Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Bye Plot »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Bye Plot"
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Nicholls, Mark. « Treason's Reward : the punishment of conspirators in the Bye plot of 1603 ». Historical Journal 38, no 4 (décembre 1995) : 821–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00020471.
Texte intégralRésumé :
ABSTRACTThe so-called Bye plot of 1603 is one of the best documented in that procession of treasons which confronted late-Elizabethan and early-Jacobean governments. For more than a century, it has also been almost entirely neglected by historians. Through an examination of the cases made against seven suspects – William Clark, George Brooke, Sir Griffin Markham, Anthony Copley, Bartholomew Brookesby, Sir Edward Parham, and John Scudamore – the methods by which the state acquired and deployed evidence in advancing the prosecution are here detailed and analysed. Comparison of each man's fate also reveals how, although the crime of high treason carried but one penalty, the punishments handed down, ranging as they did from execution to discharge before trial, reflected both the prisoners' own conduct and the current political imperatives in a year of dynastic change.
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Vladimirov, Oleg N. « Plot-Forming Motives in the Books of K. Sergienko ». Studies in Theory of Literary Plot and Narratology 16, no 2 (2021) : 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2410-7883-2021-2-103-115.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The stories of K. Sergienko’s books make up the wanderings of heroes, as a rule, storytellers and participants in the events of personal and national history. In stories for teenagers, the ad-ventures of the heroes have the character of their initiation: “Kees Admiral Tulipovˮ (“Кеес Адмирал Тюльпановˮ), “Take us away, Pegasus!ˮ (“Увези нас, Пегас!ˮ), “Notebook bound in moroccoˮ (“Тетрадь в сафьяновом перплётеˮ). Or they correspond to the genetically related story about the prodigal son (“House on the Hillˮ – “Дом на гореˮ). In both cases, the characters' freedom of movement is largely motivated by their orphanhood. Most often, the main characters, young and old, travel incognito. This motive is introduced in the first sto-ry and becomes one of the plot-forming ones. An obligatory component of almost all books is the mystery of the female character. There are several secrets in “Borodino Awakeningˮ (“Бородинское пробуждениеˮ): for the main character – the secret of Berestov; he himself, who became Berestov in the events on the eve and during Borodin and does not call himself in the present tense; Natasha's secret; hoax Leppich. The unnamed hero of “The White Rondelˮ (“Белый рондельˮ) wanders incognito. In the same row, and the secret of the origin of Nastya, and remained a secret for her (“Notebook...ˮ). “Mysteriousˮ heroines in “House on the Hillˮ. The prehistory of the appearance of the Proud in the ravine (“Good-bye, ravineˮ) remains unknown to the reader. In some stories, the secret of the place is associated with the secret of the hero. Heroes travel with companions – Kees and Red Fox, Pochivalov and Osorgin, Berestov and Listov, Mike and Morris, Mr. Writer and Mr. Kitten, etc. The complex of obligatory motives in the historical prose of Sergienko, indicated in “Kees...ˮ, includes the motive of the hero's responsibility for the fate of the country (“Borodino Awakeningˮ, “Xeniaˮ (“Ксенияˮ), etc). This motive is associated with the motive of the he-roes’ dreams of the promised land, the ideal city and the motive of sacrifice. The tulip in the first story, not yet known to the Dutch, will turn into a flower with its miracu-lous properties in a number of works. The flower-bouquet motif is especially significant in the “House on the Hillˮ. In the same story, another motive of Sergienko’s prose comes to the fore – the star motive. Some of the peripheral motives become leading in individual books (the motives of the crimson beret, Holland, Mozart and Salieri, etc.). Homelessness, the instability of the heroes existence gives them the opportunity for self-realization, the chronicle of events – grows into a biography, and then into autobiography. Most of Sergienko’s works are based on the plots of a roguish, chivalrous novel and a novel of education, complicated by other plots. The story “Porcelain Headˮ (“Фарфоровая го- ловаˮ) testifies to the writer’s search for new ways in plot construction, caused by the rethinking of the romantic position of fighting against chaotic reality and rising above it.
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Heo, Jae-Hong. « A Study of Web·TV Drama on Now Jeju TV ». Society for Jeju Studies 59 (28 février 2023) : 39–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47520/jjs.2023.59.39.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this study is an analysis of <Good bye Day 420>, <We are always the first>, <Uglak Daglak>, and <Cheong-yeon> aired on Now Jeju TV. Now Jeju TV is a subsidiary broadcasting station of JIBS, which is broadcast nationwide and provides various tourism information about Jeju Island for the ‘land people’ of Korea. JIBS produces dramas or through outsourcing companies with sponsors in Jeju Island, and presents them through Now Jeju TV’s web platform and television broadcasts. As the purpose of establishing Now Jeju TV is to promote Jeju, The dramas that are aired also serve as a function of promoting Jeju. Now Jeju TV's dramas are unique in that they are a combination of tourism promotion and drama, and are rare in that they are self-produced dramas by local broadcasting stations. The characteristics of Now Jeju TV dramas according to the analysis are as follows. First, it is a sense of difference that occurs when a web drama is edited into a TV drama version. The technique of omission and coincidence that gives speed to the narrative in the web drama version appears as a lack of probability in the TV drama version. On the other hand, if the plot is formed in an omnibus format or If a plot is constructed with an emphasis on probability in web dramas, TV dramaticization of web dramas is naturally formed. Second, the protagonists are all ‘land person’, every text shows the beautiful landscape of Jeju following their eyes. However, Since specific tourist attractions are not emphasized, they are not enough as tourism promotional materials. While land people's stories are considered as important, the language or culture of Jeju is marginalized or removed. Third, every text has PPL scene of sponsors. In Now Jeju TV, PPL is arranged to suit the progress of the plot. This is because the sponsor is determined from the planning process, so the drama is produced with PPL in mind from the beginning.
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Hidayat, Trifenaus Prabu, et Andre Sugioko. « Performance Analyzes of Bee Colony Split-Plot Algorithm ». International Journal of Information and Education Technology 5, no 7 (2015) : 549–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijiet.2015.v5.566.
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Lestari, Ayu Rahfiza, et Ari Wibowo. « An Analysis of Plots in James W. Ellison “Akeelah and The Bee” ». INTERACTION : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa 6, no 1 (26 août 2019) : 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36232/jurnalpendidikanbahasa.v6i1.281.
Texte intégralRésumé :
An Analysis of Plot in James W. Ellison “Akeelah and the Bee”. Thesis English Program of STKIP Muhammadiyah Sorong. The object of the analysis is Plot in the novel Akeelah and the Bee, the plot is taken as data, classified into the kind of plot and analyzed using descriptive analysis method. The purpose of this research is to know the kind of plot in Akeelah and the Bee novel. The result of this research show that in Akeelah and the Bee novel using (Flashback Plot because containing the elements are; Conflict, Exposition I, Exposition II, Exposition III, Exposition IV, Climax I, Climax II and End). And the writer analyze based on the theory of Russel and Freytag. The result of this research can give useful addition information for lecturers, especially in teaching literature about intrinsic element of story. For the students, the result of this research can be used as additional knowledge to improve their knowledge and ability of the literature, especially in plots of story.
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Winsor, Mary. « Rock-a-bye, Ute : Emerging Writer’s Contest Winner Nonfiction ». Ploughshares 39, no 4 (2013) : 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plo.2013.0096.
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Questier, Michael C. « The Succession, Bye and Main Plots of 1601-1603 (review) ». Catholic Historical Review 93, no 3 (2007) : 662–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cat.2007.0304.
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Mušović, Azra. « The bee symbolism in Sylvia Plath's poetics : Between rational and inspiration ». Zbornik radova Filozofskog fakulteta u Pristini 51, no 2 (2021) : 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zrffp51-32367.
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Contemporary American poetess of confessional orientation, Sylvia Plath, was often in her career torn between the rational role-models and creative inspiration. This tension is most evident in Plath's metaphors, in which her desire for control and understanding is confronted to the limitations of language to signify the unspoken. The paper aims at presenting symbolic (psychological, religious) semantics of bees in the author's literary oeuvre. The bees are an appropriate, uncrystallized medium; like language, they resist comparison through their transformative power. The bee becomes a personal emblem of the poetess; it represents the culmination and reconciliation of the classical and rational influences in her poetics. The cyclical nature of the bee poems follows the pattern of symbolic death and rebirth-signifying a regeneration-the spring of a new life. Although the spring will inevitably lead one more time to winter and death, the bee as a medium has a liberating quality for the poetess, signifying vitality and authenticity that remain the ultimate values of her art.
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Coulibaly, Drissa, Mouhamadou Koné, Yalamoussa Tuo, Kolo Soro et Kouakou Hervé Koua. « Impact Of Beekeeping On The Wild Bee Diversity In Northern Cote D'Ivoire (West Africa) ». Research in Ecology 6, no 1 (29 février 2024) : 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/re.v6i1.6023.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In Cote d’Ivoire, beekeeping takes an important place among the major economic activities. It contributes to improve the population livelihoods thanks to its derived products which are honey, propolis, wax and royal jelly. However, the installation of honey bee hives could put pressure on wild bee species which are live often alone (solitary bees). However, these wild bees are excellent pollinators of cultivated and wild plants. Our study aimed to assess the effect of honey bee hives on the diversity of wild bee. The methodology approach consisted to capture bees in three different plots within the forest fragment of the university Peleforo Gon Coulibaly. The first plot was located near the apiary containing ten hives. The two other plots, far to the apiary, were located to 200 m and 400 m from the first plot, respectively. Bees were captured once a month for three months using pan traps (UV - blue, yellow and white). A total of 17 bee species belonging to three families (Apidae, Megachilidae and Halictidae) were identified. The furthest plot from the apiary was the most diverse (H’ = 2.49) and that near the apiary was the least diverse (H’ = 0.11). Only, two wild bee species, Hypotrigona sp and Thrinchostoma petersi, persisted inside the plot near the apiary where honey bee was most abundant. The furthest plots from the apiary seems to have the highest diversity of wild bees. These findings are very relevant because they can play an essential role in the policies of wild bee communities’ conservation and in the beekeeping activities management in our regions.
