Bibliographies thématiques / BVOC emission

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « BVOC emission »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "BVOC emission"

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Ghirardo, Andrea, Junfei Xie, Xunhua Zheng, Yuesi Wang, Rüdiger Grote, Katja Block, Jürgen Wildt et al. « Urban stress-induced biogenic VOC emissions and SOA-forming potentials in Beijing ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no 5 (7 mars 2016) : 2901–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2901-2016.

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Abstract. Trees can significantly impact the urban air chemistry by the uptake and emission of reactive biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which are involved in ozone and particle formation. Here we present the emission potentials of "constitutive" (cBVOCs) and "stress-induced" BVOCs (sBVOCs) from the dominant broadleaf woody plant species in the megacity of Beijing. Based on the municipal tree census and cuvette BVOC measurements on leaf level, we built an inventory of BVOC emissions, and assessed the potential impact of BVOCs on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in 2005 and 2010, i.e., before and after realizing the large tree-planting program for the 2008 Olympic Games. We found that sBVOCs, such as fatty acid derivatives, benzenoids, and sesquiterpenes, constituted a significant fraction ( ∼ 40 %) of the total annual BVOC emissions, and we estimated that the overall annual BVOC budget may have doubled from ∼ 4.8 × 109 g C year−1 in 2005 to ∼ 10.3 × 109 g C year−1 in 2010 due to the increase in urban greening, while at the same time the emission of anthropogenic VOCs (AVOCs) decreased by 24 %. Based on the BVOC emission assessment, we estimated the biological impact on SOA mass formation potential in Beijing. Constitutive and stress-induced BVOCs might produce similar amounts of secondary aerosol in Beijing. However, the main contributors of SOA-mass formations originated from anthropogenic sources (> 90 %). This study demonstrates the general importance to include sBVOCs when studying BVOC emissions. Although the main problems regarding air quality in Beijing still originate from anthropogenic activities, the present survey suggests that in urban plantation programs, the selection of low-emitting plant species has some potential beneficial effects on urban air quality.
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Yu, H., J. K. Holopainen, M. Kivimäenpää, A. Virtanen et J. D. Blande. « Potential of Climate Change and Herbivory to Affect the Release and Atmospheric Reactions of BVOCs from Boreal and Subarctic Forests ». Molecules 26, no 8 (15 avril 2021) : 2283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082283.

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Compared to most other forest ecosystems, circumpolar boreal and subarctic forests have few tree species, and are prone to mass outbreaks of herbivorous insects. A short growing season with long days allows rapid plant growth, which will be stimulated by predicted warming of polar areas. Emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) from soil and vegetation could be substantial on sunny and warm days and biotic stress may accelerate emission rates. In the atmosphere, BVOCs are involved in various gas-phase chemical reactions within and above forest canopies. Importantly, the oxidation of BVOCs leads to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. SOA particles scatter and absorb solar radiation and grow to form cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and participate in cloud formation. Through BVOC and moisture release and SOA formation and condensation processes, vegetation has the capacity to affect the abiotic environment at the ecosystem scale. Recent BVOC literature indicates that both temperature and herbivory have a major impact on BVOC emissions released by woody species. Boreal conifer forest is the largest terrestrial biome and could be one of the largest sources of biogenic mono- and sesquiterpene emissions due to the capacity of conifer trees to store terpene-rich resins in resin canals above and belowground. Elevated temperature promotes increased diffusion of BVOCs from resin stores. Moreover, insect damage can break resin canals in needles, bark, and xylem and cause distinctive bursts of BVOCs during outbreaks. In the subarctic, mountain birch forests have cyclic outbreaks of Geometrid moths. During outbreaks, trees are often completely defoliated leading to an absence of BVOC-emitting foliage. However, in the years following an outbreak there is extended shoot growth, a greater number of leaves, and greater density of glandular trichomes that store BVOCs. This can lead to a delayed chemical defense response resulting in the highest BVOC emission rates from subarctic forest in the 1–3 years after an insect outbreak. Climate change is expected to increase insect outbreaks at high latitudes due to warmer seasons and arrivals of invasive herbivore species. Increased BVOC emission will affect tropospheric ozone (O3) formation and O3 induced oxidation of BVOCs. Herbivore-induced BVOC emissions from deciduous and coniferous trees are also likely to increase the formation rate of SOA and further growth of the particles in the atmosphere. Field experiments measuring the BVOC emission rates, SOA formation rate and particle concentrations within and above the herbivore attacked forest stands are still urgently needed.
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Situ, S., A. Guenther, X. Wang, X. Jiang, A. Turnipseed, Z. Wu, G. Zhou, J. Bai et X. Wang. « Impacts of seasonal and regional variability in biogenic VOC emissions on surface ozone in the Pearl River Delta region, China ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no 3 (13 mars 2013) : 6729–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-6729-2013.

