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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Architecture and state – Soviet Union »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Architecture and state – Soviet Union"

Malaia, Kateryna. « Transforming the Architecture of Food ». Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 80, n^o 4 (1 décembre 2021) : 460–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2021.80.4.460.

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Abstract Transforming the Architecture of Food: From the Soviet to the Post-Soviet Apartment focuses on the changes to urban domestic architecture and food-related spaces—those for eating, cooking, and storage—that occurred parallel to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. In this article, Kateryna Malaia traces a path from standardized Soviet apartment housing built and regulated by the state to the implementation of architectural and spatial solutions by individual apartment dwellers and designers in the post-Soviet years. From the 1980s through the early 2000s, such remodeling projects affected late- and post-Soviet architectural imagination and urban apartments en masse, coinciding with ephemeral yet important changes in domestic practices. To navigate these complex transformations, Malaia questions traditional architectural programmatic labeling—kitchen, dining room, family room, open plan—within the late- and post-Soviet context. Drawing on both archival and popular sources as well as interviews with apartment dwellers, architects, and engineers collected in the post-Soviet urban centers of Kyiv and Lviv in Ukraine, this study shows how the grassroots adaptation of standardized apartment housing at this time echoed new economic and political circumstances. Malaia’s analysis of changes in food-related spaces and practices provides a critical index of the widespread social impact of the collapse of the Soviet Union in everyday architecture and life.

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Konysheva, E. V. « “Our Architecture Has Long Acquired Global Significance” : International Contacts of the Union of Soviet Architects in the 1930s ». Вестник Пермского университета. История, n^o 3(54) (2021) : 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-3-127-139.

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The article is focused on the international contacts of the Soviet architecture in the 1930s. The direct object of the research is the cross-border communications of the Union of Soviet Architects: the tasks and forms of contacts of Soviet architects with foreign colleagues and institutions, as well as the role of the Union of Architects in this process; mechanisms of interaction with the authorities and tactics of the professional community in the context of regulation and control of international relations; conflicting nodes of state and professional interests. It is shown that in its international contacts, the Union of Architects did not appear as an independent actor, as it did not have institutional independence in international communications, autonomy in decision-making and its own resources for the implementation of projects. The institutional nature of the interaction prevailed; personal contacts were minimized and included into collective strategies. The international activity of the Union of Architects was part of the state policy of “cultural diplomacy” and had not only a professional, but also a propaganda-ideological component. The authorities ignored the professional motives of the architectural community if they did not coincide with governmental tasks. However, it is shown that the Union of Architects had its own tactics and realized its professional interests, using the interest of the state in a particular project. As a result, the thesis is presented that state regulation and total control sharply narrowed the possibilities of cross-border communications of the architectural community, distorted their forms and contents, but did not destroy them. The discovery and study of new documents shows that the myth of the cultural autarchy of the Stalinist USSR is not confirmed by the example of an architectural field.

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Сидоренко, Н., et N. Sidorenko. « LOST OBJECTS OF MODERNISM IN ROSTOV-ON-DON. THE BUILDING OF THE MUSEUM OF INTERNATIONAL FRIENDSHIP IN THE PARK NAMED AFTER CITY OF PLEVEN ». Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 4, n^o 10 (7 novembre 2019) : 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/article_5db3e38f6cb0d3.88051873.

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The architecture of Soviet modernism occupies an important place in the history of world architecture. Due to the relatively recent recognition of Soviet modernism as a separate architectural trend, in most regions of our country (including the South of Russia), the objects, which were implemented in the Soviet Union in the 1960s and 1980s, have not been studied. This can lead to irreparable loss of structures with compositional and artistic value. The building of the former Museum of International Friendship, located in the park named after Pleven in Rostov-on-Don, is one of such objects. The building is designed using the basic planning, artistic and urban planning techniques of Soviet modernism. The article discusses the features of the Museum from different points of view. The retrospective analysis of transformations of the town-planning situation, which has influenced formation of the volume and compositional decision of the building, is carried out. The architectural and artistic features of the Museum are determined on the basis of field research and the study of preserved historical graphic materials. The article reveals the value of the object as a structure reflecting the main trends of Soviet architecture of the 1960s-1980s. The modern state of the building of the former Museum is investigated, the lost features of architectural and town-planning decisions are fixed. The necessity of restoration and preservation of its original appearance is confirmed

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Litvinenko, Ksenia. « Contextualising Appraisal and the Destruction of the Soviet Design Institute’s Archives ». Edinburgh Architecture Research 37 (14 décembre 2022) : 6–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ear.2022.7258.

