Thèses sur le sujet « Attivatore »
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Piccolella, M. « Caratterizzazione del sistema attivatore del plasminogeno nella progressione metastatica del cancro prostatico umano ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/166305.
Texte intégralMILANA, PAOLA. « Single-site metal activator for enhancing curing efficiency and substituting zinc in rubber vulcanization process ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/381164.
Texte intégralRubber materials are nowadays used for many applications, ranging from shoes, adhesives, and gloves. Since most rubber is used to produce tires, both sulfur vulcanization and reinforcing fillers such as silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) are used to obtain highly performant tires. To enhance the rate of the curing process, activators (ZnO), accelerators (sulfenamides) and co-activators (fatty acids) are usually used. Zinc single site-based activator, previously developed and based on Zn (II) ions anchored on the SiO2 NPs through the formation of a metal complex, demonstrated to be more efficient than ZnO and to reduce the leaching phenomenon of Zn2+ ions, thus reducing the environmental impact. The aim of this research project was to achieve a complete knowledge of its catalytic activity, to tune and control the vulcanization efficiency and the mechanical behaviour of the final rubber nanocomposite (NC). To reach this objective the chemical nature of the zinc single site-based activator has been changed by following three strategies: ● change the ligand of the metal complex to study the activator’s vulcanization efficiency arising from the different coordination sphere of the metal centre; ● exploit a different localization of the metal centre on the filler surface or a different distribution of the activator in the polymer matrix to study the effect on the mechanical behaviour of the NC; ● change the metal of the complex, with the aim to reduce the zinc content in the rubber vulcanization process. In the first part of the research, the catalytic activity of the zinc single site-based activator has been investigated by changing the coordination sphere of the metal using different organic ligands. Depending on the stability of the metal complex formed, a different vulcanization efficiency was observed: a too high stability of the complex, like the one observed using sulphur ligands, hinders the participation of Zn2+ ions to the curing reaction. Instead, stable bonds but reactive towards the curing reactions, such as in the case of amino and carboxyl ligands, promote higher catalytic activity of the activator. Later on, the research focused on the study of the influence that the localization of the metal centre has on the mechanical behaviour of rubber NCs, underlying a strong relationship between the localization of Zn2+ ions and the density and distribution of crosslinks inside the polymer matrix. In order to study the influence on the NC mechanical behaviour, a different localization of the metal centre was achieved by using longer hydrocarbon chains-based ligands, and the different distribution of the activator in the polymer matrix was reached by assembling the activators NPs in supraparticles (SPs). Finally, the approach of localizing the metal centre on the filler surface was used to develop a new activator based on Fe (III) ions anchored on SiO2 NPs. Its vulcanization efficiency was tested, and promising results were obtained, since higher efficiency than ZnO was observed, making the iron single site-based activator a possible substitute of ZnO in the rubber production.
Fabbri, Riccardo. « Sviluppo di processi di geopolimerizzazione innovativi ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Trouver le texte intégralTINTO, BARBARA. « Due attivatori trascrizionali di Hansenula Polymorpha ». Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/242617.
Texte intégralMOSTONI, SILVIA. « From nanosized to single sites zinc-based activators for rubber vulcanization process ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241069.
