Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Belgian Foreign participation »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Belgian Foreign participation"
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Vanhoonacker, Sophie. « La Belgique : responsable ou bouc émissaire de l'échec des négociations Fouchet ? » Res Publica 31, no 4 (30 décembre 1989) : 513–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v31i4.18859.
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On 17 April 1962, Genera! de Gaulle's proposal to establish a political union between the six EC Member States, better known as the 'Fouchet Proposal', was vetoed by Belgium and The Netherlands who made their further support dependent on British participation in the negotiations on a political union.This article examines the position of Belgium, represented by its Minister for Foreign Affairs, Mr. P-H. Spaak and more particularly its evolution from a rather favourable position to a rejection of the project. The contradictory Belgian demand for a more supranational political union at the same time as British membership can be considered in the light of Belgium's wish to promote both the process of European integration and the principle of Atlantic solidarity, the basis of its security. The article describes how the final deathblow to the negotiations was not given by Belgium and The Netherlands but by the French veto of British accession to the EC and the signing of the Franco-German Cooperation Treaty of Elysee in ]anuary 1963.
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Smits, Jozef. « De spreiding van betogingen in België ». Res Publica 37, no 1 (31 mars 1995) : 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v37i1.18691.
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In this article the spread of demonstrations - a political activity that situates itself in the middle on the scale of conventional - unconventional political action - is studied. The rare survey of the effective participation in demonstrations in Belgium shows that it is rather high. An extensive minority of some 20 to 25% ofthe Belgians declares to have participated in a demonstration. These figures modify the image of the passive, indifferent citizen that research of conventional political participation has shown. The spread of the participation in demonstrations according to age and professional activity, moreover, differs from the pattern found in conventional participation. Demonstrating is typical behaviour of the younger age-categories and therefore of students, but also of farmers, blue collar workers and lower-ranked white collar workers.From this survey follow a number of results connected to the use of demonstrations and the number of demonstrators during the period 1953-74. Related statistics indicate that the number of demonstrations and demonstrators increases, the latter not to the same extent as the farmer however. Furthermore it appears that students, labor unions and agricultural organizations have often come to the streets to enforce their demands. Thematically speaking, particularly problems related to traditional cleavages in Belgian polities have been theobject of demonstrations: ideological, socio-economic and linguistic issues. Organizations active in the area of this cleavages are able to mobilize a great number ofdemonstrators. These organizations are for the most part pillarized and structurally well-developed. Nevertheless the division between issues and organizations during the period 1953-74 has become less unequal. During the sixties and the early seventies the share of traditional cleavages in the number of demonstrations and demonstrators is becoming smaller. New organizations areusing demonstrations more and more to put new issues (environment, foreign policy, quality ofdemocracy, etc.) on the political agenda. They have, however, not the same power to mobilise as do the pillarized organizations.
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G.M., Mendikulova, Tumabayev T.S. et Koblandin K.I. « New findings under state grant of “Kazakhs in the Second World War : new documents from foreign archives” (2018-2020) ». Bulletin of the Karaganda university History.Philosophy series 110, no 2 (30 juin 2023) : 176–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023hph2/176-189.
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The participation of Kazakhs in the movement of resistance in Europe is a glorious page of both Kazakh and European history. The study and use of archival documents that shed light on the participation of Kazakhs in the fight against fascism, on the fate of people who were captured by the fascists, the discovery of the burials of fallen heroes, the restoration of the names of people who were officially considered missing, is an important part of the formation and preservation of the historical memory of the Kazakh people. Complex interdisciplinary study of the problems of the participation of Kazakhs in the Second World War in European countries, is a priority task of the International Research Project “Kazakhs in the Second World War: new documents from foreign archives” under the leadership of a doctor of historical sciences, professor G.M. Mendikulova. In the article, documents about the participation of Kazakhs in the movement of resistance in Europe, identified by the authors in foreign archives, are analyzed. Thousands of Soviet people, prisoners of war and civilians, who were taken to the West by the fascists, ended up in camps, forced labor in Belgian mines, factories, and farms. However, many of them did not accept their participation. People entered into an unequal struggle with fascist invaders, escaped from concentration camps, created partisan detachments. They defeated the enemy together with European patriots. The testimonies of eyewitnesses, certificates, reports on the actions of partisan detachments, documents on losses and burials found in the archives allow to restore and make public the history of the exploits of Kazakhs who heroically fought against fascism in Europe
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Gul-Rechlewicz, Violetta. « Poles in Belgium and the question of rebirth of an independent Polish state ». Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 202, no 4 (15 décembre 2021) : 639–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6125.
