Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Body localisation »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Body localisation"
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Adjimabou, JF, A. Bereksi R, P. Berry et E. Zareski. « Disseminated Peritoneal Leiomyomatosis : A Case Report and Review of the Literature ». Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 10, no 5 (9 mai 2022) : 439–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2022.v10i05.006.
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Leiomyomas are benign tumours consisting of a proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Extra uterine localisations are rare. Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis corresponds to the localisation of these tumours within several tissues of the body. We report a case of disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis diagnosed in a 36-year- old woman.
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Del Signore, F., R. Terragni, A. Carloni, L. Stehlik, P. Proks, L. Cavallo, E. Febo, A. Luciani, PE Crisi et M. Vignoli. « An uncommon localisation of a vegetal foreign body in a dog : a case report ». Veterinární Medicína 62, No. 10 (27 octobre 2017) : 579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/108/2017-vetmed.
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The goal of this study was to describe the ultrasonographic and computed tomographic appearance of a penile foreign body in a dog for the first time. We describe an unusual penile localisation of a grass seed awn in an 11-year-old mixed-breed dog referred for a computed tomography study after a severe haemorrhage from the penis. A fistulous tract was observed after plain and post-contrast whole-body computed tomography acquisition; the foreign body was localised with ultrasound and removed under ultrasonographic guidance, with the complete healing of the penile lesion. Grass awns are common foreign bodies in dogs and cats and are commonly localised in the ear canal, subcutaneous tissue, interdigital space, eyelid, conjunctiva and nasal or oral cavity. These foreign bodies pose a threat due to their peculiar structure, which facilitates their easy access to the affected area and their transit through the body. Clinical signs are often non-specific, and imaging modalities such as ultrasonography and computed tomography are useful techniques for localisation. Our report demonstrates that the combination of computed tomography and ultrasound techniques was crucial for the exact localisation and mini-invasive retrieval of the grass seed.
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Mamun, Md Abdulla Al, David Vera Anaya, Fan Wu et Mehmet Rasit Yuce. « Landmark-Assisted Compensation of User’s Body Shadowing on RSSI for Improved Indoor Localisation with Chest-Mounted Wearable Device ». Sensors 21, no 16 (10 août 2021) : 5405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165405.
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Nowadays, location awareness becomes the key to numerous Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Among the various methods for indoor localisation, received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-based fingerprinting attracts massive attention. However, the RSSI fingerprinting method is susceptible to lower accuracies because of the disturbance triggered by various factors from the indoors that influence the link quality of radio signals. Localisation using body-mounted wearable devices introduces an additional source of error when calculating the RSSI, leading to the deterioration of localisation performance. The broad aim of this study is to mitigate the user’s body shadowing effect on RSSI to improve localisation accuracy. Firstly, this study examines the effect of the user’s body on RSSI. Then, an angle estimation method is proposed by leveraging the concept of landmark. For precise identification of landmarks, an inertial measurement unit (IMU)-aided decision tree-based motion mode classifier is implemented. After that, a compensation model is proposed to correct the RSSI. Finally, the unknown location is estimated using the nearest neighbour method. Results demonstrated that the proposed system can significantly improve the localisation accuracy, where a median localisation accuracy of 1.46 m is achieved after compensating the body effect, which is 2.68 m before the compensation using the classical K-nearest neighbour method. Moreover, the proposed system noticeably outperformed others when comparing its performance with two other related works. The median accuracy is further improved to 0.74 m by applying a proposed weighted K-nearest neighbour algorithm.
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Harrar, Vanessa, Laurence R. Harris et Lisa M. Pritchett. « Segmented Space : Measuring Tactile Localisation in Body Coordinates ». Multisensory Research 26, no 1-2 (1 janvier 2013) : 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134808-00002399.
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Panda, R. K., A. Scardicchio, M. Schulz, S. R. Taylor et M. Žnidarič. « Can we study the many-body localisation transition ? » EPL (Europhysics Letters) 128, no 6 (5 février 2020) : 67003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/128/67003.
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Margolis, Aaron N., et Matthew R. Longo. « Visual detail about the body modulates tactile localisation biases ». Experimental Brain Research 233, no 2 (10 octobre 2014) : 351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-014-4118-3.
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Yan, Chao, Yong Jia, Yong Guo et Xiaoling Zhong. « Dual-station radar-based living body detection and localisation ». Journal of Engineering 2019, no 21 (1 novembre 2019) : 7880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2019.0769.
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Cowie, Dorothy A. « The development of the bodily self : Children’s responses to the Rubber Hand Illusion ». Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012) : 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x647063.
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The bodily self is constructed from multisensory information. However, little is known of the relationship between multisensory development and the emerging sense of self. We investigated how multisensory processes underpin the developing sense of bodily self by measuring the strength of the ‘Rubber Hand Illusion’ in young children (4 to 9 years old) and adults. Stroking mode (synchronous vs asynchronous) was varied between subjects. Following this visuotactile stimulation, we measured processes of body localisation using intermanual pointing, and feelings of body ownership using questionnaire responses. Intermanual pointing showed that children were as sensitive as adults to visual-tactile synchrony cues for hand position. Similarly, explicit feelings of embodiment, measured by questionnaire items, were sensitive to visual-tactile integration independent of age. These converging results indicate a visual-tactile pathway to the bodily self which matures by at least 4 years of age. However, regardless of synchrony cues, children’s pointing was more captured by the fake hand than adults, indicating a second, later-maturing process based on visual-proprioceptive information. These findings demonstrate two dissociable processes underlying body representation in early life: an early-maturing visual tactile process controlling hand localisation and ownership, and a later-developing visual-proprioceptive process controlling localisation only. The findings further suggest that hand localisation and ownership may not always be so intimately bound together as adult data would suggest, and therefore call for a reassessment of the systems involved in adult own-body perception.