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Koike, Katsuo, Akihiro Nakagoshi et Issei Takayanagi. « A derivative of befunolol, BFE-55, interacts with only the high affinity sites in β-adrenoceptors ». Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no 10 (1 octobre 1987) : 2150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-338.
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The effect of BFE-55, a derivative of befunolol (a β-adrenergic partial agonist) on specific [3H]befunolol binding to a microsomal fraction from the guinea pig taenia caecum was tested. A Scatchard plot of specific [3H]befunolol binding in the absence of BFE-55 was concave, suggesting an existence of high and low affinity sites in β-adrenoceptors. In contrast, the Scatchard plot of data in the presence of BFE-55 (3 × 10−7 M) was straight. In the presence of BFE-55, the high affinity sites disappeared and the low affinity site was unaffected. In the absence and presence of BFE-55 there was no difference between the pKD values or Bmax values at the low affinity site. These findings indicate that BFE-55 interacts with only the high affinity sites in β-adrenoceptors.
Thèses sur le sujet "Bye Plot"
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McCullough, Christopher Thomas. « The effects of wildflower plots and diverse landscapes on ecosystem services, bee communities, and on-farm tick abundance ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98733.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Conservation of natural habitats and planting wildflower plots are two commonly promoted tactics to enhance pollination services and biological control of crop pests, which are ecosystem services that can improve agricultural outputs. There are several programs at various levels of government in the United States that landowners can use to defray the costs of implementing these conservation strategies. Studies of European Agricultural Environmental Schemes have shown these tactics to have positive outcomes for crop production. However, real-world applications of cost-sharing programs have not been evaluated in the United States on pollination services and biological control. Furthermore, these tactics may inadvertently perform ecosystem disservices, like increasing crop pests or creating habitat for disease vectors.
In this study, we evaluated the effects of natural habit and wildflower plots on biological control, pollination services, bee communities, and tick populations in Eastern Virginia and Maryland. This research was conducted on 22 farms. 10 of these farms had wildflower plots that were designed by Natural Resource Conservation Service personnel, and implemented by cooperating farmers. Collards, strawberries, tomatoes, and squash were used as model systems. We measured pest density, sentinel egg predation, crop damage, seed pollination, biomass production, marketable crop yield, sampled the bee community, and recorded tick abundance in wildflower plots. Many of the measures of biological control and pollination services had idiosyncratic results in regards to the wildflower plots and natural habit in the landscape. However, the proportion of high quality yield for all four crops increased with increasing natural habitat in the landscape. Bee communities between sites with and without wildflower plots were not different. Bee abundance did increase at wildflower sites when natural habitat comprised a certain proportion of the habitat around the site. Ticks were sampled from wildflower plantings, but not in greater abundance compared to field margins.
In this study, the effects of wildflower plots were overshadowed by the landscape effects of natural habitat. Government personnel that oversee these programs may need to consider the surrounding landscape when helping implement on-farm conservation measure like wildflower plots. Such measures, do not perform an ecosystem disservice in regards to ticks.Doctor of Philosophy
Conservation of natural habitats and planting wildflower plots are two strategies to enhance pollination services and biological control of crop pests. These two ecosystem services are of needed to improve agricultural production without further damaging the environment. There are several programs at various levels of government in the United States that landowners can use to subsidize the costs of implementing these strategies. European studies have shown these government programs to be successful. However, these programs have not been evaluated in the United States on their ability to enhance pollination services and biological control. Furthermore, studies investigating potential ecosystem disservices these strategies. In this study, we evaluated the effects of natural habit and wildflower plots on biological control, pollination services, bee communities, and tick populations in Eastern Virginia and Maryland. This research was conducted on 22 farms. 10 of these farms had wildflower plots that were designed by Natural Resource Conservation Service personnel, and implemented by cooperating farmers. Collards, strawberries, tomatoes, and squash were used as model systems. We measured pest density, egg predation, crop damage, seed pollination, and yield. We also sampled the bee community, and recorded tick abundance in wildflower plots. There were no consistent trends for many measures of biological control and pollination services in response to the wildflower plots and natural habit. However, the proportion of high quality yield for all four crops increased with increasing natural habitat in the landscape. Bee communities between sites with and without wildflower plots were not different. Bee abundance did increase at wildflower sites when natural habitat comprised a certain proportion of the habitat around the site. Ticks were sampled from wildflower plantings, but not in greater abundance compared to field margins. In this study, the effects of wildflower plots were overshadowed by the landscape effects of natural habitat. Government personnel that oversee these programs may need to consider the surrounding landscape when helping implement on-farm conservation measure like wildflower plots. Such measures, do not perform an ecosystem disservice in regards to ticks.
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McCullough, Christopher T. « The effects of wildflower plots and diverse landscapes on ecosystem services, bee communities, and on-farm tick abundance ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98733.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Conservation of natural habitats and planting wildflower plots are two commonly promoted tactics to enhance pollination services and biological control of crop pests, which are ecosystem services that can improve agricultural outputs. There are several programs at various levels of government in the United States that landowners can use to defray the costs of implementing these conservation strategies. Studies of European Agricultural Environmental Schemes have shown these tactics to have positive outcomes for crop production. However, real-world applications of cost-sharing programs have not been evaluated in the United States on pollination services and biological control. Furthermore, these tactics may inadvertently perform ecosystem disservices, like increasing crop pests or creating habitat for disease vectors.
In this study, we evaluated the effects of natural habit and wildflower plots on biological control, pollination services, bee communities, and tick populations in Eastern Virginia and Maryland. This research was conducted on 22 farms. 10 of these farms had wildflower plots that were designed by Natural Resource Conservation Service personnel, and implemented by cooperating farmers. Collards, strawberries, tomatoes, and squash were used as model systems. We measured pest density, sentinel egg predation, crop damage, seed pollination, biomass production, marketable crop yield, sampled the bee community, and recorded tick abundance in wildflower plots. Many of the measures of biological control and pollination services had idiosyncratic results in regards to the wildflower plots and natural habit in the landscape. However, the proportion of high quality yield for all four crops increased with increasing natural habitat in the landscape. Bee communities between sites with and without wildflower plots were not different. Bee abundance did increase at wildflower sites when natural habitat comprised a certain proportion of the habitat around the site. Ticks were sampled from wildflower plantings, but not in greater abundance compared to field margins.
In this study, the effects of wildflower plots were overshadowed by the landscape effects of natural habitat. Government personnel that oversee these programs may need to consider the surrounding landscape when helping implement on-farm conservation measure like wildflower plots. Such measures, do not perform an ecosystem disservice in regards to ticks.Doctor of Philosophy
Conservation of natural habitats and planting wildflower plots are two strategies to enhance pollination services and biological control of crop pests. These two ecosystem services are of needed to improve agricultural production without further damaging the environment. There are several programs at various levels of government in the United States that landowners can use to subsidize the costs of implementing these strategies. European studies have shown these government programs to be successful. However, these programs have not been evaluated in the United States on their ability to enhance pollination services and biological control. Furthermore, studies investigating potential ecosystem disservices these strategies. In this study, we evaluated the effects of natural habit and wildflower plots on biological control, pollination services, bee communities, and tick populations in Eastern Virginia and Maryland. This research was conducted on 22 farms. 10 of these farms had wildflower plots that were designed by Natural Resource Conservation Service personnel, and implemented by cooperating farmers. Collards, strawberries, tomatoes, and squash were used as model systems. We measured pest density, egg predation, crop damage, seed pollination, and yield. We also sampled the bee community, and recorded tick abundance in wildflower plots. There were no consistent trends for many measures of biological control and pollination services in response to the wildflower plots and natural habit. However, the proportion of high quality yield for all four crops increased with increasing natural habitat in the landscape. Bee communities between sites with and without wildflower plots were not different. Bee abundance did increase at wildflower sites when natural habitat comprised a certain proportion of the habitat around the site. Ticks were sampled from wildflower plantings, but not in greater abundance compared to field margins. In this study, the effects of wildflower plots were overshadowed by the landscape effects of natural habitat. Government personnel that oversee these programs may need to consider the surrounding landscape when helping implement on-farm conservation measure like wildflower plots. Such measures, do not perform an ecosystem disservice in regards to ticks.
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Blažek, Martin. « Polyfunkční dům Jihlava, Handlovy Dvory ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392131.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The subject of this diploma thesis is the project documentation of the new multifunctional building on the plot in Jihlava, Handlovy Dvory. The building is planted in the shape of a substantially elongated rhomboid and is staggered into almost half-symmetrical halves. The height of these two parts is mutually displaced by one half of the floor so that the object better copes with the significant slope of the plot. The building has five above-ground floors. On the first floor there is a beerhouse with its facilities. The beerhouse goes on to the terrace. On the second to fifth floors are individual flats. The flats are designed primarily as 1 + kitchen and 2 + kitchen. On the second floor there are also apartments. Parking is done by a perpendicular stall around the adjacent road and the car park next to the building. The work contains drawing documentation for construction, thermal engineering assessment, fire safety solution, acoustic assessment and lighting assessment
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Pinto, Danielle Silva. « Efeito da competição dentro de parcelas, da interação genótipos x ambientes e influência de estratégias de seleção no melhoramento genético de eucalipto ». Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2009. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4721.