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The issue of the participation of Polish political emigration in the struggle for freedom and its comprehensive activity in the political, scientific and cultural spheres are reflected in the Polish (European) history, thus providing valuable research material for future generations. Polish post-partition emigres, especially after the major national uprisings, was concentrated mainly in France, England and Belgium. Polish emigration in Belgium, similar to some extent to emigration in France – albeit smaller in number – was constituted by the Polish colony, represented, among others, by soldiers seeking refuge after the November Uprising (including several dozen officers, e.g. Ignacy Kruszewski, Feliks Prot de Pruszyński, Jan Zygmunt Skrzynecki, Władysław Zamoyski) and representatives of culture and science, Joachim Lelewel (an outstanding Polish historian, spiritual guide in an exile democratic camp), Stanisław Worcell (thinker and social activist of the Great Emigration) and many other outstanding Poles. The aim of this article is to present the role of Polish emigration in Belgium, its contribution to the struggle for Poland’s independence, and to draw attention to the scholarly dispute surrounding the Great Emigration between Polish and Belgian historians regarding the effects of “politics in exile” and the question of the heroism of Polish patriots in exile. These considerations are a contribution to a broader discussion and an encouragement to a deeper penetration of the literature (source materials) on the Great Emigration, especially, if it concerns Belgium, available in foreign languages – French and Dutch.
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Deneva, Aneta, et Jānis Grasis. « Bulgarian Mining Industry between Tradition and Innovation ». E3S Web of Conferences 174 (2020) : 01026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017401026.
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Extractive activities are traditional for the Bulgarian economy and are part of the economic activity of the population since the establishment of the Bulgarian state. As an autonomous sector of the economy, they are approved after 1878. The initial extractive activities are carried out with the direct participation of foreign capital, mainly French, German and Belgian. The extraction of raw materials has always been among the priority economic areas. Not surprisingly with the first economic laws adopted by the Bulgarian Government is supported its development. A typical example in this respect is the law on the promotion of the local industry since 1909. Among the promotion activities are mining, metal industry, as well as the quarry and that for the processing of soil materials. The mining industry is an indispensable part of the structure of the Bulgarian economy, regardless of its transformations.
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Wilkens, Andreas. « Vom Rhein bis zum Kongo. Französisch-deutsche Wirtschaftsprojekte und Politik in Afrika 1950-1959 ». Revue d’Allemagne et des pays de langue allemande 31, no 3 (1999) : 481–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reval.1999.4137.
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The French governments of the 1950s considered the African territories as a sort of economic Hinterland which, however, demanded immense efforts of development to become profitable. Quite soon, their own limited resources made it clear that foreign capital was needed. First, the mineral resources in Northern Africa, and then industrial and agricultural projects in Western and Equatorial Africa attracted interest. German business circles remained sceptical. Only from 1954/55 onwards did they seriously consider participation on a larger scale. An even greater involvement was prevented by internal resistance on the French side as well as by growing uncertainty regarding the political framework. The hesitant move towards an economic opening nevertheless represented the first stage as well as the condition for the association of the French and Belgian Territories with the European Economic Community, confirmed in 1957 by the Treaties of Rome.
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Peeters, Ward, et Marilize Pretorius. « Facebook or fail-book : Exploring “community” in a virtual community of practice ». ReCALL 32, no 3 (7 avril 2020) : 291–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0958344020000099.
