Articles de revues : « Anomalia italiana »

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Vannucci, Alberto. « L'infelice anomalia italiana : la corruzione come sistema ». QUESTIONE GIUSTIZIA, n^o 1 (septembre 2013) : 147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/qg2013-001011.

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Velasco, Demetrio. « Republicanismo y Cristianismo ». Estudios de Deusto 49, n^o 1 (20 janvier 2015) : 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/ed-49(1)-2001pp137-170.

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Cuando escribo estas páginas, un nutrido y escogido grupo de intelectuales y políticos debaten en Madrid, en un seminario celebrado con ocasión del XXV aniversario del diario El País, sobre la Democracia del milenio. El pesimismo expresado casi de forma generalizada ante el futuro de la democracia se basa en la constatación de graves peligros (como la forma en que se está realizando la globalización, los nacionalismos excluyentes, la corrupción, el control oligárquico de los medios de comunicación social) que amenazan con su destrucción. Un artículo de U. Eco, titulado «Las elecciones italianas, un referéndum moral»1, describe el penoso panorama de una sociedad aquejada de la denominada «anomalía italiana», que explicaría la temida victoria de Berlusconi.

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Pavoni, C., E. Cretella Lombardo, R. Lione, P. Bollero, F. Ottaviani et P. Cozza. « Orthopaedic treatment effects of functional therapy on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in subjects with sleep-disordered breathing and Class II malocclusion ». Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica 37, n^o 6 (décembre 2017) : 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14639/0392-100x-1420.

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Con il termine Sleep disorder breathing (SDB) sintendono tutte quelle difficoltà respiratorie che si verificano durante il sonno. Si può osservare una grande variabilità nella sintomatologia dei pazienti affetti da SDB, direttamente proporzionale alla resistenza che le vie aeree superiori offrono al passaggio dellaria quando queste sono ostruite. LSDB rappresenta un ampio ventaglio di disturbi che vanno dal russamento primario fino ad arrivare alle apnee ostruttive del sonno. I bambini con problemi respiratori tendono a compensare lostruzione delle vie aeree assumendo posizioni caratteristiche, tali da garantire il mantenimento della pervietà delle vie aeree durante il sonno. Unanomalia di posizione nel sonno, durante la fase di crescita e sviluppo, si ripercuote in unalterazione dello sviluppo occlusale e in una modifica del pattern di crescita. Le principali alterazioni sono a carico del mascellare superiore, dellaltezza facciale, del tono muscolare e della posizione mandibolare; nei bambini con SDB, infatti, è spesso presente un pattern scheletrico di Classe II, con lunghezza mandibolare ridotta ed overbite aumentato. Lo scopo del presente studio è stato quello di valutare i cambiamenti craniofacciali indotti dalla terapia funzionale di avanzamento mandibolare con particolare riferimento alla dimensione sagittale delle vie aeree, superiori ed inferiori, alla posizione dellosso ioide e alla posizione della lingua in soggetti con SDB e malocclusione di Classe II, messi a confronto con un gruppo controllo in Classe II non trattato. 51 soggetti (24 femmine, 27 maschi; età media 9,9 ± 1,3 anni) con malocclusione dentoscheletrica di Classe II e SDB trattati con il dispositivo funzionale Monoblocco Modificato (MM) sono stati messi a confronto con un gruppo controllo non trattato di 31 soggetti (15 maschi, 16 femmine; età media 10,1 ± 1,1 anni) presentanti la stessa malocclusione senza SDB. Il gruppo di studio è stato valutato da uno specialista in otorinolaringoiatria per la definizione del tipo di respirazione ed è stato sottoposto ad un esame fisico completo. I genitori di tutti i pazienti hanno completato un questionario per valutare la presenza di sintomi notturni e diurni prima e dopo il test clinico (versione italiana in 22 punti del Pediatric sleep questionnaire, ideato da Ronald Chervin). Le teleradiografie in proiezione latero laterale sono state analizzate allinizio e alla fine del trattamento con MM. Tutte le misurazioni cefalometriche dei due gruppi sono state analizzate attraverso dei test per la valutazione statistica dei cambiamenti avvenuti durante il trattamento. I risultati hanno evidenziato dei cambiamenti scheletrici favorevoli nel gruppo trattato a tempo T2. La terapia funzionale di avanzamento mandibolare ha indotto dei cambiamenti statisticamente significativi nella dimensione sagittale delle vie aeree, nella posizione dellosso ioide e nella posizione della lingua in soggetti di Classe II affetti da SDB rispetto ai controlli non trattati. Dopo la terapia ortodontica in 45 pazienti del gruppo di studio è stata osservata una riduzione dei sintomi diurni di SDB. Il trattamento con apparecchiature funzionali, non solo migliora i rapporti tra mascellare superiore e mandibola, ma riduce anche il rischio del collasso delle vie aere superiori. La logica terapeutica si basa sul concetto che tutte le anomalie, legate ad un retroposizionamento mandibolare, beneficiano della terapia funzionale di avanzamento mandibolare, che è in grado di ampliare lo spazio posteriormente alla lingua ed allo stesso tempo promuovere lavanzamento linguale. Lo spostamento anteriore della mandibola influenza la posizione dellosso ioide e la posizione della lingua, aumentando lo spazio intermascellare in cui questultima alloggia e migliorando la morfologia delle vie aeree superiori. Ne consegue sia la risoluzione della malocclusione scheletrica di Classe II che il miglioramento dei rapporti retrofaringei, eliminando quei fattori predisponenti per lo sviluppo di disturbi respiratori in età adulta.

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Arena, Antonio Ignazio. « El bicameralismo italiano : ¿una anomalía ? (Una respuesta muy breve) ». Revista de Estudios Políticos, n^o 190 (23 novembre 2020) : 289–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.18042/cepc/rep.190.10.

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Se suele afirmar que el bicameralismo italiano es «anómalo». El escrito está dedicado a un examen crítico de esta tesis. En la primera parte nos centramos en los orígenes históricos del sistema parlamentario italiano, teniendo en cuenta las similitudes y diferencias con respecto a otras tradiciones constitucionales. Después se reflexiona sobre la composición del Senado (apoyando su reconducción al modelo de la Cámara de los sabios, y sobre la identidad de las funciones atribuidas a las dos Cámaras, y finalmente sobre la posibilidad de un trade-off entre la Segunda Cámara y los nuevos instrumentos de democracia directa y participativa.