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Previous issue date: 2009-07-17The aim was to determine the genetic parameters of progeny tests in Eucalyptus grandis Hill Maiden with 3 years old under competicional effect, as well as to study the genotype x environment interaction and its impact on strategies for direct and indirect selection and analyze different selection strategies like selection among and within, mass, stratified mass selection and combined selection in three different locations of the Company Jari Celulose S/A. The experimental design was a randomized block with 93 half-sib progenies, 10 replications, linear plots of five plants and spacing of 3m x 2m. The evaluated characteristics were height (ALT), in meters, diameter at breast height (DBH) in cm and the volume (VOL) in m3. It were estimated selection gains with a percentage of 20% between half-sib and 40% within, the same being maintained for all selection strategies analyzed. It was detected high plants mortality in the experiments, which interfered with the accuracy of the experiments. The progeny tests showed genetic variability, with greater variability within plots. It was also detected competicional effect observed by the negative intraclass correlation among plants within plots. Its existence interfered in the estimates of phenotypic variance within plots and environmental variance. In the interaction study were found significant effects for genotypes and also for the genotype x environment interaction, showing variability among progenies and differential behavior along these different environments. Regarding to the analised places, local 2 and 3 showed no significant interaction. The site has major direct gain and maximized the gain for the other two locals was the local 2. To analyze the selection gain with different strategies such as selection among and within, mass selection, stratified mass selection and combined selection, the analysis were done only with DAP, because of its high correlation with other variables. The combined selection strategy showed superior results to the selection processes among and within, mass and stratified with percentages estimates ranging from 6.67% to 18.67%.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi a determinação dos parâmetros genéticos de testes de progênies de Eucalyptus grandis Hill Maiden com 3 anos de idade sob efeito competicional, assim como estudar a interação genótipo x ambiente e seus reflexos nas estratégias de seleção direta e indireta e analisar diferentes estratégias de seleção como seleção entre e dentro, massal, massal estratificada e seleção combinada, em três diferentes locais da empresa Jari Celulose S/A. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com 93 progênies de meios irmãos, 10 repetiçõe, parcelas lineares de 5 plantas e espaçamento de 3m x 2 m. As características avaliadas foram a altura (ALT), em metros, diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP), em cm e o volume (VOL), em m3. Foram estimados os ganhos de seleção com uma percentagem de 20% entre e 40% dentro, sendo as mesmas mantidas para todas as estratégias de seleção analisadas. Foi detectado elevada mortalidade das plantas nos experimentos, que interferiu na precisão dos experimentos. Os testes de progênies apresentaram variabilidade genética, sendo maior variabilidade dentro de parcelas, também foi detectado o efeito competicional, observada pela correlação intraclasse negativa entre plantas dentro de parcelas. Sua existência interferiu nas estimativas de variância fenotípicas dentro de parcelas e variância ambiental. No estudo da interação foram detectados efeitos significativos para genótipos e também para a interação genótipo x ambiente, evidenciando variabilidade entre as progênies avaliadas e comportamento diferencial destas ao longo dos diferentes ambientes. Em relação aos locais analisados, os locais 2 e 3 apresentaram interação não significativa. O local que possui maior ganho direto e maximizou o ganho para os demais locais foi o local 2. Para analisar o ganho de seleção com as diferentes estratégias como seleção entre e dentro, seleção massal, massal estratificada e seleção combinada, as análises foram realizadas somente com a variável DAP, devido sua alta correlação com as demais variáveis. A estratégia de seleção combinada apresentou resultados superiores aos processos de seleção entre e dentro, massal e massal estratificada, com estimativas em percentuais variando de 6,67% a 18,67%.
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Sedláček, Tomáš. « Bytový dům, Holešov ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226109.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The thesis project is a residential building. The proposed building is located in the urban area in Holešov on plain plot suitable for the construction of a residential building. The building is designed as a four-storey basement building, which is roofed with a flat roof. There is designed a total of 14 flats of all categories. The building is designed from the concrete into the permanent formwork Velox, is founded on the foundation strips, roofing is designed as a flat roof of leaning wedges.
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Spekken, Mark. « Creating optimized machine working patterns on agricultural fields ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11152/tde-22092015-112051/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In the current agricultural context, agricultural machine unproductivity on fields and their impacts on soil along pathways are unavoidable. These machines have direct and indirect costs associated to their work in field, with non-productive time spent in manoeuvres when these are reaching field borders; likewise, there is a double application of product when machines are covering headlands while adding farm inputs. Both issues aggravate under irregular field geometry. Moreover, unproductive time can also appear in operations of loading/offloading the machine\'s reservoir with inputs/harvested-goods, which can increase with an improper use of the reservoir due to the inadequate machine path length. On the other hand, irregular steep surfaces present a problem for establishment of row crops and machine paths towards erosion. Though contouring (i.e., performing field operations perpendicular to slope direction) is a common practice to reduce runoff and increase water infiltration, still elevation contours are never parallel, while machine operations always are. Many of these issues were target for optimization in computer path planning for agricultural machines, where unproductivity was overall minimized and attempts of soil loss reduction by more proper path establishment also yielded results. This thesis gathered these issues in a combined path planning approach making possible to address soil loss and unproductive costs to their proper location. A number of methods was proposed and modified: creating and replicating steerable machine track; finding more optimal references for path coverage on irregular surfaces (curved or straight); quantifying the impacts of soil loss for a given path pattern; identifying spatially the water flow and concentration; defining geometrically different manoeuvre types and calculate its time, space and energy demands; obtain the overlapped area of input application; and quantifying the machine replenishment cost in relation to underuse of its reservoir for following tracks of inadequate length. An algorithm-application was achieved, which is capable of simulating a large number of path coverage scenarios and to display optimized ones based on a user defined criteria. Sugarcane crop, grown in Brazilian conditions, was the main object of study in this thesis because of its high in-field mechanization costs (along with unproductive operational costs), high susceptibility of soil erosion in its planting phase, and for occupying an area of predominant rolling surface. Case studies were subject to this algorithm that provided suitable outputs with minimized impacts. The outputs of the algorithm were comprehensive and showed potential for the methods to be used by agricultural decision makers.No contexto agrícola atual, improdutividade de máquinas agrícolas em campo e seus impactos sobre o solo ao longo de suas vias são inevitáveis. Estas máquinas têm custos diretos e indiretos associados ao seu trabalho no campo, como tempo improdutivo gasto em manobras quando estes atingem os limites do talhão. Também nestes limites, há uma dupla aplicação de insumos agrícolas quando as máquinas estão cobrindo cabeceiras. Ambas as questões se agravam em talhões de geometria irregular. Além disso, o tempo improdutivo também pode aparecer em operações de carga / descarga do reservatório da máquina com insumos / bens colhidos, o que pode aumentar com um uso indevido do reservatório da máquina devido ao comprimento inadequado do percurso em campo. Ainda, superfícies irregulares e íngremes apresentam um problema para o estabelecimento de culturas em fileira e caminhos de máquinas contra declive. Apesar de operações em nível serem uma prática comum para reduzir o escoamento e aumentar a infiltração de água, curvas de nível nunca são paralelas, enquanto operações agrícolas são sempre paralelas. Muitas destas questões foram alvo de otimização computacional para planejamento de percursos de para máquinas agrícolas, onde a ineficiência foi, em geral, minimizada e tentativas de redução da perda de solo estabelecimento de percursos mais adequados também produziu resultados. Esta tese reuniu estas questões em uma abordagem de planejamento de percurso quantificando e direcionando custos de perda de solo e improdutividade de máquinas para sua devida localização. Métodos foram propostos e modificados, como: criar e replicar trajetos transitáveis de máquinas; encontrar referências ideais para a cobertura do trajeto em superfícies irregulares (curvas ou retas); quantificação dos impactos da perda de solo por um determinado padrão de percursos; identificar espacialmente o fluxo da água e sua concentração; definir geometricamente diferentes tipos de manobras e calcular o seu tempo, espaço e energia demandada; obter a área sobreposta de aplicação de insumos; e quantificar custo de reposição da máquina em relação à subutilização de seu reservatório para seguir trajetos de comprimento inadequado. Um aplicativo-algoritmo foi obtido capaz de simular um grande número de cenários de padrões de percurso, e exibindo aqueles que foram otimizados por critérios definidos pelo usuário. A cultura da cana, em condições brasileiras, foi a principal cultura de estudo nesta tese devido ao seu alto custo de mecanização (assim como custos operacionais improdutivos), alta suscetibilidade à erosão do solo na sua fase de plantio, e ocupando predominantemente áreas de superfície irregular. Os estudos de caso foram sujeitos ao algoritmo que obteve resultados coerentes e impactos minimizados. Os resultados do algoritmo mostram potencial para que os métodos avaliados sejam utilizados por tomadores de decisão da área agrícola.
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ČÍŽKOVÁ, Jitka. « Vliv koncepce dějin F. Palackého na soudobou historickou prózu ». Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-80502.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Diplomová práce přináší příspěvek k problematice inspirace historické prózy devatenáctého století odbornou dějepisnou literaturou. Jejím úkolem je zhodnocení provázanosti Palackého husitské koncepce s vybranými dvěma povídkami Josefa Kajetána Tyla, jejichž děj je situován do první poloviny patnáctého století v Čechách. První část diplomové práce uvádí stručnou charakteristiku obou autorů a jejich tvorby s historickou tematikou. Následující teoretická kapitola je věnována pohledu na husitství v devatenáctém století. Druhá část práce je zaměřena prakticky, neboť vedle srovnání výkladu dějin oběma autory také obsahuje subjektivní interpretaci literárních kvalit postav a okolností, jež si Tyl domýšlí.
Livres sur le sujet "Bye Plot"
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Rankine, Claudia. Plot. New York : Grove Press, 2001.
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Rankine, Claudia. Plot. New York, USA : Grove Press, 2001.
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Roth, Philip A. The Plot Against America. New York : Vintage International, 2020.
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Roth, Philip A. The plot against America. Waterville, Me : Thorndike Press, 2005.
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Roth, Philip A. The Plot Against America. 8e éd. London : Jonathan Cape, 2004.
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Roth, Philip A. The Plot Against America. Waterville, ME, USA : Thorndike Press, 2005.
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Roth, Philip A. The Plot Against America. 9e éd. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Co., 2004.
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Roth, Philip A. The plot against America. Leicester : W.F. Howes, 2005.
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Miao, Wei, 1965- adapter, author et Liu Xiangwei illustrator, dir. Ba wang bie ji. Wulumuqi Shi : Xinjiang qing shao nian chu ban she, 2017.
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Roth, Philip A. Plot Against America : A Novel. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2004.
