Bibliographies thématiques / Bonds payable to bearer

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Bonds payable to bearer »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 26 juillet 2024
Mis à jour le 26 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Bonds payable to bearer"

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Jiang, Li, Qijun Ding et Wen Zhang. « Skillfully Learn "Debt Investment" and "Bonds Payable" ». Academic Journal of Management and Social Sciences 4, no 1 (30 août 2023) : 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajmss.v4i1.11498.

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Financial assets and financial liabilities have always been the focus and difficulty in the teaching process of Intermediate Financial Accounting. The interpretation of the standards is very professional but abstract, coupled with complex calculations, making it difficult for students to learn. This article links the "debt investment" and "payable bonds" among them, and through case comparison, uses the "T" type account method for analysis to help everyone understand its basic principles and easily grasp the corresponding accounting processing.
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SMIRNOV, Valerii V. « Financial reasons for the growth of accounts payable in the Russian economy ». Financial Analytics : Science and Experience 17, no 2 (30 mai 2024) : 212–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/fa.17.2.212.

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Subject. This article examines the financial reasons for the growth of accounts payable in the Russian economy. Objectives. The article aims to determine the financial reasons for the growth of accounts payable in the Russian economy. Methods. For the study, I used analysis and synthesis, and the methods of correlation and regression analysis. Results. The article identifies and describes the financial reasons for the growth of accounts payable in the Russian economy. Conclusions. The identified main financial reasons for the growth of accounts payable in the Russian economy inform the authorities about the possibility of converting accounts payable into bonds and further into shares with the transfer of interest on debts to shareholders.
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Ivanovskaya, A. V., et S. S. Shirokova. « THE PROBLEMS OF ACCOUNTING OF ISSUED BONDS AND NOTES PAYABLE ». KAZAN SOCIALLY-HUMANITARIAN BULLETIN 8, no 2 (avril 2017) : 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24153/2079-5912-2017-8-2-41-45.

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Kim, Gil－Hoon. « Review of Accounting for Bonds Payable in Korean IFRS Principles of Accounting Textbooks ». Korean Business Education Review 36, no 4 (31 août 2021) : 187–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.23839/kabe.2021.36.4.187.

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Gopalan, Radhakrishnan, Fenghua Song et Vijay Yerramilli. « Debt Maturity Structure and Credit Quality ». Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 49, no 4 (août 2014) : 817–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109014000520.

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AbstractWe examine whether a firm’s debt maturity structure affects its credit quality. Consistent with theory, we find that firms with greater exposure to rollover risk (measured by the amount of long-term debt payable within a year relative to assets) have lower credit quality; long-term bonds issued by those firms trade at higher yield spreads, indicating that bond market investors are cognizant of rollover risk arising from a firm’s debt maturity structure. These effects are stronger among firms with a speculative-grade rating and declining profitability, and during recessions.
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Gregg, Amanda, et Steven Nafziger. « Capital structure and corporate performance in late Imperial Russia ». European Review of Economic History 23, no 4 (10 septembre 2018) : 446–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ereh/hey020.

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Abstract This article investigates the financing of corporations in industrialization’s early stages by examining new balance sheet data describing all Imperial Russian corporations in 1914. We emphasize differences between two Russian corporation types: share partnerships and A-corporations. Share partnerships issued greater dividends, were less likely to issue bonds, and had larger accounts payable. We find that capital structures varied with age, size, and sector according to modern corporate finance theories and that scaled profits did not demonstrate differential market power across corporation types. Thus, Russian corporations exhibited considerable financial flexibility, and reducing incorporation costs could have benefited the Imperial Russian economy.
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Veenhof, Klaas. « “Modern” Features in Old Assyrian Trade ». Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 40, no 4 (1997) : 336–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568520972601549.