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Pingue, Antonino. « La ambigüedad semántica en Andrea Camilleri. Propuesta para una traducción no estándar ». Cuadernos de Filología Italiana 28 (20 septembre 2021) : 163–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/cfit.75190.

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Andrea Camilleri, autor de novelas policíacas de éxito publicadas en numerosos países extranjeros, no escribe en la norma culta del italiano. Todas sus obras utilizan una interlengua que ha sido descrita como un hibrido entre el italiano y el dialecto siciliano. Aunque existen muchas novelas que se caracterizan por adoptar una variedad diatópica –pensamos en textos como Ragazzi di vita de Pasolini, o Quel pasticciaccio brutto di via Merulana de Gadda- Camilleri es el primero que realiza una elección semejante en un ámbito de literatura de género con vocación comercial. Eso lo ha convertido en una anomalía y en un reto para su publicación en el extranjero. Las editoriales han tenido que plantearse si traducir la variedad lingüística empleada, en detrimento de una comprensibilidad, o eliminar los rasgos dialectales en la traducción. La mayoría han optado por esta última alternativa, aunque muchos traductólogos y traductores han avanzado otras propuestas. En el centro de este debate está el axioma de que la dificultad lectora de las novelas de Camilleri surge en el momento de traducirlas. Este trabajo quiere proponer un enfoque distinto. El punto de partida es una simple observación: el léxico empleado por Camilleri dificulta la lectura también al lector italiano. Solo una minoría de italianos hablan y entienden el siciliano. La problemática polisistémica que conlleva la traducción a una lengua meta, en realidad, ya existe en la edición original. Si es así, el dialecto cumple en las novelas policíacas de Camilleri una función inédita: poner al lector -también al lector italiano- dentro de un juego de descodificación. Intentaremos sacar a Camilleri del debate sobre la traducibilidad del dialecto para colocarlo en un marco paralelo y más amplio: el del autor que juega con la lengua y su ambigüedad semántica.

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Frosini, Tommaso Edoardo. « Anatomía y anomalía de un Gobierno técnico : el caso italiano ». Teoría y Realidad Constitucional, n^o 30 (1 juin 2012) : 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/trc.30.2012.7008.

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En este artículo se explica perfectamente el nacimiento en Italia de un gobierno técnico presidido por Mario Monti. El nombramiento de Monti es atribuible a una elección del Presidente de la República, Giorgio Napolitano, tras la dimisión de Berlusconi. Las reflexiones realizadas sobre la existencia de un gobierno técnico son especialmente interesantes: los gobiernos técnicos chirrían y se oponen a los recorridos constitucionales normales.This article explains perfectly the technical government in Italy presided by Mario Monti. Monti’s Government is attributable to a choice of the President of the Republic, Giorgio Napolitano, after Berlusconi’s resignation. The reflections realized about the existence of a technical government are specially interesting: technical governments are against the constitutional normal.

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Garcia, Fernanda Di Flora, et João Carlos Soares Zuin. « Entre a detenção e o acolhimento : as consequências do estado de emergência permanente na Itália ». Mediações - Revista de Ciências Sociais 22, n^o 1 (19 septembre 2017) : 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/2176-6665.2017v22n1p80.

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O artigo analisa o sistema dos centros de confinamento para estrangeiros na Itália e a intersecção entre a lógica da detenção e a lógica humanitária. O objetivo do trabalho é evidenciar como a legislação migratória italiana, baseada há mais de duas décadas no paradigma securitário e nas declarações sistemáticas da emergência, fomentou diversas anomalias no que diz respeito às políticas públicas de acolhimento e detenção, com graves consequências para as pessoas em seu interior.

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Regonini, Gloria. « LE POLITICHE SOCIALI IN ITALIA : METODI DI ANALISI ». Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica 15, n^o 3 (décembre 1985) : 335–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048840200003348.

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IntroduzioneQuesto articolo si propone tre obiettivi: discutere alcuni recenti orientamenti metodologici emersi dagli studi comparati sul policy making nei paesi occidentali; mettere alla prova la loro capacità di catturare elementi importanti del modo di elaborare le politiche sociali in Italia; controllare se non sia possibile trattare le discordanze tra i modelli considerati ed il caso italiano non come meri residui o come prodotti di una qualche anomalia nazionale, ma come elementi per un riesame degli schemi inizialmente assunti come punto di riferimento, in modo da ampliarne il potere esplicativo.

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Masci, F., P. Palangio et A. Meloni. « The INGV tectonomagnetic network : 2004–2005 preliminary dataset analysis ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 6, n^o 5 (11 septembre 2006) : 773–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-6-773-2006.

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Abstract. It is well established that earthquakes and volcanic eruption can produce small variations in the local geomagnetic field. The Italian Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) tectonomagnetic network was installed in Central Italy since 1989 to investigate possible effects on the local geomagnetic field related to earthquakes occurrences. At the present time, total geomagnetic field intensity data are collected in four stations using proton precession magnetometers. We report the complete dataset for the period of years 2004–2005. The data of each station are differentiated respect to the data of the other stations in order to detect local field anomalies removing the contributions from the other sources, external and internal to the Earth. Unfortunately, no correlation between geomagnetic anomalies and the local seismic activity, recorded in Central Italy by the INGV Italian Seismic National Network, was found in this period. Some deceptive structures present in the differentiated data are pointed out.

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Zeri, Fabrizio, Isabella Beltramo, Laura Boccardo, Paolo Palumbo, Vincenzo Petitti, James S. Wolffsohn et Shehzad A. Naroo. « An Italian Translation and Validation of the near Activity Visual Questionnaire (NAVQ) ». European Journal of Ophthalmology 27, n^o 6 (4 novembre 2017) : 640–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/ejo.5000957.

