Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Archeologia Quantitativa »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Archeologia Quantitativa"
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Arponen, VPJ, Sonja Grimm, Lutz Käppel, Konrad Ott, Bernhard Thalheim, Yannic Kropp, Kim Kittig, Johanna Brinkmann et Artur Ribeiro. « Between natural and human sciences : On the role and character of theory in socio-environmental archeology ». Holocene 29, no 10 (24 juin 2019) : 1671–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683619857226.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Prominent voices in archeology have expressed deep skepticism about the role of theory in archeology, while with new, exciting methods at its disposal, archeological science is occasionally perceived as not needing theory at all. This article reflects upon the debate about theory in archeology to arrive at a robust but critical middle-range concept of the role and character of theory in socio-environmental archeology. It is argued that archeology is a data-based science and, consequently, in order for theory to be meaningful in socio-environmental archeology, theory ought explicitly aim to make its qualitative concepts quantitative to establish a clear relation to data and its interpretation. On the turn side, theory plays an important role critically reflecting upon the use of concepts in archeological understanding and explanation, as well as their origins in particular paradigms, as examples of which certain debates in scientific archeology are discussed (aDNA and migration, evolutionism). We argue that such a model would serve archeology far more than the dismissal of theory on the one hand and the continued production of ‘high’ theory in absence of operationalization on the other.
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Triana Vega, Angélica Viviana, Santiago Vélez Bedoya, Sergey Sedov, Elizabeth Solleiro Rebolledo et Jaime Díaz. « Quantitative analysis of micromorphological images in edaphosedimentary sequences of the archaeological sites of Tequendama and Aguazuque, Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia ». Boletín Geológico, no 47 (28 décembre 2020) : 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/0120-1425/boletingeo.47.2020.495.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Bogotá savanna is a very important site for Colombian archeology. At this site, researchers have identified the settlements of hunter-gatherers and agricultural farmers who inhabited the territory from the late Pleistocene to the late Holocene. These archaeological studies have established the ways of life, social dynamics and environmental interactions of these groups. To clarify settlement processes, this article presents a detailed micromorphological and micromorphometric analysis of sediments collected in archeological excavations conducted at the Tequendama and Aguazuque sites in the municipality of Soacha, Cundinamarca. This analysis quantifies the contents of archaeological materials, such as bone and coal, as well as carbonate remains, which are associated with various activities. The results show differences in the abundance of bones and charcoal between settlement levels. Level 7A (dated 6,897-7,001 BP) of the Tequendama site shows the highest density of occupation and activities of all levels analyzed in this study. Furthermore, based on paleoenvironmental interpretation, the presence of secondary carbonates indicates arid conditions in the Bogotá savanna matching the regional climatic records.
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Ruck, Lana, et Clifford T. Brown. « Quantitative analysis of Munsell color data from archeological ceramics ». Journal of Archaeological Science : Reports 3 (septembre 2015) : 549–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.08.014.
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Espinosa Espinosa, Aarón. « La participación ciudadana en fiestas populares del Caribe colombiano : análisis cuantitativo del Carnaval de Barranquilla y las Fiestas de Independencia de Cartagena ». Memorias 46 (25 février 2022) : 49–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/memor.46.394.26.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Este artículo analiza la participación ciudadana en actividades culturales, en particular en las fiestas de origen popular de mayor ascendiente en el Caribe colombiano, el Carnaval de Barranquilla y las Fiestas de Independencia de Cartagena, cuyas conexiones históricas y evolución han sido determinantes en la construcción de la memoria festiva regional. Se aplica el enfoque y el método de la economía de la cultura para identificar y comparar los factores asociados a la participación de la población durante la última década, y se utilizan las encuestas de los programas Cómo Vamos de ambas ciudades para evaluar empíricamente el papel de un conjunto de variables tradicionales y del contexto local en la decisión de participar en estas celebraciones. Los resultados muestran amplias brechas intere intra ciudades, que se asocian al capital cultural, el sexo y el tiempo de ocio, y a otras consideradas estructurales, como el estatus socioeconómico, la pobreza y el lugar de residencia. Estas inequidades son sustancialmente mayores en Cartagena, donde se hace necesario ampliar el acceso a los sectores más rezagados. Los resultados dan luces al diseño de políticas culturales locales más inclusiva y sostenible que dinamice el patrimonio cultural inmaterial de ambas ciudades.
