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1
Sukhodolskaya, Elena Sergeevna. « Armenia in the conditions of Byzantine–Sasanian War of 571-591 ». Genesis : исторические исследования, no 5 (mai 2020) : 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2020.5.32789.
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This article examines the position of Armenia in the conditions of Byzantine–Sasanian War of 571-591. On the example of activity of Armenian dukes, the author trace the stance of Armenians on the developed conflicts, defines the role and degree of participation of Armenians in military expeditions on the side of belligerent powers. The subject of this research is activity of the representatives of Armenian ducal families in the conditions of Byzantine–Sasanian conflict. The object is the records of the Syriac historian of the VI century John of Ephesus, Armenian historical of the VII century Sebeos, and Byzantine historical of the late VIII century Theophanes the Confessor. The main conclusion of the conducted research consists in inability of Armenian Nakharar to create an independent Armenian Kingdom. Despite the favorable external conditions, caused by the Byzantine–Sasanian War, there were multiple contradictions between the Nakharar that impeded the achievement of common goal. Byzantine emperors and Persian monarchs use the lack of unity between the Armenian dukes for reaching the own goals and retention of leading positions in the region. The scientific novelty consist in comprehensive analysis of the activity of Nakharars in Western and Eastern Armenia based on the Byzantine and Armenian sources.
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Hovhannisyan, Aram. « On the Participation of Armenians in the Mongol Ilkhanate’s Invasion of Syria (1259–1260) ». Iran and the Caucasus 27, no 4-5 (29 novembre 2023) : 419–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573384x-02704010.
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Abstract This study examines the participation of Cilician Armenians in the Mongol Ilkhanate’s Syrian invasions in 1259–1260. Drawing upon data from mediaeval sources and various perspectives in scholarly literature, this paper addresses the following key questions: 1. Where were the troops of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and their allied countries consolidated? 2. To what extent did the troops of the Armenian King Het‘um I join forces with the Mongols? The inquiry also presents the specific details of the capture of Syrian cities and explores the likelihood of Armenian troops’ involvement in these operations. In the final section, the paper delves into the events surrounding the famous Battle of Ain-Jalut and examines the potential participation of Armenians in this pivotal conflict, in which the allies suffered defeat and were subsequently compelled to retreat.
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Nasrallah, Rima, et Ronelle Sonnenberg. « Oriental Orthodox Young Adults and Liturgical Participation : A Matter of Identity ». Exchange 49, no 3-4 (9 novembre 2020) : 358–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341574.
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Abstract This qualitative research on young adults of the Armenian Apostolic and Syriac Orthodox Churches in Lebanon considers why participation in liturgy aids the identity formation of youth in both communities. By participating in liturgical rituals, these young adults express identities which transcend the limited spaces they inhabit. These spaces are influenced by the minority context in Lebanon, as well as by traumatic historic experiences of both Armenians and Syriacs. Such spaces stimulate the youths’ appreciation for their ancient traditions and their strong connection to other members of their church communities, both past and present. Their sense of belonging is rooted in ancient languages and narratives, and in the embodied rituals that open Armenian and Syriac young people up to the divine dimension of liturgy in church and in daily life. We argue that, for the research population, engagement in the liturgy is a matter of identity.
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Goshgarian, Rachel. « Erasure at Home, Erasure in the World : Armenian History in Turkey (and Beyond) and Non-Discourses on Modern Political Conflict ». International Journal of Middle East Studies 54, no 3 (août 2022) : 571–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743822000654.
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On October 16, 2020, the Los Angeles Review of Books published a powerful letter about the war on Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabagh) that was signed by scholars who are considered to be among those most actively engaged in postcolonial theory and political activism, including Tariq Ali, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Noam Chomsky, Amitav Ghosh, and Cornel West. This letter read: Before the ravages brought in by World War I and the 20th century, Azeris and Armenians in the area lived in the kind of conflictual coexistence with which we are acquainted in the multiethnic parts of the world. We are asking now not only for an agreement to a ceasefire but an insistence on the preservation of that ceasefire and protection for the Armenian minority in its efforts toward self-determination. We hope, in the long run, with the participation of all international institutions of justice, that the democratic will of the ethnic Armenians of the area can be acknowledged.2Yet scholars who specialize in the history of Turkey, the Ottoman Empire, and the Middle East were remarkably silent about this war that will have long-term effects on the small Republic of Armenia (population three million) and the relationships it will be able to maintain with its neighbors, in particular the Republic of Azerbaijan (population ten million) and the Republic of Turkey (population eighty-four million). The latter two countries’ militaries jointly attacked the unilaterally recognized, independent Armenian enclave of Artsakh (population 150,000) during a global pandemic, with help from paid Syrian mercenaries and Turkish military technology.
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Piskova, Mariyana. « TRACING THE ARCHIVAL SOURCES OF THE FRENCH FEATURE FILM “ANDRANIK” ABOUT THE ARMENIANS IN THE FIRST WORLD WAR(1928) ». History and Archives, no 2 (2021) : 128–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2658-6541-2021-2-126-140.
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The first and still the only film about Andranik Ozanian (1865– 1927) was shot during the summer of 1928 in Bulgaria. Who financed and created the movie, why did the director Archavir Chakhatouny (1882–1957) choose Bulgaria for the scenes in the open, why wasn’t the film shown in Soviet Armenia and how did it get to Yerevan – those are part of the questions the paper will try to answer. To that end the author searched for the archival documents in the archives and museums of Armenia and Bulgaria. The richest source is the personal fund of the Armenian emigrant in Paris Arshavir Shakhatuni (1882–1957). After his death, the documents were transferred to the Yeghishe Charents Museum of Literature and Arts in Yerevan. Among them, a special place is occupied by biographical documents, documents about theatrical roles and roles in cinema, which he performed, materials about early cinema and the history of the creation of the film “Andranik”. The National Archives of Armenia keeps the documents which detail the participation of Chakhatouny in the First World War and in the government of the First Armenian Republic (1918–1920) as the commandant and chief of police of Yerevan. The most valuable source is the film “Andranik” which was received by the State Archives of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR) in 1972. During the period, the name of Andranik was banned until the end of the 80s of the 20th century. There was censorship and contradicting assessments of Andranik by Armenians and Azerbaijanis (“hero” or “enemy”) were “concealed”. For this reason, the film might have got into Armenia through the Armenian Society for Friendship and Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries, founded by the resolution of the Communist Party of the ASSR. The official activity of the Society was related to the cultural events abroad but in fact it was used to gather information about the political emigrants. In the Bulgarian archives one may find the archive “traces” of Chakhatouny’s performances on the Bulgarian theatrical scenes and also his correspondence with the actor Georgi Stamatov (1893–1965), that documents contain the valuable data on the history of the film creation. Thanks to the archives, the film ‘Andranik’ can be seen and the story of its creation and distribution in the past century can be reproduced.
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Dzhaman, Yaroslav, et Vasyl Dzhaman. « Tourism objects and development of Armenian ethnographic excursion route in polyethnic Chernivtsi ». Науковий вісник Чернівецького університету : Географія, no 838 (11 novembre 2022) : 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/geo.2022.838.61-71.
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Retrospective-chorological specificities of the appearance of Armenian ethnic element on the territory of Bukovyna and the City of Chernivtsi were disclosed. Population dynamics within the Armenian ethnic community of Chernivtsi based on the censuses held within 1774 – 2001 and said community’s participation in economic, public and political life of the city, as well as in cultural and educational activity were analyzed. Armenians for the first time appeared in Bukovyna as far back as in times of the Kiev Rus and the Principality of Galicia and Volyn as international traders. The first Armenian settlers lived in Chernivtsi beginning from the «pre-Austrian» time, and their community was always compact usually covering areas around and praying in the Roman Catholic Church of the Holy Cross that had the Armenian St George’s Altar until they built their own cathedral. It was in 1783 that the Armenian catholic religious community for the first time appeared in Chernivtsi. The first Armenian residents of Chernivtsi were predominantly engaged in trade, or were doctors, engineers, landowners, manufacturers and highly ranked state officers. With time, the houses of the Chernivtsi Armenians concentrated in a new «Armenian block», that is, in the area of present-day Armenian Street, Jacob von Petrovich Street, Ukrainian Street and the Armenian Lane. The block had the Armenian Catholic Church built in its center in 1869-1875 to become a focus of the spiritual life of Bukovynian Armenians, and later the center was added by the parochial house and the Armenian bursa for school goers. The Register of Objects of Cultural Heritage and the Present of Armenian Community of Chernivtsi was developed and the point-based assessment of their tourism attractiveness was introduced. The quantitative relative assessment of tourism attractiveness of 26 objects of cultural heritage totally made 78 points, while the mapping of the same allowed for disclosure of specificities of their territorial disposition and development of optimal Armenian excursion route. Following the significance, spatial distribution and territorial structure, we distinguished between localized (items and centers), linear and spatial elements of the Armenian ethnographic space. The items are represented by tourism objects of aesthetic, scientific and historical value, e.g., buildings where outstanding persons either lived, studied or worked; Roman Catholic Church of Exaltation of the Holy Cross with the Armenian St George’s Altar; social maintenance establishments (former Armenian bursa); monuments (Jacob von Petrovich) and the sites of memory. The centers are tourism objects of Armenian culture represented by functioning institutions and establishments, such as Armenian Church, Sunday school, national/cultural associations. The linear elements are the city streets (Armenian Street, personalized Jacob von Petrovich Street and Karol Mikuli Street), and the spatial (area) elements are conditioned by the fact of ethnic groups’ compact settlement. The hugest concentration of the Armenian ethnic tourism objects is found in the area around the Armenian Church (13 objects possessing 33 points of total attractiveness). Keywords: Armenian ethnic community; cultural heritage; ethno-tourism objects; excursion route; city of Chernivtsi.