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Looi, Audrey L. G., Gus Gazzard et Donald T. H. Tan. « Surgical exploration minimised by ultrasound biomicroscopy localisation of intraocular foreign body ». Eye 15, no 2 (mars 2001) : 234–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/eye.2001.71.
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Levi, Mattan, Bernard Maro et Ruth Shalgi. « The conformation and activation of Fyn kinase in the oocyte determine its localisation to the spindle poles and cleavage furrow ». Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no 7 (2011) : 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd11033.
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Several lines of evidence imply the involvement of Fyn, a Src family kinase, in cell-cycle control and cytoskeleton organisation in somatic cells. By live cell confocal imaging of immunostained or cRNA-microinjected mouse oocytes at metaphase of the second meiotic division, membrane localisation of active and non-active Fyn was demonstrated. However, Fyn with a disrupted membrane-binding domain at its N-terminus was targeted to the cytoplasm and spindle in its non-active form and concentrated at the spindle poles when active. During metaphase exit, the amount of phosphorylated Fyn and of spindle-poles Fyn decreased and it started appearing at the membrane area of the cleavage furrow surrounding the spindle midzone, either asymmetrically during polar body II extrusion or symmetrically during mitosis. These results demonstrate that post-translational modifications of Fyn, probably palmitoylation, determine its localisation and function; localisation of de-palmitoylated active Fyn to the spindle poles is involved in spindle pole integrity during metaphase, whereas the localisation of N-terminus palmitoylated Fyn at the membrane near the cleavage furrow indicates its participation in furrow ingression during cytokinesis.
Thèses sur le sujet "Body localisation"
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BELLAN, VALERIA. « Body representation, body localisation and body size perception : a study of bodily modulations ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/69677.
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People are generally quite good at adapting to changes in body shape and size because of the flexibility of the body representation. By means of bodily illusions, it is possible to experimentally induce updating of body representation and, thus, manipulate the sense of self. The main aim of this thesis is to investigate the sense of self through bodily illusions. Firstly, we investigated the relationship between the sense of ownership and self-localisation (Study 1). The results from this study are taken to suggest that the proprioceptive drift (i.e. a bias in the localisation of a given body part) is more likely triggered by and related to the visual capture of touch than it is a reliable measure of a shift in the sense of body ownership. In fact, our data show that the proprioceptive drift occurs not only in the absence of a shift in the sense of ownership, but even in the absence of a body-like object. Secondly, we investigated self-localisation of body parts by means of a novel illusion, the Disappearing Hand Trick. In particular, we explored the role of vision and proprioception (Study 2), as well as the role of attention and motor acts (Study 3), in locating one’s own hands when visual and proprioceptive information regarding the body are incongruent. Our data (Study 2) are in line with previous research, confirming a predominant role of vision over proprioception. In addition, they show that, after a certain amount of time, proprioception is weighted more heavily than vision. That is, our results demonstrate that the cortical proprioceptive representations can be updated even when there is no real need to do it (i.e. no movement is required). This might be seen as an evolutionarily convenient response to keep the body ready for a possible quick reaction. In Study 3, we ruled out the possibility that this effect was only driven by spatial attention being directed towards the side of the space where the hand was actually located. In fact, no difference in the localisation accuracy was found when the direction of spatial attention was manipulated. Finally, by asking the participants to reach across for their hidden right hand (Study 3), we confirmed that a motor act accelerates the reliance on proprioception, most likely by aligning the motor and perceptual coordinates in order to plan the movement.
In the first three studies, a modification of the body representation was intentionally induced – namely, the purpose of the illusions was to change how the participants perceived their body. However, we wondered whether this same change might also occur at a more implicit level and how rapidly this may occur. We designed two different studies in which we tried to manipulate the participants’ perceived body size by providing incongruent information about the position of their limb (Study 4) or by showing the participants images of unrealistic bodies (Study 5). In Study 4 we showed that incongruent proprioceptive information coming from the same joint does not affect the perceived size of that body part, but does lead to a more accurate estimation of its position. On the other hand, the results of Study 5 would seem to suggest that body perception is more vulnerable to change in women than in men after exposure to same-sex ideal bodies.
Taken together, these results suggest that, by manipulating the body representation, both explicitly, by means of a variety of bodily illusion, and even implicitly, by generating subtle incongruence between one’s own real body and how the body ‘should’ be, we were able to shed some light on the mechanisms behind the computation of body position and size, both of which are important elements for the definition of the self.
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Salchak, Iana. « Ingested Wireless Capsule Localisation Based on In-body RF Attenuation Path Loss ». Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/417699.
