Thèses sur le sujet « Ancrage visuel du langage »
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Bordes, Patrick. « Deep Multimodal Learning for Joint Textual and Visual Reasoning ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS370.
Texte intégralIn the last decade, the evolution of Deep Learning techniques to learn meaningful data representations for text and images, combined with an important increase of multimodal data, mainly from social network and e-commerce websites, has triggered a growing interest in the research community about the joint understanding of language and vision. The challenge at the heart of Multimodal Machine Learning is the intrinsic difference in semantics between language and vision: while vision faithfully represents reality and conveys low-level semantics, language is a human construction carrying high-level reasoning. One the one hand, language can enhance the performance of vision models. The underlying hypothesis is that textual representations contain visual information. We apply this principle to two Zero-Shot Learning tasks. In the first contribution on ZSL, we extend a common assumption in ZSL, which states that textual representations encode information about the visual appearance of objects, by showing that they also encode information about their visual surroundings and their real-world frequence. In a second contribution, we consider the transductive setting in ZSL. We propose a solution to the limitations of current transductive approaches, that assume that the visual space is well-clustered, which does not hold true when the number of unknown classes is high. On the other hand, vision can expand the capacities of language models. We demonstrate it by tackling Visual Question Generation (VQG), which extends the standard Question Generation task by using an image as complementary input, by using visual representations derived from Computer Vision
Dennebouy, Yves. « Un langage visuel pour la manipulation de données / ». Lausanne, 1993. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1182.
Texte intégralAbdelouahed, Houriya. « Le langage et le visuel : contribution à l'étude de la fonction du visuel dans le langage au travers du texte d'Ibn 'Arabi ». Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070017.
Texte intégralDaoud, Adel. « La Traduction : un ancrage entre universel et local ». Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN1579.
Texte intégralAgón, Carlos. « Openmusic : un langage visuel pour la composition musicale assistee par ordinateur ». Paris 6, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA066374.
Texte intégralDor, Garance. « Partitions plastiques et scéniques : d’un langage visuel à une iconographie performative ». Thesis, Rennes 2, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN20015.
Texte intégralThe issue of this thesis combining research and creation is to study the score through the written or typographic forms it uses. We also analyse the ways and means of the diffusion of score, in our own practice as publisher-artist with the review Véhicule and through interviews with various protagonists of the theatre publishing scene. The framework that was chosen for this study of the score is its status as project destined to a third person, an active document which, even when it comes from archives, involves a possible activation. Thus, we formulate the hypothesis that the score is at once work and tool, trace and project. The score is then delegated to a reader/spectator who is at the same time a writerly decoder, who co-creates the work and is responsible for its activation or its performance. After having laid out a few general points of reference on the concept of the score, we question its existence as a visual art work. We first observe grammatextual works, in order to understand in what way the page, as graphic form, can be active and transfer visual or textual instructions to the reader-performer. Then we will analyze scores that produce images, via a concrete or mental operation
Carpentier, Lecocq Claire. « La gestion des ambiguites dans un langage visuel : application au langage pour bases de donnees geographiques cigales ». Evry-Val d'Essonne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EVRY0015.
Texte intégralBélières, Bruno. « Vista : un langage métaphorique et visuel pour l'interrogation de bases de données ». Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR4019.
Texte intégralHilles, Juhayna. « Le langage visuel de Gyorgy Kepes, une éducation de l’œil (1937-1973) ». Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL114.