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Purpose To validate the Near Activity Vision Questionnaire (NAVQ) in Italian to allow the assessment of presbyopia corrections in Italian-speaking patients. Methods An Italian version of the NAVQ was arranged through several steps: an initial forward translation (from English to Italian), a backward translation (from Italian to English), and finally a consensual version to check against the original NAVQ. This prospective study enrolled native Italian-speaking presbyopic patients with corrected distance visual acuity of 0.20 logMAR or better in each eye and free of ocular anomalies. Six different groups of patients were asked to complete the questionnaire: emerging presbyopic patients, reading spectacle users, multifocal spectacle users, multifocal contact lens (CL) wearers, monovision CL wearers, and monofocal intraocular lens patients. Subjects were asked to answer the questionnaire again 2 weeks after the first completion. Results A total of 207 subjects completed the questionnaire. Data analysis showed good internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.93) and factorial validity with only one factor explaining 62.0% of the variance. Test-retest reliability was extremely good (ICC = 0.92) as well as discriminatory power of the questionnaire's ability to discriminate between subjects with different forms of presbyopic correction. Conclusions The Italian version of the NAVQ matches the properties of the original English version. It is a valid instrument to evaluate near activity visual quality of presbyopic Italian speakers.

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Aminoff, Dalia, Edoardo La Sala et Antonio Zaccara. « Follow-up of anorectal anomalies : the Italian parents' and patients' perspective ». Journal of Pediatric Surgery 41, n^o 4 (avril 2006) : 837–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2005.12.061.

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Moss, D. « Anomalies in the Academy : The Vicissitudes of Italian Studies in Australia ». Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 3, n^o 2 (1 juin 2004) : 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474022204042683.

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Paranunzio, Roberta, Francesco Laio, Marta Chiarle, Guido Nigrelli et Fausto Guzzetti. « Climate anomalies associated with the occurrence of rockfalls at high-elevation in the Italian Alps ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, n^o 9 (12 septembre 2016) : 2085–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-2085-2016.

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Abstract. Climate change is seriously affecting the cryosphere in terms, for example, of permafrost thaw, alteration of rain ∕ snow ratio, and glacier shrinkage. There is concern about the increasing number of rockfalls at high elevation in the last decades. Nevertheless, the exact role of climate parameters in slope instability at high elevation has not been fully explored yet. In this paper, we investigate 41 rockfalls listed in different sources (newspapers, technical reports, and CNR IRPI archive) in the elevation range 1500–4200 m a.s.l. in the Italian Alps between 1997 and 2013 in the absence of an evident trigger. We apply and improve an existing data-based statistical approach to detect the anomalies of climate parameters (temperature and precipitation) associated with rockfall occurrences. The identified climate anomalies have been related to the spatiotemporal distribution of the events. Rockfalls occurred in association with significant temperature anomalies in 83 % of our case studies. Temperature represents a key factor contributing to slope failure occurrence in different ways. As expected, warm temperatures accelerate snowmelt and permafrost thaw; however, surprisingly, negative anomalies are also often associated with slope failures. Interestingly, different regional patterns emerge from the data: higher-than-average temperatures are often associated with rockfalls in the Western Alps, while in the Eastern Alps slope failures are mainly associated with colder-than-average temperatures.

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Even, Yael. « Andrea Del Castagno's Eve : Female Heroes as Anomalies in Italian Renaissance Art ». Woman's Art Journal 14, n^o 2 (1993) : 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1358448.

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Ardizzi, Guerino, Pierpaolo De Franceschis et Michele Giammatteo. « Cash payment anomalies and money laundering : An econometric analysis of Italian municipalities ». International Review of Law and Economics 56 (décembre 2018) : 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.irle.2018.08.001.

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Pavolini, Emmanuele. « I servizi di welfare come beni collettivi per lo sviluppo : le anomalie del caso italiano ». QA Rivista dell'Associazione Rossi-Doria, n^o 4 (février 2015) : 65–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/qu2014-004004.

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Bartoli, A., A. De Lorenzo, E. Medvet, M. Faraguna et F. Tarlao. « A Security-Oriented Analysis of Web Inclusions in the Italian Public Administration ». Cybernetics and Information Technologies 18, n^o 4 (1 novembre 2018) : 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2018-0050.

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Abstract Modern web sites serve content that browsers fetch automatically from a number of different web servers that may be placed anywhere in the world. Such content is essential for defining the appearance and behavior of a web site and is thus a potential target for attacks. Many public administrations offer services on the web, thus we have entered a world in which web sites of public interest are continuously and systematically depending on web servers that may be located anywhere in the world and are potentially under control of other governments. In this work we focus on these issues by investigating the content included by almost 10000 web sites of the Italian Public Administration. We analyse the nature of such content, its quantity, its geographical location, the amount of dynamic variations over time. Our analyses demonstrate that the perimeter of trust of the Italian Public Administration collectively includes countries that are well beyond the control of the Italian government and provides several insights useful for implementing a centralized monitoring service aimed at detecting anomalies.

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Pavani, Giorgia. « Anomalies of the Italian Public Service Broadcasting Despite the Law 220 of 2015 ». European Public Law 23, Issue 3 (1 août 2017) : 507–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2017030.

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Rossi, Matteo, et Gerarda Fattoruso. « The EMH and the market anomalies : an empirical analysis on Italian stock market ». International Journal of Managerial and Financial Accounting 9, n^o 3 (2017) : 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmfa.2017.086689.

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Rossi, Matteo, et Gerarda Fattoruso. « The EMH and the market anomalies : an empirical analysis on Italian stock market ». International Journal of Managerial and Financial Accounting 9, n^o 3 (2017) : 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmfa.2017.10007756.

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Taruscio, Domenica, Alberto Mantovani, Paolo Salerno et Orietta Granata. « The Italian Registry for congenital anomalies : a tool for surveillance and primary prevention ». Reproductive Toxicology 80 (septembre 2018) : 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.067.

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Fedi, M., G. Florio et A. Rapolla. « The role of remanent magnetization in the Southern Italian crust from aeromagnetic anomalies ». Terra Nova 2, n^o 6 (novembre 1990) : 629–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.1990.tb00128.x.

