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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Bolometri »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 9 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Bolometri"

Ahmad Beig, Mirza Tanweer, Mukesh Kumar, Yogesh Sharma et Bhoopesh Kumar Sharma. « A Terahertz/Millimeter-Wave Based Detection and Imaging System Using Antenna-Coupled Microbolometer ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2335, n^o 1 (1 septembre 2022) : 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2335/1/012005.

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Abstract The Terahertz (THz) region lie in the range 0.1 THz to 10 THz. It can pass easily through fog, smoke, thin walls, and clothes and be focused as a light wave to create images of objects. Terahertz waves are applied in imaging technology, such as safety, navigation, and non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique used for materials analysis. A microbolometer is a micromachined device to measure the inherent power of incident electromagnetic radiation. The resistance of bolometer is temperature-dependent, and it varies with changes in the temperature of the exposed surface. Bolometric detectors dominate the market due to their affordability and ease of manufacturing. Despite their slow response time, the systems are still actively employed in the research area, aiming at improved terahertz detection. The antenna and bolometer are coupled. The chosen antenna has a resonance at desired frequency leading to the development of fast response time bolometers without compromising the collection area of the bolometer. The system has low cost, easy fabrication, and better isolation. Antenna simulations were conducted to design and optimize the spiral antenna for 1 to 2.5 THz using HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) simulation software. The antenna simulation results are presented and discussed.

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Poda, Denys, et Andrea Giuliani. « Low background techniques in bolometers for double-beta decay search ». International Journal of Modern Physics A 32, n^o 30 (30 octobre 2017) : 1743012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x17430126.

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Bolometers are low temperature particle detectors with high energy resolution and detection efficiency. Some types of bolometric detectors are also able to perform an efficient particle identification. A wide variety of radiopure dielectric and diamagnetic materials makes the bolometric technique favorable for applications in astroparticle physics. In particular, thanks to their superior performance, bolometers play an important role in the worldwide efforts on searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Such experiments strongly require an extremely low level of the backgrounds that can easily mimic the process searched for. Here, we overview recent progress in the development of low background techniques for bolometric double-beta decay searches.

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KHREBTOV, I. A. « NOISE PROPERTIES OF HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTING BOLOMETERS ». Fluctuation and Noise Letters 02, n^o 02 (juin 2002) : R51—R70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477502000671.

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The review describes the noise properties of the high temperature superconducting (HTS) bolometers developed for the applications in the optical electronic devices of infrared and submillimeter wave-lengths. The principle of high-Tc transition edge bolometer operation and bolometer noise theory are considered, taking into account the peculiarities of constant bias current and constant bias voltage modes. The published results of bolometer noise modeling are discussed. Various sources of the excess 1/f-noise in HTS films as temperature sensitive element for bolometer are reviewed, including the experimental data and modern noise models. Comparative analysis of noise characteristics of the most developed HTS bolometers for application (antenna-coupled microbolometers and bolometers based on silicon micromachining technology) is reported.

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Uddin, Nezam, Qiwen Sheng, Seungsup Lee, Matthew L. Reinke, David Donovan, Morgan Shafer et Ming Han. « Multichannel Fiber-Optic Silicon Fabry–Pérot Interferometric Bolometer System for Plasma Radiation Measurements ». Photonics 8, n^o 9 (25 août 2021) : 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8090344.

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A single-channel fiber-optic bolometer system based on a high-finesse silicon Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI) was previously reported, intended to measure plasma radiation from the magnetically confined fusion chamber. Recently, we developed a multichannel fiber-optic bolometer system with five bolometers multiplexed using a coarse wavelength division multiplexer (CWDM) and interrogated with a white-light system involving a superluminescent light-emission diode source and a high-speed spectrometer. One of the bolometers was used as the reference bolometer to compensate for the ambient temperature variations, and the other four bolometers were used for radiation measurement. The bolometers have a simple structure with a silicon pillar at the end of the single-mode fiber and a gold disk on the other side of the silicon pillar. They are also easy to fabricate without stringent requirements on the optical alignment. Analysis of the system optimization was performed to improve the noise performance and to mitigate the vibration effect that may present in the practical application. The system had a significantly enhanced measurement range compared to the previous high-finesse FPI bolometer system for measuring radiation. Test results performed in air using a 405 nm laser as the radiation source showed that the temperature resolution and the noise-equivalent power density of the sensing bolometers connected to each channel of the CWDM were, respectively, ~0.4 mK and ~0.1 W/m2, with a time constant of ~220 ms, which is comparable to the previous more complicated fiber-optic bolometer systems based on high-finesse FPIs that were interrogated using wavelength-scanning lasers.