Trouver le texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Bye Plot"
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Sobot, Robert. « Bode Plot ». Dans Engineering Mathematics by Example, 171–97. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41200-4_7.
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Evans, Ray. « Plot synopsis ». Dans The Mayor of Casterbridge by Thomas Hardy, 5–8. London : Macmillan Education UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08513-2_2.
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Ormond, Leonée. « Plot Synopsis and Critical Commentary ». Dans KIM by Rudyard Kipling, 6–26. London : Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09414-1_2.
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Ormond, Leonée. « Plot synopsis and critical commentary ». Dans St Joan by George Bernard Shaw, 7–31. London : Macmillan Education UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07610-9_2.
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Coogan, Kevin. « Plots and Protocols ». Dans The Spy Who Would Be Tsar, 269–80. London : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003051114-13.
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Kirkby, Mike. « Evaluation of Plot Runoff and Erosion Forecasts Using the CSEP and MEDRUSH Models ». Dans Modelling Soil Erosion by Water, 33–42. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58913-3_4.
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Skinner, Gillian. « Not Venice preserved, but a Venus betrayed, and a Plot discovered. 72 ». Dans The History of the Countess of Dellwyn, by Sarah Fielding, 54–56. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351003421-12.
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Doran, Susan. « Conspiracy and Coronation ». Dans From Tudor to Stuart, 126–53. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754640.003.0006.
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Abstract Shortly before James’s coronation two plots were uncovered. The Bye Plot was the brainchild of a Catholic secular priest, William Watson, and a layman, Sir Griffin Markham, who were seeking, at the very least, toleration for Catholics. The Main Plot was supposedly a conspiracy involving Henry Lord Cobham and Sir Walter Ralegh with the intention of putting the king’s English cousin Arbella Stuart on the throne. After Jesuits revealed the Bye to Bishop Bancroft, suspects were interrogated until the coronations interrupted the inquiries. Their coronations, the first ever in English and according to Protestant rites, were designed to reinforce James’s title as a hereditary king and the principle of the divine right of kings. Immediately afterwards, the interrogations of the accused resumed. At their trials, the main defendants were found guilty, even though Ralegh put on an impressive performance.
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Miola, Robert S. « Anthony Copley ». Dans Early Modern Catholicism, 204–9. Oxford University PressOxford, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199259854.003.0032.
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Abstract Born into a Catholic family, Robert Southwell’s kinsman, Anthony Copley (1567–1609?), studied at the English College in Rome (1584–6) and then entered the service of the king of Spain. After returning to England in 1590, he suVered several imprisonments. Later protesting the appointment of pro-Jesuit George Blackwell as Archpriest of England, he published letters (1601, 1602) supporting the seminary priests against the Jesuits, whom he considered to be dangerous and immoral interlopers. Upon the accession of James I, Copley became involved in the Bye plot to seize King James and force him to grant toleration to Catholics. After making a full confession and giving damning evidence against other conspirators, Copley received a full pardon.
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« Plot Synopsis and Summary ». Dans Burnt by the Sun. I.B.Tauris, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780755699094.ch-001.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Bye Plot"
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Wowo, Ding, et Guo Pengyu. « The role of original plots and building types in the morphological research of Chinese traditional village tissues ». Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5279.
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In Chinese traditional village, the morphological transformation of village tissue was embedded in the changing of co-existing morphological elements contains original plots, that recorded the geographical evidence of social structural changing from traditional private ownership economy to rural collective economy. The internal relationships of original plots, derivative plots and building types require investigation in detail as theoretical praxis in the morphological research of village. Several questions need to be clarified: is that the plot restricted to the block, or the plots constitute the block? Is that plot limits building types or building type decides the size of the plot? Whether the plot can be re-divided when the building belong to its kept unchanging? And how the building type transited when the plots size reducing or extending? Focusing on a village in north of China this paper will investigate how the morphological elements worked and acted during the village transformation, based on the field survey, village records and the family documents. Our results will indicate that the role of the street, plots and building types were different between villages and urban, which were interacted each other differently. The concepts derivative plots and the co-relation between the plots, the derivative plots and building types of the village are developed.
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Gniadek, Jacek, Robert Szewczyk et Izabela Piech. « The Role of the Land Layout Parameters and Production Efficiency in the Evaluation and Shaping of the Spatial Structure of Land ». Dans Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.191.
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The article contains the results of the plots layout research in the farms of the selected object in the southern Poland. The basic surface element adopted for the research, were continuous parts of the registry plots covered by one form of use. To carry out tests on such a large number of plots specialized computer programs used, which use data from the digital cadastral map and the descriptive part of the land and buildings registry documentation kept in digital system. The applied technology allowed obtaining more than 70 features, characterizing each analyzed plot. Detailed studies included the 15 basic features of plots layout, first four of which determine the spatial parameters of the plot, three features relate to the estimated costs of cultivation dependent on its layout, the next two describe the location of the plot in the village and in the farm, and the last five characterize the farm, that owns the plot. The obtained result allowed the identification of positive and negative aspects of the tested ground system indicating the necessary changes in terms of its improvement.
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Craig, David, et Thomas Blasingame. « Diagnostic Plots of Pressure Transient, Rate-Transient, and Diagnostic Fracture-Injection/Falloff Tests ». Dans SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206108-ms.
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Abstract All transient test interpretation methods rely on or utilize diagnostic plots for the identification of wellbore or fracture storage distortion, flow regimes, and other parameters (e.g., minimum horizontal stress). Although all "test" interpretations of interest are transient test data (i.e., those involving an "event"), the associated diagnostic plots are not interchangeable between such tests. The objective of this work is to clearly define the appropriate diagnostic plot(s) for each type of transient test. The work applies the appropriate transient test theory to demonstrate the applicability of each diagnostic plot along with clearly defining the characteristic features that make a given plot "diagnostic." For pressure transient testing, the material is largely a review, but for rate transient tests and diagnostic fracture-injection/falloff tests, new ideas are introduced and documented to justify appropriate diagnostic plots. Data examples are provided for illustration and application. In general, pressure transient test diagnostic plots are not misused, but the same cannot be said for diagnostic fracture-injection/falloff tests (or DFITs) where it is common to ascribe flow regimes and/or draw other erroneous conclusions based on observations from an inappropriately constructed or interpretated diagnostic plot. The examples provided illustrate both the correct diagnostic plot and interpretations, but also illustrate how data can be easily misinterpreted in common practice.
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Pratikno, Helmi, W. John Lee et Cesario K. Torres. « Application of Multiple Diagnostic Plots to Identify End of Linear Flow in Unconventional Reservoirs ». Dans SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205906-ms.
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Abstract This paper presents a method to identify switch time from end of linear flow (telf) to transition or boundary-dominated flow (BDF) by utilizing multiple diagnostic plots including a Modified Fetkovich type curve (Eleiott et al. 2019). In this study, we analyzed publicly available production data to analyze transient linear flow behavior and boundary-dominated flow from multiple unconventional reservoirs. This method applies a log-log plot of rate versus time combined with a log-log plot of rate versus material balance time (MBT). In addition to log-log plots, a specialized plot of rate versus square root of time is used to confirm telf. A plot of MBT versus actual time, t, is provided to convert material balance time to actual time, and vice versa. The Modified Fetkovich type curve is used to estimate decline parameters and reservoir properties. Applications of this method using monthly production data from Bakken and Permian Shale areas are presented in this work. Utilizing public data, our comprehensive review of approximately 800 multi-staged fractured horizontal wells (MFHW) from North American unconventional reservoirs found many of them exhibiting linear flow production characteristics. To identify end of linear flow, a log-log plot of rate versus time alone is not sufficient, especially when a well is not operated in a consistent manner. This paper shows using additional diagnostic plots such as rate versus MBT and specialized plots can assist interpreters to better identify end of linear flow. With the end of linear flow determined for these wells, the interpreter can use the telf to forecast future production and estimate reservoir properties using the modified type curve. These diagnostic plots can be added to existing production analysis tools so that engineers can analyze changes in flow regimes in a timely manner, have better understanding of how to forecast their wells, and reduce the uncertainty in estimated ultimate recoveries related to decline parameters.
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Ding, Wowo, Yusheng Gu et Lian Tang. « Identify Urban Spatial Patterns Based on the Plot Shapes and Building Setting in Downtown of Nanjing. » Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5924.
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Yusheng Gu, Lian Tang, Wowo DingSchool of Architecture & Urban Planning, Nanjing University, No.22 Hankou Rd, Jiangsu 210093, P.R.ChinaE-mail: guyushengnju@163.com, tanglian@nju.edu.cn, dww@nju.edu.cnTel: +86 13951786797; +86 25 8359 7205Key words: Spatial Configuration, Building Pattern, Plot Pattern, Plot Boundary Line The geometric characteristics of modern cities have been difficult to describe that is important for urban design, which deserve to be further interpreted. Taking advantage of Conzen’s methodology, the building is tightly related with its plot, which means the certain building pattern can be described by examining the generation of the building arrangement within the plot. Simultaneously, the building pattern is highly affected by the plot pattern it is located. In view of these, plot patterns together with land property and site coding could be taken as the clue for understanding both building patterns and urban spatial configuration. 35 commercial blocks in Nanjing downtown areas are chosen as research samples. Firstly, the internal structure of the blocks will be studied by analyzing the patterns, functions and land utilities of its plots. Focusing on the site coding and regulation, the building arrangement could be clarified and mapped. The results will identify the urban spatial patterns in downtown of Nanjing by mapping the characteristics of plot size, shape, properties and boundary lines. Therefore, the method on describing urban spatial configuration in modern cities could be developed. References(70 words) Conzen, M.R.G.(1960) “Alnwick, Northumberland: A Study in Town Plan Analysis" , Institute of British Geographers. Conzen, Michael P. (2004) Thinking about urban form : papers on urban morphology, Peter Lang Publishing. Dongxue Wang(2016) The relationship between the space of block and the plot boundary-based on a general survey in Nanjing, Master's thesis of Nanjing University. Jingjing Jiang(2015)Commercial plots and building patterns analysis-based on a general survey in Nanjing, Master's thesis of Nanjing University.
