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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Aliens – Civil rights »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Aliens – Civil rights"

Ahmad, Imad A. « Enemy Aliens ». American Journal of Islam and Society 21, n^o 3 (1 juillet 2004) : 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v21i3.1774.

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David Cole, a professor at the Georgetown University Law Center, is a brilliantconstitutional attorney and an outstanding advocate of civil liberty. InEnemy Aliens, he articulates the case that Attorney General John Ashcroft’sabridgements of the civil liberties of non-citizens and alleged “enemy combatants”in the name of the war on terrorism is at once part of an old strategyof establishing such constitutionally questionable actions against thosepeople least politically able to defend themselves and, at the same time, thefirst step to expanding such incursions against civil rights into the populationat large.Cole writes with the meticulous care appropriate to a legal mind ofthe first caliber and with a graceful and literate rhetorical style. “The linebetween citizen and foreigner, so natural during wartime,” he writes (p.5), “is not only easy to exploit when restrictive measures are introduced,but also easy to breach when the government later finds it convenient todo so.” Cole writes with authority on facts of which too many Americansare completely ignorant: selective detention and deportation based onreligion or national origin, secret trials (or no trials), prolonged interrogation“under highly coercive, incommunicado conditions ... and withoutaccess to lawyers,” and “indefinite detention on the attorney general’ssay-so” (p. 5).Cole presents the historical precedents that justify his thesis. In 1988,President Ronald Reagan signed a bill apologizing for the appalling detentionof Japanese-Americans during World War II. However, that internmentwas an extension of the Enemy Alien Act of 1798, “driven by nativist fearsof radical French and Irish immigrants” (p.7), but still on the books. The“Palmer Raids” of the early twentieth century, wherein thousands of for ...

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Wang, Chao. « Implementation of the ICCPR in Macao since 1999 : The Position of Aliens as an Illustration ». Chinese Journal of International Law 20, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2021) : 561–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chinesejil/jmab028.

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Abstract This article provides an overview of the local adaptation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) in Macao since 1999 and a comparative analysis of the different models of protection of the rights and freedoms of non-residents in Macao and Hong Kong as an illustration of selective adaptation of international human rights law in China’s special administrative regions. The article argues that the theory of selective adaptation of international human rights law helps us to understand the local interpretation and adaptation of international human rights law by identifying the resonance between international human rights laws and the normative discourse underlying locally transformed legislation. Given the similarity in wording of certain provisions of the ICCPR and of the Basic Law, the varying interpretation of these provisions and varying treatment of aliens in the implementation of the ICCPR illustrates the paradigm of selective adaptation of international norms as a coping strategy to balance local needs against the requirement for compliance with external rules. The article suggests the importance of a normative consensus in the local implementation of international human rights standards in that the sharing of international human rights rules does not necessarily indicate consensus on the normative order underlying those rules.

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Molnár, Tamás. « Limitations on the Expulsion of Aliens Imposed by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ». Hungarian Yearbook of International Law and European Law 5, n^o 1 (décembre 2017) : 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/hyiel/266627012017005001005.

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Fischer, Gerhard. « Enemy Aliens : Internment and the Homefront War in Australia, 1914–1920 ». Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies, n^o 30/3 (1 septembre 2021) : 107–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.30.3.07.

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During the First World War, the German Australian community, the largest non-Anglo-Celtic group, became the target of a relentless campaign of persecution, internment and deportation that resulted in its dismemberment and the destruction of its socio-cultural infrastructure. Under the country’s belligerent Prime Minister, W.M. Hughes, the machinery of government was used to suspend basic civil rights and the rule of law, while Australian civilians were called upon to participate in the “homefront war” against an imagined internal enemy. The government’s aim was to serve the cause of Im- perial Britain and its commercial supremacy, and to secure the future of White Australia as the home of an imaginary, exclusive “British race.”

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Vrăbiescu, Ioana. « Non- and dedocumenting citizens in Romania ». Focaal 2017, n^o 77 (1 mars 2017) : 22–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2017.770103.

