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Oudjida, Abdelkrim Kamel. « Binary Arithmetic for Finite-Word-Length Linear Controllers : MEMS Applications ». Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA2001/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cette thèse traite le problème d'intégration hardware optimale de contrôleurs linéaires à taille de mot finie, dédiés aux applications MEMS. Le plus grand défi est d'assurer des performances de contrôle satisfaisantes avec un minimum de ressources logiques. Afin d'y parvenir, deux optimisations distinctes mais complémentaires peuvent être entreprises: en théorie de contrôle et en arithmétique binaire. Seule cette dernière est considérée dans ce travail.Comme cette arithmétique cible des applications MEMS, elle doit faire preuve de vitesse afin de prendre en charge la dynamique rapide des MEMS, à faible consommation de puissance pour un contrôle intégré, hautement re-configurabe pour un ajustement facile des performances de contrôle, et facilement prédictible pour fournir une idée précise sur les ressources logiques nécessaires avant l'implémentation même.L'exploration d'un certain nombre d'arithmétiques binaires a montré que l'arithmétique radix-2r est celle qui répond au mieux aux exigences précitées. Elle a été pleinement exploitée afin de concevoir des circuits de multiplication efficaces, qui sont au fait, le véritable moteur des systèmes linéaires.L'arithmétique radix-2r a été appliquée à l'intégration hardware de deux structures linéaires à taille de mot finie: un contrôleur PID variant dans le temps et à un contrôleur LQG invariant dans le temps,avec un filtre de Kalman. Le contrôleur PID a montré une nette supériorité sur ses homologues existants. Quant au contrôleur LQG, une réduction très importante des ressources logiques a été obtenue par rapport à sa forme initiale non optimiséeThis thesis addresses the problem of optimal hardware-realization of finite-word-length(FWL) linear controllers dedicated to MEMS applications. The biggest challenge is to ensuresatisfactory control performances with a minimal hardware. To come up, two distinct butcomplementary optimizations can be undertaken: in control theory and in binary arithmetic. Only thelatter is involved in this work.Because MEMS applications are targeted, the binary arithmetic must be fast enough to cope withthe rapid dynamic of MEMS; power-efficient for an embedded control; highly scalable for an easyadjustment of the control performances; and easily predictable to provide a precise idea on therequired logic resources before the implementation.The exploration of a number of binary arithmetics showed that radix-2r is the best candidate that fitsthe aforementioned requirements. It has been fully exploited to designing efficient multiplier cores,which are the real engine of the linear systems.The radix-2r arithmetic was applied to the hardware integration of two FWL structures: a linear timevariant PID controller and a linear time invariant LQG controller with a Kalman filter. Both controllersshowed a clear superiority over their existing counterparts, or in comparison to their initial forms
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Tergino, Christian Sean. « Efficient Binary Field Multiplication on a VLIW DSP ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33693.
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Modern public-key cryptography relies extensively on modular multiplication with long operands. We investigate the opportunities to optimize this operation in a heterogeneous multiprocessing platform such as TI OMAP3530. By migrating the long operand modular multiplication from a general-purpose ARM Cortex A8 to a specialized C64x+ VLIW DSP, we are able to exploit the XOR-Multiply instruction and the inherent parallelism of the DSP. The proposed multiplication utilizes Multi-Precision Binary Polynomial Multiplication with Unbalanced Exponent Modular Reduction. The resulting DSP implementation performs a GF(2^233) multiplication in less than 1.31us, which is over a seven times speed up when compared with the ARM implementation on the same chip. We present several strategies for different field sizes and field polynomials, and show that a 360MHz DSP easily outperforms the 500MHz ARM.Master of Science
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Tissier, Julien. « Improving methods to learn word representations for efficient semantic similarites computations ». Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSES008.
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De nombreuses applications en traitement du langage naturel (TALN) reposent sur les représentations de mots, ou “word embeddings”. Ces représentations doivent capturer à la fois de l’information syntaxique et sémantique pour donner des bonnes performances dans les tâches en aval qui les utilisent. Cependant, les méthodes courantes pour les apprendre utilisent des textes génériques comme Wikipédia qui ne contiennent pas d’information sémantique précise. De plus, un espace mémoire important est requis pour pouvoir les sauvegarder car le nombre de représentations de mots à apprendre peut être de l’ordre du million. Le sujet de ma thèse est de développer de nouveaux algorithmes pour améliorer l’information sémantique dans les word embeddings tout en réduisant leur taille en mémoire lors de leur utilisation dans des tâches en aval de TALN.La première partie de mes travaux améliore l’information sémantique contenue dans les word embeddings. J’ai développé dict2vec, un modèle qui utilise l’information des dictionnaires linguistiques lors de l’apprentissage des word embeddings. Les word embeddings appris par dict2vec obtiennent des scores supérieurs d’environ 15% par rapport à ceux appris avec d’autres méthodes sur des tâches de similarités sémantiques de mots. La seconde partie de mes travaux consiste à réduire la taille mémoire des word embeddings. J’ai développé une architecture basée sur un auto-encodeur pour transformer des word embeddings à valeurs réelles en vecteurs binaires, réduisant leur taille mémoire de 97% avec seulement une baisse de précision d’environ 2% dans des tâches de TALN en avalMany natural language processing applications rely on word representations (also called word embeddings) to achieve state-of-the-art results. These numerical representations of the language should encode both syntactic and semantic information to perform well in downstream tasks. However, common models (word2vec, GloVe) use generic corpus like Wikipedia to learn them and they therefore lack specific semantic information. Moreover it requires a large memory space to store them because the number of representations to save can be in the order of a million. The topic of my thesis is to develop new learning algorithms to both improve the semantic information encoded within the representations while making them requiring less memory space for storage and their application in NLP tasks.The first part of my work is to improve the semantic information contained in word embeddings. I developed dict2vec, a model that uses additional information from online lexical dictionaries when learning word representations. The dict2vec word embeddings perform ∼15% better against the embeddings learned by other models on word semantic similarity tasks. The second part of my work is to reduce the memory size of the embeddings. I developed an architecture based on an autoencoder to transform commonly used real-valued embeddings into binary embeddings, reducing their size in memory by 97% with only a loss of ∼2% in accuracy in downstream NLP tasks
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Guillon, B. « Two-wayness : Automata and Transducers ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/385609.
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This PhD is about two natural extensions of Finite Automata (FA): the 2-way fa (2FA) and the
2-way transducers (2T).
It is well known that 2FA s are computably equivalent to FAs, even in their nondeterministic
(2nfa) variant. However, in the field of descriptional complexity, some questions remain. Raised by Sakoda and Sipser in 1978, the question of the cost of the simulation of 2NFA by 2DFA (the deterministic variant of 2FA) is still open. In this manuscript, we give an answer in a restricted case in which the nondeterministic choices of the simulated 2NFA may occur at the boundaries of the input tape only (2ONFA). We show that every 2ONFA can be simulated by a 2DFA of subexponential (but superpolynomial) size. Under the assumptions L=NL, this cost is reduced to the polynomial level. Moreover, we prove that the complementation and the simulation by a halting 2ONFA is polynomial. We also consider the anologous simulations for alternating devices.