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Schaefer, Robert W. « The missing “fifth column” : the effects of North Caucasus resettlement and deportations in the late 1800s on North Caucasians’ participation in the First World War ». Caucasus Survey 1, no 1 (22 septembre 2013) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23761202-00101007.
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At the outbreak of the First World War, Sultan Mehmet V of the Ottoman Empire issued two fatwas at Germany’s behest, calling for all Muslims to unite in global jihad against their Christian oppressors. Yet despite Russia’s designation as an “arch-enemy” after a series of wars spanning centuries, the Ottoman Sultan excused the Chechens, Dagestanis, and Circassians from conducting jihad against Russia. This was an extraordinary omission, especially given Ottoman concerns about a “Russian fifth column” (the Ottoman Armenians), and the general effectiveness of religion as a unifying and mobilizing mechanism in this era. Why did the Ottomans not attempt to foment the very same kind of unrest in Russia that they feared from Armenians in Anatolia? This article addresses the historical mystery of the “missing Ottoman fatwa” against the Russians, through exploration of the preceding 50 years of conflict in the Caucasus and the over-arching context of Russo-Ottoman military rivalry and war. The article argues that the devastation of the Russian deportations and resettlement of North Caucasus populations prior to the 1877-78 Russo-Ottoman War led the Sultan to believe that the Caucasus Muslims were too weak to be used as an effective fighting force. This resulted in their excusal from armed jihad, while the perceived effectiveness of such programs simultaneously influenced the Ottoman adoption of similar programs contributing ultimately to the Armenian Genocide.
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Aghajanyan, Liana Alekseevna, et Ekaterina Andreevna Iagafova. « The «Union of Armenian Youth» in the structure of the Armenian Diaspora of Samara ». Samara Journal of Science 6, no 4 (1 décembre 2017) : 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201764217.
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The paper considers the forms and directions of the activity of the public organization - the Union of Armenian Youth (UAY) in the socio-cultural environment of Samara, and shows its role in the life of the regional community of Armenians. The UAY appeared in 2015 as a youth wing in Samara Armenian national-cultural autonomy Nairi. Currently it is engaged in organizing both youth events and large public events in the Armenian community. The main activities of the UAY are organization of national (Armenian) public events, thematic exhibitions, festivals in Samara and in the Samara Region; organization of work of national collectives; Sunday schools of the Armenian language, history and culture of the Armenian people; organization of participation of the UAY members in joint activities of other national public institutions on the territory of the Samara Region. The activities of the UAY are connected with the social life of the Armenian community of Samara and the region. Due to the activity of young people, the activities of Armenian public organizations are visible in the public space of the Samara Region. During a short period of time, the UAY has accumulated considerable experience of public activity, which contributes to the productive work of the organization. At the same time, there are some problems in its activity in cooperation with other Armenian organizations of the region. Being the most active part of the Armenian community of Samara, the UAY continues to develop dynamically, attracting new members to the organization and improving the forms of work in the Armenian community. The research is based on the analysis of field materials, the organizations archive and Internet resources.
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Tolstykh, Vladislav L. « Nagorny Karabakh — 2023 : Problems of International Legal Qualification ». Zakon 21, no 3 (mars 2024) : 122–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37239/0869-4400-2024-21-3-122-148.
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The Second Karabakh War of 2020, which ended with the defeat of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (NKR) and Armenia supporting it, reversed the balance of power but did not resolve the conflict. The absolute superiority of Azerbaijan — both military and political, the insufficient clarity of the Statement of 9 November, the remaining contradictions between the parties — all this created the preconditions for the Third War, which began on 19 September 2023 and lasted only one day. The eventual defeat of the NKR and the transfer of the entire region under Azerbaijani jurisdiction, however, does not appear to be the final point: Azerbaijan demands the eight occupied villages and insists on the extraterritoriality of the Zangezur corridor. This article continues an article published in 2021 and dedicated to the legal aspects of the 2020 conflict. The author describes developments after 2020; analyses the use of force and assesses new interpretations of Article 2(4) of the UN Charter; gives qualification to the blockade of the Lachin corridor and the Armenian exodus from Nagorno-Karabakh in autumn 2020; examines some aspects of the right to self-determination that became relevant in 2023; defines the remaining territorial disputes; and assesses the effectiveness of the settlement formats. In legal terms, the 2023 conflict significantly improved the position of Armenia and the Armenians of Nagorny Karabakh; in the final analysis, it can be argued that the blockade and the 19 September attack created the preconditions for a remedial secession, the realisation of which, however, is unrealistic. Some of the new qualifications are based on scientific hypotheses that reflect progressive trends in the development of law rather than being an established element of it. Politically, on the contrary, the conflict has seriously worsened Armenia’s situation. There are several scenarios for the development of events. The first assumes the satisfaction of all Azerbaijan’s claims and Armenia’s transition to a subordinate position; the second — modification of the status quo through compromise regimes built on the basis of mutual respect and equality; the third — restoration of the status quo as it existed or should have existed at the time of the collapse of the USSR. This scenario seems realistic and fair; its realisation, however, is impossible without the participation of external actors: Russia, Iran, Turkey, the West, the US and China. Unfortunately, the position of these actors is not consolidated, while the Caucasus is still perceived as a peripheral region unworthy of the attention paid to some other regions.
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Rinna, Anthony. « Yerevan’s Choice : Armenia and its Integration into the Eurasian Customs Union ». IRAN and the CAUCASUS 18, no 4 (6 décembre 2014) : 395–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573384x-20140407.
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In the fall of 2013, Armenia made the decision to accede to the Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia. Prior to this, the country had been involved in negotiations with the European Union regarding Armenian participation in a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement. While many were quick to assert that Armenia’s decision was based primarily on Russian pressure, closer analysis shows that Armenia’s decision to join the Eurasian Customs Union was taken based in large part on considerations such as the direct investment Armenia would receive from Russia, as well as strategic considerations involving Armenia’s neighbours in the South Caucasus and the Middle East. Armenia’s integration into Russia’s economic fold appears to be set for the foreseeable future.
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Davtyan, V., et S. Khachikyan. « Armenian NPP in Focus of Geopolitical Interests in South Caucasus ». World Economy and International Relations 67, no 8 (2023) : 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2023-67-8-121-128.
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The present research paper studies the impact of geopolitical processes on the development of Armenian “peaceful atom”. Nuclear energy has a key role in diversifying the energy system and ensuring the energy security of Armenia. The presence of nuclear capacities in the territory of Armenia is a strategic priority, taking into account the complex interstate relations in the South Caucasus and the danger of Armenia’s involvement in regional conflicts. However, at present stage of development of nuclear energy, Armenia faces certain challenges. On the way to answering these challenges Armenia deals with complex geopolitical processes and regional trends in the development of nuclear energy. The results of the study show the impact of geopolitical processes and regional transformations on the development of Armenian “peaceful atom”. At present, all states of the region, except for Georgia, are implementing or planning national programs for the development of “peaceful atom”. Plans and actions aimed at the development of nuclear energy in the South Caucasus necessitate the importance of further development of Armenian “peaceful atom” in order to maintain the country’s competitiveness at regional level. At the same time, nuclear energy in Armenia becomes a place for the clash of interests of certain geopolitical actors and an area for their competition. While the Russian participation is of decisive importance for the functioning and the development of nuclear energy in Armenia, the USA and the EU try to weaken the Russian participation in this area by providing their vision for the the development of the industry and implementing their own projects in the Armenian energy sector. Тhe integration processes in the EAEU and the EU, in turn, create certain obstacles, opportunities and prospects for nuclear energy in Armenia and lead to the cooperation with international structures, regional and geopolitical actors.
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Cheraghi, Mohammad A., Arpi Manookian et Alireza N. Nasrabadi. « Human dignity in religion-embedded cross-cultural nursing ». Nursing Ethics 21, no 8 (27 mars 2014) : 916–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014521095.
