Bibliographies thématiques / Alien insect

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Alien insect »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Alien insect"

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Kenis, M., W. Rabitsch, M. A. Auger-Rozenberg et A. Roques. « How can alien species inventories and interception data help us prevent insect invasions ? » Bulletin of Entomological Research 97, no 5 (octobre 2007) : 489–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485307005184.

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AbstractInformation relevant to invasion processes and invasive alien insect species management in Central Europe was extracted from two databases: a compilation of two inventories of alien insects in Austria and Switzerland, and a list of interceptions of non-indigenous plant pests in Europe gathered by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) for the period 1995–2004. For one-third of the insects established in Switzerland and Austria, the region of origin is unclear. Others come mainly from North America, Asia and the Mediterranean region. Among the intercepted insects, 40% were associated with commodities from Asia, 32% from Europe and only 2% from North America. Sternorrhyncha, Coleoptera and Psocoptera were particularly well represented in the alien fauna compared to the native fauna. In the interception database, Sternorrhyncha were also well represented but Diptera accounted for the highest number of records. Sap feeders and detritivores were the dominant feeding niches in the alien insect fauna. In contrast, external defoliators, stem borers, gall makers, root feeders, predators and parasitoids were underrepresented. Nearly 40% of the alien insects in Switzerland and Austria live only indoors. Another 15% live outdoors but exclusively or predominantly on exotic plants. Less than 20% are found mainly in ‘natural’ environments. The majority of introductions of alien insects in Europe are associated with the international trade in ornamental plants. An economic impact was found for 40% of the alien insects in Switzerland and Austria, whereas none is known to have an ecological impact. The implications of these observations for further studies and the management of alien species in Europe are discussed.
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TALLAMY, DOUGLAS W. « Do Alien Plants Reduce Insect Biomass ? » Conservation Biology 18, no 6 (décembre 2004) : 1689–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00512.x.

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OLENICI, Nicolai, Flavius BĂLĂCENOIU, Romică TOMESCU, Constantin NEȚOIU, Andrei BUZATU et Alina ALEXANDRU. « Invasive alien forest insect species in south-eastern Romania ». Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 50, no 1 (10 février 2022) : 12618. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha50112618.

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Biological invasions in forest ecosystems are recognised as a global scale challenge. However, our current knowledge of invasive alien forest insect species (IAFIS) in Romania is still lacking and rather insufficient to support clear policies. The aim of this study is to contribute to a better understanding of the distribution of IAFIS in the Muntenia and Dobrogea provinces of Romania. For this purpose, direct observations and insect collections were made two consecutive years, in 76 locations. Of these, 67 sampling locations forming a long field observation route were visited only once, and nine sampling locations were fixed monitoring points with primed traps used in first year for regular collection of insects at 1-2-week intervals. Seventeen non-native forest insect species from five orders and 11 families were detected: Aproceros leucopoda, Cameraria ohridella, Corythucha arcuata, Cydalima perspectalis, Dasineura gleditchiae, Eopineus strobus, Euura tibialis, Gilletteella cooleyi, Hyphantria cunea, Ips duplicatus, Macrosaccus robiniella, Neoclytus acuminatus, Obolodiplosis robiniae, Parectopa robiniella, Phyllonorycter issikii, Prociphilus fraxinifolii and Xylosandrus germanus. Eleven IAFIS species originate from North America, four from Asia and two from Europe. All detected species were previously reported from Romania, but eight species had not been recorded in these two provinces. Seven species live on native tree species, while 10 thrive on exotic trees or shrubs. The highest number of IAFIS was recorded in urban areas. Except for E. tibialis, all found IAFIS have a significant ecological or economic impact across invaded habitats. The risks posed by biological invasions need more thorough consideration that deserves greater attention and scientific support.
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Tallamy, Douglas W., Meg Ballard et Vincent D’Amico. « Can alien plants support generalist insect herbivores ? » Biological Invasions 12, no 7 (19 novembre 2009) : 2285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-009-9639-5.

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Kalaentzis, Konstantinos, Christos Kazilas, Jakovos Demetriou, Evangelos Koutsoukos, Dimitrios N. Avtzis et Christos Georgiadis. « Alientoma, a Dynamic Database for Alien Insects in Greece and Its Use by Citizen Scientists in Mapping Alien Species ». Insects 12, no 12 (8 décembre 2021) : 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12121101.

