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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Business cycles – Europe »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Business cycles – Europe"

Canova, Fabio, Matteo Ciccarelli, and Eva Ortega. "Do institutional changes affect business cycles? Evidence from Europe." Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 36, no. 10 (2012): 1520–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jedc.2012.03.017.

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Papageorgiou, Theofanis, Panayotis G. Michaelides, and John G. Milios. "Business cycles synchronization and clustering in Europe (1960–2009)." Journal of Economics and Business 62, no. 5 (2010): 419–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2010.05.004.

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Rozmahel, Petr, and Nikola Najman. "Continuing integration in Europe? Some empirical evidence on European industrial production cycle." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 7 (2012): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260070233.

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The paper deals with assessing the common trends in business cycle similarity and convergence in Europe. The main goal of the paper is to identify common cyclical co-movements and trends in convergence among the European countries so that the emerging European business cycle could be identified. Concerning the factors of business cycle, the research question of the paper is based on assumption that the integration effects are so dominant to bring the European cycle into existence. Also a potential influence of the global crisis on European and world business cycles is examined in the paper. The industrial production index is used to approximate business cycles. Hodrick-Prescott filter, Christiano-Fitzgerald filter and first differencing were used to dissect the cyclical components and identify the cycles in the data. The co-movements, trends of convergence and divergence of business cycles are identified using correlation analysis. Particularly, actual cross correlation and historical correlation in separated subsequent periods is applied in the analysis. Also an original measure of the European business cycle emergence was applied. The results do not provide an evidence of emerging European business cycle contrary to US cycle. The global economic crises was identified as a kind of negative symmetric shock pushing all major economies towards the recession phase of the cycle und thus increasing similarity. The results also shed some light on an influence of different detrending techniques when dissecting the cycles from the input macroeconomic time series.

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Vutsova, Albena, Martina Arabadzhieva, and Todor Yalamov. "YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT IN EUROPE – BUSINESS CYCLES, CRISES, AND POLICY RESPONSES." Proceedings of CBU in Economics and Business 2 (October 24, 2021): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/peb.v2.263.

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Purpose: The goal of the paper is to analyse in which countries’ youth unemployment is statistically pro or countercyclical and how crises in the last decade have affected it. What would the plausible explanations for diverging patterns within the EU and other European countries be? In what terms is the young people’s labour market across Europe imbalanced? Methodology: The paper builds on Gontkovicova et al.’s (2015) analysis of correlations between GDP growth and youth unemployment on an annual basis by adding more indicators and considering the quarterly basis as well. The quantitative approach is enriched by qualitative insights on Southeast European countries studied within the Erasmus+ YouthCap project (CRA, 2020). Findings: Most of the countercyclical youth unemployment trends in the last 20 years are observed in Eastern European countries (Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia). From Western European countries Iceland, Denmark and Portugal are countercyclical. The most resilient countries in terms of COVID-19 are North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey and Iceland, which were able to reduce youth unemployment during the coronavirus crisis (Q3 in 2019 and 2020). Plausible policy reactions have been identified based on the concept of learning societies and the need for continuous education. Practical implications: The paper argues why localised policy responses could be more effective than a centralised solution. However, increased coordination and standardisation of secondary and higher education could lead to increased youth labour migration. Originality/value: The paper combines a more traditional quantitative approach to the most recent data series with the qualitative approach of identifying various micro-trends by looking at selected outlier countries.

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Taylor, Karl, and Robert McNabb. "Business Cycles and the Role of Confidence: Evidence for Europe." Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 69, no. 2 (2007): 185–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.2007.00472.x.

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Beck, Krzysztof. "Determinants of Business Cycles Synchronization in the European Union and the Euro Area." Equilibrium 8, no. 4 (2013): 25–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil.2013.025.

