Articles de revues : « Architectural Products Division »

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Szafran, Marcin J., Dagmara Jakimowicz et Marie A. Elliot. « Compaction and control—the role of chromosome-organizing proteins in Streptomyces ». FEMS Microbiology Reviews 44, n^o 6 (13 juillet 2020) : 725–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fuaa028.

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ABSTRACT Chromosomes are dynamic entities, whose organization and structure depend on the concerted activity of DNA-binding proteins and DNA-processing enzymes. In bacteria, chromosome replication, segregation, compaction and transcription are all occurring simultaneously, and to ensure that these processes are appropriately coordinated, all bacteria employ a mix of well-conserved and species-specific proteins. Unusually, Streptomyces bacteria have large, linear chromosomes and life cycle stages that include multigenomic filamentous hyphae and unigenomic spores. Moreover, their prolific secondary metabolism yields a wealth of bioactive natural products. These different life cycle stages are associated with profound changes in nucleoid structure and chromosome compaction, and require distinct repertoires of architectural—and regulatory—proteins. To date, chromosome organization is best understood during Streptomyces sporulation, when chromosome segregation and condensation are most evident, and these processes are coordinated with synchronous rounds of cell division. Advances are, however, now being made in understanding how chromosome organization is achieved in multigenomic hyphal compartments, in defining the functional and regulatory interplay between different architectural elements, and in appreciating the transcriptional control exerted by these ‘structural’ proteins.

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Aloyan, Artyom A., et Ashot Yu Safaryan. « Peculiarities of Urban Strategy Formation of the Republic of Armenia ». Advanced Materials Research 1020 (octobre 2014) : 875–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.875.

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Issues of establishing new methodology for urban strategy of the Republic of Armenia are considered. Тhe peculiarities of urban policy at different stages of economic growth of the country are studied. Analysis of underlying legislative, normative and project documents of the post-Soviet period are carried out, particularly territorial planning projects of the Republic of Armenia and separate regions, recently approved master plans and zoning projects of the majority of RA cities. Based on studies formerly undertaken by local scientific subdivisions on development of theoretical basis and prospects for growth of architectural, town planning and building complexes, systems of Urban Code and Urban Cadastre as well have established legislative and normative background, and within the structure of architectural and building complexes а qualitative leap has occured. However, all these developments and urban documents as products of transition period are based on relatively incomplete taxon data. It is obvious that the role of state control and programs formulating single state urban development strategy will increase and remain significant. Division of urban planning activities into separate categories is given that is considered both in an alternative and complex aspect, in the light of basic goals implementation of prospective urban policy and internationally enshrined principles of sustainable development are proposed.

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Dressler, Marc, et Ivan Paunovic. « Customer-centric offer design ». International Journal of Wine Business Research 31, n^o 1 (11 mars 2019) : 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwbr-07-2018-0036.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to provide insight into characteristics of visitor demand for a regionally oriented vinotheque (wine bar and shop) at a UNESCO world heritage destination in Germany. The research especially focuses on expected offer components for a wine bar and shop, including wine-related products and services, to test the theoretical notion of blurred division between product and service offerings. The literature review has revealed that implications of this conceptual notion on wine bar and shop offer creation could be profound as there are different types of wine bar and shops with different product–service combinations. Moreover, the offer creation needs to take into account the overall needs of wine bar and shop visitors and consider them as experience seekers and not necessarily utility-maximizing players. In this sense, the paper expands previous research on vinotheques that primarily took the wine retail perspective. Design/methodology/approach The study deals with wine-related sales, offer design and the importance of tourism and hospitality for wine sales in a non-growing wine market. However, the concept of increasing wine sales through tourism and hospitality brings to the forefront the issues of creating integrated offerings of products and services. This is why, the study deploys the concepts of hybrid products and experience economy. The primary data have been collected via self-administered, paper-based questionnaire (Appendix 2) amongst visitors at the St. Goar/Loreley tourist destination. The goal has been to reveal the importance of a wine bar and shop as a wine sales channel, whether visitors are interested in visiting a wine bar and shop, what major expectations they have entering a vinotheque, as well as what major offer components of products and/or services are they interested in. Total sample size was N = 400. Major statistical procedure deployed was descriptive statistics, as well as PCA (principal component analysis) of expectations and offer analysis in regards to products and services. Findings By deploying the PCA on the data regarding interest in buying wine-related products and services, three offer configurations have been extracted, out of which only one is purely related to products, whilst the other two are hybrid products, meaning a combination of wine-related products and services. Relevance of architectural design illustrates that visitors also seek experience. These findings confirm previously discussed theories on the importance of integrating products and services into hybrid products and creating experience with a suitable combination of products and services. Research limitations/implications Data collection has taken place in a confined timeframe (two summer months). No active measures have been taken to ensure the validity of the sample through quotas or similar techniques. The research sample and location are somewhat limited for making conclusions in other geographical regions, but replicating the study in different contexts can add to the comparability of the results on the level of Germany, but also internationally. The empirical evidence for superior customer value of hybrid offerings and integrating services into product-centric offer design is of paramount importance for selling wine in a highly competitive market in absence of market growth. Wine bar and shop allows to differentiate the offer by creating wine-related experience through a combination of product (wine and wine-related products), hospitality/gastronomic services and tourism services. The insights also illustrate the idea of new market opportunities via connecting converging industries. Practical implications The study contributes to close a gap identified in the literature review that German wineries lag wine-tourism activities. It provides advice in regards to offer design and hybrid offerings and an experiential experience supported by architectural design. Such an approach offers the potential to win market share in a non-growing market – an ambition of the players in the market but also an obvious challenge. Social implications The findings contribute to regional development. Furthermore, arguments for cooperative behavior are provided. This should also help to minimize free ridership and its negative social implications. Originality/value The paper adopts a multidisciplinary approach to the creation of wine bar and shop offer. The results point out that offerings should be created around a core wine tourism product – regional and cellar door offer – and be expanded by “food design” – components, attractive architectural elements, as well as web shop services, thereby creating an advanced wine-related experience. It confirms the importance of theoretical concepts such as experience economy, hybrid products and solution provision in the case of wine bar and shop, by testing these concepts on the group of visitors at a German wine and cultural destination.

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Zhang, Na, Wei Xu et Yong Tan. « Multi-attribute hierarchical clustering for product family division of customized wooden doors ». BioResources 18, n^o 4 (4 octobre 2023) : 7889–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.4.7889-7904.

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To improve the production system for customized wooden doors and to gain research and development efficiency, this paper proposed the feasibility of using hierarchical clustering algorithms to cluster a company’s customized wooden door products and its application to rational product family architecture. The particular use of multi-attribute feature data to locate products and the integration of image data into the database can make the original hierarchical clustering more compatible and adaptable for application to customized wooden doors. The preprocessed data was analyzed by clustering to obtain the clustering results and similarity relationships. Hierarchical clustering results were uneven and not entirely interpreted. However, the internal order structure of clusters and the clustering process could be clearly observed, and the distance hierarchical relationship between the products could be obtained, which was beneficial to the division of the product architecture. The results illustrated that processing using hierarchical clustering of multi-attribute data is feasible for optimizing customized wooden door product systems. In addition, the product architecture, product coding rules, and front-end development process were established to improve standardization and research and development efficiency. There is still great potential for developing the custom wooden door category in custom furniture companies.

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Davidson, Carla, Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz et Patrick von Aderkas. « Description of a novel organ in the gametophyte of the fern Schizaea pusilla and its contribution to overall plant architecture ». Botany 86, n^o 10 (octobre 2008) : 1217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b08-085.

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Plant architecture is determined by cell division and growth, thus simulation models describing these processes are ideal for determining how local development produces the overall plant form. Because fern gametophytes are structurally simple, they are ideal for investigating the effects of cellular growth and division on plant form. In this work we examine the gametophytic development of Schizaea pusilla Pursh., a small, bog-adapted fern whose gametophyte forms as a mass of single-celled filaments. Using light and scanning electron microscopy we made detailed observations of gametophyte development to generate data for a simulation mechanical model of S. pusilla gametophyte development. To examine how plant architecture is an emergent property of cell division, we constructed a simulation model expressed using the formalism of L-systems. While developing a model of growth in this fern we discovered a previously undescribed structure that contributes to the architecture of this plant, which we term knots. We document the development of knots and demonstrate how they contribute to the overall plant architecture.

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Jia, Rui Feng, Gui Yan Li et Yan Hong Dong. « Architecture Description Method of Simulation Training System Based on Multiple Views ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (août 2013) : 1017–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.1017.

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Establishing architecture is the premise of system development. It is necessary for establishment architecture of simulation training system to meet the needs of scientific hierarchy, Reasonable composition division, Technical feasibility and Integrity, Consistence and Traceability of content design. on this basis, puts forward five views is used to describe the simulation training system, and has carried on the detailed elaboration on the relationship between the various products in the view, with operation and reference.

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Zheng, Tangchun, Lijuan Dai, Yi Liu, Shuang Li, Mi Zheng, Zhongnan Zhao et Guan-Zheng Qu. « Overexpression Populus d-Type Cyclin Gene PsnCYCD1;1 Influences Cell Division and Produces Curved Leaf in Arabidopsis thaliana ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n^o 11 (29 mai 2021) : 5837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115837.

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d-type cyclins (CYCDs) are a special class of cyclins and play extremely important roles in plant growth and development. In the plant kingdom, most of the existing studies on CYCDs have been done on herbaceous plants, with few on perennial woody plants. Here, we identified a Populus d-type cyclin gene, PsnCYCD1;1, which is mainly transcribed in leaf buds and stems. The promoter of PsnCYCD1;1 activated GUS gene expression and transgenic Arabidopsis lines were strongly GUS stained in whole seedlings and mature anthers. Moreover, subcellular localization analysis showed the fluorescence signal of PsnCYCD1;1-GFP fusion protein is present in the nucleus. Furthermore, overexpression of the PsnCYCD1;1 gene in Arabidopsis can promote cell division and lead to small cell generation and cytokinin response, resulting in curved leaves and twisted inflorescence stems. Moreover, the transcriptional levels of endogenous genes, such as ASs, KNATs, EXP10, and PHB, were upregulated by PsnCYCD1;1. Together, our results indicated that PsnCYCD1;1 participates in cell division by cytokinin response, providing new information on controlling plant architecture in woody plants.

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Wang, Shuai, Zhongkai Li, Chao He, Dengzhuo Liu et Guangyu Zou. « An Integrated Method for Modular Design Based on Auto-Generated Multi-Attribute DSM and Improved Genetic Algorithm ». Symmetry 14, n^o 1 (31 décembre 2021) : 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14010048.