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Lasheras, Roberto-Jesús, Jesús Anzano, Cristina Bello-Gálvez, Miguel Escudero et Jorge Cáceres. « Quantitative Analysis of Roman Archeological Ceramics by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ». Analytical Letters 50, no 8 (20 octobre 2016) : 1325–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00032719.2016.1217000.
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Ragab, Adla, et Ahmad Ragab. « Investigating the Potential Impacts of Mega Archeological Projects in Egypt ». Future Journal of Social Science 1, no 1 (16 mai 2022) : 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54623/fue.fcij.1.1.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cultural tourism has gained considerable prominence as a tool contributing to the social and economic development of countries. This paper investigates the potential impacts of recent mega archeological projects in Egypt. Three main questions are addressed in this study, including 1) How do stakeholders perceive the importance of mega archeological projects in Egypt?, 2) What are the potential economic, social, and environmental implications associated with mega archeological initiatives in Egypt?, and 3) How to utilize mega archeological projects to upscale Egyptian tourism? To provide answers to these questions, international experiences highlighting the return on cultural heritage investments are reviewed, and a quantitative survey is designed based on the triple bottom line approach. The findings of this study reveal that stakeholders recognize the foremost importance of the recent mega archeological projects in Egypt. This importance can be reflected in the role of such projects as an effective strategy to reinforce the competitive advantage of Egyptian tourism, enrich economic growth, support inclusive community development, and contribute to sustainable development. Also, the results indicate that the recent mega archeological projects can contribute to the tourism recovery in Egypt by attracting more purposeful cultural tourists, who are wholly motivated by culture, encouraging non-cultural tourists to partake in cultural activities, promoting domestic tourism flows, maximizing tourism contribution to GDP, and providing more job opportunities empowering women and youth. This paper concludes with proposed actions that can assist in utilizing the mega archeological projects for upscaling Egyptian tourism.
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Ragab, Adla, et Ahmad Ragab. « Investigating the Potential Impacts of Mega Archeological Projects in Egypt ». Future Journal of Social Science 1, no 1 (16 mai 2022) : 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54623/fue.fjss.1.1.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cultural tourism has gained considerable prominence as a tool contributing to the social and economic development of countries. This paper investigates the potential impacts of recent mega archeological projects in Egypt. Three main questions are addressed in this study, including 1) How do stakeholders perceive the importance of mega archeological projects in Egypt?, 2) What are the potential economic, social, and environmental implications associated with mega archeological initiatives in Egypt?, and 3) How to utilize mega archeological projects to upscale Egyptian tourism? To provide answers to these questions, international experiences highlighting the return on cultural heritage investments are reviewed, and a quantitative survey is designed based on the triple bottom line approach. The findings of this study reveal that stakeholders recognize the foremost importance of the recent mega archeological projects in Egypt. This importance can be reflected in the role of such projects as an effective strategy to reinforce the competitive advantage of Egyptian tourism, enrich economic growth, support inclusive community development, and contribute to sustainable development. Also, the results indicate that the recent mega archeological projects can contribute to the tourism recovery in Egypt by attracting more purposeful cultural tourists, who are wholly motivated by culture, encouraging non-cultural tourists to partake in cultural activities, promoting domestic tourism flows, maximizing tourism contribution to GDP, and providing more job opportunities empowering women and youth. This paper concludes with proposed actions that can assist in utilizing the mega archeological projects for upscaling Egyptian tourism.
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Przepiórka, Paulina. « Popularyzacja archeologii na przykładzie rezerwatu archeologicznego w Kaliszu-Zawodziu ». Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia 27 (29 décembre 2022) : 175–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/fpp.2022.27.09.
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The subject of this article is the analysis of the activities conducted by the Archaeological Reserve in Kalisz-Zawodzie and its role in education and popularization of archaeology. It is based on the results of conducted quantitative and qualitative research surveys among visitors to the reserve and residents of Kalisz, including students of one of the primary schools, and interviews with experts. On their basis, the profile of visitors, the motivation they were guided by and their perception of the reserve and its offer were determined. In order to improve the image of the reserve and develop an appropriate offer, an original program and organizational concept for the discussed facility was created on the basis of the collected information.
