Thèses sur le sujet « Cancer du sein – États-Unis »
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Baume, Véronique Camus. « Méthodes de diagnostic précoce et de prévention du cancer du sein : leur organisation aux Etats-Unis, en France et dans les pays de la C.E.E ». Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON11237.
Texte intégralFranco, Noreli. « Rôle de l'instabilité génomique dans la tumorigenèse mammaire et la réponse à la chimiothérapie du cancer du sein ». Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOS002.
Texte intégralDa, Câmara Ribeiro-Dantas Marcel. « Learning interpretable causal networks from very large datasets, application to 400,000 medical records of breast cancer patients ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS162.
Texte intégralUncovering cause-effect relationships in non-experimental settings has shown to be a very complex endeavor, given the numerous limitations and biases found in observational data. Recent progress in causal discovery methodologies, and in the causal inference literature in general, has contributed to the development of techniques that learn the underlying causal structure of the events recorded through observational data, allowing us to perform causal discovery and inference in observational data. The approach improved and used in the studies that this thesis describes is based on novel information-theoretic methods to analyze information-rich clinical data from ~400,000 curated clinical records as well as medical consultation reports of breast cancer patients diagnosed in the US between 2010 and 2016 as part of the SEER program. While numerous methods have been developed to identify correlations in heterogeneous clinical records, a central challenge remains: to uncover unsuspected cause-effect relationship. It is now considered a priority to guide clinical understanding and treatments by novel and innovative data analysis and computational methods. Apart from skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the United States, and the second leading cause of cancer death among women. Yet, there are few efforts to analyze the large amount of observational data related to this disease from a causal perspective. By analyzing the aforementioned dataset, it was possible to infer a network that presents many putative and genuine causal relationships, supporting previous discoveries in the literature but also shedding light for new discussions
Clauzure, Emilie. « Political correctness : l'affrontement idéologique au sein des universités américaines : 1984-1994 ». Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR21014.
Texte intégralEl, Helou Myriam. « Exploration de l’impact de l’exposition chronique et faibles doses de facteurs environnementaux sur les cellules pré-cancéreuses mammaires MCF10AT1 ». Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1173/document.
Texte intégralEnvironmental factors such as Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, and Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a genotoxic agent, represent a real issue among the environmental risk factors for breast cancer. Our objectives are to investigate the impact of chronic and low doses exposure to BPA (10-10 M) and/or B[a]P on the aggressiveness of the mammary pre-cancerous cell line MCF10AT1 (immortal, transformed, ER-, PR-, HER2-). The main aims are: (i) explore whether an exposure to the combination of two molecules with two distinct mechanisms of action has a greater impact than the molecules tested alone; (ii) identify and prevent the associated molecular and cellular mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that chronic exposure of MCF10AT1 to low doses of BPA and/or B[a]P induces an aggressive cell phenotype in a time-dependent manner, with a greater effect for (BPA + B[a]P) combination compared to single molecules. The observed phenotype is an acquired phenotype, as it still persists 30 days post-exposure. We also determined the presence and functionality of two receptors in the MCF10AT1 cells: the Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) binding B[a]P and the G binding protein receptor (GPER1 / GPR30) binding BPA. Mechanistically, these two receptors are involved in the BPA and/or B[a]P-induced aggressive phenotype, and our study reveals a new functional cross-talk/interplay between these two receptors. In vitro, the inhibition of AhR and GPR30 (chemical inhibitors or siRNA) can block the deleterious effects of chronic exposure to BPA and/or B[a]P. Finally, a retrospective analysis of primary ER-negatif subclass breast tumors demonstrates that the GPR30/AhR gene expression signature has a poor prognosis value, whereas GPR30 or AhR mRNA levels were poorly informative. All these results underline the particular role played by the concomitant presence of AhR and GPR30 in mammary precancerous/cancerous cells. In conclusion, our results allow us to identify potential targets for the development of new preventive strategies capable of blocking mammary carcinogenesis due to chronic exposure to BPA and/or B[a]P, and to consider new biomarkers for environmental exposure
Castillo, Vaquera Jorge Galileo. « Administrer et judiciariser la gestion des conflits électoraux au sein des institutions électorales : Etats-Unis 2000-Mexique 2006 ». Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030070.
