Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Biosemiotic »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Biosemiotic"
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Favareau, Donald. « Founding a world biosemiotics institution : The International Society for Biosemiotic Studies ». Sign Systems Studies 33, no 2 (31 décembre 2005) : 481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2005.33.2.12.
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Tønnessen, Morten, Jonathan Beever et Yogi Hale Hendlin. « Introducing Biosemiotic Ethics ». Zeitschrift für Semiotik 37, no 3-4 (3 août 2018) : 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14464/zsem.v37i3-4.362.
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In this introduction to the special issue on Biosemiotic Ethics, we introduce major concepts and themes corresponding to the topic. With reference to Ivar Puura’s notion of “semiocide”, we ask: what are the ethical responsibilities that attention to semiotics carries? We argue that if life is fundamentally semiotic, then biosemiotics and moral theory should be explored in conjunction, rather than separately. Biosemiotic ethics becomes relevant whenever one complex of signs impinges on another; particularly whenever human sign usage impinges on the wellbeing or sustainable functioning of human or non-human semiotic agents. Stable coexistence of sign systems is far from inevitable, but it is a meaningful goal that can be pursued. In complex ecosystems, for example, certain types of coexistent relationships have evolved to share space despite competitive needs and expressions. We describe the ways in which authors in this volume articulate various justifications for the view that what is morally relevant is semiosis. Given these perspectives in a growing approach to understanding moral relationships, biosemiotic ethics has the decisive advantage of drawing on contemporary biosemiotics’ empirically-informed biological acuity within a rich semiotic framework.
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Weber, Andreas. « Mimesis and Metaphor : The biosemiotic generation of meaning in Cassirer and Uexküll ». Sign Systems Studies 32, no 1/2 (31 décembre 2004) : 297–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2004.32.1-2.13.
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In this paper I pursue the influences of Jakob von Uexküll’s biosemiotics on the anthropology of Ernst Cassirer. I propose that Cassirer in his Philosophy of the Symbolic Forms has written a cultural semiotics which in certain core ideas is grounded on biosemiotic presuppositions, some explicit (as the “emotive basic ground” of experience), some more implicit. I try to trace the connecting lines to a biosemiotic approach with the goal of formulating a comprehensive semiotic anthropology which understands man as embodied being and culture as a phenomenon of general semioses.
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Chávez Barreto, Eugenio Israel, Oscar S. Miyamoto Gómez, Tyler James Bennett, Ľudmila Lacková et Kalevi Kull. « Funktionskreis and the biosemiotic signifieds : Towards the integration of semiotics ». Sign Systems Studies 50, no 2-3 (5 décembre 2022) : 433–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2022.50.2-3.07.
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The following is a brief synopsis of the 2021 summer Semiosalong event titled “Funktionskreis and the biosemiotic signifieds”, held at the Karl Ernst von Baer House, Tartu, Estonia, with presentations by the authors of this review. The included talks revolve around the idea of a ‘second major turn in biosemiotics’ following the more ‘Peircean inspired biology’ turn of the last few decades of the 20th century, and reconciling its findings with other theoretical foundations of general semiotics, such as structural semiology. The aesthetic and textual concerns of the latter invite commentary from the biosemiotic perspective.
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Deely, John. « Ethics and the Semiosis-Semiotics Distinction ». Zeitschrift für Semiotik 37, no 3-4 (3 août 2018) : 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14464/zsem.v37i3-4.364.
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This essay focuses on the turn to ethics within biosemiotics and rearticulates the difference between semiosis and semiotics in order to orient biosemiotic ethics to the fundamental importance of human responsibility in and to the semiosphere.
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Beever, Jonathan, Morten Tønnessen, Yogi Hale Hendlin et Wendy Wheeler. « Interview on biosemiotic ethics with Wendy Wheeler ». Zeitschrift für Semiotik 37, no 3-4 (3 août 2018) : 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14464/zsem.v37i3-4.386.
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In this interview, Wendy Wheeler, London Metropolitan University Emerita Professor of English Literature and Cultural Inquiry, discusses her thoughts on biosemiotics and its relevance for ethics. In Wheeler’s perspective, biosemiotics can ground ethics because it offers an alternative and fitting ontology of relations. She shares her thoughts on Peirce as a foundational figure for biosemiotics, and explains why she doubts that an ecological ethics can be framed in terms of laws. Further, she discusses her views on moral agency in nonhumans, and warns against ideas based on human exceptionalism, sentimentalism and puritanism. Wheeler thinks that a biosemiotic ethics can posit a more located, or systemically nested, sense of semiotic value. Her moral question, she explains, would always be something like: Is this growing? Is this lively?
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Emmeche, Claus. « The chicken and the Orphean egg : On the function of meaning and the meaning of function ». Sign Systems Studies 30, no 1 (31 décembre 2002) : 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2002.30.1.02.
