Articles de revues : « Arrow (Symbol) »

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Latkin, Carl A., Lauren Dayton, Grace Yi et Ariel Balaban. « The (Mis)Understanding of the Symbol Associated with Recycling on Plastic Containers in the US : A Brief Report ». Sustainability 14, n^o 15 (5 août 2022) : 9636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159636.

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Plastic containers are a major source of pollution and contribute to greenhouse gases. Many plastic containers are embossed with a small symbol of three arrows forming a triangle and a number in the middle of the triangle. As part of a US online study, we assessed the meaning of this symbol. Of the 808 respondents presented with a visual image of the three-arrow symbol, 81.3% reported (incorrectly) that the symbol indicated that the item could definitely be recycled and 16.3% reported that it could probably be recycled. The findings suggest that a large proportion of individuals have an inaccurate understanding of the symbol on plastics purported to indicate recycling. Plastic manufacturers should revise labels about recycling and not disseminate potentially deceptive information about the ability to recycle their products, and more effective methods such as extended producer responsibility legislation are needed to reduce plastic pollution.

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Hayton, William L. « Symbol-and-Arrow Diagrams in Teaching Pharmacokinetics ». American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 54, n^o 3 (1990) : 290–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9459(24)08403-1.

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Khorasani, Manouchehr Moshtagh. « El arma sagrada : el combate con arco y flecha en Irán ». Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas 5, n^o 1 (13 juillet 2012) : 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v5i1.124.

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The following article presents the development of the bow and arrow, and its important role in the history of Iran. The bow always played an important role not only on the battlefield, but also in hunting. It was also considered as a sacred weapon and additionally a royal symbol. Bow and arrow were considered as a superior weapon in comparison with other types of weapons because one could fight with them at a safer distance as one offered by swords, maces and axes. The first part of the article presents a short history of the bow in Iran. Based on historical Persian manuscripts, the next part explains the structure of the composite bow and the materials used for making it. The third part describes some types of bows based on the material, place of production, the usage, and bow type based on the length of the bow and the arrows. The following part talks about different types of arrows based on morphology of arrowheads, the type of plume/feather, the material of the shaft, the material of the arrowhead, the length of arrows, the target of arrows, the place of production of arrowheads and terms for describing its different features of an arrowhead. Then, the article talks about different types of thumb rings, bowstrings, quivers and bow cases and arrow guides for shooting short arrows. The next part discusses different principles of archery as explained in Persian manuscripts. Finally the article describes different archery targets.

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Altun, Oğuz, et Orhan Nooruldeen. « SKETRACK : Stroke-Based Recognition of Online Hand-Drawn Sketches of Arrow-Connected Diagrams and Digital Logic Circuit Diagrams ». Scientific Programming 2019 (26 novembre 2019) : 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6501264.

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Digitalization of handwritten documents has created a greater need for accurate online recognition of hand-drawn sketches. However, the online recognition of hand-drawn diagrams is an enduring challenge in human-computer interaction due to the complexity in extracting and recognizing the visual objects reliably from a continuous stroke stream. This paper focuses on the design and development of a new, efficient stroke-based online hand-drawn sketch recognition scheme named SKETRACK for hand-drawn arrow diagrams and digital logic circuit diagrams. The fundamental parts of this model are text separation, symbol segmentation, feature extraction, classification, and structural analysis. The proposed scheme utilizes the concepts of normalization and segmentation to isolate the text from the sketches. Then, the features are extracted to model different structural variations of the strokes that are categorized into the arrows/lines and the symbols for effective processing. The strokes are clustered using the spectral clustering algorithm based on p-distance and Euclidean distance to compute the similarity between the features and minimize the feature dimensionality by grouping similar features. Then, the symbol recognition is performed using modified support vector machine (MSVM) classifier in which a hybrid kernel function with a lion optimized tuning parameter of SVM is utilized. Structural analysis is performed with lion-based task optimization for recognizing the symbol candidates to form the final diagram representations. This proposed recognition model is suitable for simpler structures such as flowcharts, finite automata, and the logic circuit diagrams. Through the experiments, the performance of the proposed SKETRACK scheme is evaluated on three domains of databases and the results are compared with the state-of-the-art methods to validate its superior efficiency.

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Bula, Andrew. « Dimensions of Intertextuality in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart and Arrow of God ». Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature 3, n^o 3 (1 mai 2022) : 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v3i3.149.

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The readings on Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart and Arrow of God are, for the most part, steeped in Igbo culture and cosmology as well as the deployment of language in the texts. None, consequently, has taken up the question of examining both texts by means of Julia Kristeva’s theory of intertextuality. This research report occupies that critical void. Concretely, it utilizes select dimensions of Kristeva’s theory of intertextuality in investigating Things Fall Apart and Arrow of God. This is in order to understand what the characters are saying and what the narrator is saying, the role played by culture in these discourses, and whether the theory’s select dimensions apply to Achebe’s Things Fall Apart and Arrow of God. Ultimately, it is uncovered that indeed intertextuality is applicable to and exists in Things Fall Apart and Arrow of God by means of the various dimensions of the theory. By Kristeva’s account, these dimensions are the intersecting of citation and narration within the novel, dyadic figuration and arbitrary termination, the relationship between the literary text and the text of culture, the figure of double destinations, the horizontal dimension of the function of the symbol, the non-conformity between a named object and its name within the Symbol as Ideologeme, and the relationship between individual texts (books).

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Caiman, Kenneth. « The arrow or the Caduceus as the symbol of the doctor ». Lancet 362, n^o 9377 (juillet 2003) : 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13833-0.

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Monk, John. « Arrows Can Be Dangerous ». tripleC : Communication, Capitalism & ; Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 11, n^o 1 (12 décembre 2012) : 67–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v11i1.337.

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Arrow signs find use in professional fields are a part of everyday practices exercised in public places. Both the geographical and cultural settings affect a signs utility; the focus here is on arrows in England and its North American colonies and in particular English uses of the broad arrowhead as a symbol for regal property and as a mark on convict's clothes. A semiotic analysis using Jakobson's functional categories shows that practices that incorporate signs are not unde the control of the sign maker and the geographical and historical context can change a signs use and can occasionally render an acceptable sign into one that provokes anger and bring ignominy. Such negative effects draw attention to the ethical dimension of signs.

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van der Meer, Elke, Frank Krüger et Antje Nuthmann. « The Influence of Temporal Order Information in General Event Knowledge on Language Comprehension ». Zeitschrift für Psychologie / Journal of Psychology 213, n^o 3 (juillet 2005) : 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/0044-3409.213.3.142.

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Abstract. The coding of chronological order of real-life events, that is, “time’s arrow” in general event knowledge and its access in language comprehension was investigated with two relatedness judgment tasks. The temporal orientation (chronological or reverse) and the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA; 200/250 ms or 1,000 ms) between preinformation and target were manipulated. The first experiment examined highly familiar sequences of events (e.g., lighting-burning-extinguishing) with the same strength of temporal relatedness for preceding and succeeding events. The second experiment investigated individual events. The results show that time’s arrow is not restricted to sequences of events, but is also embedded in the mental representation of individual events. The preferred temporal orientation in favor of future time is not only coded by a higher association strength between mental event representations, but also by expectancy based selection processes. The results support Barsalou’s model of perceptual symbol systems ( 1999 ).

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Kim, Si Yeun. « A Study on Effective Visual Communication of Abstract Concepts -Focus on Arrow Symbol in Brand Identity- ». Treatise on The Plastic Media 22, n^o 2 (31 mai 2019) : 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35280/kotpm.2019.22.2.5.

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Muenchinger, Kiersten. « Our Contrary Normal Practice and Normative Attitudes Around Plastics Recycling ». Design and non-Normativity. In the Era of Paradigm Shifts, n^o 22 (1 janvier 2021) : 39–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37199/f40002203.

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In time for the 50th Anniversary of Earth Day, Frontline, an acclaimed investigative news show on American Public Television, is airing “Plastic Wars,” a report on the fght over the future of plastics. “Plastic Wars” and its related print articles expose that plastics manufacturers have promoted the recycling industry as the clever, benefcial, circular end to plastics waste, all the while knowing that plastics recycling systems have never been robust enough to address plastics waste. It tells that soft drink companies like Pepsico have repeatedly fallen short of stated goals for recycled plastic content in their bottles. It clarifes that end-consumers should not expect that every plastic part embossed with a chasing arrow symbol will be recycled.

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Wright, L. Kate, Jordan J. Cardenas, Phyllis Liang et Dina L. Newman. « Arrows in Biology : Lack of Clarity and Consistency Points to Confusion for Learners ». CBE—Life Sciences Education 17, n^o 1 (mars 2018) : ar6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.17-04-0069.