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Federici, Fabio, Matthew L. Reinke, Bruce Lipschultz, Andrew J. Thornton, James R. Harrison, Jack J. Lovell et Matthias Bernert. « Design and implementation of a prototype infrared video bolometer (IRVB) in MAST Upgrade ». Review of Scientific Instruments 94, n^o 3 (1 mars 2023) : 033502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0128768.

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A prototype infrared video bolometer (IRVB) was successfully deployed in the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak Upgrade (MAST Upgrade or MAST-U), the first deployment of such a diagnostic in a spherical tokamak. The IRVB was designed to study the radiation around the lower x-point, another first in tokamaks, and has the potential to estimate emissivity profiles with spatial resolution beyond what is achievable with resistive bolometry. The system was fully characterized prior to installation on MAST-U, and the results are summarized here. After installation, it was verified that the actual measurement geometry in the tokamak qualitatively matches the design; this is a particularly difficult process for bolometers and was done using specific features of the plasma itself. The installed IRVB measurements are consistent both with observations from other diagnostics, including magnetic reconstruction, visible light cameras, and resistive bolometry, as well as with the IRVB-designed view. Early results show that with conventional divertor geometry and only intrinsic impurities (for example, C and He), the progression of radiative detachment follows a similar path to that observed for large aspect ratio tokamaks: The peak of the radiation moves along the separatrix from the targets to the x-point and high-field side midplane with a toroidally symmetric structure that can eventually lead to strong effects on the core plasma inside the separatrix.

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Юсупов, Р. А., А. А. Гунбина, А. М. Чекушкин, Д. В. Нагирная, С. А. Лемзяков, В. С. Эдельман et М. А. Тарасов. « Квантовый отклик болометра на основе структуры СИНИС с подвешенным абсорбером ». Физика твердого тела 62, n^o 9 (2020) : 1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2020.09.49761.11h.

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Bolometers based on the structure of a superconductor - insulator - normal metal - insulator - superconductor with an absorber suspended above the substrate have been developed, manufactured, and experimentally investigated in the THz frequency range. In such structures, in contrast to the previously studied bolometers with an absorber located directly on the substrate, the bolometric mode of operation of the receiver is realized, i.e., more than one electron is excited per quantum of radiation (quantum efficiency greater than 1). In the studied bolometers, it was possible to achieve a quantum efficiency of 15 electrons per radiation quantum with a frequency of 350 GHz.

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Демьяненко, М. А., et В. В. Старцев. « Применение неохлаждаемых микроболометров для регистрации импульсного терагерцового и инфракрасного излучения ». Журнал технической физики 92, n^o 3 (2022) : 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2022.03.52139.190-21.

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Analytical relations for temperature response of the bolometer to periodic radiation pulses are obtained. It is theoretically shown and experimentally confirmed by the example of infrared bolometers that when detecting short radiation pulses, in contrast to the case of constant radiation, increasing the thermal conductivity of the bolometer and, accordingly, decreasing its thermal relaxation time, it is possible to significantly increase the response rate of the receiver, practically without reducing its sensitivity. The possibility of effective registration of pulsed terahertz radiation by microbolometers with a resistively coupled, thermally non-isolated antenna is considered. It is shown that such bolometers, which have increased thermal conductivity and, accordingly, reduced sensitivity to continuous-wave radiation, can be highly effective when detecting pulsed radiation with a duration shorter than the thermal relaxation time of the bolometer. On their basis, uncooled matrix detectors of pulsed terahertz radiation, characterized by a minimum detectable energy of less than 110-12 J and a frame rate of up to 1000 Hz, can be developed.

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Zolotarova, Anastasiia. « Bolometric Double Beta Decay Experiments : Review and Prospects ». Symmetry 13, n^o 12 (26 novembre 2021) : 2255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13122255.

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This review aims to cover the history and recent developments on cryogenic bolometers for neutrinoless double beta decay (0ν2β) searches. A 0ν2β decay observation would confirm the total lepton charge non-conservation, which is related to a global U(1)LC symmetry. This discovery would also provide essential information on neutrino masses and nature, opening the door to new physics beyond the Standard Model. The bolometric technology shows good prospects for future ton-scale experiments that aim to fully investigate the inverted ordering region of neutrino masses. The big advantage of bolometers is the high energy resolution and the possibility of particle identification, as well as various methods of additional background rejection. The CUORE experiment has proved the feasibility of ton-scale cryogenic experiments, setting the most stringent limit on 130Te 0ν2β decay. Two CUPID demonstrators (CUPID-0 and CUPID-Mo) have set the most stringent limits on 82Se and 100Mo isotopes, respectively, with compatibly low exposures. Several experiments are developing new methods to improve the background in the region of interest with bolometric detectors. CUPID and AMoRE experiments aim to cover the inverted hierarchy region, using scintillating bolometers with hundreds of kg of 100Mo. We review all of these efforts here, with a focus on the different types of radioactive background and the measures put in place to mitigate them.