Providing a one-way write-only output tape to FAs leads to the notion of transducer. Contrary to the case of finite automata which are acceptor, 2-way transducers strictly extends the computational power of 1-way one, even in the case where both the input and output alphabets are unary. Though 1-way transducers enjoy nice properties and characterizations (algebraic, logical, etc. . . ), 2-way variants are less known, especially the nondeterministic case. In this area, this manuscript gives a new contribution: an algebraic characterization of the relations accepted by two-way transducers when both the input and output alphabets are unary. Actually, it can be reformulated as follows: each unary two-way transducer is equivalent to a sweeping (and even rotating) transducer. We also show that the assumptions made on the size of the alphabets are required, that is, sweeping transducers weakens the 2-way transducers whenever at least one of the alphabet is non-unary. On the path, we discuss on the computational power of some algebraic operations on word relations, introduced in the aim of describing the behavior of 2-way transducers or, more generally, of 2-way weighted automata. In particular, the mirror operation, consisting in reversing the input word in order to describe a right to left scan, draws our attention.
Finally, we study another kind of operations, more adapted for binary word relations: the
composition. We consider the transitive closure of relations. When the relation belongs to some very restricted sub-family of rational relations, we are able to compute its transitive closure and we set its complexity. This quickly becomes uncomputable when higher classes are considered.
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Kelan, Elisabeth Kristina. « Binary logic ? : doing gender in information communication technology work ». Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429370.
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Culnane, Christopher. « Mark my words : binary watermarking robust to printing and scanning ». Thesis, University of Surrey, 2009. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843362/.
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Binary Watermarking, robust to printing and scanning, is the process of imperceptibly hiding information in binary documents, typically text documents, so that the hidden information can still be recovered following the printing and scanning of a document. It presents a challenging problem, both in finding an imperceptible way to hide data within a sparse text document, and providing an embedding strategy that can handle the myriad of distortions introduced during printing and scanning. Our goal was to develop a scheme that had sufficient capacity to embed our proposed authenticating and localising watermark. Existing schemes did not provide sufficient capacity, requiring us to develop techniques to increase the embedding capacity whilst maintaining the robustness to printing and scanning. In this thesis we present two distinct approaches to binary watermarking robust to printing and scanning. Our first approach, Binary Text Watermarking, is based on the principle of adjusting white space between adjacent words in order to embed a watermark, and forms the main focus of this thesis. A fundamental requirement of Binary Text Watermarking is the correct classification of white space, which is a difficult task due to the variation between different fonts, font sizes and the small tolerances between success and failure. The task is compounded by the requirement to classify white space in the same way, following printing and scanning, and even photocopying. The techniques we have proposed: Frequency Thresholding, Frequency Shaping and PDF Analysis have been designed to cope with distortion and mitigate against the possibility of misclassification. We have analysed 864 test documents to validate our white space classification techniques. In doing so we have discovered a number of interesting characteristics associated with the distribution of white space within documents. In order to increase available embedding capacity within a document we have proposed a new set allocation process in the form of Continuous Line Watermarking. In addition we have introduced two new set modulation techniques: Quad Set Watermarking and Ternary Watermarking. We have achieved an overall increase in capacity of 174%, in comparison to previous work, whilst mainting robustness to printing and scanning, and even photocopying. In order to validate this we printed and scanned 504 test documents, consisting of different fonts and variants of our scheme. We have developed an end-user application that provides a fully featured user interface to allow users to analyse, embed, detect and authenticate documents using our watermarking schemes. Our second approach to binary watermarking is our Imperceptible Yellow Printer Dots method, which is orthogonal to our Binary Text Watermarking method. The concept is based on the methods used by printer manufacturers to identify the printer on which the document was printed. The method relies on the imperfections of the human visual system, which prevent humans seeing tiny yellow dots on white paper. The novelty of our approach is the automatic embedding and detection of a custom watermark using an off-the-shelf printer and scanner. It must handle similar distortions to those incurred by our Binary Text Watermarking method, whilst still successfully finding the tiny yellow dots. Our proposed, Imperceptible Yellow Printer Dots, scheme provides a capacity over 18 times greater than our Binary Text Watermarking method.
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Frost, R. A. « The binary-relational view and aspects of database and knowledge base systems work ». Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381496.
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Vizenor, Katie Virginia. « Binary Lives| Digital Citizenship and Disability Participation in a User Content Created Virtual World ». Thesis, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3613110.
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Digital Citizenship is a concept typically used in discussions of how technology impacts our relationships with others and our physical world communities. It is also used to describe ways that we can leverage our technology use and skill to make our communities and nations better and stronger. Educators are now teaching "good digital citizenship" as part of a larger civics curriculum.
But, there is a second, emerging concept that I refer to as platform specific digital citizenship. I define this platform specific citizenship as the deep and abiding commitment and sense of responsibility that people develop in relation to a particular technology, such as software or technology brand. It may also refer to the ideas that people express in regard to how technology should ideally be used and what rights and responsibilities it requires of its adherents.
Massively Multiplayer Online Worlds (MMOWs) are one place researchers are finding this deep, platform specific digital citizenship emerging. These are persistent digital universes where people from all over the world develop online personas, leadership structures, discussion forums, and business and non-profit entities. The ability and extent to which this online organization is possible is largely due to the underlying structure, rules and allowances of the world of which people choose to be a part.
One online world, Second Life, has a large, active and vocal disabled population. They have committed to this environment because of the unique opportunities and freedoms that it provides. As a user content created environment, residents, as Second Life participants are referred to, are given an unprecedented amount of freedom to create the kind of experience they want. This may involve developing relationships and projects with other disabled residents. It can also involve exploring other aspects of themselves and their interests that are often neglected in their real lives due to social exclusion, and/or lack of financial and physical access.
Most of the research and popular media examinations of disability in Second Life centers on participation in disability specific communities or the benefits of identity exploration through avatar design. But, the reasons disabled people stay here is much broader and varied than what this limited discussion suggests. Commitment to Second Life is strong precisely because disability community commitment and disability expression are not the only options but exist among a wide range of choices. Moreover, the expression of disability and use of such mediated environments is constantly debated in both word and deed.
This dissertation explores the concept of digital citizenship and why people that identify as disabled in real life are attracted to committed participation in virtual worlds, in particular, Second Life. What opportunities and rights are disabled people afforded here through the technology structure? What are the avenues of entry into the Second Life community, and what does the variety of these entry points and special interest sub-communities tell us about what is important to them? How is commitment debated and deepened through the use of public spaces and forums? And, what can researchers, public health and information professionals learn from these features that can improve their own outreach?
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Bull, Brooks A. « Parents of Non-Binary Children : Stories of Understanding and Support ». Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1620153478670169.
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Kindbom, Hannes. « LSTM vs Random Forest for Binary Classification of Insurance Related Text ». Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-252748.
