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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « BE. Information economics »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "BE. Information economics"

Lugachev, Mihail. « Information Revolutions, Economics and Economic Education ». Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2017, n^o 4 (31 août 2017) : 142–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201747.

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The concept of permanent revolution was formulated in the XIX century became a subject of constant debate in humanities circle. In contrast-scientific and technological revolutions are natural components at all steps of human development. Their permanence is commonly recognized imperative, followed by numerous confirmations with a convincing inevitability. Information and industrial revolutions taking place now in the world are such evidences. Experts declare today the fourth industrial revolution. Peter Drucker fairly predicted the fourth information revolution. It is interesting that the most important trait of both revolutions is the artificial intelligence which functions in the sphere of Big Data and Internet of Things. The application field (not the only) is the economy-its structure and content. Experts state the emergence of information capitalism and the information economy — innovations obtaining special and revolutional traits. The article is devoted to analysis of main components of the innovations and offers the ways how they should be reflected in the curriculum for modern economists and managers.

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Jensen, Jesper Bo. « Information Economics ». Biblioteksarbejde, n^o 37 (13 juin 2018) : 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/bibarb.v0i37.106237.

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Kamenica, Emir. « Information Economics ». Journal of Political Economy 125, n^o 6 (décembre 2017) : 1885–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/694628.

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Hrubý, J. « Nutrition economics &ndash ; important source of information ». Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 48, No. 4 (29 février 2012) : 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5301-agricecon.

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Egbert, Henrik, Teodor Sedlarski et Alexander B. Todorov. « FOUNDATIONS OF CONTEMPORARY ECONOMICS : GEORGE STIGLER AND THE CHICAGO SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS – ON PRICE THEORY AND INFORMATION ECONOMICS ». Economic Thought journal 67, n^o 4 (11 octobre 2022) : 452–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.56497/etj2267403.

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George Josef Stigler is known as the scientist who strongly influenced the formation of the Chicago School of Economics. He promoted the idea of expanding price theory beyond the boundaries of economics and developed it into a universal model for the analysis of human behaviour, known as the economic approach to human behaviour. His research inspired the Public Choice literature and the Economic Theory of Law. Besides, Stigler made numerous contributions which nowadays are integral parts of economic theory. In this essay we summarize some of Stigler’s outstanding contributions, particularly his work on information economics and the economic theory of regulation.

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Stiglitz, J. E. « Economics of information and the theory of economic development ». Brazilian Review of Econometrics 5, n^o 1 (1 avril 1985) : 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/bre.v5n11985.3129.

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Fortunato, David, Clint S. Swift et Laron K. Williams. « All Economics is Local : Spatial Aggregations of Economic Information ». Political Science Research and Methods 6, n^o 3 (20 juin 2016) : 467–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2016.26.

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National economic indicators play a foundational role in political economic research, particularly in regards to electoral politics. Yet, scholars have failed to recognize that national economic indicators are simply aggregations of local economic information, and the manner in which they are aggregated may not be consistent with the process voters use to acquire, access, and incorporate economic information. We argue that the economic similarities among localities, and the way in which the media report on these similarities, provide more theoretically satisfying means of specifying how local information aggregates into an overall portrait of the national economy. We introduce a novel estimation procedure called the spatial-X ordered logit that offers the chance to model how voters’ evaluations respond to changes in contextualized economic information. Our results support our theory that voters incorporate economic information from other localities with similarly structured economies and in ways that are shaped by media messages. Furthermore, these two specifications offer greater explanatory power than national indicators and other geographical means of aggregating economic information. We conclude by offering a number of implications for research questions ranging from electoral accountability to spatial diffusion processes.

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Udriste, Constantin, et Ionel Tevy. « Information Geometry in Roegenian Economics ». Entropy 24, n^o 7 (5 juillet 2022) : 932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24070932.

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We characterise the geometry of the statistical Roegenian manifold that arises from the equilibrium distribution of an income of noninteracting identical economic actors. The main results for ideal income are included in three subsections: partition function in distribution, scalar curvature, and geodesics. Although this system displays no phase transition, its analysis provides an enlightening contrast with the results of Van der Waals Income in Roegenian Economics, where we shall examine the geometry of the economic Van der Waals income, which does exhibit a “monetary policy as liquidity—income” transition. Here we focus on three subsections: canonical partition function, economic limit, and information geometry of the economic Van der Waals manifold.