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Lichtner, Giacomo. « ‘Io so’ : the absence of resolution as resolution in contemporary Italian cinema about the ‘years of lead’ ». Modern Italy 22, n^o 2 (mai 2017) : 167–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mit.2017.14.

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This article analyses three fantasy sequences in contemporary Italian cinema about political terrorism in the period known as the anni di piombo (‘years of lead’). It argues that, faced with divided memories, ideologically-charged narratives of the past, political interference and the so-called Italian anomalies, film-makers have reacted by making the absence of resolution a question in its own right. The article identifies and analyses three specific approaches, each linked to a sequence from each film. The first sequence, ‘uno sfondo di verità’, focuses on Marco Tullio Giordana’s Romanzo di una strage, which navigates the absence of resolution, lamenting it but also exploiting it to force a particular version of events. The second sequence, ‘vado a dormire’, focuses on Marco Bellocchio’s Buongiorno, notte, which uses a dream sequence to fabricate a different resolution, but simultaneously underscore reality. The third sequence, ‘mea culpa’, analyses the invented confession scene in Paolo Sorrentino’s Il Divo, arguing that it employs ambiguity to find closure in imagination itself, rather than in an imagined truth. Through the micro-analyses of these texts, this article seeks to highlight a broader question about cinema’s relationship with ambiguity and mystery in modern Italian history.

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D’Alessandro, Michela, Luca Castriota, Pierpaolo Consoli, Teresa Romeo et Franco Andaloro. « Pseudonereis anomala (Polychaeta, Nereididae) expands its range westward : first Italian record in Augusta and Siracusa harbours ». Marine Biodiversity 46, n^o 1 (2 avril 2015) : 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526-015-0334-8.

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Stepanov, Arthur, Sara Andreetta, Penka Stateva, Adam Zawiszewski et Itziar Laka. « Anomaly detection in the processing of complex syntax by early L2 learners ». Second Language Research 36, n^o 3 (21 février 2019) : 371–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658319827065.

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This study investigates the processing of long-distance syntactic dependencies by native speakers of Slovenian (L1) who are advanced learners of Italian as a second language (L2), compared with monolingual Italian speakers. Using a self-paced reading task, we compare sensitivity of the early-acquired L2 learners to syntactic anomalies in their L2 in two empirical domains: (1) syntactic islands, for which the learners’ L1 and L2 grammars provide a converging characterization, and (2) verb–clitic constructions, for which the respective L1 and L2 grammatical descriptions diverge. We find that although our L2 learners show native-like processing patterns in the former, converging, grammatical domain, they may nevertheless perform non-native-like with respect to syntactic phenomena in which the L1 and L2 grammars do not align, despite the early age of L2 acquisition. Implications for theories of L2 acquisition and endstate are discussed.

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Fedi, M., G. Florio et A. Rapolla. « The pattern of crustal block rotations in the Italian region deduced from aeromagnetic anomalies ». Geological Society, London, Special Publications 105, n^o 1 (1996) : 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1996.105.01.14.

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Bosi, Giuliano, Marco Scorrano, Giovanna Tosato, Elena Forini et Roxana Chakrokh. « The Italian Multicentric Study on Epidemiology of Congenital Heart Disease : first step of the analysis ». Cardiology in the Young 9, n^o 3 (mai 1999) : 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951100004960.

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AbstractWe present the aims, methodology and initial results from the Italian Multicentric Study for the registration and follow-up of congenital heart disease. The general aims are to measure the prevalence of congenital heart disease in different geographic areas of Italy, and to assess the survival and outcome of affected babies. During the years 1992 and 1993, eighteen centers for Pediatric Cardiology spread all over the Country enrolled 1445 new babies with congenital cardiac malformations from a population of 341, 647 surveyed livebirths. The new cases were registered using the same methodologic criterions of the EUROCAT study in order to evaluate differences and/or similarities between the studies. The prevalence varied between 1.8‰ and 8.1‰; the average being 4.6%. The large range in prevalence is presumed to be related to different customs and hierarchies in flow and referral of patients. We provide total prevalence of individual lesions, and distribution of sentinel cardiac anomalies, in the Italian study and compare them with EUROCAT. Isolated ventricular septal defect is the most common lesion (39%); followed by atrial septal defect (7.5%); pulmonary valvar stenosis (7.3%); atrioventricular septal defects (5.4%); patency of the arterial duct (3.8%); complete transposition (3.7%); tetralogy of Fallot (3.3%); aortic coarctation (2.4%); aortic valvar stenosis (2.2%); and left heart hypoplasia (1.8%). The echographic stratification of ventricular and atrial septal defects, by location and size, was in keeping with the findings of the EUROCAT study. Because of the recent widespread availability of color-Doppler tecniques, the stratification of aortic and pulmonary valvar stenosis was an innovative approach in our study. Among the complex cardiovascular anomalies, double inlet ventricle and pulmonary atresia had a proportion of about 2% each; with double outlet right ventricle, common arterial trunk, Ebstein's malformation, tricuspid atresia, interrupted aortic arch and totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection having a proportion ranging from 0.5 to 0.8%. We discuss clinical features, such as frequency of extracardiac anomalies and familial aggregation of congenital heart disease, in comparison with the EUROCAT data.

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Guerriero, R., R. Viti et S. Bartolini. « WINTER CHANGES IN THE APPEARANCE OF FLOWER CUP ANOMALIES IN AN ITALIAN LATE BLOOMING VARIETY ». Acta Horticulturae, n^o 192 (novembre 1986) : 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1986.192.10.

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Rozhnoi, A., M. Solovieva, O. Molchanov, K. Schwingenschuh, M. Boudjada, P. F. Biagi, T. Maggipinto, L. Castellana, A. Ermini et M. Hayakawa. « Anomalies in VLF radio signals prior the Abruzzo earthquake (M=6.3) on 6 April 2009 ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 9, n^o 5 (21 octobre 2009) : 1727–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-1727-2009.