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Background: Although human dignity is an unconditional value of every human being, it can be shattered by extrinsic factors. It is necessary to discover the authentic meaning of patients’ dignity preservation from different religious perspectives to provide professional cross-cultural care in a diverse setting. Research objective: This article identifies common experiences of Iranian Muslim and Armenian Christian patients regarding dignified care at the bedside. Research design: This is a qualitative study of participants’ experiences of dignified care elicited by individual in-depth semi-structured interviews. Participants and research context: A purposeful sample of 10 participants (five Iranian Muslims and five Iranian Armenians) from various private and governmental hospital settings was chosen. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the ethics committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All the participants were provided with information about the purpose and the nature of the study, the voluntary condition of their participation in this study, and the anonymous reporting of recorded interviews. Findings: The common experiences of Christian and Muslim patients regarding dignity preservation emerged as “exigency of respecting human nobility” and “providing person-centered care.” Discussion and conclusion: It is essential to recognize the humanness and individuality of each patient to preserve and promote human dignity in diverse cross-cultural settings. The findings support and expand current understanding about the objective and subjective nature of dignity preservation in cross-cultural nursing.
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Manukyan, Samvel A. « Public Opinion in Armenia on the Greater Russian Space Before and After the Second Karabakh War ». Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost, no 3 (15 décembre 2023) : 109–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869049923030085.
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The problem of Armenia’s geopolitical choice in the context of world-system analysis and the history of Armenia in the 20th and early 21st centuries is considered. It is concluded that geopolitical configuration in Transcaucasia today and 100 years ago are similar, and said similarity determines an adequate geopolitical choice for Armenia in modern conditions - integration with the Greater Russian space. The dynamics of attitudes in Armenian society towards Russia as the best ally of Armenia, and France as the main competitor of Russia during 2011-2022 is given. In this context, the impact of the 44-day Karabakh war on attitudes towards the Greater Russian space is estimated. The analysis is based on two indicators - the attitude towards the USSR and the attitude towards Armenia’s accession to the Union State of Russia-Belarus. The systems of argumentation of supporters and opponents of the USSR are identified, as well as their transformation after the 44-day war and the factors influencing the attitude of society towards the Greater Russian space. Armenian society was segmented into pro-Russian, pro-Western, mixed, and not having an accentuated orientation sectors. An assessment of the sizes of these segments, as well as a comparative analysis of their main characteristics was carried out. These characteristics include (but not limited to): the level of loyalty to the country’s political course, electoral participation, information preferences, trust in state and public institutions. The presented empirical material was obtained by secondary analysis of the databases of nationwide representative sociological surveys “Caucasian Barometer” for 2011-2022, carried out by the Caucasus Research Resource Centers. The results of other sociological surveys are also presented.
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Babich, I. L. « HISTORICAL PARADIGM OF RUSSIANARMENIAN GEOPOLITICAL RELATIONS (THE CASE OF PARTICIPATION OF ARMENIANS IN RUSSIAN MASONIC LODGES IN FRANCE, 1919-1939) ». Historical and social-educational ideas 8, no 5/2 (1 janvier 2016) : 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2016-8-5/2-43-52.
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Aliyeva, Nurlana. « Armenian claims to Nakhchivan and its impact to the historical geography of the region (1918–1924s years) ». Grani 23, no 3 (10 mars 2020) : 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/172034.
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Azerbaijan People Republic the new sovereign state, created in May 1918 in the Muslim East, has lived and worked in hard and difficult conditions for 23 months. The Republic had to fight against the political and economic policies of the world's major powers, including Russia, the United States, England and France, and resorted to all means to maintain its sovereignty, and faced very complex challenges along the way. Under the pressure of these states, on May 29, 1918, the National Council of Azerbaijan was forced to decide on the issue of Iravan to the armenians in order to maintain their sovereignty while discussing the border problem between Azerbaijan and Armenia and he considered this decision a "historic necessity", a "unavoidable disaster" for heartbreak. During the Azerbaijan People Republic, neighboring countries made a number of territorial claims against Azerbaijan. At that time, its territory was 113.895, 97 sq. km. Its 97,296,67 sq. km was undeniable, and 16,598,30 sq. km was disputed. To resolve such issues, the Treaty of Friendship was first signed on June 4, 1918, between the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Azerbaijan. It was the first agreement signed by the Azerbaijan People Republic with any foreign state. The second article of the Batumi Treaty sets the border between Azerbaijan, Georgia and Armenia. According to the Batumi contract, Azerbaijan also suffered territorial losses. According to the agreement, the Sharur section of the Sharur-Daralayaz province and the Nakhchivan accident, except for Ordubad, were transferred to Turkey. In addition, the regions of Kamarly, Ulukhanli and Vedibasar of the Iravan provincewere transferred to Turkey. On March 12, 1921, the Moscow Treaty was signed. With the participation of a representative of the Soviet Russia to clarify some of the territories following the Moscow Treaty, Turkey signed an agreement on October 13, 1921, between the three South Caucasus republics. With the participation of a representative of the Soviet Russia to clarify some of the territories following the Moscow treaty, Turkey signed an agreement on October 13, 1921, between the three South Caucasus republics. The contract consisted of 20 articles and 3 annexes. A number of provisions of this treaty were consistent with the relevant articles of the Moscow Treaty. In general, this document was rejecting unequal rights, forcible contracts, and the Sevr treaty. Article 5 of the agreement was directly related to the fate of Nakhchivan. Thus, the Moscow and Kars treaties also resolved Nakhchivan's autonomy status.
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Harzl, Benedikt, et Aistė Mickonytė. « Armenia Caught Between (In-)Compatible Legal Orders : Paths of Competitive and Cumulative Integration ». osteuropa recht 65, no 1 (2019) : 106–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0030-6444-2019-1-106.
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In 2013, Armenia abandoned the plan to sign the Association Agreement and to establish a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) with the EU. Instead, it acceded to the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Against this U-turn in Armenia’s integration agenda, this contribution critically investigates the (in)compatibility of participation in the European and the Eurasian legal orders. While the customs union-based regional integration processes preclude Armenia’s participation in both, the authors argue that the strict dichotomy of having to choose one or another transnational legal order and the subsequent legal and political divisions harm Armenia and hamper the achievement of objectives inherent to the EU’s Eastern Neighborhood. It will be argued that this dichotomy may be overcome by a rapprochement between the EU and the EAEU, potentially through contractual relations. Moreover the creative ways in which the EU already provides for differentiated integration could be adapted to enable Armenia reconcile legal approximation with the EU with its engagement within the Eurasian region.
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Skrypnyk, Olena. « PARTICIPATION OF THE EU IN THE SETTLEMENT OF THE ARMENIAN-AZERBAIJANI CONFLICT IN NAGORNO-KARABAKH REGION ». European Historical Studies, no 26 (2023) : 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2023.26.3.
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The article highlights the reasons for the conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the Nagorno-Karabakh region. The position of the European Union regarding this conflict is analyzed. It has been found that since the beginning of the conflict, the European Union has not actively participated in its settlement and its policy has been weak. The EU has often expressed its support for the negotiation process under the auspices of the OSCE Minsk Group. The change in the attitude of the EU to this conflict after the introduction of the Eastern Partnership program, which included both Armenia and Azerbaijan, is characterized. An assessment of the consideration of the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict at the Eastern Partnership summits is given, namely, at the Eastern Partnership Summit in 2021, the EU’s attitude to the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict is changing, the EU’s participation in the peaceful settlement of the conflict is increasing. The importance of the created initiative «European Political Community» in the negotiation process regarding the settlement of this conflict was considered. In the course of the study, it was concluded that from 2021, the European Union will become an active participant in the negotiation process regarding the settlement of the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict. After Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the EU is further strengthening its mediation in the negotiation process. At the current stage, three rounds of negotiations between the parties to the conflict took place with the mediation of the EU, thus, the European Union is trying to reduce the influence of Russia in the (not) settlement of the conflict. In turn, from 2022, Armenia is also interested in greater influence of the EU in the negotiation process and at her request; the civilian mission of the European Union in Armenia – EUMA Armenia – was created. Through its presence, EUMA Armenia contributes to the security of people in conflict-affected areas of Armenia and makes an impact on the strengthening of trust on the ground. The country also contributes to the creation of an environment favorable to the normalization of relations between Armenia and Azerbaijan with EU support.
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Andreeva, O. M., et L. Avetisyan. « PECULIARITIES OF ARMENIAN NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES ». Actual Problems of International Relations, no 138 (2019) : 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2018.138.0.4-13.
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It is stated that the Armenian community in the USA is one of the largest and most influential in the world. It is proved that the numerous Armenian community of the USA plays a prominent role in the development of Armenian-American relations. It is shown that the urgent issues for the development of the Armenian Diaspora is to overcome contradictions and competition within the Armenian Diaspora, especially among its most active organizations dealing with political issues. It will solve specific foreign policy tasks and promote the unification of the Armenian Diaspora based on group identity and common goals. The Armenian organizations, acting separately, complicate integration and unification within the community itself, lead to competition and disunity in defending its interests not only in the United States, but also in the world. It is determined that numerous Armenian Diaspora, famous and influential personalities of Armenian origin, national organizations and lobby groups are the “soft power” of Armenia. The Diaspora provides significant and comprehensive support to Armenian diplomacy in advancing national interests, especially in matters of international recognition and condemnation of the Armenian Genocide, the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and overcoming the many economic problems that Armenia faces today. During the post-bipolar period, the Armenian Diaspora in America was quite active namely because of participation in various international organizations. To a certain extent, the Diaspora of Armenia followed the common tradition of using intergovernmental and intergovernmental associations to solve the problems of their states. On the other hand, the Armenian Diaspora confidently applied the method of "complementarily policy". This policy envisaged the deep involvement of the Republic of Armenia in the process of discussing and promoting projects of international organizations of various levels in the foreign policy of leading, influential states of the world and, first of all, the United States. In this regard, it is relevant to study the active and successful activities of the Armenian Diaspora in the United States. It is proved that Armenian Diaspora, with its rich international experience, seeks to integrate into American politics, which represents valuable experience for Ukraine, which has a significant Diaspora in the USA and Canada.