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Fuhr, Joseph P., M. Jussawalla et H. Ebenfield. « Communication and Information Economics ». Southern Economic Journal 52, n^o 2 (octobre 1985) : 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1059653.

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Potts, Jason. « ThePrometheusschool of information economics ». Prometheus 21, n^o 4 (décembre 2003) : 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0810902032000144673.

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Thèses sur le sujet "BE. Information economics"

Stefani, Gianluca. « Economic aspects of information in environmental economics ». Thesis, University of York, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.489205.

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Information may resolve uncertainty and uncertainty is pervasive. Thus, seeking, producing and trading of information are common economic activities. This is also true in the economics of the environment and for the different stakeholders therein involved. The central aim of this research is to investigate some theoretical aspects of the value and effects of information in environmental economics. Information is valuable either as a decision aid in contexts where either health and environmental characteristics of goods are uncertain or as the object of direct valuation under different provision rules. In a choice context three questions arise providing grounds for empirical investigations.

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Noll, Robbie van der. « Essays on internet and information economics = Essays over internet en informatie economie / ». [Amsterdam] : Thela Thesis, 2007. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00193054.pdf.

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Nygren, Kjell. « Information-revelation in incomplete-information games / ». Connect to resource, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261398706.

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Martineau, Charles. « Essays in information economics ». Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62191.

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I present three essays on Information Economics. The first essay consists of analyzing high-frequency price dynamics around earnings announcements for the largest 1,500 U.S. stocks between 2011 and 2015. Price discovery following earnings surprises mostly occurs in the after-hours market, following the earnings announcement, and is generally complete by 10 a.m. Eighty percent of the price response to earnings surprises in the after-hours market occurs upon arrival of the first trades. Price reactions are largely explained by earnings surprises and not by order flow, consistent with the theoretical view that news can incorporate prices instantly. In the second essay, co-authored with Oliver Boguth and Vincent Grégoire, we show that in an effort to increase transparency, the Chair of the Federal Reserve now holds a press conference following some, but not all, Federal Open Market Committee announcements. Press conferences are scheduled independently of economic conditions and communicate little information. Evidence from financial markets demonstrates that investors lower their expectations of important decisions on days without press conferences, and we show that they shift attention away from these announcements. Both channels prevent effective monetary policy, as the committee is averse to surprising markets and aims to coordinate market expectations. Correspondingly, we show that announcements without press conferences convey less price-relevant information. In the third essay, co-authored with Adlai J. Fisher and Jinfei Sheng, we construct indices of media attention to macroeconomic risks including employment, growth, inflation and monetary policy. Attention rises around macroeconomic announcements and following changes in fundamentals over quarterly, annual, and business cycle horizons. The effect is asymmetric, with bad news raising attention more than good news. Increases in aggregate trade volume and volatility coincide with rising attention, controlling for announcements. Finally, changes in attention prior to the unemployment announcement predict both the announcement surprise and stock returns on the announcement day. We conclude that media attention to macroeconomic fundamentals provides useful information beyond the dates and contents of macroeconomic announcements.
Business, Sauder School of
Finance, Division of
Graduate

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Yoon, Yeochang. « Essays on Information Economics ». The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460549265.

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Jeong, Daeyoung. « Essays in Information Economics ». The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460984045.

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Redlicki, Bartosz Andrzej. « Essays in information economics ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/277513.