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In this article, we begin to unpack the phenomenon of representational competence by exploring how arrow symbols are used in introductory biology textbook figures. Out of 1214 figures in an introductory biology textbook, 632 (52%) of them contained arrows that were used to represent many different concepts or processes. Analysis of these figures revealed little correlation between arrow style and meaning. A more focused study of 86 figures containing 230 arrows from a second textbook showed the same pattern of inconsistency. Interviews with undergraduates confirmed that arrows in selected textbook figures were confusing and did not readily convey the information intended by the authors. We also present findings from an online survey in which subjects were asked to infer meaning of different styles of arrows in the absence of context. Few arrow styles had intrinsic meaning to participants, and illustrators did not always use those arrows for the meanings expected by students. Thus, certain styles of arrows triggered confusion and/or incorrect conceptual ideas. We argue that 1) illustrators need to be more clear and consistent when using arrow symbols, 2) instructors need to be cognizant of the level of clarity of representations used during instruction, and 3) instructors should help students learn how to interpret representations containing arrows.

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Varavkina-Tarasova, Nadiya. « Joan’s of Arc Aria No. 7 from the opera "The Maid of Orleans" by P. Tchaikovsky : the spiritual symbolism of the canon of repentance when "trialed under the sign" ». Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 49, n^o 49 (15 septembre 2018) : 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-49.02.

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The article examines the spiritual symbols of the musical and sound structure of Joan’s Aria No. 7 " Forgive me, hills and native fields " from the opera "The Maid of Orleans" by P. Tchaikovsky. The subject of the study is the iconic expositional characteristics of the dramatic development of the image of the protagonist of the opera as a vividly representative historical and symbolic phenomenon, expressed through the centuries-old context of musical spiritual symbols. "Liturgy of John Chrysostom" and "The Maid of Orleans" were marked by a powerful creative core, bravely creating a new level of thinking, opening new opportunities for the Transfiguration. P. Tchaikovsky reflected deeply on the spiritual quality of the man. By the wisdom of the Gospel postulates, one can realize how indissolubly these two works have merged together: "Divine Liturgy" and the history of the Divine feat of the main heroine of the opera. The birth of a new spiritual quality in Tchaikovsky’s music was accompanied by a sufficiently strong resistance of the surrounding psychological field of belief and world outlook. The composer had been working on the opera for about 9 months, which is associatively comparable to the bearing and birth of his "spiritual child". The spiritual meaning of the genre canvas of Aria is liturgical which is the canon of repentance. Syncretism of symbols manifested in systems of semantic and genre assimilation is represented by rhetorical signs and baroque genres. The ostinato spiritual and psychological Credo of the personality of Joan of Arc is explained - 1) in her legendary 19-year-old life, a young peasant girl who could not read and write possessed the greatest gift of purity of thoughts and an unshakable faith in the Spiritual World, which governs the earth; 2) she had intuitive-hearted Mercy to her persecutors, enemies, executioners; 3) she subtly felt the highest signs and symbols that were inaccessible and incomprehensible to her surroundings and contemporaries; 4) Joan at her own and sole discretion considered the form, colors and meanings of her symbols – a white embroidered banner, a coat of arms with holy symbols and a sword that she used only to defend and repel the blows. We should pay attention to the fact that both the composer and the heroine of the the "font" of the spirit materializes. Hence, perhaps, the source of the inner potential of spirituality for the related and beloved female images in his works, embodied by the composer one after another – Tatiana and Joan, – being so distant historically and socially from one another are both so close to the great spiritual potential and victorious level of morality, invigorated by the naturalness of the free space of nature, the inner beauty and sincere kindness, concealing the heroic courage of female charm behind the delicate refinement, able to illuminate many generations of people with the centuries-old example to follow. The 18-year-old Joan at the moment of exhibiting the image in the first act of the opera is shown in the vital fullness of a thinking person, who can follow her Divine Principle. The dramaturgic line of Joan is a mono opera of Spirit in the whole opera. In the context of the analysis of the melody, there attracts attention the symbol of harmony of the "lyrics of light" with the intonations of the achieved through much suffering world of the loving heart – the rhetorical formula of the Baroque era - the figures of "pathopoija:" the excitement of passions " parrhesa "," relatio non harmonia ". In the melody of Aria, there is a tension that arises under another symbol, but does not go into it, but psychologically preserves the previous harmony through inclination to the main tonic. This symbol in music of different styles and creative interpretation in the article is defined as "trial under the sign" - powerful in its might, which originates from the environment of reflective knowledge of the Spirit. In the Aria melody, the symbol tirata is not associated, as is customary, with a "shot" or "lightning," but is a symbol of a sparkling spiritual instrument – a sword. Such is embodied in a rather rare image of St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker, for example, on the icon in the Church of the Holy Trinity in the monastery of St. Iona in Kiev. Saint Nicholas is depicted with a mighty sword, passionately raised vertically upward in the name of protecting holy justice. The sword is also associated with the power of the spiritual thought-arrow, reflected in the symbols of the graphic hooked notation of Kievan Rus.

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Varavkina-Tarasova, Nadiya. « Joan’s of Arc Aria No. 7 from the opera "The Maid of Orleans" by P. Tchaikovsky : the spiritual symbolism of the canon of repentance when "trialed under the sign" ». Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 49, n^o 49 (15 septembre 2018) : 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-49.02.

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The article examines the spiritual symbols of the musical and sound structure of Joan’s Aria No. 7 " Forgive me, hills and native fields " from the opera "The Maid of Orleans" by P. Tchaikovsky. The subject of the study is the iconic expositional characteristics of the dramatic development of the image of the protagonist of the opera as a vividly representative historical and symbolic phenomenon, expressed through the centuries-old context of musical spiritual symbols. "Liturgy of John Chrysostom" and "The Maid of Orleans" were marked by a powerful creative core, bravely creating a new level of thinking, opening new opportunities for the Transfiguration. P. Tchaikovsky reflected deeply on the spiritual quality of the man. By the wisdom of the Gospel postulates, one can realize how indissolubly these two works have merged together: "Divine Liturgy" and the history of the Divine feat of the main heroine of the opera. The birth of a new spiritual quality in Tchaikovsky’s music was accompanied by a sufficiently strong resistance of the surrounding psychological field of belief and world outlook. The composer had been working on the opera for about 9 months, which is associatively comparable to the bearing and birth of his "spiritual child". The spiritual meaning of the genre canvas of Aria is liturgical which is the canon of repentance. Syncretism of symbols manifested in systems of semantic and genre assimilation is represented by rhetorical signs and baroque genres. The ostinato spiritual and psychological Credo of the personality of Joan of Arc is explained - 1) in her legendary 19-year-old life, a young peasant girl who could not read and write possessed the greatest gift of purity of thoughts and an unshakable faith in the Spiritual World, which governs the earth; 2) she had intuitive-hearted Mercy to her persecutors, enemies, executioners; 3) she subtly felt the highest signs and symbols that were inaccessible and incomprehensible to her surroundings and contemporaries; 4) Joan at her own and sole discretion considered the form, colors and meanings of her symbols – a white embroidered banner, a coat of arms with holy symbols and a sword that she used only to defend and repel the blows. We should pay attention to the fact that both the composer and the heroine of the the "font" of the spirit materializes. Hence, perhaps, the source of the inner potential of spirituality for the related and beloved female images in his works, embodied by the composer one after another – Tatiana and Joan, – being so distant historically and socially from one another are both so close to the great spiritual potential and victorious level of morality, invigorated by the naturalness of the free space of nature, the inner beauty and sincere kindness, concealing the heroic courage of female charm behind the delicate refinement, able to illuminate many generations of people with the centuries-old example to follow. The 18-year-old Joan at the moment of exhibiting the image in the first act of the opera is shown in the vital fullness of a thinking person, who can follow her Divine Principle. The dramaturgic line of Joan is a mono opera of Spirit in the whole opera. In the context of the analysis of the melody, there attracts attention the symbol of harmony of the "lyrics of light" with the intonations of the achieved through much suffering world of the loving heart – the rhetorical formula of the Baroque era - the figures of "pathopoija:" the excitement of passions " parrhesa "," relatio non harmonia ". In the melody of Aria, there is a tension that arises under another symbol, but does not go into it, but psychologically preserves the previous harmony through inclination to the main tonic. This symbol in music of different styles and creative interpretation in the article is defined as "trial under the sign" - powerful in its might, which originates from the environment of reflective knowledge of the Spirit. In the Aria melody, the symbol tirata is not associated, as is customary, with a "shot" or "lightning," but is a symbol of a sparkling spiritual instrument – a sword. Such is embodied in a rather rare image of St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker, for example, on the icon in the Church of the Holy Trinity in the monastery of St. Iona in Kiev. Saint Nicholas is depicted with a mighty sword, passionately raised vertically upward in the name of protecting holy justice. The sword is also associated with the power of the spiritual thought-arrow, reflected in the symbols of the graphic hooked notation of Kievan Rus.