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Katagoshchina, Mariya V. « PRIVATE COLLECTION AS A SPACE FOR RUSSIA AND ARMENIA CULTURAL INTERACTION (TRADITION AND MODERNITY) ». RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, no 1 (2023) : 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2023-1-57-71.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The paper discusses the role of private collecting phenomenon in the formation of cultural ties between Russia and Armenia in the 20th – early 21st centuries. Private collecting and patronage are deeply rooted in the intellectual tradition of Armenia, including in the Armenian diaspora in Russia, France, the United States and other regions of the world. This circumstance led to the participation of a number of prominent representatives of the Russian-Armenian collection community in many state and public projects, including those related to the development of cultural cooperation between Russia and Armenia in the post-Soviet period. The subject of the study is the collecting and educational activities of the leading collectors of the Soviet period and the present (A.Ya. Abrahamyan, V.A. Dudakova, A.I. Shadrin), which influenced the formation of the Russian-Armenian cultural dialogue. The author also focuses on the implementation of exhibition projects of the Museum of Russian Art in Yerevan, the Armenian Cultural Center in Moscow and a number of other cultural institutions, the history and modern development of which are connected with the world of private collecting. The article focuses on the cultural interaction between Russia and Armenia in the activities of the structures of the international antiques and art market. The author sets himself the task, using the example of Russia and Armenia, to show the integration of the modern world of private collecting into the sphere of public diplomacy and international cultural exchange in the post-Soviet space.
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Mokhnacheva, Y. V. « Russian-Armenian scientific cooperation from the viewpoint of joint publication activity (on DBs «Web of Science Core Collection», «Scopus», Russian Science Citation Index for 2005-2014) ». Bibliosphere, no 3 (30 septembre 2016) : 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/1815-3186-2016-3-53-59.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Commonwealth of Independent States creation in 1991 was a new reality for cooperation and development of post-Soviet states. Russia and Armenia have long close and stable relations in the scientific-educational sphere. The article objective is to evaluate the joint Russian-Armenian documentary flow in various scientific fields for ten years (2005-2014). As the research information base three main resources were studied that allow analyzing the co-publication activity: «Web of Science Core Collection» (Thomson Reuters); Scopus (Elsevier); RISC (OLC «Scientific Electronic Library»). Research articles and reviews were considered. The Russian-Armenian documentary flow dynamics was studied with the differentiation by arrays: publications, whose authors are both the Russian and Armenian scientists; publication created with and without participation in major international collaborations; publications involving authors of third countries; publication without the participation of third countries authors. Evaluation indicators of the joint Russian-Armenian publication activity were: the publications number dynamics; average citation; frequency distribution of publications on periodicals; frequency distribution of joint publications on areas of knowledge. The study reveals growing the number of publications, whose authors are Russian and Armenian scientists working in large international collaborations (ATLAS, CMS Collaboration, ALICE Collaboration, etc.) recent years. Such publications citation is quite high: the level of citation exceeds the world average parameters two-seven times for these years. The level of the cited publication carried on without international collaborations is 62-155% of the world average indicators. The documentary flow out of collaborations, but with the participation of third countries authors has a varied dynamic with an average growth rate about 1% (WoS) to 2% (Scopus). The main co-author states as «third» countries are: Germany, Italy, the USA and the UK. Main cooperation between Russia and Armenia takes place in physics and astronomy (about 1/2 of joint publications); chemistry (8%) and biology (6%) and material science (6%). Sciences spectrum of joint research is represented by 23 branches of knowledge. The study results showed a high level of the Russian-Armenian scientific ties with good development potential.
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Papian, Ara. « The Arbitral Award on Turkish-Armenian Boundary by Woodrow Wilson (Historical Background, Legal Aspects, and International Dimensions) ». Iran and the Caucasus 11, no 2 (2007) : 255–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338407x265487.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractThe paper is a complex study of the history of the involvement of Woodrow Wilson (the 28th President of the USA, 1913-1921), in the fate of Armenian people after WWI and the Republic Armenia (1918-1920), especially in determining the boundary between Armenia and Turkey. It presents an analysis of Wilson's Arbitral Award according to the international law and the United Nation's official methodology. The article focuses on the historical background, legal aspects and political implications of Wilson's Arbitral Award (November 22, 1920), officially titled: Decision of the President of the United States of America respecting the Frontier between Turkey and Armenia, Access for Armenia to the Sea, and the Demilitarization of Turkish Territory adjacent to the Armenian Frontier. The Arbitration's significance goes beyond Armenian-Turkish and Armenian-US relations. Border conflicts are still relevant issues on the regional and international agenda. American involvement in the Middle East is one of the key components of the United States' present foreign policy. An accurate and a broad understanding of the nuances of the extremely complex legal situation in the region and the bases for the behaviour of the players can be vital for the security, political and economic interests of the region. Moreover, due to the active participation of the United States in the Armenian-Turkish relations through Wilson's Arbitration, the Arbitral Award becomes a logical starting point for a stronger historical, political, and legal understanding of the conflict-prone region. The article also contributes to the better understanding of President Wilson's policy towards the Middle East during the dramatic period of 1917-1921 and its possible consequences for critical relationships in the region today.
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Pevnaya, M. V., E. A. Shuklina, A. N. Tarasova et L. A. Asoyan. « Social Participation of the Russian and Armenian Students in the Socio-Cultural Development of Cities ». Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia 29, no 7 (29 juillet 2020) : 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2020-29-7-43-55.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The article was prepared on the basis of an international comparative study – a sociological survey of students from regional universities from 37 cities in the Sverdlovsk region of the Russian Federation and 20 settlements of the Shirak region in the Republic of Armenia (targeted sample, No. = 715). The authors explore the potential for social participation of students from countries with a common political background of post-socialism and cardinal differences in the cultural and historical heritage of urban spaces.The purpose of this article is to determine the potential for social participation of students of regional universities in Russia and Armenia and the subjective factors that determine their activity in the development of cities. The article analyzes the experience of volunteering, as well as the willingness of students to different types of constructive social participation in urban development. To identify factors that activate the social participation of students, a discriminant analysis has been used. Discriminant models were constructed dividing groups of students from different countries with a high and low degree of readiness for social participation, as well as into groups with and without volunteering experience. The authors argue that Russia and Armenia are characterized by an identical structure of student involvement in volunteer activities, but the level of students’ readiness for social participation in urban development in the countries under consideration is different. For Armenian students, not only the willingness for social participation is higher, but also the practices themselves are more associated with active socio-cultural activities in the urban space. Two factors that determine the experience of real participation in the socio-cultural development of cities are characteristic of both Russian and Armenian students. The real experience of volunteering is more likely to be acquired by those students who are motivated to receive information about the culture and history of their cities, as well as the ability to see and identify significant cultural and historical objects where they live and study. In the Russian scenario, the importance of the city, the need for its development increases for students if they, being armed with certain knowledge about its culture and history, consider that the city is an interesting object (including a tourist one) for promotion. For Armenian students, knowledge of the culture and history of their place of birth is a basic factor that shapes their interest in further exploring their cities, the desire to make them better.