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This thesis consists of three essays in the field of information economics. The first essay studies manipulation of information by partisan media. The recent increase in partisan media has generated interest in what drives media outlets to become more partisan. I develop a model to study the role of diffusion of information by word of mouth. In the model, a media outlet designs an information policy, which specifies the level of partisan slant in the outlet’s news reports. The news spread via a communication chain in a population of agents with heterogeneous preferences. The slant has an impact on whether the agents find the news credible and on their incentives to pass the news to others. The analysis elucidates how partisanship of media can be driven by political polarisation of the public and by the tendency of people to interact with people with similar political views. The second essay, co-authored by Jakub Redlicki, investigates falsification of scientific evidence by interest groups. We analyse a game between a biased sender (an interest group) and a decision maker (a policy maker) where the former can falsify scientific evidence at a cost. The sender observes scientific evidence and knows that it will also be observed by the decision maker unless he falsifies it. If he falsifies, then there is a chance that the decision maker observes the falsified evidence rather than the true scientific evidence. First, we investigate the decision maker’s incentives to privately acquire independent evidence, which not only provides additional information to her but can also strengthen or weaken the sender’s falsification effort. Second, we analyse the decision maker’s incentives to acquire information from the sender. The third essay analyses competition between interest groups for access to a policy maker. I study a model of lobbying in which two privately-informed experts (e.g., interest groups) with opposite goals compete for the opportunity to communicate with a policy maker. The main objective is to analyse the benefits which competition for access brings to the policy maker as opposed to hiring an expert in advance. I show that competition for access is advantageous in that it provides the policy maker with some information about the expert who did not gain access and gives the experts an incentive to invest in their communication skills. On the other hand, hiring an expert in advance allows the policy maker to use a monetary reward to incentivise the expert to invest more in his communication skills.

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Wangenheim, Jonas von. « Essays in Information Economics ». Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19349.

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Diese Dissertation besteht aus drei unabhängigen Artikeln in dem Forschungsfeld der Informationsökonomik. Ein wiederkehrendes Motiv in allen drei Artikeln ist die ambivalente Rolle von privater Information. In Kontrast zur klassischen Entscheidungstheorie, in der mehr Informationen Individuen niemals schlechter stellt, analysiere ich drei verschiedene Umgebungen, in denen mehr Konsumenteninformation die Konsumentenrente verringern kann.
This dissertation comprises three independent chapters in the field of information economics. The recurrent theme of all three chapters is the ambiguous role of information: While in standard decision theory additional information enables individuals to weakly increase utility through making better choices, I analyze three di erent environments in which more information to consumers may actually be detrimental to consumer utility.

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Glynia, Nektaria Spyridoula <1993&gt. « Essays on Information Economics ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8280/3/PhD_Thesis_Glynia2022.pdf.

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This thesis consists of three essays on information economics. I explore how information is strategically communicated or designed by senders who aim to influence the decisions of a receiver. In the first chapter, I study a cheap talk game between two imperfectly informed experts and a decision maker. The experts receive noisy signals about the state and sequentially communicate the relevant information to the decision maker. I refine the self-serving belief system under uncertainty and Ι characterise the most informative equilibrium that might arise in such environments.In the second chapter, I consider the case where a decision maker seeks advice from a biased expert who cares also about establishing a reputation of being competent. The expert has the incentives to misreport her information but she faces a trade-off between the gain from misrepresentation and the potential reputation loss. I show that the equilibrium is fully-revealing if the expert is not too biased and not too highly reputable. If there is competition between two experts the information transmission is always improved. However, in cases where the experts are more than two the result is ambiguous, and it depends on the players’ prior belief over states.In the last chapter, I consider a model of strategic communication where a privately and imperfectly informed sender can persuade a receiver. The sender may receive favorable or unfavorable private information about her preferred state. I describe two ways that are adopted in real life situations and theoretically improve equilibrium informativeness given sender's private information. First, a policy that suggests symmetry constraints to the experiments' choice. Second, an approval strategy characterised by a low precision threshold where the receiver will accept the sender with a positive probability and a higher one where the sender will be accepted with certainty.

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KARAKOC, PALMINTERI GULEN. « ESSAYS ON INFORMATION ECONOMICS ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/198954.