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Engineering advancement over the last decade has significantly benefited the medical field, facilitating personalised and accessible healthcare. Various portable systems have been developed to obtain diagnostic parameters without the necessity for sedation or immobilisation of the patient, and even their presence at the medical facility. This can be especially important for populations that are at greater medical risk and are unable to undergo sedation, as well as for overall screening of the underlying conditions by continuous monitoring. This thesis provides engineering solutions aimed at improving the reliability of one of the modern medical diagnostic techniques – Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE). It is a non-invasive approach for gastrointestinal (GI) tract examination that involves the natural propagation of a capsule through the entire tract of the patient while recording images of the lining. The video data are transmitted to a receiving unit outside the body, which is then accessed by medical practitioners for appropriate diagnostics. The Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) technology describes the acquisition and transmission of the signal. One of the major challenges associated with WCE is the accurate localisation of the capsule due to the transit time being different for each individual. Localisation methods based on various physical principles are still under investigation by researchers.
In this study, radiofrequency (RF) signal propagation analysis was used to provide accurate received signal strength (RSSI)-based localisation of the wireless endoscopy capsule. RSSI-based methods are widely used in indoor and outdoor positioning systems, allowing the estimation of the radial distance between reference sensors and an unknown transmitter position. Due to the significantly different electromagnetic (EM) properties of the human body as a propagation medium compared to air, one of the main objectives of this work was to develop an appropriate path loss propagation model. The advantage of the proposed solution is that it is based on an analytical approach and includes the attenuation constant defined by the EM properties of the soft tissues in the abdominal area. The theoretical basis of the developed attenuation path loss model (APLM) can be used to generalise and implement it for various In-to-On-Body communication systems at different operational frequencies. The APLM was numerically validated using CST Studio Software©, as well as by experiments on ex-vivo porcine tissues and in-vivo measurements on anesthetised living pigs. The experiments also served as the iii performance validation of a receiving inward cavity-backed slot antenna designed specifically for In-to-On-Body communications at 2.45 GHz, ISM band. In-vivo trials included implanting a wireless transmitter at several abdominal positions, which were then used for the 2-D and 3-D localisation accuracy assessment. Two trials were conducted separately at the medical facilities of The University of Southern Denmark (Odense, Denmark) and at the Herston Medical Research Centre, The University of Queensland (Brisbane, QLD, Australia).
The research presents new knowledge for WBAN channel modelling for propagation media similar to the human body; confirms the reliability of the slot antenna performance for surface field measurements in WCE applications at 2.45 GHz; validates the application of the attenuation path loss model for In-to-On-Body communication channels; and it demonstrates high localisation accuracy when the proposed attenuation path loss model is used as an inverse solution for finding radial distances between the reference sensor and the unknown implant position.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Eng & Built Env
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Bertoli, Giulio. « Many-body Localization of Two-dimensional Disordered Bosons ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS031/document.
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Au sein de physique des systèmes quantiques désordonnés, le domaine des atomes ultra-froids est en pleine croissance. En l’occurrence, l'étude de la relation entre la localisation et les interactions a permis de découvrir la richesse de la physique de la localisation à N-corps. Ce phénomène remarquable fournit un mécanisme pour la brisure de l'ergodicité dans les systèmes quantiques isolés et désordonnés. Plusieurs questions ont été évoquées après cette découverte, comme la possibilité d'une transition fluide-isolant à température finie. Dans cette thèse, j'étudie la localisation à N-corps dans le contexte de bosons désordonnés à deux dimensions. Dans la première partie, je présente l'étude d'un gaz interactif de Bose bidimensionnel dans un potentiel aléatoire à température finie. Le système présente deux transitions à température finie: la transition de localisation à N-corps entre fluide et isolant, et la transition de Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless entre superfluide algébrique et fluide. J'examine ensuite l'influence de la troncature de la distribution d'énergie dû au piégeage, un phénomène générique dans le cadre du refroidissement d'atomes ultra-froids. Finalement, je conclus en discutant la stabilité de la phase isolante dans des systèmes définis sur un continuumThe study of the interplay between localization and interactions in disordered quantum systems led to the discovery of the interesting physics of many-body localization (MBL). This remarkable phenomenon provides a generic mechanism for the breaking of ergodicity in quantum isolated systems, and has stimulated several questions such as the possibility of a finite-temperature fluid-insulator transition. At the same time, the domain of ultracold interacting atoms is a rapidly growing field in the physics of disordered quantum systems. In this thesis, we study many-body localization in the context of two-dimensional disordered ultracold bosons. After reviewing some importance concepts, we present a study of the phase diagram of a two-dimensional weakly interacting Bose gas in a random potential at finite temperatures. The system undergoes two finite-temperature transitions: the MBL transition from normal fluid to insulator and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition from algebraic superfluid to normal fluid. At T=0, we show the existence of a tricritical point where the three phases coexist. We also discuss the influence of the truncation of the energy distribution function at the trap barrier, a generic phenomenon for ultracold atoms. The truncation limits the growth of the localization length with energy and, in contrast to the thermodynamic limit, the insulator phase is present at any temperature. Finally, we conclude by discussing the stability of the insulating phase with respect to highly energetic particles in systems defined on a continuum
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Hamie, Jihad. « Contributions pour la localisation basée sur les réseaux corporels sans fil ». Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00920213.