Texte intégralThis study examines the theory of visual language of Gyorgy Kepes. Painter, photographer, designer, pedagogue, and an art theorist, his complex work transcends the frontiers between plastic mediums. Born in 1906 in Selyp in Hungary, he studied painting at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Budapest, under the tutelage of the impressionist painter István Csók. Politically engaged since his early youth, he joins the Munka circle of Lajos Kassák, and leaves Hungary in 1930 in order to join László Moholy-Nagy in Berlin, and then in London, before moving permanently to the United States of America. In 1946 he is appointed Professor of visual design at the School of Architecture and Urban Planning of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, his establishing of the Center for Advanced Visual Studies, mark the beginning of new civic and environmental orientations in his work. Looking to reconcile art and technology, he defends the sociopolitical role of art. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the development of the theory of visual language, examining its applications and adaptations along Kepes’ career (1937-1973). The confrontations between art and the military, scientific, and technological world will be examined through three principal axes, offering a comprehensive reading of the theory of visual language
Nottale, Matthieu. « Ancrage d'un lexique partagé entre robots autonomes dans un environnement non-contraint ». Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004260.
Texte intégralBoutella, Safia. « Regard algérien : histoire d'une culture visuelle : approche médiologique et sémiologique de la photo de presse ». Bordeaux 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR30039.
Texte intégralGorélik, Polina. « L' expression de l'odeur dans l'interaction du verbal et du visuel : sur le matériel de la publicité des parfums ». Limoges, 2008. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/ad79d728-99a5-48cc-b18b-de41323712d4/blobholder:0/2008LIMO2004.pdf.
Texte intégralMa, Xiaoyue. « Système participatif de tags iconiques basé sur un langage visuel instinctif multi-points de vue ». Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0009/document.
Texte intégralTags systems for Knowledge Organization System centralize and provide the tags that can be employed in classifying, sharing and seeking knowledge on the web for personal or organizational use. However, an increased variety of vocabularies and languages cause connections between tags and documents marked by textual tags to become less and less distinctive, making the use and reuse of tags systems even harder. Although previous attempts have been made onto visual tags system by using icons, it caused the disorientation when users facing with plant of isolated symbols. Our research dedicates to searching a new approach to improve the representation of tags and their structure in a tags system, where well-structured icons enhance the tagging effectiveness by considering tagging quality and tagging speed. The LVD (Visual Distinctive Language)-based iconic tags system is proposed and presented in this thesis to bring amelioration mainly from semiotic interpretation of tag meaning and graphical code of tag structure. The arrangement of icons is as well another interesting topic that was deal with in our research to offers a more complete definition of iconic tags system. Apart from modeling and evaluating the LVD-based iconic tags system we have considered the way to build up such icon system in today’s cooperative knowledge sharing context and made it possible to manage and share iconic tags on a collaborative plate-form
Baudry, Philippe. « Un langage visuel d'interrogation de bases de données objets dans un environnement d'administration de réseaux ». Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998VERS0006.
Texte intégralFace a la relative complexite et la diversite des langages de requetes offerts par les systemes de gestion de bases de donnees objets, des interfaces visuelles commencent a apparaitre afin de permettre a un utilisateur d'acceder graphiquement aux donnees de la base. Cependant les familles d'interfaces existantes presentent un certain nombre d'inconvenients, lies pour le principal aux modes de construction des requetes proposees, ainsi qu'aux possibilites d'interrogations offertes souvent restreintes. L'interface visuelle presentee dans cette these se denomme cmis query builder. Elle est integree dans la plateforme d'administration de systeme et reseaux ism developpee par la societe bull. Cette interface constitue un systeme complet d'interrogation de bases de donnees objets dans un environnement cmis. Le mode de construction d'une requete repose sur une approche de style graphe, en faisant ici une nette distinction entre la definition de la requete et son execution. L'utilisateur construit sa requete en dessinant l'arbre hierarchique des classes a interroger, sur lesquels il peut definir des operateurs (26 au total). La definition de variables permet, en plus du mode de calcul apporte, d'etablir des liens entre classes et apporte une interpretation semantique supplementaire de la base interrogee. Les operateurs sont pour la plupart inspires de l'algebre relationnelle, mais appliques a un environnement objet et hierarchique. Leur description formelle apporte au langage visuel un pouvoir d'expression comparable a sql. Une requete ainsi construite constitue une methode pour une classe executable sur n'importe quel objet de la classe. Une requete peut etre sauvegardee sous forme d'objets, permettant sa re-edition ou son execution en mode graphique au programme. La transparence vis-a-vis du langage sous-jacent permet des extensions possibles de l'interface comme l'interrogation de bases de donnees objets non cmis, ou relationnelles
Lefebvre, Christian. « HPF-Builder : un environnement visuel de placement et distribution dédié à HPF ». Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-311.pdf.