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AbstractCreating collaborative working and learning experiences has long been at the forefront of computer-assisted language learning research. It is in this context that, in recent years, the integration of social networking sites and Web 2.0 in learning settings has surged, generating new opportunities to establish and explore virtual communities of practice (VCoPs). However, despite the number of studies on the concept, research remains inconclusive on how learners develop a sense of community in a VCoP, and what effect this may have on interaction and learning. This research project proposes to use social network analysis, part of graph theory, to explore the configuration of a set of VCoPs, and presents an empirical approach to determine how interaction in such communities takes shape. The present paper studies the concept of “community” in two VCoPs on Facebook. Participants (Group 1: N = 123, Group 2: N = 34) in both VCoPs are enrolled in English as a foreign language courses at two Belgian institutions of higher education. Social network analysis is used to show how both learner groups establish and develop a network of peers, and how different participants in those groups adopt different roles. Participation matrices reveal that interaction mainly revolves around a number of active key figures and that certain factors such as the incorporation of online and offline assignments and the inclusion of a teacher online result in varying levels of success when establishing collaborative dialogue within the VCoPs. Recommendations are formulated to inform and improve future practice.
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Motuz, Mariia. « Jan Zamojski as a Representative of the Belz Voivodeship at the Warsaw Convocation Sejm in 1573 ». Kyiv Historical Studies 13, no 2 (21 décembre 2021) : 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2021.211.
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The main purpose of the article is to study the position of Jan Zamojski as the sole ambassador of the Belz Voivodeship at the Warsaw Convocation Sejm in 1573. Such work will provide a better understanding of the sejm activities of the nobility of the Belz land in the late 16th century. The methodological basis of the article is the general scientific methods of critical analysis and synthesis. Among the special historical methods can be distinguished historical-comparative and problematic-chronological approaches. Legislative achievements of the pre-convocation sejms of Belz, Kalisz, Krakow, Poznan and Sandomierz voivodeship, resolutions of the Warsaw Convocation Sejm in 1573 and private correspondence of Jan Zamoyski in this period were used as a source base. Comparing the provisions of the instructions of the Belz pre-convocation sejm with the proposals of Wielkopolska and Malopolska ambassadors, as well as analysing Zamoyski’s letters at this time, we came to the conclusion that the views of the Ukrainian voivodeship largely coincided with those of Wielkopolska and Malopolska. In particular, in the instructions adopted in Belz, Wisla and Schröd, we come across mentions of necessity to agree on the time, place of election and form of participation of the nobility in this process, as well as to determine the principles of domestic and foreign policy for the interregnum. In addition, the Belgian ambassador Zamoysky in a letter to the provincial officer of the Ruthenian voivodeship Yakub Herburt put forward the idea of a common Sejm for all Ukrainian lands. In part, such statements can be interpreted as a rhetorical tool that helped Zamoyski achieve the main political goal at the time — to expand the circle of his supporters in different regions of the Commonwealth.
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Khorosheva, Aleksandra. « Socialist Jules Destrée at the Head of Belgian Diplomatic Mission in Russia, August 1917 – March 1918 ». Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no 5 (2021) : 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640016556-9.
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The article examines the diplomatic mission of the Belgian socialist Jules Destrée to Russia in August 1917 – March 1918. He was appointed to Petrograd at the height of internal political changes in Russia when the country began its withdrawal from World War I. Following the previously set goal of participating in the war to the victorious end, Belgium tried to keep Russia as an ally, expecting that as her neutrality guarantor it will render assistance in restoring Belgian political independence. Furthermore, one of the urgent problems was to take care of Belgian companies and enterprises in Russia, their workers and employees who were in Russia. To achieve these goals, the Belgian Foreign Ministry attempted to establish a dialogue with the new Bolshevik government, appointing as its official ambassador a left-wing politician instead of a professional diplomat. He was well-known for his patriotism and his views about the necessity to continue the war to the end. The analysis of diplomatic documents and J. Destrée’s private notes allows the author to identify the diplomatic strategy pursued by the Belgian government, the specifics of the tasks assigned to the diplomat, and the fruits of his mission. The author concludes that Destrée’s mission failed due to the lack of understanding of the Russian internal contradictions on the part of the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs which could not be counterbalanced by the ambassador’s political views.
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Croux, Flore, Dorien Brosens, Stijn Vandevelde et Liesbeth De Donder. « Foreign National Prisoners in Flanders (Belgium) : Motivations and Barriers to Participation in Prison Programmes ». European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 25, no 2 (22 février 2018) : 171–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10610-018-9372-7.
Texte intégralThèses sur le sujet "Belgian Foreign participation"
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Nikolic, Louise. « Registration of foreign residents for municipal elections :A mixed-methods study of the 2012 municipal elections in Belgium ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/259551.