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서한석. « A Study on the Community Identity of Fukuoka and Busan - Preference Research on Arrow Symbol and Typography for Gate Sign System Proposal - ». Journal of Integrated Design Research 14, n^o 2 (juin 2015) : 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21195/jidr.2015.14.2.008.

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Windya, Ida Made, et Putu Sri Marselinawati. « Kajian Teologi Pemujaan Gaņeśa di Pura Ponjok Batu Kecamatan Tejakula Kabupaten Buleleng ». Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 7, n^o 1 (17 janvier 2023) : 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/jpah.v7i1.1989.

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The existence of the dieties of Gaņeśa and the Nandini ox in one place at Ponjok Batu Temple has caused many perceptions, considering that in Hindu literature it is stated that the ox is the vehicle of Lord Shiva and the rat is the vehicle of Lord Gaņeśa. The purpose of this research is to find out the function and meaning of the theology of worshiping God Gaņeśa at Ponjok Batu Temple. This research includes descriptive qualitative research, the primary data source of this research is the result of interviews with informants. Data collection methods in this study are interviews, library research, and observation. The worship of Ganeśa and the Nandini ox at Ponjok Batu Temple has a theological function, namely the function of Ganeśa as a barrier to obstacles or awighneswara, the function of Ganeśa as the god of war which is proven every ceremony (piodalan) offering arrow dance, the function of worshiping Ganesha and the Nandini ox is a fusion of two sects Ganeśa as a symbol of the Ganapati sect while the Nandini ox as a symbol of the Saiwa sect, and the function of giving knowledge is known in Hindu literature that Ganeśa is the god of wisdom and knowledge. The worship of Lord Ganeśa at Ponjok Batu Temple has a meaning that is felt by the people of Tejakula, namely, the tattwa meaning that worship of Lord Gaņeśa leads to liberation, the meaning of Bhakti Yoga, namely the belief that Hindus worship Ganeśa sincerely reflects one way of liberation, namely bhakti-yoga, and the meaning of family, because at Ponjok Batu Temple not only worships Gaņeśa, but also iwa and the ox Nandini who are one Shiva family.

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Ford, Garry L., et Dale L. Picha. « Teenage Drivers’ Understanding of Traffic Control Devices ». Transportation Research Record : Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1708, n^o 1 (janvier 2000) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1708-01.

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Teenage drivers are involved in traffic crashes more often than any other driver group, and their fundamental knowledge of traffic control devices and rules of the road is extremely important in safe driving. Only limited data exist, however, on teenage drivers’ understanding of traffic control devices, and little research has been done on determining their comprehension thereof. Research was performed to document teenage drivers’ ability to understand 53 traffic control devices. These traffic control devices included 6 combinations of sign shape and color; 8 regulatory signs; 14 warning signs; 7 school, highway–railroad grade crossing, and construction warning signs; 7 pavement markings; and 11 traffic signals. Research results were then compared with previous comprehension studies to identify specific traffic control devices that the driving public continually misunderstands. In general, the results indicated that surveyed teenage drivers understood the traffic control devices to some degree. Only nine devices were understood by more than 80 percent of the respondents. The devices found problematic to teenage drivers include combinations of sign shape and color, warning-symbol signs, white pavement markings, flashing intersection beacons, and circular red/green arrow left-turn-signal displays. Recommendations include revising states’ drivers handbooks and increasing emphasis in the driver education curriculum to clarify the meaning and intent of problematic traffic control devices.

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Schmitz, Inka, Hanna Strauss, Ludwig Reinel et Wolfgang Einhäuser. « Attentional cueing : Gaze is harder to override than arrows ». PLOS ONE 19, n^o 3 (28 mars 2024) : e0301136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301136.

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Gaze is an important and potent social cue to direct others’ attention towards specific locations. However, in many situations, directional symbols, like arrows, fulfill a similar purpose. Motivated by the overarching question how artificial systems can effectively communicate directional information, we conducted two cueing experiments. In both experiments, participants were asked to identify peripheral targets appearing on the screen and respond to them as quickly as possible by a button press. Prior to the appearance of the target, a cue was presented in the center of the screen. In Experiment 1, cues were either faces or arrows that gazed or pointed in one direction, but were non-predictive of the target location. Consistent with earlier studies, we found a reaction time benefit for the side the arrow or the gaze was directed to. Extending beyond earlier research, we found that this effect was indistinguishable between the vertical and the horizontal axis and between faces and arrows. In Experiment 2, we used 100% “counter-predictive” cues; that is, the target always occurred on the side opposite to the direction of gaze or arrow. With cues without inherent directional meaning (color), we controlled for general learning effects. Despite the close quantitative match between non-predictive gaze and non-predictive arrow cues observed in Experiment 1, the reaction-time benefit for counter-predictive arrows over neutral cues is more robust than the corresponding benefit for counter-predictive gaze. This suggests that–if matched for efficacy towards their inherent direction–gaze cues are harder to override or reinterpret than arrows. This difference can be of practical relevance, for example, when designing cues in the context of human-machine interaction.

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Radyshevsky, Rostyslav. « STEMMATIC-EMBLEMATIC CONCEPTS OF THE POEM ‘ECHO GŁOSU’ BY STEFAN JAWORSKI ». Polish Studies of Kyiv, n^o 39 (2023) : 402–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2023.39.402-431.

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The article examines S. Yavorskyi’s work “Echo of a Voice…” in a stemmatic and emblematic context, in particular the illustrative material from seven engravings by I. Shchyrskyi, which carries a conceptual load. The panegyric, dedicated to the day of the patron saint Ivan Mazepa, contains poetic texts in which the praises of the coat of arms of the Mazepa family are praised. Yavorskyi’s wide use of intertextual references to biblical and ancient images and plots, pathetic concepts for the designation of virtues primarily related to statesmanship and military success, in a hyperbolic manner consistent with baroque traditions, was noted. The central conceptual figure of the poem “Na klucz herbowy alias Jasieńczyk” (“Na klucz herbowy alias Jasieńczyk”) is the kleinode “key”, which appears in the meaning of the key “from all gates”: to people’s hearts, exclusively to royal and tsarist offices, and even to heaven. In the third poem “On three rivers, or Korczak” (“Na trzy rzeki alias Korczak”), the symbol “three years” is interpreted as knightly courage in the fight against the enemy and three theological virtues inherited by the family: Faith, Hope, Love, which flow to of the “bottomless sea” of God’s favors. In one of the poems, Yavorsky leads the reader to the conclusion that Ivan Mazepa won the Hetman’s honors thanks to his virtues, and not by inheriting them. In addition, in justifying the heroism of Mazepa’s ancestors, the poet demonstrates his extensive knowledge of the history of the Mazepa family, using historical data from ancient chronicles. Coat of arms, described in the poems “On the heraldic moon with stars and an arrow, or Sas” (“Na herbowy z gwiazdami i z strzalą księżyc vulgo Sas”) and “On the coat of arms of half an arrow, or Odrowąż” (“Na herb Półstrzały vulgo Odrowąż”), indicated the celebrity and courage of the family, while Yavorskyi’s interpretation was based on the topos of ancient mythology and Sarmatism symbolism. On the “boat with sirens” engraving, Mazepa travels for the golden fleece under the patronage of Ivan the Baptist, which was supposed to symbolize the hetman’s political path. S. Yavorskyi often compares Mazepa with Apollo in the context of astrological symbolism, with the god of war Mars in the spirit of Sarmatian symbolism, with Icarus as a warning, and declared the sky to be Mazepa’s home, and Mazepa’s power to be chosen by God.

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Schott, G. D. « Illustrating cerebral function : the iconography of arrows ». Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B : Biological Sciences 355, n^o 1404 (29 décembre 2000) : 1789–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2000.0735.

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For over a century the arrow has appeared in illustrations of cerebral function, yet the implications of using such symbols have not been previously considered. This review seeks to outline the nature, evolution, applications and limitations of this deceptively simple graphic device when it is used to picture functions of the brain. The arrow is found to have been used in several different ways: as a means of endowing anatomical structures with functional properties; as a method of displaying neural function either in free–standing form or in a structural or spatial framework; as a device for correlating functional data with underlying brain topography; and as a technique for linking functions of the brain with the world outside and with various philosophical concepts. For many of these uses the essential feature of the arrow is its directional characteristic. In contrast to the line, it is direction that enables the arrow to display information about time, which in turn can be exploited to depict functional rather than structural data. However, the use of the arrow is fraught with difficulties. It is often unclear whether an arrow has been used to illustrate fact, hypothesis, impression or possibility, or merely to provide a decorative flourish. Furthermore, the powerful symbolic nature of the arrow can so easily confer a spurious validity on the conjectural. Increasingly now there are insuperable difficulties when attempting to illustrate complex mechanisms of brain function. In the iconography of cerebral function, therefore, arrows with all their ambiguities may in certain circumstances become superseded by more non–representational symbols such as the abstract devices of the computational neuroscientist.

