Articles de revues : « Biological Computer Laboratory »

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Lamperti, Albert, et Marvin Sodicoff. « Computer-based neuroanatomy laboratory for medical students ». Anatomical Record 249, n^o 3 (novembre 1997) : 422–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(199711)249:3<422 ::aid-ar14>3.0.co;2-q.

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Bolender, Robert P. « Quantitative morphology for biologists and computer scientists : I. Computer-aided tutorial for biological stereology (version 1.0) ». Microscopy Research and Technique 21, n^o 4 (1 juin 1992) : 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070210409.

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Weiler, Conrad. « Mating Your Computer with a VCR for Classroom Laboratory Demonstrations ». American Biology Teacher 47, n^o 4 (1 avril 1985) : 253–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4448042.

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Trisilowati et D. G. Mallet. « In Silico Experimental Modeling of Cancer Treatment ». ISRN Oncology 2012 (1 février 2012) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/828701.

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In silico experimental modeling of cancer involves combining findings from biological literature with computer-based models of biological systems in order to conduct investigations of hypotheses entirely in the computer laboratory. In this paper, we discuss the use of in silico modeling as a precursor to traditional clinical and laboratory research, allowing researchers to refine their experimental programs with an aim to reducing costs and increasing research efficiency. We explain the methodology of in silico experimental trials before providing an example of in silico modeling from the biomathematical literature with a view to promoting more widespread use and understanding of this research strategy.

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Vallée, Robert. « An Unfinished Revolution ? Heinz von Foerster and the Biological Computer Laboratory/BCL, 1958‐1976 ». Kybernetes 38, n^o 1/2 (13 février 2009) : 271–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03684920910930394.

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Richardson, D. « Student perceptions and learning outcomes of computer-assisted versus traditional instruction in physiology. » Advances in Physiology Education 273, n^o 6 (décembre 1997) : S55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advances.1997.273.6.s55.

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This study compared student perceptions and learning outcomes of computer-assisted instruction against those of traditional didactic lectures. Components of Quantitative Circulatory Physiology (Biological Simulators) and Mechanical Properties of Active Muscle (Trinity Software) were used to teach regulation of tissue blood flow and muscle mechanics, respectively, in the course Medical Physiology. These topics were each taught, in part, by 1) standard didactic lectures, 2) computer-assisted lectures, and 3) computer laboratory assignment. Subjective evaluation was derived from a questionnaire assessing student opinions of the effectiveness of each method. Objective evaluation consisted of comparing scores on examination questions generated from each method. On a 1-10 scale, effectiveness ratings were higher (P < 0.0001) for the didactic lectures (7.7) compared with either computer-assisted lecture (3.8) or computer laboratory (4.2) methods. A follow-up discussion with representatives from the class indicated that students did not perceive computer instruction as being time effective. However, examination scores from computer laboratory questions (94.3%) were significantly higher compared with ones from either computer-assisted (89.9%; P < 0.025) or didactic (86.6%; P < 0.001) lectures. Thus computer laboratory instruction enhanced learning outcomes in medical physiology despite student perceptions to the contrary.

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Špernjak, Andreja, et Andrej Šorgo. « Differences in acquired knowledge and attitudes achieved with traditional, computer-supported and virtual laboratory biology laboratory exercises ». Journal of Biological Education 52, n^o 2 (20 avril 2017) : 206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2017.1298532.

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Pokorný, Martin, et Petr Zach. « Design, implementation and security of a typical educational laboratory computer network ». Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, n^o 4 (2013) : 1077–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361041077.

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Computer network used for laboratory training and for different types of network and security experiments represents a special environment where hazardous activities take place, which may not affect any production system or network. It is common that students need to have administrator privileges in this case which makes the overall security and maintenance of such a network a difficult task. We present our solution which has proved its usability for more than three years. First of all, four user requirements on the laboratory network are defined (access to educational network devices, to laboratory services, to the Internet, and administrator privileges of the end hosts), and four essential security rules are stipulated (enforceable end host security, controlled network access, level of network access according to the user privilege level, and rules for hazardous experiments), which protect the rest of the laboratory infrastructure as well as the outer university network and the Internet. The main part of the paper is dedicated to a design and implementation of these usability and security rules. We present a physical diagram of a typical laboratory network based on multiple circuits connecting end hosts to different networks, and a layout of rack devices. After that, a topological diagram of the network is described which is based on different VLANs and port-based access control using the IEEE 802.1x/EAP-TLS/RADIUS authentication to achieve defined level of network access. In the second part of the paper, the latest innovation of our network is presented that covers a transition to the system virtualization at the end host devices – inspiration came from a similar solution deployed at the Department of Telecommunications at Brno University of Technology. This improvement enables a greater flexibility in the end hosts maintenance and a simultaneous network access to the educational devices as well as to the Internet. In the end, a vision of a system of virtual machines preparation and automated deployment tailored for our needs is briefly outlined.

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Rahn, Jennifer, Dana Willner, James Deverick, Peter Kemper et Margaret Saha. « Incorporating Computer Programming & ; Data Science into a Guided Inquiry-Based Undergraduate Ecology Lab ». American Biology Teacher 81, n^o 9 (novembre 2019) : 649–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2019.81.9.649.