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Ağamirzə qızı Abdullayeva, Maya. « REFLECTION OF THE NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT IN ISMAYIL SARYAL'S MEMOIR NOVEL "BAKU RUZGARI" ». SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 08, no 4 (27 avril 2022) : 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2789-6919/08/11-14.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Məqalədə mühacirət ədəbiyyatının az tanınan nümayəndələrindən olan İsmayıl Saryalın mühacirətdə yazdığı “Baki rüzgari” romanı haqqında məlumat verilmişdir. Roman xatirə təsiri bağışlayır və milli istiqlal hərəkatınının ən incə məqamlarını real faktlarla bizə açıb göstərir. Yazıçı öz timsalında o dövrün siyasi vəziyyətini son dərəcə bədii boyalarla təsvir etmişdir. Xalqımızın tarixində istiqlal mücadiləsinin bütün mərhələləri, ermənilərin xalqımıza qarşı törətdiyi qırğınlar, Nuru Paşanın başçılığı ilə Qafqaz İslam ordusunun Azərbaycana gəlişi, xalqımızın onu böyük sevinclə qarşılaması, müstəqil Azərbaycan dövlətinin yaradılmasında Osmanlı türklərinin iştirakı kimi tarixi faktlar bədii dillə daha da qürurlandırıcı bir tərzdə təsvir olunmuşdur. Açar sözlər: İsmayıl Saryal, roman, Bakı rüzgarı, mühacirət ədəbiyyatı Maya Agamirze Abdullayeva REFLECTION OF THE NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT IN ISMAYIL SARYAL'S MEMOIR NOVEL "BAKU RUZGARI" Abstract The article provides information about the novel "Baku Wind" written by Ismail Saryal, one of the lesser-known representatives of emigration literature. The novel is a memorable novel and reveals to us the most subtle aspects of the national independence movement with real facts. The writer described the political situation of that time in a very artistic way. All stages of the struggle for independence in the history of our people, the massacres committed by Armenians against our people, the arrival of the Caucasian Islamic Army led by Nuru Pasha in Azerbaijan, the great joy of our people, the participation of Ottoman Turks in the establishment of an independent Azerbaijani state are described in more artistic terms. Key words: Ismail Saryal, novel, “Baku ruzgarı”, emigration literature
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Msryan, Sonya. « Public Awareness and Participation in Local Selfgovernance in Armenia ». Journal of Sociology : Bulletin of Yerevan University 11, no 1 (31) (25 juin 2020) : 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/bysu:f/2020.11.1.036.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Raising public awareness and active participation in local self-government is a key component of governance instruments, public organizations and social initiatives in Armenia aimed at achieving “good governance” and strengthening democracy. However, there is no interest in the local self-government system in the Armenian society. This study analyzes the degree of public awareness of LSG and its participation in it in a comparative perspective for 2015 and 2019. In particular, the article is aimed at identifying the structure of the Armenian society using two main dimensions: public awareness of LSG and participation in LSG. For the existing variables, public participation in LSG was impossible to measure, while the result of measuring public awareness of LSG was sufficient. One separate variable was chosen as an indicator of participation in LSG. An index of public awareness about LSG was created. The cluster analysis revealed three clusters that make up society in 2015 and four clusters for 2019. The analysis showed that the overwhelming majority of the population has a low level of knowledge about LSG and public participation both in 2015 and 2019. In 2015, only 2.4% of the population had a high level of participation and awareness of LSG, which dropped to 1.8% in 2019.
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Tovmasyan, Gayane, Samvel Avetisyan, Kristine Tatosyan, Lusya Mirijanyan, Inga Galustyan et Argine Rushanyan. « Analyzing the Demand of Agritourism for International Tourist in Armenia ». Marketing and Management of Innovations, no 4 (2020) : 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2020.4-07.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper summarises the arguments and counterarguments in the frame of the scientific discussion on the issue of agritourism development in Armenia. The research aims at analyzing the demand for agritourism development for international tourists in Armenia, find out their needs. The analysis of the available literature sources and approaches shows the essence of agritourism, its activities, functions, needs of tourists. Armenia has a rich history and culture, beautiful nature, delicious cuisine, Armenian villages have a traditional way of life and ethnic diversity. All these factors are important for developing agritourism in rural places offering various activities for tourists: participation in agricultural activities, farming, animal care, hunting, fishing, horseback riding, beekeeping, carpet weaving, handicrafts, harvesting, winemaking, making national dishes, baking bread, also visiting historical and cultural places, participation in various festivals, etc. Investigation of the topic in the paper is carried out in the following rational arrangement. The essence and significance of agritourism in the literature are discussed, then a survey is done among international tourists to find out their needs. The results of the empirical analysis are presented in the paper, which shows that Armenia is considered a quiet and beautiful place for tourists who wish to rest in Armenian rural places, participate in many activities. The Pearson Chi-square testing shows some significant relationships between some factors. Mainly unmarried people want to rest in rural places alone or with friends, and they are willing to pay more than married people who have children. The tourists have also made some suggestions for agritourism development in Armenia: making everything more natural and fresher, doing good marketing, organizing pieces of training for local people and farmers, etc. The research results may be useful for developing agritourism in rural areas by organizing good strategies and marketing plans. Keywords: agritourism, agritourism activities, marketing, rural places, tourism.
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Houtchens, Bruce A., Terry P. Clemmer, Harry C. Holloway, Alexander A. Kiselev, James S. Logan, Ronald C. Merrell, Arnauld E. Nicogossian et al. « Telemedicine and International Disaster Response : Medical Consultation to Armenia and Russia Via a Telemedicine Spacebridge ». Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 8, no 1 (mars 1993) : 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00040024.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractIntroduction:The Telemedicine Spacebridge, a satellite-mediated, audio-video-fax link between four United States and two Armenian and Russian medical centers, permitted remote American consultants to assist Armenian and Russian physicians in the management of medical problems following the December 1988 earthquake in Armenia and the June 1989 gas explosion near Ufa.Methods:During 12 weeks of operations, 247 Armenian and Russian and 175 American medical professionals participated in 34 half-day clinical conferences. A total of 209 patients were discussed, requiring expertise in 20 specialty areas.Results:Telemedicine consultations resulted in altered diagnoses for 54, new diagnostic studies for 70, altered diagnostic processes for 47 and modified treatment plans for 47 of 185 Armenian patients presented. Simultaneous participation of several US medical centers was judged beneficial; quality of data transmission was judged excellent.Conclusion:These results suggest that interactive consultation by remote specialists can provide valuable assistance to on-site physicians and favorably influence clinical decisions in the aftermath of major disasters.
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Shumilov, M. M., et Yu M. Shumilov. « External Factors of the Armenian-Azerbaijani Conflict in the Context of the Second Karabakh War ». EURASIAN INTEGRATION : economics, law, politics 16, no 3 (14 octobre 2022) : 126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2022-03-126-136.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Aim. To identify the features of the behavior of external actors in the South Caucasus during the Second Karabakh War and rank them according to the degree of influence on the events, outcomes, and settlement of the post-conflict situation.Tasks. To find out the main reasons for Armenia’s military defeat, as well as the extent of involvement in the armed conflict and post-conflict settlement of Turkey, Great Britain, Iran, the USA, France, the OSCE Minsk Group and the EU.Methods. Among the techniques and ways to achieve the stated goal of the study, the methods of comparative analysis, which allowed by comparing the degree of involvement and role in the conflict to identify beneficiaries and the most promising applicants for participation in post-conflict settlement; structural and functional analysis aimed at identifying connections, relationships and mediations between the participants of the events under consideration.Results. The analysis of the interested and motivated behavior of Turkey, Iran, the UK, the USA, France, the Minsk Group, and the EU in the 44-day armed conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan was carried out. An attempt is made to rank external actors according to the degree of influence on the course and outcome of the war; the main reasons for Armenia’s military defeat are established; Iran’s behavior and role in the conditions of war and post-conflict settlement are characterized; Azerbaijan’s support in the conflict by the countries of the Turkic Council is shown; the involvement of Turkey and Great Britain in the war is established; The role of Russia in the end of the war was determined; the positions of the USA and France as co-chairs of the OSCE Minsk Group were clarified; the EU’s application for mediation in the settlement of the Armenian-Azerbaijani contradictions was assessed.Conclusions. Contrary to numerous opinions about the paralysis of Russia’s political will in the South Caucasus, it was Russia that, following the results of the Second Karabakh War, managed to strengthen its position and role in regional politics, unite its allies — Armenia and Azerbaijan — around it, inspire them with an understanding of the need to end armed confrontation in the conflict zone, and propose a realistic program of joint actions towards its political settlement.
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Papazyan, Kristina Lernikovna. « The final period of G.Kh. Chalkushyan’s public activity (1918–1930) ». Samara Journal of Science 12, no 1 (29 juin 2023) : 176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2023121207.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The paper is devoted to the final period of charitable and social activities of the famous public figure of the Armenian city of Nakhichevan-on-Don Grigory Khristoforovich Chalkhushyan (18611939). Chalkhushyans activities were truly multifaceted. As a member of the city Duma, he actively participated in solving city affairs. His activities covered issues of charity, education of the younger generation. However, after the outbreak of the First World War and the genocide of the population of Western Armenia, they acquired other features. When the flows of refugees poured into the South of Russia, he had to deal with the settlement of refugees, which included their resettlement, provision of clothing, medicines, and even their employment. He repeatedly happened to travel to the Caucasus, and on the spot to solve urgent issues of saving refugees. From the pages of the periodical press, he appealed to the feelings of those in power, urging them to donate funds in the name of saving the destitute. With his active participation, Armenian refugees who ended up in the South of Russia returned to the liberated regions of Armenia. For a short period of time, he served as the Consul of the Armenian Republic in Nakhichevan-on-Don. He became an active member of the Red Cross Society, helping the Armenian refugees in Romania. In the last years of his life, he returned to his native Nakhichevan-on-Don, where he took up advocacy.