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Fang, Jiaqi, Zhen Feng et Bo Cai. « DrawnNet : Offline Hand-Drawn Diagram Recognition Based on Keypoint Prediction of Aggregating Geometric Characteristics ». Entropy 24, n^o 3 (19 mars 2022) : 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24030425.

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Offline hand-drawn diagram recognition is concerned with digitizing diagrams sketched on paper or whiteboard to enable further editing. Some existing models can identify the individual objects like arrows and symbols, but they become involved in the dilemma of being unable to understand a diagram’s structure. Such a shortage may be inconvenient to digitalization or reconstruction of a diagram from its hand-drawn version. Other methods can accomplish this goal, but they live on stroke temporary information and time-consuming post-processing, which somehow hinders the practicability of these methods. Recently, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have been proved that they perform the state-of-the-art across many visual tasks. In this paper, we propose DrawnNet, a unified CNN-based keypoint-based detector, for recognizing individual symbols and understanding the structure of offline hand-drawn diagrams. DrawnNet is designed upon CornerNet with extensions of two novel keypoint pooling modules which serve to extract and aggregate geometric characteristics existing in polygonal contours such as rectangle, square, and diamond within hand-drawn diagrams, and an arrow orientation prediction branch which aims to predict which direction an arrow points to through predicting arrow keypoints. We conducted wide experiments on public diagram benchmarks to evaluate our proposed method. Results show that DrawnNet achieves 2.4%, 2.3%, and 1.7% recognition rate improvements compared with the state-of-the-art methods across benchmarks of FC-A, FC-B, and FA, respectively, outperforming existing diagram recognition systems on each metric. Ablation study reveals that our proposed method can effectively enable hand-drawn diagram recognition.

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Olk, Bettina, Elena Tsankova, A. Raisa Petca et Adalbert F. X. Wilhelm. « Measuring effects of voluntary attention : A comparison among predictive arrow, colour, and number cues ». Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 67, n^o 10 (octobre 2014) : 2025–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.898670.

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The Posner cueing paradigm is one of the most widely used paradigms in attention research. Importantly, when employing it, it is critical to understand which type of orienting a cue triggers. It has been suggested that large effects elicited by predictive arrow cues reflect an interaction of involuntary and voluntary orienting. This conclusion is based on comparisons of cueing effects of predictive arrows, nonpredictive arrows (involuntary orienting), and predictive numbers (voluntary orienting). Experiment 1 investigated whether this conclusion is restricted to comparisons with number cues and showed similar results to those of previous studies, but now for comparisons to predictive colour cues, indicating that the earlier conclusion can be generalized. Experiment 2 assessed whether the size of a cueing effect is related to the ease of deriving direction information from a cue, based on the rationale that effects for arrows may be larger, because it may be easier to process direction information given by symbols such as arrows than that given by other cues. Indeed, direction information is derived faster and more accurately from arrows than from colour and number cues in a direction judgement task, and cueing effects are larger for arrows than for the other cues. Importantly though, performance in the two tasks is not correlated. Hence, the large cueing effects of arrows are not a result of the ease of information processing, but of the types of orienting that the arrows elicit.

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AMANDA, RESTY, SRI NARTI et BAYU RISDIYANTO. « ANALISIS MAKNA TATO SEBAGAI MEDIA EKSPRESI DIRI ». Profesional : Jurnal Komunikasi dan Administrasi Publik 6, n^o 2 (18 décembre 2019) : 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37676/professional.v6i2.946.

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The rise of the use of tattoos at this time is proof that the elements of cultural order and people’spattern of thought have changed especially in Bengkulu city. Tattoos ware once a sign of crime, but nows tattoos have become commonplace and even today tattoos have become a medium of art of self-expression that carries meanings of one's life journey. This study aims to determine self-expression and the meaning of tattoos as a medium of selfexpression in the tattoo userscommunity users in Bengkulu city. This research uses Charles Sanders Peirce theory and method of data analysis techniques (triangel meaning) which consists of signs, object (object), interpreters (interpretant). To convince the results of the analysis in this study, the authors chose several informants consisting of 5 informan namely 3 men and 2 women with different forms of tattoos. The results of this study prove that tattoos are symbolic art that can be a medium for someone to express themselves disappointed selfexpression, love, self-identity and others. Referring to the sign consists of qualisign that we can see in the tattoo of a rose-headed skull, the sinsignnamely tattoo scissors and a sewing machine and legisianis skull-headed pineapple tattoo. The second is an object consists of an icon that is the faces tattoo of the queens such as Queen DwiSiren, Queen Isabella I, then index the arrow tattoos and the tattoos of the faces of the two boys. Symbol is the queen’s face figure tattoo and Doraemon and Tinkerbell cartoon characters. The third interpretant consists of rhemes, namely rose tattoos and then signedare tattoo scissors and sewing machines and the last argument is all the reasons why the informant made the tattoo. Tattoos on a person's body have meanings such as meaning of the expressions of love for two boys, a birthday presents for the wife, a form of affection for the mother, disappointed the be born in the midst of a broken home family, hope of having a life like a queen and others. Keywords: tattoos, self-expression media, semiotic

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Kharitonov, Roman M., et Mikhail A. Kharitonov. « Early 20th Century Postcards as a Source for Studying the Buryats’ Archery Complex ». Archaeology and Ethnography 20, n^o 7 (2021) : 144–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-7-144-156.

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Purpose. The article analyzes items of the Buryats’ archery complex depicted on the postcards of the early 20th century. These are bows and arrows, quivers, bow cases, belts and one arrow storage. Also in the article, the history of photographs are examined, the authorship and dating of the photographs are found. Results. In total, four postcards with east Buryats and three postcards with west Buryats were found. The analysis showed that all the images have bows with similar geometrical features that tells us about the proximity of structures. Items similar in geometry are now kept in museums and private collections and belong to the Buryat traditional culture and differ from the Manchu tradition bows, popular among the peoples of South Siberia and Central Asia. All the Buryat quivers have a special shape and are called “humpbacked” in publications. The bow cases are shaped like half a bow. Quivers and bow cases are represented in two decorative traditions: western and eastern. In western tradition, usually the entire front surface of quivers and bow cases is covered with metal plates of various shapes. The edges were decorated with sub-rectangular plates using vajra and “ram’s horn symbols”. The central part of the bow cases was filled with discs, the same part of the quivers contains a disk and a ‘comet’. Eastern tradition shows the use of metal plates much less frequently. One image shows a quiver similar in design to Mongolian items, however, in shape resembling Buryat “humpbacked” quivers. One image shows an arrow storage – a case for storing arrows. The images also show the features of wearing and using items of the archery complex. Conclusion. The postcard images confirm previous conclusions about the uniqueness of the Buryat archery complex and make it possible to highlight new typical features. All of this tells us about the importance of referring to visual sources including postcards when studying weapons.

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Yamanoi, Takahiro, Hisashi Toyoshima, Toshimasa Yamazaki, Shin-ichi Ohnishi, Michio Sugeno et Elie Sanchez. « Micro Robot Control by Use of Electroencephalograms from Right Frontal Area ». Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 13, n^o 2 (20 mars 2009) : 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2009.p0068.

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In order to develop a brain machine interface, the authors have investigated the brain activity during human recognition of characters and symbols representing directional meaning. They have recorded electroencephalograms (EEGs) from subjects viewing four types of Kanji (Chinese characters being used currently in the Japanese language) and arrows that were presented on a CRT. Each of the four characters or symbols denoted direction for upward, downward, leftward and rightward, respectively. Subjects were asked to read the characters or symbols, silently. EEGs were averaged for each stimulus type and direction, and event related potentials (ERPs) were obtained. The equivalent current dipole source localization (ECDL) method has been applied to these ERPs. In both cases, equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) were localized to areas related to the working memory for spatial perception, such as the right upper or the right middle frontal areas. Taking into account these facts, the authors have investigated a single trial EEGs of the subject precisely after the latency at 400 ms, and it was determined effective sampling latencies for the discriminant analysis to four types of arrow: ↑, ↓, ←, and →. EEG data have been sampled at latency from 400 ms to 900 ms at 25 ms interval by the three channels in the right upper and the right middle frontal gyri. Results of the discriminant analysis for four type objective variates, presented discriminant rates were above 80%. By four type code of infrared rays according to the discrimination results from a PC, the authors have controlled a micro robot, the e-puck, with four orders: forward, rotate clockwise, rotate counterclockwise and stop.

