Bibliographies thématiques / Agency (Law) – United States

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Agency (Law) – United States »

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Publié le 26 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Agency (Law) – United States"

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Kantaria, Saloni. « The Challenges of Enforcing an Arbitral Award Against a Foreign State in the United States ». Journal of International Arbitration 27, Issue 1 (1 février 2010) : 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2010005.

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A party seeking to enforce an arbitral award against a sovereign state or stage agency in the United States may face practical challenges due to the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA). In particular, the FSIA presents two hurdles which must be crossed by an arbitral award. This article will consider these hurdles and discuss whether the United States is an appropriate forum for a party seeking to enforce an arbitral award against a foreign state or agency, and whether the FSIA puts an arbitral award holder in an inferior position to a sovereign state or agency by granting it excessive immunity.
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Wilson, Jeremy M., et Clifford A. Grammich. « Consolidation of Police and Fire Services in the United States ». International Criminal Justice Review 27, no 3 (10 mars 2017) : 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1057567717698012.

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More than 100 municipalities across the United States have consolidated their police, fire, and emergency medical services into a single, consolidated agency. Typical reasons for such consolidation are to reduce costs or improve efficiency. As initial reasons to consolidate change or diminish, some agencies have deconsolidated, but many remained consolidated. In this work, we use perspectives of contingency theory and institutional theory of organizations to explore why agencies may remain consolidated. Using a mixed-methods approach, we first recruited two expert panels of consolidated agency leaders and others knowledgeable about consolidation and deconsolidation across the United States. From these experts, we gathered insight into a broad range of issues related to public-safety consolidation. We then conducted a series of seven case studies among communities chosen for their location and community features, interviewing agency executives and line staff as well as local officials. We found contingency theory helps explain why many of these agencies consolidate. We also found, as institutional theory would predict, that many conformed to standards of other bodies or even created their own “cultural” standards. This work highlights the importance of both theoretical perspectives in assessing the growth and persistence of these agencies.
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Sinclair, Michael R. « To Fight to Save in Space : A Legal Argument that a Space ‘Coast Guard’ Is Increasingly Necessary for Effective Twenty-First Century Space Governance ». Air and Space Law 43, Issue 4/5 (1 septembre 2018) : 459–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2018030.

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Recently, U.S. President Donald Trump directed the Department Defense to create a new Space Force. Congress has pursued similar ideas in the recent past. If the United States is going to create a new space agency it may, however, be better served by establishing a ‘Space Guard’ modelled after and organized similarly to the existing U.S. Coast Guard. Indeed, it has become increasingly apparent the United States may need to establish such an agency sooner, rather than later to ensure that it meets its international legal obligations and to address widening authorities and capabilities gaps in existing U.S. space ‘governance’ programs. A pending ‘space boom’ led by private actors and businesses, and indeed encouraged by the United States government, makes it more and more likely that existing international legal regimes will prove inadequate governance structures as increasing numbers of state and private actors take to the stars. Further, the United States government currently divides responsibility and authorities for space operations amongst several departments and agencies, which is burdensome, inefficient, and unlikely to be agile enough to keep pace with, let alone effectively regulate and manage private space ventures. This article argues that establishing a Space Guard is a critical first step in how the United States can contribute to twenty-first century space governance, while at the same time also protecting important U.S. interests, because only an agency modelled on the Coast Guard’s ability to exercise broad, interdependent authorities across every aspect within an entire domain, and with the organizational culture to responsibly wield those authorities, will be able to effectively and efficiently manage future U.S. space activities.
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Fidler, David P. « A Globalized Theory of Public Health Law ». Journal of Law, Medicine & ; Ethics 30, no 2 (2002) : 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2002.tb00382.x.

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This symposium issue of the Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics indicates that interest in public health law in the United States is enjoying a renaissance. The focus of the articles reflects this renaissance, as they explore the state of public health law in various contexts within the United States. Additionally, all but one of the symposium authors plies his or her trade at a university, institution, or government agency in the United States. My task here is different: I focus on public health law within the context of international relations.Analyzing public health law with an international perspective proves no easy assignment. Examining the role of public health law in the proverbial global village takes the analysis out of the familiar territory of law operating within a single sovereign state. The analysis could take two forms. One could compare different national systems of public health law on specific issues. Such a comparative law approach would be interested in, for example, how the public health laws of the United States and South Africa differ in connection with regulating tobacco consumption.
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Thompson, Brian. « The Obesity Agency : Centralizing the Nation's Fight against Fat ». American Journal of Law & ; Medicine 30, no 4 (décembre 2004) : 543–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009885880403000404.