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Recently, historians and theorists of architecture have started questioning the neutrality of traditional archival research methods by uncovering the operations of power and authority inherent to the creation, appraisal, accessioning, or erasure of historical documents and the institutionalisation of official and unofficial archives. Most of this research is based on analyses of archiving in Euro-American and (post-) colonial contexts; consequently, there is limited understanding of the politics and practices of archiving architecture in both former and current state-socialist countries. The paper addresses this lacuna by exploring different ways of archiving a single design practice, the Giproteatr Institute, one of the central organisations behind the construction of buildings for culture and the performing arts in the Soviet Union and beyond. By reconstructing the changing material and economic conditions of architectural labour in the late Soviet and immediate post-Soviet periods, precedents of authorised and unauthorised destruction of architectural documents, archival regulations, and appraisal procedures, the paper demonstrates that Giproteatr Institute’s archives are in themselves historical and carry different definitions of archival value and of the architectural profession. Therefore, the paper further problematises the notion of ‘evidence’ in architectural history and advocates for strengthening the focus on analysis of material processes of archiving.

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Sinitsyna, Olga. « Censorship of art books in the Soviet Union and its effect on the arts and on art libraries ». Art Libraries Journal 24, n^o 1 (1999) : 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200019258.

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Although official censorship in the Soviet Union ceased over ten years ago, the effects in art and art libraries are still felt. Censored books were marked with a hexagon and relegated to closed stacks, which for many years were off limits to the public and library staff alike. Some of the banned material in the All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature is analysed here in an attempt to establish the reason why certain items were seen by the authorities as too harmful to be acceptable for general circulation. The fate of the second “enemy” perceived by the Soviet censors, the original works of art and architecture, is also described.

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Grajewski, Kacper. « Podróże Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza w kontekście etnokulturowym (dyskurs polsko-rosyjski). Na materiale „Dzienników” pisarza ». Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 53, n^o 4 (23 décembre 2021) : 149–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.650.

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Travels were an important part of Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s life. One of the destinations he chose was the Soviet Union. These trips were usually of an official character, and less often – private. The writer meticulously noted down his impressions in his private Dzienniki [Diaries], and sometimes shared them with the Polish reader in columns and newspaper articles. The author of Panny z Wilka [The Maids from Wilko] masterfully immortalised the realities prevailing in the Soviet Union. Iwaszkiewicz’s view of Russia, and St Petersburg in particular, is not the account of an ordinary tourist, because the writer perceived the world through the prism of literature, constantly confronting reality with literary images. This makes Dzienniki extremely interesting material for analysis. This article takes a journey across Russia, in the footsteps of Iwaszkiewicz, focuses on literary allusions, admiration of nature and architecture, and pays special attention to the absurdities of the communist state.

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Kozłowska, Izabela, et Eryk Krasucki. « Spaces of Dependence and Emancipation in Architectural and Urban Narration, a Case Study : Plac Żołnierza Polskiego and Plac Solidarności in Szczecin ». Arts 10, n^o 1 (5 mars 2021) : 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts10010019.

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Central and Eastern European countries were subjugated to the Soviet Union in the second half of the 20th century. In this new political environment, defined as the period of dependency, the concept of space gained a new denotation as a space of dependence, in both social and physical terms. The political changes that took place after 1989 enabled these spaces to be emancipated. In this work, we aim to delineate the complex relationship between architecture and politics from the perspective of spaces of dependence and their emancipation. Through a case study of two squares, plac Żołnierza Polskiego (the Square of the Polish Soldier) and plac Solidarności (Solidarity Square) in Szczecin, we gained insights into the processes and strategies that promoted their evolution into spaces of emancipation within architectural and urban narratives. Szczecin’s space of dependence was created by an authoritarian state that had a monopoly on defining architecture and urban planning in the country and the state as a whole. In a process orchestrated by economic factors, as well as the scale of architectural and urban degradation, the squares under discussion have transitioned from spaces of dependency to spaces of emancipation. As a result, an architectural-urban structure characterized by new cultural and identity values has been created.

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Leslie, Stuart W. « Cold War Suburbs ». Southern California Quarterly 102, n^o 1 (2020) : 24–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/scq.2020.102.1.24.

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At the height of the Cold War, in both the US and the Soviet Union, top technical talent was ensconced in state-of-the-art laboratories set among new suburbs with cultural amenities. In Orange County, California, defense research labs were enticed by capitalist strategies; in the USSR, by government command. In both, the new white-collar suburbs made moves to the new centers attractive. The architecture of the housing as well as of the research labs reveals the faith in technology, shifting to a bunker mentality in the Vietnam era. In the USSR, research institutes were set far from city centers. Their architecture and artworks were boldly modern, their engineers and scientists housed in modern apartments among parklands. Reflecting declining military contracts by the 1990s, Orange County’s “think factories” were demolished or repurposed; upscale master-planned communities drew affluent commuters. Former Soviet research institutes morphed into universities and computer and electronics centers, surrounded by exclusive residential communities. There are striking parallels.