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Abstract. In this study, the BVOC emissions in November 2010 over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region in southern China have been estimated by the latest version of a Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound (BVOC) emission model (MEGAN v2.1). The evaluation of MEGAN performance at a representative forest site within this region indicates MEGAN can estimate BVOC emissions reasonably well in this region except overestimating isoprene emission in autumn for reasons that are discussed in this manuscript. Along with the output from MEGAN, the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) is used to estimate the impacts of BVOC emissions on surface ozone in the PRD region. The results show BVOC emissions increase the daytime ozone peak by ~3 ppb on average, and the max hourly impacts of BVOC emissions on the daytime ozone peak is 24.8 ppb. Surface ozone mixing ratios in the central area of Guangzhou-Foshan and the western Jiangmen are most sensitive to BVOC emissions BVOCs from outside and central PRD influence the central area of Guangzhou-Foshan and the western Jiangmen significantly while BVOCs from rural PRD mainly influence the western Jiangmen. The impacts of BVOC emissions on surface ozone differ in different PRD cities, and the impact varies in different seasons. Foshan and Jiangmen being most affected in autumn, result in 6.0 ppb and 5.5 ppb increases in surface ozone concentrations, while Guangzhou and Huizhou become more affected in summer. Three additional experiments concerning the sensitivity of surface ozone to MEGAN input variables show that surface ozone is more sensitive to landcover change, followed by emission factors and meteorology.
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Li, M., X. Huang, J. Li et Y. Song. « Estimation of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions from the terrestrial ecosystem in China using real-time remote sensing data ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no 3 (2 mars 2012) : 6551–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-6551-2012.

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Abstract. Because of the high emission rate and reactivity, biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) play a significant role in the terrestrial ecosystems, human health, secondary pollution, global climate change and the global carbon cycle. Past estimations of BVOC emissions in China were based on outdated algorithms and coarsely resolved meteorological data, and there have been significant inconsistences between the land surface parameters of dynamic models and those of BVOC estimation models, leading to large inaccuracies in the estimated results. To refine BVOC emission estimations for China and to further explore the role of BVOCs in the atmosphere, we used the latest algorithms of MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature), with MM5 (the Fifth-Generation Mesoscale Model) providing highly resolved meteorological data, to estimate the biogenic emissions of isoprene (C5H8) and seven monoterpene species (C10H16) in 2006. Real-time MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data were introduced to update the land surface parameters and to improve the simulation performance of MM5, and to determine the influence of leaf area index (LAI) and leaf age deviation from standard conditions. In this study, the annual BVOC emissions for the whole country totaled 12.97 Tg C, a relevant value compared with past studies. Therein, the most important individual contributor was isoprene (9.36 Tg C yr−1), followed by α-pinene (1.24 Tg C yr−1) and β-pinene (0.84 Tg C yr−1). Due to the considerable regional disparity in plant distributions and meteorological conditions across China, BVOC emissions presented significant spatial and temporal variations. Spatially, isoprene emission was concentrated in South China, which is covered by large areas of broadleaf forests and shrubs. While Southeast China was the top-ranking contributor of monoterpenes, in which the dominant vegetation genera consist of evergreen coniferous forests. Temporally, BVOC emissions primarily occurred in July and August, with daily emissions peaking at about 13:00∼14:00 h (Beijing Time, BJT). In this study, we present an improved estimation of BVOC emissions, which provides important information for further exploration of the role of BVOCs in atmospheric processes.
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Ghirardo, A., J. Xie, X. Zheng, Y. Wang, R. Grote, K. Block, J. Wildt et al. « Urban stress-induced biogenic VOC emissions impact secondary aerosol formation in Beijing ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no 16 (27 août 2015) : 23005–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-23005-2015.