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Ma, He, Xinping Zhang, Zhichao Zhang, Yu Wang, Guang Wang, Feifei Liu, Ruixue Cui et al. « Infrared micro-detectors with high sensitivity and high response speed using VO2-coated helical carbon nanocoils ». Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, n^o 39 (2019) : 12095–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc02833a.

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Dem'yanenko M. A. et Startsev V. V. « Application of uncooled microbolometers for detecting pulsed terahertz and infrared radiation ». Technical Physics 92, n^o 3 (2022) : 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tp.2022.03.53266.190-21.

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Analytical relations for temperature response of the bolometer to periodic radiation pulses are obtained. It is theoretically shown and experimentally confirmed by the example of infrared bolometers that when detecting short radiation pulses, in contrast to the case of constant radiation, increasing the thermal conductivity of the bolometer and, accordingly, decreasing its thermal relaxation time, it is possible to significantly increase the response rate of the receiver, practically without reducing its sensitivity. The possibility of effective registration of pulsed terahertz radiation by microbolometers with a resistively coupled, thermally non-isolated antenna is considered. It is shown that such bolometers, which have increased thermal conductivity and, accordingly, reduced sensitivity to continuous-wave radiation, can be highly effective when detecting pulsed radiation with a duration shorter than the thermal relaxation time of the bolometer. On their basis, uncooled matrix detectors of pulsed terahertz radiation, characterized by a minimum detectable energy of less than 1·10-12 J and a frame rate of up to 1000 Hz, can be developed. Keywords: microbolometer, pulsed terahertz radiation, antenna.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Bolometri"

BERETTA, MATTIA. « Application and development of scintillation based detectors for the investigation of neutrino physics in double beta decay experiments ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/261929.

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L’attività di ricerca da me svolta durante il dottorato di ricerca è stata legata all’applicazione e sviluppo di rivelatori a scintillazione criogenici, pensati per la ricerca del decadimento doppio beta senza emissione di neutrini (0νββ). Ho analizzato due possibili implementazioni di questa tecnica: rivelatori ad alte prestazioni basati sulla lettura della luce di scintillazione e rivelatori bolometrici a scintillazione con doppia lettura. Il rivelatore per 0νββ basato sulla scintillazione che ho studiato è costituito da cristalli scintillanti, contenenti l’isotopo candidato al 0νββ, accoppiati otticamente a rivelatori a deriva in silicio (Silicon Drift Detectors, SDD), utilizzati come lettori di luce e operati a 120K. Il mio lavoro è stato dedicato alla caratterizzazione degli SDD, per mezzo di misure dirette con raggi X e misure di scintillazione. Le misure con raggi X sono state utilizzate per caratterizzare gli SDD progettati appositamente per questa applicazione dalla Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), che sono i dispositivi di questo tipo con singolo anodo più grandi mai prodotti. I risultati ottenuti mostrano il livello estremamente basso di rumore elettronico raggiunto da questi rivelatori, dimostrando che questa caratteristica non ne limita le prestazioni. Le misure di scintillazione, invece, sono state realizzate accoppiando un cristallo di CdWO4 al SDD, permettendo di valutare la risoluzione energetica del rivelatore complessivo. Con diverse misure, ho dimostrato che la risoluzione energetica è limitata dalla efficienza di raccolta di carica del SDD, non uniforme sulla superficie del rivelatore. Per risolvere questo problema, una nuova serie di SDD che correggono questa caratteristica è stata progettata e prodotta da FBK. Al fianco di questo sviluppo tecnico, ho lavorato come membro della collaborazione CUPID-0 all’analisi dei dati raccolti dall’esperimento. CUPID-0 è un rivelatore bolometrico a scintillazione composto da 26 cristalli di ZnSe, 24 dei quali arricchiti in 82Se, un candidato al 0νββ. Combinando la buona risoluzione energetica del canale di calore con l’identificazione delle particelle resa possibile dal segnale di luce, CUPID-0 è stato in grado di raggiungere il fondo più basso mai raggiunto da un esperimento bolometrico per la ricerca del 0νββ. Grazie a questo risultato, è stato possibile estrarre il miglior limite sulla vita media del 0νββ del 82Se, dimostrando le alte prestazioni di questo approccio sperimentale. Con il mio lavoro ho ottenuto un ulteriore miglioramento della risoluzione energetica, correggendo la correlazione tra luce e calore. Anche grazie a questo nuovo passaggio di analisi, un nuovo limite sulla vita media del 0νββ del 82Se è stato ottenuto, utilizzando tutti i dati raccolti nella prima fase dell’esperimento. Ho anche contribuito alla definizione del modello del fondo dell’esperimento, sviluppando un sistema di analisi per caratterizzare le contaminazioni superficiali dei cristalli. Sfruttando i risultati del modello di fondo, ho poi potuto mettere un limite alla violazione della simmetria di Lorentz nelle interazioni dei neutrini, ottenuto analizzando la forma dello spettro del decadimento doppio beta a due neutrini del 82Se. Il lavoro da me svolto mi ha consentito di acquisire esperienza nell’operazione e analisi dati di scintillatori operati a temperature criogeniche, spendibili sulle diverse tecniche sperimentali che ho approfondito e estendibili ad altre applicazioni basate su questo tipo di rivelatori.
The research activity during my PhD has been devoted to the application and development of cryogenic scintillation detectors for the search of neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ). I investigated two implementations of this design: high performance detectors based on the light output readout and the double-readout scintillating bolometers. The scintillation based 0νββ detector that I investigated is based on scintillating crystals, containing a 0νββ candidate, optically coupled to Silicon Drift Detectors (SDDs) operated as light detectors at 120K. My work was dedicated to the characterization of the SDD detectors, performing both X-ray and scintillation measurements. The X-ray measurements served as a testing ground for the devices designed and produced for this application by Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), which are the biggest single anode SDDs ever built. The obtained results showed that these devices have excellent noise performances, proving that the electronic noise is not a limiting factor in this application. The scintillation measurements performed with a CdWO4 crystal coupled with a SDD, instead, allowed to evaluate the attainable energy resolution. With different measurement, I showed that the energy resolution is limited by the variable charge collection efficiency of the SDD surface. To solve this problem, a new series of SDDs with uniform efficiency is going to be designed and produced at FBK. Alongside this technical development, I worked as a member of the CUPID-0 collaboration in the data analysis. CUPID-0 is a scintillating bolometer composed by 26 ZnSe crystals, 24 of which are enriched in 82Se, a 0νββ candidate. Combining the good energy resolution given by the heat channel readout and the particle identification given by the light signal, CUPID-0 was able to reach the lowest background ever reached by a bolometric experiment in the region of interest for the 0νββ. Consequently, the best limit on the 0νββ of 82Se could be extracted, showing the efficiency of this technological approach. I obtained an ulterior enhancement of the attainable energy resolution in the heat channel, by the means of the light/heat correlation correction. With this new analysis step, a new limit was obtained on the 0νββ half-life of 82Se, calculated with the total statistic of the first phase of the experiment. I also worked in the definition of the background model for the CUPID-0 experiment, developing an analysis routine to characterize the surface contamination of crystals. Exploiting the result of the background model I could put a limit on the Lorentz violation in the neutrino sector, analyzing the shape of the 2νββ spectrum. My research work allowed me to acquire a solid know-how on scintillators operated at cryogenic temperatures, expendable in between the two technological routes I have followed and extendable to other scintillation-based applications.