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Modular architecture is very conducive to the development, maintenance, and upgrading of electromechanical products. In the initial stage of module division, the design structure matrix (DSM) is a crucial measure to concisely express the component relationship of electromechanical products through the visual symmetrical structure. However, product structure modeling, as a very important activity, was mostly carried out manually by engineers relying on experience in previous studies, which was inefficient and difficult to ensure the consistency of the model. To overcome these problems, an integrated method for modular design based on auto-generated multi-attribute DSM and improved genetic algorithm (GA) is presented. First, the product information extraction algorithm is designed based on the automatic programming structure provided by commercial CAD software, to obtain the assembly, degrees of freedom, and material information needed for modeling. Secondly, based on the evaluation criteria of product component correlation strength, the structural correlation DSM and material correlation DSM of components are established, respectively, and the comprehensive correlation DSM of products is obtained through weighting processing. Finally, the improved GA and the modularity evaluation index Q are used to complete the product module division and obtain the optimal modular granularity. Based on a model in published literature and a bicycle model, comparative studies are carried out to verify the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method.

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Guo, Wei, KwangHyok Ri, Luping Cui et Jizeng Wei. « An Area-Efficient Unified Architecture for Multi-Functional Double-Precision Floating-Point Computation ». Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 24, n^o 10 (25 octobre 2015) : 1550151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126615501510.

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In this paper, we propose a unified architecture for computation of double-precision floating-point division, reciprocal, square root, inverse square root and multiplication with a significant area reduction. First, a double-precision multiplication-based divider, the common datapath shared with these arithmetic computations, is optimized by a modified Goldschmidt algorithm to achieve better area efficiency. In this algorithm, a linear-degree minimax approximation instead of second-degree is used to obtain a 15-bit precision estimate of the reciprocal so that we can get a rather small lookup table (LUT) as well as reduced amount of computation when accumulating the partial products. Two Goldschmidt iterations specially designed for hardware reuse are performed to gain the final accurate result of division. By virtue of the pipelined processing, the time cost for the two iterations is minimized. Second, a reconfigurable datapath with a little extra area cost is introduced to dynamically support multiple double-precision computations by executing the optimized divider iteratively. The design is finally implemented and synthesized in SMIC 0.13-μm CMOS process. The experimental results show that the proposed design can achieve a speed of 400 MHz with area of 61.6 K logic gates and 9-Kb LUT. Compared with other works, the area efficiency (performance/area ratio) of the proposed unified architecture is increased by about 20% in average, which is a better performance-area trade-off for embedded microprocessors.

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AMIN, ALAAELDIN. « GENERALIZED ALGORITHMS FOR BINARY MODULO MULTIPLICATION AND MULTIPLICATION-DIVISION ». Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 19, n^o 08 (décembre 2010) : 1797–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126610007134.

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This paper, describes novel algorithms and circuitry for binary modulo-multiplication and combined multiplication-division. Unlike the commonly used Montgomery modular multiplier, no domain mapping is needed for the input operands or the output result. Further, the new algorithms work for both even and odd moduli. The combined multiplication-division algorithm produces the quotient as well as the remainder thus allowing the implementation of simple multiplier-dividers. The proposed algorithm uses left shift-based multiplication while maintaining the size of the intermediate running product contained by interleaving reduction and multiplication operations. Reduction is determined by examining only the two most significant bits of the running product if Carry-Propagate adders are used or the 3 most significant bits if Carry-Save Adders are used. Hardware implementations of the proposed algorithms show area and delay figures comparable to those of Montgomery.

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Yamamoto, Tomoyuki, et Kunihiko Kaneko. « Tile Automaton : A Model for an Architecture of a Living System ». Artificial Life 5, n^o 1 (janvier 1999) : 37–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/106454699568674.

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To understand an architecture of a living system, “Tile Automaton” is introduced as an abstract model of chemical reaction of molecules scattered over a space. The model consists of tiles of various shapes that stand for molecules. The chemical reaction, induced by the collisions of tiles, is represented by the change of the tile shapes. The rules for reaction are deterministic, and the evolution of the system strongly depends on mutual spatial relationship among tiles. The evolution often leads to self-organization of a “factory,” a set of tiles that produces tiles continuously and keeps its structure. Several interesting phenomena, such as a deformation or a division of a factory, are also observed. It is proposed that the formation of the factory is due to the interference between different aspects of tiles—the shape and the motion. The concept of “entanglement” is introduced as a mechanism of living systems.

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Weber, Adam Z. « (Energy Technology Division Research Award) Multiphysics, Multiscale Modeling of Electrochemical Energy-Conversion Technologies ». ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, n^o 25 (28 août 2023) : 1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01251626mtgabs.

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As electrochemical technologies become increasingly important in our energy paradigm, there is a need to examine them holistically. For commercialization and optimization, one requires a detailed understanding of the underlying physics and phenomena. Furthermore, for such technologies to become practical, they need to operate at high current densities to minimize various cell costs. This operating space necessitates the need for efficient transport of reactants and removal of products from the reaction site, where it is increasingly recognized how critical this local environment and transport are to performance. Mathematical modeling is ideally suited to understand these various interactions and provide insights and optimization strategies. In this talk, various porous electrodes will be examined in terms of their intrinsic transport phenomena. Technologies to be discussed include proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells and electrolyzers and gas-diffusion electrodes for CO2 reduction. For PEMFCs, such mass transport is dominated by transport of oxygen molecules to the reaction site within the catalyst layer. For electrolysis applications, similar gas-diffusion-electrode (GDE) architectures are being investigated and the various tradeoffs endemic in such structures will be discussed such as reactant water transport. In this talk, we will explore the various tradeoffs endemic in GDE architectures for various electrochemical reactions including CO2 and CO reduction and O2 and H2 consumption and evolution. For all technologies, such tradeoffs are quantified through multiphysics modeling and key diagnostics of the cells including breakdowns of the various limiting phenomena at both the micro and macroscales, where the local conditions and environment around the reaction center impact reactivity in both transient and steady state conditions, enabling metastable states. It will be shown how transport phenomena dominate a lot of the performance and selectivity of the catalysts, which is critical to understand to improve overall performance. In addition, we will explore how different integration schemes can greatly impact overall response, which can overshadow any intrinsic changes due to different electrocatalyst materials, thereby providing different design rules. A key focus of this talk will be in exploring and describing the various transport and competing phenomena within the electrochemical cells and how to describe them physically and numerically

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Mani, Vinoth Kumar, et Vinod Kumar. « Free-space optical channel performance under atmospheric losses using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ». Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 25, n^o 3 (1 mars 2022) : 1571. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i3.pp1571-1579.

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<span>Free space optics (FSO) is a fast-growing technology that outperforms fiber optics in communication network infrastructure without spectrum licensing. The goal of this work is to evaluate the performance of the FSO communication system using direct detection 4-quadrature amplitude modulation (4-QAM) and 4-phase shift keying (4-PSK) with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme. Simulating a direct detection OFDM-FSO system and comparing constellation diagrams, electrical power, and optical power have been used to conduct the analysis. The model is validated using a constellation diagram of received signals for various FSO channel ranges and weather conditions. According to simulation results, the OFDM-FSO architecture combined with the 4-QAM modulation technique produces the most efficient output with the least amount of power consumption for data rates up to 10 Gb/s and FSO channel ranges of up to <br /> 3 km for clear air, 1.7 km, and 1.3 km for thin and thick fog, and 0.7 km for heavy fog. This investigation can enhance the current fiber optic network's structure connected with the FSO system to provide last-mile connectivity in 5G modules.</span>

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Anderson, Ricky, et Johanes Fernandes Andry. « Perancangan Enterprise Arsitektur Menggunakan Framework Togaf ». Ultima InfoSys : Jurnal Ilmu Sistem Informasi 12, n^o 1 (29 juin 2021) : 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/si.v12i1.1801.

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Implementation of IS / IT (Information Systems) / (Information Technology) is indispensable in a business process when a organizations wants to grow bigger, and its operational level is getting less simple, so instructions on data, technology, and application functionality will also be increasingly needed. PT Ikido Jorr Indo Sepatu is a manufacturing company that produces shoes for babies, and toddlers. The authors find problem such as most of its business processes still do not take full advantage and not optimally using IS and IT, and sometimes problems in the form of human errors, such as writing wrong memos, wrong data entry, and not having “real time” data processing between each of company division that can interfere with ongoing business processes. Therefore the authors will design a company enterprise architecture (EA) that results in harmony between IS / IT and the business needs of PT Ikido Jorr Indo Sepatu. In this study, the authors will design the EA using TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework) with the ADM (Architecture Development Method) method. The results of this study are in the form of a enterprise architecture blueprint for the TOGAF method that is adapted to the business processes that are running at PT. Ikido Jorr Indo Sepatu which can help maximize the company's growth. Index Terms—enterprise architecture; TOGAF ADM; PT Ikido Jorr Indo Sepatu

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García, Andrés Amaya, David May et Ed Nutting. « Integrated Hardware Garbage Collection ». ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 20, n^o 5 (juillet 2021) : 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3450147.

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Garbage collected programming languages, such as Python and C#, have accelerated software development. These modern languages increase productivity and software reliability as they provide high-level data representation and control structures. Modern languages are widely used in software development for mobile, desktop, and server devices, but their adoption is limited in real-time embedded systems. There is clear interest in supporting modern languages in embedded devices as emerging markets, like the Internet of Things, demand ever smarter and more reliable products. Multiple commercial and open-source projects, such as Zerynth and MicroPython, are attempting to provide support. But these projects rely on software garbage collectors that impose high overheads and introduce unpredictable pauses, preventing their use in many embedded applications. These limitations arise from the unsuitability of conventional processors for performing efficient, predictable garbage collection. We propose the Integrated Hardware Garbage Collector (IHGC); a garbage collector tightly coupled with the processor that runs continuously in the background. Further, we introduce a static analysis technique to guarantee that real-time programs are never paused by the collector. Our design allocates a memory cycle to the collector when the processor is not using the memory. The IHGC achieves this by careful division of collection work into single-memory-access steps that are interleaved with the processor’s memory accesses. As a result, our collector eliminates run-time overheads and enables real-time program analysis. The principles behind the IHGC can be used in conjunction with existing architectures. For example, we simulated the IHGC alongside the ARMv6-M architecture. Compared to a conventional processor, our experiments indicate that the IHGC offers 1.5–7 times better performance for programs that rely on garbage collection. The IHGC delivers the benefits of garbage-collected languages with real-time performance but without the complexity and overheads inherent in software collectors.

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Dmytrenko, T., T. Derkach, A. Dmytrenko et L. Klochko. « THE INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR MANAGING THE BUILDING STRUCTURES DEPARTMENT ». Системи управління, навігації та зв’язку. Збірник наукових праць 1, n^o 63 (26 février 2021) : 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/sunz.2021.1.084.

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An automated information management system for the higher educational institution department is proposed. To implement the ENQA recommendations at the Computer and Information Technologies Department of the National University «Yuri Kondratyuk Poltava Polytechnic», the task was to create an information system for the unit. The information system will optimize the training procedure, expand the possibilities for analyzing the results, ensure transparency and objectivity in the students training and qualification assessment, which. As a result, will contribute to increasing the citizens' confidence level in higher education. The information system design stages are considered, in which the main technical task sections were drawn up. The inforation system architecture, the scenario for integrating the system with external software products, initial data sources and options for the initial system content and the access user and administration rights concept and powers have been developed. The department automated information management system functional requirements have been formed. At the stage of information systems designing the main sections of requirements specification have been designed. Being realised, AIS structure corresponds to well-known management control pyramid of the vertical labor division. An information system division has been created to optimize the process of learning, enhance the ability to analyze results, ensure transparency and objectivity in the process of training and qualification assessment of students, as a result, help increase public confidence in higher education

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Xiong, F., P. S. Gong, Z. Q. Peng et J. F. Fan. « Optimization of Urban Traffic Distribution Path Under Quick Response Demand ». Open House International 43, n^o 1 (1 mars 2018) : 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2018-b0022.