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Sari, Dewi Purnama, et Feny Rita Fiantika. « A Students Algebraic Thinking Processed in Mathematic Problem Solving at Low Mathematic Ability Student Based on Quantitative Reasoning Ability ». Edumatika : Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika 1, n^o 2 (10 novembre 2018) : 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32939/ejrpm.v1i2.224.

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Quantitative Reasoning is students ability to concluded a problem solved. The purpose of this research has information about algebraic thinking processed on the student with low ability based on Quantitative Reasoning ability. Methods used qualitative descriptive with a purpose for a description of algebraic thinking processed on mathematics problem solving basic material on function with the low ability of student based on quantitative reasoning ability. This paper used algebraic ability paper test and interview transcript. The subject cluster used purposive technic with appreciation high value on report and teacher review which are known about students characteristic. The results showed that algebraic thinking processed on mathematics problem solving on the student with low ability based on quantitative reasoning ability obtained LESS category because the subject doesn’t capable used deductive reasoning on clarifying n symbol on problem and representation on arrow diagram and Cartesian diagram for the first problem test. With the result that Quantitative Reasoning subject on analyzing problems to extract and quantify essential features with deductive reasoning obtained “Less” category. The second problem test, the subject doesn’t capable used inductive reasoning on concluding highest bounce of the ball from the graphic and function table. With that result that Quantitative Reasoning subject on analyzing problems to extract and quantify essential features with inductive reasoning obtained “Less” category. Keywords: algebraic thinking processed, mathematics ability, quantitative reasoning ability. Abstrak. Quantitative Reasoning merupakan kemampuan siswa dalam menyimpulkan suatu permasalahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui lebih mendalam mengenai proses berpikir aljabar terutama pada siswa dengan kemampuan rendah ditinjau dari kemampuan Quantitative Reasoning. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses berpikir aljabar siswa dalam penyelesaian masalah matematika materi fungsi pada siswa kemampuan rendah ditinjau dari kemampuan quantitative reasoning. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar tes kemampuan berpikir aljabar dan lembar wawancara. Pemilihan subjek dilakukan secara purposive dengan mempertimbangkan nilai rapor tertinggi dan pertimbangan guru kelas yang lebih mengetahui karakteristik siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses berpikir aljabar dalam penyelesaian masalah matematika siswa kemampuan rendah ditinjau dari kemampuan quantitative reasoning memperoleh kategori kurang karena subjek belum mampu menggunakan penalaran deduktif dalam menjelaskan makna simbol n dalam permasalahan dan merepresentasikan dalam diagram panah dan diagram cartesius pada soal nomor satu sehingga memperoleh kategori kurang. Subjek juga belum mampu menggunakan penalaran induktif dalam menyimpulkan lambungan tertinggi bola berdasarkan tabel fungsi yang diperjelas dengan grafik fungsi pada soal nomor dua. Kata kunci: proses berpikir aljabar, kemampuan matematika, kemampuan quantitative reasoning.

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Kutajsov, Vadim A. « Cast Money and Coins of Kerkinitis of the Fifth Century B.C ». Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 2, n^o 1 (1996) : 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157005795x00029.

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Abstract84 bronze cast coins of 5 previously unknown types, found in 1982-86 during excavations of the earliest layers of Kerkinitis, and here presented and discussed. The types are: i. narrow leaf-shaped arrowhead money, cast in double moulds (3 specimens dated to the first third of the 5th cent. B.C. ii. flat pieces imitating bilobate arrowheads (38 specimens mostly dated to 470-460 B.C.) iii. arrow money, with a representations of a fish on one side (27 specimens dated to 2nd-3rd quarters of the 5th cent. B.C.) iv. one piece with a fish/dolphin on one side and the city name KA on the other (first issued in the course of the last third of the 5th cent. B.C. but still in circulation in the first quarter of the 4th ccnt. B.C.) v. 8 small-denomination pieces of the same series as iv with a fish on one side and the ethnikon K on the other (first issued at the end of the third quarter of the 5th cent. B.C. but still found in strata of the early 4th cent. and 3rd cent. B.C.). All the coins were cast, but the matrices used have yet to be found. The provenance of the metal used is unknown, but the relatively low weight of the coins would seem to indicate that little importance was attached to their metal content. Kerkinitis seems to have begun production of the earliest coin type, the arrowhead money, in the first third of the 5th cent. B.C. when its circulation was on the wane in other cities of the NW Black Sea area. Dolphin-shaped money does not seem to have been circulated in Kerkinitis as it did in Olbia, where it became the main coin type. The author suggests that the emission of transitional type iii may have to be seen in the context of the contest in the region between the cults of Apollo the Healer (popular in Kerkinitis) and Apollo Delphinios (stronger elsewhere) and thus as an attempt to reconcile the demands of both trade and cult symbolism. The appearance of the ethnikon on the reverse of types iv and v clearly points to their civic origin. The presence of a fish/dolphin symbol on their other sides shows their continuity with the typology of earlier coin series. Monetary practice at Kerkinitis shows clear similarities with that of other Ionian city-states of the NW Pontic area, especially Olbia. However Kerkinitis did not issue slavish copies of arrowhead and fish coins, but produced original forms, which differed markedly from those of other Greek cities.

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Cheng, Beibei, R. Joe Stanley, Soumya De, Sameer Antani et George R. Thoma. « Automatic Detection of Arrow Annotation Overlays in Biomedical Images ». International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics 6, n^o 4 (octobre 2011) : 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jhisi.2011100102.

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Images in biomedical articles are often referenced for clinical decision support, educational purposes, and medical research. Authors-marked annotations such as text labels and symbols overlaid on these images are used to highlight regions of interest which are then referenced in the caption text or figure citations in the articles. Detecting and recognizing such symbols is valuable for improving biomedical information retrieval. In this research, image processing and computational intelligence methods are integrated for object segmentation and discrimination and applied to the problem of detecting arrows on these images. Evolving Artificial Neural Networks (EANNs) and Evolving Artificial Neural Network Ensembles (EANNEs) computational intelligence-based algorithms are developed to recognize overlays, specifically arrows, in medical images. For these discrimination techniques, EANNs use particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm for artificial neural network (ANN) training, and EANNEs utilize the number of ANNs generated in an ensemble and negative correlation learning for neural network training based on averaging and Linear Vector Quantization (LVQ) winner-take-all approaches. Experiments performed on medical images from the imageCLEFmed’08 data set, yielded area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and precision/recall results as high as 0.988 and 0.928/0.973, respectively, using the EANNEs method with the winner-take-all approach.

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Mac Van Vien. « A method of drawing double arrow symbols with automation support for 2D digital map applications ». Journal of Military Science and Technology, n^o 94 (22 avril 2024) : 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54939/1859-1043.j.mst.94.2024.139-148.

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This paper addresses the challenges of translating pivotal military symbols like double arrows onto 2D digital maps, particularly when automation is essential. It proposes a comprehensive method integrating data structure, user workflow, and algorithms to generate tactically aligned, balanced, and visually appealing double arrows for military 2D digital maps. Experimental validation affirms its efficacy in meeting tactical requisites and aesthetic standards. Additionally, it outlines avenues for future research to further enhance and broaden the applicability of this method. In essence, this study presents a robust solution for the automated generation of double arrows on 2D digital military maps, marking a significant step in advancing automated symbolization for military planning.

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Khacharem, Aïmen, Khaled Trabelsi, Bachir Zoudji et Slava Kalyuga. « Communicating Dynamic Behaviors in Basketball : The Role of Verbal Instructions and Arrow Symbols ». Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 91, n^o 2 (24 octobre 2019) : 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2019.1657553.

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Kolchenko, Vasiliy. « The Meaning of the Arrow : Cognitive Roles of Graphic Symbols in Anatomy and Physiology ». HAPS Educator 20, n^o 1 (15 décembre 2015) : 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21692/haps.2015.024.

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Nowinski, Cindy J., Aaron Kaat, Jerry Slotkin, Erika La Forte, Yusuke Shono, Miriam Novack, Sarah Pila et al. « 2 Validity and Reliability of Mobile Toolbox Cognitive Assessments ». Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (novembre 2023) : 780–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617723009724.