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The field of natural language processing has received increased attention lately, but less focus is put on comparing models, which differ in complexity. This thesis compares Random Forest to LSTM, for the task of classifying a message as question or non-question. The comparison was done by training and optimizing the models on historic chat data from the Swedish insurance company Hedvig. Different types of word embedding were also tested, such as Word2vec and Bag of Words. The results demonstrated that LSTM achieved slightly higher scores than Random Forest, in terms of F1 and accuracy. The models’ performance were not significantly improved after optimization and it was also dependent on which corpus the models were trained on. An investigation of how a chatbot would affect Hedvig’s adoption rate was also conducted, mainly by reviewing previous studies about chatbots’ effects on user experience. The potential effects on the innovation’s five attributes, relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability and observability were analyzed to answer the problem statement. The results showed that the adoption rate of Hedvig could be positively affected, by improving the first two attributes. The effects a chatbot would have on complexity, trialability and observability were however suggested to be negligible, if not negative.Det vetenskapliga området språkteknologi har fått ökad uppmärksamhet den senaste tiden, men mindre fokus riktas på att jämföra modeller som skiljer sig i komplexitet. Den här kandidatuppsatsen jämför Random Forest med LSTM, genom att undersöka hur väl modellerna kan användas för att klassificera ett meddelande som fråga eller icke-fråga. Jämförelsen gjordes genom att träna och optimera modellerna på historisk chattdata från det svenska försäkringsbolaget Hedvig. Olika typer av word embedding, så som Word2vec och Bag of Words, testades också. Resultaten visade att LSTM uppnådde något högre F1 och accuracy än Random Forest. Modellernas prestanda förbättrades inte signifikant efter optimering och resultatet var också beroende av vilket korpus modellerna tränades på. En undersökning av hur en chattbot skulle påverka Hedvigs adoption rate genomfördes också, huvudsakligen genom att granska tidigare studier om chattbotars effekt på användarupplevelsen. De potentiella effekterna på en innovations fem attribut, relativ fördel, kompatibilitet, komplexitet, prövbarhet and observerbarhet analyserades för att kunna svara på frågeställningen. Resultaten visade att Hedvigs adoption rate kan påverkas positivt, genom att förbättra de två första attributen. Effekterna en chattbot skulle ha på komplexitet, prövbarhet och observerbarhet ansågs dock vara försumbar, om inte negativ.
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Arthur, Christopher. « Understanding Ancient Math Through Kepler : A Few Geometric Ideas from The Harmony of the World ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3269/.
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Euclid's geometry is well-known for its theorems concerning triangles and circles. Less popular are the contents of the tenth book, in which geometry is a means to study quantity in general. Commensurability and rational quantities are first principles, and from them are derived at least eight species of irrationals. A recently republished work by Johannes Kepler contains examples using polygons to illustrate these species. In addition, figures having these quantities in their construction form solid shapes (polyhedra) having origins though Platonic philosophy and Archimedean works. Kepler gives two additional polyhedra, and a simple means for constructing the “divine” proportion is given.
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Rydbjer, Beatrice, et Karin Bristav. « ”Jag är inte här för att utbilda dig, jag är här för att jag behöver din hjälp.” : En kvalitativ intervjustudie om transpersoners erfarenheter av bemötande från samhällets instanser ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-135108.
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This is a qualitative interview study where 7 transgender people is interviewed about their experiences of treatment from institutions within society. In semi-structured interviews, respondents talk about the treatment they received from health care, education, legal system, employment offices and social services. The study's purpose is to examine the treatment transgender peoples gets based on their own stories and perspectives. The study also discusses the social structures, like binary gender norms, that contribute to a negative attitude and the consequences of this approach. The result shows that there is a great lack of knowledge within institutions and professionals have insufficient training in how to treat people with transgender identities. Respondents have often had to educate professionals and carries their identity as a backpack that they can not get rid of. The results also indicate that the prevailing social structures that divide people in binary gender norms is problematic for transgender people.Detta är en kvalitativ intervjustudie där 7 transpersoner intervjuats om deras erfarenheter av bemötande från samhällets instanser. I semistrukturerade intervjuer har respondenterna berättat om det bemötande de fått från vården, utbildning, rättsväsendet, arbetsförmedlingen och socialförvaltningen. Studiens syfte är att undersöka bemötande transpersoner får utifrån deras egna berättelser och perspektiv. I studien diskuteras även samhällsstrukturer, såsom tvåkönsnormen, som bidrar till ett negativt bemötande samt konsekvenserna av detta bemötande. Resultatet visar att det råder en stor kunskapsbrist inom samhällets instanser och professionella har bristande utbildning i hur de ska bemöta personer med könsöverskridande identiteter. Respondenterna har ofta fått agera utbildare för professionella och bär med sig sin identitet som en ryggsäck som de inte kan bli av med. Resultatet pekar också på att rådande samhällsstrukturer som delar in personer i en tvåkönsnorm är problematisk för transpersoner.
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Pless, Anna. « Hitta rätt : En studie om icke-binära transpersoners identitetsskapande genom orden ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-261269.
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The aim of this master thesis in Ethnology and Folkloristics is to study how non-binary transgender people relate to words and identity positions which concerns primarily gender and sexuality. What are their opinions on words such as intergender, queer, trans, man, woman, lesbian and gay? What role do such words play in their everyday life and in the construction of their identities? The study is based on interviews with eight people. Six of the informants have non-binary gender identities and two of them are transgender women with some non-binary experiences. At the time of the interviews, the informants were between 21 and 37 years old. The thesis consists of five chapters, whereof the first chapter introduces the topic, the material and the theoretical foundation of the thesis. The main theoretical framework for this study is queer theories. In the second chapter, some aspects of the everyday life of the informants are presented. How is it to live with a non-binary gender identity? Many informants give an account of the complications which occur because they are neither women nor men. People of the majority population often consider their identities unreal and unintelligible. In chapter three it is discussed how the informants explain their relationship to different words for non-binary gender identities. Their reasons for choosing to use certain words to define themselves with are also presented. Some informants claim that they would prefer to live in a world where they did not have to name themselves. Yet every informant still uses different words to describe themselves with. In chapter four it is demonstrated how choosing a word for one’s identity is a process affected by other aspects in a person’s life. The informants decide on a word for themselves depending on the people around them. Furthermore, sexuality and sexual identity also play a big part in how they conceive and name their gender identity. Finally, chapter five consists of a summary of the thesis and a short passage to widen the discussion
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Racel, Masako N. « Finding their Place in the World : Meiji Intellectuals and the Japanese Construction of an East-West Binary, 1868-1912 ». Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_diss/26.