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The biological sciences are becoming increasingly reliant on computer science and associated technologies to quickly and efficiently analyze and interpret complex data sets. Introducing students to data analysis techniques is a critical part of their development as well-rounded, scientifically literate citizens. As part of a collaborative effort between the Biology and Computer Science departments at William & Mary, we sought to develop laboratory exercises that would introduce basic ideas of data analysis while also exposing students to Python, a commonly used computer programming language. We accomplished this by developing exercises within the interactive Jupyter Notebook platform, an open-source application that allows Python code to be written and executed as discrete blocks in real time. Students used the developed Jupyter Notebook to analyze data collected as part of a multiweek ecology field experiment aimed at determining the effect of white-tailed deer on aspects of biological diversity. These inquiry-based laboratory exercises generated scientifically relevant data and gave students a chance to experience and participate in ongoing scientific research while demonstrating the utility of computer science in the scientific process.

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Albahri, A. S., Jameel R. Al-Obaidi, A. A. Zaidan, O. S. Albahri, Rula A. Hamid, B. B. Zaidan, A. H. Alamoodi et M. Hashim. « Multi-Biological Laboratory Examination Framework for the Prioritization of Patients with COVID-19 Based on Integrated AHP and Group VIKOR Methods ». International Journal of Information Technology & ; Decision Making 19, n^o 05 (août 2020) : 1247–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622020500285.

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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has a tremendous effect on people’s lives worldwide, and the number of infected patients increases daily. The healthcare sector is affected by a large number of patients with COVID-19, and a solution is urgently needed to avert the risk of deteriorating patients in terms of prioritizing patients based on their health conditions. Prioritization of patients with COVID-19 is a complex and multi-criteria decision-analysis (MCDA) problem due to (i) multiple biological laboratory examination criteria, (ii) criteria importance and (iii) trade-off amongst the criteria. This study presents a new multi-biological laboratory examination framework for prioritizing patients with COVID-19 on the basis of integrated MCDA methods. The experiment was conducted on the basis of three phases. In the first phase, patient datasets containing eight biological laboratory examination criteria for six patients with COVID-19 were derived and discussed. The outcome of this phase was used to propose a decision matrix on the basis of the intersection between “biological laboratory examination criteria” and “COVID-19 patients list”. In the second phase, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method was utilized to set the subjective weights for the biological laboratory examination criteria by respiratory experts. In the last phase, the VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR) method was adopted to prioritize patients in the context of individual and group decision making (GDM). Results showed that (1) the integration of AHP–VIKOR method based on individual and GDM contexts was effective for solving prioritization problems for patients with COVID-19, and (2) the prioritization results of patients with COVID-19 showed no variation in the internal and external VIKOR GDM contexts. The proposed multi-biological laboratory examination framework can differentiate between the mild and serious or critical condition of patients with COVID-19 by prioritizing them based on integrated AHP–VIKOR methods. In conclusion, medical sectors can use the proposed framework to differentiate the health conditions of infected patients and to assign appropriate care with prompt and effective treatment.

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Richards, W. Graham. « Computer simulation in drug research ». Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 23, n^o 6 (novembre 1995) : 784–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299502300608.

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Cardelli, Luca, Marta Kwiatkowska et Luca Laurenti. « A Language for Modeling and Optimizing Experimental Biological Protocols ». Computation 9, n^o 10 (16 octobre 2021) : 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computation9100107.

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Automation is becoming ubiquitous in all laboratory activities, moving towards precisely defined and codified laboratory protocols. However, the integration between laboratory protocols and mathematical models is still lacking. Models describe physical processes, while protocols define the steps carried out during an experiment: neither cover the domain of the other, although they both attempt to characterize the same phenomena. We should ideally start from an integrated description of both the model and the steps carried out to test it, to concurrently analyze uncertainties in model parameters, equipment tolerances, and data collection. To this end, we present a language to model and optimize experimental biochemical protocols that facilitates such an integrated description, and that can be combined with experimental data. We provide probabilistic semantics for our language in terms of Gaussian processes (GPs) based on the linear noise approximation (LNA) that formally characterizes the uncertainties in the data collection, the underlying model, and the protocol operations. In a set of case studies, we illustrate how the resulting framework allows for automated analysis and optimization of experimental protocols, including Gibson assembly protocols.

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Bokhan, Iuliia, et Tetiana Forostovska. « VIRTUAL LABORATORY PRACTICAL WORK AS A WAY OF STUDYING NATURAL DISCIPLINES ». Academic Notes Series Pedagogical Science 1, n^o 194 (juin 2021) : 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2415-7988-2021-1-194-74-78.