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Abstract. The VLF/LF radio signals method for studying preseimic activity is applied to the Abruzzo earthquake (M=6.3, 6 April 2009). The data collected by three receivers located in Moscow (Russia), Graz (Austria) and Bari (Italy) at about 3000 km, 1000 km and 500 km from the epicenter were used. The signals received from the Sardinia (20.27 kHz) and the Sicily (45.9 kHz) transmitters, both located in Italy, were compared with those received from the Iceland (37.5 kHz), the Great Britain (19.58 kHz) and the Germany (23.4 kHz) transmitters. The propagation paths of the two Italian transmitters cross the epicentral area (seismic paths) unlike the paths of the other three signals (control paths). Using two different analyses, that are the study of the night-time signal and the research of shifts in the evening terminator times, clear anomalies were revealed 2–8 days before the occurrence of the Abruzzo earthquake in the seismic paths, while no anomalies have been found in the control paths.

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Porporato, Marco, Giacomo Grillone, Augusto Patetta, Aulo Manino et Daniela Laurino. « Survey of the Health Status of Some Honey Bee Queens in Italy ». Journal of Apicultural Science 59, n^o 2 (1 décembre 2015) : 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jas-2015-0022.

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AbstractWhile observing: non-acceptance, frequent replacements, and reduced performance in honey bee (Apis mellifera ligustica) queens, we were induced to analyse a certain number of queens to detect the causes. For this purpose, 99 newly mated queens were bought from 20 Italian queen breeders. In addition, 109 older or at-the-end-of-their-career queens, that showed poor productivity, were collected from honey production hives throughout Italy. All the queens were dissected to check the status of their reproductive system and/or the presence of various anomalies and diseases.Anatomical and functional anomalies, pertaining to ovaries and spermatheca, also in association with tissue alterations and microorganisms like Nosema spp. and protozoa, were common in both newly mated and older queens, but they were more prevalent in the latter. Observed differences permitted us to highlight the causes of the reduced performance of the queens and of the colonies they originated from. The obtained information could prove useful when it comes to improving queen breeding techniques.

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Chieffi, M., D. Palumbo, S. Patriarca, G. Plescia, V. Montefusco, D. Pietrafesa, A. Mucci et S. Galderisi. « Validation of the Italian Version of the “abnormal Bodily Phenomena Questionnaire” in a Sample of Patients with Schizophrenia : Preliminary Data ». European Psychiatry 41, S1 (avril 2017) : S80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.253.

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IntroductionThe abnormal bodily phenomena questionnaire (ABPq) originates from the analysis of clinical files of more than 350 patients with schizophrenia. It consists in a semi-structured interview created to evaluate the subjective anomalies in feelings, sensations, perceptions and cognition in the domain of the lived body.ObjectivesThe present study is aimed at providing preliminary data for the validation of the Italian version of the ABPq.MethodsThe ABPq was translated and adapted into Italian. ABPq scores were correlated to those obtained by the schizophrenia proneness instrument, Adult version–body perception disturbances (SPI-A E, body) that evaluates the same kind of phenomena, in order to examine its convergent validity. Moreover, ABPq was correlated to psychopathological domains assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and by the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS).ResultsThe experimental sample included 40 clinically stable patients. Our findings showed a strong correlation between ABPq and SPI-A E, body. An association of ABPq total score with the positive and disorganized dimensions was also observed.ConclusionsOur preliminary data suggest that the Italian version of ABPq has a good convergent validity. The presence of abnormal bodily phenomena resulted to be associated to a greater severity of the disease and therefore it could be hypothesized that they represent an indicator of clinical severity.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Briquet, Jean-Louis. « Scholarly formulations of a political category : Clientelism and the sociohistorical interpretation of the ‘Italian case’ ». Modern Italy 14, n^o 3 (août 2009) : 339–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13532940902812756.

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This article reflects on the reasons why clientelism has reached its status as a determining category in the scholarly interpretation of the Italian political system. By returning to the earliest formulations of the concept (in the controversies of the late nineteenth century on the widening of suffrage) and then its successive recreations up to the political crisis of the 1990s (as a typical manifestation of the political ‘anomalies’ of an ‘incomplete’ democracy), it relates this centrality to the uses made of the denunciation of clientelism in political and institutional struggles and the way political science has developed in Italy as an academic discipline.

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Cheloni, Riccardo, Alexander G. Swystun, Mauro Frisani et Christopher J. Davey. « Referral in a routine Italian optometric examination : towards an evidence-based model. » Scandinavian Journal of Optometry and Visual Science 14, n^o 1 (14 juillet 2021) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5384/sjovs.v14i1.129.

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Italian optometrists refract patients and prescribe optical appliances. The routine optometric examination that is currently conducted in Italy, however, does not include a comprehensive ocular health assessment. Like many other countries, in Italy ophthalmologists are solely responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of ocular pathologies, yet, the care an optometrist provides must be done with the aim of promoting the general and ocular health of patients seen in practice. Such scope has to be pursued using a close collaboration with ophthalmologists, ultimately facilitating the earliest medical diagnosis and minimisation of visual impairment. Referral represents the basis of optometrist-ophthalmologist collaboration, yet, no guidance is available to Italian optometrists indicating when referral is warranted. The purpose of this study was to identify the circumstances deserving a referral in a routine Italian optometric examination in adults, ultimately constituting preliminary evidence-based indications of a referral model oriented to enhance the ocular and general health of patients. A literature review was conducted on Pubmed and the Cochrane Library, mainly targeting high quality secondary literature such as systematic reviews, meta-analysis and clinical guidelines. Several reasons for referral were identified. Further, while a wide range of anomalies of the visual system are likely to be discovered by the Italian optometric examination, up to 20% of patients could suffer an underlying condition undetected by the current assessment. This results in the need to refer seemingly healthy patients if they have not attended routine ophthalmological examinations within optimal time frames. In Italy, and countries with similar settings, the referral is an essential instrument that optometrists must largely use to ensure early diagnosis of ocular conditions by ophthalmologists and minimisation of avoidable visual impairment.

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Riccardi, Federica, Gianna F. Rivolta, Vera Uliana, Francesca R. Grati, Roberta La Starza, Livia Marcato, Caterina Di Perna et al. « Cryptic 13q34 and 4q35.2 Deletions in an Italian Family ». Cytogenetic and Genome Research 147, n^o 1 (2015) : 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000442068.