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This article explores state practices in Romania that lead to the non-, de-, and redocumenting of tens of thousands of inhabitants. Unlike state practices of (non)recording aliens (asylum seekers, refugees, undocumented migrants), the scale of dedocumenting native citizens in Romania exposes a deliberate and systematic modality of governance through exclusion from state records. These practices of citizenship dispossession lead mostly to the gender discrimination of marginalized women and the racial exclusion of Romani ethnics. People who were born and live on the state’s territory become de facto stateless. By scrutinizing state regulations and institutional practices, this article unravels the logic of dedocumenting citizens, a process that allows state actors to select those who belong to the nation on the basis of criteria that are incompatible with basic civil and human rights. This selective modality of recording endows state actors with crucial and direct control over the political and economic lives of undocumented citizens.

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Siraji, Hafizh. « The Sovereignty of the Air Space and Its Protection in the Perspective of International Law : Some Aliens Intervention in Southeast Asian Countries ». International Law Discourse in Southeast Asia 1, n^o 2 (31 juillet 2022) : 159–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ildisea.v1i2.58397.

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State sovereignty in international law is not a solution, in the international world as a legal entity that acts as a subject of international law. This also happens between one country or another, which can then be announced the deeds agreed to by each country are not appropriate, because they must be approved by the deeds of other countries or we can call it the Relativity of State.There are three thoughts in understanding the concept of state sovereignty over developing air space. The first is that air space cannot be used or used by anyone because in principle, the state does not have sovereignty. Secondly, special rights such as freedom of air that do not limit the height of the airspace boundary are obtained by the State of the Netherlands. And finally, the principle that the state has freedom of airspace, but there is a territory or territorial zone that gives certain rights to the under the state that can be implemented. This research has the purpose of being able to know and analyze how the regulation and accountability of the state in an effort to protect and maintain the country's sovereignty over air space viewed from the perspective of international law. The research method used in this study is the normative juridical library method, where this normative juridical research is a study using literature with primary data such as laws and regulations, the scientific work of scholars, as well as from several books. Then it will be explained or described in a deductive description supported by literature study. Based on the results of research and discussion, we can find out that the thinking on the concept of state sovereignty territory starts from the three theoretical ideas mentioned earlier. Then put together in international agreements as stated in the 1944 Chicago International Civil Aviation Convention especially the definition of state sovereignty over air space, paragraph 1 which reads "the contracting states recognize that every state has complication and exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above its territory". The state is fully responsible for the maintenance and protection of the country's sovereign territory over air space.

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Stewart, David P., et Ingrid Wuerth. « Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co. : The Supreme court and the Alien Tort Statute ». American Journal of International Law 107, n^o 3 (juillet 2013) : 601–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.107.3.0601.

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The U.S. Supreme Court has finally decidedKiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co.It is the Court’s second modern decision applying the cryptic Alien Tort Statute (ATS), which was enacted in 1789. Since the 1980 court of appeals decision inFilartiga v. Pena-Iralapermitting a wide of range human rights cases to go forward under the statute’s auspices, the ATS has garnered worldwide attention and has become the main engine for transnational human rights litigation in the United States. The statute itself and the decisions that it generates also serve as state practice that might contribute to the developing customary international law of civil universal jurisdiction, immunity for defendants in human rights cases, the duties of corporations, and the right to a remedy for violations of fundamental human rights. During the 1990s, the ATS became the focal point for academic disputes about the status of customary international law as federal common law. Indeed, to the extent that the “culture wars” have played out in U.S. foreign relations law, the ATS has been their center of gravity.

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Mukherjee, Roopali. « Regulating Race in the California Civil Rights Initiative : Enemies, Allies, and Alibis ». Journal of Communication 50, n^o 2 (1 juin 2000) : 27–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02840.x.

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Parrish, Austen L. « Kiobel's Broader Significance : Implications for International Legal Theory ». AJIL Unbound 107 (2013) : 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398772300009648.

