Thèses sur le sujet « Black files »
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1
Henry, Willie. « Studies on the salivary gland chromosomes of some species of black files (diptera : simuliidae ) from Darjeeling ». Thesis, University of North Bengal, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1005.
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Pilo, Baptiste. « Émergence et essor du Black Metal en Norvège entre 1991 et 1999 : histoire, imaginaire, idéologie, musique ». Thesis, Rennes 2, 2020. http://www.bu.univ-rennes2.fr/system/files/theses/2020thesePiloB.pdf.
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Ce travail de thèse propose de revenir sur un sous-genre du Metal Extrême, le Black Metal, dans le pays où il a émergé et durant la décennie qui l’a vu prendre son essor, à savoir la Norvège et les années 1990. Aucun travail du même ordre n'ayant jamais été effectué sur le sujet, nous souhaitons combler le vide existant. Premièrement, par une recherche historique poussée, en particulier sur les relations entre les différents acteurs. Deuxièmement, par une analyse des idéologies et imaginaires portés par le Black Metal en Norvège. Troisièmement, par une analyse de sa musique ainsi que celle de la réception du Black MetalThis research proposes to examine a subgenre of Extreme Metal, Black Metal, in the country where it emerged and during the decade that saw its rise, namely Norway and the 1990s. As no similar work has ever been done on the subject, we wish to fill the existing void. Firstly, through extensive historical research, in particular on the relations between the different actors of this network. Secondly, by an analysis of the ideologies and imaginations carried by Black Metal in Norway.Thirdly, through an analysis of its music and the more general reception of Black Metal
3
Ivansson, Dennis. « Monochrome Films in the Classroom : An Investigation of Black-and-white films in Swedish Junior High Schools ». Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-37095.
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The focus of this essay is to investigate if old monochrome films can be beneficial to use in the classroom. The aim is to research how (if at all) old monochrome films can affect students’ possibilities of learning from film. To investigate this matter, three fields will be of interest: First, how students respond to films according to ideas of identity; secondly, how films teach students about history; third and finally, qualities of monochrome films and how students might understand and relate to them. The findings in this essay suggest that old monochrome films are viable to use in the classroom, as they can teach students about history and previous cultures by being created in history themselves. The essay also suggests that old black-and-white films and newer films are quite similar, suggesting that monochrome films are just as adequate material to use in the classroom as newer films.
4
Shah, Ali, Petri Stenberg, Lasse Karvonen, Rizwan Ali, Seppo Honkanen, Harri Lipsanen, N. Peyghambarian, Markku Kuittinen, Yuri Svirko et Tommi Kaplas. « Pyrolytic carbon coated black silicon ». NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614762.
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Carbon is the most well-known black material in the history of man. Throughout the centuries, carbon has been used as a black material for paintings, camouflage, and optics. Although, the techniques to make other black surfaces have evolved and become more sophisticated with time, carbon still remains one of the best black materials. Another well-known black surface is black silicon, reflecting less than 0.5% of incident light in visible spectral range but becomes a highly reflecting surface in wavelengths above 1000 nm. On the other hand, carbon absorbs at those and longer wavelengths. Thus, it is possible to combine black silicon with carbon to create an artificial material with very low reflectivity over a wide spectral range. Here we report our results on coating conformally black silicon substrate with amorphous pyrolytic carbon. We present a superior black surface with reflectance of light less than 0.5% in the spectral range of 350 nm to 2000 nm.
5
McGregor, Anthony James. « Block-Based Distributed File Systems ». The University of Waikato, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2607.
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Distributed file systems have become popular because they allow information to be shared be between computers in a natural way. A distributed file system often forms a central building block in a distributed system. Currently most distributed file systems are built using a communications interface that transfers messages about files between machines. This thesis proposes a different, lower level, communications interface. This `block-based' interface exchanges information about the blocks that make up the file but not about the files themselves. No other distributed file system is built this way. By demonstrating that a distributed file system can be implemented in a block-based manner, this thesis opens the way for many advances in distributed file systems. These include a reduction of the processing required at the server, uniformity in managing file blocks and fine-grained placement and replication of data. The simple communications model also lends itself to efficient implementation both at the server and in the communications protocols that support the interface. These advantages come at the cost of a more complex client implementation and the need for a lower level consistency mechanism. A block-based distributed file system (BB-NFS) has been implemented. BB-NFS provides the Unix file system interface and demonstrates the feasibility and implementability of the block-based approach. Experience with the implementation lead to the development of a lock cache mechanism which gives a large improvement in the performance of the prototype. Although it has not been directly measured it is plausible that the prototype will perform better than the file based approach. The block-based approach has much to offer future distributed file system developers. This thesis introduces the approach and its advantages, demonstrates its feasibility and shows that it can be implemented in a way that performs well.
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van, den Akker Anno. « Anisotropic Thermal Physics in Suspended Black Phosphorus Thin Films ». Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1529066181060317.
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Finlay, Christine School of Sociology & Anthropology UNSW. « Smokescreen : black/white/male/female bravery and southeast Australian bushfires ». Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Sociology and Anthropology, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23006.
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Black/white/male/female struggles over knowledge correctness and who is brave are examined inductively in the field of bushfires. The paradoxes of a white male icon are linked to contradictions in gender theories in disaster. In mainstream literature, assumptions of innate white male superiority in bravery justify white women???s diminution and white male domination. In feminist theory, women???s diminution is the problem and their bravery for struggling against hegemony applauded. Philosophies of bravery are explored in 104 semistructured interviews and 12 months??? fieldwork as a volunteer bushfirefighter. There is great variety in the ways volunteers cope with bushfires. However, evidence of white male hegemony emerges when volunteers complain of state and territory indifference to preventing property and environmental damage and injury and death. Evidence is examined that Indigenous Australians once managed bushfires better than a sprawl of bureaucracy. Bushfire service claims that Aborigines knew nothing about hazard reductions are contradicted. This debate over bushfire management leads to the discovery of a third epistemology breaking with claims of white male iconic bravery and bureaucratic mastery. To generalise about the habitus of claims to knowledge and bravery, I analyse Newcastle Herald articles from 1881-1981. Three competing knowledge fields and their associated struggles are examined; Indigenous Australians and white womens??? emancipatory struggles confront data on bushfirefighting. Bushfires emerge as a serious problem, a bureaucratic power base and a white male icon from the 1920s.