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AbstractThis contribution presents evidence for “modern” features in Old Assyrian trade (ca. 19th century B.C.), i.e. features not attested in earlier commercial records from ancient Mesopotamia or elsewhere and/or usually considered innovations of classical or early medieval times. It focuses on contractual and legal rules for long-term partnerships (a first step towards company law) and for coping with insolvent, absent or unwilling debtors. It also analyses the implications of bonds in the name of “the (anonymous) creditor,” occasionally designated as “the bearer of the bond,” the earliest evidence of and the first step towards the creation of commercial “bearerâ–™s cheques.”
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Fauzi, Rahmat. « PROSPEK HUKUM ISLAM DI BIDANG PENGUATAN MONETER DENGAN PEMBERLAKUAN MATA UANG DINAR DAN DIRHAM ». JCH (Jurnal Cendekia Hukum) 3, no 2 (29 mars 2018) : 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.33760/jch.v3i2.36.

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The limitation of the use of coins lies in its weight, so that since before Islam, in addition to the currency of the dinar and dirham, also apply to the trade papers and bonds (credit) for large commercial transactions. In running his government, at least the Prophet set nine policies in the field of monetary, among them are: First, let the currency of dinar and dirhams and trade notes and bonds payable. Second, the exemption of tariffs and import duties on imports of gold and silver and commodities from the Persian and Roman regions. Third, the prohibition of money accumulation (kanz). Fourth, the prohibition of stockpiling to maintain the stability of the value of money. Fifth, the prohibition of lending money (riba) which is run along with the prohibition of hoarding money (kanz) has accelerated the circulation of money directed to investment activities. Sixth, encourage interest-free loans (qardhul hasan) and profit sharing and risk sharing models. Seventh, prevent speculative activities. Eighth, increasing the production of goods and services. Ninth, the abolition of the trade monopoly of the Quraysh in Ukaz and Dul-Majaz markets after the conquest of Mecca. The removal of this monopoly improves the efficiency and distribution of better income. Effective demand and demand for money transactions increased so as to speed up the circulation of money.
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Zymovets, Vladyslav, et Galina Yershova. « SHORT-TERM DEBT OF THE CORPORATE SECTOR AND ITS IMPACT ON THE STABILITY OF THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM OF UKRAINE ». Ekonomìka ì prognozuvannâ 2021, no 2 (29 juin 2021) : 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/eip2021.02.069.

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The article deals with the economic essence of accounts payable. It is determined that in the process of deformations in the structure of business capital, it acquires the characteristics of a surrogate source of business financing, which in turn creates risks for the stability of Ukraine’s financial system. The authors describe the main trends in the dynamics and structure of accounts payable and define its impact on the growth of debt burden of non-financial corporations in Ukraine at the aggregate level. A comparison of the volume and growth rates of accounts payable in Ukraine and the EU countries is made, which allows to confirm the hypothesis of the introduction of a distorted model of business financing in Ukraine’s corporate sector. The authors point out that one of the reasons for the abnormally high debt dependence in the NFC sector at the aggregate level is the replacement of equity with other current liabilities (including financial loans from associated physical and legal entities), which allowed to establish such a flexible capital structure, which can help rapidly withdraw assets abroad in the event of macro-financial destabilization or other threats of capital loss related to the insecurity of property rights and the prevalence of fiscal voluntarism in Ukraine. The authors conclude that with the overload of balance sheets with short-term debts against the background of a significant reduction in equity leads to a rapid loss of financial stability. At the same time, under the influence of restrictions on activities and other concomitant barriers to doing business due to the global coronavirus pandemic, the financial depletion of the non-financial corporations sector could lead to a wave of corporate bankruptcies. It is concluded that under the influence of narrowing business access to capital in the financial market there is a rapid increase in lending to domestic business by nonresidents, which gives grounds to conclude that in this way domestic business lends itself, using funds previously withdrawn abroad. Further development of these trends not only can be a catalyst for financial imbalances at the level of individual enterprises, but can also provoke a crisis in the foreign exchange market. The authors substantiate that one of the ways to reduce the volume of current debt obligations is to assist the government in transforming the companies’ short-term liabilities into long-term ones. This can be done by converting the companies’ current liabilities into long-term bonds on a voluntary basis using simplified procedures for registration of their issue, and by registering current liabilities to suppliers (for goods and services) as long-term promissory notes.
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Vladyslav, Zymovets, et Yershova Galina. « Short-term debt of the corporate sector and its impact on the stability of the financial system of Ukraine ». Economy and forecasting 2021, no 2 (30 août 2021) : 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econforecast2021.02.060.