Texte intégralThe intervention of the judiciary power to solve a ballot in last resort, arise several problems concerning the progress of the representative democracy, and even a paradox: the principle of the democratic representation by an indirect vote of the citizens can be put forward by the judiciary interpretation on the meaning of the ballot's votes. At the same time, the intervention of the judiciary as an independent power constitutes a guarantee of impartiality for the political resolutions, seeking to reinforce the trust of the main social and political protagonists about the electoral administration. We are also faced with the problem of the political rationality versus the legal rationality, constantly put forward during electoral conflict contemporary processes as essential protagonists but nearly antagonistic ones, by the fact that they pursue close but distinct interests
LACHAPELLE, PHILIPPE. « La notion de gains d'efficacite au sein du controle des concentrations. Evolution comparee des droits americain et europeen. Assouplissement aux etats-unies et renforcement dans l'union europeenne ? » Lyon 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO33024.
Texte intégralBayeh, Antonio. « Trois essais en compétition bancaire et en titrisation des crédits au sein des banques commerciales ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAG003.
Texte intégralThis PhD dissertation represents a first empirical assessment of the implications of the interaction between banking competition and securitization on efficiency, risk, and capital structure of US commercial banks United States. Precisely, the main objective of this PhD dissertation is to answer the following questions: 1) What is the impact of competition and securitization, separately and jointly, on bank efficiency? 2) Does securitization reduce bank risk under competitive pressure? 3) What are the implications of the interaction between competition and securitization on bank capital structure? The development of these questions is motivated by the rapid growth of securitization, the evolution of bank competition through various US bank regulations, the ongoing debate between proponents and criticizers of competition and securitization; and the novelty of these topics among academics and practitioners. After implementing a propensity score matching technique, the first chapter suggests that securitization significantly increases bank efficiency as measured by the Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA). This positive impact appears to be more pronounced in competitive banking markets. In the second chapter, we use fixed-effects model through which securitization is found to have a negative impact on bank risk, particularly and surprisingly during the recent financial crisis, but only if banks highly securitize loans in competitive markets. The third chapter argues that banking competition could be considered a channel that explains how securitization significantly influences US commercial banks’ capital structure. Specifically, deeper investigations, introduced by the quantile regression, show that less-capitalized banks that highly securitize loans in competitive markets are more likely to increase their overall capital ratios, whereas a decrease in these ratios is reported for highly-capitalized banks. Providing several empirical and operational contributions as well as important managerial implications and policy recommendations, this PhD dissertation emphasizes the importance of considering a careful banking regulation on securitization that takes into account the heterogeneous responses of bank capitalization, the different reactions of various securitized loans, and the overall significant effect of US banking market structure
Makki, Sami. « Les métamorphoses de la puissance américaine à l'aube du XXIe siècle : les transformations du système stratégique d'intervention américain et leurs diffusions au sein des systèmes britannique et allié à travers les nouveaux rapports Etats-forces armées-acteurs privés ». Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0139.
Texte intégralThis doctoral dissertation of the thoroughgoing change effected in the US defense Industry and in the US military shows that the Pentagon's traditional partners are taking a back seat behind private service providers. These firms, which provide military services and the "information technology" necessary for modem warfare, now play a key role in the American national security system. Among the factors accounting for this unprecedented sharing of government prerogative with private firms are the redefinition of the government’s role, the technological revolution and the strategic environment related to the Global war on terrorism. This role-sharing brings new forces into play. The Department of Defense is outsourcing without restrictions whence the risks of a crisis in the military establishment. The mixed systems coming out of this change are a driving force in altering civilian and military capabilities to intervene in the world. The diffusion of military technology, ideas and doctrine is reinforcing the influence of the US military culture in Europe
Nguyen, Xuan Chi Huong. « L'insertion des industries manufacturières nationales de sport au sein de l'économie mondiale : une comparaison entre le Canada, les États-Unis, l'Allemagne, le Japon, le Mexique, la Corée et Taiwan ». Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9907.
Texte intégralDecaens, Simon. « Une histoire de la théorie des treillis au sein de l'American Mathematical Society entre 1933 et 1948 ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC308.