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Doughty, Ruth. « Scoring a black aesthetic : music in the films of Spike Lee ». Thesis, Keele University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.412510.
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Grusecki, Travis R. « Improving block sharing in the Write Anywhere File Layout file system ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76818.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2012.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 41).
It is often useful in modern file systems for several files to share one or more data blocks. Block sharing is used to improve storage utilization by storing only one copy of a block shared by multiple files or volumes. This thesis proposes an approach, called Space Maker, which uses garbage collection techniques to simplify the up-front cost of file system operations, moving some of the more difficult block tracking work, such as the work required to clean-up after a file delete, to a back-end garbage collector. Space Maker was developed on top of the WAFL file system used in NetApp hardware. The Space Maker is shown to have fast scan performance, while decreasing the front-end time to delete files. Other operations, like file creates and writes have similar performance to a baseline system. Under Space Maker, block sharing is simplified, making a possible for new file system features that rely on sharing to be implemented more quickly with good performance.
by Travis R. Grusecki.
M.Eng.
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Dudrah, Rajinder Kumar. « British South Asian identities and the popular cultures of British bhangra music, bollywood films and Zee TV in Birmingham ». Thesis, Online version, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.343431.
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Modi, Arvind. « Direct Immersion Annealing of Block Copolymer Thin Films ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1471542724.
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Liu, Yandi. « Block Copolymer Lithographyfor Nano-porous Oxide Thin Films ». Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254331.
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This thesis focuses on employing a new patterning technique called block copolymer lithography to transfer the nano-porous pattern from the polymer template to the underlying oxide thin film. Nano-porous block copolymer films are produced by spin-coating polymer solution on wafers followed by annealing, UV exposure and development processes. Reactive-ion etching is then used to etch the oxide films based on the pattern of polymer template and the polymer is then removed. The obtained oxide microstructure is characterized by SEM, showing a nanomesh of microdomains with the same hole size and density as the initial block copolymer layer. The advantages of block copolymer lithography include uniform nanopatterning, cost efficiency and simple processing. The nano-porous oxide thin films could be used as hard mask for nanopatterning in microelectronics and for energy storage applications.Denna avhandling fokuserar på användningen av en ny mönstringsteknik som kallas block-sampolymerlitografi som används för att överföra nano-porösa mönster från polymermaller till en underliggande oxidtunnfilm. Nano-porösa blocksampolymerfilmer framställs genom spinbeläggningspolymerlösning på skivor följt av glödgning, UV-exponering och utvecklingsprocesser. Reaktionjon etsning används sedan för att etsa oxidfilmerna baserat på mönstret av polymermaller och därefter blir polymeren avlägsnad. Den erhållna oxidmikrostrukturen karakteriseras av SEM, som visar en nanomesh av mikrodomäner med samma hålstorlek och densitet som det ursprungliga blocksampolymerskiktet. Fördelarna med block-sampolymerlitografi innefattar likformig nanomönstring, kostnadseffektivitet och enkel bearbetning. De nanoporösa oxidtunnfilmerna kan användas som en hard mask för nanomönstring i mikroelektronik och för energilagringsapplikationer.
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Shen, Liyang. « REAL-TIME MECHANICAL AND MECHANO-ELECTRICAL BEHAVIOR OF CARBON BLACK FILLED FILMS ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1437691543.
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Rigby, Jane Rebecca. « X-ray and Infrared Diagnostics of Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion in Galaxies ». Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2006. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1457%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Bischof, Sven. « Anwendung des Black-Litterman Modells in der Asset Allocation ». St. Gallen, 2009. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01648708002/$FILE/01648708002.pdf.
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zhang, chao. « BLOCK COPLOYMER FILMS USING SOLVENT VAPOR ANNEALING WITH SHEAR ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1525864450107032.
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Dawson, Janet Caroline. « The electronic properties of granular and amorphous materials ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318097.
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Chen, Yuxuan. « Morphology Development of Block Copolymer and Homopolymer Blend Films ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1430870587.
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Fischbach, Pascal. « Derivate für FX-Absicherungen ». St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/05608120001/$FILE/05608120001.pdf.
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Trento, Paola <1995>. « Contemporary Black Horror Films : Reinventing Representations of Blackness to Question Post-Racial America ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21646.
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The aim of this thesis is exploring four contemporary Black Horror films in which African American filmmakers reinvent 20th century horror stereotypes of Blackness, to address an active critique of the “Post - Racial” myth and affirm the inclusion of Black life within American society.
The first section draws on R. Means Coleman’s Horror Noire and historically outlines the problematic involvement that Blackness has endured in 20th century horror cinema. Indeed, monstrous depictions of Blackness originated in the 19th century Blackface minstrelsy, and became evident in 1930s Hollywood films Ingagi (1930) and King Kong (1933). This part also explains the distinction between “Blacks in Horror” and “Black Horror” genres, vital to identify the value of horror movies that are instead based on and supportive of Black perspectives. As a matter of fact, the 1970s era of “Blaxploitation Films” is a time of representational achievements for Black filmmakers, who produce their own horror visions in the wake of the Civil Rights political movement.
The second section focuses on four Black Horror movies of the contemporary era: Get Out (2017) and Us (2019) by J. Peele, The First Purge (2018) by Gerard McMurray, and Amazon Prime’s Them: Covenant (2021) by L. Marvin. It will be demonstrated that these films create innovative horror stories through an authentic Black vision and purpose, either subverting racist and grotesque images of Blackness of the 20th century or advancing and empowering previous Black Horror achievements. By making provocative counter narratives, these productions utilise the frightening effects of this genre to reflect on the ambiguity of the “Post Racial” ideology, and actively criticise the invisible discriminations still pervading the American political system.