Texte intégralLe, Maître Barbara. « L'ensemble visuel et l'idée de manque : un essai sur la relation entre film et photo ». Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030108.
Texte intégralPrimel, Armelle. « Le visuel, la kinésique et la pensée : approche éthologique et clinique : perspectives éducatives pour les non-voyants ». Lyon 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO20051.
Texte intégralFollowing a clinic and ethologic approach we reflected upon the role of the visual in the kinesic and the organisation of the thought which is linked to it. Starting from the notion that a study of what happens in those two domains of the blind can enrich a knowledge in the functions of the visual, we have successively led : 1) a book research of the psychic and kinesic communication and organisation of both the blind and the sighted; 2) an empirical contribution on the different modes of expression, communication and organisation of the thought in the absence of vision - this was done from the practical studies on blind people; 3) a reflection on the thinks between the visual, communication and psychic functioning; 4) an application in action research form aiming at enriching the expressive gesturing of blind children
Risler, Annie. « La langue des signes française, langue iconique : ancrage perceptivo-pratique des catégories du langage et localisme cognitif à travers l'étude de la motivation des signes et de la spatialisation des relations sémantiques ». Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20044.
Texte intégralLalevee-Huart, Claire. « Développement du contrôle moteur de la parole : une étude longitudinale d'un enfant francophone agé de 7 à 16 mois, à partir d'un corpus audio-visuel ». Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENL016.
Texte intégralThe first year of life can be considered as a crucial period for speech development in children. Indeed 6 months of age is the time when babbling, a key step for this development, appears under a form which is quite similar for all children in the world, whatever the language in which they are reared. It is a period when the child has no control over the nature of his productions and no ability to produce phonological units of his mother tongue. Around 12 months the child begins to produce his firm words i. E. His first meaningful utterances. The child has followed a developmental path in which he has acquired new motor, articulatory and phonological skills. We studied the development of these capabilities with an approach at the crossroad of bottom-up (MacNeilage, 1998) and top·down (Filckert et al 2004, Wauquier, 2005, 2006) current scientific approaches. Indeed, it seems that the production of speech can not be explained outside the articulatory and motor control and acquisition. But so far it seems essential to take into account the structural features and constraints of the input language (Vihman, 1996). For us, the child must adapt to his mother tongue, as permitted by his articulatory motor skills, that w' evolve with growth and cognitive maturation, while constantly comparing his productions with his native language. To evaluate these theoretical propositions, we developed a database composed by the vocal productions of a child aged from 7 to 16 months from an audio- visual corpus. Our question concerns the nature of early words. Yet if the control of mandibular oscillations can be described as the basic underlying structure in speech, the development of an adult—like language-specific syllable will imply three types of controls in addition to that of the mandible : (i) the control of the velum, which yields a fully oral vocal tract to produce salient consonant-vowel sequences, (ii) the control of the oro-laryngeal coordination to obtain the voiced vs unvoiced distinction and (iii) the rhythmic mandibular control which enables the child to adapt to the prosodic patterns of his mother tongue
Seddaoui, Fatima. « Peinture et écriture dans l'œuvre de Marguerite Duras : un peintre du langage ? » Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20042.