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ATANESYAN, ARTHUR. « SOME POLITICAL-ECONOMIC FACTORS OF PERCEPTION OF EUROPE IN ARMENIAN SOCIETY ». Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 12, no 3 (12 décembre 2016) : 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v12i3.148.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The article discusses the possible impact of such events as economic crisis in the EU, unprecedented immigration to the EU countries from the Middle East and social changes in European societies on perception of the image of «Europe» outside its borders. Armenian society used to perceive «Europe» not only because of the events mentioned, but based on much more essential factors including Armenian national identity and its correlations with «Europe», socioeconomicties with the EU, as well as participation in the alternative projects, such as membership in the Eurasian Economic Union. Besides, being affected by the Russian Media space and having an impact of Russia-made approaches and stereotypes about Europe, Armenia has its specific scope of arguments and factors which make its perception of «Europe» different.
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Oksinenko, V. G. « Experience in Using Sample Surveys in Assessing the Prerequisites for Emigration to Russia (On the example of the Republic of Armenia) ». Voprosy statistiki 29, no 5 (3 novembre 2022) : 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.34023/2313-6383-2022-29-5-61-71.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this work is to examine the characteristics of households in the Republic of Armenia that send migrants to Russia compared with households that do not have migrants or that are not in Russia. The author used data from the sample survey – the Household’s Integrated Living Conditions Survey in the Republic of Armenia. The relevance of the study is emphasized, in particular, in connection with Armenia's accession to the EAEU and the creation of a single labor market.The article focuses on the survey programme, which includes questions that allow to characterize households by various parameters (in particular by household size, average per capita income, level of education, proportion of women, children and elderly in a household, migration component).The paper analyses households included in the survey (with household members who emigrated to the Russian Federation). Comparing this group with households without migrants or with migrants in other countries and regions shows that Russia is mainly chosen by labor migrants from households that live in rural areas, have a relatively small proportion of children, women, and the elderly. At the same time, such households are more numerous, the age of their heads is within the limits of the senior working age, and the proportion of working members is higher than in other households. Statistical analysis based on the data of the sample survey under consideration suggests that emigration to Russia is chosen mainly by households with a relatively low level of financial well-being. Thus, for a certain part of Armenian households, participation in labor migration to Russia is, in their opinion, a keyway to obtain a livelihood or an opportunity to increase the level of financial well-being of the entire household.
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Geghamyan, Sophya, et Katarina Pavlickova. « Does the Current State of Environmental Impact Assessment in Armenia Pose a Challenge for the Future ? » Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 21, no 02 (juin 2019) : 1950004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333219500042.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Many post-Soviet countries are still improving their Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) systems, and Armenia is no exception. In recent years, approximation to and harmonisation with the laws of the European Union has seen Armenia increasingly adopt and apply EU regulations and directives, and this process was supported by adoption of the new law on EIA and Expertise in 2014. The main objectives of this study are to review and analyse the current state of the Armenian EIA system and to assess its legal framework. We applied a method divided into two parts: review and analysis of the legislative aspects of the EIA system in Armenia and the circulation of a survey-questionnaire to EIA experts to establish current practices. The findings of this research provided positive and negative factors which can both be used to improve the assessment system in Armenia. While the most significant EIA strength combines the existence of a systematic law and public involvement in this process, the law has weaknesses in its monitoring, informative and quality control provisions. Moreover, public participation has many weaknesses in practice, including the definition of stakeholders and the lack of guidelines and manuals which challenges expert action. Finally, this paper has explored the major positives and negatives of the Armenian EIA system in practice, and we consider that this should help other Former Soviet Union (FSU) countries define and combat the challenges of their EIA systems.
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KOCHARYAN, TIGRAN, et HAYK GHOULYAN. « INVOLVEMENT AND PARTICIPATION OF FRANCE IN THE NEGOTIATION PROCESS ON KARABAKH CONFLICT SETTLEMENT ». Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology 12, no 3 (12 décembre 2016) : 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v12i3.144.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Presented article analysis shows that France, as a co-chair of the Minsk Group, is involved in the peace process in Nagorno-Karabakh, and acting in the name of peace, tends to take over balanced positions. French government was forced to take into account the interests of the conflicting parties and at the same time promote their own energy, trade and economic, as well as political and military interests in the region. Let us not forget the process of the Francophonie,which also plays a great role. However, more than twenty years’ history of the settlement shows that France is close to the diplomacy of Armenia than Azerbaijan. This has also contributed to the historical ties between the Armenian and French nations and the two countries.
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Ստեփանյան, Գոհար. « Տոնը և կոլեկտիվ տրավման. 2021-ի այլ Ամանորը հայկական միջավայրում ». Herald of Social Sciences 1 (27 avril 2023) : 247–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53548/0320-8117-2023.1-247.
Texte intégralRésumé :
2020 թ. 44-օրյա պատերազմով պայմանավորված կոլեկտիվ տրավմայի հուշայնացման թերևս առաջին հանրային մեծ ընդգրկում ունեցող ծեսը դարձավ Ամանորը։ Տոնի և հատկապես ամանորյա տոնի գլխավոր՝ հասարակությանը միավորող գործառույթը հետպատերազմյան շրջանում հատուկ դեր ունեցավ պատերազմի տրավման վերապրելու գործում։ Այն դրսևորվեց հայությանը Հայաստանում, Արցախում և Սփյուռքում կորստի և սգի շուրջ համախմբելու մեջ՝ միաժամանակ ակտիվացնելով պատերազմի անձնականացման և ազգընտանիքի կոնցեպտները։ Այս իմաստով, 2021-ի Ամանորը եկավ վերահաստատելու իր` թերևս առավել կենսունակ կապը վերականգնված նախատոնի հետ։ Տոնական ծանոթ վիզուալ, ակուստիկ, համային-հոտային ձևավորումների փոխակերպումները որդեգրվեցին հանրույթի կողմից լուռ համաձայնության շնորհիվ։ Իսկ տոնի գլխավոր խորհրդանիշը՝ տոնածառը, հավատարիմ ծիսական խորհրդանիշների՝ աշխարհն ամբողջացնելու սկզբունքին, միավորեց համայնքը (ընտանիքի կամ համայնքի բոլոր անդամների այս կամ այն մասնակցությունը տոնածառի հարդարմանը), ազգ-պետությունը (Եռագույնների ներկայությունը) և ընտանիք-պետությունը (զոհված/կենդանի զինվորների ներկայությունը)։ Новый 2021 год стал, пожалуй, первым масштабным публичным ритуалом мемориализации коллективной травмы, причиненной 44-дневной войной 2020 года. Основная объединяющая функция праздника, и особенно новогоднего праздника, сыграла особую роль в послевоенное время, одновременно активизируя концепции персонализации войны и нации-семьи. В этом смысле Новый 2021 год вновь подтвердил свою связь с восстановленным первобытным праздником. Имевшие место трансформации привычных визуальных, акустических, вкусовых и обонятельных оформлений праздника были приняты публикой в результате молчаливого согласия граждан. А главный символ праздника – елка, объединила общину (то или иное участие всех членов семьи или общины в украшении елки), нацию-государство (наличие Триколора) и семью-государство (присутствие мертвых/живых солдат). New Year's Eve was perhaps the first large-scale public ritual of memorialization of the collective trauma caused by the 44-day war in 2020. The main unifying function of the holiday, and especially the New Year holiday, played a special role in the post-war period in experiencing the trauma of the war. It manifested itself in the unification of the Armenians of Armenia, Artsakh and the Diaspora around loss and grief, while simultaneously activat-ing the concepts of personalization of war and the nation-family. In this sense, the New Year 2021 has once again confirmed its perhaps most striking connection with the restored primitive festival. This article discusses the transformation of the habitual visual, acoustic, gustatory, and olfactory designs of the holiday, which were accepted by the public as a result of tacit consent. And the main symbol of the holiday, the Christmas tree, faithful to the principle of completing the world, united the community (participation of all family or community members in decorating the Christmas tree), the nation-state (the presence of the Tricolor) and the family-state (the presence of dead / living soldiers).
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Osipian, Alexandr. « The Lasting Echo of the Battle of Grunwald : the Uses of the Past in the Trials between the Armenian Community of Lemberg and the Catholic Patricians in 1578–1631 ». Russian History 38, no 2 (2011) : 243–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633111x566057.
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AbstractThe article deals with the historical imagination in the burgher's milieu in the late Renaissance Polish kingdom. The main aim of the article is the investigation of the changes that occurred in the perception of the remote past. The article focuses on the mechanisms of a usable past construction. In 1578, in order to obtain equal economic rights with the dominant Catholic burghers – mostly of German origin – in Lemberg, local Armenians stated that their ancestors were invited by the Galician prince Daniel and were then settled by his son Lev/Leon (1264-1301) in Lviv at the time of the city's foundation. In 1597, in their complaint, Catholics allowed that the statement of the invitation of the Armenian ancestors was a real fact but accused "Armenian warriors" for participating in the hostile incursions led by Prince Daniel or Lev together with the Tatars in the 1250s-1280s against Poland. In this way, the magistrate won the trial in 1600. I argue that for their pseudo-historical argument Catholic patricians creatively reinterpreted some passages from Marcin Cromer's book "On the origins and deeds of the Poles" (1555, 1558, 1562, 1568, 1589). Then, Armenians changed their tactics and stated in 1631 that their noble ancestors took an active part in the wars between Poland and Teutonic Order in late fourteenth – early fifteenth centuries. Thus Armenians converted their ancestors into good patriots of Poland when the Germans were the main enemies. During the trials townspeople perceived changes in their past. It also reflects a level of historical reading in Polish history and the emergence of the Battle of Grunwald battle as part of a Polish national myth. Thus Renaissance book-printing and book-collecting directly influenced the burgher's historical imagination and their judicial argument. City elites "privatized" a book, which had been sacral property of Church, and made it their tool to use for their practical needs. They also privatized and instrumentalized the based-on-books past. The arguments used by both sides during their conflict correlated with the urban elites' aspirations to acquire noble status. It also reflects the process of transmission of high culture models – Sarmatian Renaissance – to the lower estates of the Kingdom.