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Ni, Wanmei. « An application of climatological water balance modeling to dendroclimatology in the Black Hills of South Dakota ». Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1993_402_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Wang, Hai. « Block copolymer thin films for nanometer pattern generation and nanostructure synthesis ». Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36979843.
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To, Chin-nang Titan, et 杜展能. « Phase separation in poly (styrene-b-ethylene oxide) thin films on different substrates ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29538440.
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Kalloudis, Michail. « Thin polymer films of block copolymers and blend/nanoparticle composites ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7894.
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In this thesis, atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and optical microscopy techniques were used to investigate systematically the self-assembled nanostructure behaviour of two different types of spin-cast polymer thin films: poly(isoprene-b-ethylene oxide), PI-b-PEO diblock copolymers and [poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole)]:poly[9,9- dioctyfluorene-co-N-(4-butylphenyl)-diphenylamine], F8BT:TFB conjugated polymer blends. In the particular case of the polymer blend thin films, the morphology of their composites with cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles was also investigated. For the diblock copolymer thin films, the behaviour of the nanostructures formed and the wetting behaviour on mica, varying the volume fraction of the PEO block (fPEO) and the average film thickness was explored. For the polymer blend films, the effect of the F8BT/TFB blend ratio (per weight), spin-coating parameters and solution concentration on the phase-separated nanodomains was investigated. The influence of the quantum dots on the phase separation when these were embedded in the F8BT:TFB thin films was also examined. It was found that in the case of PI-b-PEO copolymer thin films, robust nanostructures, which remained unchanged after heating/annealing and/or ageing, were obtained immediately after spin coating on hydrophilic mica substrates from aqueous solutions. The competition and coupling of the PEO crystallisation and the phase separation between the PEO and PI blocks determined the ultimate morphology of the thin films. Due to the great biocompatible properties of the PEO block (protein resistance), robust PEO-based nanostructures find important applications in the development of micro/nano patterns for biological and biomedical applications. It was also found that sub-micrometre length-scale phase-separated domains were formed in F8BT:TFB spin cast thin films. The nanophase-separated domains of F8BT-rich and TFB-rich areas were close to one order of magnitude smaller (in the lateral direction) than those reported in the literature. When the quantum dot nanoparticles were added to the blend thin films, it was found that the QDs prefer to lie in the F8BT areas alone. Furthermore, adding quantum dots to the system, purer F8BT and TFB nano-phase separated domains were obtained. Conjugated polymer blend thin films are excellent candidates for alternatives to the inorganic semiconductor materials for use in applications such as light emitting diodes and photovoltaic cells, mainly due to the ease of processing, low-cost fabrication and mechanical flexibility. The rather limited optoelectronic efficiency of the organic thin films can be significantly improved by adding inorganic semiconducting nanoparticles.
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Fernandes, Marinela Fernandes Pinheiro. « Blacks in white custody : biracial buddy films in the eighties ». Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/18446.
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Mestrado em Estudos InglesesFalar em raça no cinema americano é falar em toda a história do cinema dos Estados Unidos. Desde o filme The Bivth of a Nation (1915) de D. W. Grath que as imagens ou representações raciais em cinema têm preocupado principalmente aqueles que aparecem retratados de uma forma pouco digna ou ofensiva, nomeadamente os negros americanos. De uma forma mais ou menos vincada o cinema americano insiste em representar os indivíduos negros recorrendo a estereotipos culturalmente enraizados, tais como, o "Uncle Tom", isto é, o servo fiek o "coon", isto é, o bobo; o "buck", ou seja, o macho sexualmente agressivo; a "mammy", ou a ama-seca; e muitos mais. Deste modo, os fhes americanos têm vindo a representar e a defini a identidade racial dos negros como algo estranho e inferior em oposição à identidade racial dos brancos, posicionada como "naturalmente" superior, logo normativa. Apesar de estarmos no limiar do século XXI, este dualismo continua a ser uma constante nos filmes produzidos em Holíywood. Nem mesmo a estratégia dos "buddy" filmes, que aparentemente colocaria o branco e o negro em pé de igualdade, consegue desmantelar as barreiras que se têm erguido contra uma representação equitativa das duas raças. Filmes como Lethal Weapon e as suas sequelas, ou 48 Hours e Another 48 Hours, produzidos nos anos oitenta e noventa, apresentam o protagonista branco como um modelo ideal de masculinidade. Deste modo, enquanto representante de uma raça, o herói branco passa a servir como o expoente máximo de uma raça igualmente ideal. Por seu turno, o protagonista negro é posicionado ao lado do herói branco essencialmente enquanto pai adoptivo, que protege o seu colega dos perigos vários, conduzindo-o a uma maturidade sadia. Dentro dos "buddy" filmes, o papel do protagonista negro continua também a estar limitado a uma função cómica. Assim, apresentando os probelmas raciais de uma forma humorística, Hollywood evita abordar este problema Eontalmente, optando, porém, por entreter os espectadores com fantasias e idílios raciais. Após uma longa década de contenção de imagens dos negros, no fim dos anos oitenta e início dos noventa surge um leque significativo de filmes sobre e essencialmente para as audiências negras. Cineastas negros como Spike Lee, John Singleton, Mario Van Peebles, entre outros, conseguiram a aprovagão dos estúdios de Hollywood para realizarem filmes cujos conteúdos e estilos introduziam inovações relativamente "arriscadas" para as companhias produtoras e audiências há muito tempo acomodadas. Surpreendentemente, as imagens alternativas oferecidas nestes filmes foram do agrado quer das audiências brancas, quer das negras. Tendo em conta o objectivo financeiro que sustenta todos os filmes de Hollywood, pode-se inferir que enquanto as audiências responderem positivamente a imagens alternativas de negros nos ecrãs, as companhias produtoras de Hollywood continuarão a permitir filmes com uma forte presença de elementos da raça negra e sobre problemas que afectam particularmente estes indivíduos.