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The Meiji era (1868-1912) in Japanese history was characterized by the extensive adoption of Western institutions, technology, and customs. The dramatic changes that took place caused the era’s intellectuals to ponder Japan's position within the larger global context. The East-West binary was a particularly important part of the discourse as the intellectuals analyzed and criticized the current state of affairs and offered their visions of Japan’s future. This dissertation examines five Meiji intellectuals who had very different orientations and agendas: Fukuzawa Yukichi, an influential philosopher and political theorist; Shimoda Utako, a pioneer of women's education; Uchimura Kanzō, a Christian leader; Okakura Kakuzō, an art critic; and Kōtoku Shūsui, a socialist. Also considered here are related concepts such as "civilization (bunmei)," "barbarism," and "imperialism." Close examination of the five intellectuals' use of the East-West binary reveals that, despite their varied goals, they all placed Japan as the leader of the Easternworld. Collectively, Meiji intellectuals’ use of the East-West binary elevated both East and West, while largely deemphasizing the middle part of Eurasia and "South," such as Africa and South America.
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Kilpatrick, Leslie Catherine. « No place like home : trans-individuals' search for belonging in a binary gendered world : a project based upon an independent investigation / ». View online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/5906.
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ROMEO, ISABELLA. « A model for the evaluation of graduates' first long-term job on labour market history ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/19391.
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The recent theoretical literature on causal inference has built on combined features of earlier work in both econometric structural approach and statistical program evaluation approach. The present work attempts to combine the two approaches proposing a dynamic causal model in the context of a study on the labour market transitions. In such context many statistical articles focus on unemployment and temporary job and their effects on time duration or on probability to get a permanent contract. However in the last decade the concept of job and work stability has changed. The rapid spread of temporary employment and the increased instability of the market has aroused a new concept of work: the work path, which can take place in different sectors and positions and require very different skills and knowledge. In this contest becomes of great interest to define which characteristics are peculiar of a good job and to study the effect of it on the subsequent work path.
Having at disposal administrative panel data on both Lombardy labour market and records of the graduates of three biggest University of Milan, I study the impact of the first “stable” job coherent with the university education on the future job coherence. I define stable a job with a duration of at least 540 days.
A dynamic logit causal model has been performed as it allows to estimate the dynamic effect of the first stable job distinguishing between true and spurious state dependence. The unobserved heterogeneity between subjects is taken into account by considering a latent variable having a discrete distribution. This model under certain hypothesis is equivalent to a model formulated on potential outcomes. For the estimation of the model parameters I use an EM algorithm computing standard errors on the basis of the numerical derivative of the score vector of the complete data log-likelihood.
From the application of the proposed model to the available data I conclude that the first stable job coherent with one's own university degree has a positive causal effect on the future coherence job in the long-term period. The main features that seem to have a significant positive impact on coherence are the subject's ability, measured through the graduation mark, and a short distance from the degree, measured with the number of past experiences.
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Katta, Vanishravan. « Development of Crash Severity Model for Predicting Risk Factors in Work Zones for Ohio ». University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1384556981.
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Sanchez, Meyerlyn Leticia. « The Resilience Experiences in Non-Binary Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Assault ». The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1556796935295631.
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Smolle, Sofia. « ”Man pratar ju inte om det som konstrueras” : En kvalitativ studie om socialsekreterares föreställningar och förhållningssätt till personer med könsöverskridande identiteter ». Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för socialt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-30510.
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Syftet med denna studie var att explorativt undersöka socialsekreterares föreställningar och förhållningssätt till personer med könsöverskridande identiteter inom området barn och familj. Studien är baserad på en kvalitativ metod där semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex socialsekreterare utgör studiens empiri. Queerteori och genusteori har bidragit till en djupare förståelse för informanternas utsagor och för analys av studiens resultat.Resultatet visar att erfarenheten av och kunskapen om könsöverskridande identiteter är begränsad hos socialsekreterarna på arbetsplatsen. Socialsekreterarna använder sig i huvudsak av heteronormativa antaganden i bemötandet av sina klienter. Därmed uppfattas enbart två olika kön, liksom dess respektive motsvarighet i två pronomen, som de enda existerande alternativa könsidentiteterna. Samtliga socialsekreterare som deltog i studien saknade gedigna erfarenheter av att ifrågasätta könsstereotyper i utredningar och bedömningar. Informanterna påtalar själva att de tror sig sakna kunskap och kompetens. Risker med begränsade erfarenheter och bristande kunskap kan vara att viktiga aspekter, som exempelvis kan handla om att en klient utsatts för diskriminerande behandling i någon form på grund av sin könsidentitet, förbigås av socialsekreteraren. Den fortbildning som socialsekreterarna hitintills fått på arbetsplatsen har inte berört frågan om könsöverskridande identiteter. Enligt informanterna beror det på att denna fråga inte prioriterats.Nyckelord:
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Miller, Perry Dal-nim. « The Military Camptown in Retrospect : Multiracial Korean American Subject Formation Along the Black-White Binary ». Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1187385251.
Texte intégral
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Hallén, Rizzo Jan. « "And Never the Twain Shall Meet" ? : Separate Worlds and Characterization in David Lodge's Nice Work ». Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Estetisk-filosofiska fakulteten, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-8586.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This essay uses some tenets of structuralism as well as the concept of “discourse” to analyze David Lodge’s novel Nice Work (1988). The opposite discourses of Academia and Industry, as expounded through the life and character of the main protagonists, are analyzed as they are exposed throughout the novel through the involuntary mingling of the main characters. The governing idea is that three separate discourses can be gleaned as a basic structure in the novel, forming a triad that suggests the idea of a possible synthesis, which is shown to be what propels the plot of the novel onward. As in Hegelian dialectics the clash between a thesis and its antithesis makes the reader expect the third term, a synthesis, which is offered in the mediating discourse of the narrator. Further, this essay focuses on three levels of exchange within the novel and its protagonists: the intellectual, emotional and practical ones. The synthesis of discourses is shown to come to a halt in the end, and the opposites seem to stand unperturbed, even though an exchange of values, ideas and actions has occurred.
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Stiles, Ronald Peter. « An examination of selected binary oppositions in the work of Elizabeth Gaskell which serve to demonstrate the author's response to unitarianism and other prevalent influences within mid-Victorian society ». Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1995. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1699/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation examines in detail the work of Elizabeth Gaskell, a mid-Victorian English author. It establishes that she was significantly influenced in her writing by the Unitarian social milieu to which she belonged during her lifetime, and by a wide range of other dominant influences, such as Romanticism and the rise of Darwinism. It demonstrates that conflicting doctrinal strains within Unitarianism, and emphases in Unitarianism differing from that of other prevailing influences within society, jointly contributed to the particular nature of her literary output. Elizabeth Gaskell's work is characterised by a series of binary oppositions, a feature of her fiction which serves to illustrate her individual response to conflicting values or concepts. Rather than dogmatically resolving the series of antinomies revealed throughout her work, she maintains their co-existence in such a manner that the mutual interdependence of each set of polarities is perpetuated. This suggests that she preferred, despite varying emphases at certain points, an intelligent open-endedness regarding opposing views. In fact, her work infers an acceptance that textual vitality and purpose is fostered by allowing such tensions to exist. The binary oppositions exhibited in her work that are discussed in this dissertation are varied in nature. In Chapters Two and Three, the Priestleyan notion of necessarianism, a form of moral determinism, is set against the equally evident notion of free-will and divine benevolence. In Chapter Four, the radical edge of her Unitarian faith is balanced by an equally strong appreciation of the benefits of social respectability. Elizabeth Gaskell's work reflects a recurrent commitment to the Unitarian espousal of truthfulness, but she also understands the textual benefits of concealment and deception.