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Questa tesi esplora il ruolo delle informazioni private in diversi scenari nella letteratura di economia dell'informazione. Il primo capitolo considera un ambiente di contrattazione verticale dinamico in cui un produttore si occupa di un rivenditore esclusivo per due periodi. Nel modello, un produttore progetta un contratto a lungo termine con un rivenditore che è informato privatamente della domanda e affronta la concorrenza da un concorrente integrato in futuro. I nostri risultati mostrano che la trasparenza con un operatore integrato danneggia i consumatori. Quando il concorrente non è un'impresa integrata, allora è il grado di persistenza della domanda a determinare se la transparenza avvantaggia, o meno, i consumatori. Il secondo capitolo affronta un semplice problema di progettazione dei meccanismi che descrive il comportamento ottimale di un paese preso di mira da un gruppo terroristico straniero. Il paese è incerto sulla forza dei terroristi e potrebbe decidere di acquisire tali informazioni dalla comunità che ospita i terroristi. Evidenziamo un nuovo compromesso tra il rafforzamento del target e le misure militari preventive volte a sradicare il problema alla radice. In contrasto con la letteratura esistente, i nostri risultati mostrano che è ottimale per il paese acquisire informazioni solo quando queste norme sono sufficientemente forti e quando le sue precedenti informazioni sulla forza dei terroristi sono sufficientemente scarse. L'ultimo capitolo analizza un modello di cheap talk in cui un decisore disinformato cerca consigli da uno o due esperti parzialmente informati i cui pregiudizi sono sconosciuti al decisore. Il nostro risultato suggerisce che chi prende le decisioni può trarre beneficio consultando un singolo esperto piuttosto che due esperti con pregiudizi sconosciuti. Questo risultato suggerisce che ottenere un secondo parere potrebbe non essere sempre utile per il processo decisionale.
This dissertation explores the role of private information under different scenarios in the literature of information economics. The first chapter considers a dynamic vertical contracting environment in which a manufacturer deals with an exclusive retailer for two periods. In the model, a manufacturer designs a long-term contract with a retailer who is privately informed about demand and faces competition by an integrated entrant in the future. Contrary to what intuition suggests, our results show that transparency with an integrated entrant harms consumers. When the entrant is not an integrated firm, whether transparency benefits consumers depends on the degree of demand persistency. The second chapter deals with a simple mechanism design problem that describes the optimal behavior of a country targeted by a foreign terrorist group. The country is uncertain about the terrorists' strength and may decide to acquire such information from the community hosting the terrorists. We highlight a novel trade-off between target hardening and preemptive military measures aimed at eradicating the problem at its root. In contrast with the existing literature, our results show that it is optimal for the country to acquire information only when these norms are strong enough and when its prior information about the terrorists' strength is sufficiently poor. The last chapter analyzes the effect of uncertain biases on strategic information transmission. We consider a simple cheap talk model in which an uninformed decision maker seeks advice from one or two partially informed experts whose biases are unknown to the decision maker. We show that the decision maker may benefit from consulting a single expert rather than two experts with unknown biases. This result suggests that getting second opinion may not be always helpful for decision making.

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Livres sur le sujet "BE. Information economics"

Monika, Bütler, dir. Information economics. Abingdon [England] : Routledge, 2007.

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Petit, Pascal, dir. Economics and Information. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3367-9.

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Friedman, Wolpert Joyce, dir. Economics of information. New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1986.

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Repo, Aatto J. Economics of information in information science. Espoo, Finland : Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1986.

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Camp, L. Jean, et Stephen Lewis, dir. Economics of Information Security. Boston : Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b116816.

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Conference, Indian Economic Association. Economics of asymmetric information. New Delhi : Deep & Deep Publications, 2006.

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Tangirala, Gowtham Kumar. Essays on Information Economics. [New York, N.Y.?] : [publisher not identified], 2021.

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K, Levine David, et Lippman Steven A, dir. The economics of information. Aldershot, Hants, England : E. Elgar, 1995.

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Information evolution and economics. Woodbury, NY : AIP Press, 1994.

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T, Hendershott, dir. Economics and information systems. Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2006.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "BE. Information economics"

Scapens, Robert W. « Information Economics ». Dans Management Accounting, 114–26. London : Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21348-1_8.

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Scapens, Robert W. « Information Economics ». Dans Management Accounting, 108–20. London : Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18054-7_8.

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Png, Ivan. « Asymmetric information ». Dans Managerial Economics, 247–68. 6^e éd. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003239857-14.

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Krugman, Paul, et Robin Wells. « »Uncertainty, Risk, and Private Information ». Dans Economics, 431–54. London : Macmillan Education UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-91968-0_19.

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Petit, Pascal. « Economics of Information or Economics of Information Systems ? » Dans Economics and Information, 17–31. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3367-9_2.