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Rodrigues, Marco Túlio Fonseca. « Estudos físico-químicos da formação de filmes finos de carbon black assistida por vórtice ». Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/SFSA-979QWC.
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In this work a new self-assembly technique is presented, allowing the fast formation of carbon black thin films. It consists in the controlled addition of a stable carbon material's dispersion over the water surface, disturbed by a vortex. The vortex, although not essential for the film formation, was found to drastically improve film homogeneity. A physical chemical study concerning how several parameters could be used to tune film properties was also conducted. The selfassembled
films, which can be picked up in any hydrophilic substrate, showed a good electrical conductivity and a high optical transparency. As an application example, films about 200 nm thick were employed as supercapacitor electrodes.O propósito deste trabalho foi estudar uma nova técnica que possibilita a formação de filmes finos de carbon black em poucos minutos. O procedimento consiste na adição controlada de uma dispersão estável do material de carbono sobre a superfície da água, perturbada por um vórtice. Foi observado que a presença do vórtice possibilita a obtenção de filmes com maior homogeneidade. Foi realizada, ainda, uma investigação físico-química dos diversos fatores que infuenciam as propriedades dos filmes. Os filmes obtidos podem ser coletados em virtualmente qualquer substrato hidrofílico e apresentam boa condutividade elétrica e alta transparência. Como exemplo de aplicação, filmes com cerca de 200 nm de espessura foram utilizados como eletrodos de supercapacitor.
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Aw, Cheong Soon (Samuel). « A study to evaluate the permeation characteristics of black tea flavors and linalool in four different plastic films / ». Online version of thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11853.
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Wang, Hai, et 王海. « Block copolymer thin films for nanometer pattern generation and nanostructure synthesis ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36979843.
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Bäuml, Matthias. « Hedge Fund's Performance Black Box an Exposé on Fixed Income Arbitrage Returns / ». St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/05609698001/$FILE/05609698001.pdf.
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Hayirlioglu, Arzu. « Directed Assembly of Block Copolymer Films Via Surface Energy Tunable Elastomers ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1399049231.
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Li, Tong. « Terrace Phenomenon in Lamellae Block Copolymer Films Via Cold Zone Annealing ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1430755932.
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Deng, Guodong. « Self-Assembly of Poly(Ethylene Oxide)-Block-Poly(Ethyl Acrylate)-Block-Polystyrene with Phenolic Resins ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1399044329.
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Duan, Fangjing. « Option pricing models and volatility surfaces ». St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/03607991001/$FILE/03607991001.pdf.
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Furrer, Marc. « Numerical Accuracy of Least Squares Monte Carlo ». St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01650217002/$FILE/01650217002.pdf.
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Durkin, Hannah. « The black female dancing body in the films and writings of Josephine Baker and Katherine Dunham ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575418.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This project investigates the international film careers and writings of African American dancers Josephine Baker (1906-1975) and Katherine Dunham (1909- 2006) as dynamic sites of identity construction to illuminate the conflicting ways in which individual performances complicate categorisations of "race" and "gender." By exploring the ways in which these two artists mediate popular constructions of black women's identities, my investigation interrogates widely held conceptions of authorship and artistic hierarchies. It provides insights into intercultural identity formations by positioning black women's physical performances as sites on which historical struggles over cultural meanings have been played out and contested. Consequently, this study examines transatlantic struggles for control over pre-Civil Rights era cultural embodiments of black womanhood and seeks to establish these representations as not only diverse, but also deeply complex and polysemous. The thesis turns first to Baker and Dunham's writings. Chapter One analyses three of Baker's co-authored autobiographies, Voyages et aventures de Josephine Baker (1931), Une vie de toutes les couleurs (1935), and Josephine (1978); Chapter Two examines Dunham's anthropological memoirs, Journey to Accompong (1946) and Island Possessed (1969). I argue that these texts complicate contemporaneous racial ideologies and shed light on the autobiographical and intellectual underpinnings of dance performances that were, and continue to be, dismissed as exotic entertainment. Indeed, as with their dance performances, this thesis argues that Baker and Dunham's writings were acts of self-invention and re-invention, as they challenged rigid racial frameworks. I then turn to Baker and Dunham' s films to evidence the contrasting ways in which their performances were translated and received on both sides of the Atlantic. Chapters Three and Four scrutinise Baker's diverse performance strat~gies in French cinema, first as a silent performer and then as a glamorous "star"; Chapter Five considers Dunham's intervention in Second World War-era Hollywood racial codes and Chapter Six compares her representations with her reception in European post-war cinema. Together, Baker and Dunham' s films demonstrate that they sought to intervene in frequently demeaning cultural frameworks by adopting black diasporic dance formations as vehicles for artistic experimentation. Although their creative intentions were complicated by audience interpretations, I show how Baker and Dunham used dance performance to both engage with and contest contemporary racial and gender representations.