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Granström, Karl, et Jonas Callmer. « Large Scale SLAM in an Urban Environment ». Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11833.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Simultaneous Localisation And Mapping SLAM-problemet är ett robotikproblem som består av att låta en robot kartlägga ett tidigare okänt område, och samtidigt lokalisera sig i den skapade kartan. Det här exjobbet presenterar ett försök till en lösning på SLAM-problemet som fungerar i konstant tid i en urban miljö. En sådan lösning måste hantera en datamängd som ständigt ökar, utan att beräkningskomplexiteten ökar signifikant.
Ett informationsfilter på fördröjd tillståndsform används för estimering av robotens trajektoria, och kamera och laseravståndssensorer används för att samla spatial information om omgivningarna längs färdvägen. Två olika metoder för att detektera loopslutningar föreslås. Den första är bildbaserad och använder Tree of Words för jämförelse av bilder. Den andra metoden är laserbaserad och använder en tränad klassificerare för att jämföra laserscans. När två posar, position och riktning, kopplats samman i en loopslutning beräknas den relativa posen med laserscansinriktning med hjälp av en kombination av Conditional Random Field-Match och Iterative Closest Point.
Experiment visar att både bild- och laserscansbaserad loopslutningsdetektion fungerar bra i stadsmiljö, och resulterar i good estimering av kartan såväl som robotens trajektoria.
In robotics, the Simultaneous Localisation And Mapping SLAM problem consists of letting a robot map a previously unknown environment, while simultaneously localising the robot in the same map. In this thesis, an attempt to solve the SLAM problem in constant time in a complex environment, such as a suburban area, is made. Such a solution must handle increasing amounts of data without significant increase in computation time.
A delayed state information filter is used to estimate the robot's trajectory, and camera and laser range sensors are used to acquire spatial information about the environment along the trajectory. Two approaches to loop closure detection are proposed. The first is image based using Tree of Words for image comparison. The second is laser based using a trained classifier for laser scan comparison. The relative pose, the difference in position and heading, of two poses matched in loop closure is calculated with laser scan alignment using a combination of Conditional Random Field-Match and Iterative Closest Point.
Experiments show that both image and laser based loop closure detection works well in a suburban area, and results in good estimation of the map as well as the robot's trajectory.
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Hallgren, Sanderson Julia. « "Such a thing to waste words on" : Genus, sexualitet och Beloved i Robin Hobbs The Realm of the Elderlings ». Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Litteraturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35340.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In fantasy literature, representations of gender and sexuality outside of the heteronormative binary have historically been limited. Although queer fantasy is on the rise, depictions of non-conformational identities are still rare and far in-between. This thesis seeks to examine one of the earlier fantasy representations of a queer character, the non-binary Beloved in Robin Hobbs fantasy series The Realm of the Elderlings in terms of gender and sexuality. Throughout the series, Beloved assumes different identities of various genders and sexual orientations, and continuously claims that these are all equally true and valid representations of themselves, although these are distinctly separated by ways of, often gendered, physical attributes. Therefore, a central part of this thesis will be to examine how these shifts between genders and sexual identities are established performatively, something I will do with the support of Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity as it is presented in Gender Trouble. While the text ultimately lends itself to a reading in Beloved’s favour, they are often othered and met with scorn from other characters of the series, something that is quite central to their characterization. Consequently, this thesis will also investigate these reactions and the often heteronormative and conservative stances they demonstrate, and, most notably, how these reactions mirror exterior societal attitudes and change in accordance with these.
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Le, Thu Anh. « An Exploration of the Word2vec Algorithm : Creating a Vector Representation of a Language Vocabulary that Encodes Meaning and Usage Patterns in the Vector Space Structure ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849728/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis is an exloration and exposition of a highly efficient shallow neural network algorithm called word2vec, which was developed by T. Mikolov et al. in order to create vector representations of a language vocabulary such that information about the meaning and usage of the vocabulary words is encoded in the vector space structure. Chapter 1 introduces natural language processing, vector representations of language vocabularies, and the word2vec algorithm. Chapter 2 reviews the basic mathematical theory of deterministic convex optimization. Chapter 3 provides background on some concepts from computer science that are used in the word2vec algorithm: Huffman trees, neural networks, and binary cross-entropy. Chapter 4 provides a detailed discussion of the word2vec algorithm itself and includes a discussion of continuous bag of words, skip-gram, hierarchical softmax, and negative sampling. Finally, Chapter 5 explores some applications of vector representations: word categorization, analogy completion, and language translation assistance.
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Desbiens-Brassard, Alexandre. « "They're Coming!" Invasion and Manichaeism in Post-World-War-Two Literature in the United States and Quebec by Oliver Lange, Orson Scott Card, Mary Jane Engh, Paul Chamberland, Hubert Aquin and Claude Jasmin ». Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6877.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract : This thesis develops an ideological critique of selected works by Oliver Lange, Orson Scott Card, Mary Jane Engh, Paul Chamberland, Hubert Aquin, and Claude Jasmin in order to uncover how they use the politico-literary discourse of the paranoid style and its Manichean binary of Us versus Them within the contexts of the United States during the Cold War (and its on-going repercussions into the early 1970’s) and Québec during the Révolution tranquille (Quiet Revolution). The consequent ideologemes manifest narratives describing the fight of an oppressed group (Us) against a demonized hegemonic enemy (Them.) This comparative literature project includes political and historical analyses in order to situate the works in the socio-historical contexts of their production, and since the ideologies of a period may be imbedded (knowingly or not) by an author in a text. The United States and Québec were extremely different culturally, as well as politically, during the decades in question and the issues their populations had to face were often quite dissimilar. Yet it is precisely the interrogation of their dissimilarities that is central to my project of demonstrating, through the selected texts, how two different societies narrativise key predominant ideological anxieties and struggles using the same rhetoric and similar tropes of the paranoid syle and its Manichean ideologemes.Résumé : Ce mémoire réalise une critique idéologique de textes littéraires produits par différents auteurs : Oliver Lange, Orson Scott Card, Mary Jane Engh, Paul Chamberland, Hubert Aquin et Claude Jasmin. Cette critique a pour but d'étudier comment ces textes utilisent le discours politico-littéraire du paranoid style (style paranoïaque) et le manichéanisme ( Us versus Them ou Eux ou Nous) qui lui est associé à l'intérieur du contexte sociohistorique des États-Unis au plus fort de la Guerre froide (et durant sa période plus chaude des années 1970) et du Québec au plus fort de la Révolution tranquille. Les idéologèmes qui en résultent façonnent des histoires décrivant le combat d'un groupe opprimé (Nous) contre un ennemi hégémonique et démonisé (Eux) Ce projet de littérature comparée fait appel à des analyses politiques et historiques pour situer les textes analysés dans leur contexte sociohistorique de production respectifs puisque les idéologies d'une époque peuvent être insérées (consciemment ou non) par un auteur dans un texte. Le Québec et les États-Unis étaient des sociétés extrêmement différentes culturellement et politiquement durant ces décennies et les problèmes auxquels elles devaient faire face étaient différents également. C'est l'exploration de ces différences qui est centrale à ma démonstration, à travers les textes sélectionnés, du processus par lequel deux sociétés différentes opposées à deux ennemis différents mettent en scène leurs principaux combats et anxiétés idéologiques en utilisant la même rhétorique et les même conventions reliées au style paranoïaque et à son Manichéanisme.