Texte intégralWe would like to develop the idea according to which Marguerite Duras is a painter of the language. By focusing us on the relationship between the writing and painting, we will endeavour to locate and analyze the evoked or invented tables and the images worked in works. In order to clarify the complex intertextuality which enters within the various networks of representation and on the basis of any representation. Without claiming with exhaustiveness, one can try to give an outline of this presence of painting to the background of the reflexion durassienne. How painting made it text ? And which is the stake ? It will also be a question of studying the role and the significance of painting in the novel in order to compare the statute of painting in work with that of painting. Part of this study will treat painting like sociological, intellectual and historical phenomenon (the esthetics question). Moreover, research will be centered on the bonds between the cinema and painting the study will be developed on the following points : emissions, and criticisms on the author in order to trace an overall framework of the elements in connection with the subject. We will approach in particular the presentation of the theoretical and methodological debate on the relationship between the cinema and painting. Work will weave close links between visual art and the language. A part will analyze the relationship between the cinema and painting on a significant film corpus, starting from its beginning to its last film going back to 1979. Our study will be a research and an analysis of the occurrences of painting and their significances in the filmic speech durassien. The speech on painting being confronted with several problems
Stoll, Chloé. « Rôle de la surdité précoce et de la langue des signes dans la plasticité fonctionnelle du champ visuel ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAS040/document.
Texte intégralOur visual system presents some flexibility and experience has been shown to tune it. Early profound deafness and sign language experience can therefore be considered as two potential sources of visual plasticity. The aim of this thesis is to untangle the respective impact of deafness (or auditory deprivation) and sign language experience on peripheral visual field perception and face processing and facial expressions recognition; two crucial mechanisms for sign language communication. Signs are indeed perceived in the lower part of the peripheral visual field and faces provided syntactic, grammatical or affective information to precise or nuances linguistic gestures. A first series of studies explores deafness and sign language experience effects on peripheral visual perception and more particularly in the lower visual space from basic to more complex visual processing. Results suggest that sign language experience in hearing population can affect some aspect of lower visual field processing and that early deafness mainly increase speed of low-level visual processing. The second series of studies explores deafness and sign language experience impact on face processing and more particularly on face recognition and expression recognition. Results suggest a difference in gaze strategy to explore and recognize face in deaf signers supported by a shift in decision-making strategy in both deaf and hearing signers for face recognition. Finally, deafness combined to sign language experience doesn’t seem to affect thresholds for facial expression recognition and categorization. Altogether the results from these six studies provide new insight in our current knowledge about visual perception in early deaf signers and highlight the importance to systematically control sign language experience since its experience can have an impact in both hearing and deaf signers. Key words: Deafness, sign language, visual plasticity, visual periphery, face recognition, facial expression recognition
Fleurion, Delphine. « Etude des mécanismes d'encodage, de mémorisation et d'apprentissage lexical chez les enfants présentant des troubles développementaux du langage oral via le paradigme du monde visuel ». Thesis, Lille 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL30026/document.
Texte intégralIn children suffering from specific language impairment (SLI), verbal short term memory disorders and lexical learning inability are frequently described. These skills are assessed through repetition tasks and more generally, with verbal output modality which variety of components can be impaired in SLI. In this context, the general aim of this research work was the examination of verbal memorization processes through visual world paradigm. This eye-tracking tasks consist in analyzing eye movements of participants on pictures, consecutively to verbal stimulations. Recognition and short term retention of familiar spoken words were investigated through four studies, in which participants aged 5 and 6, with and without SLI, shown similar patterns of result. Only age differences were revealed, suggesting developmental changing of lexical processing. In a second phase, the fast mapping word learning paradigm requiring few occurences of new words, was proposed to three groups of children. Their lexical learning abilities were again assessed within the visual world paradigm and a spoken word recognition task. SLI groups with poor performances in verbal repetition tasks, have nevertheless associated the new lexical label with referent picture, as their peers with typical development. These studies suggest that verbal information retention in short term memory and encoding of new information are efficient in SLI children, when the tasks do not require any verbal output
Ben, Youssef Atef. « Contrôle de têtes parlantes par inversion acoustico-articulatoire pour l'apprentissage et la réhabilitation du langage ». Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00699008.