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Further economic and monetary integration in Europe is currently on hold due to the crisis and even questions about the possible exile of Greece. Especially in those conditions, it is important, to see whether integrated Europe can handle future problems and if economic and monetary integration can be helpful or rather more problematic. The main aim of this paper is to check to what degree business cycles are synchronized in the Eurozone and the European Union and what the main determinants of business cycles synchronization are. To achieve this, the following steps have been taken. Firstly, we turn to optimum currency area theory, to see what conditions need to be met, if the European Union and the euro area can use common monetary policy to deal with some economic shocks. Then, all necessary methodological explanations are presented. Later on, the preliminary data analysis is employed to see how business cycles and their determinants were acting during the last 20 years. Finally, panel data analysis is used to check how those determinants actually influence business cycles synchronization. The main finding of the article is that even though business cycles synchronization has been progressing in the European Union and the euro area so does the specialization – divergence in production structure. This may result in less synchronized business cycles in the future.

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Matesanz, David, and Guillermo J. Ortega. "On business cycles synchronization in Europe: A note on network analysis." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 462 (November 2016): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2016.06.097.

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Flandreau, Marc, and Mathilde Maurel. "Monetary Union, Trade Integration, and Business Cycles in 19th Century Europe." Open Economies Review 16, no. 2 (2005): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11079-005-5872-4.

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KAYSER, MARK ANDREAS. "Trade and the Timing of Elections." British Journal of Political Science 36, no. 3 (2006): 437–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123406000238.

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Do trade-transmitted international business cycles affect the timing of national elections? This article shows that export expansions do not differ substantively from booms in aggregate output in inviting opportunistic governments to call elections, especially as their terms mature. Further analysis confirms two ancillary implications of this relationship: (a) that clusters of countries tend to hold elections in periods of international economic expansion and (b) that national election cycles, much like business cycles, have become more correlated over time, most prominently in Europe. The findings in this article raise implications for continued economic integration: freer movement of goods, services and capital may imply more correlated business cycles and, by extension, election cycles.

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CROWLEY, PATRICK M., and AARON SCHULTZ. "MEASURING THE INTERMITTENT SYNCHRONICITY OF MACROECONOMIC GROWTH IN EUROPE." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 21, no. 04 (2011): 1215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127411028957.

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Synchronization of growth rates are an important feature of international business cycles, particularly in relation to regional integration projects such as the single currency in Europe. Synchronization of growth rates clearly enhances the effectiveness of European Central Bank monetary policy, ensuring that policy changes are attuned to the dynamics of growth and business cycles in the majority of member states. In this paper, a dissimilarity metric is constructed by measuring the topological differences between the GDP growth patterns in recurrence plots for individual countries. The results show that synchronization of growth rates were higher among the euro area member states during the second half of the 1980s and from 1997 to roughly 2002. Apart from these two time periods, euro area member states do not appear to be more synchronized than a group of major international countries, suggesting that apart from specific times when European integration initiatives were being implemented, globalization was likely the dominant factor behind international business cycle synchronization.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Business cycles – Europe"

Kernen, Joakim. "Trends, cycles and institutions : -Job polarization and the business cycle in Europe." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-367063.

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This thesis studies the cyclical aspect of job polarization in Europe. Contributions include offering a comparison to the findings of previous research on the United States, and extending the analysis by introducing labor market institutions. The analysis is done in two parts, first showing that the observed link between job polarization and jobless recoveries in the US is observed in Europe, but not across all countries and business cycles. In Scandinavia, the process of job polarization appears smoother than the spurts observed in the US. The second part involves regression analyses of the relationship between labor market institutions, the business cycle and occupational employment. The results indicate that stricter labor market institutions are less robustly associated with Routine employment than other occupational groups and that Routine employment is more sensitive to the business cycle than other types of employment. Further, rigid labor market institutions may prevent some of the Routine decline associated with economic downturns, while not necessarily affecting the long run employment. Limitations of the analysis regards rough estimates of the key variables, number of observations and the lack of identification associated with cross-country analyses.

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Phelps, Peter. "Euro area enlargement and the prospects for business cycle synchronisation of Central and Eastern European countries." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648101.

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Belo, Daniel Filipe Tiago. "Tax policy stance over the business cycle: evidence from Europe." Master's thesis, NSBE-UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11524.