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Fat. Many love to eat it, but hate to carry it. The majority of people in the United States struggle to get out of this love/hate bond. Unfortunately, they find themselves stuck in an abusive relationship.Obesity is the “fastest-growing major health problem in the United States.” Approximately two thirds of American adults are overweight or obese. In addition, 15 percent of children are overweight. The number of people suffering from this chronic ailment dwarfs the number of people afflicted with other diseases such as HIV/AIDS, cancer, diabetes and heart disease. Obesity leads to over 400,000 deaths a year, and it costs the United States over $117 billion per year. The prevalence and cost of the disease “warrants an increased emphasis on prevention and treatment.”
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Tajti, Tibor. « A new frontier : The challenges surrounding the deepening impact of data protection regulations on bankruptcy law ». Pravni zapisi 14, no 2 (2023) : 238–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/pravzap0-46513.

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Notwithstanding the unprecedented and global prestige that data privacy (or data protection, in Europe) law has gained in the 21st century, comparative analyses of the effects flowing from the intensifying impact of data protection law on bankruptcy (insolvency) law remain unexplored. In addition to canvassing the history and contours of the data protection-bankruptcy law interface, through an empirical comparison of available court and data protection agency (authority) cases in multiple jurisdictions, this article fills this gap by identifying and exemplifying various modalities through which data protection law interferes with the bankruptcy process or creates tensions between the two branches of law, based on the comparison of available court and data protection authority (agency) cases in Europe (including the United Kingdom), the United States, as well as Canada and China, as middle-ground systems.
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Hanson, Elizabeth Crump. « Biotechnology, International Law, and the National Interest ». Politics and the Life Sciences 9, no 1 (août 1990) : 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400010273.

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On November 25, 1969 Richard Nixon announced that because of the “massive, unpredictable, and potentially uncontrollable consequences” of biological weapons, the United States would never use these weapons, would destroy all existing stocks, and would confine its research to strictly defined measures of defense (Harris, 1987:193). This unilateral renunciation followed an extensive review by the National Security Council of U.S. chemical and biological warfare policy, which lasted six months and involved every relevant agency in the U.S. government and which concluded that U.S. biological warfare capabilities provided no compelling military advantages (Tucker, 1984-85:61). Three years later the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BWC) was signed; it was the first postwar arms control agreement to elminate an entire class of weapons from the arsenals of states (U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, 1982:122). The treaty was ratified unanimously by the U.S. Senate in 1974, and over 100 nations have acceded to it. This arms control achievement has been attributed in part to the serious doubts which many countries, including the United States, shared about the military value of biological weapons (Harris, 1987:205-6). Within a decade of the signing of this treaty, however, the development of recombinant-DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) technology had raised the possibility of a new and more effective form of biological warfare.
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Marzen, Chad. « A Bibliography of Key Final Agency Determinations of the United States Department of Agriculture Risk Management Agency ». Texas A&M Journal of Property Law 9, no 2 (mai 2023) : 297–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/jpl.v9.i2.3.

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This Article is the first law review article to comprehensively examine Final Agency Determinations (FADs) of the United States Department of Agriculture. A key part of the administrative process within the Risk Management Agency of USDA, FADs contribute to the interpretation and understanding of the Common Crop Insurance Policy, which is the federally-reinsured multi-peril insurance contract. This Article surveys ten of the most significant recent FADs and emphasizes the importance of FADs to litigated disputes between insurance providers and insureds with regard to the federal crop insurance program. Overall, understanding of FADs is critical for stakeholders with the multi-peril crop insurance program.
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ELLIS, JAYE. « Extraterritorial Exercise of Jurisdiction for Environmental Protection : Addressing Fairness Concerns ». Leiden Journal of International Law 25, no 2 (2 mai 2012) : 397–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156512000106.

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AbstractTeck v. Pakootas revisits the infamous Trail smelter, which made history in public international law. This more recent case should be set to make history as well, due to the manner in which the issue of extraterritorial exercise of jurisdiction was handled. The substantive result reached in the courts seems fair, reasonable, and appropriate: a notorious polluter, Teck Cominco Metals Inc., is called to account by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and required to study the feasibility of cleaning up a site it contaminated by dumping effluents in a transboundary river over the course of several decades. Yet, both courts that examined this case on the merits failed to understand the ramifications of this extension of the Environmental Protection Agency's jurisdiction across the Canada–United States border. This article begins with a doctrinal analysis of jurisdictional rules in private and public international law, and then proceeds to evaluate those rules with the help of insights from scholarship on global administrative law and international public authority.
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Drew, Jacqueline M., et Sherri Martin. « Mental health and wellness initiatives supporting United States law enforcement personnel : The current state-of-play ». Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being 8, Suppl_1 (23 février 2023) : S12—S22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.298.

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The current research provides a national snapshot of availability, access, and perceived effectiveness of wellness services and help-seeking stigma. This study is based on a sample of 3,994 police officers across the United States. The current study found a substantial percentage of officers are accessing wellness services, whether agency-provided, external, or a combination of both. Among officers who were most in need of wellness services, those experiencing some level of psychological distress, over 90% accessed at least one agency-provided or external service. Employee assistance program (EAP) services, formal and informal debriefings with managers and colleagues, chaplaincy services, and peer support were identified as some of the most common types of wellness programs provided by agencies and were also among the most effective wellness services as identified by officers who had accessed them. However, the research did highlight the need to consider gender, years of service, and agency size to provide a more nuanced view of psychological distress,support, and help-seeking stigma. Stigma associated with help-seeking remains a concern that must be addressed in police populations.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Agency (Law) – United States"

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Wang, Weimin. « An agency or instrumentality in the United States Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 : An unauthorized Chinese view ». Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7869.