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Dans le cadre de cette thèse, on se proposait de développer de nouveaux mécanismes de radiolocalisation, permettant de positionner les nœuds de réseaux corporels sans-fil (WBAN) mobiles, en exploitant de manière opportuniste des liens radio coopératifs bas débit à l'échelle d'un même corps (i.e. coopération intra-WBAN), entre réseaux distincts (i.e. coopération inter-WBAN), et/ou vis-à-vis de l'infrastructure environnante. Ces nouvelles fonctions coopératives présentent un intérêt pour des applications telles que la navigation de groupe ou la capture de mouvement à large échelle. Ce sujet d'étude, par essence multidisciplinaire, a permis d'aborder des questions de recherche variées, humine-biomécanique et de ayant trait à la modélisation physique (e.g. modélisation spatio-temporelle des métriques de radiolocalisation en situation de mobilité, modélisation de la mobilité groupe...), au développement d'algorithmes adaptés aux observables disponibles (e.g. algorithmes de positionnement coopératifs et distribués, sélection et ordonnancement des liens/mesures entre les nœuds...), aux mécanismes d'accès et de mise en réseau (i.e. en support aux mesures coopératives et au positionnement itératif). Les bénéfices et les limites de certaines de ces fonctions ont été en partie éprouvés expérimentalement, au moyen de plateformes radio réelles. Les différents développements réalisés tenaient compte, autant que possible, des contraintes liées aux standards de communication WBAN émergeants (e.g. Impulse Radio - Ultra Wideband (IR-UWB) IEEE 802.15.6), par exemple en termes de bande fréquentielle ou de taux d'erreur.
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Wong, Jin Yan Hilary. « The octopaminergic modulatory circuitry of the Drosophila larval mushroom body calyx ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/285104.
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How are neuromodulatory networks organised to adapt sensory discrimination for different contexts? I hypothesised that neurons within a sensory circuit express different neuromodulatory receptors for differential modulation. Here I aimed to use the simple and genetically amenable Drosophila larval Mushroom Body (MB) calyx, a higher order processing area involved in learned odour discrimination, as a model to map octopamine (OA) neuromodulatory circuitry. I first identified olfactory projection neurons (PNs), a GABAergic feedback neuron and cholinergic extrinsic neurons as putative postsynaptic partners to OA neurons in the MB calyx using GFP reconstitution across synaptic partners. Next, I used novel EGFP-tagged OA receptors generated from recombination-mediated cassette exchange with MiMIC insertions in receptor genes to visualise endogenous expression patterns of OA receptors. Most notably, this is the first report of α2-adrenergic-like OA receptor localisation in any insect. For the first time, I showed that the α1-adrenergic-like OAMB localised to PN presynaptic terminals in the calyx; while Octβ1R localised diffusely in the calyx, resembling the innervation pattern of MB neuron dendrites. I detected EGFP-tagged Octα2R and Octβ2R in some PN cell bodies but not in neuron terminals - suggesting that Octα2R and Octβ2R may be expressed in some PNs, provided the misfolded fusion proteins are retained in the cell bodies of the neurons they are normally expressed in. Furthermore, I found that Octα2R and GABAAR fusion proteins localised to OA cell bodies but not to neuronal terminals, suggesting that OA neurons are subjected to inhibition, again given that these are not artefacts of the fusion proteins. To obtain tools to study OA modulation in the larval calyx, I then confirmed the expression patterns of driver lines that more specifically labelled calyx-innervating OA and extrinsic neurons, and tested the efficacy of three OAMB receptor knockdown lines. This initial attempt of mapping OA receptors, while subjected to further verification and development, is consistent with my hypothesis that a single neuromodulatory source can regulate multiple neuronal types in the same circuit through the distribution of different types of neuromodulatory receptors. This provides a new perspective in how the anatomical organisation of neuromodulation within a sensory network may translate to flexible outputs.
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Rowlands, Daniel Alexander. « Spectral and dynamical properties of disordered and noisy quantum spin models ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2019. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284393.
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This thesis, divided into two parts, is concerned with the analysis of spectral and dynamical characteristics of certain quantum spin systems in the presence of either I) quenched disorder, or II) dynamical noise. In the first part, the quantum random energy model (QREM), a mean-field spin glass model with a many-body localisation transition, is studied. In Chapter 2, we attempt a diagrammatic perturbative analysis of the QREM from the ergodic side, proceeding by analogy to the single-particle theory of weak localisation. Whilst we are able to describe diffusion, the analogy breaks down and a description of the onset of localisation in terms of quantum corrections quickly becomes intractable. Some progress is possible by deriving a quantum kinetic equation, namely the relaxation of the one-spin reduced density matrix is determined, but this affords little insight and extension to two-spin quantities is difficult. We change our approach in Chapter 3, studying instead a stroboscopic version of the model using the formalism of quantum graphs. Here, an analytic evaluation of the form factor in the diagonal approximation is possible, which we find to be consistent with the universal random matrix theory (RMT) result in the ergodic regime. In Chapter 4, we replace the QREM's transverse field with a random kinetic term and present a diagrammatic calculation of the average density of states, exact in the large-N limit, and interpret the result in terms of the addition of freely independent random variables. In the second part, we turn our attention to noisy quantum spins. Chapter 5 is concerned with noninteracting spins coupled to a common stochastic field; correlations arising from the common noise relax only due to the spins' differing precession frequencies. Our key result is a mapping of the equation of motion of n-spin correlators onto the (integrable) non-Hermitian Richardson-Gaudin model, enabling exact calculation of the relaxation rate of correlations. The second problem, addressed in Chapter 6, is that of the dynamics of operator moments in a noisy Heisenberg model; qualitatively different behaviour is found depending on whether or not the noise conserves a component of spin. In the case of nonconserving noise, we report that the evolution of the second moment maps onto the Fredrickson-Andersen model - a kinetically constrained model originally introduced to describe the glass transition. This facilitates a rigorous study of operator spreading in a continuous-time model, providing a complementary viewpoint to recent investigations of random unitary circuits.