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The U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co. has ushered in a new era for human rights enforcement. Unanimously, the Court ended so–called foreigncubed human rights cases, that is, litigation where foreign plaintiffs sue foreign defendants for activity occurring abroad. The broadest form of universal civil jurisdiction that the Second Circuit's decision in Filártiga v.Pena–Irala once appeared to promise is over. Alien Tort Statute (ATS) litigation, while not foreclosed, has become more limited.

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Klopp, Brett. « Integration and Political Representation in a Multicultural City : The Case of Frankfurt am Main ». German Politics and Society 16, n^o 4 (1 décembre 1998) : 42–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/104503098782487013.

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Cities have long been the destination of those on the move. Migrationand especially immigration always raise issues of inclusion andexclusion, of rights and obligations, and of the meaning of membershipand citizenship. The particular form and content of thesedebates vary, just as host countries, national and local governments,and immigrant populations vary. Over the past few decades, patternsof immigration have begun to shift away from classical immigrationcountries (the United States, Canada, Australia) toward the democraciesof the European Union. “In this troubled world, WesternEurope has in fact, become a fragile island of prosperity, peace,democracy, culture, science, welfare and civil rights,” according tourban sociologist, Manuel Castells. “However, the selfish reflex oftrying to preserve this heaven by erecting walls against the rest ofthe world may undermine the very fundamentals of European cultureand democratic civilization, since the exclusion of the other isnot separable from the suppression of civil liberties and a mobilizationagainst alien cultures.”

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Thèses sur le sujet "Aliens – Civil rights"

AYNÈS, Camille. « La privation des droits civiques et politiques : l'apport du droit pénal à une théorie de la citoyenneté ». Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/68319.

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Defence date: 21 September 2020 (Online)
Examining Board: Pr. Loïc Azoulai (Sciences-Po Paris, Directeur de thèse); Pr. Olivier Beaud (Université Paris II Panthéon-Assas, Co-directeur de thèse); Pr. Xavier Pin (Université Jean Moulin, Lyon 3); Pr. Christoph Schönberger (Université de Constance)
Awarded the 2021 Prix Dalloz
Awarded the 2021 Best Thesis Prize in the category "Concepts fondamentaux du droit constitutionnel" from the “Institut francophone pour la Justice et la Démocratie” Louis Joinet (previously the 'Fondation Varenne')
Received a special mention of the Vendôme Prize 2021 for the best doctoral thesis in Criminal Law.
Il est d’usage de considérer que la citoyenneté étatique, en tant qu’elle désigne une appartenance statutaire, est un concept de clôture qui implique l’inclusion aussi bien que l’exclusion. À rebours de la littérature dominante sur la citoyenneté en droit qui privilégie généralement sa dimension inclusive, cette thèse entreprend un renversement de perspective : elle se propose de théoriser la citoyenneté en creux, à partir de ses exclus, de définir autrement dit le citoyen par le non-citoyen. L’exclu étudié en droit français n’est pas la figure paradigmatique de l’étranger, mais celle du criminel déchu de ses droits politiques à la suite d’une condamnation pénale. Nous faisons l’hypothèse de la valeur heuristique d’une étude proprement juridique et non normative de la notion constitutionnelle de citoyenneté à partir du droit pénal en général, et des sanctions privant le condamné de ses droits de citoyen en particulier. L’apport de cette recherche est double : il concerne à titre premier la citoyenneté dont on entend examiner les bénéficiaires, la nature (les valeurs) et le contenu matériel (les droits et les devoirs). Nous démontrons (1) que par différence avec la nationalité, la citoyenneté a historiquement une dimension axiologique et qu’elle protège la moralité publique. Cette affirmation semble de prime abord remise en cause aujourd’hui en raison de l’influence du droit des droits de l’homme sur la matière. Plus qu’à la substitution d’un modèle de citoyenneté à un autre, nous établissons (2) que l’on a affaire à une tension au cœur du régime actuel de la citoyenneté. À titre second, nous contribuons en filigrane à une lecture de la démocratie en soutenant (1) que la lutte pour les droits politiques des derniers exclus de la nation (les condamnés et les « aliénés ») correspond moins à une revendication de participation politique qu’à une demande d’inclusion sociale ; (2) que le citoyen, dans cette lutte, tend à disparaître derrière le sujet de droit doté de droits opposables.