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Skinner, Caroline. « Introducing STS Scholarship to the Gun Policy Debate in United States Society ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1015.

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The following thesis will merge the field of legal studies with the field of Science, Technology, and Society, and will focus on issues surrounding the gun control debate. The goal is to ultimately bring new light to this hot- button legal topic through the use of STS scholarship. STS tools and theories, which have previously been absent from most gun control discussions, have much to contribute to the discourse in terms of motivating the need for gun control, fully understanding the user-gun relationship, breaking down misconceptions about the technology and its role in society, and further understanding the complex societal network within which guns exist in America. This will begin first with a discussion of the legal history and background of firearms in the United States, and will be followed by an STS analysis of technological agency and somnambulism as they can be applied to guns. Following this, the Actor Network in which firearms in America are imbedded will be explored, in order to better understand why they have been so difficult to regulate. Although this thesis will be heavily policy and law-focused, the aim is not to propose any specific new policy, but instead to use STS to conceptualize gun issues from a new perspective that will allow misconceptions and blockades to be confronted head-on.
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Levin, Greer. « The Cost of Racial Innocence in Kent v. United States and In re Gault : How Liberals Created America's Juvenile "Superpredator" ». Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1354.

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Juvenile justice reforms in America today closely resemble the ones that occurred over a century ago. The reforms of both eras aim to separate juveniles from adults and emphasize rehabilitation over punishment. Why is policy repeating itself? In search of an answer, I look to a monumental series of liberal Supreme Court decisions made in the 1960s that constituted what is now known as the Civil Rights Era’s “due process revolution.” In these cases, the Supreme Court provided juveniles with procedural protections in attempt to prevent the manifestation of racial bias in the juvenile court. It is commonly agreed upon that the due process revolution failed in its mission to protect minority youth. However, scholars are divided on why it failed. Some claim that states simply did not implement the protections properly. Others argue that a conservative backlash obstructed their proper implementation. In this thesis, I put forth that the decisions themselves — specifically, Kent v. United States and In Re Gault — criminalized youth by mistakenly presuming that racism could be regulated out of the court by enhanced procedures of due process. The liberal decisions made in Kent and Gault ultimately paved the way for the conservative carceral agenda of the late twentieth century and subjected minority youth to unprecedented punitive policy. I refer to Naomi Murakawa’s “racial innocence” theory to illuminate this interpretation of events and suggest that communities look inwards for alternatives to institutional reform.
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Luna, Brandon Salvador. « Race, immigration law, and the U.S.-Mexico border a history of the border patrol and the Mexican-origin population in the Southwest / ». Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1457321.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed November 5, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 142-149).
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Nielsen, Alexandra Elizabeth. « Quantifying Spatial Potential Access Equity in an Agent Based Simulation Model of Buprenorphine Treatment Policy in the United States ». PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4516.

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Opioid dependence and opioid related deaths are a public health problem which the United States Centers of Disease Control have declared an epidemic. While opioid agonist therapy for opioid addiction has been accepted as the most effective treatment for opioid dependence among academics, and office based buprenorphine treatment has been available in the Unites States for over 10 years, OB buprenorphine faces many barriers to widespread adoption. Empirical data on the geographic distribution of physicians able to prescribe buprenorphine and the prescribing patterns of those physicians show considerable unevenness in access and utilization of treatment services. Federal-level policies have recently been implemented to expand access to opioid agonist therapy, but the medium and long term impacts of these policy changes on individual outcomes, public health, and geographic access equity are not yet clear. This dissertation compares two recent federal level policies on expanding access to buprenorphine treatment: raising the regulatory limit on the number of patients a provider can treat (implemented July, 2016), and extending prescribing privileges to nurse practitioners and physician assistants (implemented February, 2017), using an empirically supported Agent Based Simulation model. Policies are assessed by a novel, at-a-glance, quantitative access equity metric: the Spatial Potential Access Gini Index, in addition to year-end treatment utilization, opioid overdose deaths, and the amount of illicit medication diversion. In the simulation, expanding access by increasing the patient limit did not result in more equitable spatial access, while extending prescribing to NPs and PAs increased both utilization and spatial access equity. This is likely due to empirically supported model assumptions that NPs and PAs providing primary care often serve in medically underserved areas including rural and remote regions. Extending prescribing to these practitioners opens up new treatment locations changing the spatial distribution of treatment opportunities. Changing patient limits does not change the overall spatial distribution of services, so spatial access equity does not change even if overall treatment supply gets better or worse. The primary contribution of this work is the Spatial Potential Access Lorenz Curve and the Spatial Potential Access Gini Index, measures that aggregate individual-level Spatial Potential Access Scores commonly used in health care geography to map and identify areas of access disparity within a region. The equitability of Spatial Potential Access is calculated by using the Lorenz Curve, which is commonly used to characterize the distribution of wealth or income in a society, from which a Gini Index is calculated. The Spatial Potential Access Gini Index allows for direct comparison of complex quantitative information about the geographic distribution of supply and demand in a region with other regions, or in response to policies that impact supply or demand within the region. The measure has potential applications in simulation studies on the spatial allocation of services, allowing equity assessment of policy alternatives, as well as in empirical work, allowing equity comparisons of different regions, or in hybrid studies in which policy experiments are conducted on data-rich maps.
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Lindquist, Kirsten M. « Child care's journey to the decision agenda : a case study / ». Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05022009-040652/.