Texte intégralIntroduced in 1933 by Garrett Birkhoff, Lattice Theory seems to settle, in about fifteen years, as an autonomous domain of mathematics, whose rise takes place in a context of circulation of modern algebra in the United-States. The current work questions the appearance and development of a theory of lattices, its links to modern algebra and the role of the American Mathematical Society (AMS) in this process. After problematizing the historiographical category of a theory, we will consider the theory of lattices through three different biases. First, we will approach it through the article of G. Birkhoff and Øystein Ore, often considered as founders for the theory. Here, the theory is an object explicitly identified by the actors to designate and link their works together. However, as an analytical category, it hides their diversity by joining them into a same non-problematized denomination. Secondly, the theory will be considered at a larger scale, from the publications of members of the AMS interested in lattices. From here, it appears as a set of practices shared by a collective of mathematicians. Finally, in a last chapter we will approach the promotion of Lattice Theory within the AMS. I will try to show that it benefits from both the status of an « american abstract algebra » and the positions of its promoters within the society
Djennane, Haouchene Karima. « Dynamiques d’empowerment des musulmanes dans l’espace public étatsunien depuis les années 1970 : généalogie et sociologie d’un militantisme féminin au sein de l’islam ». Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL171.
Texte intégralIn American religious history, the feminization of Protestant denominations has been a long and gradual process. This feminization has been characterized by the increasing participation of women within religious institutions, not only as worshippers but also as religious leaders. Although Islam is considered to be a newly transplanted minority religion in the United-States, there are indicators revealing that, like many other transplanted religions in the United States, such as Reform Judaïsm and Buddhism, Muslim religious institutions are undergoing a process of feminization. These indicators have included the development of an Islamic feminist theology since the 1970s onwards, commonly called "Islamic feminism", and the emergence of a religious grass-root activism, more significantly since the 9/11 attacks. American Muslim women activists claim visibility in the public sphere and within the US Islamic religious landscape. What are their demands, challenges and strategies ? What are the internal and external factors that have led up to the growing visibility of women and women's issues in American Islam ? How specifically has the increased role of women affected American-Islamic institutions, beliefs or practices ? Those are some of the questions we raise in our thesisThe results are based on a fieldwork (semi-directive interviews and participant observation). We also use the data of a report on the inclusion of women within the American mosque published in 2013. The transformations linked to the increasing women’s participation in the mosque are emphasized
Chabbi, Mourad. « Surpuissance et sous-complexe régional : application pour une étude sécuritaire de l'Iran au sein du Golfe depuis 1989 ». Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30062.
Texte intégralThis thesis deals with the evolution of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s behavior in its region, this behavior being considered as the main international problem of the last decade. This research will focus on the Gulf Region and more precisely on the interaction existing between Iran and its immediate environment. The idea behind this work is that Iran’s political and safety evolution has been influenced by the issues arising from the intrusion of a global player. More precisely, this work intends to highlight a strong correlation between, on the one hand, theories coming from the analysis of safety aspects and, on the other hand, the evolution of Iran’s positioning within the new structure of the international system
Mahéo, Olivier. « « Divided we stand » ˸ tensions et clivages au sein des mouvements de libération noire, du New Deal au Black Power ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://books.openedition.org/pur/194642.
Texte intégralIn this dissertation I hope to contribute to the criticism of the dominant narrative that has long been at the center of the historiography of the black liberation movement. Different consensus-building mechanisms, both external and internal to the movement, masked its tensions and tended to delineate it exclusively around race. This narrative artificially unified the black mi-nority by mostly obliterating the movement’s class divisions as well as the gender, generation-al, and spatial tensions, that existed prior to the 1960s, and by limiting its objectives to the demand for legal rights. Furthermore, McCarthyism and the triumph of the liberal consensus marginalized the black left and relegated women to the background while politically radical currents and the demands of women were also erased from the historical narrative. This nar-row vision of the black liberation movement was integrated into the US national narrative at the expense of the discordant voices of radicalization and Black Nationalism of the post-1966 era. This work adopts the perspective of a long civil rights movement by focusing on the con-tinuities that linked various generations, from the 1930s to the 1970s, thus going beyond the traditional and the spatial divides, which oppose an essentialized regional divide between North and South in the dominant narrative to focus instead on the diversity of local movements The sources used focus on autobiographies and on photography, making it possible to account for the differences in point of view between local activists and their national leaders, from the years of the New Deal to the Black Power era. Militant autobiographies constitute counter-narratives that challenge the master narrative and reveal political tensions and minority projects, including those of the black left; they also point to gendered, generational and spatial divides as well as to economic and feminist demands, and they show the international dimen-sion of the black liberation movement. Mainstream photography participated in the erasure of the tensions in the movement through the iconization of famous figures. Still, in spite of McCarthyism, the themes and ideas of the black left are visible through their own images. With such sources, this doctoral dissertation attempts to give voice to the anonymous leaders of the movement, to those whose ideas have been masked or distorted and whose testimony testifies to the complexity of a struggle where class, gender and race both concur and compete
Boisseuil, Clément. « Mettre en œuvre la mixité : rénovation et renouvellement urbains au sein des métropoles de Paris et de Chicago ». Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0052.