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Objective:To present validation evidence for the first eight cognitive measures available through Mobile Toolbox (MTB). These measures use a remote self-administered platform to assess language, working memory, episodic memory, executive function, and processing speed.Participants and Methods:We used two separate samples, recruited as part of a larger study, to validate MTB measures. Sample I, comprised of 92 English-speaking adults ages 18-85, was used to assess internal consistency and construct validity. Participants were first administered “gold standard” cognitive measures (Wechsler Memory Scale-IV Verbal Paired Associates I and II; Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV Symbol Search, Digit Span, Coding, and Letter-Number Sequencing; Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Color-Word Interference Test, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-4 Spelling, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test), after which they completed MTB (pre-loaded on a study-provided smartphone) on their own. Internal consistency was evaluated using measure-appropriate indices (split-half reliability, Cronbach’s alpha or IRT-based indices). Pearson correlation coefficients between MTB tests and measures of similar constructs were used to evaluate concurrent validity. For two tests with timing-dependent scores, Arrow Matching and Shape-Color Sorting, separate analyses were performed for iOS and Android devices. Sample II, with 1,120 English-speaking participants ages 18-90, was used to evaluate age-related change. Participants completed MTB measures remotely on their own smartphones, in a preset order, within a 14-day period. Spearman correlation coefficients, corrected for education, were calculated to evaluate relationships between age and test scores.Results:Sample I participants were 67% female, 52% white, 99% non-Hispanic; average age=48 (SD= 17). Education was: < high school (1%); high school (55%); some college (21%); college (15%); graduate degree (8%). Internal consistency estimates ranged from 0.81 to 0.99. Pearson correlations between MTB and external measures ranged from 0.41 to 0.86 (all p < .01). Of the timed tests, only Shape-Color sorting showed significant score differences between Android and iOS devices. Sample II was 57% female, 13% Hispanic, 72% white, mean age = 45 (SD = 21). Education distribution was: < high school (2%); high school (34%); some college (34%), college (20%); graduate degree (11%). Measures of executive function (r = -0.50; r=-0.57) and processing speed (r= -0.61) showed the expected negative correlation with age (all p <0.001). Negative correlations, although weaker, were also seen on measures of working memory (r=-0.2) and episodic memory (r=-0.2, r=-0.37; p.<.001). Vocabulary performance improved with age (r=0.4; p<.001), while spelling scores remained stable (r=0.09).Conclusions:Initial studies support the validity and reliability of the first eight MTB cognitive measures in two diverse samples. MTB tests showed satisfactory construct validity, as demonstrated by the associations between MTB and well-established tests. Furthermore, most MTB measures correlated with age in the expected directions. Executive function, processing speed and memory typically decrease with age and this decrease was reflected in MTB test performance. In contrast, spelling and vocabulary, typically preserved as we age, did not decrease in our sample. Our results support the use of MTB in cognitive aging research.

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Kim, Meekyeong, et Chu Leui Hong. « Web-Base Virtual Collaboration in E-Learning System ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (janvier 2013) : 3459–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.3459.

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In this paper, we are proposing a web-based virtual collaboration system for e-learning system. We propose new multimedia presentation and recordable virtual collaboration which supports synchronized multimedia presentation using Synchronous Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL). It allows synchronization of the contents of a PowerPoint presentation file and a video file so that the presentation shows slides and video on the same topic at any given time. The resulting SMIL file is used to provide multimedia presentation for image intensive discussion. Participants can use text along with associated symbols during the discussion over the presented power point slides. The symbols such as arrows or polygons have x-y coordinates within the slides to represent associated participants’ questions and answers. Those can be set or removed dynamically to represent areas of questions in slides using so called layered architecture that separates slide layer from annotation layer. Those annotations can be easily hidden for training purposes. XML files are used to record participants’ questions and answers along with the associated elements such as arrows and polygons over some particular images.

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Ludke, Maria do Carmo Mohaupt Marques, Jorge López, Jorge Vitor Ludke et Sérgio Nicolaiewsky. « Utilização da fitase em dietas com ou sem farelo de arroz desengordurado para suínos em crescimento/terminação ». Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 31, n^o 5 (septembre 2002) : 2002–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982002000800016.

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Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de comparar a eficiência de diferentes níveis de fitase em relação à suplementação de fosfato inorgânico (fosfato bicálcico), quando adicionados em dietas sem e com farelo de arroz desengordurado (FAD). Foram utilizados 128 suínos com peso inicial médio de 21,2 ± 2,4 kg, alojados em baias coletivas, para avaliar o desempenho nas fases de crescimento e terminação. Os suínos foram abatidos com peso médio de 95,4 ± 5,3 kg e coletado o osso metacarpo para determinação do cálcio e do fósforo. Foram usados oito tratamentos, sendo quatro dietas sem FAD (milho e farelo de soja) e quatro dietas com 30% de inclusão de FAD, nas quais foram adicionados níveis de 0, 750 ou 1000 UF (Unidades de Fitase)/kg. Foi observado que adicionar fitase, tanto em dietas sem FAD quanto em dietas com FAD, melhora a disponibilidade do fósforo orgânico. Com os níveis de 750 e 1000 UF/kg adicionados em ambas as dietas, sem suplementação de fosfato bicálcico, não houve prejuízo sobre o desempenho dos animais. Entretanto, as características ósseas são prejudicadas se as dietas com fitase não forem suplementadas com a fonte de fósforo inorgânico.

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Kartikasari, Dwi, et Nur Nafi'iyah. « SIMULASI DISTRIBUSI AIR BERSIH DENGAN ADOBE FLASH ». UKaRsT 3, n^o 1 (17 mai 2019) : 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/ukarst.v3i1.347.

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AbstractThe use of software in the design of clean water distribution is not new. Commonly software was used specifically was designed for clean water distribution networks, namely Epanet 2.0 and WaterCAD. So that in this research was tried using general software multimedia-based namely Adobe Flash. The stages of making simulation with the Adobe Flash program include: (1) Making a storyline, which is making a layout for planning map for clean water distribution networks. (2) Making images and symbol, including pictures of reservoir location, hamlet locations, village road, while symbol was used to determine the water flow direction from the water source to the reservoir and to each hamlet. (3) making water distribution simulation was described by arrows in the pipe, namely from the water source to the reservoir, also distributed to each village. (4) Finishing stage (finishing), which publishes work files Adobe Flash, namely .fla to file in the form of .swf and .exe. So that files can be run without installing Adobe Flash software. Key words: Simulation, Clean Water Distribution, Adobe Flash

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Žarskienė, Rūta. « The Sound of Trumpet will Stir the World and Raise the Dead : Prayers Accompanied by Brass Instruments in the Folk Piety Tradition ». Tautosakos darbai 55 (25 juin 2018) : 177–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.51554/td.2018.28504.

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The article focuses on a phenomenon that has so far evaded scholarly attention and research. Apparently, in Samogitia, where brass instruments still play at traditional Catholic or even Lutheran funerals and death anniversaries, participate in the Easter morning processions and the Catholic Church feasts (Lith. atlaidai), yet another practice of folk piety involving brass instruments is thriving: i.e. prayers at the graveside in summer time, during Catholic Church feasts and All Souls’ Day (more frequently still, All Saints’ Day). During her fieldwork of 2013–2017 in various parts of Mažeikiai and Skuodas districts, the author of the article gathered material on this folk piety practice in religious feasts of Saint Mary Magdalene, Saint Roch, and Saint Anne etc. taking place in Grūstė, Ylakiai, Židikai, Vaičaičiai and elsewhere. These feasts take place in cemeteries, while the Mass, their main sacral highlight, is performed in the cemetery chapel or in a nearby church. People gather to the feasts in order to visit the graves of their diseased and meet with their relatives, inviting brass musicians to perform the ritual at the graveside. The ritual comprises several parts: intention, the sign of the cross in the beginning and at the end, prayers (the Lord’s Prayer, the Hail Mary, and “Eternal Rest”), a stanza from a popular traditional religious hymn, which is both sung and played, the prayer “Eternal Rest”, which is both sung and played antiphonally this time, and traditional Catholic greeting (“Honor be to Jesus Christ”). These parts make up a slightly varying “scenario”, which usually takes 3 to 3,5 minutes to perform. The structure of ensembles (from 2 to 4 musicians), their age (from 12 to 83 years old), the actual instruments (trumpets, tuba, tenor, baritone, saxophone, etc.), and style of performance also vary. The self-educated musicians of the elder generation usually play in the traditional way, i.e. loudly, slowly and inaccurately. The younger generation representatives, usually having acquired some professional music education, have adopted more esthetic style of performance, using reduced volume and “intermediate” fragments to fill in the pauses. In 2017, the tendency was noted of forgoing prayers and including several stanzas of a particularly popular modern hymn instead of one. This would indicate an attempt at changing the tradition in order to adapt to the popular culture, or even belonging to it. In search for roots of this custom of folk piety, the author of the article employs the historical sources from the 17th–18th centuries. According to her analysis, the main point of the ritual – the prayer “Eternal Rest” – was actively used not only in the rituals of the 19th–20th century, but also as early as the Baroque period, while its origins may reach back to the medieval teachings on purgatory. The last line of this prayer (“May they rest in peace. Amen”) was used as a quiver prayer. The arrow as symbol was highly favored in Baroque heraldic, poetry, panegyrics; it used to be compared not only to prayer, but also to the loud and powerful sound of the brass instruments. The brass instruments acted as a concurrent accompaniment of both religious and secular festivals of the time, playing an important role both in the Roman Catholic and in the Evangelical Lutheran traditions. While seeking to clarify the reasons for trumpets being played at cemeteries and the meaning of this ritual, it appeared that in the Catholic Samogitia there still survives a belief in the trumpet accompanied prayer to have the power of alleviating the suffering of souls in the purgatory. People inviting the brass musicians to play at the graveside even in the modern times believe that such prayer goes straight to heaven and easily reaches the God.