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Awadzi, Raymond K. « Entrenching African Pentecostalism in the United States of America : A Study of a Ghanaian Founded Charismatic Church in South Florida ». FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2475.

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For the past three decades, there has been a rapid growth of African Pentecostal Christianity on America’s Christian religious scene. In general, researchers in Christian mission studies have concluded that the flow of Christian religious currents from Africa and other Third World countries to the West is something of a Christian mission in reverse process. Using agency and invention of tradition as the theoretical leads, this study explores the roles lay immigrants played in the rooting of the Christian Restoration Ministries International (CRMI), a Ghanaian founded charismatic church, in Miami, as a case study of how African Pentecostal churches originate in America. The study also shows how the Christian Restoration Ministries International (CRMI), practices an invented version of Ghanaian Pentecostalism. The study is field-work based. It concludes that the so called reverse mission thrives on the crucial roles of lay African migrant worshipers and their inventiveness.
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Nancarrow, Clifford A. « Preparing military officers for effective service in an inter-agency environment ». Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FNancarrow.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2005.
Thesis Advisor(s): Terry C. Pierce. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-97). Also available online.
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Straubel, Michael S. « United States' regulation of commercial space activity ». Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55691.

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Koo, Gerald M. F. « Foreign equity participation in United States airlines ». Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=55702.

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Livres sur le sujet "Agency (Law) – United States"

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Jasper, Margaret C. Environmental law. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y : Oceana Publications, 1997.

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Jasper, Margaret C. Environmental law. 2e éd. Dobbs Ferry, N.Y : Oceana Publications, 2002.

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Kessler, Ronald. The FBI : Inside the world's most powerful law enforcement agency. New York : Pocket Books, 1993.

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Kessler, Ronald. The FBI : Inside the world's most powerful law enforcement agency. New York : Pocket Books, 1993.

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Chumbley, Greg. Insurance law in the United States. 2e éd. [Los Angeles] : CAL-STATE Exams, 1989.

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Collins, Craig. Toxic loopholes : Failures and future prospects for environmental law. New York : Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Collins, Craig. Toxic loopholes : Failures and future prospects for environmental law. New York : Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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R, Fletcher Susan, et United States. Environmental Protection Agency., dir. Environmental laws : Major statutes administered by the EPA. New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2008.

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United States. Internal Revenue Service, dir. Modernizing America's tax agency, 2000. [Washington, D.C.?] : Dept. of the Treasury, Internal Revenue Service, 2000.

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United States. Internal Revenue Service., dir. Modernizing America's tax agency, 2000. [Washington, D.C.?] : Dept. of the Treasury, Internal Revenue Service, 2000.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Agency (Law) – United States"

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Balouziyeh, John M. B. « Agency ». Dans A Legal Guide to United States Business Organizations, 9–19. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37907-9_2.

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Czachorska-Jones, Barbara, Jay Gary Finkelstein et Bahareh Samsami. « United States ». Dans International Handbook of Cooperative Law, 759–78. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30129-2_36.

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Balboni, Paolo. « United States ». Dans Information Technology and Law Series, 65–94. The Hague : T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-493-6_4.

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Wolohan, John. « United States ». Dans ASSER International Sports Law Series, 345–73. The Hague : T.M.C. Asser Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-541-4_19.

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Palmedo, Michael. « United States ». Dans Intellectual Property Law and Access to Medicines, 274–92. London : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003176602-17.

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Karol, Peter J. « United States ». Dans International Perspectives on Disability Exceptions in Copyright Law and the Visual Arts, 138–53. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2020] : Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429342677-15.

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Hunter, Ian, David Saunders et Dugald Williamson. « United States Obscenity Law ». Dans On Pornography, 198–228. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22417-3_7.

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Kosseff, Jeff. « Anonymity Worldwide ». Dans The United States of Anonymous, 171–82. Cornell University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501762383.003.0011.