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Hovakimyan, Hasmik, Milena Klimek, Bernhard Freyer et Stefan Vogel. « Participation in Higher Education Curricula Development in Armenia and Possible Effects for the Labour Market—The Case of an “Organic Agriculture” Master’s Program ». Social Sciences 10, no 9 (4 septembre 2021) : 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10090331.
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Weak or unstructured stakeholder participation in higher education curricula development still remains a problem in Armenia. Change in outdated curricula development processes is needed, as they often do not meet students’ needs; do not adopt innovative teaching methods or tools; and do not fit the labour market’s demand. This paper traces the evolution of the participatory curriculum development process of the Organic Agriculture Master’s program at the Armenian National Agrarian University (ANAU). Prioritizing mainly qualitative methods of research, five relevant stakeholder groups with approximately 10–12 members each at varying levels were involved in this action research. Additionally, paper-based and online surveys were conducted with 290 ANAU students. The results focus on the conceptual mapping of the process of participatory action research, bridging its relevance to the Armenian labour market’s needs. Moreover, the results highlight lessons learned from the process—shaping them around significant theories for participatory action research—and underline the possibilities of the Organic Agriculture Master’s development process as a model program at ANAU and perhaps elsewhere.
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Bystrova, T. Yu, M. V. Pevnaya et L. A. Asoyan. « lace of Youth Initiatives in the Cultural Landscape of Gyumri ». Izvestia Ural Federal University Journal Series 1. Issues in Education, Science and Culture 27, no 4 (2021) : 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv1.2021.27.4.080.
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The article analyses the characteristics of the cultural landscape of one of the largest Armenian cities — Gyumri — in terms of youth participation in its formation. The research is based on the case study conducted by the authors in the spring of 2021. Following the analysis of documents, the results of participant observation, expert and group interviews, an assessment was made of the historical foundations of the cultural landscape of the city, potentially expanding the prospects of urban projects with youth participation, included or excluded from their practice of organizing them in the “cultural capital of Armenia”. The features of the relationship of the cultural landscape of Gyumri as a city that survived not only the Genocide of 1915–1923, but also the earthquakes of 1989 and 1999, with the level and focus of youth initiatives of the 2020s were revealed.
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Sharapov, V. V., et R. V. Sidoryakin. « PECULIARITIES OF ETHNIC IDENTITY OF THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF ETHNIC TOLERANCE IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION ». Educational Psychology in Polycultural Space 64, no 4 (2023) : 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24888/2073-8439-2023-64-4-38-51.
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The study, the results of which are published in the proposed scientific article, touches upon the problem of ethnic identity formation of six ethnic groups living in the Republic of Tatarstan. In the course of the study of ethnic identity, psycho-pedagogical conditions of its formation were also described, taking into account the specifics of the macro-region – the Middle Volga region. Ethnic identity within the framework of the article is treated as a socio-psychological category. Accordingly, the main purpose of the study was to identify those socio-psychological determinants that are associated with the process of formation of ethnic identity of the population in the region of the Republic of Tatarstan, which is an example of a multi-cultural, multi-ethnic and multi-confessional region. According to the results of the conducted research with the participation of 300 respondents, equivalently representing 6 ethnic groups (Russians, Mordva, Chuvash, Tatars, Kazakhs and Armenians) living in the Republic of Tatarstan, and using a set of diagnostic techniques it is established that in general among the representatives of the population of the Republic of Tatarstan the tendencies of ethno-relativism dominate, which are supported by a number of socio-al-psychological factors. The positive influence of psychological and pedagogical efforts aimed at: maintaining a positive image of representatives of different ethnic groups according to the factor “evaluation”, maintaining a high level of ethnic tolerance in the Republic, the emotive determinant (emotional perception of representatives of their ethnic group), as well as the transmission of ethnic characteristics to future generations, as well as the maintenance of linguistic diversity. The differences in the type of ethnic identity among representatives of different ethnic groups living in the region, which have their own social-psychological determinants, have been revealed. Further prospects of psychological, pedagogical and socio-psychological work to maintain ethnic tolerance in a poly-ethnic, bi-lingual and multi-confessional region have been determined.
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Sharapov, V. V., et R. V. Sidoryakin. « ETHNIC IDENTITY OF THE POPULATION OF SAMARA AND THE SAMARA REGION : MAIN FEATURES AND IMPORTANCE IN EDUCATION OF ETHNIC TOLERANCE ». Educational Psychology in Polycultural Space 63, no 3 (2023) : 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24888/2073-8439-2023-63-3-15-28.
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The proposed research presents the results of the study of the peculiarities of ethnic identity of the population of Samara and the Samara region, analyzes and highlights its influence on the formation of the ethnic tolerance and self-awareness of the residents of this region. The article contains a general outline of the main provisions of existential social work. Ethnic identity within the framework of the article is interpreted as a socio-psychological category, as a dynamic and multidimensional formation, which characterizes the feeling (implicit component) and awareness (explicit component) of a person as a member of a certain ethnic group/community. In accordance with this interpretation, the purpose of the study was to identify socio-psychological determinants that determine the formation of the ethnic identity of the population of Samara and the Samara region. According to the results of the conducted research with the participation of 300 respondents representing 6 ethnic groups (Russians, Mordva, Chuvash, Tatars, Kazakhs and Armenians) and 2 territories of residence (the city of Samara and other settlements). Samara and other settlements of the Samara region), and the use of 5 diagnostic techniques (“Draw a planet”, “Unfinished sentences”, “Semantic differential”, “Who am I”, “Social distance scale”) it was found that in general among the representatives of the population of Samara and the Samara region the tendencies of ethno-relativism dominate. This is determined by the maintenance of a positive image of representatives of different ethnic groups, efforts to form regional self-awareness (relatively higher importance of the role of a resident of the Samara region in the structure of social roles), as well as educational and pedagogical efforts to increase ethnic tolerance in the region (adequate social distance between ethnic groups). In addition, some differences in the type of the ethnic identity and the expression of socio-psychological formation in representatives of different ethnic groups living on the territory of Samara and the Samara region have been established. Prospects for further psychological, pedagogical and socio-psychological efforts to foster ethnic tolerance in a multi-ethnic region are identified.
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Denisova, Irina, Valeriia Oksinenko et Olga Chudinovskikh. « The impact of the EAEU common labor market on the well-being of households of migrants : The case of Armenia ». Applied Econometrics 65, no 1 (2022) : 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1993-7601-2022-65-29-44.
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We study the impact of migration policy liberalization under the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) on the welfare of households in sending country-members. We use the example of the Republic of Armenia. The Integrated Survey of the Living Standards of Households in Armenia for 2013–2017 is the informational basis of the study. Using the difference-in-differences approach, we identify a statistically significant causal relationship between joining the EAEU and the well-being of households. Armenia’s accession to the EAEU in 2015 made it possible to reduce the risk of poverty of labor migrant households by 2.5 percentage points, and the risk of acute poverty by 4.5 percentage points. The results prompt for further harmonization of the labor migration legislation of the participating countries, and the formation and mutual offset of pension rights of labor migrants within the EAEU in particular.
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Gevorgyan, Valentina. « The Imperative to Shift Armenia’s Peripherality : Contradictions of Institutionalisation and Functioning in Conditions of Democratic Transition ». Journal of Political Science : Bulletin of Yerevan University 2, no 2(5) (29 septembre 2023) : 56–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/jops/2023.2.5.056.
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This article offers a discussion about the possibility for Armenia’s democratisation, and shift of its peripherality. The intention is to develop a thinking around the opportunities towards creating an environment in which a democratic transformation may be possible. The article uses the centre-periphery model and a decentring research agenda to build on the argument and a possibility for the shift of Armenia’s peripherality by means of its civil society. The article argues that if the former practices have failed the country today, it may be relevant to consider the shifting of former practices, which may as well result in shifting country’s peripherality. In this context, the process of democratisation of modern Armenia, which is conditioned by a number of factors, presupposing, first of all, the active participation of its civil society, is analysed. This article concentrates on the analysis of one of the necessary conditions for democracy and democratic transition, namely country’s local agency, the civil society. The article is prepared based on the premise that public policies shall follow opinion and expertise of country’s local agency.