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Krugman, Paul, et Robin Wells. « »Technology, Information Goods, and Network Externalities ». Dans Economics, 519–37. London : Macmillan Education UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-91968-0_23.

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Spread, Patrick. « Economics and behavioural economics ». Dans Economics for an Information Age, 145–74. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series : Routledge frontiers of political economy ; 249 : Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429437014-6.

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Cartwright, Edward. « Learning from new information ». Dans Behavioral Economics, 206–49. 3rd Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018. | : Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315105079-5.

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Petit, Pascal. « Screening the Information Economy through Theories of Information ». Dans Economics and Information, 189–216. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3367-9_12.

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Hofmann, Oliver. « Incomplete Information ». Dans International Law and Economics, 101–222. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62525-2_6.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "BE. Information economics"

KENYON, CHRIS. « INFORMATION-RESOURCE ECONOMICS — THE INTERSECTION BETWEEN GRID ECONOMICS AND INFORMATION ECONOMICS ». Dans Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Grid Economics and Business Models. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812773470_0005.

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Noguchi, Mitsunori. « Economics of information ». Dans Third tohwa university international conference on statistical physics. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1291642.

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Karaçor, Zeynep, Mücahide Küçüksucu et Sevilay Konya. « An Evaluation of Turkish Economy's Performance Under the Information Economics ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02290.

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Economics is the art of providing unlimited human needs with scarce resources as it comes to teaching. Very few of these resources have been used in such a way that they are ready in nature. Almost all of the goods and services that can meet the needs are obtained by the application of human labor (labor force) and capital to commodity. In recent years, labor capital and commodity factors were first added to entrepreneurs and then technology. Thus, the system we call the production process emerges. This study based on the information economy, the information economics indicator with Turkey's latest data is intended to demonstrate the performance. First of all, after the conceptual framework of the information economics, its distinctive qualities and development process, the effects of these developments on societies and economies will be evaluated. For the intended purpose, indicators such as R&D activities and R&D personnel employment, patent application and registration numbers, number of scientific publications and access to information were examined in Turkish economy. Finally, Turkey made the comparison with developed countries in economic terms and has been observed that the desired level of the Turkish economy in terms of the information economics.

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Andriushchenko, Iana, et Tetyana Ivanenko. « INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE HOTEL BUSINESS ». Dans АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ СИСТЕМ : ОСОБЛИВОСТІ, ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ. Міжнародний центр наукових досліджень, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/mcnd-19.02.2021.economics.04.

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Yin, Zhengjie. « The Study of Economics of Information ». Dans 2010 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2010.5578356.

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Luan, Lan, et Xu-Kun Wang. « Understanding of the Information Economics Discipline ». Dans 2014 International Conference on Management Science and Management Innovation (MSMI 2014). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/msmi-14.2014.62.

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Azzopardi, Leif. « The economics in interactive information retrieval ». Dans the 34th international ACM SIGIR conference. New York, New York, USA : ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2009916.2009923.

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Krasnova, Tatyana, Alexander Dulesov, Alexander Pozdnyakov et Alexander Vilgelm. « Methodological Development of Socio-Economic Monitoring Information System at the Regional Economics ». Dans 2022 15th International Conference Management of large-scale system development (MLSD). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mlsd55143.2022.9934468.

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Кузнецова, Елена, Elena Kuznecova, Елена Тетунашвили et Elena Tetunashvili. « PROBLEMS OF TRANSITION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION TO THE INFORMATION SOCIETY ». Dans Mathematics in Economics. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c24b1cfe7c897.86541192.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems of the transition of the Russian Federation to the information society. The article defines the information society, shows its direct connection with economic security, as well as the reasons why our country has not yet entered the stage of the information society

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« Information for authors ». Dans 2007 6th Conference on Telecommunication Techno-Economics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ctte.2007.4389874.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "BE. Information economics"

Stiglitz, Joseph. Economics of Information and the Theory of Economic Development. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, février 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1566.

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Moser, William S. The Economics of Information Security. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, avril 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404567.

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Stiglitz, Joseph. The Revolution of Information Economics : The Past and the Future. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, septembre 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23780.