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This chapter explores the state of anonymity across the world. It starts with the United States, which places a high value on offline and online anonymity. The contrast of anonymity between the United States and other countries lies in their attempts to enact real-name laws or legal requirements for people to use their names when posting content on the Internet. China has an extensive history of imposing real-name mandates while Brazil bans anonymity. Russia enacts a bloggers law that requires bloggers to sign with the nation's media oversight agency, and Iran mandates internet users to register IP addresses. The chapter tackles how Canada, Europe, and the United Kingdom highlight the importance of privacy over free speech. It also explains that the United State does not have an applicable nationwide privacy law even though numerous US states have passed their respective privacy laws.
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Paolo, Saguato. « Part III Post-Trading Infrastructures, 11 Securities and Derivatives Central Counterparties in the United States ». Dans Financial Market Infrastructures : Law and Regulation. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198865858.003.0011.

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This chapter offers the US perspective on securities and derivatives central counterparties (CCPs) and focuses on the macro-prudential and financial stability role bestowed on CCPs by post-crisis policymakers. It unpacks the peculiar economic and governance dynamics of clearinghouses and their delicate incentives structure and focuses on the regulatory framework built by post-crisis policymakers. Interestingly, in the United States, the market and regulatory structure of securities and derivatives CCPs substantially differentiate, with securities CCPs organized as subsidiaries of a stand-alone member-owned firm, and derivatives CCPs being vertically integrated in investor-owned for-profit financial groups. The chapter looks into the two different market structures and ownership models of securities and derivatives clearinghouses and draws comparative analyses of the US and EU approaches to the regulation of clearing markets and CCPs. US derivatives investor-owned CCPs, as their EU peers, present unique agency costs between clearinghouses' members and shareholders, where the members are the final risk bearers of the business but without control rights, and the shareholders retain control rights, but with limited skin in the game. The chapter concludes with some policy considerations on how to strengthen CCPs resilience and how to more effectively mitigate the agency costs that spills from the members-shareholder divide.
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John P, Pace. « 4 Managing the Agenda : Coordination (1955) and Rationalization (1992) ». Dans The United Nations Commission on Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198863151.003.0005.

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This chapter assesses the organizational and managerial underpinning of the work of the Commission on Human Rights. Managing the agenda was not a mere logistical exercise whereby a given set of issues was fitted into a determined breadth of space and time. It was also influenced by the prevailing international climate; different states and/or groups of states had different priorities. Inter-state (and often inter-regional) relations necessarily found their way into the chambers of the Commission. Within this complex process, three factors emerged that affected the management of the agenda: the ongoing emergence of new issues; the differences among states (or groups of states) as to their urgency, relevance to the International Bill of Human Rights and to their political priorities; and the effect that these differences have on the actual treatment of the human rights issues involved. The chapter then considers how the Commission took up the issues described in the previous chapters through a process of ‘coordination’, ‘programming’ and eventually ‘rationalization’, so that they became a part of the agenda.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Agency (Law) – United States"

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Sanz Salla, C. O. « Agency procedures for mitigating damage to cultural heritage in United States Federal and State Administrative Law ». Dans SUSTAINABLE CITY 2008. Southampton, UK : WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc080251.

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Devgun, Jas, Harold Peterson et Cheryl Trottier. « An Update on Clearance Initiatives in the United States ». Dans ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4923.

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A number of initiatives have been underway in the United States in the past several years in the area of clearance of solid materials both at the federal level and at the industry and professional society level. Clearance of solid materials is an issue that has significant economic consequences for decommissioning projects where large quantities of such materials are generated. The cost of treating these materials as low-level radioactive waste (LLW) is prohibitive. A regulatory mechanism could remove economic burdens on such projects while maintaining the public health and safety standards. At the federal level major initiatives are being undertaken by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has also taken some steps in this area under their Clean Materials Program. In the private sector, the nuclear industry is active through the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI). The Health Physics Society (HPS) prepared the ANSI/HPS N13.12 standard about four years ago, which has been approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The American Nuclear Society (ANS) has recently released a Position Statement on the clearance of licensed materials from nuclear sites and the Society has been active in the national deliberations on this subject. The National Academies (NA) conducted a study for the NRC on alternatives for controlling the release of solid materials and their report was issued in 2002. The steel and concrete industries have also participated in the NRC rulemaking process and are opposed to any release standards for materials that may have residual radioactivity on them. This was clear from industry representatives at the stakeholder workshops conducted by the NRC as a part of the enhanced rulemaking effort. A review of all these initiatives shows the intensity of the debate but it also highlights the need for one national standard, preferably dose based, thus allowing site-specific application through derived radioactivity limits. Thus, interagency cooperation and agreement are necessary at the federal level. Consensus is necessary with standard writing organizations, professional societies, public and other stakeholders. This paper provides an overview of the developments in the United States in the area of clearance of solid materials, a brief comparison to international activities, and a discussion of key points for consensus building that is necessary for any initiative to succeed.
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Peake, R. Thomas, Daniel Schultheisz, Loren W. Setlow, Brian Littleton, Reid Rosnick et Ken Czyscinski. « An Overview of US EPA’s Current Radioactive Waste Management and General Radiation Protection Efforts ». Dans ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16104.