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Abstract. Trees can significantly impact the urban air chemistry by the uptake and emission of reactive biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which are involved in ozone and particle formation. Here we present the emission potentials of "constitutive" (cBVOCs) and "stress-induced" BVOCs (sBVOCs) from the dominant broadleaf woody plant species in the megacity of Beijing. Based on an inventory of BVOC emissions and the tree census, we assessed the potential impact of BVOCs on secondary particulate matter formation in 2005 and 2010, i.e., before and after realizing the large tree-planting program for the 2008 Olympic Games. We found that sBVOCs, such as fatty acid derivatives, benzenoids and sesquiterpenes, constituted a significant fraction (∼ 15 %) of the total annual BVOC emissions, and we estimated that the overall annual BVOC budget may have doubled from ∼ 3.6 × 109 g C year-1 in 2005 to ∼ 7.1 × 109 g C year-1 in 2010 due to the increase in urban greens, while at the same time, the emission of anthropogenic VOCs (AVOCs) could be lowered by 24 %. Based on our BVOC emission assessment, we estimated the biological impact on SOA mass formation in Beijing. Compared to AVOCs, the contribution of biogenic precursors (2–5 %) for secondary particulate matter in Beijing was low. However, sBVOCs can significantly contribute (∼ 40 %) to the formation of total secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from biogenic sources; apparently, their annual emission increased from 1.05 μg m-3 in 2005 to 2.05 μg m-3 in 2010. This study demonstrates that biogenic and, in particular, sBVOC emissions contribute to SOA formation in megacities. However, the main problems regarding air quality in Beijing still originate from anthropogenic activities. Nevertheless, the present survey suggests that in urban plantation programs, the selection of plant species with low cBVOC and sBVOC emission potentials have some possible beneficial effects on urban air quality.
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Situ, S., A. Guenther, X. Wang, X. Jiang, A. Turnipseed, Z. Wu, J. Bai et X. Wang. « Impacts of seasonal and regional variability in biogenic VOC emissions on surface ozone in the Pearl River delta region, China ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no 23 (5 décembre 2013) : 11803–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-11803-2013.

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Abstract. This study investigated the impacts of seasonal and regional variability in biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) on surface ozone over the Pearl River delta (PRD) region in southern China in 2010 with the WRF–Chem/MEGAN (Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with Chemistry/Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature) modeling system. Compared to observations in the literature and this study, MEGAN tends to predict reasonable BVOC emissions in summer, but may overestimate isoprene emissions in autumn, even when the local high-resolution land-cover data and observed emission factors of BVOCs from local plant species are combined to constrain the MEGAN BVOC emissions model. With the standard MEGAN output, it is shown that the impact of BVOC emissions on the surface ozone peak is ~3 ppb on average with a maximum of 24.8 ppb over the PRD region in autumn, while the impact is ~10 ppb on average, with a maximum value of 34.0 ppb in summer. The areas where surface ozone is sensitive to BVOC emissions are different in autumn and in summer, which is primarily due to the change of prevailing wind over the PRD; nevertheless, in both autumn and summer, the surface ozone is most sensitive to the BVOC emissions in the urban area because the area is usually VOC-limited. Three additional experiments concerning the sensitivity of surface ozone to MEGAN input variables were also performed to assess the sensitivity of surface ozone to MEGAN drivers, and the results reveal that land cover and emission factors of BVOCs are the most important drivers and have large impacts on the predicted surface ozone.
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Panthee, Shristee, Louise A. Ashton, Akira Tani, Bimal Sharma et Akihiro Nakamura. « Mechanical Branch Wounding Alters the BVOC Emission Patterns of Ficus Plants ». Forests 13, no 11 (16 novembre 2022) : 1931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13111931.