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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics We contribute to the literature addressing the cyclical behavior of tax policy. Most recent studies have relied on tax revenues and adjusted measures of tax collections to analyze this issue. We argue that such methodology is insufficient to characterize tax policy cyclicality, as tax revenues move endogenously with the business cycle. Consequently, this topic is revisited by making use of the policy instrument, tax rate, as opposed to the policy outcome, tax revenues. Using data for 13 European countries, we find that tax policy has mostly been a-cyclical over the last 30 years.

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Boewer, Uwe. "Synchronisation of business cycles in the enlarged European Union." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-65057.

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Silva, Ricardo Fernando Ferreira Reis da. "Nonlinearities and synchronization of business cycles : a novel approach." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/1772.

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Mestrado em Economia Esta dissertação estuda os padrões de sincronização de ciclos económicos numa amostra composta por 18 países desenvolvidos e a Zona Euro ao longo do período 1970:1-2008:1. Para realizar este estudo, propomos um novo modelo de componentes não observáveis multivariado com markov-switching e interdependência de estados variável no tempo, no qual a sincronização é modelizada como uma componente comum variável no tempo entre os ciclos económicos. Para estimar o modelo, desenvolvemos um filtro de Kalman adequado, que permite a projecção das componentes não observáveis e a estimação dos hiperparâmetros por máxima verosimilhança. Propomos também um novo fullsample smoother para recalcular as componentes não observáveis do modelo com base em toda a informação amostral. Usamos este modelo para testar 3 hipóteses: se a criação da União Monetária Europeia promoveu um aumento na sincronização dos ciclos económicos entre os seus membros; se a integração promoveu uma mudança na filiação cíclica com o ciclo económico dos EUA; se existe o surgimento de um ciclo económico agregado da Zona Euro. Os resultados mostram que a sincronização cíclica dos países da Zona Euro com a Zona Euro agregada foi superior à dos restantes países. No entanto, para a maioria dos países da Zona Euro, a sincronização com a Zona agregada aumentou até ao início da década de 90, e diminuiu a partir desse período. Apesar de existir um ligeiro aumento na sincronização com a Zona Euro agregada para algumas economias participantes em torno do momento da introdução da moeda única, não somos capazes de detectar um “efeito Euro” claro. Por outro lado, para a maioria das economias, a introdução da moeda única é coincidente com uma redução na sincronização com o ciclo dos EUA. Finalmente, não encontramos evidência do surgimento de um ciclo económico agregado da Zona Euro. ABSTRACT: This dissertation studies the patterns of business cycle synchronization across a sample of 18 developed countries and the aggregate Euro Area over the period 1970:1-2008:1. To perform this study, we propose a novel multivariate unobservedcomponents model with markov-switching and time-varying state interdependence, in which synchronization is modelled as a time-varying common component between the business cycles. To estimate the model, we develop an adequate Kalman filter, which allows the projection of the unobserved components and the estimation of the hyperparameters by maximum likelihood. We also propose a new full-sample smoother to recompute the unobserved components of the model based on all in-sample information. We use this model to test 3 hypothesis: whether the creation of the European Monetary Union promoted an increase in business cycle synchronization among its members; whether the integration has promoted a change in the cyclical affiliation with the US business cycle; and whether there is an emergence of an aggregate Euro Area business cycle. The results show that synchronization between the Euro Area countries with the aggregate Euro Area has been higher than for the remaining countries. Nevertheless, for the majority of the Euro Area countries, synchronization with the aggregate Area increased until the beginning of the 1990s, and dropped from that period onwards. Moreover, despite the existence of a slight increase in synchronization with the aggregate Euro Area for some participant economies around the timing of the introduction of the common currency, we are not able to uncover a clear “Euro effect”. On the other hand, for most of the economies, the introduction of the common currency is shown to be coincident with a drop in synchronization with the US business cycle. Finally, we do not find evidence of the emergence of an aggregate Euro-Area business cycle.

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Malek, Mansour Jeoffrey H. G. "Three essays in international economics." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210878.