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Vukoszávlyev, Zorán. « Perception of Latin America’s church architecture in the time of II Vatican Council ». Actas de Arquitectura Religiosa Contemporánea 4 (16 février 2017) : 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/aarc.2015.4.0.5118.

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Events of World War II resulted in significant social changes from 1945. This is considered to be the main motive behind the attempts for transforming the Catholic sacral space, defining the Christ-centered Church. While in most parts of the Catholic world it was a result of a natural, internal process, these changes didn’t make an effect in the Eastern European countries occupied by the Soviet Union, because religion and religiousness became persecuted under the newly established world order. The political powers professing atheist ideology and communist concepts considered the Church as the main power opponent of their own system. Not only in ideological sense, but also because of the Holy See’s organizational structure that spans state borders. The article interprets the presence of the effects of liturgic reforms, in correspondence with the Eastern politics of the Holy See.

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MOLNÁR D., Erzsébet, István MOLNÁR D. et Sándor DOBOS. « THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SOVIET SYSTEM IN THE TERRITORY OF TRANSCARPATHIA (1944–1946) ». Ukraine : Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 35 (2022) : 146–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2022-35-146-173.

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As noted, Transcarpathia is an administrative-territorial unit created in historical Hungary in 1919, consisting of Uzhan, Berez, Ugochan, and Maramoros counties. In the first half of the 20th century, it was part of several states: in 1919, it became part of Czechoslovakia; in 1938–1939, it returned to Hungary, and in the fall of 1944, after the Soviet occupation, it was incorporated by the Soviet Union. The authors investigated that frequent changes of power due to the peripherality of the region took place without considering the local population's opinion – as a result of the political decisions of the great states, so Transcarpathians always had to adapt to new political systems. Among the historical twists of fate for the residents, joining the Soviet Union had the most tragic consequences: until 1944, the region was a part of Central Europe, in particular the Carpathian Basin, in the social, economic, and cultural sense, but after, it became part of a dictatorial empire based on a class approach and social injustice. It was analyzed and concluded that the incorporation of Transcarpathia, with a total area of 20,000 km2, was of geostrategic importance for the Soviet authorities since, due to its geographical location, it bordered several states that were part of the Soviet bloc, and railway routes ran through it, which simplified the logistics of the USSR with them. The incorporation of the region by the Soviet Union was not legitimate at all, but the almighty Soviet leader Stalin, who influenced the politics of states in this part of Europe, made sure to maintain the appearance of legitimacy during the occupation and subsequent annexation. As a result of the political regime change, a new administrative system was implemented, the names of settlements were revised, and the ethnic composition of the region also changed. As an undoubted fact stated that for various ethnic groups living in Transcarpathia, the Soviet annexation brought a series of individual and mass tragedies, as the change of power meant not only the onset of lawlessness but also ethnic cleansing and physical destruction for tens of thousands of people.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Architecture and state – Soviet Union"

McKay, Kimberly Ann. « Business opportunities in the Soviet Union--[a] look at real estate ventures ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68725.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1990.
Title as it appears in the Sept. 1990 M.I.T. Graduate List: Business opportunities in the USSR--a look at joint ventures in the real estate sector.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-69).
by Kimberly Ann McKay.
M.S.

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YAKUSHENKO, Olga. « Building connections, distorting meanings : Soviet architecture and the West, 1953-1979 ». Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/71643.

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Defence date: 26 April 2021
Examining Board: Professor Alexander Etkind (European University Institute); Professor Catriona Kelly (University of Oxford); Professor Pavel Kolář (University of Konstanz); Professor Anatoly Pinsky (University of Helsinki)
The transnational history of the Soviet Union often goes against everything we know as citizens of the post-Soviet world. We are used to imagining the Iron Curtain as an impermeable obstacle and any meaningful connection between the Soviet Union and the rest of the world as clandestine, unofficial, and potentially subversive. But it was not always the case. I wish to open my thesis with a short dramatic exposition from the memoir of one of the protagonists of my thesis, the Soviet architect Felix Novikov: Soon [after the speech against the extravagances in architecture in 1953] the architectural bosses went abroad in search for examples worthy of emulation. The head of the Union of architects of the USSR, Pavel Abrosimov, left for Italy, Aleksandr Vlasov went to the US, Iosif Loveĭko who, in his absence became the chief architect of Moscow, left for France. After, each of them gave a talk about his impressions to the colleagues in the overcrowded lecture hall of the Central House of Architects. A year after the “historical” (without irony) speech the Party and government decree “On the elimination of extravagances in housing design and construction” appeared […] in the text of this document were such lines: “Obligate (the list of responsible organizations followed )… to be more daring in assimilation of the best achievements… of foreign construction.” The true “reconstruction” resulted in architecture that I call Soviet modernism started from this moment.”
Chapter 4 ‘Anatole Kopp: Enchanted by the Soviet' of the PhD thesis draws upon an earlier version published as an article 'Anatole Kopp’s town and revolution as history and a manifesto : a reactualization of Russian constructivism in the West in the 1960s' (2016) in the journal ‘Journal of Art Historiography’

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Rae, Leigh H. (Leigh Hamilton). « A look at privatization of housing in the Soviet Union : the Leningrad experience ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69270.