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Chowdhory, Nasreen. « Belonging in exile and "home" ; : the politics of repatriation in South Asia ». Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103193.

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My dissertation discusses refugee rights and post-repatriation integration in South Asia in the context of debates over "citizenship." Postcolonial state-formation processes in South Asia have profoundly shaped questions of belonging and membership. As a result, official citizenship has become an important marker of group inclusion and exclusion in South Asian states. Using the literature on citizenship, I discuss the "belonging" claims of non-citizens (refugees) and argue that in practice this "belonging" extends beyond the state-centric "citizenship" view of membership. In doing so, I address two sets of interrelated questions: what factors determine whether or not refugees will be repatriated in South Asia, and why do some repatriated groups re-integrate more successfully than others in "post-peace" South Asian states? I answer these questions through a study of refugees from Sri Lanka and Bangladesh who sought asylum in India and were later repatriated to their countries of origin. The politics of postcolonial state-formation and subsequent discriminatory policies on language in Sri Lanka and non-recognition of the Jumma people in Bangladesh encouraged many citizens to flee to India as refugees. I argue, first, that India's state-centric politics of non-recognition of the two refugee groups contributed to their later repatriation. In the absence of rights and status in exile, refugees turned to "home" as a place to belong. I then analyze the post-repatriation variations in accommodation in Sri Lanka and Bangladesh as most refugees attempted to reclaim the lost identity and "citizenship" at "home" through the process of repatriation. However these countries pursued strategies of limited accommodation, which led to the minimal or partial re-integration of the two returnee-refugee groups.

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Koulish, Robert E., Manuel Escobedo, Raquel Rubio-Goldsmith et John Robert Warren. « U.S. Immigration Authorities and Victims of Human and Civil Rights Abuses : The Border Interaction Project Study of South Tucson, Arizona, and South Texas ». University of Arizona, Mexican American Studies and Research Center, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/219032.

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Kissangoula, Justin. « La Constitution française et les étrangers : recherches sur les titulaires des droits et libertés de la constitution sociale / ». Paris : LGDJ, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376399746.

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Texte remanié de: Th. doct.--Droit public--Montpellier 1, 1997. Titre de soutenance : La constitutionnalisation du droit des étrangers en France, contribution à l'étude du développement du droit constitutionnel.
Bibliogr. p. 525-563.

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Maswikwa, Belinda. « Citizenship and belonging : An analysis of the Zimbabwean diaspora ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4148.