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Variations of DNA sequences in the human genome range from large, microscopically visible chromosome anomalies to single nucleotide changes. Submicroscopic genomic copy number variations, i.e. chromosomal imbalances which are undetectable by conventional cytogenetic analysis, play an intriguing clinical role. In this study, we describe the clinical consequences of the concurrent presence of an interstitial deletion in 13q34 and a terminal deletion in 4q35.2 in an Italian family. The index patient, a 19-year-old male, as well as his 12-year-old sister are carriers of both deletions, one of maternal and the other of paternal origin. The phenotype includes language delay, multiorgan involvement and bleeding diathesis with mild deficiency of factors X and VII. In the sister, the concomitant presence of Noonan syndrome may partly explain the clinical symptoms. The deleted region on chromosome 13 involves several genes (ATP11A, MCF2L, F7, F10, PROZ, PCID2, CUL4A, and LAMP1); some of these seem to play a role in the proband's phenotype. The terminal deletion in 4q35.2 contains other OMIM genes (FRG1, FRG2 and DBET); moreover, the 4q region is reported as a susceptibility locus for Crohn's disease, diagnosed in the proband's father. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a family with these 2 submicroscopic copy number changes. We tried to relate the clinical phenotype of the proband and his family to the molecular function of the involved genes.

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Pavani, Giorgia. « El régimen de los medios de comunicación en Italia. El sistema de radio y televisión : ¿una anomalía en el contexto comparado ? » Teoría y Realidad Constitucional, n^o 36 (1 juillet 2015) : 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/trc.36.2015.16077.

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El artículo ofrece una panorámica de los medios de comunicación en Italia con una atención particular al servicio público de radio y televisión y sus nuevos desafíos, a fin de determinar si se respetan los principios de independencia y neutralidad recogidos en la normativa estatal, europea e internacional. El análisis da cuenta también de los resultados de otras ciencias no jurídicas desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar y comparada.The paper analyzes the Italian media system with a focus on public service broadcasting and his new challenges, to verify if they observe the principles of independence and impartiality fixed in the national, european and international laws. The analysis considers also the other sciences results in a interdisciplinary and comparative perspective.

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Biagi, P. F., R. Piccolo, L. Castellana, T. Maggipinto, A. Ermini, S. Martellucci, C. Bellecci et al. « VLF-LF radio signals collected at Bari (South Italy) : a preliminary analysis on signal anomalies associated with earthquakes ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 4, n^o 5/6 (3 novembre 2004) : 685–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-4-685-2004.

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Abstract. At the beginning of 2002 an OmniPAL receiver was put into operation at the Department of Physics of Bari University (Southern Italy). The electric field strength of five VLF-LF signals transmitted from United Kingdom (f=16kHz), France (f=20.9kHz), Germany (f=23.4kHz), Iceland (f=37.5kHz) and Italy (f=54kHz) has been monitoring with a 5s sampling frequency. In a first step we reduced the amount of the data taking one datum each 10min (mean of the ±5min raw data) and then we smoothed these data by a running adjacent averaging over 7 days. Analysing the trends we obtained, we revealed at first in the signal from the Italian transmitter two clear intensity decreases in April 2002 and in August-September 2002. At these times we observed earthquakes with M=4.3 and M=5.6 respectively near the transmitter-receiver path and a precursory effect in the previous decreases appeared. Then, we noted that all of the five radio trends in the time interval March 2002-February 2003 are more disturbed than in other periods; in particular an evident simultaneous decrease appears in January-February 2003. We propose that these disturbances are related to general excitation of the margin between the African and European plates. In a second step we examined the terminator time (evening) changes for the Italian transmitter in July-September 2002, and we found significant deviations from the mean value at the end of August, which is supportive for some precursory ionospheric signature of earthquakes.

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Pepe, Ernesto, Paola Petricig, Paola Peretta et Giuseppe Cinalli. « Bilateral Macrostomia Associated with Aqueductal Stenosis and Glial Heterotopias ». Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 44, n^o 5 (septembre 2007) : 558–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/06-096.1.

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We report on an Italian boy, born to normal and nonconsanguineous parents with a prenatal diagnosis of ventriculomegaly and subependymal glial heterotopias. At birth bilateral macrostomia was diagnosed without other evident facial anomalies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed triventricular hydrocephalus and aqueductal stenosis and confirmed the nodules of glial heterotopia. The bilateral macrostomia was surgically corrected with the vermilion square flap method and W-plasty technique and follow up MRI at 6 months showed mild increase of ventricular dilatation without signs of active hydrocephalus. The association between macrostomia and hydrocephalus has been reported only in rare cases of complex malformative syndromes but never with isolated macrostomia.

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Pasini, Antonello, et Rocco Langone. « Influence of Circulation Patterns on Temperature Behavior at the Regional Scale : A Case Study Investigated via Neural Network Modeling ». Journal of Climate 25, n^o 6 (14 mars 2012) : 2123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00551.1.

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Abstract An analysis of the influence of circulation patterns on temperature changes in an extended Italian Alpine area has been performed by nonlinear methods and neural network modeling. This leads to the clarification of the roles of these patterns in the various seasons and permits the development of models that are able to reconstruct in a satisfactory manner the behavior of temperature anomalies in the second half of the twentieth century in this limited region. This nonlinear analysis shows that the role of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is probably overestimated, and that European blocking and the Scandinavian pattern should be considered as prime candidates as temperature drivers in this area.

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Taruscio, Domenica, Paolo Salerno, Orietta Granata, Yllka Kodra, Paola Torreri, Claudio Carta, Patrizia Parodi et al. « The Italian project for surveillance prevention and health care planning of congenital anomalies including Zika virus ». European Journal of Medical Genetics 61, n^o 9 (septembre 2018) : 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.06.074.

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Barbato, Ersilia, Alice Traversa, Rosanna Guarnieri, Agnese Giovannetti, Maria Luce Genovesi, Maria Rosa Magliozzi, Stefano Paolacci et al. « Whole exome sequencing in an Italian family with isolated maxillary canine agenesis and canine eruption anomalies ». Archives of Oral Biology 91 (juillet 2018) : 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.04.011.