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A central aspect of the relation between biosemiotics and biology is investigated by asking: Is a biological concept of function intrinsically related to a biosemiotic concept of sign action, and vice versa? A biological notion of function (as some process or part that serves some purpose in the context of maintenance and reproduction of the whole organism) is discussed in the light of the attempt to provide an understanding of life processes as being of a semiotic nature, i.e., constituted by sign actions. Does signification and communication in biology (e.g., intracellular communication) always presuppose an organism with distinct semiotic or quasi-semiotic functions? And, symmetrically, is it the case that functional relations are simply not conceivable without living sign action? The present note is just an introduction to a project aiming at elucidating the relations between biofunction and biosemiosis.
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Pattee, Howard H., et Kalevi Kull. « A biosemiotic conversation : Between physics and semiotics ». Sign Systems Studies 37, no 1/2 (15 décembre 2009) : 311–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2009.37.1-2.12.
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In this dialogue, we discuss the contrast between inexorable physical laws and the semiotic freedom of life. We agree that material and symbolic structures require complementary descriptions, as do the many hierarchical levels of their organizations. We try to clarify our concepts of laws, constraints, rules, symbols, memory, interpreters, and semiotic control. We briefly describe our different personal backgrounds that led us to a biosemiotic approach, and we speculate on the future directions of biosemiotics.
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Kull, Kalevi, Claus Emmeche et Donald Favareau. « Biosemiotic Questions ». Biosemiotics 1, no 1 (26 mars 2008) : 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12304-008-9008-2.
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Winter, Sarah. « Darwin's Saussure : Biosemiotics and Race in Expression ». Representations 107, no 1 (2009) : 128–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2009.107.1.128.
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Charles Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872) theorizes expressions as biological signs based on the physiological signifier's arbitrary nature as an outcome of natural selection. Darwin's biosemiotic thinking in advance of Saussurian linguistics produces a correlated reading of race as a biologically incoherent sign. While Darwin's methodological modernism remains implicit in his writings, the Darwinian biosemiotics that emerges in Expression offers a promising means to bridge the natural and human sciences.
Thèses sur le sujet "Biosemiotic"
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Neubauer, Deana. « The biosemiotic imagination in the Victorian frames of mind : Newman, Eliot and Welby ». Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2016. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/1142/.
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This thesis traces the development of thought in the philosophical and other writings of three nineteenth-century thinkers, whose work exemplifies that century’s attempts to think beyond the divisions of culture from nature and to reconcile empirical science with metaphysical truth. Drawing on nineteenth-century debates on the origin of language and evolutionary theory, the thesis argues that the ideas of John Henry Newman, George Eliot and Lady Victoria Welby were cultural precursors to the biosemiotic thought of the second half of the twentieth century and beyond, specifically in the way in which these three thinkers sought to find a ‘common grammar’ between natural and human practices. While only Lady Welby communicated with the scientist, logician and father of modern semiotics, Charles S. Peirce (1839-1914), all three contributed to the cultural sensibility that informed subsequent work in biology/ethology (Jakob von Uexküll (1864-1944), zoosemiotics (Thomas A. Sebeok (1920-2001), and the development of biosemiotics (Thomas A. Sebeok and Jesper Hoffmeyer (1943-present), Kalevi Kull (1952-present) among others. Each of these nineteenth-century writer’s intellectual development show strong parallels with the interdisciplinary endeavour of biosemiotics. The latter’s observation that biology is semiotics, its postulation of the continuity between the natural and cultural world through semiosis and evolutionary semiotic scaffolding its emphasis on the coordination of organic life processes on all levels, from simple cells to human beings, via semiotic interactions that depend on interpretation, communication and learning, and its consequent refusal of Cartesian divide, all find distinct resonances with these earlier thinkers. The thesis thus argues that Newman, Eliot and Welby all gave articulation to what the thesis identifies as the growth of a ‘biosemiotic imagination.’ It argues that Newman, Eliot and Lady Welby envisaged a unity, or a holistic understanding, of life based on a European developmental tradition of biology, philosophy and language which was familiar to Charles Darwin himself. This evolutionary ontology called forth a new epistemology grounded in a mode of unconscious creative inference (biosemiotic imagination) akin to Charles S. Peirce’s concept of abduction. Abduction is the logical operation which introduces a new idea and, as such, is the only source of adaptive and creative growth. For Peirce, it is closely tied to the growth of knowledge via the evolutionary action of sign relations. The thesis shows how these thinkers conceptualised their own version of what I suggest can be understood as this biosemiotic imagination and the implications this has for understanding creativity in nature and culture. For John Henry Newman, it was a common source of inspiration in religion and science. For George Eliot, it lay at the basis of any creative process, natural and cultural, between which it forged a link. Similarly to Eliot, Lady Victoria Welby saw abduction as a signifying process that subtends creativity both in nature and culture.
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Robuschi, Camilla. « L'estetico quale strumento di modellizzazione nella prospettiva della biosemiotica ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/355841.