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The United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Radiation Protection Division is the portion of EPA (or the Agency) that develops environmental standards for radioactive waste disposal in the United States. One current issue of concern is the disposal of low activity radioactive waste (LAW), including wastes that would be produced by a radiological dispersal device (RDD), for which current disposal options may be either inconsistent with the hazard presented by the material or logistically problematic. Another major issue is related to the resurgence in uranium mining. Over the past several years, demand for uranium for nuclear power plant fuel has increased as has the price. The increase in price has made uranium mining potentially profitable in the US. EPA is reviewing its relevant regulations, developed primarily in the 1980s, for potential revisions. For example, in-situ leaching (also known as in-situ recovery) is now the technology of choice where applicable, yet our current environmental standards are focused on conventional uranium milling. EPA has two actions in process, one related to the Clean Air Act, the other related to revising the environmental standards that implement the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978 (UMTRCA). Separately, but related, EPA has developed over the last several years uranium mining documents that address technologically enhanced natural occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) from abandoned uranium mines, and wastes generated by active uranium extraction facilities. Lastly, in 1977 EPA developed environmental standards that address nuclear energy, fuel fabrication, reprocessing, and other aspects of the uranium fuel cycle. In light of the increased interest in nuclear power and the potential implementation of advanced fuel cycle technologies, the Agency is now reviewing the standards to determine their continued applicability for the twenty-first century.
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Hwang, Irene, Stephanie Pilat, David Rifkind, Mohammad Gharipour, Carmina Sanchez-del-Valle, Carla Jackson Bell, Andrew Chin, Akima Brackeen et McLain Clutter. « Introducing a New Stacked Mentorship Model for Equity in Architectural Education ». Dans 110th ACSA Annual Meeting Paper Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.110.70.

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Mentorship is crucial to the diversification, growth, and agency of the discipline and profession of architecture. If we compare yearly enrollment in architecture (about 8000) to that of other learned professions such as law or medicine (in the tens of thousands), the cumulative impact in each discipline is staggering: by 2020 there were ~120,000 registered architects in the United States; 1.33 million lawyers; 1 million physicians. Although a simplification, the implication is that our capacity to serve society through the built environment (architecture) is one-thirteenth our capacity through social justice (law), or one-tenth of our capacity to serve its physical health (medicine). This disparity suggests that architecture’s contribution to a just and healthy world would greatly increase through the growth in the number and diversity of practicing architects.
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Knorr, Paul Octavius. « Critical and Hard Minerals Management on the United States Outer Continental Shelf ». Dans Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32640-ms.

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Abstract The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior, has responsibility over both energy and non-energy mineral development on the United States Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) under the OCS Lands Act ("OCSLA"). BOEM’s Marine Minerals Program (MMP) manages federal offshore mineral deposits through non-competitive, negotiated agreements for federal sand and gravel ("sand") used in coastal restoration efforts and the competitive leasing of critical and hard economic minerals ("critical minerals"). As the sole federal steward of OCS critical minerals, BOEM MMP is responsible for understanding where critical minerals are located, identifying and understanding their environments, managing activities that affect these resources, and implementing pertinent federal policies. Fulfilling these responsibilities involves the collection and analysis of environmental, geological, and geophysical data; supporting the science needed to understand the impacts of resource-related authorized activities on the biological, physical, and sociocultural environments; encouraging emerging technologies that can reduce the environmental impact of activities; and communicating with stakeholders to foster an understanding of existing federal regulations and potential needs to revise the legal framework. Four U.S. federal rules in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) currently inform MMP’s procedures: 30 CFR 580 (prospecting for minerals), 30 CFR 581 (leasing of minerals), 30 CFR 582 (operations in the OCS related to minerals), and 30 CFR 583 (negotiated noncompetitive agreements for sand). Other federal laws and regulations are also pertinent, particularly those supporting the National Environmental Policy Act, Endangered Species Act, National Historic Preservation Act, Marine Mammal Protection Act, Coastal Zone Management Act, Clean Air Act, Federal Water Pollution Control Act, and Magnuson Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act.
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Monroe, Scott D. « Opening and Operating the WIPP : A Regulator’s Perspective on Policy and Process ». Dans ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1149.

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Abstract The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is the United State’s (U.S.) first deep disposal facility for transuranic radioactive (TRU) waste generated as a result of defense activities. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA or “the Agency”) initially certified the WIPP in May 1998, and WIPP received the first shipment of TRU waste on March 26, 1999. Every five years thereafter, USEPA is required by law to recertify whether the WIPP continues to comply with the USEPA’s radioactive waste disposal regulations. USEPA is coordinating with the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE), which operates the WIPP, to prepare for the first recertification in 2004. This process involves many interesting technical and policy issues.
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Prince, Robert E., et Bradley W. Bowan. « Lessons Learned Siting and Successfully Processing U.S. DOE Radioactive Wastes Using a High Throughput Vitrification Process ». Dans ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4836.