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Cleary, Justin. « Surface Plasmon Hosts for Infrared Waveguides and Biosensors, and Plasmons in Gold-Black Nano-Structured Films ». Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3562.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Applications of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) have thus far emphasized visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Extension into the long-wave infrared (LWIR) has numerous potential advantages for biosensors and waveguides, which are explored in this work. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor that operates deep into the infrared (3-11 µm wavelengths) is potentially capable of biomolecule recognition based on both selective binding and characteristic vibrational modes. The goal is to operate such sensors at wavelengths where biological analytes are strongly differentiated by their IR absorption spectra and where the refractive index is increased by dispersion, which will provide enhanced selectivity and sensitivity. Potentially useful IR surface plasmon resonances are investigated on lamellar gratings formed from various materials with plasma frequencies in the IR wavelength range including doped semiconductors, semimetals, and conducting polymers. One outcome of this work has been the demonstration of a simple analytic formula for calculating the SPP absorption resonances in the angular reflectance spectra of gratings. It is demonstrated for Ag lamellar gratings in the 6-11 µm wavelength range. The recipe is semi-empirical, requiring knowledge of a surface-impedance modulation amplitude, which is found here by comparison to experiment as a function of the grating groove depth and the wavelength. The optimum groove depth for photon-to-SPP energy conversion was found by experiment and calculation to be ~10-15% of the wavelength. Hemicylindrical prism couplers formed from Si or Ge were investigated as IR surface plasmon couplers for the biosensor application. Strong Fabry-Perot oscillations in the angular reflectance spectra for these high index materials suggest that grating couplers will be more effective for this application in the LWIR. A variety of materials having IR plasma frequencies were investigated due to the tighter SPP mode confinement anticipated in the IR than for traditional noble metals. First doped-Si and metal silicides (Ni, Pd, Pt and Ti) were investigated due to their inherent CMOS compatibility. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, secondary ion mass spectrometry and four point probe measurements complemented the optical characterization by ellipsometry. Calculation of propagation length and mode confinement from measured permittivities demonstrated the suitability for these materials for LWIR SPP applications. Semimetals were also investigated since their plasma frequencies are intermediate between those of doped silicon and metal silicides. The semimetal antimony, with a plasma frequency ~80 times less than that of gold was characterized. Relevant IR surface plasmon properties, including the propagation length and penetration depths for SPP fields, were determined from optical constants measured in the LWIR. Distinct resonances due to SPP generation were observed in angular reflection spectra of Sb lamellar gratings in the wavelength range of 6 to 11 µm. Though the real part of the permittivity is positive in this range, which violates the usual condition for the existence of bound SPP modes, calculations based on experimental permittivity showed that there is little to distinguish bound from unbound SPP modes for this material. The SPP mode decays exponentially away from the surface on both sides of the permittivity sign change. Water is found to broaden the IR plasmon resonances significantly at 9.25 micron wavelength where aqueous extinction is large. Much sharper resonances for water based IR SPR biosensor can be achieved in the 3.5 to 5.5 µm range. Nano-structured Au films (Au-black) were investigated as IR absorbers and possible solar cell enhancers based on surface plasmon resonance. The characteristic length scales of the structured films vary considerably as a function of deposition parameters, but the absorbance is found to be only weakly correlated with these distributions. Structured Au-black with a broad range of cluster length scales appear to be able to support multiple SPP modes with incident light coupling to the corrugated surface as seen by photoelectron emission microscopy (PEEM) and SPR experiments, supporting the hypothesis that Au-black may be a suitable material for plasmon-resonance enhancement solar-cell efficiency over the broad solar spectrum.Ph.D.
Department of Physics
Sciences
Physics PhD
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Porto, Ledilege Cucco. « Etude de films minces et de nanoparticules obtenus par auto-assemblage de copolymères à blocs et leurs interactions avec un oligo/polysaccharide ». Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENU011/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ce travail décrit la séparation de microphase à l'état solide d'un copolymère dibloc comprenant un bloc hautement biocompatible poly [2 - (méthacryloyloxy) éthyl phosphorylcholine] et un bloc pH-sensible poly [2 - (diisopropylamino) méthacrylate d'éthyle] (PMPC-b-PDPA). L'auto-assemblage d'un copolymère dibloc amphiphiles à base de polystyrène (PS) et le poly (acide acrylique) (PAA), a été étudié en suspension aqueuse, et leur décoration par du chitosane, afin de vérifier leur capacité à encapsuler et à libérer par voie transdermique la finastéride, une molécule stéroïdiens inhibiteur de la enzyme 5-alpha-réductase, qui a été recommandée pour le traitement de l'alopécie androgénétique. La morphologie des films PMPC30-b-PDPA60 a été analysée par SAXS et (S) TEM. Films du PMPC30-b-PDPA60 préparés dans une solution de l'éthanol à température ambiante présentent une morphologie cylindrique, qui subit une transition ordre-ordre sur un recuit thermique à 170 ° C: la structure lamellaire résultant coexiste avec une proportion de cylindres organisée dans une phase hexagonale compacte. En revanche, les films du copolymère préparé à partir de méthanol ne subissent pas la même transition morphologique, résultant dans des structures mal organisées, indépendante de traitement thermique. Enfin, les structures lamellaires sont obtenues directement à partir d'une solution aqueuse à pH 4, sans traitement thermique. Ces systèmes offrent une nouvelle alternative pour la fabrication de structures lamellaires constituées d'un matériau biomimétique et anti-fouling, élargissant l'éventail des possibilités dans le domaine de l'ingénierie macromoléculaire.Une autre stratégie adoptée dans ce travail a été basé sur le développement de nanoparticules bien organisé avec des propriétés de surface nature bioinspirés, formé entre polymersomes chargés négativement à base des copolymères à blocs de polystyrène (PS) et le poly (acide acrylique) (PAA) décorés avec du chitosane, un polysaccharide de charge opposée. Le rôle de l'adsorption du chitosane avec deux poids moléculaires distincts (chitosane oligosaccharides et du chitosane avec un faible poids moléculaire) sur la surface des nanoparticules PS139-b-PAA17 et des nanoparticules PS404-b-PAA63 ont été démontrés par diffusion dynamique de la lumière, potentiel zêta et caractérisation morphologiques. En présence du chitosane, le potentiel zêta de polymersomes devient positif. Ce résultat a été interprété en termes d'interactions électrostatiques, qui induisent une adsorption du chitosane sur la surface des polymersomes. Ce résultat a été confirmé par une observation comparative par microscopie entre des polymersomes et des polymersomes décorées. Polymersomes avec un diamètre <200 nm et une distribution granulométrique relativement étroite ont été obtenus pour les deux systèmes. L'effet de la décoration des nanoparticules par du chitosane sur la perméation cutanée in