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Il presente lavoro di ricerca vuole essere un contributo all’elaborazione di una teoria della modellizzazione estetica. L’idea di estetico che verrà sviluppata è solo in ultima istanza incentrata sulle opere d’arte, le quali saranno prese in considerazione nei termini di prodotti simbolici costituitivi della sfera culturale umana. Diversamente, nella prospettiva che vogliamo presentare, l’estetico sarebbe parte di un processo ecosistemico e di modellizzazione che coinvolge a vari livelli anche gli altri esseri viventi. L’estetico, ossia, sarebbe uno strumento utile alla creazione di specifici modelli che consentirebbero l’interfaccia con l’ambiente, dove l’obiettivo centrale del presente studio è quello di individuare il tipo di modelli che l’estetico permette di creare e il processo che conduce alla loro costituzione. La modellizzazione estetica, dunque, sarebbe tutt’altro che un comportamento accessorio o di sfondo, bensì uno strumento utile alla sopravvivenza che nell’essere umano trova la sua massima espressione nel simbolico quale capacità di produrre opere d’arte. Sotto questo aspetto, una teoria della modellizzazione estetica permette di superare quei binarismi che per secoli hanno impedito di studiare l’estetico in qualità di processo unitario e complesso. Il comportamento estetico sarebbe infatti una delle manifestazioni più evidenti della continuità tra cultura e natura, verbale e non verbale, soggetto e agente.
Al fine di condurre un’indagine di questo tipo, ritengo utile utilizzare gli strumenti offerti dal campo di studi della biosemiotica, i quali permettono una visione biologica e relazionale dei fenomeni estetici. Gli obiettivi principali sono quelli di porre le basi per un ripensamento dell’estetica tradizionale e di riconsiderare il posizionamento dell’uomo all’interno della natura tramite l’analisi del comportamento estetico.
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Clements, Matthew. « A world beside itself : Jakob von Uexküll, Charles S. Peirce, and the genesis of a biosemiotic hypothesis ». Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2018. http://bbktheses.da.ulcc.ac.uk/338/.
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This thesis explores the conceptual origins of a biosemiotic understanding of the human as a consequence of the vital role of signs in the evolution of life. According to this challenge to definitions of man as the sole bearer of knowledge, human society and culture are not only characterised by the use and production of signs, human life and thought are the products of ongoing processes of semiosis. Along with Thomas Sebeok’s argument concerning animal architecture, examples from Modernist and Contemporary art are presented to introduce a new perspective on the natural and cultural significance of acts of inhabitation. By tracing its historical development in the nineteenth and twentieth century via the concept of the environment, this perspective on both human and non-human life is shown to contest those methods of modern science that are rooted in anthropocentrism The precedents of this perspective are then elaborated through an explication of the work of two of the forefathers of biosemiotics: the biologist Jakob von Uexküll and the philosopher Charles S. Peirce. Uexküll’s theory of the Umwelt demonstrated that in order to make sense of its surroundings each living organism must be situated within an integral world of signs. Peirce’s philosophical account of semiotics explained the evolution of signs in terms of processes of habit formation and the abductive power of thought. Together Uexküll and Peirce provide an impetus for reconsidering the metaphorical implications of aesthetics in terms of the semiotic inheritance of ecological systems. While having critically interrogated their differences especially with respect to their derivation from Kantian philosophy and German Idealism, in conclusion, the ideas of Peirce and Uexküll on the reciprocity of life and signs are shown to mutually contribute to a more advanced comprehension of human subjectivity.
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Cannizzaro, Sara. « Biosemiotics as systems theory : an investigation into biosemiotics as the grounding for a new form of cultural analysis ». Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573403.
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This thesis examines the relation of systems theory to biosemiotics. To this end, it considers the claim that biosemiotics is an uneven development of systems theory. To do this, this thesis explores theories of 'modelling' and 'information' in biosemiotics from the enhanced point of view of systems theory. It will do so following the example set by Deely's 'archaeology of concepts' (1981). By means of the concept of 'isomorphism as structural similarity' (Bertalanffy 1945) the thesis argues that biosemiotics and cybernetics/systems theory share a systems thinking which is grounded in 'transdisciplinarity', 'history' and 'function'. This thesis also argues that such a common methodological perspective is an instance of historical continuity due primarily to biosemiotics' and systems theory's involvement with Tartu-Moscow semiotics. Subsequently, the thesis argues that biosemiotics' and cybernetics' systems thinking differ in their view of 'information'. It shows how biosemiotics broadly conceives information in terms of Peirce's notion of 'abduction', whereas cybernetics conceives information in terms of deduction. It also shows, as a consequence, how biosemiotics' modelling strategies are identifiable with logic as semiotics, while systems theory's modelling strategy is more closely identifiable with mathematical logic alone. Such a methodological difference is argued to be an 'uneven development' (Althusser 1965). The following thesis reveals much that biosemiotics has left unconsidered: the continuing relevance of systems theory, especially in relation to information and observership, and reveals this through the strength of the principle of abduction. Lastly, the thesis 'Biosemiotics as Systems Theory' provides the grounding for a new form of cultural analysis that supersedes the fallacies of semiology. It does so by proposing the following guidelines for the analysis of culture: substituting 'interpretation' with modelling, dispensing of 'representation' in favour of purely objective reality, and recasting 'motivation' in terms of cybersemiotic constraints.