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Wang, Tianming, et Xiaojun Wan. « T-CVAE : Transformer-Based Conditioned Variational Autoencoder for Story Completion ». Dans Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California : International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/727.
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Story completion is a very challenging task of generating the missing plot for an incomplete story, which requires not only understanding but also inference of the given contextual clues. In this paper, we present a novel conditional variational autoencoder based on Transformer for missing plot generation. Our model uses shared attention layers for encoder and decoder, which make the most of the contextual clues, and a latent variable for learning the distribution of coherent story plots. Through drawing samples from the learned distribution, diverse reasonable plots can be generated. Both automatic and manual evaluations show that our model generates better story plots than state-of-the-art models in terms of readability, diversity and coherence.
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Damanauskas, Vidas, et Algirdas Janulevicius. « Influence of tractor slippage on crop yield ». Dans 22nd International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev.2023.22.tf021.
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The tractor under draft causes slippage of the driving wheels, which negatively affects the soil structure and soil function, influences the plant growth and yield. Tires compress and compact the surface layer, erode the soil, and reduce liveliness of plant roots. Driving of tractors is unavoidable but may be more friendly to the environment. The aim of the research was to establish the dependence of the tire contact area and tractor slip on the plant yield, maintaining a constant draft. The investigative tractor “CASE MX135” was used in this research. The field test was performed by towing another tractor with implements for constant draft load. Several soil plots were compressed track to track separately, changing the tire contact area on each plot. Different tire contact area was achieved by changing the tire pressure and adding double wheels. The correlation of the adjustable contact area and wheel slip and crop yield was developed by comparing to the control plot without soil compression. The results show that enlargement of the tire contact area can reduce the slippage by 19,8% at constant draft and improve the crop yield, by reducing soil damage. It was noticed that the soil plots which were compressed with the lowest tire contact area gave the crop yield by 10% less; in the plots where the soil was compressed with the greatest tire contact area the crop yield increased by 9.5% compared to the control plot without compression of the soil.
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Ding, Wowo, Ruoyao Li et Lian Tang. « Evaluation of Generating Mechanism of Residential Building Patterns in Contemporary Cities – Case Study on Xi’an and Nanjing ». Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5920.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ruoyao Li, Lian Tang, Wowo DingNanjing University School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 200093, ChinaE-mail: lilyhehua@163.com, tanglian@nju.edu.cn, dww@nju.edu.cnTelephone number:+86 13675149161,+86 13770849401,+86 25 83593020 Keywords: residential building pattern, generating mechanism, living behavior, floor area ratio, sunshine regulations Residential area occupies a large portion of urban land, so it is very important to understand the characteristics of the residential building patterns and how such patterns, normally parallel multi-story and high-rise slab apartments in various cities of China, are formed. The residential building patterns are according to the living behavior, climate consideration, environmental requirement and market demands. Our previous studies have shown that sunshine regulation is by far the most important factor in the generation of the residential building pattern since 1980. This paper attempts to make a comprehensive evaluation to see the generating mechanism of the residential morphological patterns. Ten residential plots from two cities located in different climate zones of Xi’an and Nanjing are evaluated. Five factors, namely, the type of the apartment, plot FAR, land coverage, sunshine regulations and spatial characteristics of plot pattern, will be used as comprehensive evaluation indicators in the comparison. The study reveals how these factors interplay in the generation of the observed plot patterns and which factor is most important in this process. If the sunshine regulations were the key factor, how different the plot patterns in different climate zones and latitudes would have varied. Through evaluating generating mechanism we could find out the key generating factors, which is useful as the references for design. References Standard for Assessment Parameters of Sunlight on Building (GB/T 50947-2014) Code for Design of Residential Buildings (GB 50096-2011) Quan Liu, Wowo Ding(2014) Morphological Study on the Unit of Urban Fabric of Contemporary Residential Plots in Yangtze River Delta, China Lina Zhang, Wowo Ding(2014) Density, Height Limitation, and Plot Pattern: Quantitative Description of the Residential Plots, Nanjing, China Jintang Chen, Sheng Yao, Yinsheng Tian (2014) Experiences from Researches about Residential Areas Employing Conzenian Approach
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Kerkeni, Sofien, Ivan Metrikin et Peter Jochmann. « Capability Plots of Dynamic Positioning in Ice ». Dans ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10912.
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Dynamic positioning (DP) capability plots in open water are essential tools both for ship design and operational risk assessment. Currently the capability plots are widely used by the whole ship sector. Furthermore, the calculations and representations of the capability plots have been standardized by the International Marine Contractors Association (IMCA). In a capability plot, the wind, current and wave loads are taken into account and the plots are given in polar coordinates [1]. Recent research and ice basin experiments have demonstrated the feasibility of DP operations in ice-covered waters [2]. However, the design of a similar analysis tool as the capability plot is complicated by both a large range of ice parameters and the lack of understanding of the ship/ice interaction physics at low relative velocities [3]. In this paper, the influence of several ice parameters is studied in order to identify the most important variables for DP in ice. The study comprises both ice basin experiments and numerical simulations. The ice basin test results are extracted from the trials carried out at the large ice tank of Hamburg Ship Model Basin (HSVA) within the scope of the European research and development project DYPIC [2]. The numerical modelling is based on a novel high-fidelity simulation approach which is discussed in the paper. Finally, “ice capability plots” are drawn under certain hypothesis and assumptions.
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Nuthanapati, Sreekanth, T. S. Subramanian et Ibrahim Al Awadhi. « Efficient Solutions to Reinforce Weak Soil Strata ». Dans ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216068-ms.
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Abstract Site selection for Industrial / Oil & Gas plants is a complex process requiring careful consideration of numerous factors to render it technologically and economically viable. Any error committed during selection of plot will have short- and long-term ramifications in terms of cost, safety, operability etc. This paper presents the issues faced in development of pre-finalized project plots and improvements that are carried out in most effective and economical way for safe functioning of the plant. Geotechnical investigations were conducted to obtain soil characteristics at different depths of predefined bore hole locations at each of the project plot. Also ground water levels were measured at each of the bore hole location to establish the ground water level to identify the measures to be considered during design and construction. In some project plots / unit plot areas, liquefaction risks were anticipated due to presence of loose silty sand layers in the event of earthquake. This may result in differential settlement of structures and equipment supported and the same will affect the operation and long-term integrity of that unit / plant. In some other unit plots, allowable bearing pressure at proposed founding level is not adequate to support the heavy loads from equipment. Removal of these silty sand layers at varying depths (5 to 7.0m) and replacing with compacted engineering fill is one of the options, however not pursued due to time and cost. Project / unit plots were finalized based on soil properties, type of structures and anticipated loads etc., and cost benefit analysis was performed for different geotechnical solutions to identify optimal soil reinforcement solution. Due to presence of weak soil in large storage areas with liquefaction potential, soil improvement using ‘vibro-replacement’ technique was finalized to prevent excessive / differential settlement and to improve allowable bearing pressure. State-of-the-art soil stabilization technique using geo-synthetics to increase the stiffness of weak soil was employed in other project / unit areas intended to support moderately loaded facilities. Removal of loose topsoil and replacement by ‘Engineering Fill’ supplemented with adequate compaction was deemed sufficient in certain areas bearing lightly loaded facilities. By tailoring different geotechnical solutions that suits the unit / plot soil conditions, expensive soil improvements & large/raft foundation solutions were eliminated. As a result, foundation footprint and concrete quantities were optimized which resulted in substantial savings in construction cost and improvement in project schedule due to elimination of laborious activities.
Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Bye Plot"
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Ward, Kimiora. Sierra Nevada Network high elevation white pine monitoring : 2021 annual report. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302327.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Five-needle white pines (Family Pinaceae, Genus Pinus, Subgenus Strobus), and in particular whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), limber pine (P. flexilis), and foxtail pine (P. balfouriana) are foundation species in upper subalpine and treeline forests of several National Park Service Pacific West Region parks, including Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKI) and Yosemite National Park (YOSE). The Sierra Nevada Network Inventory & Monitoring Program, in collaboration with the Klamath Network, Upper Columbia Basin Network, and Mojave Desert Network have implemented a joint long-term monitoring protocol to assess the current status and future trends in high elevation white pine communities. Key demographic parameters within white pine forest communities will be estimated by monitoring individual trees within permanent plots through time. This report documents the results of the 2021 field season, which was the eighth year of monitoring in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKI) and Yosemite National Park (YOSE). The 2021 goal was to complete the third full re-measure of the second of three rotating panels (Panel 2) for each species-park population: YOSE-whitebark pine, SEKI-whitebark pine, and SEKI-foxtail pine. Each panel consists of 12 permanent 50 x 50 m (2,500 m2) plots that were randomly selected for each of the three populations. The full sampling array thus includes a total of 36 whitebark pine plots in YOSE, 36 whitebark pine plots in SEKI, and 36 foxtail pine plots in SEKI. Data from plot surveys will be used to characterize white pine forest community dynamics in SEKI and YOSE, including changes in tree species composition, forest structure, forest health, and demographics. The first full measure of all Panel 2 plots was completed over two years in 2013-2014, then a full remeasure of both parks? whitebark pine Panel 2 was conducted in 2016, with 10 of 12 SEKI-foxtail plots sampled that year. A third remeasure of all Panel 2 plots was not possible in 2021 because a smaller crew size was necessary during the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, the crew visited 37 sites, and sampled 31, during the 2021 field season. One plot in the YOSE whitebark pine frame was uninstalled before reading and one plot in the SEKI whitebark pine frame was uninstalled after reading, both for safety concerns. Four plots were not visited due to lack of capacity with the reduced crew size: one in each of the YOSE and SEKI whitebark frames, and three in the SEKI foxtail frame. A plot from Panel 3 in each of the parks? whitebark frames was measured, for a total of 11 plots measured in each whitebark pine frame. Nine plots were measured in the SEKI foxtail pine frame. Within the 31 plots completed, a total of 5,728 trees was measured. Species composition, forest structure, and factors affecting tree health and reproduction, including incidence and severity of white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) infection, mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) infestation, dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium spp.) infection, canopy kill, female cone production and regeneration were recorded. During the 2021 field season, crews continued to count the total number of mature cones per tree for whitebark and foxtail pine, use crown condition codes to assess crown health, and tag individual seedlings to be tracked through time. All three of these procedures started in 2017 and are to be evaluated by each of the three participating networks over several years, to determine whether they should become permanent changes to the monitoring protocol. In YOSE, 11 whitebark pine plots were re-measured, from Panels 2 and 3. A total of 2,810 trees were sampled, which included 586 live whitebark pine trees and 2,097 other live conifers. An additional 127 trees (including 17 whitebark pine) were recorded as dead. The forest crew noted little sign of white pine blister rust (WPBR) in Yosemite in 2021, and just a single inactive canker was observed on one whitebark pine in Panel 3, Plot 42, near Dana Meadows. This infection was new to plot 42, and it expands the total number of plots where white pine blister rust has been documented in Yosemite to six. The crew also noted little mountain pine beetle activity, documenting beetle galleries on 15 lodgepole pines in three Panel 2 plots. Dwarf mistletoe was not observed. The average number of live whitebark pine trees per plot was 53 (SD = 56). This was a low cone crop year for whitebark pine, with two percent of live whitebark pine trees producing female cones. Cone bearing trees averaged 2 (SD = 1) cones per tree. Whitebark pine seedling density averaged 90 (SD = 157) seedlings per hectare. The largest number of whitebark pine seedlings found in a plot was four, and three of the eleven plots contained whitebark seedlings. In SEKI, 10 of 12 Panel 2, and one Panel 3, whitebark pine plots were re-measured. Within these plots, 1,246 live whitebark pine, 30 live foxtail pine, and 861 other live conifers were sampled. WPBR was infrequently documented in the SEKI whitebark frame as well, with indicators of infection in Plot 31 near Window Creek and Plot 44 near Upper State Lake. These were the first infections documented in these plots, bringing the number of plots where WPBR has been documented in the SEKI whitebark panel to nine. Although WPBR was documented in Plot 27 near Charlotte Dome in 2016, it was not documented this year because putative cankers showing three signs of infection in 2016 showed only two or fewer signs in 2021. Mountain pine beetle activity was observed in one live lodgepole pine and two recently dead whitebark pine, within three plots in the SEKI whitebark sample frame. An exception to the low levels of mountain pine beetle activity was outside Plot 31 in the Window Creek area, where the forest crew noted many recently dead whitebark pine with signs of beetle activity. Dwarf mistletoe was not encountered. The average number of live whitebark pine trees per plot was 113 (SD = 86). Less than one percent of live whitebark pine trees produced female cones, each producing on average 2 (SD = 1) cones. Whitebark seedling regeneration averaged 303 (SD = 319) seedlings per hectare. The largest number of whitebark seedlings found in a plot was eight, and eight of the 11 plots contained whitebark seedlings. Nine of the 12 SEKI foxtail Panel 3 plots were remeasured. Within these plots, 413 live foxtail pine, 67 live whitebark pine, and 402 other live conifers were sampled. Ninety-two dead or recently dead trees were also documented, 65 of which were foxtail pine. No signs of blister rust infection, mistletoe, or mountain pine beetle were observed in the foxtail plots sampled. The average number of foxtail pine trees per plot was 46 (SD = 33). Fifty-four percent of the foxtail pine trees produced female cones, averaging 14 (SD =15) cones/tree. Only one foxtail pine seedling was recorded within the 9 foxtail pine plots, resulting in an estimated 14 (SD = 41) seedlings per hectare. Eight whitebark pine seedlings were also found within two plots.
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Ward, Kimiora. Sierra Nevada Network white pine monitoring : 2022 annual report. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301003.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Five-needle white pines (Family Pinaceae, Genus Pinus, Subgenus Strobus), and in particular whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), limber pine (P. flexilis), and foxtail pine (P. balfouriana) are foundation species in upper subalpine and treeline forests of several National Park Service Pacific West Region parks, including Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKI) and Yosemite National Park (YOSE). The Sierra Nevada Network Inventory & Monitoring Program, in collaboration with the Klamath Network, Upper Columbia Basin Network, and Mojave Desert Network have implemented a joint long-term monitoring protocol to assess the current status and future trends in high elevation white pine communities. Key demographic parameters within white pine forest communities will be estimated by monitoring individual trees within permanent plots through time. This report documents the results of the 2022 field season, which was the ninth year of monitoring in SEKI and YOSE. The 2021 goal was to complete the first full measure of the third of three rotating panels (Panel 3) for each species-park population: YOSE-whitebark pine, SEKI-whitebark pine, and SEKI-foxtail pine. Each panel consists of 12 permanent 50 x 50 m (2,500 m2) plots that were randomly selected for each of the three populations. The full sampling array thus includes a total of 36 whitebark pine plots in YOSE, 36 whitebark pine plots in SEKI, and 36 foxtail pine plots in SEKI. Data from plot surveys will be used to characterize white pine forest community dynamics in SEKI and YOSE, including changes in tree species composition, forest structure, forest health, and demographics. Partial measures of Panel 3 were completed in 2017 (11 plots) in Yosemite whitebark pine, in 2017 (9 plots) in SEKI whitebark pine, and in 2014 (7 plots) and 2017-2018 (8, 1 plots) in foxtail pine. In 2022, the first full measure of all Panel 3 plots (and 2nd or 3rd remeasure of most plots) was successfully completed, and installation was completed on four of these plots in SEKI whitebark pine and two in foxtail pine. In total, the crew visited 36 sites during the 2022 field season, all from Panel 3. Within the 36 completed Panel 1 plots, a total of 6,398 trees were measured. Species composition, forest structure, and factors affecting tree health and reproduction including incidence and severity of white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) infection, mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) infestation, dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium spp.) infection, canopy kill, and female cone production were recorded. During the 2022 field season crews continued to count the total number of mature cones per tree for whitebark and foxtail pine, use crown condition codes to assess crown health, and tag individual seedlings to be tracked through time. All three of these procedures started in 2017 and are to be evaluated by each of the three participating networks over several years, to determine whether they should become permanent changes to the monitoring protocol. In YOSE, all 12 Panel 3 whitebark pine plots were measured. A total of 2,720 trees were sampled, which included 977 live whitebark pine trees and 1,605 other live conifers. An additional 135 trees (including 26 whitebark) were recorded as dead. The average number of live whitebark pine trees per plot was 81 (SD = 94). White pine blister rust (WPBR) aecia were observed on five whitebark pine in one plot in YOSE in 2022, and no trees in any plot had inactive cankers showing three or more indicators of WPBR. WPBR had previously been documented in this plot, so the number of plots where rust has ever been observed in Yosemite remains unchanged at six. However, an infection documented in plot 42 in 2021 was not observed again when the plot was resampled in 2022, so it is possible this number should be five. Mountain pine beetle activity was observed on one live whitebark pine and three live and one dead lodgepole pine in YOSE in 2022. Despite documentation of many stands impacted by beetle attack in the field crew notes, the quantified rate of MPB attack was lower than in 2021. Twenty-one percent of live whitebark pine trees produced female cones. Cone-bearing trees averaged 7 (SD = 10) cones/tree. Whitebark pine seedling density averaged 80 (SD = 152) seedlings per hectare. The largest number of whitebark pine seedlings found in a plot was 51 and five of the twelve plots contained whitebark seedlings. All 12 Panel 3 SEKI whitebark pine plots were measured in 2022, and installation was completed on four of these, so this Panel is now fully installed. Within these plots, 2,179 live whitebark pine, 10 live foxtail pine, and 297 other live conifers were sampled (including 5 live western white pine). The average number of live whitebark pine trees per plot was 181 (SD = 125). Although the crew observed white pine blister rust in seven SEKI whitebark Panel 3 plots, no active cankers (aecia) were observed, and no trees displayed 3 of 5 indicators, so no infections were quantified. Mountain pine beetle activity was observed in 18 live and 23 dead whitebark pine and 1 live and one dead lodgepole pine within three plots in SEKI. Dwarf mistletoe was not encountered. Seven percent of live whitebark pine trees produced female cones. Cone-bearing trees averaged 3.7 (SD = 3.6) cones/tree. Whitebark seedling regeneration averaged 700 (SD = 752) seedlings per hectare. The largest number of whitebark seedlings found in a plot was 19, and two of the 12 plots did not contain any whitebark seedlings. In the foxtail pine Panel 3, all 12 plots were measured in 2022, and installation was completed on two of these, so installation of the panel is now complete. Within these plots we measured 309 live foxtail pine, 302 live whitebark pine, and 380 other live conifers, including four live western white pine. An additional 112 dead or recently dead trees and 22 unidentified snags were also measured, 19 of which were foxtail pine. The average number of foxtail pine trees per plot was 26 (SD = 26). No signs of blister rust infection or mistletoe were observed on foxtail pine. Mountain pine beetle activity was observed on one dead foxtail pine, one live whitebark pine, and seven live and one dead lodgepole pines within four plots. Sixty-two percent of the foxtail pine trees produced female cones. Cone-bearing trees averaged 33 (SD = 53) cones/tree. Seven foxtail pine seedlings were recorded within five plots, resulting in an estimated 72 (SD = 98) seedlings per hectare. Eight whitebark pine seedlings and three lodgepole pine seedlings were also found within three additional plots.
