Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Burn-out parental »

Abstract Objective The COVID-19 pandemic and associated quarantine measures highly impacted parental psychological well-being. Parents of children with chronic diseases might be specifically vulnerable as they already face multiple challenges to provide adequate care for their child. The research questions of the current study were twofold: (a) to examine whether parents of children with a chronic disease experienced more anxiety and depression compared to parents of healthy children and (b) to examine a series of risk factors for worsened well-being (i.e., depression, anxiety, and sleep problems), such as sociodemographic variables, COVID-19-specific variables (i.e., financial worries, living space, and perceived quality of health care), and parental psychological experiences (i.e., parental burn-out and less positive parenting experiences). Methods Parents of children with a chronic disease (i.e., the clinical sample; N = 599 and 507 for Research Questions 1 and 2, respectively) and parents of healthy children (i.e., the reference sample: N = 417) filled out an online survey. Results Findings demonstrated that the parents in the clinical sample reported higher levels of anxiety than parents in the reference sample. Analyses within the clinical sample indicated that COVID-19-specific stressors and parental psychological experiences were associated with higher levels of anxiety, depression, and sleep problems. Mediation analyses furthermore indicated that the association of COVID-19-specific stressors with all outcome measures was mediated by parental burn-out. Conclusions Parents of children with a chronic disease constitute a vulnerable group for worse well-being during the current pandemic. Findings suggest interventions directly targeting parental burn-out are warranted.

Background: Scald burns result from exposure to high-temperature fluids and are more common in the pediatric age group. They occur mainly by two mechanisms: (i) spill and (ii) immersion (hot cauldron) burns. These two patterns differ in clinical characteristics and outcomes. Scalds cause significant morbidity and mortality in children. The objective of this study was to compare accidental spill burns and hot cauldron burns in a hospital setting. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing the secondary data of scald cases admitted during the years 2019 and 2020 in a burn-dedicated tertiary care center. Total population sampling was adopted. Data analysis was done partly using SPSS, version-23, and Stata-15. Mann Whitney U-test and Chi-square/Fisher's exact test were done appropriately to find associations between different variables. Regression analysis was performed taking mortality events as the outcome of interest. Results: Out of 108 scald cases, 43 (39.8%) had hot cauldron burns and 65 (60.2%) had accidental spill burns. Overall mortality was 16 (14.8%), out of which hot cauldron burns and accidental spill burns comprised 12 (75.0%) and 4 (25.0%), respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed the type of scald, age, and Baux score found to be associated with mortality. Every one-year increment in age had a 29% lower odds of occurrence of mortality event (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-0.99, p=0.042). Likewise, every one-point increment in Baux score was associated with 19% higher odds of mortality (adjusted OR, 1.190; 95% CI, 1.08-1.32; p<0.001). Conclusions: Accidental spill burns were more common but mortality was significantly higher for hot cauldron burns. The majority of burn injuries occurred inside the kitchen emphasizing appropriate parental precautions. The risk of mortality was significantly higher in burn events occurring outside the house, and burns involving back, buttocks, perineum, and lower extremities.

Introduction. Sensory processing difficulties can pose a risk for the development of language and speech disorders in the earliest period and require professional intervention and intense involvement of parents in homework with children with developmental dysphasia, which might cause parental burnout and lower level of their self-esteem when parents are not able to help, not only the children, but themselves too. Aim. The aim of the research was to examine the relationship between the sensory sensitivity of children with developmental dysphasia and the characteristics of parents. Method. The sample consisted of 50 parents of children aged 3 to 6 years. The following questionnaires were used in the research to assess the characteristics of sensory processing: The Child Sensory Profile 2, Parental Burnout Inventory, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Measures of descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used in data processing. Results. The results of the research show that the level of parental burnout is relatively low (parents showed a high level of personal accomplishment (M = 4.16, SD = .67), mild level of emotional exhaustion (M = 2.34, SD = .78) and low level of emotional distancing (M = 1.72, SD = .72), but also that they are characterized by lower self-esteem (M = 3.11, SD = .34). Also, self-esteem and burn-out are not related. On the Sensory Profile, subscales of behavior elements are highly correlated, while the intensity of correlations in subscales of the basic system of processing oscillates. There is a weak correlation between the general self-esteem of parents with subscales of body posture and behavior. Conclusion. The obtained results were discussed in the context of practical pedagogical implications, considering that if the difficulties in the child's functioning are not eliminated in the preschool period, the child's departure to school may be delayed, or long-term difficulties in learning may appear.