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Cantarutti, Nicoletta, Virginia Battista, Rachele Adorisio, Marianna Cicenia, Claudia Campanello, Elisa Listo, Andrea Campana, Gianluca Trocchio et Fabrizio Drago. « Cardiac Manifestations in Children with SARS-COV-2 Infection : 1-Year Pediatric Multicenter Experience ». Children 8, n^o 8 (23 août 2021) : 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8080717.

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Since the spread of COVID-19, pediatric patients were initially considered less affected by SARS-COV-2, but current literature reported subsets of children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). This study aims to describe the cardiac manifestation of SARS-COV-2 infection in a large cohort of children admitted to two Italian pediatric referral centers. Between March 2020 and March 2021, we performed a cardiac evaluation in 294 children (mean age 9 ± 5.9 years, male 60%) with active or previous SARS-COV-2 infection. Twenty-six showed ECG abnormalities: 63 repolarization anomalies, 13 Long QTc, five premature ventricular beats, two non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, and one atrial fibrillation. In total, 146 patients underwent cardiac biomarkers: NT-proBNP was elevated in 57, troponin in 34. An echocardiogram was performed in 98, showing 54 cardiac anomalies: 27 left-ventricular dysfunction, 42 pericarditis, 16 coronaritis. MIS-C was documented in 46 patients (mean age 9 ± 4.8 years, male 61%) with cardiac manifestations in 97.8%: 27 ventricular dysfunctions, 32 pericarditis, 15 coronaritis, 3 arrhythmias. All patients recovered, and during follow-up, no cardiac anomalies were recorded. Our experience showed that cardiac involvement is not rare in children with SARS-COV-2, and occurred in almost all patients with MIS-C. However, patients’ recovery is satisfactory and no additional events were reported during FU.

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Andreu Candela, Irene, et Cayetano Mas Galvañ. « La correspondencia de Carlos III como fuente para el estudio climático (1759-1782) ». Revista de Historia Moderna, n^o 39 (1 octobre 2021) : 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/rhm2021.39.04.

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El presente artículo analiza la información climática contenida en la correspondencia del monarca Carlos III con tres de sus principales corresponsales italianos: su hermano Felipe de Parma, el ministro napolitano Bernardo Tanucci y el príncipe de San Nicandro. La homogeneidad y la continuidad de los comentarios del rey han permitido crear una serie de casi un cuarto de siglo que contribuye a conocer el comportamiento del clima durante las décadas de 1760 y 1770, coincidentes con el inicio de la Anomalía Maldá. Con el fin de cuantificar y tratar serialmente una información que es de naturaleza subjetiva, se han aplicado y comparado los resultados que ofrecen dos diferentes métodos (sistemas de índices y análisis de contenido).

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Gigante, Guido, et Alessandro Giuliani. « Reconstruction of the Temporal Correlation Network of All-Cause Mortality Fluctuation across Italian Regions : The Importance of Temperature and Among-Nodes Flux ». Entropy 25, n^o 1 (23 décembre 2022) : 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25010021.

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All-cause mortality is a very coarse grain, albeit very reliable, index to check the health implications of lifestyle determinants, systemic threats and socio-demographic factors. In this work, we adopt a statistical-mechanics approach to the analysis of temporal fluctuations of all-cause mortality, focusing on the correlation structure of this index across different regions of Italy. The correlation network among the 20 Italian regions was reconstructed using temperature oscillations and traveller flux (as a function of distance and region’s attractiveness, based on GDP), allowing for a separation between infective and non-infective death causes. The proposed approach allows monitoring of emerging systemic threats in terms of anomalies of correlation network structure.

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Fedi, Maurizio, et Antonio Rapolla. « Shape analysis of aeromagnetic anomalies in the southern Italian region for the evaluation of crustal block rotations ». Journal of Geodynamics 12, n^o 2-4 (octobre 1990) : 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-3707(90)90004-e.

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Defabianis, Patrizia, Rossella Ninivaggi et Federica Romano. « Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Children and Adolescents with Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome in Northern Italy ». Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, n^o 19 (26 septembre 2022) : 5685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195685.

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Due to associated maxillofacial growth anomalies and the impairment of oral functions, macroglossia may negatively impact the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of people with Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the OHRQoL of Italian children and adolescents with BWS compared to healthy peers and to identify which symptoms related to macroglossia had the highest impact. A total of 48 patients with BWS and 48 age- and gender-matched controls completed the Italian version of OHIP-14 and a questionnaire on functional, oral and aesthetic outcomes. Parents of patients with BWS who had undergone tongue reduction surgery (TRS) answered additional questions related to surgery. The BWS group scored higher than controls on the total OHIP-14 and on the dimensions of oral function (p: 0.036) and psychosocial impact (p: 0.002), indicating a reduced OHRQoL. Neither gender nor age had an impact on OHRQoL. Scores were worse in children and adolescents treated with TRS, as most of them still had open bite malocclusion and speech difficulties. The OHRQoL of children and adolescents affected by BWS is worse than that of their healthy peers in spite of the surgical treatment of macroglossia.

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Ciucci, Paolo, Vittorio Lucchini, Luigi Boitani et Ettore Randi. « Dewclaws in wolves as evidence of admixed ancestry with dogs ». Canadian Journal of Zoology 81, n^o 12 (1 décembre 2003) : 2077–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z03-183.

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Vestigial first toes (dewclaws) on the hind legs are common in large dog (Canis lupus familiaris) breeds but are absent in wild canids, including wolves (Canis lupus). Based on observational criteria, dewclaws in wolves have been generally regarded as a clue of hybridization with dogs, although this was not substantiated by molecular evidence. By means of population assignment and genetic admixture analysis, we investigated individual genotypes of three dewclawed wolves from Tuscany (central Italy, 1993–2001). Based on 18 microsatellite markers, dewclawed wolves were not uniquely assigned to the Italian wolf population but appeared to be second or later generation backcrosses of wolf–dog hybrids. Alleles uniquely shared with dogs, and mitochondrial DNA and Y haplotypes identical to those of Italian wolves, further supported their admixed ancestry. Although patterns of dewclaw inheritance in wolf–dog hybrids and backcrosses have not been ascertained, we conclude that dewclaws in wolves, when present, are a clue of admixed ancestry, probably originating in areas where large dog breeds are involved in cross-matings. Other "atypical" morphological traits (e.g., white nails, atypical color patterns or body proportions, dental anomalies) as well might be reliable clues of admixed ancestry, and they deserve careful monitoring and molecular investigation.