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Spencer, Ian Henry. « An investigation of the relationship of Soviet psychiatry to the State ». Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2061/.

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This thesis examines how Soviet psychiatry took the particular form that it did and how it had a historically specific relationship to the state. Psychiatry in the USSR was used by the state against those who opposed the regime. In particular it was used after the death of Stalin against a dissident intelligentsia. Chapter One examines the position of the Soviet psychiatric patient with relation to the political economy of the USSR. The legal position of the psychiatric patient was a precarious one because the absence of private property meant there was no basis for law. It was possible to co-opt doctors as repressive agents of the state because they were dependent on it in a way which their counterparts in the West were not. Chapter Two examines the historical development of Russian and Soviet psychiatry and assesses the importance of its development under tsarism. The point at which Soviet psychiatry became differentiated from world psychiatry is located in the Stalin period. Chapter Three examines the role played by Soviet psychology and the supposed influence of Marxism-Leninism in shaping psychiatry in the USSR. It is argued that Soviet psychology owed nothing to Marxism but that it was distorted in a similar way to other branches of science. Chapter Four discusses the defective nature of Soviet psychiatry and shows how Soviet political economy led to archaic practice in psychiatry. All Soviet medicine was similarly defective and this had serious consequences for the Soviet population as a whole. Chapter Five examines the role that psychiatry played in repressing the dissident movement in the 1960s and 70s. Psychiatry was used as an ameliorated form of the labour camp at a time when mass killings and labour camps were less useful to the elite. Psychiatry played this role from about 1953 until 1988 and was used mostly against the intelligentsia.

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Gavanski, Ogden. « The Soviet Union as a rational-revolutionary state : a conceptual framework for studying the impact of ideology on Soviet foreign policy ». Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26475.

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The influence of Marxist-Leninist ideology on Soviet foreign policy is examined. Any relationship that exists is not a simple one. It is misleading to speak of "the" impact of Soviet ideology as if it constituted one simple variable. The ideology is make up of different components which have profoundly different impacts on Soviet foreign policy. In addition, many other variables besides ideology influence Soviet foreign behavior in complex and sometimes subtle ways. In this essay I suggest a theoretical framework for the study of Soviet foreign policy that takes into account the complex interaction between ideology and other important variables. The failure of the national interest approach and the power politics approach in explaining certain aspects of Soviet foreign policy demonstrates the utility of a broader approach that includes ideology as a variable. A framework that views the Soviet Union as a "rational-revolutionary" state is presented that points out the dualistic character of Soviet foreign policy. On the one hand, Soviet foreign policy is driven by considerations of power and national interests and, on the other by ideological considerations. Clearly, these various considerations clash at times and often Soviet policy-makers have to choose between an ideological and a non-ideological policy. At the most basic level, Soviet Marxism-Leninism influences and shapes the perceptual and conceptual world of leaders who are socialized like other Soviet citizens. Ideology also plays a role in legitimizing Soviet one-party rule domestically. While it is probably impossible to estimate which of the two factors—belief in the ideological tenets or self-serving use of ideology to maintain power and privilege—is the more important, this study suggests that both play a significant role in Soviet policy formulation. Foreign policy was found to be less ideological than most aspects of Soviet politics. Since Soviet leaders cannot manipulate international variables to the same extent as domestic ones an ideological "blueprint" is impossible. However, ideology places certain limitation on what may be considered 'feasible' foreign policy choices for the Soviet leadership. It was found that ideology leads to power-damaging policies in two classes of actions: (1) the actual implementation and maintenance of policy intimately tied to the ends envisioned by the ideology and (2) actions that are undertaken to defend the doctrine-based legitimacy of the leadership. The ideological revisions that have often been interpreted as a betrayal of Soviet revolutionary interests are seen to be a purging of spurious and non-relevant elements from Marxism-Leninism. The conceptual framework presented in this essay demonstrates that ideology cannot be dismissed as a significant operational variable in Soviet international behavior. It often influences the form and content of Soviet foreign policy decisions. However, the framework also points out that Soviet policy is not dictated solely by ideological imperatives.
Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate

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Millier, Callie Anne. « Russian Peasant Women's Resistance Against the State during the Antireligious Campaigns of 1928-1932 ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849654/.

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This study seeks to explore the role of peasant women in resistance to the antireligious campaigns during collectivization and analyze how the interplay of the state and resistors formed a new culture of religion in the countryside. I argue that while the state’s succeeded in controlling most of the public sphere, peasant women, engaging in subversive activities and exploiting the state’s ideology, succeeded in preserving a strong peasant adherence to religion prior to World War II. It was peasant women’s determination and adaptation that thwarted the party’s goal of nation-wide atheism.