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Abolfathi, Peter Puya. « Development of an Instrumented and Powered Exoskeleton for the Rehabilitation of the Hand ». Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3690.
Texte intégralRésumé :
With improvements in actuation technology and sensory systems, it is becoming increasingly feasible to create powered exoskeletal garments that can assist with the movement of human limbs. This class of robotics referred to as human-machine interfaces will one day be used for the rehabilitation of paralysed, damaged or weak upper and lower extremities. The focus of this project was the development of an exoskeletal interface for the rehabilitation of the hands. A novel sensor was designed for use in such a device. The sensor uses simple optical mechanisms centred on a spring to measure force and position simultaneously. In addition, the sensor introduces an elastic element between the actuator and its corresponding hand joint. This will allow series elastic actuation (SEA) to improve control and safely of the system. The Hand Rehabilitation Device requires multiple actuators. To stay within volume and weight constraints, it is therefore imperative to reduce the size, mass and efficiency of each actuator without losing power. A method was devised that allows small efficient actuating subunits to work together and produce a combined collective output. This work summation method was successfully implemented with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based actuators. The actuation, sensory, control system and human-machine interface concepts proposed were evaluated together using a single-joint electromechanical harness. This experimental setup was used with volunteer subjects to assess the potentials of a full-hand device to be used for therapy, assessment and function of the hand. The Rehabilitation Glove aims to bring significant new benefits for improving hand function, an important aspect of human independence. Furthermore, the developments in this project may one day be used for other parts of the body helping bring human-machine interface technology into the fields of rehabilitation and therapy.
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Abolfathi, Peter Puya. « Development of an Instrumented and Powered Exoskeleton for the Rehabilitation of the Hand ». University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3690.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)With improvements in actuation technology and sensory systems, it is becoming increasingly feasible to create powered exoskeletal garments that can assist with the movement of human limbs. This class of robotics referred to as human-machine interfaces will one day be used for the rehabilitation of paralysed, damaged or weak upper and lower extremities. The focus of this project was the development of an exoskeletal interface for the rehabilitation of the hands. A novel sensor was designed for use in such a device. The sensor uses simple optical mechanisms centred on a spring to measure force and position simultaneously. In addition, the sensor introduces an elastic element between the actuator and its corresponding hand joint. This will allow series elastic actuation (SEA) to improve control and safely of the system. The Hand Rehabilitation Device requires multiple actuators. To stay within volume and weight constraints, it is therefore imperative to reduce the size, mass and efficiency of each actuator without losing power. A method was devised that allows small efficient actuating subunits to work together and produce a combined collective output. This work summation method was successfully implemented with Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) based actuators. The actuation, sensory, control system and human-machine interface concepts proposed were evaluated together using a single-joint electromechanical harness. This experimental setup was used with volunteer subjects to assess the potentials of a full-hand device to be used for therapy, assessment and function of the hand. The Rehabilitation Glove aims to bring significant new benefits for improving hand function, an important aspect of human independence. Furthermore, the developments in this project may one day be used for other parts of the body helping bring human-machine interface technology into the fields of rehabilitation and therapy.
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BILOTTA, STEFANO. « Pattern avoiding words and cross-bifix-free sets : a general approach ». Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/804481.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this thesis we determine an algorithmic unified approach, based on the concept of succession rule, for the construction and the enumeration, according to the number of ones, of binary words in {0, 1} having the number of 1’s greater than or equal to the number of 0’s, and which can be applied to any forbidden pattern.
Moreover, we extend this approach to the class of binary words in {0, 1} having the number of 1’s greater than or equal to the number of 0’s, and avoiding a set of forbidden patterns.
In the second line of research, succession rules are studied posing a specific relevance on their relationships with recurrence relations.
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Beland-Leblanc, Samuel. « Learning discrete word embeddings to achieve better interpretability and processing efficiency ». Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25464.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L’omniprésente utilisation des plongements de mot dans le traitement des langues naturellesest la preuve de leur utilité et de leur capacité d’adaptation a une multitude de tâches. Ce-pendant, leur nature continue est une importante limite en terme de calculs, de stockage enmémoire et d’interprétation. Dans ce travail de recherche, nous proposons une méthode pourapprendre directement des plongements de mot discrets. Notre modèle est une adaptationd’une nouvelle méthode de recherche pour base de données avec des techniques dernier crien traitement des langues naturelles comme les Transformers et les LSTM. En plus d’obtenirdes plongements nécessitant une fraction des ressources informatiques nécéssaire à leur sto-ckage et leur traitement, nos expérimentations suggèrent fortement que nos représentationsapprennent des unités de bases pour le sens dans l’espace latent qui sont analogues à desmorphèmes. Nous appelons ces unités dessememes, qui, de l’anglaissemantic morphemes,veut dire morphèmes sémantiques. Nous montrons que notre modèle a un grand potentielde généralisation et qu’il produit des représentations latentes montrant de fortes relationssémantiques et conceptuelles entre les mots apparentés.The ubiquitous use of word embeddings in Natural Language Processing is proof of theirusefulness and adaptivity to a multitude of tasks. However, their continuous nature is pro-hibitive in terms of computation, storage and interpretation. In this work, we propose amethod of learning discrete word embeddings directly. The model is an adaptation of anovel database searching method using state of the art natural language processing tech-niques like Transformers and LSTM. On top of obtaining embeddings requiring a fractionof the resources to store and process, our experiments strongly suggest that our representa-tions learn basic units of meaning in latent space akin to lexical morphemes. We call theseunitssememes, i.e., semantic morphemes. We demonstrate that our model has a greatgeneralization potential and outputs representation showing strong semantic and conceptualrelations between related words.
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Silva, André de Vasconcelos Santos. « Sparse distributed representations as word embeddings for language understanding ». Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18245.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Word embeddings are vector representations of words that capture semantic and syntactic
similarities between them. Similar words tend to have closer vector representations in a N
dimensional space considering, for instance, Euclidean distance between the points associated
with the word vector representations in a continuous vector space. This property, makes word
embeddings valuable in several Natural Language Processing tasks, from word analogy and
similarity evaluation to the more complex text categorization, summarization or translation tasks.
Typically state of the art word embeddings are dense vector representations, with low
dimensionality varying from tens to hundreds of floating number dimensions, usually obtained
from unsupervised learning on considerable amounts of text data by training and optimizing an
objective function of a neural network.