Texte intégralHuth, Jacob. « Modelling Aging in the Visual System & ; The Convis Python Toolbox ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS140.
Texte intégralIn this thesis we investigate aging processes in the visual system from a computational modelling perspective. We give a review about neural aging phenomena, basic aging changes and possible mechanisms that can connect causes and effects. The hypotheses we formulate from this review are: the input noise hypothesis, the plasticity hypothesis, the white matter hypothesis and the inhibition hypothesis. Since the input noise hypothesis has the possibility to explain a number of aging phenomena from a very simple premise, we focus mainly on this theory. Since the size and organization of receptive fields is important for perception and is changing in high age, we developed a theory about the interaction of noise and receptive field structure. We then propose spike-time dependent plasticity (STDP) as a possible mechanism that could change receptive field size in response to input noise. In two separate chapters we investigate the approaches to model neural data and psychophysical data respectively. In this process we examine a contrast gain control mechanism and a simplified cortical model respectively. Finally, we present convis, a Python toolbox for creating convolutional vision models,which was developed during the studies for this thesis. convis can implement the most important models used currently to model responses of retinal ganglion cells and cells in the lower visual cortices (V1 and V2)
Denis, Alexandre. « Robustesse dans les systèmes de dialogue finalisé : modélisation et évaluation du processus d'ancrage pour la gestion de l'incompréhension ». Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00337286.
Texte intégralEngilberge, Martin. « Deep Inside Visual-Semantic Embeddings ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS150.
Texte intégralNowadays Artificial Intelligence (AI) is omnipresent in our society. The recentdevelopment of learning methods based on deep neural networks alsocalled "Deep Learning" has led to a significant improvement in visual representation models.and textual.In this thesis, we aim to further advance image representation and understanding.Revolving around Visual Semantic Embedding (VSE) approaches, we explore different directions: We present relevant background covering images and textual representation and existing multimodal approaches. We propose novel architectures further improving retrieval capability of VSE and we extend VSE models to novel applications and leverage embedding models to visually ground semantic concept. Finally, we delve into the learning process andin particular the loss function by learning differentiable approximation of ranking based metric
Barbier, Guillaume. « Contribution de l'ingénierie dirigée par les modèles à la conception de modèles grande culture ». Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00914318.
Texte intégralBeghdadi, Ayman. « Interactions multi sensorielles entre un système robotique multidimensionnel et multi capteur ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG076.
Texte intégralIn mixed-reality simulators, immersion quality can only be assessed by means of post-simulation user questionnaires.To overcome this limitation, we propose a system that reproduces a human's ability to perceive its self-motion so that immersion quality can be assessed qualitatively.In our system, the human is replaced by a NAO humanoid robot and a visuo-inertial motion perception model that simulates human visuo-spatial cognitive function.This system raises issues related to the processing of visual and inertial information flows by the visual cortex and the vestibular system, respectively.Therefore, a visual SLAM method that is robust to scene dynamics is proposed to replace the tasks performed by the visual cortex.This method exploits the spatial, semantic and interaction information present in the observed scene to achieve a human-like level of robustness.A database of globally and locally degraded photorealistic images has also been created to make our SLAM method less sensitive to distortions related to the acquisition conditions.The visual and inertial estimates are then integrated into a framework that links our NAO robot to the perceptual model used to determine the motion perceived by the human and thus provide an opinion on the quality of the immersion.This framework then makes it possible to calibrate scenarios for the simulator that guarantee both the restoration of sensation and the physical integrity of the user.Finally, with the aim of optimising immersion, a reinforcement learning method is proposed to optimise the restitution of inertial sensations through the Motion Cueing Algorithm. This new method enables the simulator's robotic platform to better reproduce inertial sensations
Spruyt, Margaux. « Du galop libre à la posture honorifique : fonction et représentation des équidés au Proche-Orient au 1er millénaire av. J.-C ». Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL130.