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Fears, Michael Roman Carleton University Dissertation Political Science. « Extralegal restrictions on religious practice in the U.S.S.R., 1917- 1953 ». Ottawa, 1992.

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Malinovskaya, Olga. « Teaching Russian classics in secondary school under Stalin (1936-1941) ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b23fbd00-e8d5-4889-abfa-fe74626d5e72.

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This thesis contributes to existing discussions of Soviet subjectivity by considering how the efforts of the Party leadership and state agencies to shape personal and collective identities were mediated by the teaching of Russian classics to teenagers. It concentrates in particular on the history of literature course provided by Soviet schools for the upper years. The study addresses the following questions: (1) How was literary expression employed to instigate children's emotions and create interpretive habits as a way of inculcating a Soviet worldview? (2) What immediate effects did the methods have on teenagers? (3) What were the long-term effects of this type of indoctrination? Answering these questions required close reading of material produced by official authorities, such as methodological programmes, teachers' aids, professional journals, and textbooks for class instruction, and also of material produced by those at the receiving end of Stalinist literary instruction, including both sources contemporary to the period under scrutiny (i.e. diaries written between 1936-1941), and later autobiographical material (memoirs, oral history). I argue that for many teenagers growing up during this period, indoctrination in the classroom blurred the boundary between reality and fiction, and provided a moral compass to navigate their social environment, to judge others as well as themselves along prescribed lines, and model their lives on the precepts and slogans of the characters and authors they encountered, particularly the 19th-century radical democrats. Retrospective accounts - interviews, memoirs, and written responses to questions - expose the durability of the moral and ethical lessons derived from Russian classics and reveal the enduring Soviet emotional complex formed by this literary instruction. Investigating the impacts of the study of Russian classics on Soviet recipients, particularly from elite groups such as the city intelligentsia, my discussion highlights the political traction of the literary in, for instance, forming feelings of group belonging and strong emotional responses to differing views. I conclude with a discussion of the relation of this to long-term political effects, including the re-appraisal, in the twenty-first century, of Stalin-era teaching methodology as an effective way of instilling patriotic sentiments in students, and the legacy of Soviet perceptions and practices in the expression of personal and collective identities in the post-Soviet period.

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Froggatt, Michael. « Science in propaganda and popular culture in the USSR under Khruschëv (1953-1964) ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:101d4ec5-48cc-4a85-b7e9-0e5b7c8fdafd.

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This thesis is the first detailed study of the way in which science and technology were portrayed in propaganda and popular culture during the Khrushchëv period, a time when the Soviet leadership invested significant resources, both at home and abroad, in order to capitalise on its scientific achievements. It draws upon a wide range of previously unseen materials from the archives of the RSFSR Ministry of Education, the Soviet Academy of Sciences, the State Committee on Radio and Television and the Central Committee of the CPSU. It provides the first archive-based analysis of the lecturing organisation 'Znanie', which was crucial to the dissemination of Soviet propaganda in the post-war period. The thesis also makes use of a variety of published sources, such as popular science publications and journals, as well as a number of Soviet films from the Khrushchëv period. The thesis examines the manner in which scientific information was disseminated to the Soviet public and the ways in which public scientific opinion was able to participate in, and influence, this process. It is shown that a general lack of institutionalised control enabled members of the scientific intelligentsia to exercise a degree of control over the content of scientific propaganda, often in a very idiosyncratic fashion. The way in which the rhetorical and ideological presentation of science changed during the Khrushchëv period (often identified as 'the Thaw') is analysed, and it is shown that while Soviet popular science did become increasingly open to foreign influence it became preoccupied with new threats, such as generational and personal conflict. The thesis also uses the available sources to consider popular responses to scientific propaganda and, in particular, whether attempts to use scientific-atheistic propaganda to create a 'materialist' worldview amongst Soviet citizens met with any success. The thesis provides detailed case studies of the use of science in Khrushchëv's atheistic campaigns, of propaganda surrounding early Soviet achievements in the space race and of the portrayal of the Lysenko controversy in the popular media.

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Kashirin, Alexander Urievich 1963. « Protestant minorities in the Soviet Ukraine, 1945--1991 ». Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10956.