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In the article the way of using information technology in the natural education is activated, such as computer modeling of chemical, physical or biological phenomenon processes, introduction into the educational process of the virtual laboratory works. The relevance of the introduction of virtual laboratories in educational practice is due, firstly, to the information challenges of the time, and secondly, the regulatory requirements for the organization of the educational process of general secondary and higher education. It is mentioned that the use of virtual laboratories in the educational process allows students to conduct experiments with equipment and materials that he is able to use due to lack of a real laboratory or its lack of technical content, get practical skills of conducting experiments of integrated natural direction initiating computer models and the process of operation of unique equipment of chemical, physical, biological laboratory, to study dangerous in the real situation processes and phenomena of natural origin, without fear of possible consequences. The article reveals the advantages and disadvantages of using a virtual laboratory workshop during the study of natural sciences. Possibilities of modern virtual laboratories of a natural direction which allow to model objects and processes of the surrounding world and also to organize computer access to the real laboratory equipment. The possibility of realization of a virtual laboratory workshop on chemical disciplines of the natural cycle in the environment of a virtual simulator of the laboratory IrYdiumChemistryLab is shown. This virtual laboratory involves the formulation of specific tasks or the formation of its own strategy for planning the experiment,the resource immediately differs in the ability to intervene in the program and design your own virtual experiment Created on the basis of IrYdiumChemistryLab virtual laboratory works allow to prepare diluent of various concentrations, to calculate and measure concentrations of ions in solutions of strong and weak electrolytes, to titrate, etc. Virtual laboratories must be present in the practice of teaching natural sciences (chemistry, physics, biology). The need to use a virtual laboratory workshop during distance learning is especially relevant.

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Elbaeva, A. D., et A. D. Elbaev. « DEVELOPMENT OF A MECHATRONIC SYSTEM FOR CONTROL OF BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF BLOOD ». Quality. Innovation. Education, n^o 4 (2022) : 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31145/1999-513x-2022-4-60-68.

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The development of instruments and control devices in medicine is aimed at achieving the quality of complex manipulation operations. The use of mechatronic principles for the construction of automatic devices ensures the creation of new methods and instruments for laboratory analyses. We have developed a mechatronic system of the device for a noninvasive method for determining the concentration of blood glucose on the basis of modeling the correlation between systemic hemodynamic parameters and biological parameters of blood. A functional multivariate analysis was carried out, a computer program was compiled, and mathematical regression formulas were obtained for calculating the level of blood glycaemia based on blood pressure indicators. The mechatronic system includes functional blocks for measuring blood pressure parameters, a control microcontroller for calculating and monitoring blood glucose levels in accordance with the application program.The system is implemented in the form of a noninvasive device «Omelon B-2», which provides the transfer of indicators to the display of the device, communication with the base computer of the system, analysis of the results and creation of a database. The blood glucose measurement range is from 2 to 20 mmol/l. The relative error of the analysis in comparison with laboratory parameters is 17-22%.

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Kim, Sang Bok, Hojae Bae, Kyo-in Koo, Mehmet R. Dokmeci, Aydogan Ozcan et Ali Khademhosseini. « Lens-Free Imaging for Biological Applications ». Journal of Laboratory Automation 17, n^o 1 (février 2012) : 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2211068211426695.

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Foster, Margaret C., et Albert J. Saubermann. « Low-cost system for electron probe microanalysis based on a personal computer ». Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, n^o 2 (12 août 1990) : 158–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100134387.

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The development of personal computers increases the options available for electron probe microanalysis. Hardware and software are now available for personal computers which make it feasible to use them to acquire, process, and analyze x-ray spectra. One advantage of a personal computer (PC) based system is the low cost--approximately 20% of the cost of other options. A second advantage is that a system can be developed which is tailored to the needs of the laboratory, so that experimental questions asked of the data can dictate procedures for data acquisition and processing.We have developed a PC-based system for electron probe microanalysis, which we use for data acquisition, processing, and analysis of frozen and freeze-dried biological samples. X-ray spectra may be acquired either for spot analysis or for elemental images. Spectra acquired from large areas of the frozen, hydrated sample are used together with spectra from the freeze-dried specimen to calculate concentrations relative to sample wet weight.

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Kamble, Ashwini, et Rajesh Khairkar. « Basics of Bioinformatics in Biological Research ». International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 4, n^o 4 (6 janvier 2017) : 425–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v4i4.16252.

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The concept of laboratory rat is giving way to the computer mouse arose after the famous handshake between Clinton-Blair for the completion of the human genome in April 2003. Bioinformatics is defined as the application of computational techniques to understand and organize the information associated with biological macromolecules.There is availability of large databases of genomic information which has enabled research efforts for discovering methods for diagnosis and treatment of human diseases using DNA microarrays and proteomics experiments. But there are various problems while doing this like it’s always challenging to develop proper and sophisticated analysis method which can properly use genomic data bases considering its and heterogeneity of the data.The main purpose of this first paper is to explore and explain Bioinformatics in a more scientific way, and try highlighting applications of bioinformatics in the medical sector.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(4): 425-429

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Alaie, Adrienne, Virginia Teller et Wei-gang Qiu. « A Bioinformatics Module for Use in an Introductory Biology Laboratory ». American Biology Teacher 74, n^o 5 (1 mai 2012) : 318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2012.74.5.6.

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Since biomedical science has become increasingly data-intensive, acquisition of computational and quantitative skills by science students has become more important. For non-science students, an introduction to biomedical databases and their applications promotes the development of a scientifically literate population. Because typical college introductory biology laboratories do not include experiences of this type, we present a bioinformatics module that can easily be included in a 90-minute session of a biology course for both majors and non-majors. Students completing this computational, inquiry-based module observed the value of computer-assisted analysis. The module gave students an understanding of how to read files in a biological database (GenBank) and how to use a software tool (BLAST) to mine the database.