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Hotze, Wolfgang. « Robotic First Aid : Using a mobile robot to localise and visualise points of interest for first aid ». Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-32324.
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Domestic robots developed to support human beings by performing daily tasks such as cleaning should also be able to help in emergencies by finding, analysing, and assisting persons in need of first aid. Here such a robot capable of performing some useful task related to first aid is referred to as a First Aid Mobile Robot (FAMR). One challenge which to the author's knowledge has not been solved is how such a FAMR can find a fallen person's pose within an environment, recognising locations of points of interest for first aid such as the mouth, nose, chin, chest and hands on a map. To overcome the challenge, a new approach is introduced based on leveraging a robot's capabilities (multiple sensors and mobility), called AHBL. AHBL comprises four steps: Anomaly detection, Human detection, Body part recognition, and Localisation on a map. It was broken down into four steps for modularity (e.g., a different way of detecting anomalies can be slipped in without changing the other modules) and because it was not clear which step is hardest to implement. As a result of evaluating AHBL, a FAMR developed for this work was able to find the pose of a fallen person (a mannequin) in a known environment with an average success rate of 83%, and an average localisation discrepancy of 1.47cm between estimated body part locations and ground truth. The presented approach can be adapted for use in other robots and contexts, and can act as a starting point toward designing systems for autonomous robotic first aid.
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Nakul, Estelle. « Bases vestibulaires et multisensorielles de la localisation du soi : approches comportementales, cliniques et électrophysiologiques chez l’homme ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/191216_NAKUL_347wvvjk888iej213gd236endae_TH%20(1).pdf.
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Le cerveau construit la sensation d'être dans son corps grâce aux entrées sensorielles. Des atteintes neurologiques et des manipulations expérimentales modifient la localisation du soi, dévoilant ses bases multisensorielles. Les signaux vestibulaires, proprioceptifs et intéroceptifs sont maintenant reconnus comme aussi importants pour le soi que les signaux visuels ou tactiles. Cette thèse approfondit l'étude des bases vestibulaires et multisensorielles de la localisation du soi, qui restent encore à élucider. Une première étude concerne l'influence des signaux sensorimoteurs liés à la locomotion sur la localisation du soi. Notre adaptation de l'illusion du corps entier en réalité virtuelle montre que les signaux de mouvement ancrent le soi au corps. Une tâche de locomotion impliquait un plus fort ancrage du soi au corps qu'une tâche d'imagerie mentale chez les mêmes participants immobiles. Une deuxième étude chez des patients avec une perte vestibulaire bilatérale ancienne ne révéla pas de changement d'intéroception cardiaque ni d’ancrage du soi au corps, malgré une atténuation des sensations corporelles liées aux émotions chez les patients. La représentation du soi ne serait donc pas maintenue par une compensation intéroceptive après une perte vestibulaire. Une troisième étude combinant électrophysiologie vestibulaire et neurosciences sociales montre que l'observation de soi ou d'autrui inhibe le traitement des informations vestibulaires. Le soi corporel dépendrait donc de l'intégration de signaux multisensoriels eux-mêmes influencés par les contraintes cognitives des représentations du soi et d'autruiThe brain creates the feeling of being located in the body thanks to sensory inputs. Neurological disorders and experimental manipulations can alter self-location. Although self-location is difficult to study, its multisensory underpinnings are progressively being revealed. It is now acknowledged that vestibular, proprioceptive et interoceptive information are as important to body self-awareness as visual or tactile information. This PhD thesis aims to advance the study of the vestibular et multisensory bases of self-location, the underlying multisensory mechanisms still needing to be elucidated. A first study measured the influence of sensorimotor signals generated by locomotion on self-location. By adapting the full-body illusion paradigm to virtual reality, we showed that a locomotion task involved a stronger anchoring of the self to the body than a mental imaging task in immobile participants. A second study in patients with a bilateral vestibular loss did not reveal any change in cardiac interoception nor self-body closeness, although patients showed decrease in emotion-related body sensations. Consistent body representations after long-term vestibular loss would therefore not depend on cardiac interoceptive compensation. A third study merged vestibular electrophysiology with social neuroscience to show that observing the self et others inhibits vestibular information processing. The bodily self would therefore depend on the integration of multisensory signals that are themselves influenced by the cognitive constraints of representations of the self and others