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Lombardo, Lisa. « "The Flukishness of Being Related" : Biosemiotics, Naturecultures, and Irony in the Art of Nina Katchadourian ». Thesis, University of Oregon, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18388.
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This thesis contends that Nina Katchadourian's oeuvre can be read as subtly breaking down problematic assumptions about nature in Western thought. The second chapter draws on biosemiotics, which redefines life as semiosis, and trans-corporeality, which reconceptualizes the human body as inseparable from the environment, to show how Katchadourian's art routinely calls attention to non-human animal and material agencies. The third chapter demonstrates how Katchadourian's work implicitly reinforces Donna Haraway's idea of naturecultures, which contends that nature and culture are mutually implicated and inextricably intertwined, through a close reading of two of Katchadourian's pieces, Natural Crossdressing and Mended Spiderwebs #19 (Laundry Line). The final chapter compares the use of irony in two pieces that comment on Western animal classification--Chloe, by Katchadourian, and Scala Naturae, by Mark Dion--contending that Katchadourian's piece demonstrates what Bronislaw Szerszynski terms an "ironic ecology."
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Francisco, Javier Sanchez Garcia. « Phylogeography, genomics and biosemiotics of bark beetles (Coleoptera : scolytinae) = Filogeografía, genómica y biosemiótica de escarabajos de corteza (Coleoptera : scolytinae) ». Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/371739.
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Los escarabajos de corteza son insectos unidos a las plantas leñosas. Estos escarabajos están encuadrados dentro de los curculiónidos en la subfamilia Scolytinae. Esta subfamilia está compuesta solamente por insectos fitófagos. Su ciclo vita es crítico en los ciclos de materia y energia de los bosques templados. Además estos insectos pueden afectar a los intereses ecómicos en las zonas donde se producen fenómenos de plaga, las cuales pueden acabar afectando a miles de kilómetros cuadrados de bosque. El objetivo general de esta tesis es realizar una aproximación al estudio de los escarabajos de corteza desde diferentes perspectivas. Los aspectos estudiados han permitido identificar si existen patrones de nicho diferenciados en las poblaciones de Tomicus destruens de la cuenca mediterránea, analizar las diferencias en la expresión de microRNAs en T. yunnanensis y T. destruens, caracterizar posibles serina proteasas en T. yunnanensis y analizar las redes ecológicas en las que participan los escarabajos de corteza. En el capítulo uno utilizamos linajes jerárquicos obtenidos mediante análisis cladístico anidado (NCA) de los haplotipos de ADN mitocondrial (ADNmt) del escarabajo de corteza Tomicus destruens, para modelar la distribución por máxima entropía, usando variables ambientales y de hospedador a lo largo de toda la cuenca mediterránea. Los modelos ecológicos desarrollados indican que las linajes de ADN mitocondrial orientales minoritarios de T. destruens difieren en su nicho ecológico potencial de acuerdo a su relación con variables climáticas extremas. El objetivo del segundo capítulo es identificar y caracterizar in silico microRNAs de Tomicus yunnanensis y validar su expresión en T. yunnanensis y T. destruens, mediante el uso de herramientas bioinfomáticas y la utilización de métodos moleculares mediante stem-loop pcrs. Siete miRNAs fueron validados en ambas especies por PCR cuantitativa en tiempo real (RT-qPCR), de los cuales mir-2c-3p y mir-4944-5p mostraron expresión en ambas especies. La expresión de tyu-mir-2c-3p fue mayor en T. destruens que en T. yunnanensis, tanto en machos como en hembras. Sin embargo, se observó la máxima expresión de tyu-mir-4944-5p en las hembras de T. destruens, seguido por los machos de T. yunnanensis y T. destruens. En el tercer cápitulo el objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar in silico el transcriptoma del escarabajo de corteza T. yunnanensis mediante herramientas bioinformáticas e identificar posibles genes candidatos para la síntesis de serina proteasas. Entre las serina proteasas identificadas, cuatro proteasas semejantes a tripsinas y cinco proteasas semejantes a quimotripsinas fueron anotadas in silico. Estas enzimas fueron clasificadas dentro de la familia SA1 y mostraba todas las características de serina proteasas digestivas. El objetivo del cuarto capítulo es identificar las señales del nicho semiótico que afectan a la comunicación intraespecífica de los escarabajos de corteza y también la comunicación con otros organismos, utilizando el concepto de “eco-field” junto con la Teoría General de Recursos (GTR) con el fin de detectar los procesos de ampliación del nicho semiótico en escarabajos de corteza a lo largo de la matriz del paisaje forestal. Una nueva perspectiva in la ecología del paisaje es la aplicación del concepto Eco-field junto con la Teoría General de Recursos. En este artículo, nosotros describimos la existencia de un eco-field en los escarabajos de corteza como una configuración espacial con una específica portadora de significado para cada interacción de cada organismo-recurso. En esta tesis se han abordado aspectos filogeográficos y genómicos de los escarabajos de corteza para entender mejor sus relaciones evolutivas y su ecología. Además se ha realizado una aproximación biosemiótica para analizar las implicaciones de la comunicación de los escolítidos en las redes ecológicas.Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) are insects linked to woody plants. This subfamily is exclusively composed of phytophagous species. In temperate forest ecosystems, their life cycle is critical in the matter and energy cycles of forests, but sometimes produce outbreaks episodes that come to disrupt the economic interests. The importance of these insects is that they are the first to arrive and complete their life cycle in susceptible hosts, facilitating the penetration of other wood-eating organisms like other insects (Hymenoptera and other Coleoptera) and especially fungi. Bark beetles affect mainly host trees with very little defence capability, either because they are weak by environmental conditions, injured or affected by fire. The overall objective of this thesis is to make an approach to the study of bark beetles from different perspectives. The study has allow to identify patterns of differentiated niche in populations of Tomicus destruens in the Mediterranean basin, to analyze differences in the expression of microRNAs in T. yunnanensis and T. destruens, to characterize possible serine proteases in T. yunnanensis and to analyze ecological networks where bark beetles participate. The objective of this chapter one was to identify some environmental factors of the ecological niche that affect the distribution of the mitochondrial lineages (mtLs) and the genetic diversity of T. destruens using nested clade analysis (NCA) together with the maximun entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm (NCA-MaxEnt).The ecological models developed indicate that minority eastern mtDNA lineages of T. destruens differ in their potential ecological niche according to their relation to extreme climatic variables. The main objective of the second chapter is to identify and characterize in silico microRNAs from Tomicus yunnanensis and to validate their expression in T. yunnanensis and T. destruens, using bioinformatics tools and molecular approaches with stem-loop pcrs.Seven miRNAs were validated in both species by quantitative real time PCR (RT-qPCR), of which mir-2c-3p and mir-4944-5p showed expression in both species. The expression of tyu-mir-2c-3p was higher in T. destruens than in T. yunnanensis, in both males and females. However, the highest expression of tyu-mir-4944-5p was observed in females of T. destruens, followed by males of T. yunnanensis and T. destruens. The main goal of the third chapter was to analyse in silico the transcriptome of the bark beetle T. yunnanensis by bioinformatic tools, and identify potential candidate genes for the synthesis of serine proteases. We intended to provide information on specific markers (digestion enzymes) to be used in future studies, aiming to develop new control strategies of this insect pest and its congeneric species.Among the serine proteases identified, four trypsin-like proteases and five chymotrypsin-like proteases were annotated in silico. These enzymes were classified into the SA1 family and showed all the characteristics of digestive serine proteases. The objective of this chapter was to identify the signals of the semiotic niche that affect intraspecific communication of bark beetles and with other organisms using the eco-field concept together with the General Theory of Resources (GTR) in order to detect processes of expansion of the semiotic niche in bark beetles along the entire landscape forestry matrix. A new perspective in landscape ecology is the application of the term Eco-Field together with the General Theory of Resources. In this paper, we describe the putative eco-field in bark beetles as a spatial configuration with a specific meaning-carrier for every organism-resource interaction. This thesis has addressed phylogeographic and genomic aspects of bark beetles to better understand their ecology and evolutionary relationships. In addition a biosemiotic approach was performed to analyse the implications of the communication of bark beetles in ecological networks.
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Johansson, Kathrine Elizabeth Lorena. « Subject and aesthetic interface : an inquiry into transformed subjectivities ». Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3291.