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Sun, Ying, et Kalra Anurag. « Regular Flow Field Sparse Processing and Blue Finance of Ocean City Research Based on GIS System ». Mobile Information Systems 2022 (24 août 2022) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7650704.

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In order to explore the development path of blue finance in ocean cities, this paper combines GIS to conduct blue finance research in ocean cities, draws on the traditional direct visualization method of point icons, and uses arrow symbols to render vector flow field data. Moreover, this paper uses GIS means to perform statistical analysis on flow field data, studies the adaptive sparse algorithm of flow field data spatial structure based on GIS, and proposes a program implementation method for regular flow field sparse processing suitable for the general flow of the sparse algorithm. The experimental research shows that the GIS technology proposed in this paper can play an important role in the research of blue finance in ocean cities and has a certain role in promoting the development of ocean blue finance.

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Lazarovici, Gheorghe. « Focul în simbolistica neoliticului ». Anuarul Muzeului Etnograif al Transilvaniei 29 (20 décembre 2015) : 221–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47802/amet.2015.29.13.

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Fire is presented generally after 5 issues: the usual fire, thunderbolt, Sun, fire of penetration or absorption, fire of destruction. There are several objects containing symbols, signs or sacred scenes related with fire. Some of them represent ideograms, other mithogrames, representing means of communication between man and divinity in Heaven. It is necessary to remind of these messages, especially those discovered on small cult altars used for burning the offerings: Ocna Sibiului, Turdaş, Karanovo, Gradešnica etc. On other objects, such as the ceramic fragment discovered at Lozna, man sent arrow to the Sun (god of light and of diurnal heat). Sanctuary 2 at Parţa occupies an important place in the Neolithic man's relationship with chthonian and celestial deities, helping us to decipher the religious beliefs of those times.

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Evans, S., S. John, M. Willis-Parker, D. Loring et F. Goldstein. « A-04 Evaluating Race-Related Differences in Performance of Two App-based Cognitive Tasks ». Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 34, n^o 6 (25 juillet 2019) : 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz034.04.

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Abstract Objective Increased participation of African Americans (AA) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical research is a national priority given their increased risk for developing AD. Removal of logistical barriers, such as time and travel costs, may increase AA participation. We developed two racially unbiased smartphone applications to assess cognition adapted from traditional tasks, the computerized Flanker test and paper-based Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). This study evaluated baseline performance and construct validity of the tasks in Non-Hispanic White (NHW) and AA participants. Method A sample of AA (n = 47) and NHW (n = 50) cognitively normal, middle-age and older adults (Mage = 60.73, SDage = 7.65) completed an in-clinic visit that included traditional assessments, as well as two app-based measures, Arrows and Number Match. Racial differences in group performance were evaluated with independent samples t-tests. Construct validity was assessed through inter-version correlations between traditional and app-based measures. Results There were no statistically significant differences between races on any metric of overall performance: Number Match (t(84) = 1.912, p = .06, 95% CI [-.130, 6.672]), Arrows average reaction time (RT) for incongruent trials (t(93) = -1.496, p = .14, 95% CI [-278.94, 39.27]), average RT for congruent trials (t(93) = -1.751, p = .083, 95% CI [-356.64, 22.44]), or average RT across all trials (t(93) = -1.691, p = .09, 95% CI [-298.21, 23.89]). The overall sample demonstrated small to moderate statistically significant inter-version correlations, from r = 0.39 to r = 0.55, ps < .01, with Number Match and SDMT showing a stronger association than Arrows and Flanker. Conclusions Preliminary data suggest no performance differences between races. Future research will evaluate the tasks’ ability to discriminate between clinical populations.

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Serafin, Colleen. « Driver Preferences for Adjustable Distance Control Labels for an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) System ». Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, n^o 2 (octobre 1997) : 934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100248.

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This study investigated driver preferences for labels of adjustable distance controls for an adaptive cruise control (ACC) system. Thirty-six participants were introduced to the concept of ACC by using a computer prototype of an ACC system. Participants were asked to provide their preferences for labels for two types of adjustable distance controls: one type that adjusts both speed and distance (shared controls) and another that adjusts only distance (separate control). For shared controls, participants preferred the labels ACC/DEC over ‘+/-’ and ACC/COAST. The labels preferred for the separate control were NEAR/FAR as opposed to symbols (arrows or chevrons). Due to some confusion that may arise from the abbreviations on the shared controls, additional investigations into appropriate labels, with the emphasis on international use (i.e., symbols), are recommended. Finally, because these preferences were obtained through the use of a computer prototype of ACC, usability tests should be conducted on the road to validate the results.

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Mayasari, Devita Herda Ayu. « Kajian Kodikologi Iluminasi dalam Serat Jaya Lengkara Wulang (1803) ». Arnawa 1, n^o 1 (5 juin 2023) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/arnawa.v1i1.11241.

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This study aims to identify and analyze the symbols in the illumination of the Jaya Lengkara Wulang manuscript. This codicological study uses a qualitative descriptive method. This qualitative descriptive is used to explain the symbols in the illumination. The source of the research data is the illumination of the Renggan Jaya Lengkara Wulang district head, a collection of the British Library. The results showed that there were elements of pineapple, praba, sunflower, saton, daisies/asters, tlacapan, lung-lungan, and arrow motifs. In addition, there are also elements of color, namely gold, red, blue, yellow, and white. If it is related to the contents of the text, there are teachings to have broad insight, be firm in your stance, have good manners, and always be compassionate towards others. === Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis simbol-simbol dalam iluminasi naskah Jaya Lengkara Wulang. Penelitian kodikologi ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Deskriptif kualitatif ini digunakan untuk menjelaskan simbol-simbol dalam iluminasi. Sumber data penelitian adalah iluminasi wedana renggan Jaya Lengkara Wulang koleksi British Library. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya unsur motif buah nanas, praba, bunga matahari, saton, bunga daisy/aster, tlacapan, lung-lungan, dan anak panah. Selain itu juga ada unsur warna, yaitu emas, merah, biru, kuning, dan putih. Jika dikaitkan dengan isi teks terdapat ajaran untuk berwawasan luas, teguh pendirian, memiliki tata krama, dan selalu berbelas kasih kepada sesama.

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Havelková, Lenka, et Martin Hanus. « Research into map-analysis strategies : theory- and data-driven approaches ». Geografie 124, n^o 2 (2019) : 187–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2019124020187.

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This study focuses on the strategies used during an analysis of four types of thematic maps (line symbols, area-shading, choropleths, and diagram maps) on the basis of the use of eyetracking technology. Moreover, it discusses the use of data-driven (spatial and spatiotemporal) and theory-driven (spatiotemporal) methodological approaches to research on the topic and aims to verify their applicability experimentally. The results of the experiment assist in identifying the main merits and limits of these approaches and serve to supplement and expand the results of prior studies. It is apparent that the strategies selected by users, when analyzing maps, are highly individualized and are distinguished by the frequent flitting of the eyes between the individual parts of the task. Among other things, it was discovered that most attention was paid to the task instructions and the map, and that the most frequently utilized sequence of eye movement was: task, map, (scale/north arrow, legend), answers.

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Hendrickx, Stan. « Two Protodynastic Objects in Brussels and the Origin of the Bilobate Cult-Sign of Neith ». Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 82, n^o 1 (décembre 1996) : 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030751339608200109.

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New publication and discussion of two fragmentary stone objects of Protodynastic date in the Musées Royaux d'Art et d'Histoire in Brussels, together with a further fragment from one of them, found a few years ago in the excavations of the DAIK at Umm el-Qa'ab. The carved decoration of both includes representations of the click beetle (Agrypnus notodonta Latr.), sacred to Neith. From their iconography, it is suggested that the bilobate cult-sign of Neith originally consisted of the image of two click beetles, flanking two crossed arrows attached to a pole. Three different symbols of Neith can be distinguished during the Protodynastic Period: the bilobate object, two crossed arrows, and two bows tied together. The original meaning of the bilobate object seems to have been forgotten before the end of the Old Kingdom, and during the Middle Kingdom it lost its original form and was henceforward depicted as an oval. The significance given to it at that time remains open to discussion, but its traditional identification as a shield is most probably the result of the far more recent assimilation of Neith to the Greek goddess Athena.