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xiv, 934 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
The dissertation focuses on Protestants in the Soviet Ukraine from the end of the Second World War to the collapse of the USSR. It has two major aims. The first is to elucidate the evolution of Soviet policy toward Protestant denominations, using archival evidence that was not available to previous students of this subject. The second is to reconstruct the internal life of Protestant congregations as marginalized social groups. The dissertation is thus a case study both of religious persecution under state-sponsored atheism and of the efforts of individual believers and their communities to survive without compromising their religious principles. The opportunity to function legally came at a cost to Protestant communities in Ukraine and elsewhere in the USSR. In the 1940s-1980s, Protestant communities lived within a tight encirclement of numerous governmental restrictions designed to contain and, ultimately, reduce all manifestations of religiosity in the republic both quantitatively and qualitatively. The Soviet state specifically focused on interrupting the generational continuity of religious tradition by driving a wedge between believing parents and their children. Aware of these technologies of containment and their purpose, Protestants devised a variety of survival strategies that allowed them, when possible, to circumvent the stifling effects of containment and ensure the preservation and transmission of religious traditions to the next generation. The dissertation investigates how the Soviet government exploited the state institutions and ecclesiastic structures in its effort to transform communities of believers into malleable societies of timid and nominal Christians and how the diverse Protestant communities responded to this challenge. Faced with serious ethical choices--to collaborate with the government or resist its persistent interference in the internal affairs of their communities-- many Ukrainian Evangelicals joined the vocal opposition movement that contributed to an increased international pressure on the Soviet government and subsequent evolution of the Soviet policy from confrontation to co-existence with religion. The dissertation examines both theoretical and practical aspects of the Soviet secularization project and advances a number of arguments that help account for religion's survival in the Soviet Union during the 1940-1980s.
Committee in charge: Julie Hessler, Chairperson, History; R Alan Kimball, Member, History; Jack Maddex, Member, History; William Husband, Member, Not from U of O Caleb Southworth, Outside Member, Sociology

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Livres sur le sujet "Architecture and state – Soviet Union"

Hudson, Hugh D. Blueprints and blood : The Stalinization of Soviet architecture, 1917-1937. Princeton, N.J : Princeton University Press, 1994.

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Lavrentʹev, A. N. Russian design : Tradition and experiment, 1920-1990. London : Academy Editions, 1995.

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Sanho, Tree, dir. The decision to use the atomic bomb and the architecture of an American myth. New York : Knopf, 1995.

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KGB : State within a state. London : Tauris, 1995.

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Science policy in the Soviet Union. London : Routledge, 1990.

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1949-, Ramet Sabrina P., dir. Religious policy in the Soviet Union. Cambridge [England] : Cambridge University Press, 1993.

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Kri͡ukova, G. I. Kimry : Putevoditelʹ. Kimry : [s.n.], 2012.

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Gosudarstvennai͡a︡ arkhivnai͡a︡ sluzhba Rossiĭskoĭ Federat͡s︡ii., Rossiĭskiĭ t͡s︡entr khranenii͡a︡ i izuchenii͡a︡ dokumentov noveĭsheĭ istorii., Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace., T͡S︡entr khranenii͡a︡ sovremennoĭ dokumentat͡s︡ii (Russia), Gosudarstvennyĭ arkhiv Rossiĭskoĭ Federat͡s︡ii et Chadwyck-Healey Ltd, dir. Archives of the Soviet Communist Party and Soviet State. [Cambridge, England] : State Archival Service of Russia [and] Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace in association with Chadwyck-Healey Ltd., 1993.

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Long, Delbert. Educational reform in the Soviet Union. Buffalo, NY : Comparative Education Center, Faculty of Educational Studies, State University of New York at Buffalo, 1985.

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Valeri, Fedorov, dir. Telecommunications grid architecture in the former Soviet Union. [Alexandria, Va.] : Global Consultants, 1992.

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Plus de sources

Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Architecture and state – Soviet Union"

Hill, Ronald J. « State and Ideology ». Dans The Soviet Union Under Gorbachev, 38–58. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18648-8_3.

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Lockwood, David. « Globalization and the Soviet State ». Dans The Destruction of the Soviet Union, 75–90. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333981566_5.

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Lampert, Nicholas. « Whistleblowers, Managers and the State ». Dans Whistleblowing in the Soviet Union, 108–45. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07593-5_4.

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Lockwood, David. « The Soviet State and its Rulers ». Dans The Destruction of the Soviet Union, 54–74. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333981566_4.

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Lockwood, David. « Historical Materialism and the State ». Dans The Destruction of the Soviet Union, 5–23. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333981566_2.

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Lockwood, David. « State-Controlled Economies : South Korea and Indonesia ». Dans The Destruction of the Soviet Union, 164–77. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333981566_10.

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Odom, William E. « The Military and the State ». Dans The Military History of the Soviet Union, 299–318. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-12029-8_17.

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Odom, William E. « The Military and the State ». Dans The Military History of the Soviet Union, 299–318. New York : Palgrave Macmillan US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230108219_17.

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Łoś, Maria. « The State and Law in the Soviet Union ». Dans Communist Ideology, Law and Crime, 1–25. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-08855-3_1.