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Šalomoun, Vojtěch. « Studium teplotních parametrů nanostrukturovaného senzoru pro detekci IR ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241151.

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Theodoro, Victor Cominato. « Estudo espectral das instabilidades MHD no tokamak TCABR ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-18112014-153714/.

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Neste trabalho foram estudadas instabilidades magnetohidrodinâmicas (MHD) utilizando um novo sistema bolométrico que foi instalado no tokamak TCABR para medidas da evolução temporal da potência irradiada. Este novo sistema conta com 24 cordas verticais, capazes de mapear toda uma secção poloidal da coluna de plasma com resolução espacial de aproximadamente 2 cm e uma resolução temporal de 20 µs. Como se sabe, as instabilidades MHD degradam o connamento do plasma e modicam a topologia das superfícies magnéticas, causando a perda da energia do plasma. Por conta disso, compreender essas instabilidades é fundamental para o sucesso dos futuros reatores de fusão nuclear. As perturbações (oscilações) causadas pelas instabilidades MHD modulam diversos parâmetros macroscópicos do plasma como a densidade, a temperatura e a potência irradiada. Então, utilizando o diagnóstico bolométrico, é possível medir as oscilações no perl de potência irradiada e, a partir deles, extrair informações importantes para determinar a origem e as características de tais instabilidades. No tokamak TCABR, as instabilidades foram caracterizadas através da análise espectral dos 24 sinais provenientes do novo sistema bolométrico. Para auxiliar a caracterização das instabilidades, um programa foi desenvolvido em Matlab para simular as medidas das perturbações no perl de potência irradiada. Através do mesmo procedimento de análise espectral, os resultados simulados foram comparados aos experimentais de forma que os parâmetros simulados, como largura e posição das ilhas magnéticas, fossem ajustados aos experimentais. Através dessa metodologia de análise, que combina simulação e experimento, foi possível caracterizar diversas instabilidades como o precursor dos dentes de serra e ilhas magnéticas de modos m = 2 e m = 3.
In this dissertation, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities were investigated using a new bolometric system that was installed in the TCABR tokamak for radiation power measurements. This diagnostic is composed by 24 vertical chords that provide a full view of the poloidal cross section of the plasma column and provides spatial and temporal proles with approximately 2 cm space and 20 µs time resolution. As it is well known, the MHD instabilities degrade the plasma connement and modify the magnetic topology, leading to energy loss from the plasma. Therefore, the understanding of these instabilities is essential for the success of the controlled thermonuclear fusion reactors. The MHD instabilities also cause perturbations (oscillations) in various macroscopic parameters, such as plasma density, temperature, and radiated power. Therefore, the oscillations in the radiated power prole measured by the bolometric diagnostic system provide a possibility to investigate the origin and features of the instabilities. In the TCABR tokamak, the instabilities were characterized by spectral analysis of the 24 vertical chords of the bolometric signals. In addition, a Matlab program was developed to simulate the integral characteristic of the oscillations in the radiated power measured by the bolometric system. The spectral analysis of the simulated signals is then compared with the spectral analysis of the bolometric signals. The simulated parameters, island width and radial position, were then adjusted to t the experimental spectrum results. Using this method of analysis, which combines experiment and simulation, it was possible to characterize various instabilities, such as sawtooth precursor and m = 2 and m = 3 magnetic islands.