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Haynes, Gary. « Archeological Methods for Reconstructing Human Predation on Terrestrial Vertebrates ». Paleontological Society Papers 8 (octobre 2002) : 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1089332600001054.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Archeological interest in predation ranges from studies of the earliest evidence for human meat-eating, to attempts to understand the fossil record's ambiguity about the meaning of associated animal bones and human artifacts. A number of quantitative measures are used to find the meaningful patterns in archeological assemblages, and taphonomic research has also provided analogs and comparative standards for interpreting human behavior based on the evidence for predation. The most important methods, approaches, and interests are discussed here, using case studies to illustrate the way archeologists have thought about the record of humans as predators.
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Zhang, Yang, Yahui Li, Xuegang Liu, Yusong Wang, Huanjie Tang, Liang Qu, Yuping Shang et Wei Chen. « Quantitative assessment of collagen degradation in archeological leather by solid-state NMR ». Journal of Cultural Heritage 58 (novembre 2022) : 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2022.10.005.
Texte intégralThèses sur le sujet "Archeologia Quantitativa"
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Croce, Enrico. « Archeologia d'alta quota alle sorgenti del Brembo ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/350299.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The focus of this research is the area known as Sorgenti del Brembo di Carona (sources of river Brembo of Carona), which is located in the Orobie Alps (province of Bergamo, Italy). The current archaeological activities in the area, carried out by the Civico Museo Archeologico di Bergamo, are site-specific and mainly focused on Iron Age rock engravings and on a medieval dwelling excavation.
The present study aims at a wider approach to upland archaeology, more focused on landscape evolution rather than on single evidence. The starting point is the methodology developed in other alpine contexts, like the ALPES (Alpine Landscapes: Pastoralism and Environment of Val di Sole) project.
The data, gathered through extensive field survey activities, assessed the presence of a complex landscape, with pastoral evidence, iron mining facilities and charcoal production sites, dating from Early Middle Ages to the present. All the collected data are managed through a GIS in order to maintain their spatial reference. Therefore, it was possible to easy cross-reference them with several historical documents (cartography, cadastres, archives) and also to perform quantitative and spatial analysis. This method allowed us to reconstruct a diachronic evolution of human activities impact on the landscape formation.
An inductive predictive modelling based on the integration with ethnoarchaeology was also implemented using modern pastoral sites. The results shed light on the complex dynamics of the human approach to high-altitude regions and on the alpine environment constraints to human activities. On the other hand, it was also possible to asses both the strengths and biases of the current application of predictive models to Alpine cultural heritage.
The methodology developed during this research, following and implementing previously developed methods, can be a step forward on the definition of a common archaeological approach to upland contexts.Il progetto di ricerca nasce a seguito delle indagini archeologiche condotte dal Civico Museo Archeologico di Bergamo nel comune di Carona (BG), situato in alta val Brembana, sulle Alpi Orobie, che hanno permesso di identificare un sito cultuale con incisioni rupestri dell'età del Ferro e un villaggio minerario con fasi altomedievali e medievali. L'obiettivo principale della presente ricerca è stato ampliare la conoscenza storico-archeologica di tutto il territorio alla testata del Brembo di Carona, senza focalizzarsi su singoli siti e applicando le metodologie sviluppate all'Università di Trento nell'ambito del progetto ALPES (Alpine Landscapes: Pastoralism and Environment of Val di Sole), che prevedono un approccio al paesaggio montano in una prospettiva diacronica, inquadrabile nell'ambito della Landscape Archaeology. Le attività di ricerca sul campo hanno rappresentato il fulcro del progetto, permettendo l'individuazione di centinaia di evidenze antropiche. I dati raccolti sul campo sono stati contestualizzati attraverso l'analisi di diverse tipologie di fonti e materiali, non solo di tipo archeologico ma anche inquadrabili in ambiti storico-archivistici e topografici, con un’impostazione della ricerca in senso marcatamente interdisciplinare. L'elaborazione di un modello predittivo etnoarcheologico ha avuto il duplice obiettivo di fornire uno strumento di interpretazione delle strutture presenti sul territorio e di validare la stessa metodologia prognostica impiegata, già elaborata in ambito trentino. I dati raccolti e i risultati della loro analisi hanno permesso la ricostruzione diacronica di un paesaggio complesso, caratterizzato dalla compresenza di differenti attività economiche (pastorizia, attività minerarie e sfruttamento forestale), attraverso le quali si è espressa l'azione umana nell'ambiente montano lungo l'arco di più di un millennio. La metodologia proposta, in quanto sintesi di diverse esperienze di ricerca in ambito alpino, potrebbe porre le basi per una più ampia riflessione riguardo possibili approcci condivisi e comuni ad una "archeologia di montagna", che sempre più si sta delineando come una disciplina autonoma.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Archeologia Quantitativa"
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« Quantitative Analysis and Pattern Recognition ». Dans Method and Theory in Historical Archeology, 31–46. Eliot Werner Publications, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2sx9g77.10.