This work presents a methodology to derive word embeddings as binary sparse vectors, or word
vector representations with high dimensionality, sparse representation and binary features (e.g.
composed only by ones and zeros). The proposed methodology tries to overcome some
disadvantages associated with state of the art approaches, namely the size of corpus needed for
training the model, while presenting comparable evaluations in several Natural Language
Processing tasks.
Results show that high dimensionality sparse binary vectors representations, obtained from a
very limited amount of training data, achieve comparable performances in similarity and
categorization intrinsic tasks, whereas in analogy tasks good results are obtained only for nouns
categories. Our embeddings outperformed eight state of the art word embeddings in word
similarity tasks, and two word embeddings in categorization tasks.A designação word embeddings refere-se a representações vetoriais das palavras que capturam as similaridades semânticas e sintáticas entre estas. Palavras similares tendem a ser representadas por vetores próximos num espaço N dimensional considerando, por exemplo, a distância Euclidiana entre os pontos associados a estas representações vetoriais num espaço vetorial contínuo. Esta propriedade, torna as word embeddings importantes em várias tarefas de Processamento Natural da Língua, desde avaliações de analogia e similaridade entre palavras, às mais complexas tarefas de categorização, sumarização e tradução automática de texto. Tipicamente, as word embeddings são constituídas por vetores densos, de dimensionalidade reduzida. São obtidas a partir de aprendizagem não supervisionada, recorrendo a consideráveis quantidades de dados, através da otimização de uma função objetivo de uma rede neuronal. Este trabalho propõe uma metodologia para obter word embeddings constituídas por vetores binários esparsos, ou seja, representações vetoriais das palavras simultaneamente binárias (e.g. compostas apenas por zeros e uns), esparsas e com elevada dimensionalidade. A metodologia proposta tenta superar algumas desvantagens associadas às metodologias do estado da arte, nomeadamente o elevado volume de dados necessário para treinar os modelos, e simultaneamente apresentar resultados comparáveis em várias tarefas de Processamento Natural da Língua. Os resultados deste trabalho mostram que estas representações, obtidas a partir de uma quantidade limitada de dados de treino, obtêm performances consideráveis em tarefas de similaridade e categorização de palavras. Por outro lado, em tarefas de analogia de palavras apenas se obtém resultados consideráveis para a categoria gramatical dos substantivos. As word embeddings obtidas com a metodologia proposta, e comparando com o estado da arte, superaram a performance de oito word embeddings em tarefas de similaridade, e de duas word embeddings em tarefas de categorização de palavras.
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Groenewald, Phia. « Binary Response - film centre 001011 for the gasworks precinct ». Diss., 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25150.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Braamfontein, Johannesburg is being significantly overhauled. The community can soon reclaim the Egoli Gasworks, where that site will be declared as a brown field site seeking development opportunity and integration with its adjacent surroundings. The treatise explores the opportunities created by the reclaimed lost space of the Gasworks Precinct. The culturally significant industrial heritage of the site serves as starting point for the decision-making. Facilities and communities in direct adjacency to the site guide decision making regarding the function of new edifices in the precinct. The assessed surrounding characters solicited functions geared for a media and film orientated precinct. The Gauteng Film Office, in conjunction with Gauteng premier Mbhazima Shilowa and the MEC for finance and economic affairs, Jabu Moleketi, recently hosted a two-day film indaba at the Johannesburg council chambers in Braamfontein aimed at exploring avenues for making the film industry lucrative to both local and international filmmakers. The indaba addressed the challenges facing Gauteng and South Africa’s film industry, such as encouraging and promoting local filmmakers and actors, upgrading the skills of filmmakers, and marketing South African films so they appeal to an international audience. (Johannesburg News Agency: www.joburg.org.za;) A film centre, comprising of a museum and cinema is the chosen function for the design dissertation. The centre serves as a medium to draw people into the precinct and as a middling to communicate to the public. Both the museum and cinema serve as mediums to promote the South-African film industry locally and internationally. Consequently, the treatise design is a binary response to the influences posed by the cultural significant site of urban-industrial character, and that of an ever-changing world of digital film and video technologies. The investigation for the new architecture for the Film Centre explores the territories of film in the digital age, and its relevance in the making of place. Assessed existing patterns in the architectural landscape form the base of the design regarding form, scale and visual appropriateness.Dissertation (MArch (Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Architecture
unrestricted
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Hu, Chia Hsin, et 胡嘉欣. « Linear Work Function Modulation Using Hf-Mo Binary Metallic Alloys for Nanometer Device Application ». Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4qskyw.
Texte intégralRésumé :
碩士國立交通大學
電子工程系所
92
With the downscaling of CMOS gate length to 100 nm regime as well as the drastic thinning of gate oxide thickness, poly depletion effect and high gate resistance encountered in poly-silicon gates will be more pronounced. Metal gates can eliminate poly depletion effect and have lower gate resistance. In our experiment, HfxMo(1-x) films were deposited by co-sputtering to be observed as gate electrodes. The sputtering power of each target was varied to modulated the composition of alloy and then the metal work function. In this work, we select Hf and Mo to replace n+ and p+ poly-silicon, respectively, but the thermal stability of Hf is too poor to be served as gate electrode. Because Mo has excellent thermal stability, the use of HfxMo(1-x) alloy is expected to provide better thermal stability as well as to replace Hf gate electrode. Hf0.75Mo0.25 alloy provide suitable work function value (~ 4.15 eV) and better thermal stability (up to 400 ℃) so that the combination of Hf0.75Mo0.25 / Mo may be a new candidate for dual work function metal gate bulk CMOS technology in gate-last process. Furthermore, the linear work function modulation using binary alloy HfxMo(1-x) was achieved. Compared with non-linear Φm modulation, linear modulation behavior is a compromise between modulation efficiency and immunity to process variation. For nanometer devices, the required work function to be applied to low voltage application are 4.4 ~ 4.6 eV and 4.8 ~ 5.0 eV for N- and P-MOSFET, respectively. Linear work function modulation technique can be used to obtain appropriate work function values for nanometer devices threshold voltage control without implanting additional channel doping.
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Kinney, M. Killian. « Learning to Thrive in a Binary World : Understanding the Gendered Experiences of Nonbinary Individuals and Ways to Bolster Wellbeing ». Diss., 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/26477.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Traditionally, gender has been viewed through an essentialist lens with fixed biology-based traits or polarized gender norms between women and men. As awareness of gender diversity grows, increasingly more people identify as nonbinary – or not exclusively a man or woman. Despite a growing literature on the experiences of binary transgender individuals, little has been explored regarding experiences unique to nonbinary individuals. The research that does include nonbinary individuals focuses primarily on adverse risks and outcomes. As such, a dearth of empirical research exists to understand the unique experiences of nonbinary people and how they relate to wellbeing. A qualitative participatory action study using PhotoVoice was conducted virtually to address the identified gaps in the literature on nonbinary individuals concerning gendered experiences and wellbeing. Prevailing theories of wellbeing informed the study along with minority stress theory and the resilience literature to account for environmental factors of oppression and individual and community resilience. A sample of 17 nonbinary adults in the Midwestern United States was recruited using convenience sampling and participated in online group discussions and individual interviews. The findings were reported in sections corresponding with the three study aims: 1) Explore core dimensions of wellbeing as defined by nonbinary individuals, 2) Identify promotive and corrosive factors of that wellbeing, and 3) Provide recommendations to bolster nonbinary wellbeing. The findings provided a thorough description of how nonbinary individuals perceive their wellbeing concerning their gender and as part of a marginalized population. Thematic analysis identified nine wellbeing themes for how participants conceptualized their wellbeing (e.g., Exploring gender identity and expression, Being connected to community, etc.), seven themes of promotive and corrosive factors of wellbeing (e.g., Positive, accurate, and nuanced representation, Coping skills to manage minority stressors, etc.), and three themes of recommendations (e.g., personal, interpersonal, and professional) with eighteen strategies to bolster wellbeing among nonbinary individuals and communities. The significance of the findings to social work was discussed, including practice application and advocacy. This study contributes to PhotoVoice methodology, wellbeing literature, and trans literature.