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Thesis (MA (Political Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Immigrant societies are in the midst of heated debates about citizenship and what it means to belong to their nation-states. The main purpose of this study is to conduct exploratory and descriptive research into the concept of belonging to a host country, in order to advance an understanding of this under-conceptualised, yet topical issue. The project was based on an extensive review of literature from the fields of psychology, sociology and political science, as well as on the responses from an empirical, quantitative survey of Zimbabweans living in South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. The findings reveal that Zimbabwean respondents are frustrated with perceived attempts to exclude them from becoming full and equal members of host societies. Zimbabweans who feel that they will never truly belong or be fully accepted by host countries have subsequently developed a heightened sense of attachment to Zimbabwe, as a way of differentiating themselves from the dominant population. The main conclusion that can be drawn is that belonging, inclusion and identification with a host country is a complex process that involves three separate stakeholders namely the host country, members of the dominant group, and the immigrants themselves. This research thus argues that the problem of immigrant integration should be viewed through multiple lenses, by including the influence of various stakeholders. Doing so would lead to a more nuanced understanding of the forces influencing belonging, and could potentially lead to the formulation of more comprehensive and more targeted policies.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Immigrante samelewings is in die midde van hewige debatte oor burgerskap en wat dit beteken om te behoort tot hul nasie-state. Die hoofdoel van hierdie studie is om in verkennende en beskrywende ondersoek van die konsep “gasheer land intergrasie”, ten einde 'n begrip van hierdie vooraf onder-gekonseptualiseerde maar tog hedendaags belangrike konsep, te formuleer. Die projek is op 'n omvattende oorsig van die literatuur gebaseer uit die gebied van sielkunde, sosiologie en politieke wetenskap, sowel as op die antwoorde van' ŉ empiriese, kwantitatiewe opname van Zimbabwiërs wat in Suid-Afrika, die Verenigde Koninkryk en die Verenigde State van Amerika gehuisves is. Die bevinding van die studie toon dat die Zimbabwiese proefpersone gefrustreerd is met die waargenome pogings van uitsluiting deur lede van die gasheer lande ten opsigte van volle gelykstelling met bogenoemde lede. Zimbabwiërs wat voel dat hulle sal nooit werklik behoort, of nie ten volle aanvaar sal word in gasheer-lande nie, het 'n verhoogde gevoel van verbinding ontwikkel met hul tuisland Zimbabwe, as ŉ manier van onderskeiding tussen hulself en die dominante bevolking. Die belangrikste gevolgtrekking wat gemaak kan word, is dat groep behoorting, insluiting en identifikasie met 'n gasheer land 'n komplekse proses is wat drie afsonderlike belanghebbendes naamlik die gasheer land, die lede van die dominante groep en die immigrante hulself behels. Hierdie navorsing argumenteer dus dat die probleem van die immigrant integrasie uit verskeie perspektiewe geanaliseer moet word, deur die betrekking van die invloed van verskeie belanghebbendes. Dit sou lei tot 'n meer genuanseerde begrip van die kragte wat ŉ uitwerking het op intergrasie, en kan moontlik lei tot die formulering van meer omvattende en geringe beleide.

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O'Neal, Jonathon P. « NATIVISM AND THE DECLINE IN CIVIL LIBERTIES : REACTIONS OF WHITE AMERICA TOWARD THE JAPANESE IMMIGRANTS, 1885-1945 ». Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2055.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2009.
Title from screen (viewed on February 1, 2010). Department of History, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Michael Snodgrass, Kevin Cramer, Marianne S. Wokeck. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-174).

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Scuto, Denis J.-P. M. « La construction de la nationalité luxembourgeoise : une histoire sous influence française, belge et allemande, 1839-1940 ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210310.

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La thèse analyse l'évolution de la législation de la nationalité du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg du Code civil des Français (1803) à la loi toute récente de 2008, avec une étude détaillée de la période qui va de l'indépendance du pays (1839) au début de la Seconde guerre mondiale (1940). L'étude dégage l'influence importante de la législation des pays voisins sur cette évolution.L'histoire de l'Etat-nation, des migrations et de la politique migratoire est également abordée.

The dissertation analyzes the evolution of the nationality legislation of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg from the French Code civil (1803) till the most recent law of 2008.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Jones, Esther L. « Traveling discourses subjectivity, space and spirituality in black women's speculative fictions in the Americas / ». Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155665383.

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Cuenca, Joseph Gerard B. « Filipina live-in caregivers in Canada : migrants' rights and labor issues (a policy analysis) ». Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/8907.