vitro du finastéride, incorporé dans la paroi hydrophobe de polymersomes, a également été évaluée. La pénétration cutanée du finastéride a été estimée par les paramètres de perméabilité tels que le flux, temps de latence et du coefficient de perméabilité de la finastéride. Une amélioration de la perméation du finastéride à partir des nanoparticules a été observée, en particulier à partir de nanoparticules décorées avec du chitosane. Le polymersome PS404-b-PAA63 décorées avec du chitosane semble être le système le plus approprié car il favorisé une meilleure rétention du médicament dans la peau et les faibles valeurs de flux de perméation, suggérant que le système fournit un véhicule de remplacement pour l'administration transdermique de finastérideThis work describes the microphase separation in bulk of an diblock copolymer comprising a highly biocompatible poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine] block and a pH-sensitive poly[2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate] block (PMPC-b-PDPA). The self-assembly of an amphiphilic diblock copolymer based on polystyrene (PS) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) was studied in terms of their decoration with the chitosan, verifying their ability to incorporate and transdermally release the drug finasteride, a steroidal molecule 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor that has been recommended for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. The morphology of PMPC30-b-PDPA60 films was analyzed using SAXS and (S)TEM. PMPC30-b-PDPA60 films cast from ethanol solution at room temperature exhibit a thermodynamically quasi-stable cylindrical morphology, which undergoes an order-order transition upon thermal annealing at 170 oC: the resulting lamellar structure coexists with a minor proportion of cylinders organized into a hexagonal compact phase. In contrast, copolymer films cast from methanol do not undergo the same morphological transition. Instead, short-range liquid-like structures are obtained regardless of the annealing processes. Finally, direct self-assembly to form a lamellar morphology at room temperature can be achieved by solvent-casting from aqueous solution at pH 4. These systems offer a new alternative for the fabrication of lamellar structures in which one layer is biomimetic and non-fouling, expanding the range of possibilities in the macromolecular engineering field. Another strategy adopted in this work was based on the development of well-organized nanoparticles with nature-bioinspired surface properties, formed between negatively charged polymersomes based on polystyrene (PS) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) block copolymers decorated with chitosan, an oppositely charged polysaccharide. The role of chitosan with two distinct molecular weights (chitosan oligosaccharide and low molecular weight chitosan) adsorption on the surface of oppositely charged PS139-b-PAA17 and PS404-b-PAA63 nanoparticles were demonstrated by dynamic light scattering measurements, zeta potential and morphological characterization. In the presence of chitosan, the zeta potential of polymersomes becomes positive. This result was interpreted in terms of electrostatic interactions, which induce a flat adsorption of the chitosan on the surface of the polymersomes. This result was further confirmed by a comparative observation by microscopy of bare and chitosan-decorated polymersomes. Polymersomes with a diameter < 200 nm and a relatively narrow size distribution were obtained for both systems. The effect of chitosan decoration of self-assembled nanoparticles on skin penetration in vitro of finasteride was also evaluated, once incorporated in the wall hydrophobic of polymersomes. The skin permeation through pig ear skin of finasteride was estimated by the permeability parameters such as flux, lag time and permeability coefficient of finasteride. An improved permeation of finasteride from the nanoparticle system was observed, especially from nanoparticles decorated with chitosan. The PS404-b-PAA63 polymersome decorated with chitosan seems to be the most appropriate system since it provided higher drug retention in skin and low permeation flux values, suggesting that the PS-b-PAA/chitosan system provides an alternative for transdermal drug delivery system of finasteride
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Zhang, Ren. « Dynamic Temperature Gradient Directed Self-Assembly of Block Copolymer/Nanoparticle Thin Films ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1367278856.
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Singh, Gurpreet. « Dynamic Thermal Field-Induced Directed Self-Assembly of Block Copolymer Thin Films ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1372120753.
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Heinzer, Michael J. « Phase behavior and ordering kinetics of block copolymers in solution during solvent removal ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39304.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation is part of an effort to understand and to facilitate the modeling of the ordering kinetics of block copolymers in solution during the extraction of solvent from a solution-cast film. Central to this work was determining a suitable method for measuring the ordering kinetics during solvent removal and being able to interpret the measurements in terms of structure development. It was also necessary to assess a model for quantifying the ordering kinetics to use in conjunction with a mass transfer model to predict structure formation during solvent extraction.
Changes in the dynamic mechanical response (DMR) over time of block copolymer solutions at fixed concentrations following solvent removal were explored as a means to track the growth of ordered domains. It was found that DMR measurements performed following solvent extraction were sensitive to the nucleation and growth process of the phase separation process over a wide range of concentrations, beginning near the order-disorder transition concentration. Based on complimentary small angle X-ray measurements, it was determined that the changes in the DMR are caused by the development of individual microstructures, The SAXS experiments also indicated that the DMR is insensitive to late stages of the growth process. Ultimately, DMR measurements under-predicted the ordering times at several concentrations and did not detect ordering at concentrations above which SAXS data indicated ordering was still occurring.
â
The ability to use the parallel and series rules of mixtures for determining ï ¦(t) in conjunction with the Avrami equation to quantitatively model the ordering kinetics was also determined. These models allowed the ordering kinetics during solvent removal to be qualitatively analyzed. However, using the two different rules of mixtures resulted in a wide range of possible ordering times for a given copolymer concentration, making these approximations unsuitable for modeling a real solvent extraction process. Further, the parameters of the model were insensitive to the type of microstructures developing.
As a continuation of this work, a new apparatus to track block copolymer ordering in situ during solvent extraction was designed. Experiments using the apparatus allowed the ordering kinetics and domain dimensions as a function of concentration to be monitored in real-time under several solvent removal conditions. These experiments study the ordering kinetics is a manner more akin to real processing conditions and will allow future assessment of the ability of iso-concentration ordering kinetics to predict phase separation during film processing.Ph. D.
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Paleker, Gairoonisa. « Creating a 'black film industry' : state intervention and films for African audiences in South Africa, 1956-1990 ». Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8259.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 217-239).