Texte intégralThe first objective of this dissertation is to understand the contrasted results of public programs aiming at the urban, social and economic transformation of low-income neighborhoods in the metropolitan areas of Paris and Chicago. Since the 1990s, large-scale programs have been implemented in those areas. They follow the goal of poverty deconcentration and try to tackle the multiple forms of urban segregation. If those initiatives have led to significant urban results, they have not engendered the expected social and economic outcomes. The analysis of implementation contributes to explain this phenomenon. This dissertation is structured around three main lines: institutions, practices and representations, learning effects. It builds upon a multi-scalar international comparison of four case studies conducted in two specific metropolises. First, we focus on the institutional heritage and the governance of urban renewal projects targeting diversity. Then, we analyze the multiple processes that relate to their implementation, emphasizing the significance of both contextual factors and the different interpretive frames within public policies. Finally, we study the learning processes recently at stake. We show that policy adaptation is only possible under certain conditions. In conclusion, distinct modes of implementation are theorized based on our empirical results and in accordance with the third generation of implementation research. Their theoretical analysis shows that ambiguities of policy design are leading toward proportional tensions, even conflicts, in the implementation phase
Mahéo, Olivier. « « Divided we stand » ˸ tensions et clivages au sein des mouvements de libération noire, du New Deal au Black Power ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA113.
Texte intégralIn this dissertation I hope to contribute to the criticism of the dominant narrative that has long been at the center of the historiography of the black liberation movement. Different consensus-building mechanisms, both external and internal to the movement, masked its tensions and tended to delineate it exclusively around race. This narrative artificially unified the black mi-nority by mostly obliterating the movement’s class divisions as well as the gender, generation-al, and spatial tensions, that existed prior to the 1960s, and by limiting its objectives to the demand for legal rights. Furthermore, McCarthyism and the triumph of the liberal consensus marginalized the black left and relegated women to the background while politically radical currents and the demands of women were also erased from the historical narrative. This nar-row vision of the black liberation movement was integrated into the US national narrative at the expense of the discordant voices of radicalization and Black Nationalism of the post-1966 era. This work adopts the perspective of a long civil rights movement by focusing on the con-tinuities that linked various generations, from the 1930s to the 1970s, thus going beyond the traditional and the spatial divides, which oppose an essentialized regional divide between North and South in the dominant narrative to focus instead on the diversity of local movements The sources used focus on autobiographies and on photography, making it possible to account for the differences in point of view between local activists and their national leaders, from the years of the New Deal to the Black Power era. Militant autobiographies constitute counter-narratives that challenge the master narrative and reveal political tensions and minority projects, including those of the black left; they also point to gendered, generational and spatial divides as well as to economic and feminist demands, and they show the international dimen-sion of the black liberation movement. Mainstream photography participated in the erasure of the tensions in the movement through the iconization of famous figures. Still, in spite of McCarthyism, the themes and ideas of the black left are visible through their own images. With such sources, this doctoral dissertation attempts to give voice to the anonymous leaders of the movement, to those whose ideas have been masked or distorted and whose testimony testifies to the complexity of a struggle where class, gender and race both concur and compete
Pascail, Hugo. « « Smart Beta » de troisième génération : Exposition indirecte pour biais d’investissement domestique. « Nouvelles perspectives sur la théorie de la diversification de portefeuille et sur le biais d’investissement domestique à la lumière de l’émergence des nouvelles technologies au sein des marchés financiers. » ». Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR0012.