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Asian women make up the fastest growing category of the world's population of migrant workers. The thesis examines labor and immigration policies of Canada as a host country for Filipino women migrant workers. It also determines how Canada's working environment for Filipino women migrant workers is mapped out. The thesis is anchored on three major concerns. The first is an analysis of the Philippines as a leading labor exporting country. The thesis expounds on the state mechanisms promoting labor exportation and the corresponding problems that ensue. It is argued that a majority of the problems of labor migration from the Philippines can be attributed to the inadequate policies and laws of the government in the 1970s when labor export first flourished. The second area of concern is a situation analysis of the Filipina migrant workers who come to Canada to work as live-in caregivers. This discussion is focused on Canada's general framework of immigration laws, foreign worker policies and the pertinent provincial labor laws of British Columbia. It analyzes how these pieces of legislation have been shaped by Canada's national policies. The thesis argues that Canada's regulations restricting the rights of foreign domestic workers and the marginalization of their social mobility and status reflect the unequal relationship between the host and the sending countries. The third and most important concern is a policy analysis of the Live-In Caregiver Program vis-a-vis migrants' rights and labor issues. The thesis argues that Canada, through the continuation of the Live-In Caregiver Program, provides Filipino domestic workers inequitable working conditions. It is argued that since Canada is an international forerunner in championing human rights, it becomes anachronistic that a cluster of the country's immigration policies continue to advocate indentured form of labor. Canada is in a unique position, both as a traditional immigrants' country and as an international player, to blaze the trail for international recognition of migrant workers' rights. Canada must eliminate the double standards in the Live-In Caregiver Program vis-a-vis the general immigration policies. Therefore, it is argued that in order to maintain the high marks it has been receiving at the international level, Canada must eliminate two requirements of the Live-In Caregiver Program: First, the two-year live-in requirement and second, the temporary migrant status of live-in caregivers upon initial entry to Canada. Live-in work must be optional and not subject to the granting of permanent residence status. To preserve it international reputation, Canada must also make reforms on the international level by ratifying and implementing international conventions.

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Livres sur le sujet "Aliens – Civil rights"

Secretariat, Council of Europe, et Council of Europe. Directorate of Human Rights., dir. Human rights of aliens in Europe : Proceedings of the Colloquy on "Human Rights of Aliens in Europe". Dordrecht : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1985.

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Drzemczewski, Andrew Z. The position of aliens in relation to the European Convention on Human Rights. Strasbourg : Council of Europe, Publications Section, 1985.

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Hug, Markus. Der Ausländer als Grundrechtsträger. Zürich : Schulthess Polygraphischer Verlag, 1990.

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Iraburu, Inés Arriaga. El derecho a la vida familiar de los extranjeros en la jurisprudencia de Estrasburgo. Pamplona : Ediciones Universidad de Navarra, 2003.

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La constitution française et les étrangers : Recherches sur les titulaires des droits et libertés de la constitution sociale. Paris : L.G.D.J., 2001.

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Upper Canada. Lieutenant-Governor (1818-1828 : Maitland). P. Maitland : The Lieutenant Governor thinks proper to call the attention of the Legislative Council to a subject, which he has long regarded as one of much importance to the province ... [Toronto] : J. Carey, 2001.

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David, Carliner, Carliner David et American Civil Liberties Union, dir. The Rights of aliens and refugees : The basic ACLU guide to alien and refugee rights. 2^e éd. Carbondale : Southern Illinois University Press, 1990.

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United Nations. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, dir. The rights of non-citizens. New York : United Nations, 2006.

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Gewerkschaftsbund, Schweizerischer. Les immigrés, une minorité sans droits politiques ? Berne : Union syndicale suisse, 1990.

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Ferrer, Fátima Pérez. Análisis dogmático y político-criminal de los delitos contra los derechos de los ciudadanos extranjeros. Madrid : Dykinson, 2006.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Aliens – Civil rights"

Kaya, Ayhan. « Europeanization and De-Europeanization of Turkish Asylum and Migration Policies ». Dans EU-Turkey Relations, 347–72. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70890-0_14.

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AbstractThis chapter discusses Turkey’s efforts to align and then de-align its migration and asylum policies and laws with the European Union. It argues that the Europeanization of migration and asylum policies and laws corresponds to the internalization of a rights-based approach by state and societal actors in Turkey up until the beginning of the civil war in Syria. The period of the war corresponds to the ascent of the process of de-Europeanization of Turkey that has resulted in the framing of migration and asylum policies at the national and local levels in cultural and religious terms. The chapter argues that the Justice and Development Party (AKP) has successfully accommodated the Syrian refugees on the basis of a religious rhetoric called ‘Ansar spirit’.