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The article deals with the economic essence of accounts payable. It is determined that in the process of deformations in the structure of business capital, it acquires the characteristics of a surrogate source of business financing, which in turn creates risks for the stability of Ukraine’s financial system. The authors describe the main trends in the dynamics and structure of accounts payable and define its impact on the growth of debt burden of non-financial corporations in Ukraine at the aggregate level. A comparison of the volume and growth rates of accounts payable in Ukraine and the EU countries is made, which allows to confirm the hypothesis of the introduction of a distorted model of business financing in Ukraine’s corporate sector. The authors point out that one of the reasons for the abnormally high debt dependence in the NFC sector at the aggregate level is the replacement of equity with other current liabilities (including financial loans from associated physical and legal entities), which allowed to establish such a flexible capital structure, which can help rapidly withdraw assets abroad in the event of macro-financial destabilization or other threats of capital loss related to the insecurity of property rights and the prevalence of fiscal voluntarism in Ukraine. The authors conclude that with the overload of balance sheets with short-term debts against the background of a significant reduction in equity leads to a rapid loss of financial stability. At the same time, under the influence of restrictions on activities and other concomitant barriers to doing business due to the global coronavirus pandemic, the financial depletion of the non-financial corporations sector could lead to a wave of corporate bankruptcies. It is concluded that under the influence of narrowing business access to capital in the financial market there is a rapid increase in lending to domestic business by nonresidents, which gives grounds to conclude that in this way domestic business lends itself, using funds previously withdrawn abroad. Further development of these trends not only can be a catalyst for financial imbalances at the level of individual enterprises, but can also provoke a crisis in the foreign exchange market. The authors substantiate that one of the ways to reduce the volume of current debt obligations is to assist the government in transforming the companies’ short-term liabilities into long-term ones. This can be done by converting the companies’ current liabilities into long-term bonds on a voluntary basis using simplified procedures for registration of their issue, and by registering current liabilities to suppliers (for goods and services) as long-term promissory notes.
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Livres sur le sujet "Bonds payable to bearer"

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Dews, Jule Neville. Windows of Confederate finance : CSA bearer bonds. Frederick, Md : Stoneridge Institute of Politico-Socio-Economics Press, 1989.

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2

Bharathan, K. The Special Bearer Bonds Scheme : Pedigree and prospects. Madras : Madras Institute of Development Studies, 1985.

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Schaeffer, Mary S. Accounts payable : A guide to running an efficient department. New York : J. Wiley, 1999.

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Khan, Mushtaq A. Potential use of the black economy : A case study of bearer schemes in Pakistan. [Karachi] : Economics Division, NDFC, 1989.

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Blair & Co., dir. Prospectus for issue of $250,000 cotton mill bonds : Wm. Parks & Son Cotton Company, Limited, 7 per cent 1st mortgage bonds, interest payable half yearly .. [St. John, N.B. ? : s.n., 1986.

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Accounts Payable. New York : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2004.

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Ludwig, Mary S., et Institute of Management and Administration (IOMA). Accounts Payable : A Guide to Running An Efficient Department. Wiley, 1998.

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Schaeffer, Mary S., et Institute of Management and Administration (IOMA). Accounts Payable : A Guide to Running an Efficient Department. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2009.

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9

Schaeffer, Mary S. Accounts Payable : A Guide to Running an Efficient Department, 2001 Cumulative Supplement. John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2001.

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List of the Numbers of Certificates of Stock, Voting Trust Certificates, Registered and Bearer Bonds of Companies Incorporated in the United States of. Gale, Making of Modern Law, 2013.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Bonds payable to bearer"

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Korn, Ralf, et Bernd Luderer. « Bearer Bonds and Coupons. Bond Prices and Returns of Bonds ». Dans Money and Mathematics, 87–89. Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-34677-5_24.

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Stambolovski, Zoran, et Hans Abrahamsson. « Sweden ». Dans Security over receivables, 509–29. Oxford University PressOxford, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199550456.003.0034.