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Invasive alien species have been increasingly acknowledged as a major threat to native biodiversity and ecosystem services, while their adverse impacts expand to human health, society and the economy on a global scale. Insects represent one of the most numerous alien organismic groups, accounting for about one fifth of their total number. In Greece, a large number of alien insects have been identified, currently reaching 469 species. In recent decades, the contribution of citizen science towards detecting and mapping the distribution of alien insects has been steeply increasing. Addressing the need for up-to-date information on alien species as well as encouraging public participation in scientific research, the Alientoma website—derived from “alien” and the Greek word “entoma”, meaning insects, is presented. The website aims towards providing updated information on alien species of insects to the public as well as the scientific community, raising awareness about biological invasions and addressing their distribution and impacts inter alia. By maintaining a dynamic online database alongside a strong social media presence since its launch, Alientoma has attracted individuals mainly from Greece and Cyprus, interacting with the website through a total of 1512 sessions. Alientoma intends to establish a constantly increasing network of citizen scientists and to supplement early detection, monitoring and management efforts to mitigate the adverse impacts of alien insects in Greece.
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Leather, Simon. « Tim R New : Alien species and insect conservation ». Journal of Insect Conservation 20, no 6 (décembre 2016) : 1119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10841-016-9942-2.

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Setyawan, Yendra Pratama, Purnama Hidayat, Hermanu Triwidodo et Kenneth Puliafico. « Keanekaragaman Serangga Fitofag pada Sengon Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & ; J.W. Grimes dari Jawa dan Hawaii di Persemaian di Bogor ». Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 26, no 4 (27 octobre 2021) : 490–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.4.490.

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Albizia (Falcataria moluccana) cultivated in Indonesia for timber plantations can increase the farmer’s income, even though albizia became an invasive alien species that can cause the economic and ecological losses. The controlling of invasive species using biological control is an effective method. The purpose of this study was to determine the phytophagous insects on albizia from Java and Hawaii in seedling in Bogor. The experiment was conducted in Carangpulang, Dramaga, Bogor. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design using seed origin as a treatment (albizia Java and Hawaii) with 4 replicates. Total number of tree sample was 160 trees. Observations were conducted every 2 weeks until 32 weeks after planting. Identification of insects was conducted in the Laboratory of Insect Biosystematics, IPB. A total of 67 phytophagous insects were collected, 57 species in albizia from Java and 54 species in albizia from Hawaii. There was no difference in abundance and diversity of phytophagous insects on albizia from Java and Hawaii. Larvae of Eurema blanda (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) became an important pest causes leaf defoliation. Furthermore, Hulodes caranea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Margarodes sp. (Hemiptera: Margarodidae), Choristoneura sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and Adoxophyes sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) identified as important pests that have not been reported in the other research. Keywords: albizia, defoliator insect, Fabaceae, important pests, invasive alien species
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Kollár, J., P. Hrubík et S. Tkáčová. « Monitoring of harmful insect species in urban conditions in selected model areas of Slovakia ». Plant Protection Science 45, No. 3 (16 octobre 2009) : 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4/2009-pps.

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Research was carried out in 7 model urban areas of Slovakia (Nitra, Topoľčany, Komárno, Partizánske, Piešťany, Prievidza, Trnava) in 2005–2006. Research was aimed at phytophagous insects damaging allochthonous and autochthonous ornamental woody plants, growing in the urban environment. Because of the importance of alien (introduced) species in this country, we were also interested in this problem. Field research was realized minimally three times per vegetation period. We collected samples of damage symptoms, adult samples or larval samples. In total, we recorded 409 species and 5 varieties of phytophagous insects in the examined areas. From that number the order<I>Lepidoptera</I> accounted for the highest percentage (29.25%). We recorded 52 species of alien insects. During the research period we recorded 9 new alien species for Slovakia in the model areas.
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Trencheva, K., G. Trenchev, R. Tomov et S. A. Wu. « Non-indigenous scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China : A survey ». ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 19, no 2 (1 juin 2017) : 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/eh.11578.