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Seland, Idunn, Lihong Huang, Cecilia Arensmeier, Jens Bruun et Jan Löfström. « Aims of Citizenship Education Across Nordic Countries : Comparing School Principals’ Priorities in Citizenship Education 2009–2016 ». Dans IEA Research for Education, 43–63. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66788-7_3.

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AbstractThe Nordic welfare state has been associated with certain ideas of citizenship, the highlights of which are equal rights, social mobility, democracy, and participation. To better understand how these ideas are interpreted in the educational system, this chapter compares school principals’ prioritization of the aims of civic and citizenship education in four Nordic countries as they are expressed in IEA’s International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS). We discuss our findings in relation to the Nordic model of education, meaning the governance of education epitomizing the Nordic welfare state. When comparing data from the survey of school principals in ICCS 2009 with ICCS 2016, we find a consistent prioritization of promoting students’ critical thinking, while items concerning democratic participation are the lowest priority. While these results are similar to the international sample, the Nordic principals’ support for promoting critical thinking is consistently stronger. In the Nordic welfare state, a shift toward neoliberal policies is seen as an adaption to economic challenges with an emphasis on development of human capital through knowledge, skills, and abilities. However, as critical thinking represents such abilities, this may also be seen as a prerequisite for social critique and political mobilization. We review these possibilities as representations of a break in or a continuation of the traditional ideas of citizenship associated with the Nordic welfare state. We conclude that, for Nordic principals, critical thinking may align with the recent international emphasis on competence while also relating to the concept of Bildung, an 18th-century emancipation ideal with deep roots in the Nordic model of education.

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Sari, Yulia Indrawati. « The Dynamics of the Green Policies in Papua Land : A Political Economy Study ». Dans Environment & ; Policy, 185–204. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15904-6_11.

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AbstractThe provincial governments of Papua and West Papua have expressed their commitments and enacted policies to develop Papua Land in a sustainable manner through the issuance of Papua 2100 Vision, the 2019 Manokwari Declaration, and the ‘green’ spatial plan of Papua province. However, the implementation of these policies in balancing protection of forests and improvement of livelihood of indigenous Papuans has been slow. By employing a political economy approach, the study explores how interactions between the political economy structure, institutions, and actors have resulted in slow implementation of such commitments, particularly in reviewing the compliance of land-based industry licenses and acknowledging customary (adat) areas. The study was conducted between February 2020 and March 2021 and encompassed approximately 50 key informant interviews – including donors, civil society organizations, adat leaders, national and subnational governments, observers, academics, and journalists – and document review. The findings of this study suggest that the reform is mainly driven by development partners and limited numbers of bureaucrats that align with the indigenous Papuans’ interest to protect their land from outsiders. The small coalitions were successful in focusing their effort to enact green policies in the two provinces. However, the study highlights constraints faced by these actors to turn the policies into actions: (1) the existence of wide array of powerful actors – non-Papuans and Papuans – with strong economic and political interests identified at central, provincial, and regency level to hinder the enforcement of problematic land-based licenses and clarify adat areas; (2) the absence of broad-based political support. These have hampered the implementation of the green policies under the two aspects above. This study recommends reviewing policy at the national level to create enabling environment for green policies implementation in both provinces, e.g., to review the Omnibus Law, supporting the regency-level actors to accelerate issuance of the perda PPMHA and local-level regulations on adat-managed areas, supporting licenses review in Southern part of Papua Province to limit the operation of these businesses to expand in forest areas and disrespect adat rights over their lands, and exploring engagement with the opposing parties at all administrative level.

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« Rights of Aliens ». Dans The Encyclopedia of Civil Liberties in America, 818–20. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315699868-578.