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Hollister, Matthew Ian. « SCUBA-2 instrument : an application of large-format superconducting bolometer arrays for submillimetre astronomy ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3855.

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This thesis concerns technical aspects related to the design and operation of the submillimetre common-user bolometer array 2 (SCUBA-2) instrument, a new wide-field camera for submillimetre astronomy currently undergoing commissioning on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Offering unprecedented sensitivity and mapping capabilities, SCUBA-2 is expected to make a major impact in surveys of the sky at submillimetre wavelengths, a largely unexplored part of the electromagnetic spectrum, and provide better understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies, stars and planets by providing large, unbiased samples of such objects. SCUBA-2 uses large arrays of bolometers, with superconducting transition edge sensors (TESs) as the temperature-sensitive element. TES devices are a relatively new technology, utilising the sharp resistance change between the normal and superconducting states to make a sensitive thermistor. Kilopixel arrays of such devices are multiplexed using superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). This thesis derives the key detector performance parameters, and presents analysis of engineering data to confirm the detector performance on array scales. A key issue for bolometric instruments for far infrared and submillimetre astronomy is the need to operate at extremely low temperatures in the sub-kelvin and millikelvin ranges to achieve the necessary detector sensitivity. This work describes the design, testing and performance of the liquid cryogen-free millikelvin cryostat, the first such instrument to be deployed for astronomy. Subsequent chapters detail the design and testing of a magnetic shielding scheme for the instrument, an important aspect of the operation of superconducting devices. Based on experience with the construction and testing of this instrument, a number of potential improvements for future instruments are presented and discussed.

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Campbell, E. S. « Millimetre and submillimetre bolometric interferometry ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597259.

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I start by presenting simulations of the noise performance of Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor (SIS) direct detectors, combined with op-amp based readout electronics. This involves the combination of non-linear device modelling, with a detailed noise model of both the SIS junction and the readout-electronics. Using this model, I show that an SIS direct detector can be competitive in terms of noise performance with a transition edge sensor, provided the junction is biased well below the gap, and that the gap is tailored to the observing frequency. I then describe a set of experiments aimed at measuring the noise performance of a tantalum aluminium SIS device combined with op-amp based readout. I compare the results of these experiments with the predictions of my model, and show that they are in excellent agreement. Using the modelling software I have developed, I predict the lowest noise equivalent power achievable with this device as being 1.3 x 10^-17W/√Hz, over a video bandwidth of 5 kHz. The expected dynamic range is 91 dB. I also describe the development and testing of the first submillimetre, single-chip, beam combining interferometer. This uses a superconducting chip, on which both the beam combination and detection occur. Two designs of chip were tested, one using a directional coupler for the beam combination, the other using a 90° hybrid. Both designs resulted in the measurement of fringe patterns that agree remarkably well with theory. The final part of this work concerns the development of a new modal theory of interferometry. The aim of this work was to accurately describe the partially coherent behaviour of multi-moded bolometric interferometers. My first attempt uses an approach based on the eigenmodes of the optical system. This was successful, but it became apparent that a more elegant solution existed. This alternative approach introduces the concept of eigenfields. These are the fundamental field distributions associated with an optical system. The can be found using the singular value decomposition, and, as I demonstrate, they allow the accurate simulation of multi-modal bolometric interferometers.