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Struyk, Raymond J., et Dessislava Petkova. « Participation Determinants in Armenia's Housing Purchase Certificate Programme ». Urban Studies 41, no 8 (juillet 2004) : 1551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0042098042000227000.
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Koshelnyk, Vladyslav. « ARMENIAN-AZERBAIJIAN CONFLICT : CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS AND POLITICAL ASPECT ». 44, no 44 (15 décembre 2023) : 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2023-44-08.
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The issue of the long-term Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict within the framework of the Nagorno-Karabakh region has been studied. The problem of the ethnic polemic of Nagorno-Karabakh as one of the main factors of the confrontation is considered, and the historical roots of its initiation are indicated. The issue of escalation between the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan after the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of the 1980s was analyzed and conclusions were drawn regarding a new wave of confrontation. The classification of official documents and materials for the analysis of the specified problem is given. The importance of the military conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan due to the non-resolution of the Nagorno-Karabakh region issue is emphasized not only for the Central Asian region, but for the whole world. The interest of certain external players in the need to solve the Karabakh problem is considered. The role of international actors in the framework of indirect participation, as well as peacekeeping mission, arbitration, etc. is evaluated. The current state of the military conflict is determined. The chronology and course of hostilities between the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan are analyzed. The latest events of the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict in the Nagorno-Karabakh region are considered and the main points of the dynamics of the confrontation are shown, as well as the main decisions made as a result of the anti-terrorist operation of the Azerbaijani army in the Nagorno-Karabash region are highlighted. Possible ways to stabilize the situation and settle the Karabakh conflict are identified, the involvement of civil society and communities on both sides to resolve the interstate problem is especially emphasized, and the importance of a comprehensive solution to both the political and humanitarian aspects of the conflict is emphasized. A significant role in the stabilization of the Nagorno-Karabakh region is given to international organizations in the role of mediators and development of realistic and mutually acceptable solutions.
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Babajanian, Babken V. « Civic participation in post-Soviet Armenia ». Central Asian Survey 24, no 3 (septembre 2005) : 261–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02634930500310345.
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Bakhtavoryan, Rafael, et Tatevik Zohrabyan. « Determining Factors Influencing Female Labor Force Participation in the South Caucasus ». Caucasus Journal of Social Sciences 9, no 1 (3 novembre 2023) : 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.62343/cjss.2016.155.
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The effects of various socio-economic variables on female labor force participation were examined by estimating a logit model for Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. The data obtained from the Caucasus Barometer household survey for 2010 conducted by the Caucasus Research Resource Center (CRRC) regional offices were used. The sample consisted of female respondents aged 18 or older. According to the estimation results, residing in the capital city was inversely related to female labor force participation in Armenia. Having at least higher education and secondary technical education positively affected female labor force participation in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. In Armenia, being divorced or separated or widowed was positively associated with female labor force participation. Having monthly household income of $401 or more positively impacted female labor force participation in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. An attitude of rather agreeing with the statement that men should have more right to a job when jobs are scarce was negatively associated with female labor force participation in Armenia and Georgia. An attitude of completely agreeing with the statement that men should have more right to a job in case of job scarcity was negatively associated with female labor force participation in Azerbaijan. A negative relationship was found between age and female labor force participation in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. Finally, household size and female labor force participation were negatively related in Azerbaijan.
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Kolarz, Stefania. « Representation of an Unrecognized State under International Law – Example of the Republic of Artsakh ». Polish Review of International and European Law 8, no 1 (20 août 2020) : 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/priel.2019.8.1.02.
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Since the late 80s, the Armenian inhabitants of Nagorno-Karabakh, a region situated within the internationally recognised borders of the Republic of Azerbaijan, have been struggling for creating their own state – the Republic of Artsakh. The fact that this self-proclaimed entity was not recognised by any of the international actors has not prevented it from constantly committing to intervene on the international plane, separately from Yerevan and Baku. For instance, it is the co-signatory of the Bishkek Protocol. On the other hand, it was refused participation in the core undertaking of the international community designed to settle the dispute – the OSCE Minsk process. The aforementioned situation raises the question as to who shall act as a legal representative of this quasi-state on the international plane? Azerbaijan, as the official centre of authority within the region, Armenia, or rather the separatist government of Nagorno-Karabakh?
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Grigoryan, Karen, Sos Khachikyan, Artur Avetisyan et Siranush Egnatosyan. « International north-south transport corridor : New economic and trade opportunities for India and Armenia ». E3S Web of Conferences 549 (2024) : 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202454906002.
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The study aims to identify the main characteristics of the North-South ITC and the possibility of Armenia’s participation in this great international project. To achieve that goal, the advantages of the corridor were presented, the role and importance of India in the implementation of this project were discussed. The article discusses the role of transport in the integration of the member countries of the International North–South Transport Corridor and activities on international project for the development of transport corridor in the region. With its geographical position and improving connectivity with the countries of Europe and Asia, Armenia has a real opportunity to become a bridge. The economic policies of the member countries of the international transport corridor should be based on several goals: assisting communication with nearest countries, enlarging and facilitating access to international markets through the communication routes stretching to Central Asia and Europe. Mutually beneficial cooperation in the energy sector of the countries located on the North-South axis is also very promising.
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Frichova, Magdalena. « Participation of Persons Belonging to National Minorities – Cases of Samtskhe-Javakheti and Gali ». International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 16, no 4 (20 décembre 2009) : 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115_016_04-11.
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This article explores inter-ethnic and minority participation issues in conflict prevention and ongoing conflict settings. Its focus is on two cases: Georgia's Armenian-inhabited Samtskhe-Javakheti and the Georgian-inhabited Gali district under Abkhaz control. Conflict prevention and resolution contexts have been deeply intertwined in Georgia. Tbilisi's approach to Armenian and Azeri minorities has been affected by ongoing conflict in South Ossetia and Abkhazia, and it has in turn had an impact on Abkhaz and Ossetian perceptions of Georgian conflict resolution policies. Some progress with integration of Azeri and Armenian minorities has been achieved, but much is yet to be accomplished: among others, a genuinely open dialogue and a change in the spirit of majority-minority relations are needed. Gali Georgians are trapped between Tbilisi and Sukhumi in increasingly precarious conditions after the 2008 war. Their community has a great potential for conflict transformation activity; the parties to the conflict and the international community should support them to apply it.
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Ishkanian, Armine. « From inclusion to exclusion : armenian NGOs participation in the PRSP ». Journal of International Development 18, no 5 (2006) : 729–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.1301.
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Walkowicz, Mikołaj. « Rekognicje celne jako źródło do dziejów Ormian kamienieckich w drugiej połowie XVI wieku ». Lehahayer 10 (19 décembre 2023) : 13–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/lh.10.2023.10.01.
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CUSTOMS RECOGNITIONS AS A SOURCE FOR STUDYING THE HISTORY OF KAMIENIEC ARMENIANS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 16TH CENTURY
Armenians were among the constituent ethnic groups in the society of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Actively participating in trade, they were subject to legal regulations in as much as other urban citizens. Customs recognitions, or testimonies given by merchants enjoying customs freedom, serve as evidence of this process. The article analyzes the overall trade activities of Armenians from Kamieniec Podolski [Kamianets-Podilskyi] at Lublin fairs based on these recognitions. On their basis, it discusses the significance of customs exemptions as one of the privileges of Kamieniec residents, as well as the intensity of trade relations between this city and Lublin, and the range of goods exchanged. Additionally, it addresses the Armenians’ knowledge of legal practices and their ability to use the Polish and Ruthenian languages. An annex includes the edition of customs recognitions, which are an interesting source for studying economic history, diplomatics, and sigillography.
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Karapetyan, Yelena. « Social networks as an effective higher education institution promotion tool in the Republic of Armenia ». Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics, no 55 (8 février 2024) : 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54919/physics/55.2024.37lw3.
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Relevance. The research relevance is determined by the modern context, in which Internet marketing is crucial for the promotion of any product, including educational resources. Purpose. The study aims to provide a detailed review and analysis of marketing strategies aimed at using social media, in particular Instagram, to improve the promotion of higher education institutions. Methodology. The following scientific research methods were used: comparative analysis, systematisation, and survey. Results. The study reveals the role and significance of social media in the Armenian educational system and considers the latter as an effective tool for promoting Internet marketing and educational resources. The study highlights social networks as a platform for the use of hidden and viral Internet marketing methods. Higher education institution activity on the Instagram platform, namely the European University of Armenia and the American University of Armenia, has been studied. The study determined that the effective use of social media can have a positive impact on the reputation and attractiveness of higher education institutions. The study has shown that awareness of these aspects of media literacy is an important factor in increasing interaction with the audience and creating a positive image of the university, which is of particular importance in the context of attracting potential students and their parents. Conclusions. The study conducted a survey of applicants to higher education institutions in Yerevan, which confirms that social media is an important tool for promoting universities, facilitating active participation of prospective students, creating an attractive image and opportunities for further development of marketing strategies. The results obtained can be used to develop programmes for the promotion of higher education institutions of the Republic of Armenia on social media, helping to increase their popularity and attract the attention of new students.