of the deposited films are even more limited. In this study, we tried to deposit films on 3D components by the FCVA method and evaluated the microstructure and surface morphologies of films. Although films were coated successfully in the entire surfaces, different properties were showed depending on the location of components. These properties were investigated by Raman spectroscopy and laser microscope.
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Sebastian, Ron, Benjamin Kelkel, Martin Gurka, Tobias Traub et Johannes L’huillier. « Laser Induced Lamb Wave Generation for Structural Health Monitoring of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers ». Dans ASME 2015 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2015-8815.

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In this paper we present an innovative concept for the excitation of guided acoustic waves (lamb waves) in carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). The idea is to add this external signal generation to a passive structural health monitoring system (SHM), using the now active system for nondestructive testing (NDT). The whole system consists of piezoelectric sensors, embedded in the polymer matrix of the monitored component, the external laser in combination with a scanning device for spatial resolved generation of acoustic waves and a signal processing unit for data analysis. Using laser excitation for lamb wave generation helps to overcome several dis-advantages compared to the use of piezoelectric transducers only: The flexibility in repositioning of the excitation area allows for easy compensation of the strong signal attenuation of CFRP with a minimum number of piezoelectric transducers. The variation of laser wavelength in the range of 1024 to 3500 nm in combination with variation in intensity allows for a selective coupling of the acoustic waves either into the matrix or in the C fibers. Using piezoelectric transducers for detection only, omits the need for a large number of high-voltage amplifiers for signal generation. In this contribution we present first results of a systematic investigation of the effective generation of lamb waves in CFRP. In addition to the variation of the wavelength of the laser, the intensity was varied too. A potentially damaging influence of the laser radiation on the CFRP material was investigated.
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Muneratto, Bruno Gustavo. « Transformação no conceito de espaço : o móbile de Alexander Calder, a arquitetura nova nacional, a crítica de Mário Pedrosa em seus interdiálogos ». Dans Encontro da História da Arte. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/eha.4.2008.3960.

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Toda arte tem sua implicação epstemológica. A fonte dessa são as maneiras com que essa arte dialoga com as principais concepções de vida e história em seu tempo. Uma vez dita essa verdade, essa presente pesquisa pretende uma reflexão entre o móbile de Alexander Calder, os novos prédios brasileiros da Arquitetura Nova, com os nomes Oscar Niemeyer, Lúcio Costa, Carlos Leão, entre outros. Agrupando ambas problemáticas pelas literatura crítica de Mário Pedrosa sobre Calder e Arquitetura Nova brasileira.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Carbon Dits"

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Dumas, Patrice, Stefan Wirsenius, Tim Searchinger, Nadine Andrieu et Adrien Vogt-Schilb. Options to achieve net-zero emissions from agriculture and land use changes in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, août 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004427.

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Eleven countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have pledged to reach net-zero emissions by around 2050. Changes in the food system are key to reach these carbon neutrality goals, as agriculture and resulting land-use changes are responsible for almost half of greenhouse gas emissions in the region. We quantify the effect of supply-side (e.g., yield improvements, silvopasture, agroforestry) and demand-side (e.g., reduction of waste and losses, changing diets) options to reduce emissions and transform the land use system in a net carbon sink by 2050 while improving nutrition for the growing population. We consider both direct agriculture emissions and the pressure that food production puts on land use changes, and track separately emissions that happen in the region and emissions linked to trade. Our findings confirm that cattle plays a preponderant role, emitting nearly 60% of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and land-use change. Reaching a net-negative emissions food system able to balance emissions from the rest of the economy will require ambitious and sustained improvements in yields and changes in diets to moderate the increasing demand for beef, continuously decrease the share of land dedicated to agriculture, and increase instead land dedicated to carbon sequestration and biodiversity preservation.
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Simelton, Elisabeth, Rachmat Mulia, Clement Rigal, Tuan Minh Duong, Phuong Mai Nguyen, Hanna North et Xuan Hieu Le. Beyond carbon sequestration – local knowledge about tree functions. Case study from male and female Arabica coffee farmers in Vietnam. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21025.pdf.

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Estimates of carbon sequestration for timber trees is well documented, while fruit trees are understudied. The few existing estimates indicate that fruit trees and fertiliser management on them, can substantially sequester carbon in coffee monocultures, albeit unlikely to the same extent as timber trees. A carbon investor may thus favour timber. In this light, as programs for planting billions and trillion trees are launched “to save the climate”, a wide range of gender, social, justice and environmental concerns are voiced. To challenge the mitigation perspective, we contrasted two hypothetical tree planting strategies: a mitigation (carbon finance) perspective and a livelihoods-centred (local) perspective and explored what a rapid, gender and social inclusion-oriented livelihoods perspective could bring to the process of tree selection. The survey documents indigenous knowledge of trees’ potential (dis)benefits in coffee agroforestry systems among 106 female and male arabica-growers in northwest Vietnam. The results display many similarities between women and men in term of perceived benefits from trees. Women and men prioritized trees based on their economic benefits, impacts on coffee production and improved soil fertility. However, in determining the preferred species, women considered more factors, including consequences for pest and disease (on host tree or coffee), microclimate regulation and shade provision. These findings resemble those by others from the same region and demonstrate that consulting both women and men can result in a more diverse shortlist of potential trees for agroforestry/afforestation that reflect both genders’ economic and labour contributions to the household. Furthermore, tree planting projects would benefit from seeking collaboration for bundled ecosystem services, rather than merely from carbon finance. Conversely, carbon investors can rely on farmers’ preferences and rest assured that they also contribute to sequestering carbon.
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van Harn, J., A. Rezaei Far, M. M. van Krimpen, J. Phuc et C. Veiga. Low crude protein diets supplemented with free amino acids in laying hens : effects on performance, egg quality, N-efficiency, N-excretion, economics and diet carbon footprint. Wageningen : Wageningen Livestock Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/557184.

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Youth camp counselor dies of carbon monoxide poisoning. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, mars 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface00wi080.

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Swine confinement worker dies from carbon monoxide poisoning. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, juillet 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface02ia061.

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Laborer dies of carbon monoxide poisoning during sandblasting operations in Virginia, August 31, 1991. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, février 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshface9131.

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Laborer dies of carbon monoxide poisoning when he operates a gasoline-powered concrete saw indoors. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, août 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface17ca001.

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A boat maintenance crew supervisor dies of carbon monoxide poisoning while using a gasoline-powered pressure washer. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, août 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface18wa052044.

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Welder dies during welding repair inside of cargo tank compartment. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, avril 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface06mi188.

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Owner of an auto dealership dies of carbon monoxide poisoning while doing car repairs in an unventilated garage. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, novembre 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshsface93wi181.

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