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Tree leaves emit biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in response to mechanical wounding by insect folivores. However, BVOCs are also released from leaves in response to damage to other tree organs. In this study, we hypothesized that if trees utilize BVOCs to defend against leaf herbivory, BVOCs emitted in response to leaf wounding would be different from those emitted in response to other types of mechanical damage. To test this hypothesis, we measured BVOCs emitted from the leaves of four Ficus species in response to leaf-cutting, branch-cutting, leaf-branch-cutting, and control (constitutive BVOCs). We found that leaf-cutting triggered the emission of BVOCs, but their emission patterns were species-specific, and the overall BVOC composition did not significantly differ from that of constitutive BVOCs. In contrast, branch-cutting triggered the emission of many BVOCs, some known as parasitoid attractants and herbivore deterrents. Our study suggests that plant defense mediated by BVOCs is highly species-specific and not effective for attracting herbivore enemies when unrelated disturbances such as tree falls and windstorms occur. Additionally, we recommend avoiding ex situ BVOC sampling of cut plants, as this method alters BVOC emission patterns from both intact and damaged leaves.
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Li, De Wen, Yi Shi, Xing Yuan He et Guang Yu Chi. « Seasonal Variations of BVOCs Emission from Ginkgo biloba Linn in Urban Area ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (juillet 2011) : 2891–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.2891.

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In this study, seasonal biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emission rates and emission patterns of Ginkgo biloba linn are estimated. The released volatiles were collected from branches onto cartridges filled with Tenax TA, and quantified by thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The result showed that the main BVOCs emitted from Ginkgo biloba linn were alkanes, aldehydes, alkenes, aromatic compounds, esters, terpenes and ketones. The total BVOC emission rate increased from May, and reached its maximum 27.96 μg C g-1dw h-1 in July, then decreased quickly. The emissions of α-pinene, isoprene, cyclohexane, methyl-cyclohexane and 2-methyl-hexane were significantly correlated to both temperature (p<0.05) and light (p<0.05).
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Makkonen, R., A. Asmi, V. M. Kerminen, M. Boy, A. Arneth, A. Guenther et M. Kulmala. « BVOC-aerosol-climate interactions in the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5.5-HAM2 ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no 21 (2 novembre 2012) : 10077–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-10077-2012.

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Abstract. The biosphere emits volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) which, after oxidation in the atmosphere, can partition on the existing aerosol population or even form new particles. The large quantities emitted provide means for a large potential impact on both aerosol direct and indirect effects. Biogenic responses to atmospheric temperature change can establish feedbacks even in rather short timescales. However, due to the complexity of organic aerosol partitioning, even the sign of these feedbacks is of large uncertainty. We use the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5.5-HAM2 to explore the effect of BVOC emissions on new particle formation, clouds and climate. Two BVOC emission models, MEGAN2 and LPJ-GUESS, are used. MEGAN2 shows a 25% increase while LPJ-GUESS shows a slight decrease in global BVOC emission between years 2000 and 2100. The change of shortwave cloud forcing from year 1750 to 2000 ranges from −1.4 to −1.8 W m−2 with 5 different nucleation mechanisms. We show that the change in shortwave cloud forcing from the year 2000 to 2100 ranges from 1.0 to 1.5 W m−2. Although increasing future BVOC emissions provide 3–5% additional CCN, the effect on the cloud albedo change is modest. Due to simulated decreases in future cloud cover, the increased CCN concentrations from BVOCs can not provide significant additional cooling in the future.
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Bachy, Aurélie, Marc Aubinet, Niels Schoon, Crist Amelynck, Bernard Bodson, Christine Moureaux et Bernard Heinesch. « Are BVOC exchanges in agricultural ecosystems overestimated ? Insights from fluxes measured in a maize field over a whole growing season ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no 8 (28 avril 2016) : 5343–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5343-2016.