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This dissertation focuses on the issue of registration of foreign residents (EU and non-EU) for the 2012 local elections in Belgium. The goal of this study is twofold. First, it aims at identifying and analyzing the factors explaining variations in foreigners’ registration between municipalities. The second objective is to understand how and why these explanatory factors have an impact on their decision to register. A mixed-methods approach is used to provide a broad and comprehensive picture of the registration of foreign citizens. It is assumed that foreigners’ registration rates for municipal elections vary according to the formal and discursive political opportunities at the local level. I also argue that the political opportunities approach needs to be combined with other predictors that are specific to migrant groups. The quantitative results indicate that the presence of a left-wing mayor in the municipality displays a strong positive and significant association with both EU and non-EU registration. Moreover, the results provide a strong support for the hypothesis relating to outreach actions: municipalities organizing many foreign voter outreach actions are more likely to achieve high foreigners’ registration rates than municipalities that organize no action or only a limited number. In addition, the findings show that foreigners’ registration does not depend only on political opportunities, but also on specific characteristics of foreigners relating to their migration process. First, the residential instability has a negative impact on both EU and non-EU registration. Second, municipalities with a high percentage of non-EU residents with the nationality of a country where one of the languages spoken is French or Dutch are slightly more likely to achieve high registration of non-EU nationals. It has been shown that political context matters for foreigners’ registration, but several questions emerge about the way it does matter. Based on the statistical results, three typical and three deviant municipalities were selected to disentangle the causal mechanisms between the presence of a left-wing mayor and foreigners’ registration on the one hand, and between the organization of outreach actions and foreigners’ registration on the other hand. The qualitative part of this study examines the theoretically widely supported, but empirically understudied assumption that citizens perceive opportunities in their socio-political context, and that their perception influence whether or not they will register on electoral lists. It emphasizes the interactions between actors and the political context and it takes into account causal mechanisms that link macro-level political opportunities and micro-level electoral participation. The case studies demonstrate that the decision to register does not always depend directly on perceived favorable political context but that more subtle and indirect elements such as the perception of the municipal climate as welcoming and the feeling of integration, influence greatly registration and should therefore receive more attention.Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Livres sur le sujet "Belgian Foreign participation"
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Ch'oe, Kyŏng-sik. Mirae rŭl hyanghan tongbanja Han'guk, Pelluksŭ : Pelgie, Luksemburŭk'ŭgun 6.25 chŏnjaeng ch'amjŏnsa. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi : Kukka Pohunch'ŏ, 2011.
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Ch'oe, Kyŏng-sik. The partnership for the future, the Bel-Lux and Korea : A history of the Bel-Lux forces' participation in the Korean War. Seoul, R.O.K : Ministry of Patriots & Veterans Affairs, Republic of Korea, 2011.
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Muir, Rory. Britain and the defeat of Napoleon, 1807-1815. New Haven : Yale University Press, 1996.
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Pivka, Otto. Dutch-Belgian Troops of the Napoleonic Wars. Osprey Publishing, 1992.
Trouver le texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Belgian Foreign participation"
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Batrova, Tatiana, et Vladimir Zaitsev. « Insurance as a way of protection against terrorist risks ». Dans East – West : Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.nakt8713.
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The risks of property losses caused by terrorist activities have not been isolated by insurers for a very long time. The situation has changed dramatically due to the events of September 11, 2001, which demonstrated the need to form a new approach to solving the problem of insurance coverage of damage caused by terrorist attacks. Accordingly, the purpose of this particular study was to determine the optimal model of insurance against terrorist risks. Therefore, several approaches, based on the analysis of Russian and foreign legislation, to solving this problem have been identified. At the same time, reinsurance has become a common mechanism aimed at protecting the interests of insurers, which in most cases is carried out with the participation of the state. However, state resources are formed for these purposes and are used in such cases in different ways. The targeted use of funds is ensured through the use of special funds, the funds of which in some states (France, Israel) are formed at the expense of targeted tax deductions. In addition, differences can be traced in the scope and procedure of State participation in covering the damage caused. In some countries (for example, in Belgium), this obligation arises only if the problem cannot be solved through a reinsurance system.