Texte intégralRubber nanocomposites (NCs) are commonly used materials in tyres industries. Their mechanical properties are the combined result of the addition of reinforcing filler nanoparticles (NPs) and the vulcanization process. Sulphur vulcanization reaction is based on the formation of a chemical cross-link between polymer chains through mono-, bi- and poly-sulphide bridges. The enhancement of the vulcanization rate and cross-linking efficiency is achieved thanks to a complex catalytic system, composed of accelerators (as sulphenamides), activators (metal oxides) and co-activators (fatty acids). Zinc oxide (ZnO) is the primary industrial activator and a main role is recognized to zinc ions, able to influence both kinetic and mechanistic aspects of the reaction, through the shortening of sulphur bridges in the products (associated to higher cross-linking densities). Nevertheless, some drawbacks are connected to the low dispersion of ZnO, because of the low affinity with the rubber, such as the use of high ZnO amount in rubber (3-5 parts per hundred rubber) and environmental issues, due to zinc release during the lifecycle of tyres. In this scenario, the aim of the PhD project is the development of innovative zinc-based activators for rubber vulcanization process, to reduce the amount of microcrystalline ZnO used in the industrial process and to decrease the zinc leaching during the preparation and use of the material, keeping a high vulcanization efficiency. Thus, the introduction of more active zinc species in the form of reactive sites has been proposed. Starting from nanosized ZnO particles anchored onto surface silica particles (ZnO/SiO2), single zinc sites (Zn/SiO2) dispersed on silica were synthesized, to exploit the advantages derived from the higher distribution, while increasing the availability and reactivity of the activator towards the other vulcanization reagents. In the first part, the syntheses of the materials were studied and their properties deeply investigated, through structural, morphological and surface analyses. The formation of amorphous ZnO NPs with tunable zinc loading and size on silica was achieved exploiting an optimized sol-gel procedure, based on hydrolysis and condensation of a zinc precursor in a basic environment. Besides, isolated zinc(II) centres anchored to silica were synthesized in a two-step reaction, in which silica was pre-functionalized with a grafting agent ((3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, APTES) and then reacted with a zinc precursor. The experimental characterization suggested the coordination of each zinc isolated centres to two amine groups and two labile groups (hydroxide or nitrate), promoting a higher reactivity. Both ZnO/SiO2 and Zn/SiO2 were tested as activators in rubber NCs and compared to microcrystalline ZnO; higher vulcanization efficiencies and improved mechanical properties were achieved, with increased cross-linking densities, using half of the conventional amount of ZnO. Lately, the kinetic of the vulcanization reaction was studied thanks to a model approach, called “Model Compound Vulcanization” (MCV). This study highlighted that the vulcanization process proceeded with an improved kinetic and following different reaction mechanisms. In particular, Zn centres were proved to behave as heterogeneous catalytic sites during the reaction, with a potential impact on the reduction of zinc leaching from rubber NCs and a direct consequence on the cross-linking distribution of the vulcanized rubber NCs, evidenced through advanced morphological and mechanical analyses. Finally, the modulation of the structural parameters of the activators and the use into non-conventional systems, including anisotropic NPs reinforced NCs and organically modified polymers, demonstrated the possible modulation of their reactivity and the high versatility of the materials for applications into different systems.
Boato, Giulia <1991>. « "Music Makes You Move". I festival e gli eventi musicali come attivatori turistici ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12133.
Texte intégralCiciriello, Riccardo. « Ossidazione elettrocatalitica della lignina su schiume di Ni attivate ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21663/.
Texte intégralPegoraro, Andrea Celeste <1993>. « Welfare aziendale : analisi delle principali iniziative attivate nel mercato del lavoro danese ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13834.
Texte intégralCALCAGNO, ELISA. « Il ruolo del cGMP e di Aβ nei processi di formazione della memoria. Caratterizzazione di nuovi HAT attivatori per la terapia della malattia di Alzheimer ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/938046.
Texte intégralFerrucci, Marco. « Studio sperimentale di masselli per pavimentazioni ad elementi realizzati con materiali di riciclo ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Trouver le texte intégralGareggio, Anna <1995>. « Le opportunità per i giovani talenti del mondo coreutico : costruzione di un database e analisi del Corso di perfezionamento professionale attivato da Padova Danza ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18799.
Texte intégralSattin, Anna <1994>. « IL PASSAGGIO ALLA MAGGIORE ETA’ DEI MINORI STRANIERI NON ACCOMPAGNATI ALLA CONCLUSIONE DEL PERCORSO NEL SISTEMA DI ACCOGLIENZA : ANALISI DELLE PROGETTUALITA' ATTIVATE DAL COMUNE DI VENEZIA ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14948.
Texte intégralPagano, Mario Angelo Primo. « Dismantling the aberrant signaling network in chronic lymphocytic leukemia : PP2A and SHP-1 as promising targets for drug discovery ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426201.