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This thesis consists in a collection of research works dealing with various aspects of International Economics. More precisely, we focus on three main themes: (i) the existence of a world business cycle and the implications thereof, (ii) the likelihood of asymmetric shocks in the Euro Zone resulting from fluctuations in the euro exchange rate because of differences in sector specialization patterns and some consequences of such shocks, and (iii) the relationship between trade openness and growth influence of the sector specialization structure on that relationship.Regarding the approach pursued to tackle these problems, we have chosen to strictly remain within the boundaries of empirical (macro)economics - that is, applied econometrics. Though we systematically provide theoretical models to back up our empirical approach, our only real concern is to look at the stories the data can (or cannot) tell us. As to the econometric methodology, we will restrict ourselves to the use of panel data analysis. The large spectrum of techniques available within the panel framework allows us to utilize, for each of the problems at hand, the most suitable approach (or what we think it is). Doctorat en sciences économiques, Orientation économie info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Crespo, Cuaresma Jesus, and Octavio Fernandez-Amador. "Business cycle convergence in EMU: A first look at the second moment." Elsevier, 2013. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4128/1/JIMF_TP.pdf.

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We analyse the dynamics of the standard deviation of demand and supply shocks as well as of the demand component of GDP across countries in the European Monetary Union (EMU). This analysis allows us to evaluate the patterns of cyclical comovement in EMU and compare them the cyclical performance of the new members of the EU and other OECD countries. We make use of sigma-convergence methods to identify synchronization patterns in business cycles. The Eurozone has converged to a stable lower level of dispersion across business cycles during the end of the 80s and the beginning of the 90s. The new EU members have also experienced a strong pattern of convergence from 1998 to 2005, when a strong divergence trend appears. An enlargement of the EMU to 22 members would not significantly decrease its optimality as a currency area. There is evidence for some Europe-specific characteristics as compared to global comovements in business cycles. (authors' abstract)

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Holm, Louise. "A non-stationary perspective on the European and Swedish business cycle /." Göteborg : Dept. of Economics, School of Business, Economics and Law, Göteborg University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/4445.

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Ugembe, Mendita Arnaldo. "Similitude das estruturas produtivas e ciclos económicos na União Europeia." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11418.

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Mestrado em Economia Monetária e Financeira Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a importância empírica da similitude das estruturas produtivas na sincronização dos ciclos económicos de 20 países da UE entre 2000 e 2007. A similitude das estruturas produtivas é medida através do índice de especialização de Krugman e do comércio intra-ramo (CIR), feito o controlo de outras variáveis que poderão também contribuir para o fenómeno em apreço, como a adesão ao euro. Relativamente à literatura anterior, testamos a importância de distinguir o comércio intra-ramo por tipos, designadamente se o efeito só é positivo no caso do CIR horizontal. Conclui-se que a similitude das estruturas produtivas contribui para a convergência dos ciclos económicos quando medida com o indicador de Krugman. No caso de se utilizar um indicador de CIR, o efeito positivo esperado ocorre somente quando este tem uma natureza horizontal, o que está em conformidade com a teoria. This work aims to test the empirical importance of the similaritiy of production structures in business cycle synchronization in a cross-section of 20 EU countries between 2000 and 2007. The similarity of production structures was measured with the Krugman specialization index and an intra-industry trade (IIT) index, and it was done the control of other variables that may also contribute to the phenomenon in question, as joining to the Euro. Regarding to the previous literature, we tested the importance of distinguishing intra-industry trade by types, particularly if the effect is positive in the case of horizontal intra-industry trade. We conclude that the similarity of productive structures contributes to the business cycle synchronization when measured with the Krugman indicator. In the case of using an indicator of IIT, the expected positive effect occurs only when this has a horizontal differentiation, which is consistent with theory.

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FRENDA, ANTONIO. "Estimating Business Cycle: from Bandpass Filters to Eurocoin Approach." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/26712.