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Pinter, Gene. « ThemTech : Digital Menstrual Tracking Practices Among Transgender, Non-Binary and Gender Diverse Users ». Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/223609.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis is an evaluation of digital menstrual tracking practices among transgender, non-binary, and gender-diverse users, broadening the scope of sociotechnical studies (STS) to investigate how disaggregated populations affect the producer-consumer metric. Utilising the collective methodological framework pioneered by Frigga Haug and the West German Women’s Socialist Association in the 1980s, participants were invited to “live historically” by narrativising their memories related to menstrual tracking and their transgender identity. From their stories, three key areas were identified as platforms upon which transgender users are both reinforcing and disrupting existing understandings of self-tracking. Through a deconstructionist reading of configuration, an examination of how self-tracking conflates juxtaposed identities, and an investigation into the collaborative efforts of transgender users, technology companies and medical professionals, this thesis offers an alternate understanding of the self in relation to actor-network theory.
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Hadravová, Jana. « Struktura ekvivalenčních množin ». Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-333779.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Title: Structure of equality sets Author: Jana Hadravová Department: Department of Algebra Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Štěpán Holub, Ph.D., Dept. of Algebra Abstract: Binary equality set of two morphisms g, h : ⌃⇤ ! A⇤ is a set of all words w over two-letter alphabet ⌃ satisfying g(w) = h(w). Elements of this set are called binary equality words. One of the important results of research on binary equality sets is the proof of the fact that each binary equality set is generated by at most two words provided that both morphisms g and h are non-periodic. Moreover, if a binary equality set is generated by exactly two words, then the structure of both generators, and therefore of the whole set, is uniquely given. This work presents the results of our research on the structure of binary equality sets with a single generator. Importantly, these generators can be decomposed into simpler structures. Generators which can not be further decomposed are called simple equality words. First part of the presented work describes the structure of simple equality words and introduces their detailed classification. The main result of the first part is a precise characterisation of su ciently large simple equality words. In the second part, the work describes the iterative process which transforms a general generator of a binary...
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Andersen, Emily Elizabeth. « “A PIECE OF THE ENDLESS BODY OF THE WORLD” : GENDER, IDENTITY, AND THE COEXISTENCE OF BINARY FORCES IN LOUISE ERDRICH’S THE LAST REPORT ON THE MIRACLES AT LITTLE NO HORSE, TRACKS, AND LOVE MEDICINE ». 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14414.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Louise Erdrich’s North Dakota series explores the historical and contemporary hardships faced by aboriginals. Her novels center on the families that live on the fictional reservation of Little No Horse and the communal and personal fragmentation that occurs as a result of colonization. Focusing on three of the novels in Erdrich’s North Dakota works, I identify the different ways in which Erdrich’s characters respond to the imposition of Western values. To frame my thesis, I focus on Dee Horne’s examination of subversive and colonial mimics. By examining the various responses to the colonization of the reservation, Erdrich’s novels reveal the possibilities of reconstructing Native communities. I identify the ways in which Erdrich exposes the similarities that exist between traditional Native spirituality and Catholicism which in turn suggests the ways in which a harmonious balance can be achieved between these two cultures.
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Kuřinová, Petra. « Polynomiální algoritmus pro binární PCP ». Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-326557.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Post correspondence problem, introduced in 1946 by Emil Post, is an important example of undecidable problem. Therefore PCP figures in pro- ofs of some results in theory of formal languages, matrix theory and other. The decidability of the Post correspondence problem proved Ehrenfeucht, Karhumäki and Rozenberg in the 1980s and Halava, Harju and Hirvensalo in 2002 ended the proof. Eight years later was verified that the solution can be found even in polynomial time. The main goal of this diploma thesis is to describe this algorithm in detail and to implement it in a web application. The thesis also introduces basics of com- binatorics on words and some facts about PCP and produces some interesting examples of instances of PCP. Keywords: Post correspondence problem, generalized Post correspondence problem, binary PCP, polynomial algorithms on words, successors of morphisms 1
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Williams, Aaron Michael. « Shift gray codes ». Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1966.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Combinatorial objects can be represented by strings, such as 21534 for the permutation (1 2) (3 5 4), or 110100 for the binary tree corresponding to the balanced parentheses (()()). Given a string s = s1 s2 sn, the right-shift operation shift(s, i, j) replaces the substring si si+1..sj by si+1..sj si. In other words, si is right-shifted into position j by applying the permutation (j j−1 .. i) to the indices of s. Right-shifts include prefix-shifts (i = 1) and adjacent-transpositions (j = i+1). A fixed-content language is a set of strings that contain the same multiset of symbols. Given a fixed-content language, a shift Gray code is a list of its strings where consecutive strings differ by a shift. This thesis asks if shift Gray codes exist for a variety of combinatorial objects. This abstract question leads to a number of practical answers.
The first prefix-shift Gray code for multiset permutations is discovered, and it provides the first algorithm for generating multiset permutations in O(1)-time while using O(1) additional variables. Applications of these results include more efficient exhaustive solutions to stacker-crane problems, which are natural NP-complete traveling salesman variants. This thesis also produces the fastest algorithm for generating balanced parentheses in an array, and the first minimal-change order for fixed-content necklaces and Lyndon words.
These results are consequences of the following theorem: Every bubble language has a right-shift Gray code. Bubble languages are fixed-content languages that are closed under certain adjacent-transpositions. These languages generalize classic combinatorial objects: k-ary trees, ordered trees with fixed branching sequences, unit interval graphs, restricted Schr oder and Motzkin paths, linear-extensions of B-posets, and their unions, intersections, and quotients. Each Gray code is circular and is obtained from a new variation of lexicographic order known as cool-lex order.
Gray codes using only shift(s, 1, n) and shift(s, 1, n−1) are also found for multiset permutations. A universal cycle that omits the last (redundant) symbol from each permutation is obtained by recording the first symbol of each permutation in this Gray code. As a special case, these shorthand universal cycles provide a new fixed-density analogue to de Bruijn cycles, and the first universal cycle for the "middle levels" (binary strings of length 2k + 1 with sum k or k + 1).