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A preliminary list of non-indigenous scale insect species on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China is presented. The sampling was done between April and November, 2009, in the framework of the project “Invasive scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China”. The insects were collected in nurseries, parks, gardens, botanical collections and greenhouses. Representatives from four families have been identified in Bulgaria, the most numerous of which are the Diaspididae (eight species), Coccidae (four species), Pseudococcidae (two species) and Margarodidae (one species). Three species of non-indigenous scale insects associated with ornamental plants were collected in China, all belonging to the family Pseudococcidae. A list of alien scale insect species on ornamental plants is given, including the sampling sites, host plants on which they were found, origin and first report in both countries.
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Mizutani, Tomoo, et Koichi Goka. « Japan's Invasive Alien Species Act ». Applied Entomology and Zoology 45, no 1 (2010) : 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/aez.2010.65.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Alien insect"

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Ballard, Meg. « Insect populations on early successional native and alien plants ». Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company ; downloadable PDF file, 50 p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1203553531&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Cerqueira, Nicole. « Pollinator visitation preference on native and non-native congeneric plants ». Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company ; downloadable PDF file 2.91 Mb., 84 p, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/1428175.

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Zuefle, Marion E. « The impact of non-native woody plants on the native herbivorous insect community of northern Delaware ». Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company ; downloadable PDF file, 75 p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1163239621&sid=7&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Parker, Denisha M. « Drivers of Predatory Insect Distribution in Urban Greenspaces ». The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1619126809030714.

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Schoeman, Colin Stefan. « Synergistic impact of invasive alien plants and the alien Argentine ant on local ant assemblages in the Western Cape ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21759.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Alien trees, Pinus spp. and Eucalyptus spp., affect ants negatively in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR), a global biodiversity hotspot in South Africa. They reduce ant abundance and species richness, thus also changing ant assemblage structure. This is alarming, because almost 1300 species of plant species in the CFR are dispersed by certain indigenous ants, and thus there is concern for an indirect effect on indigenous plant assemblages. One of the most impacting ant species on seed dispersal is the invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile (Mayr)), which discards seeds outside its nest, where they do not germinate. Ten sites, on Vergelegen Wine Estate, were selected to explore these effects of alien plants. These varied from invaded to non-invaded sites. Each site consisted of six sampling points, which in turn consisted of four pitfall traps left out for seven days, during December 2005, February 2006, May 2006 and September 2006. Forty species of ant were sampled, and various analyses used to illustrate the comparative effects of plant invasion. All analytical methods showed that invasive alien plants had a significant impact on the abundance and richness of the ant species assemblage, by creating a dense canopy cover that changed the abiotic environment of the epigaeic ants’ habitat. Furthermore, increased alien tree invasion correlated significantly with Argentine ant abundances. The Argentine ant displaced Pheidole capensis and Camponotus spp., while it decreased the abundances of commonly-occurring indigenous ants, such as Lepisiota capensis and Plagiolepis spp. Displacement by the Argentine ant may be a result of indirect competition for food resources. The effects of invasive aliens are synergistic in that there is a cascade effects from initial plant invasions to subsequent animal invasion.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Indringer bome, Pinus en Eucalyptus, affekteer miere op negatiewe wyse in die Kaap Florsitiese Streek (KFR), ‘n area in Suid Afrika van belang t.o.v. globale biodiversiteit. Hierdie uitheemse indringer bome verminder hulle hoeveelheid en spesies rykheid. Die bogenoemde is kommerwekkend omdat meer as 1300 plant spesies in the KFR versprei word deur miere. Die verandering in hoeveelheid en versameling van inheemse miere kan dus ernstige implikasies hê op die saad verspreiding van inheemse plant spesies. Een van die mees verwoestende effekte op saad verspreiding is veroorsaak deur die indringer Argentynse mier (Linepithema humile (Mayr)), wat sade neer werp buite hulle neste, waar hulle nie suksesvol kan ontkiem nie. Tien monsterings-tereine was geselekteer om die bogenoemde effekte te ondersoek op Vergelegen Landgoed. Hierdie het afgewissel van indringer tot skoon tereine. Elke terrein is op ses versamelings-plekke gemonster, met vier pitvalle, wat oopgelê het vir sewe dae gedurende Desember 2005, Februarie 2006, Mei 2006 en September 2006. 40 spesies van miere was gemonster. Indringer plante het ‚n betekenisvolle impak gehad het op die hoeveelheid en rykheid van die mier gemeenskappe, deur die skepping van ‚n dig baldakyn wat die abiotiese omgewing van die miere se habitat verander het. Die vermeerdering van indringer plante veroorsaak die vermeerdering van Argentyne miere. Kanonieke Mede-Respons Analise illustreer dat die Argentynse mier Pheidole capensis en Camponotus spp. verplaas het, terwyl dit ander inheemse mier getalle verminder het, soos Lepisiota capensis en Plagiolepis spp. Die verplasing deur die Argentynse mier mag die resultaat wees van indirekte wedywering vir hulpbronne. Die effekte van indringer species is dus sinergisties deur dat ‚n kaskade effek ontstaan vanaf plant tot dier indringer spesies.
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Adorno, Antonio Salvatore Maria. « Diversity and flight activity of Staphylinidae in a citrus orchard of the Catania Plain (Sicily) ». Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1409.