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Bugalhão, Jacinta. « Arqueologia e Arqueólogos no Norte de Portugal ». Dans Arqueologia em Portugal 2020 - Estado da Questão - Textos, 85–100. Associação dos Arqueólogos Portugueses e CITCEM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/978-989-8970-25-1/arqa06.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper intends to present quantitative data on Archeology in the North of Portugal between 1970 and the beginning of the 20th century. Archeology teaching, archaeologists, institutions with labour in Archeology and archaeological activity are analyzed, seeking to identify convergences and divergences, in relation to the national reality. Higher education establishments in the region and their training offer are covered. The distributions by sex, age, qualification, form of exercise of the activity, type of employment relationship and institutional framework of northern archaeologists are presented. On the archaeological activity, the category (research, valorisation, preventive and emergency), typology and institutional framework and also urban archeology and the one developed in underwater or humid environments are addressed.
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Campagna, Lucrezia. « Studi quantitativi su alcuni contesti ceramici di Roma (IX-XIV secolo) : ». Dans RACTA 2018 : Ricerche di Archeologia Cristiana, Tardantichità e Altomedioevo, 199–204. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1zcm16d.29.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Archeologia Quantitativa"
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Холошин, П. Р. « Resent Approaches to the Study of Clay Vessels’ Shapes in West European and American Archaeology ». Dans ФОРМЫ ГЛИНЯНЫХ СОСУДОВ КАК ОБЪЕКТ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ. Crossref, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2018.978-5-94375-254-4.228-246.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The article presents a survey of main prospects and procedures of archeological vessel shapes study employed by West European and American researchers. Development of methods and techniques used in vessel shapes description and interpretation as a source of cultural-historical information is analyzed. The basic concepts of vessel shapes analytical study were formulated by A.O. Shepard in the 1950s. She proposed principal procedural approaches in her fundamental work (1956). Later on, these approaches gained momentum. The procedure of vessel shape disintegration into structural parts and evaluation of proportions of their рarameters is the most widespread method. The New Archeology impact exemplifies in striving for clear quantitative definition of vessel parameters and in elaboration of a functional perception of the material culture development. New sources (ethnography and experiments) are come to draw in study of vessel shapes. Study of pottery in traditional societies has brought up two problems: 1) incongruity of researchers’ typological developments and evaluation terms of the very culture-bearers and 2) limitations of functional and adaptive models of interpretation. The first problem has brought about the task description of a more detailed and objective fixation of vessel shapes peculiarities while vessels groupings further on is performed by dint of various mathematic and statistical methods. The second problem has brought about a wide drawing of sociological and cultural research concepts that allow proceeding to study of vessel shapes features in interpretation of data obtained as results of certain mental processes and behavioral patterns that the people formed. Ethnoarchaeology, i.e. study of traditional societies with techniques employed in archeology, makes a considerable contribution to this prospect development. Individual researchers also carry on study of traditional potters’ labor skills in specifically simulated conditions. A number of researchers assume that contemporary techniques of vessel shapes analysis fit poorly the developed notions of the nature of the phenomenon and express the necessity to overcome the flaw. In general, development of views on vessel shapes in West European and American historical studies conform the same regularities as the Russian archeology does.
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Guerra, John M. « Photon Tunneling Microscopy of Diamond Turned Surfaces ». Dans Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1992.tub4.