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Abstract In Sweden, the distinction between negotiable promissory notes and non-negotiable promissory notes stems from the Promissory Notes Act, which was enacted in 1936. The Promissory Notes Act distinguishes between negotiable promissory notes (löpande skuldebrev), expressed to be payable to (i) the bearer or (ii) a specifi c person or order, and non-negotiable promissory notes (enkla skuldebrev), expressed to be payable to a specifi c person. The provisions of the Promissory Notes Act regarding non-negotiable promissory notes analogously apply to monetary claims or receivables based on means other than a promissory note, eg claims under a guarantee or a contract, which will be the kind of receivables mainly focused upon hereinafter.
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Ferguson, Niall. « The First “Eurobonds”:The Rothschilds and the Financing of the Holy Alliance, 1818-1822 ». Dans The Origins Of Value, 313–26. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195175714.003.0019.

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Abstract The term “eurobond” entered financial parlance in the 1960s to describe the dollar-denominated bearer bonds that came to be not just traded but also issued in European financial markets, principally London. Siegmund Warburg is usually credited with the creation of this new market, which flourished during the 1960s and 1970s as restrictions on bond issuance by foreign corporations in New York were tightened. How ever, the idea of issuing bonds for a government or company in a market and a currency other than the issuing entity’s dates back much further than 1963, the year of the first eurobond issue arranged by Warburg for the Italian highway authority Autostrade. Consider one typical modern definition of a eurobond: “The bonds may or may not be denominated in the currency of the issuer’s domestic jurisdiction and the bonds are sold to investors located in different countries rather than to investors in the place ofissue.” In fact, that definition could perfectly well be applied to two major bond issues that took place nearly a century and a half before the Autostrade loan. Indeed, it is not far-fetched to describe the loans issued by the Rothschild brothers for Prussia and Russia in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars as the first true eurobonds.
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Chowdhury, Debasish Roy, et John Keane. « Chremacracy ». Dans To Kill A Democracy, 184–97. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198848608.003.0009.

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This chapter studies how Indian politics is becoming a chremacracy—a system in which big money rules supreme. In 2018, the already shady party finances system took a quantum leap towards absolute chremacracy when the Modi government introduced electoral bonds, an instrument that allows individuals, corporations, and other legal entities such as trusts and associations anonymously to channel unlimited amounts of money to political parties. Under this new measure, anyone is allowed to buy tax-free bearer bonds for specified amounts via the state-owned State Bank of India (SBI) and then deposit them into the registered bank accounts of political parties. Like political violence, the organized secrecy over money irreversibly distorts the spirit and institutions of electoral democracy. The misallocation of resources that results from poorly regulated campaign spending ensures that elections and governments are captured by special interests. Ultimately, the grip of private money on electoral politics is detrimental to the quality of representation as it skews the field of available choices, and a system of free choice is gamed into one of prompted selection.
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Niven, John. « Old Greenbacks ». Dans Salmon P. Chase, 330–45. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195046533.003.0025.

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Abstract It had been a year of vexing trials and of limited triumphs for Chase and the administration as a whole. In the ongoing patronage contest, Chase had generally gotten his way, but not before the President had slowly and inexorably reduced his scope for independent choice on important patronage positions. However, in minor posts that could be useful politically, Congress had passed legislation broadening Chase’s power to appoint Treasury agents and increasing their numbers. Jay Cooke, whom Chase had made general agent for marketing the 5-20 bonds, had performed magnificently. Utilizing innovative organizing and sales techniques that tapped the currency reserves of the general public, Cooke had sold more than $320 million of these securities. Over Chase’s objections to certain aspects of the bill, Congress approved and Lincoln signed the Third Legal Tender Act which added another $150 million worth of greenbacks and another $50 million in fractional currency to the circulating medium. Chase was also given authority to borrow $900 million dollars in bonds carrying 6 percent interest. At his discretion, $400 million of this sum could be issued as Treasury notes that bore no more than 6 percent interest payable in “lawful money,” or as legal tender, excluding interest payments. The law recognized that Chase should have the authority to set prices in accordance with fluctuating market values.
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Marco, Lamandini, et Muñoz David Ramos. « Part II Qualitative Capital Requirements, 2 The Definition of Common Equity Tier 1 Capital and of Contingent Capital ». Dans Capital and Liquidity Requirements for European Banks. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198867319.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the interpretation and application of Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) and Contingent Capital requirements. The path towards Basel III was marked by the 2007–2009 financial crisis, which prioritised the need to enhance soundness, at the expense of clarity and simplicity. Capital rules now have a more restrictive definition of ‘capital’, but also introduce new ratios, such as the equity capital ratio, and the ‘core capital’ ratio, plus the new measures of contingent capital, and the leverage ratio. They all have complicated the definition of what ‘solvency’ means. The chapter then differentiates between Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital, before considering the challenge of setting the optimal minimum requirements. It also defines CET1 capital in Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR) and CRR II and CET1 capital instruments. Finally, the chapter looks at the role of the European Banking Authority (EBA) in terms of CET1 instruments, before focusing on Contingent Convertible Bonds (CoCos). Under Basel III, CoCos must be deeply subordinated, perpetual, and must pay non-cumulative coupons out distributable profits, payable at the discretion of the issuer.
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Butler, William E. « Securities Regulation ». Dans Russian Law, 519–38. Oxford University PressOxford, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199562220.003.0012.