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The present PhD-thesis seeks new definitions of human subjectivity in an age of technoscience and a networked, globalized, Information Society. The perspective presented relates to Philosophy of Science, which includes the Human, the Natural, the Social and the Life Sciences. The project is directed at addressing, and aims to participate in, the further development of Philosophy of Science, or rather, the philosophy of knowing, which leaves a perspective broader than that of science. Methodologically, I combine readings of technoetic artworks, which I approach from a hermeneutical-semiotic perspective, with transdisciplinary research into existing theory concerning the human subject. These readings form my case studies. I keep a particular focus on holistic biophysics (Mae Wan Ho, James Oschman, Marko Bischof). Furthermore, Søren Brier's cybersemiotic theory of communication, cognition and consciousness, which combines a cybernetic-autopoietic and a Peircean semiotic perspective, plays a central role in the project. The project has three parts. Part one contextualizes the study within philosophy of science. It discusses relevant epistemologies, and places the case studies in an art categorical context. It further discusses the philosophical problems involved in writing an academic thesis in the form of a linear, argumentative, critical style, and how it affects the process of meaning making in a way that has consequences to my research. The second part consists of four case studies, each under an overall theme, which applies to the question of human subjectivity. Here I build the concept Extended Sentience, and the concept of an Ideal User. The Ideal User functions as a conceptual frame, which allows me to gradually add more elements to a theory of an altered human subject and knower. The third part presents new ontologies under three basic themes: Time and Relativity, The Life Cycles of Metaphors, and Logos Philosophy and Virtual Grids. These ontologies strongly affect ways of interpretation made in part one and two. Part Three allows more space to my subjective thought processes, which will take precedence over the literature applied. Thus, I, as a post-objective subject observer, will become more transparent. Finally, I will seek an overall conclusion to the project, which should clarify areas where it is evident that the human subject must be reconsidered at a pre-scientific level. It is my thesis that the foundation for human knowledge generation is changing drastically today, and that it has become crucial to reconsider a common understanding of what constitutes the human knower.
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Abberley, William Harrison. « Language under the microscope : science and philology in English fiction 1850-1914 ». Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/4472.
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This study explores how Anglophone fiction from the mid-Victorian period to the outbreak of the First World War acted as an imaginative testing-ground for theories of the evolution of language. Debates about the past development and the future of language ranged beyond the scope of empirical data and into speculative narrative. Fiction offered to realize such narratives in detail, building imaginative worlds out of different theories of language evolution. In the process, it also often tested these theories, exposing their contradictions. The lack of clear boundaries between nature and culture in language studies of the period enabled fictions of language evolution to explore questions to which contemporary researchers have returned. To what extent is communication instinctive or conventional? How do social and biological factors interact in the production of meaning? The study traces two opposing tendencies of thought on language evolution, naming them language ‘progressivism’ and ‘vitalism’. Progressivism imagined speakers evolving away from involuntary, instinctive vocalizations to extert rational control over their discourse with mechanical precision. By contrast, language vitalism posited a mysterious, natural power in words which had weakened and fragmented with the rise of writing and industrial society. Certain genres of fiction lent themselves to exploration of these ideas, with utopian tales seeking to envision the end-goals of progressive theory. Representations of primitive language in imperial and prehistoric romances also promoted progressivism by depicting the instinctive, irrational speech from which ‘civilization’ was imagined as advancing away. Conversely, much historical and invasion fiction idealized a linguistic past when speech had expressed natural truth, and the authentic folk origins of its speakers. Both progressivism and vitalism were undermined through the late nineteenth century by developments in biology, which challenged claims of underlying stability in nature or purpose in change. Simultaneously, philologists increasingly argued that meaning was conventional, attacking models of semantic progress and degradation. In this context, a number of authors reconceptualized language in their fiction as a mixture of instinct and convention. These imaginative explorations of the borderlands between the social and biological in communication prefigured many of the concerns of twenty-first-century biosemiotics.
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Bakogianni, Efthymia. « L'ornement et le décoratif : approches artistiques et esthétiques ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
De l'ornement architectural à l'ornement liturgique, de l'ornement langagier à l'encadrement du tableau, de l'ornement musical au tatouage, les formes variés de l'ornement témoignent d'un champ d'application illimité qui couvre tous les domaines de l'art. Si chez Kant l'ornement offre un exemple typique de beauté libre, la philosophie et la théorie de l'art lui attribuent souvent un contenu moral ou symbolique l'associant tantôt à la convenance tantôt à la dégénérescence. En tant que forme primitive d'expression artistique il est rattaché aux arts premiers et à la production artisanale, aux antipodes de la véritable création artistique tout autant que du dessin industriel ou architectural. Sa dimension cosmique, d'autre part, fait que des artistes et des historiens le mettent au centre de leur conception de l'art, le considérant comme la manifestation principale du « vouloir artistique » ou une expression privilégiée de l'impulsion artistique vers l'abstraction. Si la spécificité de l'ornement consiste en son caractère accessoire qui lui assigne un statut ontologique particulier entre l'ergon et le parergon le rendant synonyme de « style », sa transversalité met en question les hiérarchies issues de la théorie de la mimesis et brouille les limites entre art et décoration, majeur et mineur, d'autant plus que les notions dérivées de l'« ornemental » ou du « décoratif » dépassent le