Burn injuries cover a broad category of injuries to the health and life of victims. They can cause severe general illness caused by local damage to the body affecting all organs and systems of the body. Globally, more than 300,000 people die from fires each year alone, and the death toll from thermal, electrical and chemical burns is much higher [23]. Burning is one of the most serious traumas in the infant body, leaving lasting consequences in the life of the injured child and one of the most common causes of hospitalization of children [10]. According to statistics from the Red Cross Burning Unit of South Africa, 650-900 victims of different ages have been admitted to a specialized children's hospital in just one year [19]. It is stated that children under 5 are the most endangered age group, and 50% of all burns occur in children under 2 years. The main cause of burns in them is the burning of hot liquids. The fire causes only 13% of the burns but causes 83% of the deaths [23]. The purpose of this study is to investigate the need to increase parental awareness of the risk and severity of burns in adolescents. The sociological survey was conducted in the period May-June 2019, through its own anonymous poll among 91 parents of kindergarten children in Sofia. The survey found that a significant proportion (75.82%) of the respondents estimated the severity of the impact of trauma on the health and life of the victims and in the event of a burn incident, about half would seek assistance from the Emergency Medical Center and only 5.05 % of them to specialized structures for the treatment of burns. A significant proportion (95.60%) of the respondents confirm the need to provide information on the possible risks, and 95.60% of them expect this to reduce incidents in the social and school environment. Raising the awareness of the population regarding the risk factors for burning and carrying out health education on the topic among adolescents will influence the incidence of incidents in the social, industrial and school environment.

La santé mentale périnatale est un sujet de préoccupation sociétale majeure ; le suicide étant devenu la deuxième cause de mortalité maternelle après les maladies cardiovasculaires, soit 13,4% des morts maternelles durant la période périnatale. L’objectif cette thèse était d’étudier la psychopathologie des mères durant la transition vers la maternité en lien avec des variables contextuelles, relationnelles et des représentations d’attachement. Une première étude visait à étudier les trajectoires de dépression et d’anxiété durant la transition à la maternité. Notre échantillon était composé de 148 femmes canadiennes (âge moyen : 21,66). Elles ont répondu à un questionnaire d’informations socioéconomiques, à un inventaire de symptômes psychologiques (Symptom Check-List, SCL-90), à une mesure du stress psychologique (PSM), à une échelle d’ajustement dyadique (The Dyadic Adjustment Scale, DAS) et à un questionnaire de soutien social (SSQ). Dans une seconde étude, nous avons examiné les liens entre burn-out et symptomatologie anxiodépressive. Notre échantillon était composé de 70 femmes françaises (âge moyen : 31,19) qui ont répondu à l’échelle de dépression postnatale d’Edimbourg (EPSD), à un inventaire d’anxiété (STAI Trait/Etat) et à un questionnaire de burn-out parental (Parental Burnout Assessment, BPA). Dans une troisième étude, nous avons examiné les liens entre attachement, symptomatologie anxiodépressive et burn-out, trente-cinq femmes (âge moyen : 31,32) ont répondu à l’EPSD, la STAI Trait/Etat et au PBA. L’Attachment Multiple Model Interview a également été administré pour évaluer l'attachement à chacun des parents et au conjoint. Enfin, pour illustrer les résultats de notre dernière étude, nous avons utilisé le même échantillon avec une approche qualitative.Les résultats ont montré : (1) chez des mères à haut risque sur le plan social, l’existence de trois trajectoires distinctes de dépression et d’anxiété, l’une d’elles avec des niveaux élevés de symptômes qui continuent d’augmenter tout au long de la transition ; (2) que l’environnement familial et personnel de la mère peut être rattachées à un ensemble de facteurs (revenu familial, stress psychologique, satisfaction conjugale, perception du soutien social) qui prédisent les trajectoires de santé mentale tout au long la transition à la maternité ; (3) que des représentations d’attachement désorganisées à la mère sont liées à une symptomatologie composite : symptômes dépressifs et anxiété trait dans le post-partum ; (4) qu’une stratégie d’attachement d’inhibition au conjoint est associée au fait d’avoir un état anxieux dans le post-partum ; (5) que l’anxiété trait médiatise le lien entre représentations d’attachement et burn-out maternel durant le post-partum.Nos résultats soulignent l’importance :- de privilégier les études de trajectoires dans la transition à la maternité. Ces dernières permettent de considérer les différences interindividuelles de profils maternels dans le vécu de l’adaptation, témoignant de la nécessité d’accorder une vigilance particulière pour les mères à risque.- de prendre en compte le contexte personnel et familial dans lequel la grossesse se déroule pour anticiper les trajectoires de dépression et d’anxiété durant le transition à la maternité.- d’une évaluation prénatal permettant un dépistage précoce systématique- d’un dépistage systématique de l’anxiété lors de l’examen prénatal pour prévenir du burn-out.- d’apporter une attention particulière aux modèles et stratégies d’attachement dans le post-partum afin d’intervenir précocement par des psychothérapies efficaces
Perinatal mental health is a major societal concern; suicide has become the second cause of maternal mortality after cardiovascular disease, representing 13.4% of maternal deaths. The objective of this research was to study psychopathology among mothers during the transition to motherhood, in relation to contextual and relational variables as well as attachment representations.A first study was aimed at identifying trajectories of depression and anxiety during the transition to motherhood. Our sample consisted of 148 Canadian women (mean age: 21,66 years). They filled in a socio-demographic questionnaire, an inventory of psychological symptoms (Symptom Check-List, SCL-90), a measure of psychological stress (PSM), a dyadic adjustment scale (The Dyadic Adjustment Scale, DAS) and a social support questionnaire (SSQ). In a second study, we examined the links between burnout and anxious-depressive symptomatology. Our sample consisted of 70 French women (mean age: 31,19 years) who completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPSD), an Anxiety Inventory (STAI Trait/Etat), and the Parental Burnout Assessment (BPA). In a third study, we examined the links between attachment, anxious-depressive symptoms, and burnout. Thirty-five women (mean age: 31.32 years) filled in the EPSD, the STAI Trait/Etat and the PBA. The Attachment Multiple Model Interview was also administered to assess attachment to each parent and partner. Finally, to illustrate the results of our final study, we used the same sample with a qualitative approach.The results showed: (1) the existence of three distinct trajectories of depression and anxiety, one of them with a high level of symptoms that continued to increase during the transition to motherhood ; (2) that mothers’ family and personal environments can be linked to a set of correlated factors (family income, psychological stress, marital satisfaction, perception of social support) that predict mental health trajectories throughout the transition to motherhood ; (3) that disorganized attachment in the relationship with one’s own mother is linked to a composite measure of depressive and trait anxiety symptoms in the postpartum period ; (4) that deactivating attachment strategies with the partner are associated with having an anxious state in the postpartum period ; (5) that trait anxiety mediates the link between maternal attachment and parental burnout.Our results highlight the importance of:- prioritizing trajectory studies in the transition to motherhood. They make it possible to consider inter-individual differences in maternal profiles of adaptation, highlighting the need to pay particular attention to mothers at risk.- taking into account the personal and family context in which pregnancy takes place to anticipate the trajectories of depression and anxiety during the transition to motherhood.- a prenatal assessment allowing systematic early detection of mothers at risk.- systematic screening for anxiety during the prenatal examination to prevent burnout.- pay specific attention to attachment models and strategies in the postpartum period in order to intervene early through effective psychotherapies