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The present study aims to investigate the diversity and flight activity of Staphylinidae in a citrus orchard of the Catania Plain (Sicily) using different sampling methods (car-net, window traps and pit-fall traps). The study looks at the complex of flying rove beetles with the aim of defining preliminarily the faunistic and zoogeographical structure of this family in the study area. A second aim of the study is to investigate, using window-traps and pit-fall traps, the spatial distribution of flying staphylinids inside the orchard and in adjacent habitats. The use of window traps and car-net allowed to analyse the monthly and daily flight activity of staphylinids and to analyse the flight circadian rhythm and its seasonal variation. Monitoring of wind and temperature also allowed to evaluate the effects these environmental factors on the flight activity. 170 taxa (species, subspecies and 20 morphospecies) of Coleoptera Staphylinidae were collected. Most of the species are eurytopic species or related to substeppic or steppic environments, usually saprophyles with broad ecological valence. 5 species (Pella leonhardi, Pronomaea sicula, Quedius caelebs, Tasgius globulifer evitendus and Tasgius pedator siculus) are endemics to Sicily, 1 species (Oxypoda flavissima) is new for Italian fauna, 11 species (Acrotona muscorum, Amischa decipiens, Amischa forcipata, Atheta testaceipes, Carpelimus fuliginosus, Dacrila pruinosa, Lithocharis nigriceps, Micropeplus porcatus, Neobisnius lathrobioides, Outachyusa raptoria, Pycnota paradoxa e Trichiusa immigrata) are new for Sicilian fauna. The chorological spectrum is coherent with the environment where the research took place: a large orchard plain characterized by prolonged summer aridity. The results of the window trap sampling show significant differences in the abundance of the flying species between open areas inside the orchard characterized by herbaceous vegetation (Track) and the inside of the parcels of citrus grove (Citrus). On the other hand the Spearman rank correlation analysis demonstrates that the faunistic structures of this stations are similar. Comparison between sampling with pit-fall traps and with windows traps one shows that these two sampling methods basically differ by the taxa captures frequencies, in addition to the complete absence of Ocypus o. olens in the window traps. The occurrence of the maximum frequency of catches in the window traps in the spring (often in contrast with car-net data) suggests that in this period blooming and fruits marcescence processes are an attractive stimulus which causes an increase of flight activity. Hourly sampling with car-net highlighted, in the most abundant species, that flight has a circadian rhythm characterized by morning and afternoon peaks with a break or a decrease at midday. The beginning of flight activity coincides with dawn in summer period in Gabronthus maritimus and in Alaeocharinae and Oxytelinae (not examined at species level). Flight activity s end takes usually place at sunset or twilight. Flight activity after dusk up to an hour after sunset has been detected in the Paederinae Scopaeus debilis, Hypomedon debilicornis, Astenus b. bimaculatus and Astenus pallidulus. There are also seasonal variations of the distance of morning and afternoon peaks from dawn and sunset: in winter they are far away from dawn and from sunset, in spring the afternoon peak gets closer to sunset, in summer morning peak moves closer to dawn and the afternoon one overlaps sunset, in autumn this two peaks move away from dawn and from sunset again. From autumn to spring the beginning of flight activity is conditioned by temperature. High temperature seems to cause the extension of the midday break which in summer extends until mid-afternoon. Wind is also an environmental factor which influences flight: in several species wind s high speeds reduce flight s activities. However, afternoon peaks also occur in highly windy day.
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Guichard, Sylvain. « Modelling the proximal source of intercepted exotic insects ». Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1472.