This thesis examines one aspect of cinema in South Africa, namely, the historical construction of a 'black film industry' and the development of a 'black' cinema viewing audience. It does so by focusing on films produced specifically for an African audience using a state subsidy. This subsidy was introduced in 1972 and was separate from the general or A-Scheme subsidy that was introduced in 1956 for the production of English- and Afrikaans-language or 'white' films. This thesis is a critical assessment of the actual film products that the B-Scheme produced. The films are analysed within the broader political, economic and social context of their production and exhibition. The films are used as historical sources for the way in which African identities were constructed. Through critical analyses of the selected films, the thesis examines the manner in which African people, culture, gender and family relations, as well as class and/or political aspirations were represented in film. Africans had very little opportunity or power to represent themselves and where this had been possible, it was within the ideological and political boundaries set by the apartheid government.
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Greene, Danyelle. « Cutting Against Controlling Imagery : An Analysis of Films Directed by Gina Prince-Bythewood and Ava DuVernay ». OpenSIUC, 2016. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1984.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Historically, images of Black women in media have been confined to one-dimensional, caricatured representations such as the mammy, jezebel, and 'angry Black woman'. However, a small segment of Black female filmmakers have committed to the re-presentation of Black women. This study focuses on two Black female directors, Gina Prince-Bythewood and Ava DuVernay, who have re-presented multi-dimensional images of Black women at the center of their stories. In this thesis, Prince-Bythewood’s "Love & Basketball" (2000) and "Beyond the Lights" (2014) and DuVernay’s "The Door" (2013) and "Selma" (2014) are the subjects of the chapters as I examine themes such as community, motherhood, and girlhood from the films.
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Aubrit, Florian. « Films nanocomposites plasmoniques auto-assemblés ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0727/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les métamatériaux sont des matériaux artificiels, formés par l’assemblage de nano-résonateurs, qui ont la capacité d’interagir avec les ondes qui les traversent et de conférer des propriétés inaccessibles aux matériaux homogènes. Afin de fabriquer de tels métamatériaux agissant dans le domaine du visible, un contrôle précis de l’organisation des résonateurs à l’échelle nanométrique est requis. Dans ce projet nous avons donc élaboré des voies de fabrication de type bottom-up, en organisant de façon anisotrope des nanoparticules d’or (AuNPs), qui sont des résonateurs du fait de leurs propriétés plasmoniques, dans un film de copolymères à blocs poly(styrène)-b-poly(vinylpyridine) (PS-b-PVP) nano-structuré en rangées de cylindres de PVP perpendiculaires au substrat.Au cours de ce projet, nous avons élaboré des routes de formulation permettant de produire des films de phase cylindrique hexagonale de copolymères alignés contenant des nanoparticules d’or. L’orientation des cylindres perpendiculaires au substrat a été obtenue en déposant le copolymère grâce à un solvant neutre dont la composition dépend de la fraction volumique en PVP du copolymère. La structure des films avec et sans nanoparticules a été caractérisée par microscopie et diffusion des rayons X en incidence rasante (GISAXS). Plusieurs méthodes d’incorporation des nanoparticules d’or ont été étudiées, soit en synthétisant les nanoparticules au sein du copolymère, en solution avant dépôt ou directement dans le film organisé ; soit en incorporant des nanoparticules pré-formées, en solution de copolymère ou dans le film déposé. Dans le cas de la synthèse in situ, nous avons formé les AuNPs par réduction chimique ou physique (sonication, radiolyse) d’un sel d’or dans le copolymère. L’incorporation des AuNPs pré-formées, elle, a été réalisée grâce à la fonctionnalisation des AuNPs ou par un traitement du film de copolymère afin de faciliter l’insertion des AuNPsMetamaterials are artificial materials, made from the assembly of nano-resonators, which can interact with incoming waves and get properties unknown for homogeneous materials. In order to fabricate metamaterials with an effect over visible light, a precise control over the organization at the nanoscale is required. The goal of this project was then the use of bottom-up approaches to achieve the anisotropic organization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which are resonators due to their plasmonic properties, into a poly(styrene)-b-poly(vinylpyridine) block copolymer film, with a nanostructuration in arrays of PVP cylindrical domains perpendicular to the substrate.During this work, we investigated routes for the fabrication of copolymer films containing ordered gold nanoparticles in a hexagonal cylindrical phase. The orientation of the cylinders normal to the substrate was obtained by casting the copolymer with a neutral solvent whose composition was found dependent on the volumic fraction of PVP in the copolymer. The film structure with and without AuNPs was characterized by microscopy and Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-rays Scattering (GISAXS). Several incorporation methods for the insertion of AuNPs were studied, either by the in situ synthesis of the nanoparticles in solution before casting or directly into the ordered film; or by incorporating pre-formed AuNPs in the copolymer solution or in the film as-cast. In the case of the in situ synthesis, the AuNPs were formed by chemical or physical (sonication, radiolysis) reduction of a gold salt in the copolymer. The incorporation of pre-formed AuNPs was, achieved thanks to the functionalization of the AuNPs or by a treatment of the copolymer film in order to facilitate the insertion of the AuNPs
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Knoll, Armin. « Equilibrium and dynamic phase behavior in thin films of cylinder-forming block copolymers ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972352821.
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Ye, Changhuai. « Microstructure Alignment and Mechanical Properties of Block Copolymer and Crystalline Polymer Thin Films ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1475553221643627.
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Basutkar, Monali N. « Directed Self-Assembly of Nanostructured Block Copolymer Thin Films via Dynamic Thermal Annealing ». University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1532522639938773.
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Logan, Jennifer. « Polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) stars surface films at the air/water interface / ». [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0009470.