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Abstract Russian law, following the Soviet law tradition, continues to be distinctive for a broad definition of what falls in the category of ‘securities’.1 The Russian Civil Code defines a security as a ‘document certifying, in compliance with the established form and obligatory prerequisites, property rights whose effectuation or transfer’ is possible only when presenting it (Article 142). Specifically singled out as ‘types’ of securities in the Civil Code are: State bond, bill of exchange, cheque, deposit and savings certificates, bank bearer savings book, bill of lading, stock, and privatization securities (Article 143). Laws on securities may designate other documents as securities or create a procedure for making such a determination. Notwithstanding the reference to a security as a ‘document’, the Russian Civil Code also recognized ‘paperless securities’ (Article 149). Of the types of security mentioned, stocks and bonds are the subject of the most extensive regulation, and we shall dwell on them in this chapter.
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Checketts, Richard. « Adam van Vianen and Ghosts of Silver in the Late Renaissance World ». Dans Silver, 227–47. British AcademyOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197267547.003.0011.

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Abstract This chapter attends to a work of art created in the Netherlands in the early seventeenth century. A small ewer made by the Utrecht silversmith Adam van Vianen, the object was fêted for its singular display of skill, in liquescent animal forms merging into vague allusions to the human body, all intricately fashioned from a single sheet of silver. It had been commissioned by the Amsterdam silversmith’s guild to commemorate the death of another silversmith, the artist’s own brother. Made to address the discernment of men knowledgeable in silver and its properties, the work was the expression of enfolded intimacies – of the bonds of a profession, of fraternal love and mourning, of the delicate manipulation of metal. At the same time, it opened out more extensive questions. Something quite distinct from a memorial in any conventional sense, Adam van Vianen’s ewer was a return of the dead in unsettled forms, a reflection on the complex relations between matter and what constitutes the human, and a blurring of the status of silver as a bearer of value and social relations.
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Goetzmann, William N., et Laura Williams. « From Tallies and Chirographs to Franklin’s Printing Press at Passy:The Evolution of the Technology of Financial Claims ». Dans The Origins Of Value, 105–22. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195175714.003.0007.

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Abstract In the process of reading and interpreting financial documents, it is easy to ignore their physical, technical nature as financial instruments. True, documents like printed share certificates or handwritten bonds have considerable textual information explaining their use, but their primary feature is that they physically represent the legal claims of their owners. Consider, for example, the 500-franc 3 percent bearer bond issued in 1879 by the Compagnie Universelle du Canal Maritime de Suez. It is historically and economically important because it was used to finance the construction of the Suez Canal. The graphic design for the bond shows an aerial view of the proposed canal, Egyptian archaeological scenes, and stylized representations of the commodities the shareholders hope to ship through the new waterway: a mallet, pick, shovel, gear, and compass from Europe and America; ivory, textiles, and agricultural goods from Asia and Africa. As important as the text and the graphics, however, are the bond’s technical features. The panel (or face) in the upper right of the document specifies the obligation and describes the right of the holder of the security: a semiannual payment of 7 francs 50 on the first of March and the first of September each year until 1934, and a reimbursement of the 500-franc capital by way of annual drawings over the next fifty years.
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