Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Allergène de chien »

Purpose: Identifying the distribution of allergens is valuable to the effective diagnosis and treatment of allergic disease. So, our aim is to explore the sensitization of food and aeroallergens in Egyptian patients with atopic asthma. Methods: Cross-sectional study recruited 268 Egyptian patients with atopic asthma. Asthmatic patients were assessed by the enzyme allegro sorbent test (EAST) method for specific IgE to a panel of 19 common regional inhaled allergens and 15 food allergens. Results and Discussion: One hundred percent of the patients were sensitive to at least one allergen. Allergy to food allergens only was 2.9%; inhaled allergens only were 26.2% and both were70.9%. Fungi (62%) were the most frequent sensitizing aeroallergen amongst our asthmatic patients, followed by the pollen allergens (42.5%) and house dust mites (HDMs) (26%). Cows’ milk (30.5%) was the most frequent sensitizing food amongst our asthmatic patients, followed by eggs (22.4%) and fish (21.6%). Mono-sensitized patients accounted for 6.7% of all cases, while polysensitized was 93.3%. Moderate and severe asthma showed a significantly higher frequency of polysensitization compared to mild asthma. Conclusion: Fungi and cow's milk are the chief sensitizing allergens in Egyptian patients with atopic asthma. This study represents the first report of sensitization in atopic adult asthma using a large extract panel in Upper Egypt.

Les affections intestinales peuvent parfois être causées par l’alimentation mais quelles qu’en soient les causes, l’alimentation joue un rôle dans la guérison ou dans l’amélioration du chien et du chat atteint par de telles affections. À la suite d’un épisode aigu, il est utile de ré-alimenter rapidement mais avec des modalités spécifiques, tant en ce qui concerne la distribution que les caractéristiques de la ration. Ensuite, les effets des nutriments/aliments sont expliqués afin de comprendre comment alimenter l’animal malade en fonction de son trouble : allergie, insuffisance pancréatique, entéropathies, ... Les principes de mise en place d’une ration ménagère adaptée sont brièvement présentés avant de faire le point sur les aliments diététiques existant à ce jour pour ces maladies, chez le chien et le chat.

Abstract Journals insist that authors disclose their financial conflicts. However, the same standard is rarely imposed on journal editors. Surprisingly, most high-impact medical journals (about 88%) do not publish editor conflicts of interest (COIs). The Sunshine Act makes it possible to query physician payments from industry. Importantly, some companies are exempted. The leading 5 US-based plastic surgery journals were investigated. Only chief editors and coeditors were included, for a total of 10 editors. The range of payments was US $0 to US $297,000 between 2015 and 2021. The mean payment was $90,890, or $12,984 per year. This amount may be compared with the average industry payments to all plastic surgeons, which is approximately $5000 annually. Examples of editor COIs are considered. In one case, an article detailing important factual deficiencies in an article defending Allergan macrotextured breast implants was rejected by coeditors that included a coeditor who received payments from Allergan. An article promoting radiofrequency treatments containing previously reported data was accepted by a chief editor with a COI, who was also a coauthor. Articles claiming improved scarring for a wound adhesive device and numerous benefits for an Allergan implant insertion funnel also found acceptance by conflicted chief editors, despite serious deficiencies. Editor COIs should be published. Attempts to manage editor COI have not been successful. No data support a dollar limit or expiry date for COIs. Relevance and breadth of COIs are unsolved problems. The ethics of industry payments to physicians are questionable at best. An alternative option is recommended—elimination of COI for journal editors. This remedy would restore editorial integrity and avoid the need for recusals. There is precedence. About half of high-impact medical journal editors have no COIs. Industry subsidies in general should be reconsidered. Abandoning them would be in the best interest of our patients and our specialty.