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Alvarez, Fernández Alberto. « Hybridization of block copolymer thin films with plasmonic nanoresonators for optical metamaterials design ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0168/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le concept de metamatériaux est apparu au cours des années 2000 avec la réalisation de structures artificielles permettant une propagation non-conventionnelles des ondes électromagnétiques. La réponse électromagnétique des metamatériaux est liée à la présence d’éléments optiquement résonants, de dimensions inférieures aux longueurs d’onde d’excitation, arrangés dans une structure périodique prédéfinie.Afin de produire les structures géométriques inhérentes au design de metamatériaux, l’auto-assemblage des copolymères à blocs constitue une méthodologie émergente. En effet, les structures périodiques produites lors de la séparation de phase de ces matériaux peuvent être utilisées en tant que canevas pour la création de réseaux périodiques de nanoparticules. L’objectif principal de ces travaux de thèse a ainsi été de démontrer la validité de cette stratégie pour la réalisation, d’une manière simple et reproductible, d’une large gamme de nanostructures et de corréler les paramètres structuraux de ces réseaux de nanoparticules aux propriétés optiques.Une première démonstration de ce concept a été obtenue en utilisant un copolymère à blocs formant une structure lamellaire afin de réaliser des surfaces possédant des indices de réfraction élevés. La formation contrôlée de particules métalliques au sein de cette structure a permis de produire des surfaces décorées par ces nanoparticules, pour lesquelles une corrélation entre la teneur en or et l’indice de réfraction résultant a pu être établie. Ce concept a été poussé plus en avant en utilisant une gamme des copolymères à blocs de différentes masses molaires et formant une morphologie cylindrique. En effet, un contrôle accru des paramètres structuraux des réseaux de nanoparticules (diamètre et distance inter-particules) a permis la réalisation de metasurfaces aux propriétés optiques variées. Enfin la mise au point d’une stratégie d’auto-assemblage itérative nous a permis d’obtenir des metasurfaces au design complexe, avec notamment la production de surfaces décorées par des clusters bimétalliques ou des multicouches hybrides polymère/metal. Dans l’ensemble des cas, les surfaces décorées de nanoparticules ont été minutieusement caractérisées par des techniques de microscopie et de diffraction RX afin de mieux appréhender les propriétés optiques dérivées d’analyses d’ellipsométrie spectroscopique à angle variableThe concept of metamaterials appeared in the years 2000 with the achievement of artificial structures enabling nonconventional propagation of electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic response of metamaterials is based on the presence of optically resonant elements of sub-wavelength size and well-designed morphology and organization.In order to create controlled geometrical structures inherent to metamaterials design, block copolymer self-assembly constitutes an emerging strategy. Indeed, the periodic structures inherent to their segregation behavior can be used as scaffolds to create various regular or ordered nanoparticles arrays. The main objectives of this study is to demonstrate that block copolymer can indeed lead to a high level of control of a variety of designed nanostructures, in an easy and scalable method, and to correlate the structural parameters of the nanoparticles arrays and their optical properties.As a first demonstration, a lamellar-forming (poly(styrene)-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) was used to create high refractive index surfaces. The selective and customizable metal incorporation within the out-of-plane lamellae produces azimuthally isotropic metallic nanostructures of defined geometries, for which a clear relationship between the gold content and the refractive index was established. Further studies were dedicated to the correlation between the geometrical parameters of the nanoparticles arrays and the optical properties through the macromolecular engineering of a series of cylinder-forming block copolymers having a wide range of molecular weights. Through this strategy, the particle diameter and the inter-particle distance were tuned leading to the production of metasurfaces with various optical characteristics. More complex metasurface designs were also obtained using a layer-by-layer self-assembly strategy, i.e. bimetallic raspberry nanoclusters or layered hybrid (metallic/polymer) structures. In all cases, the nanoparticles arrays were thoroughly analyzed using microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering techniques in order to better apprehend the optical properties derived from variable-angle spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis
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Paralik, Besire. « Black Lesbian, Gay and Transgender Representations in Films : Stereotypes, Power Relations and Gender Roles : An intersectional analysis of the films Set It Off, Tangerine and Moonlight ». Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-141171.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis investigates the black lesbian, gay, transgender representations in three US-American films. Using feminist film theory and intersectionality theory, the thesis analyzes the films Set It Off, Tangerine and Moonlight. This analysis includes three themes: 1) Stereotypes including drugs, violence and low socioeconomic status 2) Power relations including white and/or heterosexual supremacy 3) Representation of gender. Overall the study seeks to understand and explore the ways of how intersections between class, race, gender, and sexuality are represented along with the three themes.
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Tokarev, Ihor. « Order in Thin Films of Diblock Copolymers by Supramolecular Assembly ». Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2004. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1099477838203-49954.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thin membranes with dense periodic arrays of nanoscopic voids were fabricated using the principles of supramolecular assembly and self-organization in polymers. Such nanoporous membranes can be used as templates for synthesis and patterning of various organic and inorganic materials. In this thesis 4-vinylpyridine fragments of polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-PVP) were associated with the molecules of two different low molar mass additives, 2-(4'-hydroxybenzeneazo)benzoic acid (HABA) and 3-n-pentadecyl phenol (PDP), via hydrogen bonds. The choice of an additive and a solvent is a key factor which influences the morphologies of the PS-PVP+HABA associates (supramolecular assemblies) in thin films. The reversible association via hydrogen bonds allows the amphiphilic molecules of PDP to phase segregate on the free air interface. Unlike, the molecules of HABA remain associated within cylindrical and lamellar domains formed by the PVP block. A solvent used for film deposition influences the orientation of PVP+HABA domains with respect to the confining interfaces. The films deposited from 1,4-dioxane &#8211; a good solvent for PS and a bad one for PVP+HABA &#8211; demonstrated the perpendicular orientation of PVP+HABA domains. Meanwhile, the preparation of films from a chloroform solution &#8211; a good solvent for both PS and PVP+HABA &#8211; led to the parallel alignment. The orientation was independent on the film thickness (within the studied range of 20&#8211;100 nm) and insensitive to the chemical nature of a substrate. The orientation of the domains was shown to switch upon exposure to vapors of the above mentioned solvents from the parallel to perpendicular orientation and vice versa. Moreover, the swelling of the films in solvent vapors resulted in the significant improvement of the domain ordering. Extraction of HABA with selective solvent transformed of PVP+HABA domains into channels with reactive PVP chains on the walls. The resulted membranes with the perpendicular oriented channels (the diameter about 8 nm, the inter-channel distance 24 nm) were used as a template for the creation of ordered arrays of nanodots from nickel, chromium and gold.