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This paper describes actual experience applying a technology to achieve volume reduction while producing a stable waste form for low and intermediate level liquid (L/ILW) wastes, and the L/ILW fraction produced from pre-processing of high level wastes. The chief process addressed will be vitrification. The joule-heated ceramic melter vitrification process has been used successfully on a number of waste streams produced by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This paper will address lessons learned in achieving dramatic improvements in process throughput, based on actual pilot and full-scale waste processing experience. Since 1991, Duratek, Inc., and its long-term research partner, the Vitreous State Laboratory of The Catholic University of America, have worked to continuously improve joule heated ceramic melter vitrification technology in support of waste stabilization and disposition in the United States. From 1993 to 1998, under contact to the DOE, the team designed, built, and operated a joule-heated melter (the DuraMelterTM) to process liquid mixed (hazardous/low activity) waste material at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina. This melter produced 1,000,000 kilograms of vitrified waste, achieving a volume reduction of approximately 70 percent and ultimately producing a waste form that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) delisted for its hazardous classification. The team built upon its SRS M Area experience to produce state-of-the-art melter technology that will be used at the DOE’s Hanford site in Richland, Washington. Since 1998, the DuraMelterTM has been the reference vitrification technology for processing both the high level waste (HLW) and low activity waste (LAW) fractions of liquid HLW waste from the U.S. DOE’s Hanford site. Process innovations have doubled the throughput and enhanced the ability to handle problem constituents in LAW. This paper provides lessons learned from the operation and testing of two facilities that provide the technology for a vitrification system that will be used in the stabilization of the low level fraction of Hanford’s high level tank wastes.
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Tous, Elena, Jamie L. Ifkovits, Shauna M. Dorsey, Spencer E. Szczesny, Kevin J. Koomalsingh, Takashi Shuto, Toru Soeda et al. « Tunable Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels to Alter and Understand Left Ventricular Remodeling ». Dans ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80284.

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Heart disease causes about 15% of deaths in the United States; about two thirds of these cases are due to coronary artery disease [1]. Post myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular (LV) remodeling ensues and leads to geometric changes that result in dilation and thinning of the myocardial wall. This increases stress in the infarct and healthy tissue and ultimately results in heart failure. Injectable bulking agents have recently emerged as a promising therapy to address these maladaptive changes. As suggested by the Law of Laplace, thickening of the myocardium should decrease stress on the heart and potentially attenuate the negative effects of LV remodeling [2].
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Astello, Mª Magdalena Sánchez, et L. A. Bravo Anaya. « Determination Of The Cost Of Extraction And Sale Price Of Water For Drinking Use : A Case Study ». Dans 2nd WDSA/CCWI Joint Conference. València : Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wdsa-ccwi2022.2022.14752.

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In Mexico, the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, in relation to the human right for water, establishes the fulfillment of five essential characteristics: sufficient, healthy, acceptable, accessible and affordable. Article 4 recognizes that every person has the right to access, disposal and sanitation of water for personal and domestic consumption. The State will guarantee this right and the law will define the bases, supports and modalities for access and equitable and sustainable use of water resources, establishing the participation of the Federation, the states and the municipalities. And, on the other hand, article 115 indicates the functions of the municipality, among them "they will be in charge of the functions and public services of drinking water, drainage, sewage, treatment and disposal of their wastewater" (CPEUM, 1917). The problem in the hydraulic sector in Mexico, and specifically in drinking water from deep wells, is, on the one hand, the lag in the provision of this service, and, on the other, the high costs of extracting and conveying the resource. The objective of this research is to calculate the cost of extracting water for drinking use from a deep well in the town of San Diego, municipality of Texcoco, State of Mexico; and estimate a sale price through the unit price procedure described in the Regulations of the Law on Public Works and Related Services (RLOPSRM), in such a way that the Operating Agency of this well has accurate information on the different costs they incur and get a price that can cover these, plus make a profit. This town has 5,676 inhabitants and 1,381 inhabited dwellings, of these 1,242 have piped water and there are 2,356 users registered as beneficiaries of drinking water, with a well that costs 30 lps. To estimate the sale price, direct costs, indirect costs, financing costs and utility costs were calculated, this price is $0.37 euros/m3, direct costs equal 44%, indirect costs 14% and the financing cost represents 34.2%, because the people who do not pay for the service exceed 50% of the users. The sale price obtained per cubic meter is 228% more than the total cost of extraction, mainly influenced by the cost of financing. The current rate established by the Operating Body is 0.07 euros/m3, 18% of the rate obtained from what should be charged considering all the aspects involved in providing the service. The rate charged is equivalent to 41% of the extraction cost, that if, it does not cover what is spent on water extraction. Even when the Operating Agencies are autonomous for the collection of rates, they must comply with the guidelines set by each State, this work aims to disseminate a complete way of paying for the drinking water service and that the sale price obtained from the service covers all the costs of this.
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Carroll, James N., Kevin Brunner, John McKnight, Rich Waggoner, Daniel Jeffery Ostrosky, Mark Riechers et Joseph E. Klak. « DETERMINATION OF OPERATING RANGES OF MARINE ENGINES ». Dans Small Engine Technology Conference & Exposition. 10-2 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan : Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2007-32-0005.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper summarizes work performed to define the range of recreational boat engine operation for the National Marine Manufacturers Association (NMMA). Sixteen boats were tested on-water with data acquisition systems to measure engine parameters. Boat types included sterndrive and inboard (SD/I), outboard (OB), and personal watercraft (PWC). Each boat was tested with low loads and at its rated load carrying capacity. Each boat was run at prescribed engine speeds from low to maximum speed during data collection. Maps of each boat's engine operation were produced in order to identify the lowest and highest engine load at each engine speed, based on intake manifold depression (for SD/I and OB) or throttle position (for PWC). Each engine type was then installed in a test cell where the lowest and highest engine loads from on-water testing were duplicated in order to measure the engine's output. The engine's low- and high-load torque was corrected to standard conditions and then normalized in order to compare its operation to the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the California Air Resources Board's emission test cycle.</div></div>
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Agency (Law) – United States"