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Gambari, Roberto. « Predictive Analyses of Biological Effects of Natural Products : From Plant Extracts to Biomolecular Laboratory and Computer Modeling ». Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011) : 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nep096.

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Year by year, the characterization of the biological activity of natural products is becoming more competitive and complex, with the involvement in this research area of experts belonging to different scientific fields, including chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, immunology and bioinformatics. These fields are becoming of great interest for several high-impact scientific journals, includingeCAM. The available literature in general, and a survey of reviews and original articles recently published, establishes that natural products, including extracts from medicinal plants and essential oils, retain interesting therapeutic activities, including antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and differentiating properties. In this commentary, we focus attention on interest in networks based on complementary activation and comparative evaluation of different experimental strategies applied to the discovery and characterization of bioactive natural products. A representative flow chart is shown in the paper.

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Owczarek, Henryk, Aneta Mrózek, Wiesława Nahaczewska et Iwona Bil-Lula. « Pregraduate and postgraduate education of laboratory diagnosticians in Poland ». Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna 59, n^o 4 (19 décembre 2023) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.4292.

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Laboratory medicine is an interdisciplinary knowledge that uses different scientific disciplines, such as basic science as well as biological, biomedical and clinical science. What’s more, the nomenclature in this field varies: laboratory medicine, laboratory diagnostics, in which several specializations can be distinguished. Laboratory medicine students during pregraduate education should be prepared to have a good foundation to the specialization from given laboratory field. This article describes the laboratory diagnostician education system in Poland on the pregraduate level of Master degree in laboratory medicine and postgraduate education within the specialization program. The article also presents the minimal educational requirements, graduate competencies and law regulations regarding the profession of laboratory diagnostician.

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Martyniak, Adrian, et Przemysław Tomasik. « Biological variability of the most common biochemical parameters ». Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna 57, n^o 2 (10 décembre 2021) : 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5994.

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The results of laboratory tests are analyzed against reference values that are determined in a population of healthy people prepared for the test in accordance with the relevant guidelines. Such a reference system works perfectly when analyzing the results of tests of patients from whom the material for determinations was collected in similar conditions. To better match the reference values ranges are stratified, most often by gender, age, or race of the patient – the most common and the most significant biological variability. The values of the measured parameter are also influenced by within-subject biological variability to e.g. the time of the day, food consumption, or physical exercise. This variability influences the results of random testing, often performed in patients with emergencies. The measure of both of these variations is the index of individuality, i.e. the ratio of within-subject biological variability to between-subject biological variability. In the present work, the factors influencing the circadian, seasonal, and between-subject biological variations of the selected clinical chemistry parameters are presented. Knowledge about these variations is important for the physician and the supporting laboratory diagnostician, particularly helpful in the analysis of pathological or inconsistent with the clinicians' expectations results to distinguish results related to the disease from results related to biological variability.

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Sukhovirska, Liudmyla P., Olha M. Lunhol et Oksana V. Zadorozhna. « СИСТЕМИ ВІРТУАЛЬНИХ ЛАБОРАТОРНИХ РОБІТ З БІОФІЗИКИ ЯК ЗАСОБИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПРИНЦИПУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ СПРЯМОВАНОСТІ НАВЧАННЯ СТУДЕНТІВ ». Information Technologies and Learning Tools 70, n^o 2 (27 avril 2019) : 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v70i2.2657.

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The article substantiates expediency and shows the possibility of computer modeling of laboratory works on medical and biological physics for students in the field of training 1201 «Medicine» in the study of the discipline «Medical and Biological Physics». On the example of the laboratory work «Study of the fundamentals of hemodynamics using the apparatus «Perfusion System SORIN C5», the main stages and principles of the creation of virtual laboratory works for institutions of higher medical education were determined. The authors analyze the scientific and methodical literature on the use of specialized software products for reproduction and demonstration of various physical phenomena, the development of virtual laboratories and their implementation in the educational process of higher education institutions. The paper proposes methodical recommendations for the creation of virtual laboratory work in the classes on medical and biological physics for students in the field of training 1201 «Medicine». The article describes the main structural units (menus and submenus), the characteristics and possibilities of using the software developed by the authors in the educational process, which virtually realizes the main stages of the patient's preparation for open heart surgery using the heart-lung machine SORIN C5. The advantages of conducting virtual laboratory works on hemodynamics have been determined, as well as an analysis of educational material with the aim of improving the professional component of medical students' training and their informational and subject competencies. The possibilities of creation a series of laboratory works with their subsequent placement in the virtual learning environment «System of medical and biological physics laboratory works» are considered. Thanks to the leadership of the Municipal Institution «Regional Cardiology Center» (Kropyvnytskyi) for the assistance and provision of information on the work of the apparatus «Perfusion System SORIN C5».

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Vijayan, Ajith Mohanavilasam. « Different Applications of 3D Printing in The Biological, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical Fields ». International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 11, n^o 7 (30 juin 2022) : 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.h9135.0611722.