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Under the background of the rapid development of e-commerce and information network, the demand for urban distribution is also changing; especially customers' demand for fast delivery of products is increasing. Based on this, the optimization of urban traffic distribution path was studied under the fast response demand. In this paper, the importance and theoretical basis of the design of urban traffic planning under rapid response demand were expounded; then, the urban traffic distribution path planning was designed, and the layout principle of urban traffic roads, the division of road levels and the planning and design of motor vehicle roads were analyzed; through the planning project of the traffic distribution path in a city, analysis of the planning on roadways, three-dimensional traffic paths was achieved.

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Wahed, Zulhakim, Annie Joseph, Hushairi Zen et Kuryati Kipli. « Sago Palm Detection and its Maturity Identification Based on Improved Convolution Neural Network ». Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology 30, n^o 2 (14 mars 2022) : 1219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/pjst.30.2.20.

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Sago palms are mainly cultivated in Sarawak, especially in the Mukah and Betong division, for consumption and export purposes. The starches produced from the sago are mostly for food products such as noodles, traditional food such as tebaloi, and animal feeds. Nowadays, the sago palm and its maturity detection are done manually, and it is crucial to ensure the productivity of starch. The existing detection methods are very laborious and time-consuming since the plantation areas are vast. The improved CNN model has been developed in this paper to detect the maturity of the sago palm. The detection is done by using drone photos based on the shape of the sago palm canopy. The model is developed by combining the architecture of three existing CNN models, AlexNet, Xception, and ResNet. The proposed model, CraunNet, gives 85.7% accuracy with 11 minutes of learning time based on five-fold-validation. Meanwhile, the training time of the CraunNet is almost two times faster than the existing models, ResNet and Xception. It shows that the computation cost in the CraunNet is much faster than the established model.

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Oelmüller, Ralf, Yu-Heng Tseng et Akanksha Gandhi. « Signals and Their Perception for Remodelling, Adjustment and Repair of the Plant Cell Wall ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n^o 8 (18 avril 2023) : 7417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087417.

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The integrity of the cell wall is important for plant cells. Mechanical or chemical distortions, tension, pH changes in the apoplast, disturbance of the ion homeostasis, leakage of cell compounds into the apoplastic space or breakdown of cell wall polysaccharides activate cellular responses which often occur via plasma membrane-localized receptors. Breakdown products of the cell wall polysaccharides function as damage-associated molecular patterns and derive from cellulose (cello-oligomers), hemicelluloses (mainly xyloglucans and mixed-linkage glucans as well as glucuronoarabinoglucans in Poaceae) and pectins (oligogalacturonides). In addition, several types of channels participate in mechanosensing and convert physical into chemical signals. To establish a proper response, the cell has to integrate information about apoplastic alterations and disturbance of its wall with cell-internal programs which require modifications in the wall architecture due to growth, differentiation or cell division. We summarize recent progress in pattern recognition receptors for plant-derived oligosaccharides, with a focus on malectin domain-containing receptor kinases and their crosstalk with other perception systems and intracellular signaling events.

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Garagna, Silvia, Maurizio Zuccotti, Alan Thornhill, Raul Fernandez-Donoso, Soledad Berrios, Ernesto Capanna et Carlo Alberto Redi. « Alteration of nuclear architecture in male germ cells of chromosomally derived subfertile mice ». Journal of Cell Science 114, n^o 24 (15 décembre 2001) : 4429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.114.24.4429.

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The mammalian cell nucleus consists of numerous compartments involved in the regular unfolding of processes such as DNA replication and transcription, RNA maturation, protein synthesis and cell division. Knowledge is increasing of the relationships between high-order levels of chromatin organization and its spatial organization, and of how these relationships contribute to the various functions carried out in the nucleus. We have studied the spatial arrangement of mouse telocentric chromosomes 5, 11, 13, 15, 16 and 17, some of their metacentric Robertsonian derivatives, and X and Y chromosomes by whole chromosome painting in male germ (spermatogonia, pachytene spermatocytes and spermatids) and Sertoli cells of homozygous and heterozygous individuals. Using dual-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization we found that these chromosomes occupy specific nuclear territories in each cell type analysed. When chromosomes are present as Robertsonian metacentrics in the heterozygous state, that is, as Robertsonian metacentrics and their homologous telocentrics, differences in their nuclear positions are detectable: heterozygosity regularly produces a change in the nuclear position of one of the two homologous telocentrics in all the cell types studied. In the Robertsonian heterozygotes, the vast majority of the Sertoli cells show the sex chromosomes in a condensed state, whereas they appear decondensed in the Robertsonian homozygotes. As the Robertsonian heterozygosities we studied produce a chromosomally derived impairment of male germ-cell differentiation, we discuss the possibility that changes in chromosome spatial territories may alter some nuclear machinery (e.g., synapsis, differential gene expression) important for the correct unfolding of the meiotic process and for the proper functioning of Sertoli cells.

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Alam, Azhar, et Refita Yunie Samhuri. « Halal Certification Management Procedure for Cosmetic Products in Indonesia After Government Regulation Number 31 of 2019 ». El-Qist : Journal of Islamic Economics and Business (JIEB) 11, n^o 2 (3 novembre 2021) : 114–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/elqist.2021.11.2.114-135.

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Abstract: In ensuring the halalness of a product, the Indonesian government issued Government Regulation no. 31 of 2019, following up on changes to the flow of halal certification as stated in the Halal Product Assurance Law Number 33 of 2014, which the Ministry of Religion manages, Division of the Halal Product Assurance Organizing Body (BPJPH). This study aims to reveal the differences in the management of halal certificates before and after the Halal Product Guarantee Act (UU JPH). In addition, this study also discusses the procedures carried out by LPPOM - MUI and BPJPH in the management of halal certificates for cosmetic products. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with the research object being LPPOM MUI and BPJPH Banten Province. Data were obtained from interviews, literature documents. The study results indicate significant changes that occur with the emergence of the role of BPJH as the central institution authorized in the halal certification process. The management of halal certification for cosmetic products is adjusted to the tariff with categories ranging from large, medium, medium, or home industry businesses. Keywords: Cosmetics, LPPOM MUI, BPJPH, Halal Certification Abstrak:Dalam menjamin kehalalan suatu produk, maka pemerintah Indonesia mengeluarkan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 31 Tahun 2019 menindaklanjuti perubahan alur pembuatan sertifikasi halal sebagaimana tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Jaminan Produk Halal Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 yang dikelola oleh Kementrian Agama Divisi Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan perbedaan pengelolaan sertifikat halal sebelum dan sesudah adanya Undang Undang Jaminan Produk Halal (UU JPH). Selain itu penelitian ini juga membahas prosedur yang dilakukan LPPOM – MUI dan BPJPH dalam pengelolaan sertifikat halal pada produk kosmetik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan objek penelitian adalah LPPOM MUI dan BPJPH Provinsi Banten. Data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, dokumen literatur. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan yang signifikan yang terjadi dengan munculnya peran BPJH sebagai lembaga utama yang berwenang dalam proses sertifikasi halal. Pengurusan sertifikasi halal produk kosmetik disesuaikan besaran tarifnya dengan kategori jenis mulai dari besar, menengah, sedang, atau usaha industri rumah tangga. Kata Kunci : Kosmetik, LPPOM MUI, BPJPH, Sertifikasi Halal.

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Bocciarelli, Paolo, Andrea D’Ambrogio, Alberto Falcone, Alfredo Garro et Andrea Giglio. « A model-driven approach to enable the simulation of complex systems on distributed architectures ». SIMULATION 95, n^o 12 (26 février 2019) : 1185–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549719829828.

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The increasing complexity of modern systems makes their design, development, and operation extremely challenging and therefore new systems engineering and modeling and simulation (M&S) methods, techniques, and tools are emerging, also to benefit from distributed simulation environments. In this context, one of the most mature and popular standards for distributed simulation is the IEEE 1516-2010 - Standard for M&S high level architecture (HLA). However, building and maintaining distributed simulations components, based on the IEEE 1516-2010 standard, is still a challenging and effort-consuming task. To ease the development of full-fledged HLA-based simulations, the paper proposes the MONADS method (MOdel-driveN Architecture for Distributed Simulation), which relies on the model-driven systems engineering paradigm. The method takes as input system models specified in Systems Modeling Language, the reference modeling language in the systems engineering field, and produces as output the final code of the corresponding HLA-based distributed simulation through a chain of model-to-model and model-to-text transformations. The obtained simulation code is based on the HLA Development Kit software framework, which has been developed by the SMASH-Lab (System Modeling and Simulation Hub - Laboratory) of the University of Calabria (Italy), in cooperation with the Software, Robotics, and Simulation Division (ER) of NASA’s Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston (TX, USA). The effectiveness of the method is shown through a case study that concerns a military patrol operation, in which a set of drones are engaged to patrol the border of a military area, in order to prevent both ground and flight attacks from entering the area.

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Kozlyuk, Iryna, et Yuliia Kovalenko. « Reliability of computer structures of integrated modular avionics for hardware configurations ». System research and information technologies, n^o 2 (14 septembre 2021) : 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/srit.2308-8893.2021.2.07.

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The problem of designing advanced computing systems in the class of structures of integrated modular avionics is considered. The unified topology of the internal network of the computer on the basis of Space Wire exchange channels and variants of its execution for various onboard applications is offered. Equivalent reliability schemes of each of the specific structures are introduced and the probabilities of trouble-free operation of each structure are analyzed. Families of graphic dependencies are given. The analysis of the existing principles and algorithms for testing multiprocessor multimodal onboard digital computer systems is given; the new testing algorithm for the multiprocessor systems which follows the software design standards for products of integrated modular avionics is offered. The structure of the unified automated workplace for checking the functional modules of integrated modular avionics is considered. Specific requirements inherent in the workplaces for testing integrated avionics are identified: an increased level of control of the hardware component of products; the ability to simulate the failure state of individual components of avionics to check the mode of reconfiguration of the computer system; modular construction of software with the division of verification tests into components performed at the level of each CPM and the computer as a whole in single-task and multitasking modes; openness of architecture of a workplace, which provides an ability to change the level of control complexity of a product and control of one class of complexity; intra-project unification of both hardware and software of the workstation of the inspection.

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Fadhillah, Mauldy Ahmad, et Pingkan Nuryanti. « DESAIN LANSKAP JALAN K.H. ABDULLAH BIN NUH BERBASIS GREEN STREET ». LANGKAU BETANG : JURNAL ARSITEKTUR 5, n^o 2 (27 décembre 2018) : 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/lantang.v5i2.27117.