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Epiphan, Jean, et Steven Handel. Trajectory of forest vegetation under contrasting stressors over a 26-year period, at Morristown National Historical Park : Focused condition assessment report. National Park Service, mars 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2297281.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Jockey Hollow section and the New Jersey Brigade Area of Morristown National Historical Park (MORR) are predominantly comprised of upland oak-hickory forests that have regrown over the past 200 years from previous land uses. The forest is being damaged by two major stressors, a large population of white-tailed deer and an abundance of non-native, invasive shrubs and herbaceous species. This study explores changes to the forest over 26 years and suggests management techniques to avoid future degradation. The forest is typical of many upland stands in the region, and studies here would be applicable to many lands controlled by the National Park Service and to many public and private land owners. In 1995, 18 vegetation experimental plots were established in the forest, each 20 x 20 m. Ten plots were in areas that had no non-native, invasive plants. The other eight plots had invasive species. All trees, shrubs and a sampling of herbs were recorded in each of the 18 plots. At that time, no GPS technology was available and handwritten maps were used to record locations. The plots were revisited and resurveyed in 2001; however, only 13 plots were found. This 2021 study is a new survey of the plot conditions. The investigators were able to relocate 17 of the original plots. New GPS locations were recorded for these 17 plots to facilitate future studies. The goal of the study was to test if changes over 26 years in forest conditions differed between the original invaded plots as compared to the uninvaded plots. Also, these data will allow us to measure the progress of invasion into previously uninvaded areas. Together, these results will allow the forest managers to focus attention on the most aggressive plant invaders and to understand the fate of this forest type that is being challenged by deer and non-native plants. Over the last 26 years there has been no hunting for deer here. Also, the plots were not within the few deer exclosures at MORR; deer were able to enter the landscape from surrounding heavily wooded areas. Data were collected in four layers of vegetation – mature trees, saplings, shrubs, and herbaceous groundcovers. The mature trees in the invaded forest plots demonstrated declining trends. The species richness declined by 6%, the average number of trees declined by 30%, white ash and flowering dogwood had the most losses, and basal area did not increase over time because very few new saplings grew into mature tree sizes. The uninvaded plots’ mature trees also revealed a 20% declined in richness, number of trees declined by 18%, the greatest losses occurred for red maple and black birch, but basal area increased slightly due to growth of large persisting trees. Saplings in the invaded forest experienced declines over the 26 years. Species richness declined by 38%, number of native saplings decreased by 44%, and number of invasive saplings increased by 600%. In the uninvaded forest, the conditions and trends were variable. Richness decreased by 21%, no invasive saplings found, number of native saplings increased by 37% (due to increases in American beech). With American beech excluded, the number of native saplings decreased by 60%. In both forest types, the declining number of native saplings was primarily caused by excessive deer damage. For the shrub layer in invaded plots, Japanese barberry stems increased by 122% by 2001 and 276% by 2021. Barberry became the dominant species. Similarly, wineberry stands increased 486% in 2001 and 157% for 2021. It is now the second most common species. However, in the uninvaded plots there was no significant increase in the number of barberry stems and wineberry was not present in 1995 or 2001, and only averaged 1.5 stems per plot in 2021. Neither species has a significant presence now and eradication is possible. A major finding is that the process of invasion of these shrubs over 26 years is very slow. For the herbaceous plants, in the invaded plots there was a sharp decrease in cover by 2021 due to the competitive impact by the abundant invasive shrubs. The invasive Japanese stiltgrass declined 86% in cover and native Carex (sedge) species declined by 78%. In the uninvaded forest plots, stiltgrass was present in very low amounts and did not increase significantly over 26 years. The number of quadrats with any stiltgrass only increased from 3 to 5 over the 26 years. These data show that stiltgrass invades slowly in the uninvaded plots, but in the invaded plots it was greatly replaced by invasive shrubs. Overall, the rate of change of the native herb cover was slow. Together, these data suggest that currently uninvaded forest areas can be protected by monitoring and rigorously eliminating any initial invasions by non-native shrubs and herbs. Once these species reach a significant presence in number of stems or cover in a plot they explode in number. Early intervention when invasive plants first appear is the most practical management tool. Reduction of deer density will also increase the reproductive potential and sustainability of our main forest tree species. Planting of new young canopy tree species, with protection from deer, can retard the ability of invasive plants to begin new populations.
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Wells, Aaron, Tracy Christopherson, Gerald Frost, Matthew Macander, Susan Ives, Robert McNown et Erin Johnson. Ecological land survey and soils inventory for Katmai National Park and Preserve, 2016–2017. National Park Service, septembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287466.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study was conducted to inventory, classify, and map soils and vegetation within the ecosystems of Katmai National Park and Preserve (KATM) using an ecological land survey (ELS) approach. The ecosystem classes identified in the ELS effort were mapped across the park, using an archive of Geo-graphic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) datasets pertaining to land cover, topography, surficial geology, and glacial history. The description and mapping of the landform-vegetation-soil relationships identified in the ELS work provides tools to support the design and implementation of future field- and RS-based studies, facilitates further analysis and contextualization of existing data, and will help inform natural resource management decisions. We collected information on the geomorphic, topographic, hydrologic, pedologic, and vegetation characteristics of ecosystems using a dataset of 724 field plots, of which 407 were sampled by ABR, Inc.—Environmental Research and Services (ABR) staff in 2016–2017, and 317 were from existing, ancillary datasets. ABR field plots were located along transects that were selected using a gradient-direct sampling scheme (Austin and Heligers 1989) to collect data for the range of ecological conditions present within KATM, and to provide the data needed to interpret ecosystem and soils development. The field plot dataset encompassed all of the major environmental gradients and landscape histories present in KATM. Individual state-factors (e.g., soil pH, slope aspect) and other ecosystem components (e.g., geomorphic unit, vegetation species composition and structure) were measured or categorized using standard classification systems developed for Alaska. We described and analyzed the hierarchical relationships among the ecosystem components to classify 92 Plot Ecotypes (local-scale ecosystems) that best partitioned the variation in soils, vegetation, and disturbance properties observed at the field plots. From the 92 Plot Ecotypes, we developed classifications of Map Ecotypes and Disturbance Landscapes that could be mapped across the park. Additionally, using an existing surficial geology map for KATM, we developed a map of Generalized Soil Texture by aggregating similar surficial geology classes into a reduced set of classes representing the predominant soil textures in each. We then intersected the Ecotype map with the General-ized Soil Texture Map in a GIS and aggregated combinations of Map Ecotypes with similar soils to derive and map Soil Landscapes and Soil Great Groups. The classification of Great Groups captures information on the soil as a whole, as opposed to the subgroup classification which focuses on the properties of specific horizons (Soil Survey Staff 1999). Of the 724 plots included in the Ecotype analysis, sufficient soils data for classifying soil subgroups was available for 467 plots. Soils from 8 orders of soil taxonomy were encountered during the field sampling: Alfisols (<1% of the mapped area), Andisols (3%), Entisols (45%), Gelisols (<1%), Histosols (12%), Inceptisols (22%), Mollisols (<1%), and Spodosols (16%). Within these 8 Soil Orders, field plots corresponded to a total of 74 Soil Subgroups, the most common of which were Typic Cryaquents, Typic Cryorthents, Histic Cryaquepts, Vitrandic Cryorthents, and Typic Cryofluvents.
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Bingham, Sonia, Craig Young et Tanni Hubbard. Sentinel wetlands in Cuyahoga Valley National Park : II. Condition trends for wetlands of management concern, 2008?2018. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301705.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Twenty important management areas (wetlands of management concern) and reference wetlands compose the sentinel wetlands at Cuyahoga Valley National Park. These wetlands are monitored more intensively than other wetlands in the program. This is the second report in a two-part series, designed to summarize the results from intensive vegetation surveys completed at sentinel wetlands from 2008 to 2018. The first report (Bingham and Young 2023) characterized the conditions in each wetland and provided baseline reference information for other reports and site-specific projects. In this report, we examine results from five selected metrics more closely within and across three natural wetlands of management concern groups (restoration wetlands, mitigation wetlands, and rare habitat wetlands) using the reference wetlands as overall benchmarks. We used the Ohio Rapid Assessment Method (ORAM) to evaluate habitat in the sentinel wetlands. In addition, a total of 37 long-term sample plots were established within these wetlands to monitor biological conditions over time using vegetation as an indicator. Multiple plots were located in larger wetland complexes to capture spatial differences in condition. Vegetation was intensively surveyed within the plots using the Vegetation Index of Biotic Integrity (VIBI), where all plant species are identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible (genus or species). The sample plots were surveyed twice, and the five evaluation metrics included the VIBI score, Floristic Quality Assessment Index (FQAI), percent sensitive plant species, percent invasive graminoids, and species richness. For the analysis, VIBI plot locations were rank ordered based on their 2018 scores, the range and average for each metric was examined across the wetlands of management concern groups and plotted against reference wetlands for comparison, and the two survey years (pre-2015 and 2018) were plotted against each other for substantial changes from the established baseline. Across the sample plot locations, VIBI scores ranged from a low of 7 (Stanford Run SF1) to a high of 91 (Columbia Run 554). The top scoring plots were at four reference wetlands (Stumpy Basin 526, Virginia Kendall Lake 241K, Columbia Run 554, and Boston Mills 683) and one rare habitat wetland (Beaver Marsh BM3). All of these plots fell within an excellent condition range in one or both survey years. They each have unique habitats with some specialized plant species. The majority (24) of the sentinel wetlands plots ranked within the poor or fair ranges. These include the three mitigation wetlands: Brookside 968, Rockside RS2, and Krejci, as well as all plots within the Pleasant Valley and Stanford Run wetlands. Most of the large wetlands had dramatic condition differences within their boundaries? effected by pollution sources, land-use modifications, and/or invasive species in some areas more than others. We documented these wide condition ranges at Fawn Pond, Virginia Kendall Lake, Beaver Marsh and Stumpy Basin, but the most pronounced within-wetland differences were at Virginia Kendall Lake, which had a 58-point difference between the highest and lowest scoring plot. Fawn Pond is in good condition at most plots and scored very high in comparison to other wetlands within the riverine mainstem hydrogeomorphic class. The average and range of most metric scores were notably different across the four different wetlands groups. Average values at rare habitat wetlands plots were similar to reference plots for VIBI and FQAI scores, percent invasive graminoids, and percent sensitive metrics. Krejci KR1 and Fawn Pond FP3 had unusually high percent cover of sensitive species (31.0% and 27.9%, respectively) for the mitigation and restoration groupings. However, average overall metric scores across the restoration and mitigation wetlands were generally very low, with Stanford Run being the lowest scoring restoration wetland and Brookside being the lowest scoring mitigation wetland. With restoration efforts completed, the expectation is that mitigation wetlands should be performing much higher. Two of the three mitigation wetlands sites are not meeting the mitigation benchmarks that were created for them by the US Army Corp of Engineers and the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. Contractor reports state that the wetlands met the criteria within the first five years of establishment. However, upon release from monitoring and maintenance, invasive species have gradually re-established, which has led to condition deterioration over time, and lower metric scores. VIBI scores stayed the same or improved (only slightly in many cases) in the majority of plots (67.6%) between survey years. The Krecji mitigation wetlands had the largest improvement in VIBI scoring. Scores at six plots decreased by at least 10 points from the baseline survey. Two of the park?s most beloved wetlands, Beaver Marsh (at one location) and the Stumpy Basin reference plot, had the two most notable declines in VIBI scores. In 2018, 11 plots (29.7%) had greater than 25% invasive graminoid cover (e.g. cattail, common reed grass, reed canary grass) and 18 plots (48.7%) experienced an increase in invasive graminoid cover between survey years. A marked increase (>10% cover) in invasive graminoids was documented at eight locations (Rockside 1079RS2, Beaver Marsh BM5, Fawn Pond FP3 and FP4, Brookside 968, Stumpy Basin SB1, and two other Pleasant Valley plots: 1049 and 969). These trends are likely to continue, and biological conditions are expected to deteriorate at these wetlands in response. Regardless of invasive species increases, many of the wetlands showed remarkable resilience over the last decade with fairly stable VIBI categories.