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In the modern chemistry laboratory, three-dimensional (3D) printing is becoming the most important part over time. This technique helps chemists with the potential to design, print, and prototype functional devices that combine analytical and/or catalytic functionalities and as well as to print general laboratory teaching and hardware aids. Although the availability of 3D printers has increased substantially, some principles of design and considerations of material requirements to be estimated by weight before employing this type of technology in the laboratories of chemistry. Also, a fixed level of expertise requires to be obtained to utilize CAD (computer-aided design), software for printing, and the hardware specialist related to the instrumentation of higher-end. Nevertheless, the recent development in this area is providing, with these technologies of printing rendering various advantages over the general methods of production. This paper reviews various applications and advances of this technology in the field of chemical, biological and pharmaceutical.

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Verteletsky, Evgeny, Ralia Yulmetova, Bogdan Volkov et Dmitry Rumyantsev. « Automation of activated sludge quality monitoring in wastewater treatment using computer vision technology ». E3S Web of Conferences 539 (2024) : 01030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453901030.

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This paper explores a method for automating the monitoring process of activated sludge quality control at biological wastewater treatment plants using computer vision technology. The implementation of such a system will reduce the need for manual intervention on the part of microbiological laboratory technicians and provide continuous monitoring of the cleaning process. This method is based on in-depth analysis of activated sludge images obtained using an automated microscope, and subsequent processing of the data using a machine learning model to determine the number and types of microorganisms. The results obtained make it possible to assess the quality of activated sludge based on its microbiological composition in order to, based on the assessment obtained, take the necessary actions to change and adjust the processes of biological wastewater treatment.

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Kolisch, G., et T. Rolfs. « Integrated sidestream treatment for enhanced enlargement of sewage plants ». Water Science and Technology 41, n^o 9 (1 mai 2000) : 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0194.

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The filtrates or centrates from dewatering of digested sludges cause high internal nitrogen loads on sewage treatment plants. Especially at poor inflow C:N ratios separate treatment of these sludge liquors can significantly relieve the biological treatment stage. We developed a new process for a biological sidestream treatment with primary sludge as the carbon source for denitrification. The process has beeen tested in laboratory-scale tests and by computer simulations. The stability of the process is being investigated in a full-scale application under practical conditions.

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Ozu, Marcelo, Ricardo A. Dorr, Facundo Gutiérrez, M. Teresa Politi et Roxana Toriano. « A counterpoint between computer simulations and biological experiments to train new members of a laboratory of physiological sciences ». Advances in Physiology Education 36, n^o 4 (décembre 2012) : 345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00069.2012.

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When new members join a working group dedicated to scientific research, several changes occur in the group's dynamics. From a teaching point of view, a subsequent challenge is to develop innovative strategies to train new staff members in creative thinking, which is the most complex and abstract skill in the cognitive domain according to Bloom's revised taxonomy. In this sense, current technological and digital advances offer new possibilities in the field of education. Computer simulation and biological experiments can be used together as a combined tool for teaching and learning sometimes complex physiological and biophysical concepts. Moreover, creativity can be thought of as a social process that relies on interactions among staff members. In this regard, the acquisition of cognitive abilities coexists with the attainment of other skills from psychomotor and affective domains. Such dynamism in teaching and learning stimulates teamwork and encourages the integration of members of the working group. A practical example, based on the teaching of biophysical subjects such as osmosis, solute transport, and membrane permeability, which are crucial in understanding the physiological concept of homeostasis, is presented.

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A J, Mohan, Mounica V, Shanthilal J et Madhavi R. « Robotics Autonomous Systems (RAS) in Food Laboratories are the Future of Food Processing Industries : A Review ». Journal of Advances in Food Science & ; Technology 11, n^o 3 (8 juin 2024) : 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/jafsat/2024/v11i38725.

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Recent advancements in robotics have witnessed significant progress in both industrial and mobile robotics, paving the way for a new era of automation. However, a paradigm shift is underway in robotics research, focusing on enhancing the interaction between humans and robots, termed as service robotics. This emerging field aims to cater to a wide array of human social needs by bridging the gap between man and machine. Traditionally, laboratory automation has been constrained by the rigid control mechanisms of computer-driven robots. Despite their utility, particularly in liquid handling tasks, many laboratory procedures remain only partially automated. Nonetheless, by breaking down laboratory processes into discrete unit operations and integrating them, overarching analysis schemes can be accomplished. The future of laboratory automation necessitates interdisciplinary skills, requiring scientists to blend biological knowledge with engineering expertise to fully exploit its potential. Simultaneously, a new wave of robotic innovations is permeating various sectors, from robot lawn mowers to autonomous vehicles, alongside smarter robots in manufacturing environments. This progression underscores the increasing reliance on automation, with future research endeavours expected to pivot towards leveraging laboratory automation to tackle novel scientific challenges. This abstract underscore the necessity for future scientists to acquire a comprehensive skill set that integrates both biological knowledge and engineering expertise. It highlights the trend towards greater automation in laboratory environments, representing the merging of scientific and engineering fields to tackle new research challenges.

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Coskun, Abdurrahman, Atefeh Zarepour et Ali Zarrabi. « Physiological Rhythms and Biological Variation of Biomolecules : The Road to Personalized Laboratory Medicine ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n^o 7 (27 mars 2023) : 6275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076275.