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M, Sudhakar, et Kathiresan Pon. « Communication in Purananuru ». International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-18 (8 décembre 2022) : 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s1833.

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Communication through literature has been growing from time to time. Communication developed among people by sharing information. Communication is a flexible form of imparting or exchanging an information. It is the process of exchanging ideas between both sender and receiver. These kinds of exchanging or sharing an information is very famous in Purananuru. Through Purananuru we can notice that messages, thoughts, emotions and skills of a person can be known through symbols, speech, writings, images, numbers, maps, and messengers. Since prehistoric times, man has been living a communal life by exchanging messages through various types of communication tools. Before language appeared, man communicated through body movements and signs. Man expressed his views verbally. He learned the concepts through symbols. In particular, he conveyed the message through symbols such as trumpets, fire, smoke and arrows. Among the 10 musical organs, there was a musical instrument called drum in the Sangam period. Ancient Tamils used to convey good news through musical instruments such as in festivals, weddings and in battlefield invasions. The king announces the news to the people by using a musical instrumental called Drum. King exchanges the news from one country to another through messengers, spies and sages. Ottadal is the 59th chapter in Thirukkural and in this chapter Thiruvalluvar clearly shows up the excellence of Spies. Ancient Tamil people used nearby objects as communication devices to know various messages from kings and poets. They lived by receiving and giving opinions through various languages. Therefore, the communication ideas are specified, classified and explained in Purananuru.

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Swienton, Heather A., Alberto Giordano et Ronald R. Hagelman III. « What Do Children Draw When Asked to Draw a Map ? Results of a Mental Map Experiment ». Cartographica : The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization 58, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2023) : 116–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cart-2022-0016.

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When asked to draw a map reflecting on their experience, what do children draw? The authors offer possible answers through the eyes of children aged 6 to 14 who visited the Meadows Center for Water and the Environment on the campus of Texas State University; the 332 maps children were asked to draw after their visit are the focus. Results indicate that according to children, a map can be qualitatively understood as a graphic representation of the child’s experience that includes people and animals, places, and events, and natural and built environments. Children use both mimetic and abstract symbols that vary in shape, are often used repeatedly to create texture or patterns, and can vary in colour that often—but not always—abide by traditional colour denotations. Cartographic scales, legends, or north arrows are rarely used. The abundant use of written labels or descriptive words on their maps suggests that children understand maps as an expressive form that blends symbols and text. In efforts to contribute to the ultimate questioning of what makes a map a map, this study provides a strong empirical case for the what and how of children’s map-making processes concentrating on traditional cartographic conventions and elements.

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Wanselin, Hanna, Kristina Danielsson et Susanne Wikman. « Meaning-Making in Ecology Education : Analysis of Students’ Multimodal Texts ». Education Sciences 13, n^o 5 (26 avril 2023) : 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci13050443.

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Teaching and learning in ecology depend on multimodality, involving semiotic resources such as visual representations, subject-specific symbols, and written and spoken language. Furthermore, the ecology field involves complex processes and relationships, presenting student challenges. However, more research has yet to investigate how students design multimodal texts to represent complex biological processes. For a holistic understanding of ecology, it is crucial to understand different complex processes, such as the matter cycle, energy flow, decomposition, and their relations. Therefore, this study aims to, through multimodal text analysis based on systemic functional linguistics (SFL), identify how secondary students collectively present and combine such processes and how they position themselves through their textual choices. Results indicate that representing biological processes comprises several challenges for students. One way in which this is shown is the unclear use and meaning of arrows. Thereto, the students include various aspects uncommon in the field of ecology, for example, symbols inspired by comic books, values, and the role of humans, thereby relating ecosystems to their interests and everyday life. Implications for teaching are discussed, for instance, the importance of supporting students in terms of scientific content and how to represent it, which can be conducted through text discussions.

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Viaene, Vincent. « Gladiators of Expiation : the Cult of the Martyrs in the Catholic Revival of the Nineteenth Century ». Studies in Church History 40 (2004) : 301–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400002953.

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In the spring of 1802, the Roman catacombs of Priscilla were the scene of excavations in search of Christian antiquities and martyrs’ bodies. Excavations of this kind had been going on in Rome since the late sixteenth century, though they had been temporarily interrupted during the occupation by French revolutionary troops in the last years of the eighteenth century. On 25 May, the fossores, or diggers, who worked under the authority of a religious dignitary, the Custodian of the Relics, hit on an elaborate tomb. The profuse symbols on the slab were (erroneously) believed to indicate martyrdom: arrows, an anchor and a lash for the instruments of torture, a luxuriant palm for the martyr’s eventual triumph and reward in heaven. From the garbled inscription ‘LUMENA PAX TECUM FI’, the name of Filumena, or Philomena, could be deduced.

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Shen, Jinglin, et Nicholas Gans. « Robot-to-human feedback and automatic object grasping using an RGB-D camera–projector system ». Robotica 36, n^o 2 (23 août 2017) : 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574717000339.

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SUMMARYThis paper presents a novel system for human–robot interaction in object-grasping applications. Consisting of an RGB-D camera, a projector and a robot manipulator, the proposed system provides intuitive information to the human by analyzing the scene, detecting graspable objects and directly projecting numbers or symbols in front of objects. Objects are detected using a visual attention model that incorporates color, shape and depth information. The positions and orientations of the projected numbers are based on the shapes, positions and orientations of the corresponding objects. Users select a grasping target by indicating the corresponding number. Projected arrows are then created on the fly to guide a robotic arm to grasp the selected object using visual servoing and deliver the object to the human user. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate how the system is used in robot grasping tasks.

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Purba, Switamy Angnitha. « Analisis Jaringan Kerja dengan Metode Critical Path Method (CPM) dan Model Program Linier ». Jurnal Absis : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan Matematika 4, n^o 1 (30 octobre 2021) : 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30606/absis.v4i1.993.

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Network analysis is part of a project that requires time for each network activity. To produce a particular project there is more than one job/event that must be done. Each job/event is interconnected and placed in order according to the management of its implementation. In network projects, it is necessary to plan and supervise systematically, in order to obtain work efficiency. The network is represented in symbols and arrows. In this study, the problem-solving network analysis was solved using the CPM (Critical Path Method) method and with a linear programming model using the help of excel-solver and Lingo. This study aims to compare the two methods in solving network analysis problems. Based on the analysis, it is found that by using the CPM method, more critical paths are obtained than the linear programming method. With the increasing number of critical paths obtained, it is hoped that the management can determine project priorities to maintain the project schedule to be completed on time.

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Csachová, Stela, et Daniela Kidonová. « Exploring Potential of Sketchnoting as a Tool for Constructing Learner´s Knowledge in Geography ». European Journal of Educational Research 11, n^o 2 (15 avril 2022) : 1151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.11.2.1151.

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In the paper, we explore the potential of sketchnoting as a tool for constructing learner´s knowledge. Sketchnoting is non-linear note-taking method that combines text and visual elements to express knowledge in a complex form, and is represented by text, symbols, arrows, frames, and other visual elements. Drawing on theory of dual coding and theory of multimedia learning, it is argued that a learner retains information more permanently if they process it verbally and visually at the same time. Sketchnoting can be effectively implemented in a learning process. We illustrate sketchnoting as a supportive learning tool by empirical study with learners at geography lessons in a secondary grammar school. We assessed twenty students´ first sketchnotes and found out most of them focused on facts rather than relations. It is therefore suggested that teachers draw more attention to organisation, structure and interrelations of the elements of knowledge in sketchnote when introducing it first to learners.

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Aleksandrovich, Sergey Yarygin, et Autalipov Dauren Kairbergenovich. « Design features of kamcha with a meadowsweet handle from the Ulkensor burial mound (interdisciplinary analysis) ». Turkic Studies Journal 4, n^o 3 (2022) : 128–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2022-3-128-140.

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Kamcha played an important role in the culture of the steppe peoples of Eurasia during the long period of nomadic pastoral life. Many folk ideas are connected with it, reflecting various aspects of rituals and ritual actions. Kamcha was a symbol of rulership, a companion of a person, a weapon of a hero and in traditional culture a talisman of Shanyrak.In 2020, a burial mound from the early Saka time (7th-6th century BC) was explored near Burabay. During the research, a number of objects of the culture material of the Sakas were found in the burial, including a ceremonial setting belt, a dagger, and the remains of a quiver with arrows and kamcha. It should be noted that the kamcha is the first find of cultural artifacts of this type in this region. Of particular interest among these finds was a handle made of a material identified as tobolga. The kamcha with a handle made of meadowsweet from a burial near Lake Ulkensor became the object of study of the present article.The authors of the article give an archaeological description of the burial mound from the early Saka period as well as a description of the finds in the burial and perform a visual reconstruction of the kamcha.

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