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Isacco, Laurie. « Utilisation des substrats énergétiques à l'exercice chez la femme : influence de la contraception orale, de la prise alimentaire et de la localisation des graisses ». Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF20060.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La production endogène ou la prise exogène d’hormones sexuelles chez la femme génère un climat hormonal qui lui est propre. Ces particularités endocriniennes influent sur la composition corporelle et modifient les sécrétions et/ou la sensibilité de certaines hormones clés du métabolisme énergétique pouvant conduire à une utilisation spécifique des substrats énergétiques à l’exercice. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier l’influence d’une contraception orale (CO : mini dosée monophasique), de la prise alimentaire pré-exercice et de la localisation des graisses sur les réponses métaboliques et hormonales de la femme préménopausée et normo-pondérée à l’exercice (45 min à 65% de O2max). Nos résultats ont montré que la prise d’une CO ne modifiait pas les réponses métaboliques et hormonales et l’utilisation des substrats énergétiques à l’exercice quel que soit le statut nutritionnel des sujets (exercice à jeun ou en situation postprandiale). Cependant, à l’exercice, une situation de jeûne a favorisé une augmentation de l’oxydation lipidique et cela quel que soit le statut hormonal des sujets (CO+ ou CO-). En situation postprandiale, l’exercice physique a stimulé l’activité lipolytique chez des femmes CO+ et CO- sans distinction entre les deux groupes. Enfin, quand l’utilisation des substrats énergétiques à l’exercice est appréhendée en fonction du rapport de la masse grasse abdominale/masse grasse des membres inférieurs (A/MI), nos travaux ont montré une augmentation de la mobilisation et de l’oxydation des lipides chez les femmes présentant un plus faible rapport A/MI (malgré des masses corporelles et des tours de taille normaux). Ainsi, au sein d’une population féminine normo-pondérée, les CO minidosées monophasiques ne semblent pas influer sur l’utilisation des substrats énergétiques à l’exercice, alors que la prise alimentaire pré-exercice et la localisation des graisses semblent avoir un impact plus important sur le métabolisme énergétique à l’exerciceIn the female population, sexual hormones (endogen production or exogenous consumption) induce particular hormonal status leading to specific body composition and metabolic and hormonal responses at rest and during exercise. The aim of this work was to determine the influence of oral contraception (low dose monophasic combined OC), pre-exercise food intake and body fat mass localization on metabolic and hormonal responses during exercise (45 min at 65% of O2max) in normal weight premenopausal women. Our results showed that OC did not alter substrate mobilization and oxidation during exercise (in fast and postprandial conditions). However, during exercise performed in fast condition, women exhibited greater lipid oxidation rates whatever their hormonal status (OC+ vs OC-). In postprandial condition, exercise increased lipolytic activity in OC+ and OC- women without differences between both groups. Finally, it has been observed that abdominal to lower body (A/LB) fat mass ratio influenced substrate mobilization and oxidation in premenopausal women with normal weights and waist circumferences. Subjects with a lower ratio exhibited greater lipid mobilization and oxidation than those with a higher ratio. Therefore, in normal weight women, low dose monophasic combined OC do not appear to influence substrate oxidation whereas pre-exercise food intake and body fat mass localization may have an important impact on substrate metabolism during exercise
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Giscard, Pierre-Louis. « A graph theoretic approach to matrix functions and quantum dynamics ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ceef15b0-eed2-4615-a9f2-f9efbef470c9.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Many problems in applied mathematics and physics are formulated most naturally in terms of matrices, and can be solved by computing functions of these matrices. For example, in quantum mechanics, the coherent dynamics of physical systems is described by the matrix exponential of their Hamiltonian. In state of the art experiments, one can now observe such unitary evolution of many-body systems, which is of fundamental interest in the study of many-body quantum phenomena. On the other hand the theoretical simulation of such non-equilibrium many-body dynamics is very challenging. In this thesis, we develop a symbolic approach to matrix functions and quantum dynamics based on a novel algebraic structure we identify for sets of walks on graphs. We begin by establishing the graph theoretic equivalent to the fundamental theorem of arithmetic: all the walks on any finite digraph uniquely factorise into products of prime elements. These are the simple paths and simple cycles, walks forbidden from visiting any vertex more than once. We give an algorithm that efficiently factorises individual walks and obtain a recursive formula to factorise sets of walks. This yields a universal continued fraction representation for the formal series of all walks on digraphs. It only involves simple paths and simple cycles and is thus called a path-sum. In the second part, we recast matrix functions into path-sums. We present explicit results for a matrix raised to a complex power, the matrix exponential, matrix inverse, and matrix logarithm. We introduce generalised matrix powers which extend desirable properties of the Drazin inverse to all powers of a matrix. In the third part, we derive an intermediary form of path-sum, called walk-sum, relying solely on physical considerations. Walk-sum describes the dynamics of a quantum system as resulting from the coherent superposition of its histories, a discrete analogue to the Feynman path-integrals. Using walk-sum we simulate the dynamics of quantum random walks and of Rydberg-excited Mott insulators. Using path-sum, we demonstrate many-body Anderson localisation in an interacting disordered spin system. We give two observable signatures of this phenomenon: localisation of the system magnetisation and of the linear magnetic response function. Lastly we return to the study of sets of walks. We show that one can construct as many representations of series of walks as there are ways to define a walk product such that the factorisation of a walk always exist and is unique. Illustrating this result we briefly present three further methods to evaluate functions of matrices. Regardless of the method used, we show that graphs are uniquely characterised, up to an isomorphism, by the prime walks they sustain.
Livres sur le sujet "Body localisation"
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Sivarasu, Sudesh. Medical Devices Innovation for Africa : enabling industrialisation. University of Cape Town Libraries, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/uctlib40.