Background: Allergic rhinitis is a common and chronic immunoglobulin E–mediated respiratory disorder following allergen exposure that can affect the quality of life and work activities. Antihistamine should be prescribed for the relief of persistent allergic symptoms & advised to avoid known allergens also. Objectives: The objective of the study is to assess the efficacy of non-sedating antihistamines in the treatment of allergic rhinitis based on the total nasal symptom score. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of patients with clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis following inclusion & exclusion criteria at the study center. Patients’ demographic profiles, symptoms and signs were obtained using a specially designed form. The symptoms were scored from baseline to end of treatment by using nasal symptom scoring protocol. The data were collated and analyzed using Microsoft excel & SPSS Version 17 statistical software. Results: Recruited 360 patients with allergic rhinitis, 96.66% presented with running nose as the chief complaint. A large number of patients have total nasal symptom scores of above 9 (n =170; 47.22%), whereas few (n = 42; 11.66%) had symptom scores of below 6 at a baseline level. Upon treatment with rupatadine, a significant reduction of TNSS (p< 0.05) was found from baseline over the 14-day treatment period. The incidence of adverse effects (fatigue 1.3%, headache 2.7%) was found to be less in the rupatadine group. Conclusion: non-sedative antihistamines effectively control persistent allergic rhinitis, where rupatadine is a drug of choice due to its better efficacy and having a low incidence of side effects. KYAMC Journal. 2022;12(04): 231-236

Allergic rhinitis, despite its complex patho-physiology, is a global health problem with the increasing prevalence. The current study which was conducted at one of the tertiary care center in the country comprised of 548 diagnosed cases of allergic rhinitis and thus treated during the period extending from January 2010 to June 2011. In the study, males and females were almost equally distributed, constituting the ratio of 1:0.9. Among them, the patients from 20 –29 year of age group was the most commonly affected (38.1%). In our study most of the patients were housewives (30.3%) and the house dusts mites (76.3%), was the most common etiological factors. Majority of the patients presented with sneezing (86.7%) as the chief complaint. Of the total subjects, 18.6% presented with co-morbidity of allergic conjunctivitis and 8.9% with that of sinusitis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v18i1.10411 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 18(1): 30-35

Urticaria is an autoimmune disease that affects the individual with a variety of manifestations. Various factors trigger the immune system. Urticaria primarily manifests with integumentary signs and symptoms. This condition primarily does not harm greatly the individual but alters one’s daily activities. Skin rashes all over the body, itching for longer duration, and pain along with bumps anywhere in the body are the chief manifestations. Urticaria can affect any age and equally for both men and females. The urticaria also has several of its kind; aquatic urticaria, acute urticaria, chronic urticaria, and drug-mediated urticaria are the few examples. Urticaria can affect even the newborn and infants also. The itching and the rashes are the chief manifestations and classical signs. Urticaria is not hereditary or contagious. It is purely immune-mediated and hypersensitivity towards stimulants. Urticaria also referred to as Hives, are commonly caused by allergens and also can be a form of hormonal changes. Emotions can also be a cause of urticaria. Urticaria is not a serious condition but needs to consult the medical facility if any anaphylaxis appears. A healthy lifestyle and healthy habits make the immune strong and free from urticaria.