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Green Street is a very important innovation in managing water run-off from paving or pavement. Green street is basically one that can clean and absorb the results of rainwater runoff or its own through a balanced combination of the same technique. Landscape design for Yasmin area aims to provide innovative K.H. Abdullah Bin Nuh street design as Green Street-based green path with existing problems on tread such as drainage channel obstruction and by applying green street system, including green infrastructure, complete street and placemaking tools. Complete street is a comfortable and safe road design with clear division of motor vehicle and bicycle circulation paths. The placemaking principle is the principle where by the resulting design should provide an identity to the area.The result of the research is the design of road landscape consisting of service space, identity, vehicle, pedestrian, buffer and conservation. The research site located at K.H. Abdullah Bin Nuh street is divided into five segments with various kinds of concepts and designs applied in accordance with green street concept. The main green street concept applied to this site is a rain garden that serves to absorb rainwater runoff. This research produces site plan, planting plan, detail construction and illustration design.Kata-kata Kunci: desain jalan, green street, green infrastructure, lanskap jalan LANDSCAPE DESIGN IN K.H. ABDULLAH BIN NUH STREET BASED ON GREEN STREETGreen Street is a critical innovation in managing water run-off from paving or pavement. Green street is one that can clean and absorb the results of rainwater runoff or its own through a balanced combination of the same technique. Landscape design for Yasmin area aims to provide innovative K.H. Abdullah Bin Nuh street design as Green Street-based green path with existing problems on tread such as drainage channel obstruction and by applying green street system, including green infrastructure, complete street, and placemaking tools. A complete street is a comfortable and safe road design with clear division of motor vehicle and bicycle circulation paths. The placemaking principle is the principle where the resulting design should provide an identity to the area. The result of the research is the design of the road landscape consisting of service space, character, vehicle, pedestrian, buffer, and conservation. The research site located at K.H. Abdullah Bin Nuh street is divided into five segments with various kinds of concepts and designs applied following green street concept. The main green street concept applied to this site is a rain garden that serves to absorb rainwater runoff. This research produces site plan, planting plan, detail construction, and illustration design.Keywords: design street, green street, green infrastructure, landscape street REFERENCES[BAPPEDA] Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Daerah. 2014. Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Kota Bogor Tahun 2015-2019. Bogor (ID): Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Daerah Kota Bogor.Austin G. 2014. Green Infrastructue for Landscape Planning. Glasgow: Bell and Bain Ltd.Booth N K. 1983. Basic Elements of Landscape Architectural Design. Illinois (US): Waveland Press.Carlson et al. 2014. Green Streets Guidebook for the City of Holyoke, Massachusetts. Winter: The Conway SchoolDepartemen Pekerjaan Umum Direktorat Jenderal Bina Marga. 2008. Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI). Jakarta (ID) : Departemen Pekerjaan Umum.Laurie. 1986. Pengantar kepada Arsitektur Pertamanan. Bandung: IntermatraSimonds JO and Starke BW. 2006. Landscape Architecture. New York (US): McGraw Hill-Book Co.

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Makou, Elisavet, Andrew P. Herbert et Paul N. Barlow. « Creating functional sophistication from simple protein building blocks, exemplified by factor H and the regulators of complement activation ». Biochemical Society Transactions 43, n^o 5 (1 octobre 2015) : 812–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20150074.

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Complement control protein modules (CCPs) occur in numerous functionally diverse extracellular proteins. Also known as short consensus repeats (SCRs) or sushi domains each CCP contains approximately 60 amino acid residues, including four consensus cysteines participating in two disulfide bonds. Varying in length and sequence, CCPs adopt a β-sandwich type fold and have an overall prolate spheroidal shape with N- and C-termini lying close to opposite poles of the long axis. CCP-containing proteins are important as cytokine receptors and in neurotransmission, cell adhesion, blood clotting, extracellular matrix formation, haemoglobin metabolism and development, but CCPs are particularly well represented in the vertebrate complement system. For example, factor H (FH), a key soluble regulator of the alternative pathway of complement activation, is made up entirely from a chain of 20 CCPs joined by short linkers. Collectively, therefore, the 20 CCPs of FH must mediate all its functional capabilities. This is achieved via collaboration and division of labour among these modules. Structural studies have illuminated the dynamic architectures that allow FH and other CCP-rich proteins to perform their biological functions. These are largely the products of a highly varied set of intramolecular interactions between CCPs. The CCP can act as building block, spacer, highly versatile recognition site or dimerization mediator. Tandem CCPs may form composite binding sites or contribute to flexible, rigid or conformationally ‘switchable’ segments of the parent proteins.

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Dervaux, Julien, Juan Carmelo Magniez et Albert Libchaber. « On growth and form of Bacillus subtilis biofilms ». Interface Focus 4, n^o 6 (6 décembre 2014) : 20130051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2013.0051.

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A general feature of mature biofilms is their highly heterogeneous architecture that partitions the microbial city into sectors with specific micro-environments. To understand how this heterogeneity arises, we have investigated the formation of a microbial community of the model organism Bacillus subtilis . We first show that the growth of macroscopic colonies is inhibited by the accumulation of ammoniacal by-products. By constraining biofilms to grow approximately as two-dimensional layers, we then find that the bacteria which differentiate to produce extracellular polymeric substances form tightly packed bacterial chains. In addition to the process of cellular chaining, the biomass stickiness also strongly hinders the reorganization of cells within the biofilm. Based on these observations, we then write a biomechanical model for the growth of the biofilm where the cell density is constant and the physical mechanism responsible for the spreading of the biomass is the pressure generated by the division of the bacteria. Besides reproducing the velocity field of the biomass across the biofilm, the model predicts that, although bacteria divide everywhere in the biofilm, fluctuations in the growth rates of the bacteria lead to a coarsening of the growing bacterial layer. This process of kinetic roughening ultimately leads to the formation of a rough biofilm surface exhibiting self-similar properties. Experimental measurements of the biofilm texture confirm these predictions.

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Kariasa, I. Putu, Riduan Mas’ud et Muhamad Yusup. « Implikasi Pemahaman pengguna Software OLIBS 724 bagi pegawai Bank NTB Syariah terhadap loyalitas nasabah ». jesya 6, n^o 2 (1 juin 2023) : 1236–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v6i2.1232.

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This study aims to identify the understanding of OLIBS (Online Integrated Banking System) 724 Core banking Software users and its implications for customer loyalty of NTB Syariah banks. The research method used in this study is qualitative research, namely in-depth data processing with data from observations, interviews, and literature. Direct interviews were conducted with key informants such as officials and technical employees of the Information System Technology division of Bank NTB Syariah, front liner administrative employees of Bank NTB Syariah, and customers of Bank NTB Syariah. The result of this study is that human resources are the main asset and play an essential role for NTB syariah banks, and need to constantly be improved in skills and performance. Bank NTB Syariah needs to place training on the use of OLIBS 724 software as essential in improving the knowledge and performance of its employees (both old and new employees) so that employees can adjust to any conditions. Quality of service must start with customer needs and end with customer satisfaction. Satisfied customers get value from Islamic bank products, the value of fairness for profit sharing as expected, the value of service quality, and the value of the system or something religious emotion, which is to avoid usury. The results of this study show that employee understanding of OLIBS 724 software users positively influences customer satisfaction. The more employees understand the use of OLIBS 724 software, the more customers will be served well and quickly, which in turn will increase customer satisfaction and loyalty

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Han, Zhiqiang, Gang Xie, Yongjun Zhou, Yajuan Zhuo, Yelu Wang et Lin Shen. « Dynamic Response Analysis of Long-Span Bridges under Random Traffic Flow Based on Sieving Method ». Buildings 13, n^o 9 (20 septembre 2023) : 2389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13092389.

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To overcome the limitations of using time interval division to calculate the bridge impact coefficient (IM), a sieving method has been proposed. This method employs multiple sieves on bridge time–history curve samples to ultimately obtain the bridge impact coefficients. Firstly, CA cellular automata are used to establish different levels of traffic flow fleet models. The random traffic flow–bridge coupling dynamic model is established through wheel–bridge displacement coordination and mechanical coupling relationships based on the theory of modal synthesis. Then, the variation of bridge dynamic time–history curves for different classes of random traffic flow, speed and pavement unevenness parameters are analyzed. The sieving method is applied to screen the extreme points of the dynamic time–history curve of the bridge, enabling the distribution law of the bridge IM to be obtained using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (K–S test) and statistical analysis. Finally, the calculated value is then compared with the IM specifications of multiple countries. The results show that the proposed method has high identification accuracy and produces a good inspection effect. The value obtained using the sieving method is slightly larger than the value specified in the US code, 0.33, which is considerably larger than the values specified in other national codes. As pavement conditions deteriorate, the IM of the bridge increases rapidly, especially under Class C and Class D pavement unevenness, which exceed the values specified in various national bridge specifications.

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Biludi, Ade Safitri, Andi Subhan, Salma P. Nua et Ramansyah Ramansyah. « MARKETING COMMUNICATION STRATEGY OF AIRPLANE TICKET SALES AT PT.TX TOUR AND TRAVEL GORONTALO BRANCH ». JURNAL SIGNAL 11, n^o 1 (30 avril 2023) : 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33603/signal.v11i1.8101.

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Communication in the business world is significantly considered capable of overcoming various problems faced by a company.Â Various strategies are needed to survive every business challenge today.Â Communication strategies play a significant role in marketing goods or services. This study aims to find and analyze the marketing communication strategy of airplane ticket sales at PT TX Tour and Travel Gorontalo Branch. This study applies a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection is done through observation and interviews. The result of this study is that the owner and employees of the company have carried out some marketing communication strategies (Morissan, 2010), namely: 1) Direct marketing through direct offers to potential customers of products or services. 2) Sales promotion is carried out through discounts for a minimum purchase of 20 airplane tickets. 3) Advertising is carried out actively in the form of promotions on social media. 4) Personal selling carried out is in the form of face-to-face communication with customers walking in directly. 5) Public Relations is only carried out through public relations activities with a general pattern because PT TX Tour and Travel Gorontalo Branch does not have a special public relations division. Marketing communication applied by PT TX Tour and Travel Gorontalo Branch has the strength to survive amid development and competition. However, PT TX Tour and Travel Gorontalo Branch still has weaknesses that need to be improved again with new, more innovative strategic planning techniques to face competition in the travel tourism business.Â Keywords: marketing communication, airplane ticket sales

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Guo, Jiasheng, Tieliang Guo, Mingran Li, Thomas Wu et Hangyu Lin. « Underwater-Acoustic-OFDM Channel Estimation Based on Deep Learning and Data Augmentation ». Electronics 13, n^o 4 (7 février 2024) : 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13040689.