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Leder, Alexander Friedrich Sebastian. « Rare-event searches with bolometers ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119106.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 173-185).
Rare-event searches have played an integral part in the pursuit of physics beyond the Standard Model, offering us the chance to bridge the disparity between our current understanding and observed phenomena such as Dark Matter (DM) or the nature of neutrino masses. Over the last 30 years, these experiments have grown larger and more sophisticated, allowing us to probe new and exciting theories of the universe. At the same time, we have started to apply the technologies and techniques used in rare-event searches to areas of applied physics, for example; reactor monitoring using Coherent Elastic Neutrino Nucleon Scattering (CEvNS) with Ricochet. In this thesis, I will discuss the hardware and analysis techniques required to design, construct, and extract results from these low background, rare-event searches. In particular, I will discuss the hardware and analysis related to the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS), CEvNS detection with Ricochet and the measurement of the effective nuclear quenching factor g, via shape analysis of the highly forbidden In-115 beta spectrum. The latter measurement has far reaching consequences for all neutrino-less double beta decay experiments, independent of isotope.
by Alexander Friedrich Sebastian Leder.
Ph. D.

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Brien, Thomas. « The silicon cold-electron bolometer ». Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/77064/.

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This thesis describes the development and testing of two cold-electron bolometers using highly-doped silicon as the absorber. These detectors exhibit both high sensitivity and low time constants. High sensitivity is achieved due to the weak thermal-link between the electrons and the phonons in the silicon absorber at low temperature (< 1 K). Schottky barriers form naturally between the highly-doped silicon absorber and the superconducting contacts. Selective tunnelling of electrons across these Schottky barriers allows the electron temperature in the silicon absorber to be cooled to below the thermal bath temperature. This direct electron-cooling acts as thermoelectric feedback, reducing the time constant of a cold-electron bolometer to below 1 µs. In this work, the underlying physics of these devices is discussed and two devices are presented: one with a highly-doped silicon absorber and the other with strained highly-doped silicon used as the absorber. The design of these detectors is discussed and results are found from numerous characterisation experiments, including optical measurements. These measurements show that a prototype device, using a strained and highly-doped silicon absorber, has a noise-equivalent power of 6.6 × 10^-17 W/rtHz. When photon noise (which dominated this measurement) and noise from the amplifier are disregarded, the underlying device-limited noise-equivalent power is 2.0 × 10^-17 W/rtHz. By measuring the photon noise, the time constant of this detector has been determined to be less than 1.5 µs. When compared to the device using unstrained silicon, it is clear that the straining of the silicon absorber, which reduces the electron-phonon coupling, produces a notable improvement in detector performance. Furthermore, a novel amplifier-readout technique, whereby the outputs of two matched amplifiers are cross correlated is introduced; this technique reduces the input-referred amplifier noise from 1 nV/rtHz to 300 pV/rtHz.

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Youngblood, Brian Joaquin. « Bolometer diagnostics on Alcator C-mod ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33629.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-76).
Bolometry is a diagnostic technique common to most tokamak fusion experiments. Bolometers are so widespread because they provide an important measure of the energy lost from confined plasmas as radiation, as well as being relatively simple and resilient in their construction. Here the bolometric diagnostics of the Alcator C-mod tokamak, their function, limitations, and the details of their calibration, operation, and maintenance are covered. In addition, the results of a variety of investigations into the behavior of C-mod plasmas as observed by bolometers are presented and discussed. The measurements dealt with are either measurements of total power radiated by the plasma or measurements of radial emissivity profiles. Measurements of the first kind are suitable for studying the effects of factors like net input power while measurements of the second kind are useful for studying the effects of factors like local temperature profiles and plasma composition.
by Brian Joaquin Youngblood.
S.M.

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GAEL, MARIE-MAGDELEINE. « Thermalisation de l'energie dans un bolometre pour la detection d'ions ». Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA077139.

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Cette these porte sur l'etude de deux aspects du fonctionnement des bolometres en vue d'application a la detection d'ions : les mecanismes physiques de thermalisation de l'energie deposee et etude de la resolution en energie du detecteur. Du reseau des caracteristiques courant-tension des thermometres nous deduisons les modalites de circulation de la chaleur dans le detecteur. Nous analysons ainsi la fuite thermique vers le bain et nous caracterisons le couplage electrons-phonons du materiau des thermometres. L'etude du bolometre en regime dynamique nous permet de rendre compte du processus de thermalisation de l'energie deposee par l'ion. Les thermometres sont non seulement des outils de mesure de la temperature mais aussi le lieu de thermalisation de l'energie. Nous montrons que le couplage electrons-phonons varie en t#5. La capacite calorifique des thermometres, quant a elle est proportionnelle a la temperature, ce qui implique une variation du temps de reponse du bolometre en t#-#4. Ce temps de reponse est le facteur limitant de rapidite dans nos experiences. Nous montrons aussi dans cette these la forte sensibilite de la forme des signaux en fonction de la position du point d'impact sur l'absorbeur. Nous obtenons une resolution de l'ordre de 45 kev pour les alphas de 5. 5 mev d'une source d'americium. La resolution apparait limitee par les fluctuations de ligne de base du bolometre dues a des vibrations mecaniques dans la gamme de frequences constitutives des signaux. L'elimination de ces parasites est necessaire pour affiner la resolution en energie.