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Biological invasions are major threats to any nation’s economy and biodiversity. To detect new biological incursions of some species biosecurity agencies deploy pheromone sentinel traps for targeted species at high risk sites such as airports, seaports and transitional facilities. A good example is the gypsy moth surveillance program in New Zealand. Following the detection of an incursion by an unwanted organism, ground-based searches to locate the source can be very expensive, but are essential to identify the introduction pathway and to increase the chances of success eradicating the unwanted organism. In such circumstances, the possibility of better targeting the search for the source of the incursion using a modelling approach is worthy of investigation A stochastic mechanistic model to hindcast moth flight from a recapture location to the release location was developed based on insect behaviour in response to wind and pheromones. The model was composed of two main processes, 1) downwind dispersal, assumed to result from an appetitive behaviour, indicated by an analysis of a previous mark-release-recapture experiment on painted apple moth (Teia anartoides, Walker) and, 2) anemotaxic dispersal inspired by pheromone anemotaxis theory but up-scaled from a fine-scaled behaviour model to a 2 m scale. A genetic algorithm was used to fit some model parameters. A specialised fitness function was developed to allow the genetic algorithm to identify parameters that resulted in models that reflected both the spread and density patterns in the trapping data. The resulting function allowed the stochastic model results to be compared with the inherently stochastic trapping data. The resulting individual based model simulates the spatio-temporal dispersal pattern of painted apple moth recorded during a previous mark-release-recapture experiment. While the proposed model is shown to have limitations with respect to accuracy and precision it is also demonstrated to greatly improve biosecurity incursion response capability, by more efficient targeting of search effort for the proximal source of an incursion.
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White, Evelyn M. « Indirect interactions between alien and native Senecio species as mediated by insects ». Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16580/1/Evelyn_White_Thesis.pdf.

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The studies described in this thesis investigate the role of indirect effects in invasion biology. The Introduction provides a brief overview of indirect effects and an outline of the thesis structure. The role of indirect effects in the context of invasion biology is addressed in an in-depth published literature review that comprises the second chapter, providing a theoretical background for the subsequent empirical studies. Chapters Three to Six are comprised of manuscripts that have been published or are under review or in press, which describe studies that investigate the importance of indirect effects in invasion biology using a model system consisting of the alien Asteraceae Senecio madagascariensis, a closelyrelated native, Senecio pinnatifolius, and the insect species with which they interact. Senecio madagascariensis and S. pinnatifolius occur in a similar geographic range in eastern Australia and these studies were conducted in mixed and pure populations of the two species. The herbivore and floral visitor assemblages of the two Senecio species at seven field sites in South-east Queensland were compared using sweep-net sampling, manual searching and floral visitor observation techniques. The floral visitor assemblages were similar between the two species, comprised largely of species of Syrphidae and the European honeybee, Apis mellifera. Herbivore assemblages, however, were highly variable both between species and between sites, with greater herbivore abundance and diversity recorded on the native S. pinnatifolius than its alien congener. The most commonly recorded herbivores were sap-sucking species such as Myridae. The magpie moth, Nyctemera amica was the most common folivore on both Senecio species and laboratory studies demonstrated a clear preference by ovipositing females and feeding larvae of this species for the native Senecio species, over the alien. Field surveys supported these findings, recording greater leaf damage on the native species than the invader. Herbivory levels were lower, rather than higher, in mixed populations than in pure populations, thus there was no evidence that the presence of one species enhanced herbivory in the other. Field pollination trials were conducted to determine whether competition for pollinators or facilitation of pollination occurred in mixed Senecio populations. The presence of the native S. pinnatifolius affected pollinator visitation rates to the alien Senecio; bee visits to S. madagascariensis were significantly reduced by the presence of S. pinnatifolius, whilst syrphid visits increased. However, altered visitation rates were not reflected in seed set. The presence of the alien species had no impact on pollinator visits to the native. Surprisingly, S. pinnatifolius seed set was higher in mixed populations than in pure populations. This might be due to abiotic factors, lower rates of herbivory at these sites or transfer of pollen between species resulting in the production of hybrid seed (if S. madagascariensis has greater male fitness). Hybridisation in the field was investigated using AFLP techniques. No mature hybrid plants were recorded in mixed populations, but hybrid seeds were produced by both species. Senecio pinnatifolius maternal parents produced higher numbers of hybrid seed than expected based on the relative frequencies of the two species, whilst hybridisation in S. madagascariensis was lower than expected. This may indicate greater male fitness of the invader. A range of complex indirect interactions can occur between invasive and native species, with these interactions having the potential to influence the success or failure of the invader and its impacts on co-occurring natives. The Discussion addresses the findings of the studies described here in the context of invasion biology theory.
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White, Evelyn M. « Indirect interactions between alien and native Senecio species as mediated by insects ». Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16580/.