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Fencl, Amanda, Jenny Rempel, Georgia Klein, Allyson Yao, Mo Kyn et Ryder Mitchell. Follow the Money : Are Historic Infrastructure Investments Going to California Communities that Need Them Most ? Union of Concerned Scientists, juin 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47923/2024.15488.

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A Union of Concerned Scientists analysis, using environmental justice screening tools, suggests that federal infrastructure investments in California may fall short of Justice40 Initiative goals. Those goals seek to ensure that investments benefit communities that are historically underserved, underinvested in, and overburdened by pollution. The analysis is based on grant awards in California during the first two years of federal Bipartisan Infrastructure Law spending. With three years of this funding remaining, more federal investments must reach the communities that need them most. The United States needs a transparent, unified Justice40 tracking system that includes decisions about critical state- agency allocations to ensure equitable federal spending.
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Lowney, Martin S., Scott F. Beckerman, Scott C. Barras et Thomas W. Seamans. Gulls. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, mai 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.7208740.ws.

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Abundant gull populations in North America have led to a variety of conflicts with people. Gulls cause damage at aquaculture facilities and other properties, and often collide with aircraft. Their use of structures on and near water results in excessive amounts of bird droppings on boats and docks. Their presence near outdoor dining establishments, swimming beaches, and recreational sites can lead to negative interactions with people. Large amounts of gull fecal material pollutes water and beaches resulting in drinking water contamination and swim bans. A combination of dispersal techniques, exclusion and limited lethal control may reduce damage to an acceptable level. Gulls are classified as a migratory bird species and are protected by federal and, in most cases, state laws. In the United States, gulls may be taken only with a permit issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Occasionally, an additional permit is required from the state wildlife management agency.
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ARMY CONCEPTS ANALYSIS AGENCY BETHESDA MD. United States Army Concepts Analysis Agency FY97 Annual Report. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, décembre 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada340051.

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Davies, Kirk L. The Imposition of Martial Law in the United States. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, janvier 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada372427.

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Sullivan, Gordon R. Organizations and Functions : United States Army Nuclear and Chemical Agency. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mai 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402178.

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Shinseki, Eric K. Organization and Functions : United States Army Logistics Integration Agency (USALIA). Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, décembre 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402179.

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Bloomer, Stephen M. National Guard Domestic Counterdrug Support to United States Law Enforcement Agencies. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mars 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada424197.

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Mead, Jason A. Using the United States Information Agency Methods in the Twenty-First Century. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, mai 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada484892.

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Hilt, Eric. Corporation Law and the Shift toward Open Access in the Antebellum United States. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, mai 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21195.

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Stern, Jonathan M. B., et Benjamin Piper. Resetting Targets : Examining Large Effect Sizes and Disappointing Benchmark Progress. RTI Press, avril 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.op.0060.1904.

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This paper uses recent evidence from international early grade reading programs to provide guidance about how best to create appropriate targets and more effectively identify improved program outcomes. Recent results show that World Bank and US Agency for International Development–funded large-scale international education interventions in low- and middle–income countries tend to produce larger impacts than do interventions in the United States, as measured by effect sizes. However, these effect sizes rarely translate into large gains in mean oral reading fluency scores and are associated with only small increases in the proportion of students meeting country-level reading benchmarks. The limited impact of these low- and middle–income countries’ reading programs on the proportion of students meeting reading benchmarks is in large part caused by right-skewed distributions of student reading scores. In other words, modest impacts on the proportion of students meeting benchmarks are caused by low mean scores and large proportions of nonreaders at baseline. It is essential to take these factors into consideration when setting program targets for reading fluency and comprehension. We recommend that program designers in lower-performing countries use baseline assessment data to develop benchmarks based on multiple performance categories that allow for more ambitious targets focused on reducing nonreaders and increasing beginning readers, with more modest targets aimed at improving oral reading fluency scores and increasing the percentage of proficient readers.
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