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New Eurocoin (NE) is a synthetic and up-to-date statistics measure of the Euro-Area conjuncture. The target of NE is the medium to long-run component of the Euro Area GDP growth, that is published monthly by the Bank of Italy and CEPR. Estimations of NE are obtained through the generalized dynamic factor model. It is a well-known result in the literature isolating the business cycle in integrated series that band-pass filter could deteriorate at the end of the sample, being less reliable for the most recent data. This is very relevant for economic policy. Altissimo, Cristadoro, Forni, Lippi, Veronese (2008) develop, through New Eurocoin Indicator, a method to obtain smoothing of a stationary time series so as to avoid the occurrence of end-of-sample deterioration and short-run fluctuations. Since New Eurocoin indicator provides a summary index of the medium to long-run component (MLRG) of the GDP solely for the whole Euro area aggregate, the main contribution of this research is to propose some procedures to estimate the following disaggregated components of European GDP: - Sectoral smoothed growths; - MLRG concerning some countries belonging to the Euro Area; - Expenditure components.

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Livres sur le sujet "Business cycles – Europe"

Erik, Damgaard, Gerlich Peter, and Richardson J. J, eds. The Politics of economic crisis: Lessons from Western Europe. Avebury, 1989.

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Kindleberger, Charles Poor. Economic and financial crises and transformations in sixteenth-century Europe. International Finance Section, Department of Economics, Princeton University, 1998.

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Cycles and stagnation in socialist economies: A mathematical analysis. Blackwell, 1992.

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Critical theory and contemporary Europe. Continuum International Pub., 2012.

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The Credit-Anstalt crisis of 1931. Cambridge University Press, 1991.

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Lucrezia, Reichlin, Centre for Economic Policy Research (Great Britain), and Centre for Comparative European Policy Evaluation., eds. The Euro area business cycle: Stylized facts and measurement issues. Centre for Economic Policy Research, 2004.

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Why Iceland? McGraw-Hill, 2009.

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Bruno, Jossa, Vinci Salvatore, and Associazione italiana degli economisti del lavoro. Convegno nazionale, eds. Sviluppo, investimenti e occupazione nel quadro dell'integrazione europea. Edizioni scientifiche italiane, 1998.

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Filosa, Renato. Monetary and real shocks, the business cycle and the value of the euro. Bank for International Settlements, 2004.

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Darby, Julia. Labour force participation and the business cycle: A comparative analysis of Europe, Japan and the United States. University of Glasgow, Department of Economics, 1998.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Business cycles – Europe"

Bayar, Ali H., André Dramais, Werner Roeger, and Jan In’t Veld. "Macroeconomic Effects of Fiscal Restructuring in Europe." In Business Cycles and Macroeconomic Stability. Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6173-6_14.

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André, Christophe, and Nathalie Girouard. "Housing Markets, Business Cycles and Economic Policies." In Housing Market Challenges in Europe and the United States. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230246980_6.

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de Bandt, Olivier. "Measuring Cyclical Comovements and Asymmetries in Growth and Business Cycles." In Convergence or Divergence in Europe? Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32611-1_1.

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Hagemann, Harald. "The Formation of Research Institutes on Business Cycles in Europe in the Interwar Period: The “Kiel School” and (In)Voluntary Internationalization." In Political Economy and International Order in Interwar Europe. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47102-6_13.

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Barro, Robert, and Vittorio Grilli. "Investment and Real Business Cycles." In European Macroeconomics. Macmillan Education UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27904-3_12.

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Álvarez, Luis J., and Alberto Cabrero. "Does Housing Really Lead the Business Cycle in Spain?" In Housing Markets in Europe. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15340-2_4.

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Teglio, Andrea, Marco Raberto, and Silvano Cincotti. "Endogenous Credit Dynamics as Source of Business Cycles in the EURACE Model." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13947-5_17.

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Minguez, Rikardo, Erlantz Lizundia, Maider Iturrondobeitia, Ortzi Akizu-Gardoki, and Estibaliz Saez-de-Camara. "Education in Circular Economy: Focusing on Life Cycle Thinking at the University of the Basque Country." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70566-4_57.