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The studies described in this thesis investigate the role of indirect effects in invasion biology. The Introduction provides a brief overview of indirect effects and an outline of the thesis structure. The role of indirect effects in the context of invasion biology is addressed in an in-depth published literature review that comprises the second chapter, providing a theoretical background for the subsequent empirical studies. Chapters Three to Six are comprised of manuscripts that have been published or are under review or in press, which describe studies that investigate the importance of indirect effects in invasion biology using a model system consisting of the alien Asteraceae Senecio madagascariensis, a closelyrelated native, Senecio pinnatifolius, and the insect species with which they interact. Senecio madagascariensis and S. pinnatifolius occur in a similar geographic range in eastern Australia and these studies were conducted in mixed and pure populations of the two species. The herbivore and floral visitor assemblages of the two Senecio species at seven field sites in South-east Queensland were compared using sweep-net sampling, manual searching and floral visitor observation techniques. The floral visitor assemblages were similar between the two species, comprised largely of species of Syrphidae and the European honeybee, Apis mellifera. Herbivore assemblages, however, were highly variable both between species and between sites, with greater herbivore abundance and diversity recorded on the native S. pinnatifolius than its alien congener. The most commonly recorded herbivores were sap-sucking species such as Myridae. The magpie moth, Nyctemera amica was the most common folivore on both Senecio species and laboratory studies demonstrated a clear preference by ovipositing females and feeding larvae of this species for the native Senecio species, over the alien. Field surveys supported these findings, recording greater leaf damage on the native species than the invader. Herbivory levels were lower, rather than higher, in mixed populations than in pure populations, thus there was no evidence that the presence of one species enhanced herbivory in the other. Field pollination trials were conducted to determine whether competition for pollinators or facilitation of pollination occurred in mixed Senecio populations. The presence of the native S. pinnatifolius affected pollinator visitation rates to the alien Senecio; bee visits to S. madagascariensis were significantly reduced by the presence of S. pinnatifolius, whilst syrphid visits increased. However, altered visitation rates were not reflected in seed set. The presence of the alien species had no impact on pollinator visits to the native. Surprisingly, S. pinnatifolius seed set was higher in mixed populations than in pure populations. This might be due to abiotic factors, lower rates of herbivory at these sites or transfer of pollen between species resulting in the production of hybrid seed (if S. madagascariensis has greater male fitness). Hybridisation in the field was investigated using AFLP techniques. No mature hybrid plants were recorded in mixed populations, but hybrid seeds were produced by both species. Senecio pinnatifolius maternal parents produced higher numbers of hybrid seed than expected based on the relative frequencies of the two species, whilst hybridisation in S. madagascariensis was lower than expected. This may indicate greater male fitness of the invader. A range of complex indirect interactions can occur between invasive and native species, with these interactions having the potential to influence the success or failure of the invader and its impacts on co-occurring natives. The Discussion addresses the findings of the studies described here in the context of invasion biology theory.
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Nygårds, Nanette. « Dislike for insects align with human-centered and anti-egalitarian beliefs ». Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för lärarutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-21542.