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Abstract. Although maize is the second most important crop worldwide, and the most important C4 crop, no study on biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) has yet been conducted on this crop at ecosystem scale and over a whole growing season. This has led to large uncertainties in cropland BVOC emission estimations. This paper seeks to fill this gap by presenting, for the first time, BVOC fluxes measured in a maize field at ecosystem scale (using the disjunct eddy covariance by mass scanning technique) over a whole growing season in Belgium. The maize field emitted mainly methanol, although exchanges were bi-directional. The second most exchanged compound was acetic acid, which was taken up mainly in the growing season. Bi-directional exchanges of acetaldehyde, acetone and other oxygenated VOCs also occurred, whereas the terpenes, benzene and toluene exchanges were small, albeit significant. Surprisingly, BVOC exchanges were of the same order of magnitude on bare soil and on well developed vegetation, suggesting that soil is a major BVOC reservoir in agricultural ecosystems. Quantitatively, the maize BVOC emissions observed were lower than those reported in other maize, crops and grasses studies. The standard emission factors (SEFs) estimated in this study (231 ± 19 µg m−2 h−1 for methanol, 8 ± 5 µg m−2 h−1 for isoprene and 4 ± 6 µg m−2 h−1 for monoterpenes) were also much lower than those currently used by models for C4 crops, particularly for terpenes. These results suggest that maize fields are small BVOC exchangers in north-western Europe, with a lower BVOC emission impact than that modelled for growing C4 crops in this part of the world. They also reveal the high variability in BVOC exchanges across world regions for maize and suggest that SEFs should be estimated for each region separately.
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Thèses sur le sujet "BVOC emission"

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Copeland, Nichola. « Fluxes and mixing ratios of biogenic volatile organic compounds in temperate plant canopies ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8003.

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Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) are a wide-ranging group of trace gas components in the atmosphere which are emitted naturally from Earth’s surface. It is now recognised that biogenically sourced VOCs are far more significant on a global scale than those from anthropogenic sources, with up to 10 times greater emissions. Very few field-based studies of fluxes from plant canopies have been undertaken, particularly for non-terpenoid compounds. This thesis presents mixing ratio and flux measurements of BVOC from a range of temperate plant canopies: Douglas fir, short-rotation coppice willow, Miscanthus and mixed peatland vegetation. The virtual disjunct eddy covariance technique (vDEC) using a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) as a fast VOC sensor was used for all measurements except for peatlands, where grab samples were collected on adsorbent sampling tubes for later chromatographic analysis. The PTR-MS was also utilised for measuring the rate of degradation of VOCs during laboratory chamber experiments. Mixing ratios and fluxes of VOCs measured within and above a Douglas fir forest were the first canopy-scale measurements for this species. Fluxes of monoterpenes were comparable to previous studies while isoprene was also detected (standard emissions factors up to 1.15 μg gdw -1 h-1 and 0.18 μg gdw -1 h-1, respectively). Emissions of oxygenated VOCs were also found to be significant, highlighting the importance of quantifying a wider variety of VOCs from biogenic sources, other than isoprene and monoterpenes. Results for bioenergy crops Miscanthus and willow showed that willow was a high isoprene emitter (20 μg gdw -1 h-1), but no measureable VOCs were detected from Miscanthus. This indicates that future expansion of bioenergy crops, and hence species selection, should take resultant air quality and human health impacts – due to changing VOC emissions – into account. Fluxes of BVOC from a Scottish peatland are the first reported measurements for this ecosystem in a temperate climate. Additionally, to assess the impact of nitrogen deposition on VOC fluxes, BVOC measurements were taken from sample plots in a pre-existing, long-term field manipulation study to assess impacts of wet nitrate or ammonium deposition on peatland. The peatland was found to be a significant source of isoprene and monoterpenes (590 and 1.5 μg m-2 h-1 respectively) and there was evidence that emissions were affected by wet nitrogen treatment. Isoprene emissions were reduced by both nitrate and ammonium treatment, while nitrate increased β- pinene fluxes. Increasing atmospheric nitrogen concentrations are therefore predicted to have an impact on VOC emission. Chamber studies showed that the rate of loss of α-pinene from the gas-phase during oxidation – and hence potential formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) – decreased with increasing isoprene mixing ratio. This was not observed for limonene. These results show that as isoprene mixing ratios increase with increasing global temperatures, negative feedback on radiative forcing from SOA particles may be suppressed. Results from this thesis provide valuable experimental data for a range of temperate plant canopies, which will help constrain modelled predictions of future VOC emissions. Additionally, the importance of understanding the effects of land use and environmental change on VOC emissions was demonstrated.
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Camenzuli, Michelle. « The effect of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide mixing ratios on the emission of Volatile organic compounds from Corymbia citriodora and Tristaniopsis laurina ». Master's thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/45386.