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Leong, Jonathan Ryan Kyoung Ho. « Characterization of the Polarization and Frequency Selective Bolometric Detector Architecture ». Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1232487119.

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Livres sur le sujet "Bolometri"

Tabib-Azar, Massood. Comparative study of bolometric and non-bolometric switching elements for microwave phase shifters. [Washington, DC] : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1991.

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Walcott, Torrence M. Bolometers : Theory, types, and applications. New York : Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Walcott, Torrence M., et Torrence M. Walcott. Bolometers : Theory, types, and applications. New York : Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Rudolf, Decher, Baugher Charles R et George C. Marshall Space Flight Center., dir. Big Mac : A bolometer array for mid-infrared astronomy, Center Director's Discretionary Fund final report. [Marshall Space Flight Center, Ala.] : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, 1985.

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Vignati, Marco. Model of the Response Function of CUORE Bolometers. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1232-4.

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service), SpringerLink (Online, dir. Model of the Response Function of CUORE Bolometers. Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011.

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National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.), dir. A calibration service for coaxial reference standards for microwave power. [Gaithersburg, Md.?] : U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1995.

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M, Rajeswari, Goyal Anuja et United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., dir. High Tc superconducting bolometric and nonbolometric infrared (IR) detectors : Annual report, 1994/1995. [Washington, DC : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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Michael, Nahum, Villegier Jean-Claude et Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., dir. High-temperature superconducting detectors, bolometric and nonbolometric : 25-26 January 1994, Los Angeles, California. Bellingham, Wash., USA : SPIE, 1994.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., dir. High Tc superconducting bolometric and nonbolometric infrared (IR) detectors : Semiannual report, August 93 - April 1994. [Washington, DC : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Bolometri"

Weik, Martin H. « bolometry ». Dans Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 137. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_1751.

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Rouan, Daniel. « Bolometric Magnitude ». Dans Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 331. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_203.

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Rouan, Daniel. « Bolometric Magnitude ». Dans Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 215. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_203.

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Rouan, Daniel. « Bolometric Magnitude ». Dans Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_203-2.

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Rouan, Daniel. « Bolometer ». Dans Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 330. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_202.

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Rouan, Daniel. « Bolometer ». Dans Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 215. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_202.

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Rouan, Daniel. « Bolometer ». Dans Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_202-2.

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Lonsdale, Carol J. « Bolometric Luminosity Evolution ». Dans Spectral Evolution of Galaxies, 91–96. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4598-2_9.

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Reichle, R., J. C. Fuchs, R. M. Giannella, N. A. C. Gottardi, H. J. Jäckel, K. F. Mast, P. R. Thomas et P. Van Belle. « Bolometer for ITER ». Dans Diagnostics for Experimental Thermonuclear Fusion Reactors, 559–70. Boston, MA : Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0369-5_69.

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Simoens, François. « THz Bolometer Detectors ». Dans Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 35–75. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3837-9_2.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Bolometri"

Elamaran, Durgadevi, Hiroaki Satoh et Hiroshi Inokawa. « Comparative Study on Temperature Sensors for Antenna-Coupled Bolometers : MOSFET, PN Junction Diode and Resistor ». Dans JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2017.7a_a409_7.

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Temperature sensor is the most important element in bolometers, and many kinds of sensors, such as resistor (thermistor), pn-junction diode, FET, etc., have been reported. However, there is a tradeoff between responsivity and output noise, and fair comparison has not been made among different devices and materials. This time, we systematically compare the performances of MOSFETs (n- and p-channel), pn-junction diodes (with and without body doping) and resistors with different materials (n+ and p+ single-crystal Si, and n+ polycrystalline Si) by assuming the 1-THz antenna-coupled bolometer that allows the area of 15 μm × 15 μm for the integrated heater and the temperature sensor.

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Semenikhin, T. A., et M. V. Pruzhinskaya. « Bolometric light curves and parameters of superbright supernova explosions ». Dans Всероссийская с международным участием научная конференция студентов и молодых ученых, посвященная памяти Полины Евгеньевны Захаровой «Астрономия и исследование космического пространства». Ural University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3229-8.47.

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The goal of this work is to obtain bolometric light curves of superluminous supernovae using data from the Open Supernova Catalog of and vector-valued Gaussian processes. With the help of theoretical and analytical simulations, parameters of supernova explosions, such as the explosion energy and the mass of the produced radioactive elements, will be extracted from the obtained bolometric light curves.