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The concentration of biomolecules in living systems shows numerous systematic and random variations. Systematic variations can be classified based on the frequency of variations as ultradian (<24 h), circadian (approximately 24 h), and infradian (>24 h), which are partly predictable. Random biological variations are known as between-subject biological variations that are the variations among the set points of an analyte from different individuals and within-subject biological variation, which is the variation of the analyte around individuals’ set points. The random biological variation cannot be predicted but can be estimated using appropriate measurement and statistical procedures. Physiological rhythms and random biological variation of the analytes could be considered the essential elements of predictive, preventive, and particularly personalized laboratory medicine. This systematic review aims to summarize research that have been done about the types of physiological rhythms, biological variations, and their effects on laboratory tests. We have searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for biological variation and physiological rhythm articles in English without time restrictions with the terms “Biological variation, Within-subject biological variation, Between-subject biological variation, Physiological rhythms, Ultradian rhythms, Circadian rhythm, Infradian rhythms”. It was concluded that, for effective management of predicting, preventing, and personalizing medicine, which is based on the safe and valid interpretation of patients’ laboratory test results, both physiological rhythms and biological variation of the measurands should be considered simultaneously.

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Silvius, John E. « Using a Computer Data Base in the Biology Laboratory with Specific Application to the Herbarium Collection ». American Biology Teacher 55, n^o 4 (1 avril 1993) : 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4449643.

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Labov, Jay B., et David H. Firmage. « Introducing Concepts of Random Ordering & ; Random Assignment of Subjects : Computer-Assisted Classroom & ; Laboratory Exercises ». American Biology Teacher 56, n^o 3 (1 mars 1994) : 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4449782.

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Graves, B. « Software Implementation of Biological Repository for Human Genetic Material ». Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 5, n^o 6 (1 décembre 2000) : 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1535-5535(04)00111-x.

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Graves, B. Sean, Theodore AE Mifflin, Steve Kell, Jim Gunderson, Sarah Geddy et Robin A. Felder. « Software Implementation of Biological Repository for Human Genetic Material ». JALA : Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 5, n^o 6 (décembre 2000) : 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1535-5535-04-00111-x.

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Mooren, Olivia L., Elizabeth S. Erickson, Nicholas E. Dickenson et Robert C. Dunn. « Extending Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy for Biological Studies ». Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 11, n^o 4 (août 2006) : 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jala.2006.05.012.

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WIXFORTH, A. « Acoustically Driven Programmable Microfluidics for Biological and Chemical Applications ». Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 11, n^o 6 (décembre 2006) : 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jala.2006.08.001.

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Tittikpina, Nassifatou Koko, Wouyo Atakpama, Hodabalo Pereki, Muhammad Jawad Nasim, Wesam Ali, Stéphane Fontanay, Frédéric Nana et al. « ‘Capiture’ plants with interesting biological activities : a case to go ». Open Chemistry 15, n^o 1 (18 octobre 2017) : 208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2017-0024.

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AbstractThe investigation of natural products used in Traditional Medicine in Africa is complicated as modern analytical and screening methods are often not available. Computer aided product identification from traditional usage records (CAPITURE) may provide an interesting alternative and has been evaluated in the context of an ethnobotanical survey on fungal diseases and their traditional treatment in Tchamba District (Togo). 53 traditional healers were interviewed and their knowledge recorded. Several indicators, the Use Value (UV), Plant Part Value (PPV), Specific Use (SU) Value, Intraspecific Use Value (IUV) and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), were applied to the data. Those indices, in addition to a bibliographic review, were then fed into a computer-aided approach which predicted two interesting plants out of the 43 species survey-recorded and their specific activities: Pterocarpus erinaceus sap against ringworm, Daniellia oliveri sap against intertrigo and respectively their roots and trunk barks against candidiasis. Subsequent laboratory-based studies have confirmed the predicted antimicrobial activities with MIC (128 μg/mL to 30 mg/mL) and without any notable toxicity on a normal human cell (MRC-5 cells). Although such a method may not be flawless, it is able to provide first leads, and in the face of limited resources, is an attractive alternative worth considering.

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Buttles, Sunny. « A Model for Incorporating & ; Evaluating Use of a Computer Laboratory Simulation in the Nonmajors Biology Course ». American Biology Teacher 54, n^o 8 (1 novembre 1992) : 491–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4449557.

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Elder, Sam, Carleen Klumpp-Thomas, Adam Yasgar, Jameson Travers, Shayne Frebert, Kelli M. Wilson, Alexey V. Zakharov et al. « Cross-Platform Bayesian Optimization System for Autonomous Biological Assay Development ». SLAS Technology 26, n^o 6 (décembre 2021) : 579–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/24726303211053782.

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Yu, Tao, et Jonathan Scolnick. « Complex biological questions being addressed using single cell sequencing technologies ». SLAS Technology 27, n^o 2 (avril 2022) : 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.slast.2021.10.013.

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Shafiee, Hadi, John L. Caldwell et Rafael V. Davalos. « A Microfluidic System for Biological Particle Enrichment Using Contactless Dielectrophoresis ». Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 15, n^o 3 (juin 2010) : 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jala.2010.02.003.

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Tkachuk, О. М., et T. V. Tkachuk. « Rabbits as a biological model for experimental studies (review of literature) ». Ukrainian Journal of Modern Toxicological Aspects 91, n^o 2 (15 septembre 2021) : 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33273/2663-4570-2021-91-2-104-108.