Texte intégralLa fosforilazione proteica è una fondamentale modificazione post-traduzionale che regola virtualmente tutti i processi cellulari, permettendo alla cellula di rispondere a stimoli intra- ed extracellulari. Le protein chinasi e le protein fosfatasi sono i fattori principali coinvolti in questo processo dinamico e si localizzano a diversi livelli del signaling cellulare, e, sebbene tradizionalmente considerate opposte le une alle altre sotto il profilo funzionale, non raramente compartecipano per finemente modulare e opportunamente dirigere la trasduzione del segnale. Uno squilibrio di espressione e/o funzione di questi fattori si riflette sulla vita e il destino della cellula, cosa che frequentemente è alla base dell’insorgenza nocnhé l’evoluzione di un gran numenro di patologie. La leucemia linfatica cronica a cellule B (B Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, CLL), la più comune leucemia in occidente, non fa eccezione a tale paradigma e, sebbene la ricerca per lo più si è concentrata sull’anomala attività di diverse protein chinasi con lo sviluppo di promettenti farmaci di seconda linea, sempre più di frequente viene confermata l’ipotesi che la sopravvivenza e la resistenza all’apoptosis delle cellule tumorali dipende anche dalla ridotta espressione o funzionalità delle protein fosfatasi. A questo riguardo, la protein fosfatasi 2A (Protein Phosphatase 2A, PP2A) e la fosfatasi 1 contenente domini Src homology 2 (Src Homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) in questa patologia si dimostrano funzionalmente inibiti, ma che, quando opportunamente attivate farmacologicamente, inducono morte delle cellule tumorali. Nintedanib, un farmaco che agisce come inibitore 'angiochinasico”, e MP-0766, un nuovo analogo del fingolimod privo di azione immunosoppressiva, si sono dimostrati in grado di attivare SHP-1 e PP2A rispettivamente, permettendo inoltre di individuare un asse di signaling cellulare che provoca la morte di celle cellule leucemiche, potenzialmente rappresentando un nuovo paradigma per il trattamento della CLL, che ad oggi privilegia gli inibitori chinasici.
BESANA, Francesco. « Heat Rejection Problematic in SolarCombi+ System ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/607.
Texte intégralIn this study, firstly heat rejection components has been treated and then the entire SolarCombi+ model has been developed in order to help the design and control of such system. These components are in form of mathematical models, TRNSYS type, and guidelines for design and control are produced from results of numerously dynamic simulations applied to the entire SolarCombi+ system. A SolarCombi+ plant consists of solar collectors, hot water storage buffer, heat Thermally Driven Chiller, cooling tower, pumps, and distribution system so as to satisfy the space heating and cooling and, domestic hot water preparation. The combined use of solar energy for heating and cooling has the potential to upgrade solar thermal energy from mainly DHW provider to a major building energy supplier. Up to now thermally driven chillers were only available in higher power range. The new small scale sorption chillers are trying to open the market for small applications, which make up for the major part of heating and a constantly growing part of cooling demand in Europe. Thus, promoting small scale SolarCombi+ systems, the research activities will contribute considerably to achieving important energy policy goals of the European Union; in particular relating to the share of renewable energies and the security of energy supply in the EU. The potential for reduction in fossil fuel consumption associated with a better knowledge of renewable energy technologies provides the impetus for this project.
Cantafio, Patrizia, Marcello Canonaco et Tommaso Angelone. « <> ; catestatina migliora la risposta Frank-Starling in cuori di ratto normotesi e ipertesi agendo come attivatore fisiologico del pathway trasduzionale ossido nitrico-dipendente ». Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10955/1470.