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Lusher, Lester, Winnie Yang et Scott Carrell. Congestion on the Information Superhighway : Does Economics Have a Working Papers Problem ? Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, août 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29153.

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Zilberman, David, Amir Heiman et B. McWilliams. Economics of Marketing and Diffusion of Agricultural Inputs. United States Department of Agriculture, novembre 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586469.bard.

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Specific Research Objective. Develop a theory of technology adoption to analyze the role of promotional tools such as advertising, product sampling, demonstrations, money back guarantees and warranties in inducing technological change. Use this theory to develop criteria for assessing the optimal use of marketing activities in launching new agricultural input technologies. Apply the model to analyze existing patterns of marketing budget allocation among promotional tools for various agricultural input industries in the United States and Israel. Background to the Topic. Marketing tools (money-back guarantees [MBG] demonstration, free sampling and advertising) are used extensively to induce the adoption of agricultural inputs, but there is little understanding of their impacts on the diffusion of new technologies. The agricultural economic literature on technology adoption ignores marketing efforts by the private sector, which may result in misleading extension and technology transfer policies. There is a need to integrate marketing and economic approaches in analyzing technology adoption, especially in the area of agricultural inputs. Major Conclusion. Marketing tools play an important role in reducing uncertainties about product performance. They assist potential buyers to learn both about objective features, about a product, and about product fit to the buyer's need. Tools, such as MBGs and demonstration, provide different information about product fit but also require different degrees of cost for the consumer. In some situations they can be complimentary and optimal strategy combines the use of both. In other situations there will be substitution. Sampling is used to reduce the uncertainty about non-durable goods. An optimal level of informational tools declines throughout the life of a product but stays positive at a steady state. Implications. Recognizing the heterogeneity of consumers and the sources of their uncertainty about new technologies is crucial to develop a marketing strategy that will enhance the adoption of innovation. When fit uncertainty is high, allowing an MBG option, as well as a demonstration, may be an optimal strategy to enhance adoption.

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Finkelshtain, Israel, et Tigran Melkonyan. The economics of contracts in the US and Israel agricultures. United States Department of Agriculture, février 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695590.bard.

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Research Objectives 1) Reviewing the rich economic literature on contracting and agricultural contracting; 2) Conducting a descriptive comparative study of actual contracting patterns in the U.S. and Israeli agricultural sectors; 3) Theoretical analysis of division of assets ownership, authority allocation and incentives in agricultural production contracts; 4) Theoretical analysis of strategic noncompetitive choice of agricultural production and marketing contracts, 5) Empirical studies of contracting in agricultural sectors of US and Israel, among them the broiler industry, the citrus industry and sugar beet sector. Background Recent decades have witnessed a world-wide increase in the use of agricultural contracts. In both the U.S. and Israel, contracts have become an integral part of production and marketing of many crops, fruits, vegetables and livestock commodities. The increased use of agricultural contracts raises a number of important economic policy questions regarding the optimal design of contracts and their determinants. Even though economists have made a substantial progress in understanding these issues, the theory of contracts and an empirical methodology to analyze contracts are still evolving. Moreover, there is an enormous need for empirical research of contractual relationships. Conclusions In both U.S. and Israel, contracts have become an integral part of production and marketing of many agricultural commodities. In the U.S. more than 40% of the value of agricultural production occurred under either marketing or production contracts. The use of agricultural contracts in Israel is also ubiquitous and reaches close to 60% of the value of agricultural production. In Israel we have found strategic considerations to play a dominant role in the choice of agricultural contracts and may lead to noncompetitive conduct and reduced welfare. In particular, the driving force, leading to consignment based contracts is the strategic effect. Moreover, an increase in the number of contractors will lead to changes in the terms of the contract, an increased competition and payment to farmers and economic surplus. We found that while large integrations lead to more efficient production, they also exploit local monopsonistic power. For the U.S, we have studied in more detail the choice of contract type and factors that affect contracts such as the level of informational asymmetry, the authority structure, and the available quality measurement technology. We have found that assets ownership and decision rights are complements of high-powered incentives. We have also found that the optimal allocation of decision rights, asset ownership and incentives is influenced by: variance of systemic and idiosyncratic shocks, importance (variance) of the parties’ private information, parameters of the production technology, the extent of competition in the upstream and downstream industries. Implications The primary implication of this project is that the use of agricultural production and marketing contracts is growing in both the US and Israeli agricultural sectors, while many important economic policy questions are still open and require further theoretical and empirical research. Moreover, actual contracts that are prevailing in various agricultural sectors seems to be less than optimal and, hence, additional efforts are required to transfer the huge academic know-how in this area to the practitioners. We also found evidence for exploitation of market powers by contactors in various agricultural sectors. This may call for government regulations in the anti-trust area. Another important implication of this project is that in addition to explicit contracts economic outcomes resulting from the interactions between growers and agricultural intermediaries depend on a number of other factors including allocation of decision and ownership rights and implicit contracting. We have developed models to study the interactions between explicit contracts, decision rights, ownership structure, and implicit contracts. These models have been applied to study contractual arrangements in California agriculture and the North American sugarbeet industry.