Texte intégralNeo-Assyrian and Achaemenid empires that conquered the major part of the Near East in the 1st millennium B.C., had a constant need for equids. These animals are indeed not only used in military and hunting actions but they also appear during parades. Prestigious objects, they represent an important part of the tributes delivered to the conquering kings. Victorious, the rulers adorned the walls of their palaces with reliefs recounting their deeds. Equids, both domestic and wild, appear to be central in these images. This doctoral thesis proposes an iconographic study centred on the equids figure in order to carry out an analytical displacement that allows imperial images to be viewed from another angle. Therefore, after having recorded and formally described the equids, we proceeded to several precise analyses of the details of their figuration. The results attest in particular to the realistic and naturalistic aspect of their representations, which makes it possible to enhance the support of the observers. These images take part in the political and ideological discourse conveyed by the reliefs because they develop a specific visual language that shows a disciplined, invincible and victorious army, just like the monarch who leads it. Finally, the equids appear in the parades scenes, their confident and dignified steps add once more to the glory of the one they are heading for: the king himself
Mangin, Olivier. « Emergence de concepts multimodaux : de la perception de mouvements primitifs à l'ancrage de mots acoustiques ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0002/document.
Texte intégralThis thesis focuses on learning recurring patterns in multimodal perception. For that purpose it develops cognitive systems that model the mechanisms providing such capabilities to infants; a methodology that fits into thefield of developmental robotics.More precisely, this thesis revolves around two main topics that are, on the one hand the ability of infants or robots to imitate and understand human behaviors, and on the other the acquisition of language. At the crossing of these topics, we study the question of the how a developmental cognitive agent can discover a dictionary of primitive patterns from its multimodal perceptual flow. We specify this problem and formulate its links with Quine's indetermination of translation and blind source separation, as studied in acoustics.We sequentially study four sub-problems and provide an experimental formulation of each of them. We then describe and test computational models of agents solving these problems. They are particularly based on bag-of-words techniques, matrix factorization algorithms, and inverse reinforcement learning approaches. We first go in depth into the three separate problems of learning primitive sounds, such as phonemes or words, learning primitive dance motions, and learning primitive objective that compose complex tasks. Finally we study the problem of learning multimodal primitive patterns, which corresponds to solve simultaneously several of the aforementioned problems. We also details how the last problems models acoustic words grounding
Baur, Ruedi. « Entre identité et identification : les valeurs civiques des systèmes de représentation publics ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAC009/document.
Texte intégralResearch documenting the evolution of visual representations of institutions, events and public bodies between 1970 and 2010, from designers’intitial fascination with the concept of « corporate design » and « corporate identity » systems, the progressive reinforcement of « marketing », then the switch to « branding » and the artificial values attached to brands is chronologically analysed through a series of personal experiments related to an intentionally more civic design minded approach that permits the creation of real alternative methods. Analysing the relationship between identification and identity sees a proposed shift in focus concerning brand visibility and enhancement towards approaches that, with the help of shared visual languages, places at the centre – the intelligibility of complex structures – the representation of plurality, trends and relationships, - the integration of context – the coordination of multiple expressions
Delage, Karine. « Opérationnalisation de la notion de transcendance pour le langage visuel : des éléments conceptuels à l'analyse des images ». Mémoire, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4620/1/M12419.pdf.
Texte intégralLabelle, Maude. « Une esthétique hyperréaliste en littérature ? : narrativité picturale et langage visuel dans l'œuvre romanesque de Suzanne Jacob (1991-2005) ». Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3710.