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AbstractSince 2002, the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) has supported several teaching experiences related to the so-called Life Cycle Thinking or Ecodesign in collaboration with local Institutions. The kick off was the Ecodesign Learning Center aiming to promote environmental education at the Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao. In this framework, the last effort has been the implementation of a Master’s Degree entitled Circular Economy: Business Application. This course has been successfully implemented in the 2019–2020 academic year and has been specifically designed to provide training in circular economy for people with backgrounds as varied as product manufacturing engineering, environmental engineering or economics. These studies are aimed to become a European reference in its goal of promoting circular economy, life cycle thinking, ecodesign and sustainable development. This paper analyzes the learning issues and characteristics of this Master's degree placing a special emphasis on its novel competencies and learning outcomes for our society. It can be concluded that the Master's degree is a pioneering teaching experience, being the forefront of Circular Economy Education in Southwestern Europe.

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Rozmahel, Petr. "Business Cycles Similarity and EMU Enlargement: the Concordance Index for Central and Eastern European Countries." In The Economic Performance of the European Union. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-30543-4_7.

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Grudev, Lachezar. "The Secondary Depression: An Integral Part of Wilhelm Röpke’s Business Cycle Theory." In The European Heritage in Economics and the Social Sciences. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68357-7_9.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Business cycles – Europe"

Richard Yates, Martin, Imed Ben Brahim, Shady Mohamed AlNofaily, and Klaus-Dieter Ernesti. "Sustaining Remote Operations Adoption Post Pandemic: A Major Key to a Net Zero Future." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205440-ms.

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Abstract The North Sea has always been a pioneer for the adoption of remote operations services (ROS) in offshore drilling applications. Drilling services such as Measurement While Drilling (MWD), Logging While Drilling (LWD) and/or mud logging (ML) have been performed with an element of ROS for over the last two decades. Early adoption of these remote services delivered initial benefits to operators such as reducing HSE risks related to the travel and accommodation of field service employees at offshore rig sites. Meanwhile service companies were able to explore the added efficiencies gained by having multi-skilled employees providing a higher level of support to customers while also gaining additional agility to manage their personnel through tighter market cycles. The mutual benefit of this early adoption created a solid foundation for ROS to expand the scope of influence in drilling operations to include Directional Drilling (DD). Despite the maturity of ROS within a select community of operators in the North Sea, the industry standard for service delivery in offshore operations has continued to require field service employees to perform DD, MWD, and LWD services at rig sites until this past year. With the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, operators and service companies were quickly and abruptly confronted with the challenges of new HSE regulations, travel restrictions, and increased financial scrutiny. ROS presented a tailored solution to not only sustain business continuity but also create added efficiency, consistency, and risk management. Over the course of 2020, adoption of ROS rapidly accelerated across offshore operations in the North Sea and reached up to 100% penetration in key sectors. This tremendous achievement has made a significant impact on project performance and HSE efficiencies by ensuring on time service delivery while reducing personnel on board (POB). In addition, as more operators and services companies explore ways of reducing their carbon footprints and achieving a net zero future, ROS has proven to be a way to significantly reduce carbon emissions associated with transportation and utilities of offshore personnel. This paper discusses the methods that enabled a record high adoption rate for ROS and explores the critical components of its success. It illustrates the management of change in service delivery processes, the introduction of new technology to unlock greater productivity and synergies, and the new approach to design the core competencies needed to support ROS. It also describes the need for flexible ROS service models to meet the specific project needs of various operators. The paper concludes with the numerous benefits realized through ROS such as improved performance and consistently reliable service delivery. The paper also examines the resulting carbon emission reduction, how to quantify it, and the role ROS plays in achieving a net zero emissions future.

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"ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENTS: CORRELATION STRUCTURE AND BUSINESS CYCLES." In 17th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 2010. ERES, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2010_269.

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"PPPS, THE BUSINESS CYCLE, AND THE POLITICAL CYCLE." In 2006 European Real Estate Society conference in association with the International Real Estate Society: ERES Conference 2006. ERES, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2006_274.