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Thesis (MSc) -- Macquarie University, Division of Environmental and Life Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, 2008.
Bibliography: p. 120-124.
Introduction -- Environmental factors affecting the emission of biogenic Volatile organic compounds -- Materials and experimental procedures -- Quantification using sold-phase microextraction in a dynamic system: technique development -- The emission profile of Tristaniopsis laurina -- Study of the effect of elevated atmospheric CO₂ levels on the emission of BVOCS from Australian native plants -- Conclusions and future work.
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) emitted by plants can affect the climate and play important roles in the chemistry of the troposphere. As ambient atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels are rapidly increasing knowledge of the effect of elevated atmospheric CO₂ on plant BVOC emissions is necessary for the development of global climate models. -- During this study, the effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 mixing ratios on BVOC emissions from Corymbia citriodora (Lemon Scented Gum) and Tristaniopsis laurina (Water Gum) was determined for the first time through the combination of Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME), Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionisation Detection (GC-FID), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and an environment chamber. For C. citriodora elevated atmospheric CO₂ led to a decrease in the emission rate of α-pinene, β-pinene, eucalyptol, citronellal and β-caryophyllene, however, elevated CO₂ had no effect on the emission rate of citronellol. The emission profile of T. laurina has been determined for the first time. For T. laurina elevated CO₂ led to a decrease in the emission rate of α-pinene but the emission rates of β-pinene, limonene, eucalyptol and citronellol were unaffected. The results obtained in this work confirm that the effect of elevated atmospheric CO₂ on plant BVOC emissions is species-specific.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
124 leaves ill. (some col.)
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Bsaibes, Sandy. « Characterization of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and their OH reactivity in various agro-ecosystems ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV093.

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Le radical hydroxyle OH est le principal oxydant dans la troposphère, mais ses puits restent encore difficiles à quantifier. L’un de ses principaux puits, est l’oxydation des Composés Organiques Volatils (COVs), composés provenant principalement de sources naturelles, à l’échelle du globe. Ils comprennent une grande variété d’espèces chimiques avec des réactivités très variables vis-à-vis des radicaux OH. Mesurer la réactivité OH totale, permet d’évaluer la charge en espèces réactives et d’estimer l’importance des espèces non mesurées/ non connues. Dans ce contexte, ce travail de thèse a d’abord visé d’optimiser la CRM ou « Comparative Reactivity Method », pour la mesure de la réactivité OH. Une fois les performances vérifiées, la CRM a été déployée dans deux écosystèmes : forestier et agricole. Les mesures de réactivité OH dans une forêt de pins maritimes ont montré des maximas de nuit arrivant jusqu’à 99 s-1 dans la canopée ; des niveaux se situant dans la limite supérieure de ce qui a été précédemment vu en sites forestiers. Des réactivités plus faibles, ne dépassant pas les 20- 30 s-1 en milieu de journée, ont été observées dans un champ agricole, en sortie d’une chambre dynamique de colza, en milieu de floraison. Dans ces deux écosystèmes, une différence a été trouvée entre la réactivité mesurée et celle calculée à partir des composés gazeux mesurés individuellement. Elle indique la présence d’une fraction manquante de composés primaires et secondaires non mesurés/ non identifiés. Ces travaux ont également mis en évidence l’importance de déterminer la spéciation des monoterpènes. Ceci nous a motivé à, optimiser et déployer un système de FastGC/ PTR-MS dans une forêt de chênes verts, ce qui nous a permis de suivre avec une haute résolution temporelle le cycle diurne des principaux monoterpènes, dont l’émission dépend du type de chêne ainsi que de la lumière
The hydroxyl radical OH is the most powerful oxidant in the troposphere, however, characterizing its sinks remains a challenge. One important OH sink, is the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), mainly released from biogenic sources, on the global scale. VOCs include a wide variety of chemical species with different lifetimes towards OH. Measuring OH reactivity is a useful tool to evaluate the loading in reactive species and to estimate the amplitude of unmeasured/unidentified compounds. In this context, this PhD work aimed to build and optimize a CRM or Comparative Reactivity method instrument for OH reactivity measurements. Afterwards, the CRM was deployed in a forest and an agricultural ecosystem. OH reactivity in a maritime pine forest showed maxima during night, reaching 99 s-1 inside the canopy, among the highest in forest environments. Relatively lower levels (max 20-30 s-1 at mid-day), were recorded from a dynamic chamber, during the blooming season of a rapeseed field. In these ecosystems, a difference was obtained between measured and calculated OH reactivity from measured compounds. It highlights the presence of a missing fraction of unmeasured primary and secondary compounds. These experiments demonstrate the importance of a detailed information on monoterpenes chemical speciation. In this perspective, a FastGC/PTR-MS system was optimized and deployed in a green oak forest. It allowed to monitor, with a fine time resolution, diurnal cyles of the main monoterpenes, which emissions are dependent on the tree type and on solar radiation
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CARRIERO, GIULIA. « Ozone and climate change impacts on forest ecosystems ». Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1027850.