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Tolz, Vera. « A Future Russia : A Nation-state or a Multi-national Federation ? » Dans The Legacy of the Soviet Union, 17–38. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230524408_2.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Architecture and state – Soviet Union"

Widyarta, Mohammad. « Foreign Aid and Modern Architecture in Indonesia : Intersecting Cold War Relations and Funding for the Fourth Asian Games, 1962 ». Dans The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online : SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4014p90ju.

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Between 1950 and 1965, foreign aid played a crucial role within the Indonesian economy. With the Cold War as a backdrop, this aid came from both Western and Eastern blocs with the intention of drawing Indonesia into their spheres of influence. The aid also played a crucial role in the development of architecture in the archipelago. A major endeavour within this period was the construction of buildings and venues for the Fourth Asian Games to be held in Jakarta in 1962 which involved a new stadium, an international-standard hotel and a large by-pass road around part of the city. Financial and technical aid from the Soviet Union, Japan and the United States was obtained to realise these projects. All the while, the Asian Games, along with the modern structures constructed for the event, provided Indonesia an opportunity to advance its own agenda, which was to construct a sense of self-confidence and national pride and to situate itself as a leader among decolonised nations. Nevertheless, foreign financial and technical aid played an important role in the realisation of these projects. The availability of foreign aid was intrinsically tied to President Ahmad Sukarno’s ability to play the interests of all sides. This paper examines plans and preparations for the Fourth Asian Games as a case of engagement between the two Cold War blocs with Indonesia in the middle. By focusing on the key building projects for the Games, the paper reveals the role of foreign aid in the development of architecture in Indonesia during a critical period in its post-war and post-independence formation. This development took place through the interaction of different interests—those of the Western Bloc, the Eastern Bloc, and Indonesia—in the midst of the Cold War and decolonisation period. A glimpse into the interaction may suggest a case of competition. However, examination of the three projects indicates that it was a case of multipolar collaboration instead.

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JI- EON, LEE, et YOO NA-YEON. « SOUTH KOREA’S DIPLOMATIC RELATIONSHIP WITH UZBEKISTAN SINCE 1991 : STRATEGY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH GOVERNMENT ». Dans UZBEKISTAN-KOREA : CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF COOPERATION. OrientalConferences LTD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ocl-01-03.

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One of the biggest events in international political history at the end of the 20th century was end of the Cold War due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991, the Cold War system, led by the US and the Soviet Union as the two main axes, disappeared into history, dramatically changing the international situation and creating new independent states in the international community. In the past, as the protagonist of the Silk Road civilization, it was a channel of trade and culture, linking the East and the West, but as members of the former Soviet Union, Central Asian countries whose importance and status were not well known have emerged on the international stage in the process of forming a new international order. After independence, Central Asia countries began to attract attention from the world as the rediscovery of the Silk Road, that is, the geopolitical importance of being the center of the Eurasian continent, and as a treasure trove of natural resources such as oil and gas increased.

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Starostenko, Yulia. « The Soviet Architecture Key Problems in the Second Half of the 1930s : on Materials of Plenums the Board of the Soviet Architects Union of the USSR ». Dans 3rd International Conference on Architecture : Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2021). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211125.167.

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Martínez Millana, Elena. « Le Corbusier versus Sergei Eisenstein. La construcción de un sueño ». Dans LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.824.

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Resumen: Este artículo plantea la revisión de la relación entre el arquitecto Le Corbusier y el cineasta Sergei Eisenstein. Se lanza como hipótesis la posible influencia del cineasta en Le Corbusier. Le Corbusier versus Eisenstein en el sentido más profundo de ‘avanzar en dirección a’: Le Corbusier hacia la cinematografía, no como contraposición. Se esboza el papel de cada figura y su encuentro en el período de 1928-1936, tiempo en que Le Corbusier se aproximó a la Unión Soviética, un contexto que configura un marco complejo a partir del cual es posible entrever aquello que los vincula y que refuerza la hipótesis planteada. Por otro lado, se realiza un análisis de Poème électronique - filme de 480” que Le Corbusier hace en 1958 con motivo de la Exposición Universal en Bruselas - con la intención de visibilizar que Le Corbusier recurre a la técnica del montaje dialéctico de la que Eisenstein era maestro y por tanto la consustancial influencia. Le Corbusier reconoce el potencial de esta técnica de montaje y se sirve de ella como la estrategia clave en su aproximación al ámbito de la cinematografía. El mecanismo del montaje dialéctico forma parte de su propio pensamiento y lo materializa en su arquitectura y también en el caso de estudio que nos ocupa, en la disciplina de la imagen en movimiento, tan próxima a ésta. Pero hay más, en el Pabellón Philips la técnica del montaje oculto - sobre la que Eisenstein había teorizado en aquél periodo - está presente, pues mediante éste mecanismo construye la puesta en escena del espectáculo total. Como veremos, Poème électronique representa la construcción de un sueño. Abstract: This article reviews the relationship between the architect Le Corbusier and the filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein. When launched, it was seen to hypothesise the possible influence of the filmmaker in the work of Le Corbusier. Le Corbusier versus Eisenstein, in the deepest sense of the expression, is portrayed as "towards to": Le Corbusier towards the film, not in opposition to it. It outlines the role of each figure and their interactions during the period between 1928 and 1936, the time when Le Corbusier got closer to the Soviet Union. This context forms a complex framework from which it is possible to glimpse what it is that links them, reinforcing the hypothesis-raised. On the other hand, this work presents an analysis of the Poème électronique - 480" film Le Corbusier made in 1958 for the Universal Exhibition in Brussels - in order to exemplify that Le Corbusier uses the technique of dialectical montage, in which Eisenstein was the undisputed master, thereby highlighting an inherent influence. Le Corbusier recognises the potential of this montage technique and uses it as a key strategy in his approach to the field of cinema. The mechanism of dialectical montage is a part of Le Corbusier's own thought and this materialises both in his architecture as well as in the subsequent case study regarding the discipline of the moving image, which is closely aligned to it. There is, however, more to it. In the Philips Pavilion, the hidden montage technique - theorised by Eisenstein in that period - is present, the use of which was the mechanism to construct the stage for the spectacle as a whole. As we will see, Poème électronique represents the construction of a dream. Palabras clave: Eisenstein; Le Corbusier; Le Poème électronique; montaje dialéctico; montaje oculto; cinematografía. Keywords: Eisenstein; Le Corbusier; Le Poème électronique; dialectical montage; hidden montage; cinematography. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.824