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Rosenblatt, David, Khamal Clayton, Henry Mooney, Cloe Ortiz de Mendívil, Ariel McCaskie, Victor Gauto, Anna-Kaye Walters, Monique Graham, Gisele Teixeira et Nirvana Satnarine-Singh. Caribbean Economics Quarterly : Volume 11, Issue 3 : Headwinds Facing The Post-Pandemic Recovery. Inter-American Development Bank, décembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004643.

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Just as Caribbean economies are emerging from the sharp recessions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, a confluence of external shocks now complicates the recovery. Commodity prices started rising in late 2021, and the Russian invasion of Ukraine in late February of this year disrupted supplies and led to further price increases. The macroeconomic effects are varied across the Caribbean, depending on each country's trade specialization. However, households across the region are feeling the impact on their purchasing power. In addition, the normalization of monetary policy in global financial centers is increasing the cost of external borrowing for governments, with knock-on effects for borrowing costs for firms and households. This edition of the Caribbean Economics Quarterly provides a regional overview of the impacts of these external shocks, as well as country chapters that provide more detailed country-level information.

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Arnott, Richard, Bruce Greenwald et Joseph Stiglitz. Information and Economic Efficiency. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, novembre 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w4533.

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Balsa, Ana, Juanita Bloomfield et Alejandro Cid. The Replication of a Parenting Behavioral Change Communication Intervention during the COVID-19 Pandemic : Too Much or Too Little Information ? Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, décembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004682.

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Parenting programs can improve experiences during the early years and generate long-term outcomes in variables such as employment, health, education, and salary. The need to scale up parenting programs has driven the implementation of interventions based on communication technologies and behavioral economics. This paper compares two impact evaluations of the Positive Parenting program in 2018 and a fully remote adaptation of the program in 2020. The evaluation of the first edition, which included an intensive face-to-face parenting workshop and emails, found significant increases in parental involvement and in the quality of child-caregiver interaction. The evaluation of the second edition of the program, which only included the sending of remote messages and was carried out in the context of the pandemic, does not find statistically significant effects, except in variables such as equal cooperation in parenting tasks within the household and socialization activities. The difference in results could be explained by the absence of an in-person workshop, the greater extension of the messages and the attention divided between multiple sources of stress and distractions observed during the second edition.

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Cuesta-Valiño, Pedro. Happiness Management. A Social Well-being multiplier. Social Marketing and Organizational Communication. Sous la direction de Rafael Ravina-Ripoll. Editorial Universidad de Sevilla, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/2022.happiness-management.

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On behalf of the Happiness University Network, we are pleased to present here an extract of the information concerning the universities working to generate the diffusion of this network. Specifically, with the support of the University of Salamanca and the Pontifical University of Salamanca the aim is to create a friendly and working environment for the dissemination and discussion of the latest scientific and practical developments in the fields of happiness economics, corporate wellbeing, happiness management and organisational communication. It also offers an opportunity for productive encounters, the promotion of collaborative projects and the encouragement of international networking. Below you will find papers related to: Economics of happiness, happiness management, organisational communication, welfare state economics, consumer happiness, leadership, social marketing, happiness management and SDGs, happiness management in human resource strategies, learning and competencies in happiness management, learning and competencies in social well-being, measurement and indicators of happiness and well-being and history of welfare economics.

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