domaine des arts appliqués et s'emploient pour designer la forme ou la fonction d’œuvres d'art. À ce titre l'étude des différents aspects de l'ornement et des réponses théoriques qu'il a suscitées, renouvelle la réflexion sur le statut de l'art et sa relation avec la vieFrom architectural decoration to liturgical ornament, from rhetorical ornament to painting frames, from musical ornament to tattoo, the various forms of ornament testify to an unlimited scope that covers all artistic and cultural fields. Despite its being considered, from a kantian point of view, as an example of free beauty, philosophy and theory of art often attribute a moral or symbolic content to ornament, associating it to either convenience or degeneracy. As a primitive form of artistic expression, ornament is related to tribal art and to craft rather than true artistic creation or modern design. Its cosmic dimension, however, leads some artists and historians regard it as the basis for their conception of art, as the chief manifestation of the “will to art”, or as a primary expression of the artistic impulse that leads to abstraction. Since its specific character consists in that of an accessory, ornament receives an intermediate ontological status between the ergon and the parergon. Its transversality challenges the hierarchy of art forms and genres which is based on the theories of mimesis, and blurs the boundaries between art and decoration, high and low, since the derived terms of "ornamental" or "decorative" apply not only to decorative arts but also to the style and the function of art works. The study of the different aspects of ornament and of the theoretical responses it raised, contributes to regarding our understanding of the status of art and its relation to life
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Delahaye, Pauline. « Étude sémiotique des émotions complexes animales : des signes pour le dire ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040086.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse a pour objet la création d’un modèle théorique à destination de l’éthologie se présentant sous forme de grilles de lecture et de collection d’outils issus de la linguistique et de la sémiotique humaines. La finalité de ce modèle est de permettre l’étude zoosémiotique des émotions complexes au sein du règne animal. Il s’agit d’un travail pluridisciplinaire, interdisciplinaire et interthéoriciste, employant un corpus multimodal composé à la fois de textes théoriques linguistiques, d’études éthologiques et de supports multimédias, notamment des supports vidéo. Ce travail a été pensé dans un contexte d’absence de modèle théorique interdisciplinaire permettant l’étude de l’émotion animale, dans le but de permettre aux domaines des sciences du vivant et des sciences du langage de collaborer. Pour ce faire, il élabore tout d’abord un cadre théorique complet permettant une bonne entente des deux disciplines et revient sur tous les aspects essentiels (histoire, lexique, courant, idéologie, controverse). Par la suite, il présente le modèle théorique en explicitant sa construction et en donnant des exemples d’application. Dans la dernière partie la théorie est mise à l’épreuve par confrontation avec les données déjà existantes et approuvées par les éthologues. Cette partie permet de lister les forces et faiblesses du modèle, ainsi que les pistes de recherche, d’application et de réflexion qu’il ouvre au sujet de la sensibilité et de l’émotion animalesThis PhD thesis’ object is the creation of a theoretical model for ethology. It is made of a collection of linguistics and human semiotics tools, organized into reading grids. This model’s aim is to allow the zoosemiotic study of complex emotions in animal kingdom. It’s a pluridisciplinary, interdisciplinary and intertheorist work with a multimodal corpus – including theoretical linguistics texts, ethology studies and multimedia contents, like videos. This work was created in a context of lack of interdisciplinary theoretical model. It was conceived with the aim of allow collaboration between life sciences and language sciences. To do so, we start first by building a complete theoretical frame for a good understanding between both disciplines. It goes over every main aspects – history, lexicology, schools, ideology, argument. Then, the theoretical model is introduced by explicating its construction and giving application examples. In the last part of the thesis, the theoretical model is tested by confrontation with existing and approved by ethologists datas. This part allows us to present strengths and weakness of the model – as well as lines of thought, research and application it opens
Livres sur le sujet "Biosemiotic"
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Goli, Farzad, dir. Biosemiotic Medicine. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9.
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Coletta, W. John. Biosemiotic Literary Criticism. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72495-5.
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Cimatti, Felice. A Biosemiotic Ontology. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97903-8.
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Velmezova, Ekaterina, Kalevi Kull et Stephen J. Cowley, dir. Biosemiotic Perspectives on Language and Linguistics. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20663-9.
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Rothschild, Friedrich S. Creation and evolution : A biosemiotic approach. [Israel] : J. Ph. Hes/C. Sorek, 1994.
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Pagni, Elena, et Richard Theisen Simanke, dir. Biosemiotics and Evolution. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85265-8.
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Barbieri, Marcello, dir. Introduction to Biosemiotics. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4814-9.
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Romanini, Vinicius, et Eliseo Fernández, dir. Peirce and Biosemiotics. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7732-3.
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Gatherings in Biosemiotics (Conference) (12th : 2012 : Tartu, Estonia), dir. Gatherings in Biosemiotics. Tartu : University of Tartu Press, 2012.
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Cobley, Paul. Cultural Implications of Biosemiotics. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0858-4.
Texte intégralChapitres de livres sur le sujet "Biosemiotic"
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Olteanu, Alin. « Biosemiotic Multiculturalism ». Dans Handbuch Chemische Reaktoren, 87–114. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17883-3_5.
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Goli, Farzad, Shahram Rafieian et Sima Atarodi. « An Introduction to the Semiotic Approach to the Placebo Responses ». Dans Biosemiotic Medicine, 1–21. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9_1.