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The process of precision machining an optical surface with a diamond tool can produce a fascinating topography that contains a wealth of information not only about the optical quality of the part, but about the tool, machine, and process as well. The topography is thus an archeological record of the machining characteristics at any point in time. In order to pull all possible information from the topography, one would like a profiler that is not only quantitative, with high resolution, but fully qualitative as well with a field of view large enough to teach topographic trends and facilitate pattern recognition.
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Nottoli, Emmanuelle, Philippe Bienvenu, Didier Bourlès, Alexandre Labet, Maurice Arnold et Maité Bertaux. « Determination of Long-Lived Radionuclide (10Be, 41Ca, 129I) Concentrations in Nuclear Waste by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ». Dans ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96054.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Radiological characterization of nuclear waste is essential for storage sites management. However, most of Long-Lived RadioNuclides (LLRN), important for long-term management, are difficult to measure since concentration levels are very low and waste matrices generally complex. In an industrial approach, LLRN concentrations are not directly measured in waste samples but assessed from scaling factors with respect to easily measured gamma emitters. Ideally, the key nuclide chosen (60Co, 137Cs) should be produced by a similar mechanism (fission or activation) as the LLRN of interest and should have similar physicochemical properties. However, the uncertainty on the scaling factors, determined from experimental and/or calculation data, can be quite important. Consequently, studies are performed to develop analytical procedures which would lead to determine precisely the concentration of LLRN in nuclear waste. In this context, the aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of three LLRN: 129I (T1/2 = 15.7×106 a), 41Ca (T1/2 = 9.94×104 a) and 10Be (T1/2 = 1.387×106 a) in spent resins used for primary fluid purification in Pressurized Water Reactors using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) for measurement. The AMS technique combined mass spectrometry and nuclear physics to achieve highly efficient molecular and elemental isobars separation. Energies of several Million Electron-Volt transferred to the ions in the first accelerating part of specifically developed tandem accelerators lead to molecular isobars destruction through interaction with the argon gas used to strip the injected negative ions to positive ones. At the exit of the tandem accelerator, the energy acquired in both accelerating parts allows an elemental isobars separation based on their significantly different energy loss (dE) while passing through a thickness of matter dx that is proportional to their atomic number (Z) and inversely proportional to ions velocity (ν) according to the Bethe-Block law (1). (1)dEdx=k*Z2ν2 The use of a particle accelerator in conjunction with a selective ion source, mass and energy filters and a high-performance detector thus allow unambiguously identifying and measuring analyte concentration against much more abundant interfering isobars. The development of AMS and of related applications have recently been extensively reviewed [1–3]. Up to now, the potentialities of the accelerator mass spectrometry technique were explored for the measurement of cosmogenic radionuclides produced in the Earth’s environment either in the atmosphere or in the Earth’s crust (in situ-production). Many applications aiming to date and/or quantify Earth surface processes have been developed in the fields of geology, geomorphology and planetary sciences as well as archeology paleoanthropology and biomedicine. The present study extends the scope of AMS to nuclear industry. Because AMS facilities are not widely accessible and difficult to handle, LLRN concentrations in nuclear waste are usually determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and radiometric techniques. However for the measurement of very low LLRN concentrations, AMS becomes the most effective measurement method with detection limits of 105–106 atoms per sample. In this study, AMS measurements were performed using the French AMS national facility ASTER located at the Centre Européen de Recherche et d’Enseignement des Géosciences de l’Environnement (CEREGE). The challenge was to define a chemical treatment procedure allowing the measurement of the three nuclides, 10Be, 41Ca and 129I, by AMS. Each method selection was based on three main requirements: 1) a quantitative recovery in solution of Be, Ca, I and key radionuclides after resin mineralization, 2) a selective extraction from the sample matrix and the separation from β-γ emitters (3H, 14C, 55Fe, 59Ni, 60Co, 63Ni, 90Sr, 125Sb, 134Cs, 137Cs) and isobars, 3) the precipitation of each element under the best suited forms (i.e. AgI, CaF2, BeO) for AMS measurements. The chosen methods were optimized on synthetic solutions and finally applied for the determination of the three LLRN concentrations in spent resins from a 900 MWe Nuclear Power Reactor.