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"Business Cycle Assymmetries and Property Performance Modelling." In 9th European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 2002. ERES, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2002_113.

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"The Role of Housing in the Business Cycle." In 10th European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 2003. ERES, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2003_269.

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"Housing, Time-to-Bulid and the Business Cycle." In 14th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference: ERES Conference 2007. ERES, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2007_311.

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Lee, Stephen. "REITs and the Mixed-asset Portfolio over the Business Cycle." In 24th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. European Real Estate Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2017_267.

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Anghel, Ion, Costin Ciora, Stanley McGreal, and Paloma de La Paz. "Housing prices, business cycle, TOM and energy efficiency in Bucharest." In 25th Annual European Real Estate Society Conference. European Real Estate Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15396/eres2018_143.

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Lo Iacono Ferreira, Vanesa G., and Juan Ignacio Torregrosa López. "Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis for Circular Economy." In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10490.

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A Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis is a complex assessment that requires time, expertise and quality data. Decision-making boards of industries required live data to manage their business. Although planned changes can be made pursuing innovation and sustainability within a wide timeframe, daily decisions are often driven just by economic indicators. However, many industries are already implementing systems, simple or complex, that allows them to obtain some environmental or social information related to their activities aware that not only economic value foster ther circular economy that our planet needs. Key performance indicators are excellent information suppliers that can be define either in the economic, social or environmental area of a sustainable analysis. Willing to develop a methodology easy to apply in existing decision-making panels that incorporates social and environmental indicators to fill the gap of a sustianibility analisys, this research group is exploring new protocols and procedures to define customized key performance indicators. The inclusion of key performance indicators based in Life Cycle Assessment in existing management panels will serve as a tool to make the commitment of our European industries with circular economy come true.

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Chabanon, David. "CBTC/ERTMS/PTC Convergence." In 2013 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2013-2447.

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A trend has recently emerged in re-signaling projects, especially in Europe, where infrastructure managers of large commuter rails are facing a dilemma: “should we install CBTC (Communication Based Train Control) or ERTMS (European Rail Traffic, Management System) — or both?” These commuter rails often span over a large territory, interfacing sometimes with the national network and have to cross through high-density traffic sections in crowded cities. This paper discusses this dilemma and the factors that contribute to the decision-making process of deploying a new signaling system. These factors, often captured early in the business case of the project, are more complex than the simple issues of a) high throughput capability (leaning toward CBTC) and b) interoperability needs (leaning toward ERTMS). Other factors are considered in the business case such as: operating needs of the railway including the regulation concepts, reducing the Life Cycle Cost of the system, the risk level that the owner is willing to carry, other high-profile national roll-out plans and special needs of key stakeholders. All of these different factors and parameters are discussed in this paper, and are illustrated by actual re-signaling projects in London, Paris, Madrid and Istanbul. The main characteristics of ERTMS and CBTC are presented with their pros and cons for these types of applications. The paper further discusses how the industry is reacting to this emerging trend. Are there any state-of-the-art signaling solutions from the suppliers that can fit these types of projects? The paper also gives an overview of the recent progress of the European Rail Industry in terms of research and development for future signaling systems in urban / suburban areas. Meanwhile, Positive Train Control (PTC) systems are being deployed in North America on class 1 railroads as mandated by the US congress, primarily as a means to increase safety. At the same time, some US rail transit agencies are adopting CBTC (albeit at a slow pace). The paper explores if there are any lessons from Europe related to CBTC/ERTMS convergence that could apply in North America related to CBTC/PTC convergence.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Business cycles – Europe"

Giannone, Domenico, Michele Lenza, and Lucrezia Reichlin. Business Cycles in the Euro Area. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14529.

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Dueker, Michael J., and Katrin Wesche. European Business Cycles: New Indices and Analysis of their Synchronicity. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.20955/wp.1999.019.

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Lagoa, Sérgio, and Stephen Hall. Inflation and business cycle convergence in the euro area: Empirical analysis using an unobserved component model. DINÂMIA'CET-IUL, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.7749/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2011.05.

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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.

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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.

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