Texte intégralRésumé :
It is with great pleasure to recognise all our partners in the merSETA Viro-Vent Innovation Skills Challenge who contributed to this publication: University of Cape Town, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, University KwaZulu Natal, University of Witwatersrand and National Technologies Implementation Platform. Thank you, Professor Sivarasu, for your leadership of the University of Cape Town for supporting these efforts to find new forms of collaboration that focus on “Skills for localisation” and “Skills for re-industrialisation”. This publication comes at a time when South Africa and the world are still recovering from the devastating effects of the covid-19 pandemic complicated by an emerging war in Ukraine. This is expected to continue disrupting social and economic activities, including education, training, and work. The merSETA and its stakeholders are working tirelessly to ensure that training and other skills development activities continue despite these challenges. This innovation project, among others at the merSETA, utilises existing research and Higher Education Institution (HEI) Infrastructure to stimulate rapid response technology innovation aimed at the development, design and prototype production of a medical device in response not only to the COVID-19 pandemic, but also to an economic sector dominated by imports. To serve the skills development mandate of the merSETA, the project investigates the technology management capabilities or future skills required to accelerate South Africa’s post-covid recovery. The concept of innovation, as vested in this program, is aligned to the merSETA’s strategic intentions, that include: i. Supporting skills for Economic Reconstruction, Recovery and Growth, ii. Supporting skills for the changing world of work, iii. Supporting skills for the growth and sustainability of the green and circular economies and iv. Exploring and supporting the role of the mer-sector in the digital economy, as well as v. Continuing to strengthen the role of the SETA as an intermediary body Making informed sector skills planning decisions is the objective of this program. – that is, to understand those future jobs that would drive the localisation of components in a model that could stimulate expanded manufacturing opportunities through relevant skills supply. The merSETA’s Viro-Vent Innovation Skills Challenge anticipates a contribution towards closing the skills gap through a job generation model. The merSETA remains committed and is looking forward to engaging on how this initiative sees a pipeline of new product innovations expanding the manufacturing sector. We owe it to the citizens of South Africa to find innovative ways of harnessing our young talent into industrial expansion.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Body localisation"
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Hangleiter, Dominik, Jacques Carolan et Karim P. Y. Thébault. « Cold Atom Computation : From Many-Body Localisation to the Higgs Mode ». Dans Analogue Quantum Simulation, 29–50. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87216-8_3.
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Wang, Dan, Yun Sheng et GuiXu Zhang. « A New Female Body Segmentation and Feature Localisation Method for Image-Based Anthropometry ». Dans MultiMedia Modeling, 567–77. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05710-7_47.
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Stanier, Jessica, et Nicole Miglio. « Painful Experience and Constitution of the Intersubjective Self : A Critical-Phenomenological Analysis ». Dans The International Library of Bioethics, 101–14. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65613-3_8.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractIn this paper, we discuss how phenomenology might cogently express the way painful experiences are layered with complex intersubjective meaning. In particular, we propose a critical conception of pain as an intricate multi-levelled phenomenon, deeply ingrained in the constitution of one’s sense of bodily self and emerging from a web of intercorporeal, social, cultural, and political relations. In the first section, we review and critique some conceptual accounts of pain. Then, we explore how pain is involved in complex ways with modalities of pleasure and displeasure, enacted personal meaning, and contexts of empathy or shame. We aim to show why a phenomenology of pain must acknowledge the richness and diversity of peculiar painful experiences. The second section then weaves these critical insights into Husserlian phenomenology of embodiment, sensation, and localisation. We introduce the distinction between Body-Object and Lived-Body to show how pain presents intersubjectively (e.g. from a patient to a clinician). Furthermore, we stress that, while pain seems to take a marginal position in Husserl’s whole corpus, its role is central in the transcendental constitution of the Lived-Body, interacting with the personal, interpersonal, and intersubjective levels of experiential constitution. Taking a critical-phenomenological perspective, we then concretely explore how some people may experience structural conditions which may make their experiences more or less painful.
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Vance, Philip, Girijesh Prasad, Jim Harkin et Kevin Curran. « Designing a Compact Wireless Network Based Device-Free Passive Localisation System for Indoor Environments ». Dans Intelligent Systems, 1424–39. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5643-5.ch061.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Determining the location of individuals within indoor locations can be useful in various scenarios including security, gaming and ambient assisted living for the elderly. Healthcare services globally are seeking to allow people to stay in their familiar home environments longer due to the multitude of benefits associated with living in non-clinical environments and technologies to determine an individual's movements are key to ensuring that home emergencies are detected through lack of movement can be responded to promptly. This paper proposes a device-free localisation (DFL) system which would enable the individual to proceed with normal daily activities without the concern of having to wear a traceable device. The principle behind this is that the human body absorbs/reflects the radio signal being transmitted from a transmitter to one or more receiving stations. The proposed system design procedure facilitates the use of a minimum number of wireless nodes with the help of a principle component analysis (PCA) based intelligent signal processing technique. Results demonstrate that human detection and tracking are possible to within 1m resolution with a minimal hardware infrastructure.
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« SCULPTOR KARL DULDIG AND MALAY BOY ». Dans Migration, Transmission, Localisation, 135–40. National Gallery Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv138wqj3.15.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Body localisation"
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Zhang, Shumei, Paul McCullagh, Huiyu Zhou, Zhe Wen et Zhengcheng Xu. « RFID network deployment approaches for indoor localisation ». Dans 2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bsn.2015.7299361.
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Ninforge, D., et J. Dawance. « Improvement of Tailored Blank Stamping by Using a Control and Localisation of the Blank-Holder ». Dans International Body Engineering Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/982329.