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Brier, Søren. « Cybersemiotics as a Transdisciplinary Model for Interdisciplinary Biosemiotic Pharmacology and Medicine ». Dans Biosemiotic Medicine, 23–84. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9_2.
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Scheidt, Carl Eduard. « Some Reflections on Non-substance Bound Healing Effects and the Concept of Narrative Medicine ». Dans Biosemiotic Medicine, 85–94. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9_3.
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Goli, Farzad, et Reza Johari Fard. « How Can We Reconstruct the Health Anticipation ? » Dans Biosemiotic Medicine, 95–115. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9_4.
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Goli, Farzad, et Mahboubeh Farzanegan. « The Ritual Effect : The Healing Response to Forms and Performs ». Dans Biosemiotic Medicine, 117–32. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9_5.
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Rafieian, Shahram, et Howard Davis. « Hypnosis, Placebo, and Performance : Recovering the Relational Aspects of Medicine ». Dans Biosemiotic Medicine, 133–50. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9_6.
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Goli, Farzad, Alireza Monajemi, Gholam Hossein Ahmadzadeh et Azadeh Malekian. « How to Prescribe Information : Health Education Without Health Anxiety and Nocebo Effects ». Dans Biosemiotic Medicine, 151–93. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9_7.
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Schmidt, Stefan, et Harald Walach. « Making Sense in the Medical System : Placebo, Biosemiotics, and the Pseudomachine ». Dans Biosemiotic Medicine, 195–215. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9_8.
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Goli, Farzad. « Medical Practice in/with the Semiosphere ». Dans Biosemiotic Medicine, 217–39. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-35092-9_9.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Biosemiotic"
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Johnson, Donald. « Biocybernetics and Biosemiosis ». Dans Proceedings of the Symposium. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814508728_0017.
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Andriyanto, Octo Dendy, et Sri Sulistiani. « Biosemiotics in Tulus S. Novel Artworks ». Dans Proceedings of the Social Sciences, Humanities and Education Conference (SoSHEC 2019). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/soshec-19.2019.2.
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Nishida, Yohei. « The Relationship between Autopoiesis Theory and Biosemiotics : On Philosophical Suppositions as Bases for a New Information Theory ». Dans The 4th International Conference on the Foundations of Information Science. Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fis2010-00326.
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Frielick, Stanley. « Autopoiesis, enactivism and student learning : An ecological model ». Dans LINK 2021. Tuwhera Open Access, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/link2021.v2i1.116.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The paper is a contribution to the LINK 2021 Special Track: Informing design and practice-led research from the epistemology of the Santiago school of cognition. It presents a general ecological model of student learning in higher education, weaving together different threads from student learning research, Bateson’s work on the ecology of mind, and the concepts of autopoiesis and enactivism that emerge from the work of Maturana and Varela in the Santiago school. The paper takes as its starting point the seminal research on deep and surface approaches to student learning, developed inter alia by Marton, Biggs, Ramsden, Prosser and Trigwell during the 80s and 90s. While other neoliberal understandings of student learning as ‘engagement’ or ‘employability’ tend to dominate current discourse, the deep/surface literature is still widely cited and forms the basis of many courses in teaching in higher education. What is less explored are the ways in which the deep/surface learning research resonates with Bateson’s ecological views on mind and learning, and the idea of the embodied mind as developed from the pioneering work of Maturana and Varela. This research also emerged in the 80s and 90s. By tracing the patterns that connect these earlier ideas with current advances in 4E cognition and biosemiotics, the paper develops an ecological model of student learning based on concepts of non-linearity, emergence, complexity, embodiment, cognition as biological, learning as dialogical enquiry, communities of learning and practice, and the shaping influences of power circulating through information networks. The model visually depicts a process of learning informed by key principles: • Both the cognizing agent and everything with which it is associated are in constant flux, each adapting to the other in the same way that the environment evolves simultaneously with the species that inhabit it. • Learning (and similarly teaching) cannot be understood in monologic terms; there is no direct causal, linear, fixable relationship among the various components of any community. Rather, all the contributing factors in any teaching/learning situation are intricately, ecologically and complexly related. • Cognition is thus not the passive representation of a pre-existing world ‘out there’ but rather the ongoing bringing forth or enactment of a world through the biological processes of living. • Learning/teaching is a process of mutually enacting meaning—the student and teacher bringing forth a world together. • Cognition is not located within the abstractions of a decontextualised individual consciousness, but rather in the processes of shared action. • Knowledge is not separate from the world but embedded within it in a series of interrelated systems. • The individual self is thus constituted in a network of relationships. • Enactivism is an ecological epistemology where individual mind is an emergent property of interactions between organism and environment. • An enactivist view of the teaching/learning ecology sees teachers and learners embedded in a dynamic system of relationships between people, information, knowledge, and the institutional structures and processes that form the context of learning. The system acts to generate knowledge by transforming information into understanding.