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The Aim of the Research. To analyse and summarize the data of modern literature on the use of rabbits for laboratory experimental studies and substantiate the prospects for their further use. Materials and Methods. The analytical methods such as collection of scientific information on the problem, analysis of literature data from PubMed libraries as well as scientific generalization of the results obtained were used in the work. Results and Conclusions. The principles of the prospects for the further use of rabbits for laboratory experimental studies have been substantiated. Thanks to certain scientific advances, ethical alternative scientific testing methods without the involvement of living beings have already been developed and implemented. Exactly these methods help to get more reliable results. If in some scientific research rabbits are no longer used, then in other directions on the contrary, every year the need to use these mammals for experimental studies increases. And there is a well-reasoned explanation for this. Currently, there is no alternative to using rabbits for the production of antibodies, recombinant proteins. Testing in laboratory animals is the best method for detecting phenomena such as cancer and birth defects. Genetically modified rabbits are a new perspective for scientific research. With the development of new technologies, editing the genome, especially CRISPR / Cas9 and its modifications, has made it possible with high efficiency to obtain a much larger number of transgenic animals with precisely specified genetic modifications for solving a wide variety of problems. The use of animals in experiments is critically important for some areas of scientific research because the complexity of the structure of an organism cannot be duplicated in cell culture or using computer models. Key Words: rabbits, maintenance, testing on animals, human health.

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YANG, XIAOLI, RONG GE et CHARLES TSENG. « VISUALIZING HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION WITH INTERACTIVE COMPUTER PROGRAM ». International Journal of Information Acquisition 08, n^o 04 (décembre 2011) : 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219878911002495.

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Homologous recombination is important for DNA repair and for increasing genetic variation, whereby it enriches the gene pool and keeps populations viable. In eukaryotes, genetic recombination takes place during meiosis. For genes on different chromosomes, mixing of paternal and maternal genes is achieved through the random formation of different chromosome configurations at metaphase I of meiosis. This process accounts for the genetic principle of the independent assortment of unlinked genes. Recombination of paternal and maternal genes on different members of the homologous chromosome pair, on the other hand, can only be achieved through the exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids, resulting in increased genetic variation. The molecular mechanisms of homologous recombination are complicated and often difficult for students to understand. The objective of this research is to develop an interactive computer program for teaching this important biological process. The software program, along with related computer-based genetics learning programs — for mitosis and meiosis, as well as for a cytogenetics laboratory — will be useful for genetics education at the high school and university levels.

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Ray, Darrell L. « Integrating Math & ; Computer Skills in the Biology Classroom ». American Biology Teacher 75, n^o 7 (1 septembre 2013) : 455–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2013.75.7.3.

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Students often enter biology programs deficient in the math and computational skills that would enhance their attainment of a deeper understanding of the discipline. To address some of these concerns, I developed a series of spreadsheet simulation exercises that focus on some of the mathematical foundations of scientific inquiry and the benefits of mathematical modeling in understanding some of the fundamental concepts of ecology, including topics such as population growth, selection, competition, predation, and sustainability. In the example presented here, students collect data from a computer-generated study site and then use basic spreadsheet skills to calculate, graphically visualize, and compare sample means (± SE) to effectively discover why random and transect sampling are superior to biased sampling, and to explore the effects of sample size on the standard error of the mean. Pre- and post-exercise questionnaires suggest that spreadsheet models such as this one are effective in improving students’ attainment of the target principles. Spreadsheet simulations can be used as a low-cost, easily accessible way to leverage technology to supplement lecture or laboratory content while fostering vital math and computer skills.

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Ellisman, Mark H., Gabriel E. Soto et Maryann E. Martone. « The merger of microscopy and advanced computing : A new frontier for the 21st century ». Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994) : 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100167780.

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Establishing and maintaining state-of-the-art national resources such as HVEM, IVEM and supercomputing centers involves considerable initial cost and continued support of staff with special skills and knowledge. The increased availability of high performance computing and communications offers scientists the potential for effective remote interactive use of such centralized, specialized, and expensive facilities. Anticipating improvements in computing and communications infrastructure, a collaborative computational environment, or “Collaboratory for Microscopic Digital Anatomy” (CMDA), is being developed that will provide a researcher at a remote site distributed interaction with unique instrumentation for the acquisition and manipulation of biological images. The prototype outlined in figure 1 was developed at the San Diego Microscopy and Imaging Resource. The CDMA integrates remote interactive acquisition and analysis of 2- and 3-dimensional electron microscopic data from state-of-the-art digital image acquisition systems such as a computer-controled IVEM. A software system has been developed that provides interactive control of image acquisition from the IVEM from a remote laboratory (and eventually any laboratory on the Internet). Sophisticated software tools for image analysis, visualization, and data management of these digital images are also under development. The system design will provide transparent distribution of tasks that require extensive computation to high performance computers accessible on the network. These tasks include the derivation of 3-dimensional structure using electron microscope tomography, automatic feature extraction for serial section reconstructions as well as manipulation and exploration of 3-dimensional biological datasets.

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Harris, Sarah Anne. « Modelling the biomechanical properties of DNA using computer simulation ». Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A : Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 364, n^o 1849 (19 octobre 2006) : 3319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1906.