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In UnderWater-Acoustic-Orthogonal-Frequency-Division-Multiplexing-(UWA-OFDM) communication, the traditional interpolated channel estimation method produces error codes, due to the small number of user pilots, uneven distribution, and complex channel characteristics. In this paper, we propose a novel UWA-channel-estimation method based on Deep Learning (DL). First, based on a small number of channel samples, we used the CWGAN-GP model to generate enhanced classified underwater-acoustic channel samples to have semantic similarity to the real samples and also to present the diversity of the samples. After obtaining the channel sample, the pilot estimation matrix was processed in a similar image way. Here, we extracted the channel features by constructing a convolutional network structure similar to U-Net, weakening the impact of feature information loss. A Channel-Attention-Denoising-(CAD) module was also designed, to further optimize the reconstructed channel information. The simulation results verified the superiority of the proposed algorithm, in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE) and Bit-Error Rate (BER) compared to the existing Least-Squares-(LS), Deep-Neural-Network-(DNN), and ChannelNet algorithms.

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Putri, Lutfiah Anindya, et Suwanda. « Implementasi Metode Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Algoritma Backpropagation untuk Klasifikasi Kualitas Udara di Provinsi DKI Jakarta Tahun 2021 ». Bandung Conference Series : Statistics 3, n^o 2 (29 juillet 2023) : 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/bcss.v3i2.7826.

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Abstract. Classification is the systematic division of an individual into a group or category according to established rules or standards. There are several classification algorithms that can be used to classify data, including logistic regression, discriminant analysis, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). This study uses an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) classification algorithm because the data used is not normally distributed. ANN is a classification algorithm that is widely used for character recognition problems and is a strong classifier because of its high calculation rate and accuracy. In this thesis, ANN is implemented on air quality classification data for DKI Jakarta in 2021 with particulate (PM10), sulfide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), Ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) variables. This method will be calculated based on the accuracy, precision, and recall values obtained from the confused matrix. The most optimal classification results are obtained from the network architecture, which consists of 5 input layers, 4 hidden layers, and 2 output layers with an epoch value of 5000 and a learning rate of 0.001. The network architecture produces an accuracy value of 94%, a precision of 90%, and a recall of 100%. Abstrak. Klasifikasi adalah pembagian sistematis dari sebuah individu ke dalam suatu kelompok atau kategori menurut aturan atau standar yang ditetapkan. Terdapat beberapa algoritma klasifikasi yang dapat digunakan dalam mengklasifikasi data, diantaranya regresi logistik, analisis diskriminan, dan Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma klasifikasi Artificial Neural Network (ANN) karena data yang digunakan tidak berdistribusi normal. ANN merupakan salah satu algoritma klasifikasi yang banyak digunakan untuk masalah pengenalan karakter dan merupakan classifier yang kuat karena tingkat perhitungan dan keakuratannya yang tinggi. Pada skripsi ini, ANN diimplementasikan pada data klasifikasi kualitas udara DKI Jakarta Tahun 2021 dengan variabel partikulat (PM10), sulfida (SO2), karbon monoksida (CO), Ozon (O3), dan nitrogen dioksida (NO2). Metode tersebut akan dihitung berdasarkan ukuran nilai accuracy, precision, dan recall yang didapat dari confusion matrix. Hasil pengklasifikasian yang paling optimal didapat dari arsitektur jaringan yang terdiri dari 5 input layer, 4 hidden layer, dan 2 output layer dengan nilai epoch 5000 dan learning rate 0.001. Arsitektur jaringan tersebut menghasilkan nilai accuracy sebesar 94%, precision sebesar 90%, dan recall sebesar 100%.

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Юров, А. Н. « POSITIONING NORMALS ON THE TOPOLOGICAL SURFACES OF ASSEMBLY PART MODELS ». ВЕСТНИК ВОРОНЕЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА, n^o 5 (17 novembre 2022) : 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2022.18.5.009.

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При проектировании систем, отвечающих за частичную или фрагментную автоматизацию, необходимо проведение исследований касательно тех компонентов инженерных программных продуктов, где это действительно целесообразно. Операции по работе с нормалями могут быть востребованы при задании направлений установки размеров, технических требований в составе сборочной единицы, а также анализе взаимных пересечений поверхностей моделей деталей в составе сборочных единиц при проектировании изделий. Для автоматизации процесса по внесению размеров в модель требуется корректно определять направление построения размеров, иначе размер будет скрыт формой объекта цифровой модели. Одним из вариантов решения проблемы по определению направления построения размеров является подход позиционирования нормалей к поверхности, на которой есть заданные контрольные точки, относительно которых создаются размеры. Приведены компоненты геометрического ядра, обеспечивающие разделение сборочного узла на отдельные объекты-модели, рассмотрена топология моделей, а также порядок извлечения граней из формы модели. Определена схема разработки программного решения для разработки программного приложения. Создан автономный пользовательский интерфейс приложения с реализацией построения нормалей средствами Open CASCADE. Реализация выполнена для операционных систем Linux с 64- разрядной архитектурой When designing systems that are responsible for partial or fragmented automation, it is necessary to conduct research regarding those components of engineering software products, where it is really expedient. Operations with normals can be in demand when setting dimensional directions, technical requirements as part of an assembly unit, as well as the analysis of mutual intersections of surfaces of part models as part of assembly units in the design of products. To automate the process of entering dimensions into a model, it is necessary to correctly determine the dimensioning direction, otherwise the dimension will be hidden by the shape of the digital model object. One solution to the problem of determining the direction of dimensioning is the approach of positioning normals to the surface, on which I give control points, relative to which I created the dimensions. I considered in the work the components of the geometric kernel, providing the division of the assembly unit into separate object-models, the topology of models, as well as the order of facet extraction from the form of the model. I defined the scheme for developing a software solution to develop a software application. I created an autonomous user interface of the application with the implementation of normals construction by means of Open CASCADE. I performed implementation for Linux operating systems with 64-bit architecture

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Pylypchuk, Oleh, Oleh Strelko et Yulia Berdnychenko. « PREFACE ». History of science and technology 12, n^o 1 (19 juin 2022) : 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2022-12-1-7-10.

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In the new issue, our scientific journal offers you nine scientific articles. As always, we try to offer a wide variety of topics and areas and follow current trends in the history of science and technology. The issue of the journal opens with an article dedicated to the formation and development of natural history museology in Europe in the 15th–19th centuries. The development of scientific knowledge at that time affects the idea of the world order and the place of man in it, and the combination of knowledge with practical experience leads to the birth of true science. It is shown that one of the most important components of the development of natural sciences, in particular biological sciences, was the collection of naturalia (i.e. objects of natural origin), the rapid surge of interest in which contributed to the Great Geographical Discoveries. In chronological order, the further historical development of museum work from private collections in Italy to the formation of a prototype of a genuine museum, which performs the main museum functions such as amassment, storage and demonstration of collections, is considered. The article by Leonid Griffen and co-authors considers the object and subject of the history of science and technology, its place in the system of sciences. Today, more and more people are turning to the factors that determine the interaction of the society with the environment (productive forces of the society), to study which in the historical aspect and called a special scientific discipline the history of science and technology. The composition and development of the technosphere and noosphere are considered in the article. It is shown that the functioning of the technosphere is based on its interaction with the noosphere, which provides information about the environment and controls the effectiveness of interaction with it. It is formed by combining the mental structures of individuals through sign systems. The production process that ensures the functioning of the society begins with the noosphere, which through individual consciousness controls the actions of each individual, who through the means of production (technosphere) interacts with the natural environment. However, the gradual development of productive forces leads at some point to the fact that the information needed by the individual to perform all necessary actions for the benefit of the society, ceases to fit in his individual consciousness. As a result, there is a new social phenomenon the social division of labor. The cardinal solution to the problem is the prospect of humanity entering infinite space. The article by Jun-Young Oh and Hyesook Han is devoted to the study of what Understanding mathematical abstraction in the formularization of Galileo's law. Galileo's revolution in science introduced an analytical method to science that typifies the overall modern thinking of extracting, abstracting, and grasping only critical aspects of the target phenomena and focusing on “how”, which is a quantitative relationship between variables, instead of “why”. For example, to him, the question of 'why does an object fall' is of no significance; instead, only the quantitative relationship between distance from the falling object and time is important. Yet, the most fundamental aspect of his idea is that he introduced a quantified time t. Because, according to atomic theory, vacuum exists between an atom and an object composed of atoms or between objects – ignoring factors that interfere with motion, such as friction – the space for absolute time, which is a mathematical time, can be geometrically defined. In order to justify this mathematical abstraction strategy, thought experiments were conducted rather than laboratory experiments, which at that time were difficult to perform. The article by Vasyl Andriiashko and co-authors provides a thorough overview of the evolutionary process of the emergence, establishment, and development of the Kyiv school of artistic textiles. It reveals the influence of various factors (ideological, political, economic, and aesthetic) on this process. The historical and factual method allowed us to study socio-economic, as well as historical and cultural factors that contributed to the emergence, establishment, and development of the Kyiv textile school in a chronological sequence. It is established that the very fact of emergence of the Kyiv school of artistic textile, as a community of style, unity of forms, preservation, and continuity of traditions, had unbiased backgrounds since Ukrainian decorative weaving, a part of which is Kyiv weaving, inherited the abundant artistic traditions that were created over the centuries and most vividly manifested through the art of Kyivan Rus. In the next article, the authors Artemii Bernatskyi and Mykola Sokolovskyi is devoted to the study history of military laser technology development in military applications. For better understanding and systematization of knowledge about development of historical applications in the military field, an analysis of publicly known knowledge about their historical applications in the leading world countries was conducted. The study focuses on development that was carried out by the superpowers of the Cold War and the present era, namely the United States, the Soviet Union and the Peoples Republic of China, and were built in metal. Multiple avenues of various applications of laser technology in military applications were studied, namely: military laser rangefinders; ground and aviation target designators; precision ammunition guidance systems; non-lethal anti-personnel systems; systems, designed to disable optoelectronics of military vehicles; as well as strategic and tactical anti-air and missile defense systems. The issues of ethical use of laser weapons and the risks of their use in armed conflicts, which led to an international consensus in the form of conventions of the United Nations and the International Committee of the Red Cross, were also considered. As a result of the analysis, a systematic approach to the classification of applications of laser technology in military products by three main areas of development was proposed: ancillary applications, non-lethal direct action on the human body and optical devices of military equipment, and anti-aircraft and anti-missile defensive systems. The author of the following article considered the front line transporter as the embodiment of the USSR military doctrine in the middle of the 20th century. The paper based on a source analysis of the history of creation, design, and production of LuAZ-967, LuAZ-967M, against the background of the processes of implementing projects of small tactical high mobility wheeled vehicles for the armies of European countries, shows that the developing, testing, and commissioning a front line transporter became a deepening of the process of motorization of the Soviet army. The designs of similar vehicles have been analyzed. An attempt to assess the degree of uniqueness of the front line transporter design and its place in the history of technology, as well as its potential as a reminder of science and technology has been made. An analysis of the front line transporter design, its systems, compared with its foreign counterparts, suggests that it is a Soviet refinement of the concept of a small army vehicle, a more specific means directly for the battlefield. At the same time, it was developed taking into account foreign developments and similar designs, imitating individual designs, adapting to the capabilities of the USSR automotive industry. The next article is devoted to the study, generalization and systematization of scientific knowledge about the history of the establishment, development and operation of the regional railway system in Bukovyna in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries. The authors attempted to analyze the process of creation and operation of railways in Bukovyna during the reign of the Austro-Hungarian Empire based on a wide range of previously unpublished archival documents, periodicals, statistical literature and memoirs. The article studies the development of organizational bases for the construction of railways, the activity of the communication network management, lists a whole range of requirements and tasks set for railway transport in Bukovyna, the progress of their implementation, considers successes and difficulties in this work. The purpose of the article by authors Sana Simou, Khadija Baba and Abderrahman Nounah is to reveal, recreate as accurately as possible the characteristics of an archaeological site or part of it. The restoration and conservation of monuments and archaeological sites is a delicate operation. It requires fidelity, delicacy, precision and archaeological authenticity. Research during the last two decades has proved that 3D modeling, or the digital documentation and visualization of archaeological objects in 3D, is valuable for archaeological research. The study has opted for the technique of terrestrial and aerial photogrammetry by 3D surveys of architectural elements, to develop an archetype of the deteriorated Islamic Marinid site (a dynasty between the 13th and 15th centuries), and the Roman site (25 BC), located at the Chellah archaeological site in Rabat and Salé cities. The data acquired build an architectural database to archive and retrieve the entire existing architecture of monuments. This study has been completed by photogrammetrists, architects, and restorers. The issue of the journal ends with an article devoted to the analyzing the prerequisites and conditions for the foundation of an aircraft engine enterprise in Ukraine. Based on the retrospective analysis, the prerequisites and conditions of the foundation of the aircraft engine enterprise in Aleksandrovsk, Ukraine, were considered. There was a severe gap between the Russian Empire and European countries in the development pace of the aviation industry during World War I. This prompted the Russian Empire to raise foreign capital, as well as attract technologies and specialists to develop aircraft engineering and other industries. By 1917, the plant had gained the status of Russia’s largest engine-building enterprise in terms of building area and one of the best in equipment. It is evident that the beginning of aircraft engine production in Aleksandrovsk relates to the establishment of a branch of Petrograd Joint Stock Company of Electromechanical Structures and the plant’s purchase from the Moznaim brothers. We hope that everyone will find interesting useful information in the new issue. And, of course, we welcome your new submissions.