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An outgroup can be defined as that which is perceived as different or dissimilar from oneself. The Interspecies Model of Prejudice (TIMP) predicts that negativity to human outgroups align with animal negativity. Human-centered and anti-egalitarian beliefs have shown to correlate with outgroup rejection. Experiencing a close relationship to nature has, on the other hand, been linked to outgroup acceptance. The aim of this study was to investigate the valuation of animal charismatic appeal overall, and as a function of outgroup acceptance - rejection. An online survey collected data on animal image ratings, attitude instruments, psychosocial and demographic factors from 231 high school senior students in the greater Stockholm area. Images of human-similar (anthropomorphic highcharismaticmammals) versus human-dissimilar (feral low-charismatic insects) animals were used to, respectively, predict the attitudes anthropocentrism, ethnocentrism and nature relatedness. Overall, mammals were rated significantly more positively than insects. The findings also suggest support for TIMP. It may be inferred that animal charismatic appeal is linked to individual differences in outgroup cognitions. Anthropocentrism and ethnocentrism associated negatively with general animal liking, and were predicted by insect negativity once significant covariates adjusted the models. Nature relatedness correlated positively with animal liking and was predicted by insect positivity. Our valuation of animal charisma may, thus, be linked to our appraisal of their more or less human-like qualities. Our valuations are proposed as underlied by identification mechanismsthat may guide our varying tendencies to divide the world into ‘us and them’. The findings could be informative of psychological factors involved in intergroup behaviors and environmental concerns.
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Livres sur le sujet "Alien insect"

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New, Tim R. Alien Species and Insect Conservation. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38774-1.

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Sorachi, Hideaki. Gin Tama : Even an inch-long insect has a soul. San Francisco, CA : Viz Media, 2009.

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illustrator, Leick Bonnie, dir. Alien invaders. McHenry, IL : Raven Tree Press, 2010.

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Alien invaders. Green Bay, WI : Raven Tree Press, 2005.

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O'Toole, Christopher. Alien empire : An exploration of the lives of insects. New York, NY : HarperCollins, 1995.

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Kevan, D. Keith McE. An annotated list of adventive and captive alien orthopteroid insects in Canada. Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada : Lyman Entomological Museum and Research Laboratory, 1990.

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Branch, Canadian Forest Service Science. Alien forest pests : Context for the Canadian Forest Service's Science Program. Ottawa : Science Branch, Canadian Forest Service, 1999.

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Service, Canada Canadian Forest. Alien forest pests : Context for the Canadian Forest Service's science programs. Ottawa : Canadian Forest Service, 1999.

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Canadian Forest Service. Science Branch. Alien forest pests : context for the Canadian Forest Service's Science Program = : Les Ravageurs forestiers étrangers : contexte du Programme scientifique du Service canadien des forêts. Ottawa, Ont : Canadian Forest Service, Science Branch = Service canadien des forêts, Direction des sciences, 1999.

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Schmidt, Stanley. Argonaut. New York : Tor, 2002.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Alien insect"

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New, Tim R. « Alien Insects and Insect Conservation ». Dans Alien Species and Insect Conservation, 129–74. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38774-1_6.

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New, Tim R. « Other Alien Invertebrates ». Dans Alien Species and Insect Conservation, 175–79. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38774-1_7.

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New, Tim R. « Impacts of Alien Invasive Species ». Dans Mutualisms and Insect Conservation, 153–65. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58292-4_8.

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New, Tim R. « Alien Plants and Insect Conservation ». Dans Alien Species and Insect Conservation, 99–128. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38774-1_5.

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New, Tim R. « Alien Vertebrates and Insect Conservation ». Dans Alien Species and Insect Conservation, 181–88. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38774-1_8.

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New, Tim R. « Invasions and Insect Conservation ». Dans Alien Species and Insect Conservation, 207–21. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38774-1_10.

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New, Tim R. « Alien Species in Urban Environments ». Dans Insect Conservation and Urban Environments, 87–101. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21224-1_5.

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New, Tim R. « Countering Impacts of Alien Species ». Dans Alien Species and Insect Conservation, 189–205. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38774-1_9.

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New, Tim R. « The Significance of Alien Species to Insect Conservation ». Dans Alien Species and Insect Conservation, 1–16. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38774-1_1.

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New, Tim R. « The Diversity and Impacts of Alien Species ». Dans Alien Species and Insect Conservation, 17–31. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38774-1_2.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Alien insect"

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Goka, Koichi. « Addressing invasive alien insect species in Japan — its progress and challenges ». Dans 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.113414.