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Grischkowsky, Daniel. « Terahertz radiation and spectroscopy ». Dans OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1993.fd.1.

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Various mechanisms for generating short pulses of terahertz radiation by excitation with ultrafast laser pulses are described, together with optoelectronic and bolometric means of terahertz detection.

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Khan, Mohammad Wahiduzzaman, et Ozdal Boyraz. « Polarization Sensitive Terahertz Bolometer ». Dans CLEO : Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2022.jth3a.43.

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We present a novel uncooled terahertz bolometric sensor based on plasmonic absorbers and phase-changing transducer beams. The device facilitates simultaneous sensing of incident radiation intensity and polarization by utilizing polarization-dependent plasmonic field enhancement.

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Frydendahl, Christian, S. R. K. Chaitanya Indukuri, Taget-Raghavendran Devidas, Noa Mazurski, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Hadar Steinberg et Uriel Levy. « Hot Carrier Photodection In Graphene Coupled To a Plasmonc Grating Via 1D Electrodes ». Dans CLEO : QELS_Fundamental Science. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_qels.2022.ff4c.7.

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We show here how encapsulated graphene devices can be laterally coupled to plasmonic gratings, preserving the ultra-high mobility of encapsulated graphene, while still enhancing its optical coupling. Our device also works as a bolometric photodetector.

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Goebel, J. H., W. F. Brooks et P. Kittel. « Ultra High Responsivity 3He-Cooled Bolometers ». Dans Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1980.ffc1.

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We have designed and tested an ultra high responsivity liquid helium-3 refrigerated bolometer for use in low-background applications. The bolometer consists of a single germanium crystal 1/4 x 1/4 x 1/4 mm with contacts at diagonally opposite corners. A short length of gold wire (0.7 mil diameter) is bonded to the contact which is soldered to 5 mm lengths of 1/2 mil stainless steel wire. The other end of each of the stainless steel wires is bonded to a metallized diamond heatsink for the 0.3°K bath. Secondary heatsinking of incoming electrical leads is with indium buried copper transformer wire. The result is a high sensitivity yet fast (10 ms time constant) bolometer suitable for use in low background environments with PB < 250 pw.

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Niesler, Fabian B., et Martin Wegener. « Metamaterial bolometers ». Dans Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference. Washington, D.C. : OSA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/qels.2012.qm3f.4.

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Peterson, Jeffrey B., A. T. Bollinger, A. Berzyadin, D. Bock et K. Garcia. « Nanowire Bolometers ». Dans Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation, sous la direction de Thomas G. Phillips et Jonas Zmuidzinas. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.459356.

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Zhang, Y., B. Qiu, N. Nagai, M. Nomura et K. Hirakawa. « Enhanced sensitivity of MEMS bolometers by introducing two-dimensional phononic crystal structures ». Dans JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2017.7p_a409_6.

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Microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based resonators are very attractive for sensing applications owing to their high sensitivities. Recently, we proposed an uncooled, all electrical driving and detecting, sensitive bolometer by using a doubly clamped MEMS beam resonator, which is very promising for realizing high sensitivity and fast terahertz (THz) detection at room temperature1. The sensitivity of the MEMS bolometer is inversely proportional to the thermal conductivity of the beam and it has been considered that its value is specific to the material and cannot be changed.

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de Korte, Piet A. J., Martin J. de Nivelle et Jan J. Wijnbergen. « Bolometric detector for OH observation ». Dans Satellite Remote Sensing II, sous la direction de David K. Lynch et Eric P. Shettle. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.228950.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Bolometri"

Deeney, C., D. L. Fehl, D. L. Hanson, N. R. Keltner, J. S. McGurn, J. L. McKenney et R. B. Spielman. Fast Resistive Bolometry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), février 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/3649.

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Thomassen, K. I. The SSPX Bolometer Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), février 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/793449.

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Heeger, Karsten M. Investigation of Neutrino Properties with Bolometric Detectors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1172480.

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Drukier, A. K., Katherine Freese et Joshua Frieman. Bolometric Detection of Cold Dark Matter Candidates. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mai 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1448493.

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Miller, G., J. C. Ingraham et R. Cowan. Space- and time-resolved bolometry on ZT-40M. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6178507.

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Schivell, J. Performance of the TFTR bolometers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5916392.

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Daniel, J. M. UEDGE code comparisons with DIII-D bolometer data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), décembre 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/96637.

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Daniel, J. M. UEDGE code comparisons with DIII-D bolometer DATA. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/74165.

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Paul, S. F., R. J. Fonck et G. L. Schmidt. Operation of a tangential bolometer on the PBX tokamak. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), avril 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6312265.

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Winslow, Lindley. R&D Toward CUPID, a Tonne-Scale Bolometric 0vBB Experiment (Final Report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), mars 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1773094.

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