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Battilani, Mara, Elisa Kaehler, Alessandro Tirolo, Andrea Balboni et Francesco Dondi. « Clinicopathological Findings in Cats Tested for Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV) ». Acta Veterinaria 72, n^o 4 (1 décembre 2022) : 419–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acve-2022-0034.

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Abstract This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological changes in a population of cats tested for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV), in an Italian Veterinary University Hospital, in the period between January 2002 and May 2016. During the period of 14 years, 1834 cats were tested, and of these 241/1834 (13.1%) were positive for FIV antibodies and 92/1834 (5%) cats were positive for FeLV antigen. These data confirm the presence of a high prevalence of these viruses on Italian territory. To the authors’ knowledge, this study describes findings that have never been evaluated before, such as iron status in retrovirus-infected cats and urinalysis in FeLV-positive cats. In this study, FIV-positive cats were more likely to have higher serum protein concentration and lower albumin-globulin ratio than other groups of cats. Lower urine specific gravity and higher urine protein to creatinine ratio were also detected for FIV-positive cats when compared with negative and healthy cats. FeLV-positive cats were more likely to have cytopenia, decreased haemoglobin, haematocrit and RBC compared with other groups of cats. The data obtained underline the importance of considering retroviral infections in the presence of a broad spectrum of risk factors and laboratory anomalies.

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Pelfini, Manuela, Maurizio Santilli, Giovanni Leonelli et Mauro Bozzoni. « Investigating surface movements of debris-covered Miage glacier, Western Italian Alps, using dendroglaciological analysis ». Journal of Glaciology 53, n^o 180 (2007) : 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756507781833839.

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AbstractDendroglaciological analysis of supraglacial trees represents an example of applied dendro- geomorphological methods in reconstructing glacier variations. Supraglacial trees react to glacier ice and debris movement, assuming typical shapes with modified radial growth. In this paper, based on treering analysis of Larix decidua Mill., we investigate the relationship between the distribution and growth of trees located on the most famous and representative debris-covered glacier in the Italian Alps (Miage glacier, Valle d’Aosta) and the superficial movements of ice and debris in the lower part of the tongue. Different growth anomalies (e.g. pointer years, compression wood, abrupt growth changes) were identified and dated. Three reference tree-ring chronologies based on undisturbed larches growing outside the glacier were constructed for comparison with tree-ring data from supraglacial trees. The oldest sampled trees colonized the glacier surface just before 1960. The simultaneous presence of different disturbance indicators occurred mainly between 1984 and 1990 on the southern lobe and during the period 1989–93 on the northern glacier lobe. These results fit with glaciological data documenting volume and surface-level variations in the same period.

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Esposito, E., R. Pece, S. Porfido et G. Tranfaglia. « Ground effects and hydrological changes in the Southern Apennines (Italy) in response to the 23 July 1930 earthquake (MS=6.7) ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 9, n^o 2 (3 avril 2009) : 539–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-539-2009.

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Abstract. The 23 July 1930 earthquake (MS=6.7) in the Southern Apennines (Italy) was a catastrophic event that produced many effects such as surface faulting, fractures, landslides, settlements, hydrological changes, variations in chemical/physical activity related to the volcanic and/or thermal zones and also acoustic and optical phenomena. It is the first great earthquake of the twentieth century that was studied, thanks to the hydrological monitoring network of the Italian Hydrographic Survey (IHS) set up from 1925 to 1929. For this earthquake we analysed the initial IHS hydrometric and pluviometric data, looking for significant anomalies in springs, water wells and mountain streams. Hydrological data relative to rivers, springs and water wells indicate that some changes can be correlated with the earthquake: a post-seismic excess discharge in some streams, pre- and co-seismic decreases in stream flows and water levels in wells, pre- and post-seismic increases in discharges. The pre- and co-seismic stresses and the tectonic deformations were studied in order to find a possible model of interaction between stress state and hydrological variations. The anomalies found in this work can be considered "rebound anomalies", which are the most common precursor reported by many authors and related to increases in porosity and permeability caused by the fracturing that precedes an earthquake. An estimation of the total excess discharge (0.035 km3) caused by the MS=6.7 Irpinia earthquake is consistent with the excess discharge of about 0.01 km3 determined for the Mw=6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake.

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Casani, A., N. Tozzi et F. Cocca. « The impact of neonatologist performed echocardiography in an Italian neonatal unit ». Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine 15, n^o 2 (12 avril 2022) : 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/npm-210811.

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BACKGROUND: The main goal of neonatologist performed echocardiography is to timely assess hemodynamic changes in order to properly manage unsteady neonates. Detailed structural heart assessment remains the domain of pediatric cardiologists. Nonetheless, many neonatologists take on an additional role in diagnosis of congenital heart defects, mostly compelled by the lack of in-house pediatric cardiology services. The experience of neonatologist performed echocardiography in an Italian neonatal unit was reported and the risk benefit profile of this practice was discussed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the echocardiograms undertaken by the neonatologist on infants admitted to the neonatal unit and postnatal ward of the Hospital San Pio in Benevento, over a 2-year period. Details of scans and concordance between neonatologist and cardiologist were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 160 echocardiographic studies were done by the neonatologist on 136 infants. The ECG was requested in a minority of infants. The most common reason for performing the echocardiogram was admission to the neonatal care unit. Around half of the echocardiograms were normal. The remaining scans resulted in functional and structural abnormalities, transitional changes, and doubtful findings. Cardiac anomalies were significantly more likely found in cases of echocardiograms performed for fetal indications. Only 28 patients were eventually referred to the cardiology services. The inter-rater agreement was satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS: The hemodynamic assessment of sick infants, as well as triaging and referral of neonates with structural heart diseases are valuable advantages of the echocardiography run by neonatologists. Collaboration with pediatric cardiologists and robust training and accreditation programs are essential to ensure safety and quality service.

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