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Selikhovkin, Andrey, Sergey Merkuriev et Alexander Khodаchek. « Native and alien tree insect pests : climate change impact and economic losses in Northwestern Russia ». Dans The 1st International Electronic Conference on Entomology. Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iece-10412.

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Karpun, Natalia, Elena Zhuravleva, Boris Borisov, Natalia Kirichenko et Dmitry Musolin. « Detection and Monitoring of Alien Plant-Sucking Insect Species on the Black Sea Coast of Russia ». Dans The 1st International Electronic Conference on Entomology. Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iece-10489.

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Apine, Inga, et Uģis Piterāns. « FIRST RECORDS OF AZALEA SAWFLY NEMATUS LIPOVSKY SMITH, 1974 (HYMENOPTERA : TENTHREDINIDAE) IN LATVIA ». Dans GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/11.

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Invasive non-native insect species are well-known threat to both local and introduced plant species in Europe. With increasing global trade and effects of climate change it is expected these alien species will continue to expand their distribution areas. One such non-native species is azalea sawfly Nematus lipovskyi Smith, 1974 (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) that feeds on deciduous Rhododendron spp. This species is known to occur in the USA and was found in the Czech Republic for the first time in Europe in 2010. We report the first findings of this species in Latvia that were made based of field observations in the period of 2018-2020. The current known status of the species in Latvia is presented. Our observations of damage caused by sawfly larvae are summarized. Host plants used by sawfly larvae are listed – we note Rhododendron albrechtii as a host plant of this species for the first time. The possible pathways of its introduction and the overall importance of our findings in context with other non-native species expansions are briefly discussed.
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Kalaentzis, Konstantinos, Christos Kazilas, Jakovos Demetriou, Evangelos Koutsoukos, Christos Georgiadis et Dimitrios Avtzis. « Engaging Citizen-Scientists in Mapping Alien Species : Introducing Alientoma, A Dynamic Database for Alien Insects in Greece ». Dans The 1st International Electronic Conference on Entomology. Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iece-10512.

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Lin, Yuan, et Nicole Abaid. « Bats Versus Bugs : Collective Behavior of Prey Decreases Predation in a Biologically-Inspired Multi-Agent System ». Dans ASME 2013 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2013-3816.

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In this paper, we establish an agent-based model to study the impact of collective behavior of a prey species on the hunting success of predators inspired by insectivorous bats and swarming insects, called “bugs”. In the model, we consider bats preying on bugs in a three-dimensional space with periodic boundaries. The bugs follow one of the two regimes: either they swarm randomly without interacting with peers, or they seek to align their velocity directions, which results in collective behavior. Simultaneously, the bats sense their environment with a sensing space inspired by big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) and independently prey on bugs. We define order parameters to measure the alignment and cohesion of the bugs and relate these quantities to the cohesion and the hunting success of the bats. Comparing the results when the bugs swarm randomly or collectively, we find that collectively behaving bugs tend to align, which results in relatively more cohesive groups. In addition, cohesion among bats is induced since bats may be attracted to the same localized bug group. Due to the fact that bats need to hunt more widely for groups of bugs, collectively behaving bugs suffer less predation compared to their randomly swarming counterparts. These findings are supported by the biological literature which cites protection from predation as a primary motivator for social behavior.
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Robinson, David W. « Practical Design and Use of Drill Template Jigs in Spacecraft Manufacturing ». Dans ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41125.

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Drill templates are used frequently in the fabrication and assembly of scientific spacecraft at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). They are used to provide precision location of a hole pattern for mating parts and assemblies, from small parts to multi-million dollar space telescopes. Typically these interfaces are one of a kind and crucial to the success of the space mission. Although proper geometric dimensioning and tolerancing for CNC machining can often be relied upon, there are many situations where either it is too difficult to achieve the required tolerances, too difficult to inspect, or too uncertain. Once the decision is made to use a drill template at a critical interface, there are several key design considerations including how to hold the piece to be drilled, how to properly and repeatably align the template to the part, and how to step through the drilling process. In addition to these considerations, there are a remarkable number of tips and techniques used by the people on the shop floor to make the process work well. This paper includes many of these tips gathered from technicians and engineers from around NASA GSFC.
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