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Chitradurga Manjunath, Manasa, et Blessed Prince Pallayan. « Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm-based Feature Selection and Hybrid ML Framework for Efficient Rice Yield Prediction ». International journal of electrical and computer engineering systems 15, n^o 3 (2024) : 235–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32985/ijeces.15.3.3.

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India's economy predominantly depends on monsoon and agricultural output. Agribusiness products contribute to nearly a quarter of its gross domestic product and 58% of its population depends on agriculture for their livelihood. Certain crops, like rice, are vital to its food security being the most widely grown crop and accounting for one-third production of foodgrains in India. Understanding and enhancing its production is critical in ensuring food availability and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Rice yield prediction has been a most researched area in the agriculture domain. Machine Learning (ML) frameworks have been found to perform well in patches with large, complex datasets as insufficient feature engineering and temporal dependencies plague efficacy. In this paper, we propose a swam-based meta-heuristic artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm for feature selection from the dataset sourced from the Agricultural Production and Statistical Division of the Department of Agriculture Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Government of India. The feature engineering is further optimized by a hybrid model comprising a convolutional neural network (CNN) for learning hierarchical representations and identifying relevant attributes from the complex dataset and long short-term memory (LSTM) for temporal aspects. Finally, a random forest (RF) regressor provides the benefits of ensemble learning, which merges multiple decision trees to remove bias, and variance and improve prediction accuracy. From the results, it is observed that the proposed hybrid model outperforms existing state-of-the-art standalone and hybrid models with the highest coefficient of determination (R2) and lowest mean square error (MSE) of 0.989 and 13613 respectively. The reliable and efficient hybrid model can aid farmers and policymakers in making informed decisions related to rice yield prediction leading to sustainable agricultural practices.

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Pintauro, Peter N., Xiaozong Fan, Krysta Waldrop, John Slack, Ethan Self, John Waugh, Ryszard Wycisk, Kobby Saadi et David Zitoun. « (Energy Technology Division Walter van Schalkwijk Award in Sustainable Energy Technology Address) Exploring New Electrode Designs with Nanofibers ». ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, n^o 1 (22 décembre 2023) : 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02177mtgabs.

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In recent years, electrospinning has been gaining popularity as a robust and scalable technique for the fabrication of non-woven mats of sub-micron diameter polymer fibers. Although not as well studied, the technique can also be used to prepare particle/polymer fiber networks with high intra- and inter-fiber porosity. Such fibrous mats can be used as porous electrodes in fuel cells and batteries, where a high electrode/electrolyte interfacial area is needed. In this talk, particle/polymer electrospinning will be presented as a platform technique to fabricate a variety of electrode and membrane-electrode-assembly (MEA) products with unique and desirable compositions, architectures, and performance characteristics. Laboratory results will be presented for: (1) hydrogen/air fuel cell cathodes with Pt/C and PGM-free catalysts, (2) Pt/C hydrogen electrodes in a H2/Br2 redox flow battery, and (3) Si anodes for lithium-ion batteries. High particle content fibers containing Pt/C or Pt-alloy catalyst powder and a Nafion®perfluorosulfonic acid binder have shown great promise as electrodes in H2/air fuel cells. During electrospinning, Nafion ionomer migrates to the outer edges of the fiber, effectively creating a core-shell fiber morphology, with a low I/C ratio in the fiber interior. Additionally, the interior of the fiber contains nm-size pores and the outer surface of the Nafion shell exhibits enhanced hydrophobicity, due presumably to an accumulation of the polytetrafluoroethylene backbone chains (-CF2-CF2-) of Nafion. The resulting structure is advantageous in that the majority of catalyst particles are in a low I/C environment, nanopores in the fiber interior trap electro-generated water via capillary condensation, and the hydrophobic surface of the fibers facilitates electrogenerated water removal from the mat during fuel cell operation. The fuel cell power output using fiber mat anodes and cathodes is very high for a low Pt loading (0.10 -0.20 mg/cm2), near or above 1.0 W/cm2 for H2/air feeds in the range of 60-100% relative humidity.1,2 Additionally, the fiber mat cathodes exhibit excellent durability, with minimal power loss after accelerated voltage cycling tests. The hydrophobicity of fibers can be enhanced by adding polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) directly to the Nafion binder. Such blended binders in fiber/particle hybrid electrodes extend the operational lifetime of fuel cells with iron-based PGM-free cathode MEAs. As an extension of the fuel cell electrode work, electrospun Pt/C-Nafion nanofiber mat hydrogen electrodes have been made and tested for a H2-Br2 redox flow battery.3 The hydrophobic surface coating of core-shell fibers effectively blocks bromine species from poisoning the hydrogen electrode. In a 6.6 M HBr electrolyte lab-scale redox flow battery, the fiber mat electrodes worked extraordinarily well, with: (i) high power at low Pt loading, e.g., 650 mW/cm2 at 0.70 Vfor a loading of 0.11 mgPt/cm2 (6.4 kW/gPt) and 550 mW/cm2 at 0.65 V for a loading of 0.048 mgPt/cm2 (11.5 kW/gPt), (ii) no loss in power for more than 170 charge/discharge cycles, and (iii) a roundtrip current efficiency of 95%at both 0.2 and 0.3 A/cm2. For Li-ion battery applications, single and dual fiber anode mats have been prepared and evaluated, where the fibers contain a polymer binder (e.g., polyacrylic acid, polyamidimide, or polyvinylidene fluoride), Si nanoparticles as the electrochemically active material, and carbon powder as an electron conductor.4 Here, the gravimetric and areal capacities of the fiber anode are considerably higher than those of a conventional carbon particle anode. Inter-fiber voids allow for volume changes in Si during lithiation/delithiation, thus minimizing capacity fade during charge/discharge cycling (up to 600 cycles). Acknowledgments This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-EE0007653 from the Fuel Cell Technologies Office, through the Fuel Cell Performance and Durability Consortium (Fuel Cells Program Manager: Dimitrios Papageoropoulos) and Contract No. DE-EE0007215 from the Vehicle Technology Office. References: J. Slack, M. Brodt, D. A. Cullen, K. S. Reeves, K. L. More, and P. N. Pintauro, Journal of the Electrochemical Society,167 (2020) 054517. K. Waldrop, J. J. Slack, C. Gumeci, J. Parrondo, N. Dale, K. S. Reeves, D. A. Cullen, K. L. More, and P. N. Pintauro, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 170 (2023) 024507. K. Saadi, X. Fan, S. S. Hardisty, P. Pintauro, and D. Zitoun, Journal of Energy Storage, 59, (2023) 106430. E. C. Self, M. Naguib, R. E. Ruther, E. C. McRen, R. Wycisk, G. Liu, J. Nanda, and P. N. Pintauro, ChemSusChem, 10 (2017) 1823.

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Chatzichristofis, Savvas A. « Recent Advances in Educational Robotics ». Electronics 12, n^o 4 (12 février 2023) : 925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040925.

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The widespread use of artificial intelligence and robotics contributes, among other things, to create a new scientific field that aims to modernize and disrupt education. The term ’educational robotics’ is being introduced as a learning tool and definitively transforming young people’s education. At the same time, however, it is helping to create a fast-growing new industry that produces educational robots and tools. Companies with a long tradition, either in the creation of robotic equipment or in the production and distribution of toys, are setting up appropriate divisions and supplying the market with electronic devices for educational robotics. This new market is overgrowing and is rapidly becoming an investment attraction. According to MarketsandMarkets research, the educational robotics market is projected to grow from USD 1.3 billion in 2021 to USD 2.6 billion by 2026. Notably, the educational robotics market is expected to grow at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 16.1% from 2021 to 2026. At the same time, however, the field is attracting many startups securing independent funding for equipment design and implementation and independent efforts competing for funding from crowdfunding platforms. More than 2000 ideas have recently secured funding to build and distribute educational robotics tools through Kickstarter-type platforms. However, what is educational robotics, and how is it expected to transform how the next generation is educated?