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Sartain, Bradley, Erika Haug, Kurt Getsinger, Benjamin Sperry, Mark Heilman et Mike Greer. Small plot applications of florpyrauxifen–benzyl (Procellacor SC™) for control of monoecious hydrilla in Roanoke Rapids Lake, NC. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), mai 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47115.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Four demonstration plots were selected at Roanoke Rapids Lake, NC to evaluate water exchange and aqueous herbicide residues in stands of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) following treatment with rhodamine wt dye and florpyrauxifen-benzyl to control monecious hydrilla. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl (Procellacor™ SC) was applied in combination with Rhodamine WT (RWT) at two of the plots. Dye measurements and herbicide residue samples were collected at specific time intervals to draw comparisons between herbicide and RWT dye dissipation. The two additional plots served as reference plots to the treatment plots. Pre- and post-treatment vegetation surveys were conducted to evaluate monoecious hydrilla control and non-target species response. RWT dye and herbicide residue data indicated rapid water exchange was occurring with each treatment plot. As a result, florpyrauxifen-benzyl concentration and exposure times (CETs) towards monoecious hydrilla were not sufficient to achieve adequate control by 4 weeks after treatment (WAT). To reduce the impact of hydraulic complexity and improve herbicide efficacy, treatments should coincide with minimal reservoir discharge events to extend herbicide CET relationships. Evaluations of florpyrauxifen-benzyl on late season, mature plants may have impacted herbicide efficacy. Evaluations should be conducted earlier in the growing season, on young, actively growing plants, to discern potential differences in efficacy due to treatment timing and phenology. More information on herbicide concentration and exposure time relationships for monoecious hydrilla should be developed in growth chamber and mesocosm settings to improve species selective management of monoecious hydrilla in hydrodynamic reservoirs.
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Bortz, Tyler, Molly Davis et Ryan Manuel. Plant community composition and structure monitoring at Fort Laramie National Historic Site : 2020 data report. National Park Service, avril 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293003.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This report presents the results of vegetation monitoring efforts in 2020 at Fort Laramie National Historic Site (FOLA) by the Northern Great Plains Inventory and Monitoring Network (NGPN) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). This was the tenth year of combined monitoring efforts. Crew members from USGS visited 9 long-term monitoring plots to collect data on the plant communities at FOLA. This work is part of a long-term monitoring effort designed to provide a better understanding of the condition of the vegetation community at FOLA and how it changes over time. USGS staff measured species richness, herb-layer height, native and non-native species abundance, ground cover, and site disturbance at each of the nine plots. In plots where woody species were present, tree regeneration, tall shrub density, tree density, and woody fuel loads were also measured. Data collection at seven plots was incomplete, where only point-intercept, site disturbance, and invasive species presence data were collected, while in two plots the previously listed protocols as well as the quadrat protocol were performed. In 2020, the monitoring crews identified 44 unique plant species in 9 monitoring plots. Of those species, 19 were exotic species. In a majority of plots (5 of 9), there was a greater percent of native species cover compared to exotic species cover. However, exotic plants were found at every plot in FOLA. No rare species were observed during our surveys
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Haefele, Noah, et Louis Dupret. Remediated for accessibility per Section 508. National Park Service, avril 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2295520.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This report presents the results of vegetation monitoring efforts in 2022 at Agate Fossil Beds National Monument (AGFO) by the Northern Great Plains Inventory and Monitoring Network (NGPN) and the Northern Great Plains Fire Ecology Program (NGPFire). This was the tenth year of combined monitoring efforts. In 2022, crew members from NGPN visited 6 long-term plant community monitoring (PCM) plots to collect data on the upland mixed-grass prairie plant communities at AGFO. This work is part of a long-term monitoring program established to better understand the condition of the vegetation community and how it changes over time. NGPN staff collected species richness, herb-layer height, native and non-native species abundance, ground cover, and site disturbance data at each plot. The NGPFire crew visited an additional 11 PCM and Fire Plant Community Monitoring (FPCM) plots in the North Carnegie, River-North, River-Middle, and River-South Burn Units to better understand the effects of prescribed fire on vegetation. In 2012, NGPN began monitoring plots within the riparian corridor of the Niobrara River. This year, NGPN evaluated 12 riparian community monitoring (RCM) plots. In 2022, the monitoring crews identified 130 unique plant species in 29 monitoring plots. Of these species, 29 are exotic species for the park. We observed two species, Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) and musk thistle (Carduus nutans), that are noxious in the state of Nebraska. Pale yellow iris (Iris pseudacorus), an exotic species of concern for the park, was observed at 8 of the 13 RCM plots monitored. The majority of upland and riparian plots had more native than exotic absolute cover. The most commonly observed disturbance was soil disturbance.
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Davis, Molly. Plant community composition and structure monitoring at Scotts Bluff National Monument : 2022 data report. National Park Service, avril 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2295542.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This report presents the results of vegetation monitoring efforts in 2022 at Scotts Bluff National Monument (SCBL) by the Northern Great Plains Inventory and Monitoring Network (NGPN) and Fire Ecology Program (NGPFire). NGPN began vegetation monitoring at SCBL in 2011, and this was the twelfth year of combined monitoring efforts between NGPN and NGPFire at SCBL. NGPN did not visit SCBL in 2020 or 2021 due to travel restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, NGPFire was able to do vegetation monitoring at SCBL during these two years. Crew members from NGPN visited eight long-term monitoring plots to collect data on the plant communities at SCBL. This work is part of a long-term monitoring effort designed to provide a better understanding of the condition of the vegetation community and how it changes over time. NGPN staff measured species richness, herb-layer height, native and non-native species abundance, ground cover, and site disturbance at each of the plots. In plots where woody species were present, tree regeneration, tall shrub density, tree density, and woody fuel loads were also measured. The NGPFire crew visited an additional seven plots in the Eagle Rock and North Platte burn units to better understand the effects of prescribed fire on vegetation. The NGPFire crew measured herb-layer height, native and non-native species abundance, ground cover, and site disturbance at each of the plots. The NGPFire crew conducted one prescribed fire in 2022, in the Eagle Rock burn unit, on April 25, 2022. In 2022, the monitoring crews identified 73 unique plant species in 15 monitoring plots. Of those species, 12 were exotic species. Two species considered rare in Nebraska were observed in the plots, including spotted fritillary, Fritillaria atropurpurea. At every plot except for two, the absolute cover of native species was greater than the absolute cover of exotic species. Monitoring crews collected tree regeneration data in three plots and found one species of seedling (chokecherry) and one species of adult tree (Rocky Mountain juniper). Ground disturbances, observed in fourteen of the fifteen plots, included animal use, prescribed fire, erosion, and soil disturbance
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Soloviev, Vladimir, Oleksandr Serdiuk, Serhiy Semerikov et Arnold Kiv. Recurrence plot-based analysis of financial-economic crashes. [б. в.], octobre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4121.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The article considers the possibility of analyzing the dynamics of changes in the characteristics of time series obtained on the basis of recurrence plots. The possibility of using the studied indicators to determine the presence of critical phenomena in economic systems is considered. Based on the analysis of economic time series of different nature, the suitability of the studied characteristics for the identification of critical phenomena is assessed. The description of recurrence diagrams and characteristics of time series that can be obtained on their basis is given. An analysis of seven characteristics of time series, including the coefficient of self-similarity, the coefficient of predictability, entropy, laminarity, is carried out. For the entropy characteristic, several options for its calculation are considered, each of which allows the one to get its own information about the state of the economic system. The possibility of using the studied characteristics as precursors of critical phenomena in economic systems is analyzed. We have demonstrated that the entropy analysis of financial time series in phase space reveals the characteristic recurrent properties of complex systems. The recurrence entropy methodology has several advantages compared to the traditional recurrence entropy defined in the literature, namely, the correct evaluation of the chaoticity level of the signal, the weak dependence on parameters. The characteristics were studied on the basis of daily values of the Dow Jones index for the period from 1990 to 2019 and daily values of oil prices for the period from 1987 to 2019. The behavior of recurrence entropy during critical phenomena in the stock markets of the USA, Germany and France was studied separately. As a result of the study, it was determined that delay time measure, determinism and laminarity can be used as indicators of critical phenomena. It turned out that recurrence entropy, unlike other entropy indicators of complexity, is an indicator and an early precursor of crisis phenomena. The ways of further research are outlined.