Texte intégralThe myocardial response to mechanical stretch (Frank-Starling law) is an important physiological cardiac determinant. Modulated by many endogenous substances, it is impaired in the presence of cardiovascular pathologies and during senescence. Catestatin (CST: hCgA352-372), a 21-amino-acid derivate of Chromogranin A (CgA), displays hypotensive/vasodilatory properties and counteracts excessive systemic and/or intra-cardiac excitatory stimuli (e.g., catecholamines and endothelin-1). CST, produced also by the myocardium, affects the heart by modulating inotropy, lusitropy and the coronary tone through a Nitric Oxide (NO)-dependent mechanism. This study evaluated the putative influence elicited by CST on the Frank-Starling response of normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and hypertensive (SHR) hearts by using isolated and Langendorff perfused cardiac preparations. Functional changes were evaluated on aged (18-month-old) WKY rats and SHR which mimic human chronic heart failure (HF). Comparison to WKY rats, SHR showed a reduced Frank-Starling response. In both rat strains, CST administration improved myocardial mechanical response to increased end-diastolic pressures. This effect was mediated by EE/IP3K/NOS/NO/cGMP/PKG, as revealed by specific inhibitors. CST-dependent positive Frank-Starling response is paralleled by an increment in protein S-Nitrosylation, AKT/eNOS/nNOS and PLN phosphorylations. Our data suggested CST as a NO dependent physiological modulator of the stretch-induced intrinsic regulation of the heart. This may be of particular importance in the aged hypertrophic heart, whose function is impaired because of a reduced systolic performance accompanied by delayed relaxation and increased diastolic stiffness.
Università della Calabria
CHIARELLI, Roberto. « Strategie di difesa attivate in risposta a stress, in embrioni di Paracentrotus lividus ». Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/93443.
Texte intégralSea urchin embryos are able to activate different defense strategies against stress. This model system allows to investigate numerous phenomena in multipotent cells, which interact among themselves, in their natural position, bypassing the disadvantages of isolated cells, deprived of their normal network. Cadmium (Cd) treatment triggers the accumulation of metal in embryonic cells and the activation of defense systems depending on concentration and exposure time, through the synthesis of heat shock proteins and/or the initiation of apoptosis. Here we show that Paracentrotus lividus embryos exposed to subacute/sublethal concentrations of Cd adopt autophagy as an additional stratagem to safeguard the developmental program and that a temporal/functional relationship between autophagy and apoptosis exists. In this work we employed Cd as a stressor for the induction of autophagy purely as a toxic insult and it in no way constitutes an environmental stressor, as the concentration of Cd is many orders of magnitude higher than would be found in a polluted situation. Using colorimetric and fluorimetric acidotropic dyes we found that embryos exposed to Cd display massive punctiform spots in the cytoplasm, indicative of acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs). Furthermore these data were validated through both protein gel blotting and immunofluorescence in situ analysis of LC3, a specific marker of autophagy. We found that in P. lividus embryos autophagic processes occur in greater amounts after Cd exposure and in specific phases of the physiological development. These results have been confirmed using bafilomycin A1 and 3-methyladenine, known inhibitors of this process. In particular we observed that embryos treated with sublethal Cd concentration activate a massive autophagic response after 18h, which decreases between 21 and 24 h, in the opposite of apoptotic process. In order to investigate a possible temporal relationship between autophagy and apoptosis, we tested apoptotic signals by TUNEL and immunofluorescence in situ assays of cleaved caspase-3. Quantitative analysis has shown that embryos activate a massive apoptosis after 24h of Cd-exposure. These results have been confirmed using Z-DEVD-FMK, a specific inhibitor of apoptosis. Therefore a functional relationship between autophagy and apoptosis was estimated evaluating apoptotic signals in Cd-exposed embryos, upon treatment with the autophagic inhibitor 3-methyladenine. We found that the inhibition of autophagy produced a contemporaneous reduction of apoptotic signals, suggesting that the two phenomena are functionally related. In effect using methylpyruvate, a cell-permeable substrate for ATP production, apoptotic signals were substantially restored. These data could be explained considering that autophagy could energetically contribute to apoptotic execution through its catabolic role.
NORTON, LAURA SOLEDAD. « Essere studente internazionale a Sapienza : uno studio qualitativo sui percorsi navigati e sulle identità attivate nel contesto di accoglienza ». Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1070789.
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