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Lyubyashchenko, Sofia, et Alexander Zimens. « The Role of Socio-Economic Factors in the Formation of the Russian Statehood in the IX-XVI Centuries ». Ideas and Ideals 15, n^o 2-2 (28 juin 2023) : 296–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2075-0862-2023-15.2.2-296-311.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the influence of various economic aspects of the development of Russian statehood in the IX – XVI centuries. The authors consider the most important sectors of the Russian economy in the pre-Roman period, such as agriculture, crafts and trade. They also show the role of trade in the formation of regional markets and their integration into a single national market. The article discloses the significance of trade routes and partners, the structure of exports and imports, the functions of the state in regulating foreign economic relations. A separate part of the article is a chronological analysis of the dynamics of trade development. The following stages are distinguished: 1) IX - XI: the emergence and flourishing of Old Russian trade, 2) the middle of the XII - XIII centuries: a recession in trade against the backdrop of feudal fragmentation, the beginning of the flourishing of foreign trade in Novgorod, 3) XIII - XIV centuries: the destruction of trade relations in the southern and northeastern principalities, the flourishing of Novgorod trade, merchants, 4) the end of the XIV and the first half of the XVI century: the rise of Moscow merchants, positive dynamics in the development of trade, the development of new trade routes, access to new ports, the development of foreign trade with European countries, 5) the second half of the XVI - early XVII centuries: the crisis of trade and economic relations, the decline of agriculture, the decline in imports and exports. The article provides a rationale for the fact that trade played an important role in the spatial development of the state, as it contributed to the formation of cities, the resettlement of people and the integration of various segments of the population. Trade routes (‘from Varangians to Greeks’, Volga, Danube) penetrated the territory of the East European Plain, inhabited by tribal unions of the Slavs. Trade and defensive posts were formed along the banks of the rivers, which developed into large centers of trade, crafts, agriculture, military power, which formed the basis of the power of local princes and leaders. As a result, cities acquired not only trade and economic, but also administrative and strategic importance. The economic dependence of the tribes on cities, which were markets for agricultural products, handicrafts, precious metals, as well as the need to ensure security, became prerequisites for the formation and development of Russian statehood. The article shows the origin of the system of law in Rus’, the regulation of trade and economic relations, as well as the importance of various forms of management and cooperation (merchant guilds), which contributed to the unification of the Russian state. One guild could unite merchants from different cities, which facilitated and accelerated the process of annexing territories. Thus, unity was ensured not only by military force, but also by economic integration. Since the peasantry was the main element in the system of division of labor, the production of goods for foreign trade and material goods for domestic consumption, it can be considered a key factor influencing the development of trade and the main resource for the development of the economy. The historical transformation of the peasantry is closely correlated with the dynamics of the development of trade, so we can talk about the relationship of these elements.

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Pransky, Joanne. « The Pransky interview : Dr. Hugh Herr – Professor, MIT Media Lab ; Director, Biomechatronics Group and Co-director, MIT Center for Extreme Bionics ; Founder, BionX Medical Technologies Inc. » Industrial Robot : the international journal of robotics research and application 47, n^o 6 (17 juillet 2020) : 795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-06-2020-0115.

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Purpose The following paper is a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal as a method to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry PhD-turned successful innovator and entrepreneur regarding the commercialization and challenges of bringing his technological inventions to market. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Considered one of the top biomechatronics researchers in the world, Dr Hugh Herr heads the MIT Biomechatronics Research Group and Center for Extreme Bionics. His research programs seek to advance technologies that promise to accelerate the merging of body and machine, including device architectures that resemble the body’s musculoskeletal design, actuator technologies that behave like muscle and control methodologies that exploit principles of biological movement. Herr’s methods encompass a diverse set of scientific and technological disciplines that are advancing an emerging field of engineering science that applies principles of biomechanics and neural control to guide the designs of human rehabilitation and augmentative devices. Findings As a teenager, Herr was a highly competitive mountain climber until he had to have both legs amputated below the knees after suffering severe frostbite during a 1982 mountain expedition at the age of 17. As a result of this experience, he directed his efforts and talent to try to improve the mobility of people with disabilities. He graduated in physics in 1990 from the Millersville University (Pennsylvania). He subsequently earned a Master’s degree in Mechanical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1993 and a PhD in Biophysics at Harvard University in 1998. He then was a postdoctoral fellow in medical devices at MIT. He was Assistant Professor at the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School. Since 2000, he has been heading the MIT Biomechatronics Group within the Media Lab and has been Co-directing the Lab’s Center for Extreme Bionics since 2014. To bring his inventions to market, Herr founded a spin-off company out of MIT under the name iWalk in 2007, which was relaunched as BionX Medical Technologies Inc. in 2015, and acquired by Ottobock in 2017. Originality/value Herr is a world leader and inventor in the field of bionics and biomechanics whose research accomplishments have already made a significant impact on physically challenged people. Herr has produced several groundbreaking products, starting with a computer-controlled artificial knee in 2003, called the Rheo Knee™ System and commercialized by Össur Inc. He also designed his own bionic lower legs, the world’s first powered ankle-foot prosthesis to emulate the action of a biological leg and, for the first time, provides amputees with a natural gait. The Empower ankle system is now marketed by Ottobock. He is presently working on NeuroEmbodied Design methodology to restore proprioception to amputees. Herr has received major accolades including the Popular Mechanics Breakthrough Leadership Award (2005), the Heinz Award for Technology, the Economy and Employment (2007) and R&D Magazine’s 14th Innovator of the Year Award (2014) and a No Barriers Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2013 No Barriers Summit. His innovations were listed twice among TIME magazine’s Top Ten Inventions (2004; 2007) and which called him “Leader of the Bionic Age” in 2011. His life story has been told in the book Second Ascent: The Story of Hugh Herr (1991) and in the film Ascent: The Story of Hugh Herr, made in 2002 by National Geographic. He is the author and co-author of more than 150 peer-reviewed papers and patents.

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Zacharia, Vineetha M., Yein Ra, Catherine Sue, Elizabeth Alcala, Jewel N. Reaso, Steven E. Ruzin et Matthew F. Traxler. « Genetic Network Architecture and Environmental Cues Drive Spatial Organization of Phenotypic Division of Labor in Streptomyces coelicolor ». mBio, 18 mai 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00794-21.

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Streptomyces coelicolor is a multicellular bacterium that differentiates into specialized cell types and produces a diverse array of natural products. While much is known about the genetic networks that regulate development and antibiotic biosynthesis in S. coelicolor , what drives the spatial organization of these activities within a colony remains to be explored.

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Hartoonian, Gevork. « Theatrical Tectonics : The Mediating Agent for a Contesting Practice ». FOOTPRINT, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.59490/footprint.1.701.

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This paper posits the idea that the theme of agency in architecture is parallactic. It discusses the tectonic as an agent through which architecture turns into a state of constant flux. The intention is to promote a discourse of criticality, the thematic of which is drawn from the symptoms that galvanise architecture’s rapport with the image-laden culture of late capitalism. In an attempt to log the thematic of a contested practice, this essay will re-map the recent history of contemporary architecture. Exploring New Brutalism’s criticism of the established ethos of International Style architecture, the first part of this paper will highlight the movement’s tendency towards replacing the painterly with the sculptural, and this in reference to the contemporary interest in monolithic architecture. Having established the import of tectonics for the architecture of Brutalism, the paper then argues that in the present situation, when architecture – like other cultural products – is infatuated with the spectacle of late capitalism, a re-thinking of the Semperian notion of theatricality is useful. Of interest in the tectonic of theatricality is the work’s capacity to bring forth the division between intellectual and physical labours, and this in reference to architecture’s reserved acceptance of technification for which the aforementioned division is vital.Particular attention will be given to two projects, Zaha Hadid’s Phaeno Center and OMA’s Casa da Musica, where architectonic aspects of New Brutalism are revisited in the light of the tectonic of theatricality.

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Hartoonian, Gevork. « Theatrical Tectonics : The Mediating Agent for a Contesting Practice ». FOOTPRINT, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.59490/footprint.3.1.701.

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This paper posits the idea that the theme of agency in architecture is parallactic. It discusses the tectonic as an agent through which architecture turns into a state of constant flux. The intention is to promote a discourse of criticality, the thematic of which is drawn from the symptoms that galvanise architecture’s rapport with the image-laden culture of late capitalism. In an attempt to log the thematic of a contested practice, this essay will re-map the recent history of contemporary architecture. Exploring New Brutalism’s criticism of the established ethos of International Style architecture, the first part of this paper will highlight the movement’s tendency towards replacing the painterly with the sculptural, and this in reference to the contemporary interest in monolithic architecture. Having established the import of tectonics for the architecture of Brutalism, the paper then argues that in the present situation, when architecture – like other cultural products – is infatuated with the spectacle of late capitalism, a re-thinking of the Semperian notion of theatricality is useful. Of interest in the tectonic of theatricality is the work’s capacity to bring forth the division between intellectual and physical labours, and this in reference to architecture’s reserved acceptance of technification for which the aforementioned division is vital. Particular attention will be given to two projects, Zaha Hadid’s Phaeno Center and OMA’s Casa da Musica, where architectonic aspects of New Brutalism are revisited in the light of the tectonic of theatricality.

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Jasnin, Marion, Jordan Hervy, Stéphanie Balor, Anaïs Bouissou, Amsha Proag, Raphaël Voituriez, Jonathan Schneider et al. « Elasticity of podosome actin networks produces nanonewton protrusive forces ». Nature Communications 13, n^o 1 (4 juillet 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30652-6.

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AbstractActin filaments assemble into force-generating systems involved in diverse cellular functions, including cell motility, adhesion, contractility and division. It remains unclear how networks of actin filaments, which individually generate piconewton forces, can produce forces reaching tens of nanonewtons. Here we use in situ cryo-electron tomography to unveil how the nanoscale architecture of macrophage podosomes enables basal membrane protrusion. We show that the sum of the actin polymerization forces at the membrane is not sufficient to explain podosome protrusive forces. Quantitative analysis of podosome organization demonstrates that the core is composed of a dense network of bent actin filaments storing elastic energy. Theoretical modelling of the network as a spring-loaded elastic material reveals that it exerts forces of a few tens of nanonewtons, in a range similar to that evaluated experimentally. Thus, taking into account not only the interface with the membrane but also the bulk of the network, is crucial to understand force generation by actin machineries. Our integrative approach sheds light on the elastic behavior of dense actin networks and opens new avenues to understand force production inside cells.

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Di, Xiaolian. « Allocation and application of computer software system based on system architecture ». Journal of Intelligent & ; Fuzzy Systems, 22 mars 2021, 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-189841.

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With the improvement of software system complexity and frequent updating of user requirements, the requirements of the information software development industry for information construction are constantly improved, and the quality and management requirements of software products researched and developed are also constantly improved. Project managers in the information software development industry gradually realize the importance and necessity of software system deployment. It requires scientific, timely, effective and clear work. Software system deployment system for task division and task monitoring. Based on the research results at home and abroad, this paper studies the deployment of computer software system based on event-driven architecture by using a discrete Fourier transform algorithm, decision tree algorithm and parallel algorithm. By comparing and optimizing the advantages and disadvantages of discrete Fourier transform algorithm, decision tree algorithm and parallel algorithm. This paper studies the unified management, scheduling and allocation of computer software resources. The results show that after using the research model, the data error is controlled within 5%, and the overall data accuracy is improved by 15% compared with the previous methods, which have certain practical value.

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Delgado-Rodriguez, Pablo, Rodrigo Morales Sánchez, Elouan Rouméas-Noël, François Paris et Arrate Munoz-Barrutia. « Automatic classification of normal and abnormal cell division using deep learning ». Scientific Reports 14, n^o 1 (20 juin 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64834-7.