Texte intégralThis Master's thesis studies the concept of hyperrealism in the context of contemporary literature. It focuses more specifically on the ways it is expressed in three novels written by Suzanne Jacob : L'Obéissance (1991), Rouge mère et fils (2001) and Fugueuses (2005). An overview of the history and theoretical aspects of pictural art is essential to understand hyperrealism for the latter is intertwined with this art form. When taking a closer look at the hyperrealistic novel, one will notice the abundance of media references (i.e. pictural art, photography, cinema, music, television, sculpture, architecture and literature). This occurrence of multiple medias and the depiction of the real through mediated representations are essential components of hyperrealistic works. Style and narrative are intimately related to these medias and art forms. The Hyperrealist novel hence will feature complex and particular narrative structures characterized by juxtaposed focalizations, narrative fragments and importance given to fine detail. Finally, the hyperrealist novel employs continuity and fragmentation. It features characters and author composing with these complex representations wich will eventually lead them to demonstrate skepticism and doubt when apprehending the real.
Desautels, Marie-Claude. « Asymétrie cérébrale et traitement de l'ironie ». Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15350.
Texte intégralMercure, Évelyne. « Dynamique interhémisphérique dans le traitement du sens métaphorique des mots ». Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14893.
Texte intégralLacombe, Jacinthe. « Substrats neuronaux du traitement visuel et sémantique des mots dans le vieillissement normal : apports de la MEG ». Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11929.
Texte intégralWhile it has long been assumed that the organization of the brain network underlying semantic processing remains intact in normal aging, mainly due to older adults’ intact behavioral performance on semantic tasks, several recent studies suggest that brain changes underlying semantic processing operate during aging. These changes appear to affect mainly the brain regions responsible for the executive aspects of semantic memory (SM), involved in semantic search and selection processes, as well as the strategic manipulation of semantic knowledge. However, the specific mechanisms underlying cerebral reorganization of semantic processing in normal aging are not well understood, partly because of methodological differences among studies. Recent literature also suggests that brain changes may be observed in relation to visual perceptual aspects of word processing in older adults. Since reading words is a dynamic interactive process between low-level perceptual functions and higher-order processes such as semantic processing, there may be age-related changes in terms of brain interactions between perceptual and semantic aspects of word processing. The general aim of this thesis was to characterize the cortical changes and the time course of brain signal associated with semantic and perceptual processing of words, as well as the modulations between semantic and perceptual processes in normal aging, using magnetoencephalography (MEG) as the investigative method. Firstly (Chapter 2), the patterns of brain activation of two groups of healthy younger and older adults were compared relative to a semantic task participants carried out during MEG acquisition, by focusing on the signal around the N400, a component associated with semantic processing. The results indicate that brain changes associated with normal aging mainly affect structures involved in the executive aspects of semantic processing. Greater activation was observed in prefrontal cortex for younger relative to older adults, while the latter group of participants activated the temporoparietal region to a greater extent than young adults. Moreover, the left anterior temporal lobe (ATL), considered to be a central and amodal region of semantic processing, was also more activated by older than younger participants. Secondly (Chapter 3), specific patterns of brain activation of younger and healthy older adults were compared in relation to visual perceptual processing, by focusing on the 200 first milliseconds of cortical signal during word processing. The results show that the age-related brain changes affect the fusiform gyrus, as well as the semantic network, with greater activation found in these regions in the group of older participants relative to younger participants, while no difference in activation of the visual extrastriate cortex was found between groups. The theoretical implications of the results of these two studies are discussed. Finally, limitations of this thesis and future perspectives are addressed (Chapter 4).
Walter, Nathalie. « Hémisphères cérébraux et traitement phonologique et sémantique des mots isolés ». Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14220.
Texte intégralTremblay, Tania. « Étude de la dynamique hémisphérique pour le traitement des mots chez les gauchers et les droitiers ». Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6348.
Texte intégralPahuja, Vardaan. « Visual question answering with modules and language modeling ». Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22534.
Texte intégralMangin, Olivier. « Émergence de concepts multimodaux : de la perception de mouvements primitifs à l'ancrage de mots acoustiques ». Phd thesis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061809.
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