Contexte : L’asthme est une maladie inflammatoire des voies aériennes inférieures très fréquente dans la population générale. Parmi les patients asthmatiques, 5 à 10 % développent des formes sévères, caractérisées par une réponse insuffisante aux corticoïdes inhalés. Chez ces patients, le remodelage bronchique est un phénomène qui aggrave le handicap respiratoire associé à l’asthme sévère. Cependant, le remodelage bronchique reste un défi thérapeutique, en l’absence de traitement spécifique actuellement. Peu de modèles animaux réussissent à en reproduire fidèlement les caractéristiques, et c’est tout particulièrement le cas en contexte d’inflammation « T2low » des voies aériennes, caractérisée par une prédominance neutrophilique sur le plan cellulaire et par une résistance aux corticoïdes. Nous avons développé un modèle murin d’asthme induit par l’allergène de chien qui reproduit les caractéristiques du remodelage bronchique humain dans un contexte d’inflammation neutrophilique et Th17 des voies aériennes, associés à une production accrue d’IL-17A et d’IL-22.Objectifs : L’objectif de nos travaux était, d’une part, de valider la pertinence de ce modèle comme modèle d’asthme sévère corticorésistant, et, d’autre part, d’étudier l’impact thérapeutique de la neutralisation de l’IL-22 dans ce modèle.Méthodes : L’asthme était induit par l’allergène de chien, administré par voie intranasale, chez des souris C57BL/6J. Au cours de la dernière semaine de provocation par l’allergène, les souris recevaient 1 mg.kg-1 de dexaméthasone par voie intrapéritonéale pour l’évaluation de la corticorésistance du modèle. Pour l’évaluation de l’impact de la neutralisation de l’IL-22, les souris recevaient, au cours de la dernière semaine de provocation par l’allergène, trois doses de 200 μg d’anticorps anti-IL-22 à 48 heures d’intervalles. Vingt-quatre heures après la dernière injection, l’hyperréactivité bronchique était évaluée par la mesure des résistances des voies aériennes par cathétérisation trachéale, en réponse à des doses croissantes de méthacholine nébulisée. L’inflammation des voies aériennes était étudiée grâce à l’étude cytologique du lavage bronchoalvéolaire et la mesure de l’expression et de la production pulmonaire cytokinique et chimiokinique. Les paramètres du remodelage bronchique étaient étudiés par méthode histologique et immunohistochimique. Résultats : Dans un premier temps, nous avons observé une persistance à des niveaux significativement élevés de l’hyperréactivité bronchique, de l’inflammation neutrophilique, de la surexpression du gène codant pour l’IL-17A, ainsi que de l’hyperproduction de mucus, de la fibrose sous-épithéliale et de l’hypertrophie du muscle lisse bronchique associés au remodelage bronchique. Dans un second temps, la neutralisation de l’IL-22 par l’anticorps n’a pas montré d’impact sur les principaux paramètres inflammatoires du modèle, mais induisait une diminution significative de l’hypertrophie du muscle lisse bronchique, et, dans une moindre mesure, de la fibrose sous-épithéliale. Conclusion : Le modèle murin d’asthme induit par l’allergène de chien est un modèle pertinent d’asthme sévère corticorésistant, et l’IL-22 pourrait être une cible thérapeutique intéressante dans le traitement du remodelage bronchique chez les patients asthmatiques sévères
Background: Asthma is a common inflammatory disease of the lower airways in the general population. Among asthmatic patients, 5-10% develop severe forms, characterized by a poor response to inhaled corticosteroids. In these patients, airway remodelling is a phenomenon that worsens severe asthma-associated respiratory disability. However, airway remodelling remains an area of unmet therapeutic needs in the field of severe asthma treatment. Only scarce animal models accurately reproduce its pathological features, particularly in a context of T2low airway inflammation, which is characterized by a predominance of neutrophils and corticosteroid resistance. We developed a murine model of asthma, induced by dog allergen, that replicates the features of human airway remodelling in a context of neutrophilic and Th17 airway inflammation, associated with increased production of IL-17A and IL-22. Objectives: The objectives of our work were, first, to validate the relevance of this model as a model of severe corticosteroid-resistant asthma, and second, to study the therapeutic impact of IL-22 neutralization in this model.Methods: Asthma was induced by intranasal administration of dog allergen in C57BL/6J mice. During the final week of allergen challenge, mice received 1 mg.kg-1 of intraperitoneal dexamethasone to assess response to steroids. To evaluate the impact of IL-22 neutralization, mice received three 200 μg-doses of anti-IL-22 antibody every 48 hours during the final week of allergen challenge. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, airway hyperresponsiveness was evaluated by measuring airway resistances via tracheal canulation in response to increasing doses of nebulized methacholine. Airway inflammation was assessed through cytological analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage and measurement of pulmonary cytokine and chemokine expressions and productions. Airway remodelling parameters were studied using histological and immunohistochemical methods. Results: First, we observed a significant persistence of airway hyperresponsiveness, neutrophilic inflammation, overexpression of the gene encoding IL-17A, as well as mucus hyperproduction, subepithelial fibrosis, and airway smooth muscle hypertrophy associated with airway remodelling. Subsequently, antibody-mediated IL-22 neutralization had no impact on the main airway inflammatoryparameters of the model, but significantly reduced airway smooth muscle hypertrophy and, to a lesser extent, subepithelial fibrosis. Conclusion: The dog allergen-induced murine asthma model is a relevant model of severe corticosteroid-resistant asthma, and IL-22 may be a promising therapeutic target for treating airway remodelling in patients with severe asthma