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AbstractIn recent years, there has been a surge in the development of methods for cell segmentation and tracking, with initiatives like the Cell Tracking Challenge driving progress in the field. Most studies focus on regular cell population videos in which cells are segmented and followed, and parental relationships annotated. However, DNA damage induced by genotoxic drugs or ionizing radiation produces additional abnormal events since it leads to behaviors like abnormal cell divisions (resulting in a number of daughters different from two) and cell death. With this in mind, we developed an automatic mitosis classifier to categorize small mitosis image sequences centered around one cell as “Normal” or “Abnormal.” These mitosis sequences were extracted from videos of cell populations exposed to varying levels of radiation that affect the cell cycle’s development. We explored several deep-learning architectures and found that a network with a ResNet50 backbone and including a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) layer produced the best results (mean F1-score: 0.93 ± 0.06). In the future, we plan to integrate this classifier with cell segmentation and tracking to build phylogenetic trees of the population after genomic stress.

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« An Adaptive Arbitration Technique with 4x4 Mesh Topology for Low Area and High Speed NOC Design ». International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, n^o 5 (10 mars 2020) : 960–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.e2653.039520.

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In recent days, On-Chip Communication is a major requirement in modern systems that produce efficient communication with less complexity and high throughput. Due to heavy traffic and increasing Network-On Chip (NoC) size, the routing algorithm produces poor performances. Normally, round-robin and matrix arbiters are used in NoC for high-speed switches. In this research work, three different types of arbiter algorithms are used such as priority algorithm, Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) algorithm, and Viterbi algorithm to improve the linearity of the NOC. Initially, the priority algorithm helps to minimize traffic congestion when the arbiter is in a busy mode. Second, the fairness and Quality of Service (QoS) of the NoC structure are analyzed by the TDM algorithm. Finally, the Viterbi algorithm based error prediction process is done in an NoC structure. Due to the usage of three proposed arbiter algorithms, the area of NoC can be reduced. The packet can be reached to the destination by using the arbitration process with less loss. In this research, the proposed methodology is called as Low AreaFault-Tolerant Adaptive Arbitration based NoC architecture (LAFTAA- NoC architecture). Finally, the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) performance is evaluated such as LUT, flip flop, slices, and frequency in Spartan 6 hardware. In the proposed method, 2.42% of LUT, 3.1% of flip flop, and 8.63% of slices have reduced when compared to existing work.

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Almahdi, Wijdan Abd, Hussein Attia Lafta et Yossra Hussain Ali. « Intelligent Task Scheduling Using Bat and Harmony Optimization ». Iraqi Journal of Science, 30 août 2023, 4187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.24996/ijs.2023.64.8.38.

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Cloud computing describes computer services provided through the internet and includes a wide range of virtualization resources. Because cloud computing is made up of a sizable number of heterogeneous autonomous systems with an adaptable computational architecture, it has been widely adopted by many businesses. The scheduling and management of resource utilization, however, have become more difficult as a result of cloud computing. Task scheduling is crucial, and this procedure must schedule tasks on the virtual machine while using the least amount of time possible. Utilizing an effective scheduling strategy enhances and expedites cloud computing services. Optimization techniques are used to resolve cloud scheduling problems. The purpose of this research is to address tasks distribution within the system to improve system performance overall and reduce task execution time. Two well-known optimization algorithms (the Bat, and Harmony search algorithms) were used in this approach as well as a combination approach Bat Algorithm Harmony Search ( BAHS ) that integrates the two. When compared to the other algorithms used for task scheduling, the (BAHS) method was chosen because it is flexible and produces effective results. Tests were run on a dataset that was created randomly. The suggested algorithm results were compared to the other popular algorithms in the field. The results show that the suggested swarm-based scheduling techniques can produce more accurate results than those of the competing algorithms in terms of the makespan , mean, and standard division.

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Chrysikou, E., E. Savvopoulou, E. Kostopoulou, N. Mukadam, I. Tsimopoulou, S. Pickering et A. Fatah gen. Schieck. « The social invisibility of mental health : understanding social exclusion through place & ; space ». European Journal of Public Health 29, Supplement_4 (1 novembre 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.571.

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Abstract Background The European target that the 5% of the healthcare service budget goes to mental health might not be enough to cover the inequity between health and mental health provision. The project is a multi-disciplinary, research-through-arts project, involving a Faculty of the Built Environment, a Division of Psychiatry and a School of Art. The project aims to identify elements demonstrating inequality demonstrated from place and space related to the facility provision. Methods The research compares mental vs healthcare facilities inside a catchment area, with photographs of the facades of the buildings and mapping their proximity to public transportation. It juxtaposes mental/healthcare facilities for access, condition and status compared to their surroundings. Results A book and an exhibition close to Bentham’s auto-icon, the designer of Panopticon custodial facility, demonstrated inverse links between his Panopticon, and the invisibility that NIMBYism produces towards the mentally ill that resulted in their exclusion, within deprived, vandalized, under-funded, isolated from public transport facilities “in the community”. Conclusions The project identified factors that contribute to the isolation of mental health facilities in terms of both space and place, and set the basis for further research in future projects. It demonstrated visually the under-budgeting of mental health facilities and their stigmatization as expressed by the centrality of locations and their overall projected image. This outlined the path for integrated, transdisciplinary research in the future involving architecture, arts and psychiatry. The project increased the awareness of the general public on social injustice, stigma and mental health. It combats NIMBYism and supports the fairer allocation of resources and placement of health facilities, aiming to put pressure to stakeholders involved in the NHS decision. Actions have been taken by the Trust involved to change. Key messages Inequalities between building (facades and location) contribute to mental illness stigma: this is what the general public views daily. Architecture can be a powerful medium to support inclusion.

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Xu, Qingping, Dominique Mengin-Lecreulx, Xueqian W. Liu, Delphine Patin, Carol L. Farr, Joanna C. Grant, Hsiu-Ju Chiu et al. « Insights into Substrate Specificity of NlpC/P60 Cell Wall Hydrolases Containing Bacterial SH3 Domains ». mBio 6, n^o 5 (15 septembre 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mbio.02327-14.

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ABSTRACTBacterial SH3 (SH3b) domains are commonly fused with papain-like Nlp/P60 cell wall hydrolase domains. To understand how the modular architecture of SH3b and NlpC/P60 affects the activity of the catalytic domain, three putative NlpC/P60 cell wall hydrolases were biochemically and structurally characterized. These enzymes all have γ-d-Glu-A2pm (A2pm is diaminopimelic acid) cysteine amidase (ordl-endopeptidase) activities but with different substrate specificities. One enzyme is a cell wall lysin that cleaves peptidoglycan (PG), while the other two are cell wall recycling enzymes that only cleave stem peptides with an N-terminall-Ala. Their crystal structures revealed a highly conserved structure consisting of two SH3b domains and a C-terminal NlpC/P60 catalytic domain, despite very low sequence identity. Interestingly, loops from the first SH3b domain dock into the ends of the active site groove of the catalytic domain, remodel the substrate binding site, and modulate substrate specificity. Two amino acid differences at the domain interface alter the substrate binding specificity in favor of stem peptides in recycling enzymes, whereas the SH3b domain may extend the peptidoglycan binding surface in the cell wall lysins. Remarkably, the cell wall lysin can be converted into a recycling enzyme with a single mutation.IMPORTANCEPeptidoglycan is a meshlike polymer that envelops the bacterial plasma membrane and bestows structural integrity. Cell wall lysins and recycling enzymes are part of a set of lytic enzymes that target covalent bonds connecting the amino acid and amino sugar building blocks of the PG network. These hydrolases are involved in processes such as cell growth and division, autolysis, invasion, and PG turnover and recycling. To avoid cleavage of unintended substrates, these enzymes have very selective substrate specificities. Our biochemical and structural analysis of three modular NlpC/P60 hydrolases, one lysin, and two recycling enzymes, show that they may have evolved from a common molecular architecture, where the substrate preference is modulated by local changes. These results also suggest that new pathways for recycling PG turnover products, such as tracheal cytotoxin, may have evolved in bacteria in the human gut microbiome that involve NlpC/P60 cell wall hydrolases.

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Khan, Sajid Ullah, Imdad Ullah, Najeeb Ullah, Sajid Shah, Mohammed El Affendi et Bumshik Lee. « A novel CT image de-noising and fusion based deep learning network to screen for disease (COVID-19) ». Scientific Reports 13, n^o 1 (23 avril 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33614-0.

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AbstractA COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has been declared a global pandemic by WHO. It first appeared in China at the end of 2019 and quickly spread throughout the world. During the third layer, it became more critical. COVID-19 spread is extremely difficult to control, and a huge number of suspected cases must be screened for a cure as soon as possible. COVID-19 laboratory testing takes time and can result in significant false negatives. To combat COVID-19, reliable, accurate and fast methods are urgently needed. The commonly used Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction has a low sensitivity of approximately 60% to 70%, and sometimes even produces negative results. Computer Tomography (CT) has been observed to be a subtle approach to detecting COVID-19, and it may be the best screening method. The scanned image's quality, which is impacted by motion-induced Poisson or Impulse noise, is vital. In order to improve the quality of the acquired image for post segmentation, a novel Impulse and Poisson noise reduction method employing boundary division max/min intensities elimination along with an adaptive window size mechanism is proposed. In the second phase, a number of CNN techniques are explored for detecting COVID-19 from CT images and an Assessment Fusion Based model is proposed to predict the result. The AFM combines the results for cutting-edge CNN architectures and generates a final prediction based on choices. The empirical results demonstrate that our proposed method performs extensively and is extremely useful in actual diagnostic situations.

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Tang, Mufeng, Yibo Yang et Yali Amit. « Biologically Plausible Training Mechanisms for Self-Supervised Learning in Deep Networks ». Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience 16 (21 mars 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2022.789253.

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We develop biologically plausible training mechanisms for self-supervised learning (SSL) in deep networks. Specifically, by biologically plausible training we mean (i) all updates of weights are based on current activities of pre-synaptic units and current, or activity retrieved from short term memory of post synaptic units, including at the top-most error computing layer, (ii) complex computations such as normalization, inner products and division are avoided, (iii) asymmetric connections between units, and (iv) most learning is carried out in an unsupervised manner. SSL with a contrastive loss satisfies the third condition as it does not require labeled data and it introduces robustness to observed perturbations of objects, which occur naturally as objects or observers move in 3D and with variable lighting over time. We propose a contrastive hinge based loss whose error involves simple local computations satisfying (ii), as opposed to the standard contrastive losses employed in the literature, which do not lend themselves easily to implementation in a network architecture due to complex computations involving ratios and inner products. Furthermore, we show that learning can be performed with one of two more plausible alternatives to backpropagation that satisfy conditions (i) and (ii). The first is difference target propagation (DTP), which trains network parameters using target-based local losses and employs a Hebbian learning rule, thus overcoming the biologically implausible symmetric weight problem in backpropagation. The second is layer-wise learning, where each layer is directly connected to a layer computing the loss error. The layers are either updated sequentially in a greedy fashion (GLL) or in random order (RLL), and each training stage involves a single hidden layer network. Backpropagation through one layer needed for each such network can either be altered with fixed random feedback weights (RF) or using updated random feedback weights (URF) as in Amity's study 2019. Both methods represent alternatives to the symmetric weight issue of backpropagation. By training convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with SSL and DTP, GLL or RLL, we find that our proposed framework achieves comparable performance to standard BP learning downstream linear classifier evaluation of the learned embeddings.

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