The research posed two questions, namely (a) how much stress, if any, is experienced by house mothers in a childrens' home, and (b) which factors cause such stress. The methodology employed is descriptive research. It covered the total population of ten house mothers in a childres' home. Measuring instruments employed were; the Heimler scale for Social Functioning, the Glazer Stress Control Life Style Questionnaire, the Stress Questionnaire, and a self-formulated questionnaire. The results are as follows: 70% reported average to high stress, but are inclined to deny stress. 30% reported normal stress levels, Possible causes of stress are the work context of the childrens' home, age, period of service, and personality.
Die studie soek antwoorde op twee vrae, naamlik (a) hoeveel sires, indien enige, beleef huismoeders in 'n kinderhuis, en (b) wat veroorsaak sulke sires? Die metode wat gebruik was, is beskrywende navorsing. Die totale populasie van tien huismoeders in die spesifieke kinderhuis is betrek. Die klein omvang maak hierdie studie nie veralgemeenbaar nie. Die volgende meetinstrumente is benut ; die Heimlerskaal vir Maatskaplike Funksionering, die "Glazer Stress Control Life Style Questionnaire'', die "Stress Questionnaire", en 'n selfgeformuleerde vraelys. Die resultate is soos volg: 70% van die huismoeders in die studie vermeld gemiddelde tot hoe mates van stres, maar is geneig om stres te ontken. Dertig persent van die respondente vermeld normale hoeveelhede stres. Moontlike oorsake van sires is aangetoon as: die werkskonteks binne die kinderhuis, ouderdom, tydperk van diens, en persoonlikheid
Social Work
M.A. (Social Work: Mental Health)

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