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Bharadwaj, Richa, Akram Alomainy et Clive Parini. « Localisation of body-worn sensors applying Ultra Wideband technology ». Dans 2012 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apcap.2012.6333170.
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Judd, Euan, Gabor Soter, Jonathan Rossiter et Helmut Hauscr. « Sensing Through the Body - Non-Contact Object Localisation Using Morphological Computation ». Dans 2019 2nd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robosoft.2019.8722714.
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Kanzaki, M., H. Kimura et J. Ochi. « IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALISATION OF SEROTONIN IN RABBIT PLATELETS ». Dans XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644884.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Although it has been accepted that the dense bodymay be the most predominant storage site of serotonin (5HT), some literatures suggested that 5KT was localized more abundantly in the alpha-granules or theplasma membrane than in the dense body. The discrepancy may be due to different methods used.For example, the former dense body theory is mostly based on biochemical measurements of 5HT which may easily diffusible among subcellular fractions, and the latter hypothesis is proposed by autoradiographic demonstration of exogenously applied 5HT. In the present study, endogenous 5HT has been visualized by immunoelectron microscopy using monoclonal antibody against 5HT.Platelet rich plasma (PRP) of rabbits was suspended for 30 min in a fixative containing 0.5% glutaraldehyde, 4% paraformaldehyde and 0.5% picric acid in 0.1M phosphate buffer (PB; pH 7.4), and resuspended overnight in the glutaraldehyde-free fixative. After wash the PRP was incubated for 3 days with PB containing saline and 0.03% Triton X-100 (PBST), and reacted for 3 days with monoclonal 5HT antibody ( 1μg/ml). The immunoreactive sites were rendered visible byABC immunohistochemistry (ABC from Vector Co. USA) with DAB precipitation. The colorized PRP was osmificated (1%) for 30 min, dehydrated with alcohol, embedded in Spurr and cut into ultrathin sections for electron microscopic observation. For immunohistochemical controls monoclonal 5HT antibody preabsorbed with O.lmM 5HT or non-immune normal mouse serum was used as the primary antibody, and no specific reaction was observed. Very fine 5HT-positive immunoreaction products were clearly localized in some granules with different staining intensity. These positive granules were mostly round or ovoid in shape with variousdiameters. The present immunohistochemical results appears to support previous results suggesting that 5HT is located in such granules as alpha-granules anddense bodies.
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Bowles, Christopher, Niamh C. Nowlan, Tayyib T. A. Hayat, Christina Malamateniou, Mary Rutherford, Joseph V. Hajnal, Daniel Rueckert et Bernhard Kainz. « Machine learning for the automatic localisation of foetal body parts in cine-MRI scans ». Dans SPIE Medical Imaging, sous la direction de Sébastien Ourselin et Martin A. Styner. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2081669.
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Sharma, Manmohan, Clive G. Parini et Akram Alomainy. « Experimental investigation of 3D localisation of an on-body UWB antenna using several base stations ». Dans 2014 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lapc.2014.6996349.
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Denny, W., B. O’Connell, J. Milroy et M. Walsh. « Drug Eluting Stents : Modelling the Physics of Mass Transport in the Arterial Wall ». Dans ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19107.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Coronary artery disease (CAD), which results in inadequate blood flow to the heart, is responsible for 1 in every 4.8 deaths in the USA (Lloyd-Jones et al., 2009). Currently, there are 16.5 million patients with stable angina and 500,000 new diagnoses annually (Gibbons et al., 2003). CAD has been linked with atherosclerosis since the early 20th century (McMahan et al., 2008) and refers to the localisation of the disease in the coronary arteries. Atherosclerosis is a degenerative disease that affects not only the coronary arteries, but also the carotid and other peripheral arteries in the body.
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Roberts, Clem, Andrew Rathbone, David Timmins, Gary Cumming et Knut To̸rnes. « Strain lntensification Due to Material Discontinuity at Field Joints Adjacent to Thick Wall Insulation Coating ». Dans ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79779.
Texte intégralRésumé :
High pressure/high temperature (HP/HT) subsea pipelines are increasingly being designed to buckle in a controlled manner in order to relieve axial loading. HP/HT pipelines often require insulation coating to prevent hydrate formation and to help manage internal corrosion. Thick wall polymer coatings are a common choice of insulation material in such cases. A change in local bending stiffness, for example due to the change in external coating at field joints, can result in strain localisation leading to a higher local curvature than would have occurred in an otherwise homogenous system. Industry knowledge of the influence of thick wall polypropylene is limited. The proportion of total bending stiffness attributed to the coating is much larger than typically observed in non-insulated coating systems. The polymer coating is likely to behave in an elastic manner even at elevated strain levels, i.e. those typically observed in lateral buckles. It is shown herein that significant strain intensification can occur at field joints even when the field joints appear to be of a similar configuration to that of the nominal linepipe coating. This paper presents the results of finite element (FE) analyses (using solid body elements) that have been employed to demonstrate, in highly loaded conditions such as laterally buckled pipelines, the influence of thick wall insulation coatings on strain intensification at field joints. Furthermore analytical equations have been derived as an alternative methodology for calculation of strain intensification at field joints. It is demonstrated that, even in highly loaded conditions, the analytical relationship correlates very well to results determined via the FE technique.