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The increase of tropospheric ozone pollution is affecting forest ecosystems as climate change. This thesis reports the interactions of plant responses to ozone and soil nutrients considering implications for future climate change. The study focuses on mechanisms of action of: ozone pollution on tree functionality and ozone and soil nutrients on BVOC emitted by vegetation
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "BVOC emission"

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Niinemets, Ülo, Paolo Ciccioli, Steffen M. Noe et Markus Reichstein. « Scaling BVOC Emissions from Leaf to Canopy and Landscape : How Different Are Predictions Based on Contrasting Emission Algorithms ? » Dans Tree Physiology, 357–90. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6606-8_13.

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Rosenkranz, Maaria, et Jörg-Peter Schnitzler. « Genetic Engineering of BVOC Emissions from Trees ». Dans Tree Physiology, 95–118. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6606-8_4.

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Sonwani, Saurabh, Pallavi Saxena et Umesh Kulshrestha. « Role of Global Warming and Plant Signaling in BVOC Emissions ». Dans Plant Responses to Air Pollution, 45–57. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1201-3_5.

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Calfapietra, Carlo, Emanuele Pallozzi, Ilaria Lusini et Violeta Velikova. « Modification of BVOC Emissions by Changes in Atmospheric [CO2] and Air Pollution ». Dans Tree Physiology, 253–84. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6606-8_10.

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Steinbrecher, R., B. Rappenglück, A. Hansel, M. Graus, O. Klemm, A. Held, A. Wiedensohler et A. Nowak. « The Emissions of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOC) and Their Relevance to Atmospheric Particle Dynamics ». Dans Ecological Studies, 215–32. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06073-5_13.

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Kulmala, Markku, Tuomo Nieminen, Robert Chellapermal, Risto Makkonen, Jaana Bäck et Veli-Matti Kerminen. « Climate Feedbacks Linking the Increasing Atmospheric CO2 Concentration, BVOC Emissions, Aerosols and Clouds in Forest Ecosystems ». Dans Tree Physiology, 489–508. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6606-8_17.

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Zuazo, Iñaki, Eduardo Torre-Pascual et Jose Antonio García. « Evaluation of Satellite Vegetation Indices for BVOCs Emission Modelling. Case Study : Basque Country ». Dans Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXVIII, 303–8. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12786-1_41.

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Ramacher, Martin Otto Paul, Matthias Karl, Johannes Bieser et Josefine Feldner. « The Impact of BVOC Emissions from Urban Trees on O3 Production in Urban Areas Under Heat-Period Conditions ». Dans Springer Proceedings in Complexity, 241–48. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63760-9_34.

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Fausto, Manes, Donato Eugenio, Silli Valerio et Vitale Marcello. « Annual Estimations of Ecophysiological Parameters and Biogenic Volatile Compounds (BVOCs) Emissions in Citrus Sinensis (L.) Osbeck ». Dans Advances in Global Change Research, 261–70. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48051-4_25.

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Vlachogiannis, Diamando, Spyros Andronopoulos, Artemis Passamichali, Nikos Gounaris et John G. Bartzis. « A Three-Dimensional Model Study of the Impact of AVOC and BVOC Emissions on Ozone in an Urban Area of the Eastern Spain ». Dans Urban Air Quality : Measurement, Modelling and Management, 41–48. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0932-4_5.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "BVOC emission"

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Kefauver, Shawn C., Iolanda Filella, Chao Zhang et Josep Penuelas. « Linking OMI HCHO and MODIS PRI satellite data with BVOCS emissions in NE Spain ». Dans IGARSS 2015 - 2015 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2015.7326360.

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