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« Article 13 : Procedural Safeguards in the Expulsion of Aliens ». Dans A Commentary on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 354–68. Cambridge University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108689458.016.

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« The Right of Aliens not to be Subject to So-Called “Excessive” Civil Jurisdiction ». Dans Enforcing International Human Rights in Domestic Courts, 441–47. Brill | Nijhoff, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004481701_022.

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Mulqueen, John. « ‘Communists’, the IRA and the Northern Ireland Crisis ». Dans 'An Alien Ideology', 47–74. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789620641.003.0003.

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At the beginning of the 1960s, the Soviet Union decided to support national liberation movements to undermine the US and its allies worldwide. Concurrently, the IRA leadership began to emphasise socialism and co-operate with communists in various agitations – the most significant would be the Northern Ireland civil rights movement. This chapter discusses perceptions of the republican movement’s ‘new departure’. William Craig, the Northern Ireland minister of home affairs, contended that the communist-influenced IRA aimed to manipulate the civil rights issue as a prelude to another armed campaign. In 1969 Northern Ireland’s prime minister, Major James Chichester-Clark, warned that some civil rights protesters aimed to create an ‘Irish Cuba’. The civil rights campaign inadvertently worsened sectarian tensions in Northern Ireland, leading to the outbreak of the Troubles.

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« Chapter Three. Civil And Political Rights ». Dans Corporate Responsibility under the Alien Tort Statute, 89–121. Brill | Nijhoff, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004173651.i-414.17.

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Hinnershitz, Stephanie. « Post-1965 Changes in Asian America ». Dans A Different Shade of Justice. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469633695.003.0005.

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After World War II and through the 1960s, Asian Americans began a transformative process, from being the “yellow peril” to becoming the model minority, and Asian Americans in the South experienced, to some degree, the same transformation. The war and its mottos of fighting for freedom and democracy at home and abroad affected the way Americans viewed their own hypocrisy toward minorities in the United States. African Americans were the largest minority group to use the aims of the war to demand attention to their plight with Jim Crow, prompting the growth of a nationwide civil rights movement, but Americans also came to view the century-old forms of legal discrimination against Asian immigrants and Asian Americans in a new light. Not only did Congress repeal the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1943 (making it legal for some Chinese to naturalize and allowing a small number of Chinese immigrants to enter the United States), but Filipino Americans and Indian Americans received similar treatment during and after World War II. In 1952, the McCarran-Walter Act (or the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952), although designed to protect American security during the early Cold War by prohibiting and deporting subversive aliens, also made it possible for Asian immigrants of all ethnicities to become American citizens (while the number of Asians admitted to the United States did not drastically increase). Americans also viewed the ability of Japanese Americans to overcome the massive civil rights violations of wartime imprisonment and achieve economic and educational success as a model for all minorities to follow. Asian Americans came through the fires of World War II and proved that they were loyal Americans and deserving of equal treatment and respect, and while more subtle and sometimes not so subtle forms of racism and discrimination ...

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Ludovic, Hennebel, et Tigroudja Hélène. « Part I State Obligations and Rights Protected, Ch.II Civil and Political Rights, Art.22 : Freedom of Movement and Residence ». Dans The American Convention on Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780190222345.003.0022.

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This chapter focuses on Article 22 of the American Convention on Human Rights (ACHR), which is a very dense provision insofar as it contains several rules and is addressed to different categories of holders. Indeed, it guarantees freedom of movement and circulation, protection against arbitrary and collective expulsion, as well as the prohibition of non-refoulement, and the right to seek and to receive asylum. This provision alone contains several substantive rights that are not always protected as such by other general human rights conventions, with the exception of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights. The structure of the provision is based on a balance between the individual rights' approach—the right of the individual in general, the right of the national of the State Party, and the right of the alien—and the prerogatives of the State, including the right to control the entry and stay of individuals on its territory. In order to respect this fragile balance, some of the rights and freedoms protected by Article 22 may be subject to limitations.

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