Texte intégralThis five-chapter thesis provides new perspectives on diversification theory and the home-bias puzzle, which exists as an investment approach notably for European, American and Japanese investors. Indeed, information and communications technology (ICT) development has led to the emergence of new type of financial market product. Exchange-traded funds (ETF) allow investors to reach indirect exposure in their own currency (e.g. euro, U.S. dollars (USD) and yen) and invest in any sectors or asset classes. The ICT revolution has led to the emergence of new forms of algorithmic rules-based frameworks as investment approaches. One notable approach is called ‘smart beta’. In light of these, my thesis offers new insight about the home-bias puzzle and raises new questions about international investment approaches and global-asset allocations. Chapter I provides an overview of my thesis. My second chapter shows that a European investor who would like to attain ‘worldwide alternative investment exposure’ using a long-only optimised composition of euro liquid products can do it. Four out of the five most well-known worldwide alternative investment strategies are achievable through an optimised composition of ETFs denominated by euro. My third chapter shows that an American investor who would like to reach intermediate-term momentum exposure denominated by the South Korea won, Philippine peso, Indonesian rupiah, India rupiah, Australian dollars or New Zealand dollars can achieve the exact same risk/return characteristics using an optimised composition of USD ETFs. This implies that it is possible to reach an Asia–Pacific momentum factor without any exchange risk for an American investor. Finally, my fourth chapter analyses the possibility for a Japanese investor to reach ‘international commodities investment exposure’ with the same risk/return characteristics as a liquid yen product. From a scientific perspective, I first extend previous work about ETF indirect exposure and show the usefulness of ETFs in the global-asset allocation context. Second, I show that U.S., European and Japanese investors who invest only in domestically traded products do not have to lose the benefits of international diversification. Third, my thesis opens the door to third-generation smart-beta literature, explaining how to avoid exchange-rate risks and overcome the home-bias puzzle. This new ‘access factor’ approach allows investors to reach exposure in some international active investment strategies using their own currencies, allowing them to overcome the main cognitive and behavioural drivers of home-bias investing. The fifth chapter offers a final global discussion and a conclusion. Each chapter contributes to the scientific support of several specific topics. From a methodological perspective, different investment-strategy models (i.e. data-driven, optimisation and heuristic) are combined to reach the desired smart-beta exposure. Finally, my thesis asks new questions, such as ‘does ICT development and the new products coming with it on the financial markets (e.g. ETF, smart beta) tend to decrease the value added from classical diversification, and does it tend to increase financial integration?’ and ‘Do these new products create new investment approaches using an easy method to access complex investment strategies?’ ‘Do these new products overcome some of the behavioural finance paradigms?’
Guay, Fanny. « Le Canada et les États-Unis au sein de l'OTAN depuis la fin de la guerre froide ». Mémoire, 2006. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2974/1/M9332.pdf.
Texte intégralBernard, Alex. « L'identité occidentale et la représentation de la Chine au sein de la littérature sur les relations étrangères chinoises ». Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3082/1/M11414.pdf.
Texte intégralHuguenin-Vuillemin, Louis-Xavier. « Le contrôle des pratiques anticoncurrentielles au sein des marchés de l'Union Européenne, des États-Unis et du Canada : perspectives d'un droit antitrust international ». Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2460.
Texte intégralThe purpose of this memoir is to observe how the antitrust authorities of the European Union, the United States of America and the Canada are controlling and enforcing cartels, monopolizations or attempts of monopolizations and mergers and acquisitions which have sometimes the effect of restricting the competition in a specifie market. In order to do so, the differences and similarities between this three different antitrust legislation will be highlight especially those concerning the definition of the relevant market, the qualification and the nature of aIl this practices and the process by which, each authority permit, amend or fordid the supposed infringement. In a second time this memoir will have to demonstrate the basis of the extraterritorial application of their nationallegislation by national antitrust authorities, on foreign market or foreign company. Finally the last goal of this memoir is to take stock on evolution of an international antitrust legislation inspired by a treaty or a multilateral guide, which be bounding for each actor of the economic process.
"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtrise en droit des affaires"