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Terekhov, Andrey, Timyr Bryksin et Yury Litvinov. « History of Development of Visual Modeling Tools at the Saint Petersburg State University ». Dans 2017 Fourth International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union (SORUCOM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sorucom.2017.00023.

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Kitov, Vladimir, et Nikolay Krotov. « The Main Computer Center of the USSR State Planning Committee (MCC of Gosplan) ». Dans 2017 Fourth International Conference on Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union (SORUCOM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sorucom.2017.00043.

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Nosich, Alexander I., Anatoliy A. Kirilenko, Leonid A. Rud et Vladimir I. Tkachenko. « Overview of the current state of antenna modelling and development of modular software in Ukraine and the Former Soviet Union ». Dans 2006 1st European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eucap.2006.4584642.

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Gaessler, Stéphane, Ksenia Malich, Ilya Pechenkin et Anna Vyazemtseva. « Architects in Motion — Reasons, Conditions, and Consequences of Professional Migration from Russia and the Soviet Union to Italy, France, and Great Britain in 1905 – 1941 ». Dans 3rd International Conference on Architecture : Heritage, Traditions and Innovations (AHTI 2021). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211125.163.

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Pirimbaev, Jusup, et Anara Kamalova. « Economic Cooperation Development Issues between the EAEU ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c13.02595.

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The Organization of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is the first real attempt to conduct integration processes in the post-soviet space among several states. However, the question of its expansion at the expense of other states remains open, as well as the further deepening of relations within the Union and the improvement of the mechanisms for integrating the economies of the member states. In this regard, the analysis of the state of economic relations is carried out and the ways of solving some aspects of the coming period are shown. The main idea of solving the problems of the Union is the gradual and effective development of standards for economic relations.

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Trаtsiak, A. I. « THE 100-YEAR HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF BELARUS IN THE AUDIO-VISUAL DOCUMENTS OF THE BELARUSIAN STATE ARCHIVES OF FILMS, PHOTOGRAPHS AND SOUND ». Dans LIBRARIES IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY : PRESERVING TRADITIONS AND DEVELOPING NEW TECHNOLOGIES. УП «ИВЦ Минфина», 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/978-985-880-283-7-2022-310-324.

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The National Library of Belarus (originally the State Library of the BSSR named after V.I. Lenin) is a research center in the field of library science, bibliography, and book science. Besides, it is the national coordinating, scientific and methodological center in the library field. The National Library of Belarus is the leading organization in the field of information resources, which forms the intellectual potential of the Belarusian nation. In the funds of the Belarusian State Archives of Films, Photographs and Sound Recordings the history of the development of the National Library is widely represented by audiovisual documents, such as photo chronicles of the Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union and the Belarusian Telegraph Agency; photos by the republican newspapers; short films of the 1930s. Furthermore, the information about the library can be found in film magazines “Savetskaya Belarus” (Soviet Belarus), "Naviny dnya" (News of the Day) and TV programmes “Padzeі Kulturnogo Zhyccja” (News of Cultural Life), “Kontury” (Contours), “Nedelya” (Week), in a documentary video film “Skarbnitsa Slova” (Word Treasure) and sound recordings of Belarusian radio broadcasts and radio programs from the cycle “I Love My City”, Radio Minsk.

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