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Duplex DNA must remain stable when not in use to protect the genetic material. However, the two strands must be separated whenever genes are copied or expressed to expose the coding strand for synthesis of complementary RNA or DNA bases. Therefore, the double stranded structure must be relatively easy to take apart when required. These conflicting biological requirements have important implications for the mechanical properties of duplex DNA. Considerable insight into the forces required to denature DNA has been provided by nanomanipulation experiments, which measure the mechanical properties of single molecules in the laboratory. This paper describes recent computer simulation methods that have been developed to mimic nanomanipulation experiments and which, quite literally, ‘destruction test’ duplex DNA in silico . The method is verified by comparison with single molecule stretching experiments that measure the force required to unbind the two DNA strands. The model is then extended to investigate the thermodynamics of DNA bending and twisting. This is of biological importance as the DNA must be very tightly packaged to fit within the nucleus, and is therefore usually found in a highly twisted or supercoiled state (in bacteria) or wrapped tightly around histone proteins into a densely compacted structure (in animals). In particular, these simulations highlight the importance of thermal fluctuations and entropy in determining the biomechanical properties of DNA. This has implications for the action of DNA processing molecular motors, and also for nanotechnology. Biological machines are able to manipulate single molecules reliably on an energy scale comparable to that of thermal noise. The hope is that understanding the statistical mechanisms that a cell uses to achieve this will be invaluable for the future design of ‘nanoengines’ engineered to perform new technological functions at the nanoscale.

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Lewington, J., D. M. Lewis et M. J. Day. « BACLAB : a computer simulation of a medical bacteriology laboratory–an aid for teaching tertiary level microbiology ». Journal of Biological Education 19, n^o 4 (décembre 1985) : 278–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1985.9654752.

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Wachulak, P., M. Marconi, A. Isoyan, L. Urbanski, A. Bartnik, H. Fiedorowicz et R. Bartels. « Aspects of nanometer scale imaging with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) laboratory sources ». Opto-Electronics Review 20, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2012) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11772-012-0008-z.

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AbstractImaging systems with nanometer resolution are instrumental to the development of the fast evolving field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Decreasing the wavelength of illumination is a direct way to improve the spatial resolution in photon-based imaging systems and motivated a strong interest in short wavelength imaging techniques in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) region. In this review paper, various EUV imaging techniques, such as 2D and 3D holography, EUV microscopy using Fresnel zone plates, EUV reconstruction of computer generated hologram (CGH) and generalized Talbot self-imaging will be presented utilizing both coherent and incoherent compact laboratory EUV sources. Some of the results lead to the imaging with spatial resolution reaching 50 nm in a very short exposure time. These techniques can be used in a variety of applications from actinic mask inspection in the EUV lithography, biological imaging to mask-less lithographic processes in nanofabrication.

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Innes, David J. « Crossover : Concepts and Applications in Genetics, Evolution, and Breeding. An Interactive Computer-Based Laboratory Manual.Jack E. Staub ». Quarterly Review of Biology 71, n^o 2 (juin 1996) : 305–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/419437.

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Phayre, A. « Microdevices for Biological Analyses Recent Advances and Directions for the Future ». Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 5, n^o 4 (1 septembre 2000) : 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1535-5535(04)00088-7.

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Phayre, Allison N., Nanette K. Hartley et Mark A. Hayes. « Microdevices for Biological Analyses Recent Advances and Directions for the Future ». JALA : Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 5, n^o 4 (août 2000) : 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1535-5535-04-00088-7.

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Kumar, Manish, Manish Kumar, Hitesh Mishra, Pramod Kumar Manjhi, Akash Chandra, Lalit Mohan et Harihar Dikshit. « Undergraduate medical students’ perception regarding computer assisted learning in experimental pharmacology practical ». International Journal of Basic & ; Clinical Pharmacology 7, n^o 3 (22 février 2018) : 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20180671.

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Background: Main objective of this study was to find out the students’ perception and to obtain feedback towards the use of Animal Simulator to demonstrate drug effects in terms of its acceptability, advantages and disadvantages of Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) in experimental pharmacology practical as an educational tool.Methods: Questionnaire based study, done on randomly and voluntarily selected ninety-six fourth and fifth semester MBBS Students. Divided into four groups and each group contained 24 students. Students were taught experimental pharmacology practical online using Animal simulator (CAL- Computer Assisted Learning) for 2 hours on different days in three sessions. Questions and their feedback was taken during these sessions and presented in tables. Statistical analysis of data was done using Graph Pad software.Results: Majority of students i.e. 64 (66.67%) agreed that in vitro and in vivo experiments on animals are essential for better understanding and learning of the biological process. Students were agreed to the majority of the statements for CAL like enjoyable and time saving, easy to perform, contributes more to understanding theoretical concepts, no experimental error seen, welcome change and best alternative to laboratory practical and many experiments can be demonstrated in a short time. Students were disagreed on statements like CAL is an effective method of teaching practical aspects and preferred experimentation than laboratory practical. Majority of students given yes/positive response to questions showing advantages of using CAL. Also, positive feedback was obtained regarding questions showing disadvantages of using CAL software.Conclusions: Students’ perception regarding practical with CAL laboratory using animal simulator was good. The overall view was expressed that they found the exercises interesting and educationally beneficial. Computer assisted learning is a feasible and very effective teaching and learning method in pharmacology with huge potential to change the way of learning as it meets the majority of the learning objectives.

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