Bibliographies thématiques / Africa Orientale

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Africa Orientale »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Africa Orientale"

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Sbacchi, Alberto, Irma Taddia, Mario Gazzini et Alberto Trevisiol. « La Memoria Dell' Impero : Autobiografie Dell' Africa Orientale ». International Journal of African Historical Studies 23, no 2 (1990) : 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219339.

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Canella, Gentucca. « Architettura, tradizione insediativa e pianificazione energetica in nord Africa e in Africa orientale ». TERRITORIO, no 81 (septembre 2017) : 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2017-081012.

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Temple, Walter S. « Transitions Within Queer North African Cinema ». Screen Bodies 2, no 2 (1 décembre 2017) : 64–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/screen.2017.020205.

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In recent years, North African queer cinema has become increasingly visible both within and beyond Arabo-Orientale spaces. A number of critical factors have contributed to a global awareness of queer identities in contemporary Maghrebi cinema, including the dissemination of films through social media outlets and during international film festivals. Such tout contemporain representations of queer sexuality characterize a robust wave of films in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, inciting a new discourse on the condition of the marginalized traveler struggling to locate new forms of self and being—both at home and abroad.
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Sbacchi, Alberto, Silvia Luciani, Irma Taddia et Teobaldo Filesi. « Fonti Comboniane per la Storia Dell' Africa Nord-Orientale, Vol 1 ». International Journal of African Historical Studies 21, no 1 (1988) : 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/219930.

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Stefani, Giulietta. « Italiani e Ascari : Percezioni e Rappresentazioni Dei Colonizzati Nell' Africa Orientale Italiana ». Italian Studies 61, no 2 (octobre 2006) : 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/007516306x142942.

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Polezzi, Loredana. « Imperial reproductions : the circulation of colonial images across popular genres and media in the 1920s and 1930s ». Modern Italy 8, no 1 (mai 2003) : 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1353294032000074061.

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SummaryThe Fascist phase of the Italian colonial experience was characterized by the diffusion of colonial discourses and imagery across Italian culture. Significantly, it was frequent for the same people to produce texts belonging to diverse genres, often cutting across different media and irrespective of distinctions between elite and popular audiences. Concentrating on representations of the East African territories which were eventually to constitute the Africa Orientale Italiana (AOI), the article analyses the way in which a selected number of images of the colonies spread across different genres and media, arguing in favour of an interdisciplinary approach to colonial processes of representation. Textual and visual mappings of Africa inscribed its territories with European symbols, value systems and signifiers. Geographers and travel writers, in particular, had a fundamental role in creating not only the physical but also the mental space for colonization. They enacted the transformation of East Africa from the dangerous and unmapped setting of the heroic acts of individual explorers to the stage for a collective colonial effort. In their footsteps there followed the discourse of tourism and the tourist industry, which was meant to integrate the image of the colonies with that of the peninsula.
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Becucci, Sandra. « Alessandrina Tinne e le altre donne. Italiane in Africa orientale alla fine dell'Ottocento ». La Ricerca Folklorica, no 18 (octobre 1988) : 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1479278.

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Barrera, Giulia. « Mussolini's colonial race laws and state-settler relations in Africa Orientale Italiana (1935-41) ». Journal of Modern Italian Studies 8, no 3 (janvier 2003) : 425–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09585170320000113770.

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Baccetti, Baccio. « Ricerche ortotterologiche sul popolamento dell’ Africa orientale, sotto gli aitspici dell’Accademia Naziomile dei Lincei ». Rendiconti Lincei 7, no 4 (décembre 1996) : 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03002245.

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Luca Podestà, Gian. « Una sovranità limitata. Monete coloniali e tallero di Maria Teresa in Eritrea ed Etiopia ». CHEIRON, no 1 (avril 2021) : 191–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/che2019-001009.

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La creazione di una nuova valuta per le colonie italiane in Africa orientale era guidata da varie ragioni: a) affermare il dominio politico; b) ridurre i costi di transazione; c) costruire l'economia coloniale. Gli eritrei rifiutarono le nuove monete coloniali. Essi forzarono il governo a usare i talleri di Maria Teresa. L'antica valuta austriaca era fusa in oggetti preziosi, i quali costituivano i risparmi delle famiglie. Queste pratiche monetarie erano simili a quelle dell'Ancien Régime in Europa. La persistenza della circolazione dei talleri suggerisce la continuità e la rilevanza di un'economia indipendente e di spazi sociali che contrad-dicevano l'intenzione coloniale di organizzare uno stabile e controllato sistema monetario.
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Plus de sources

Thèses sur le sujet "Africa Orientale"

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Lando, Agnes Lucy. « Integration of African traditional media and modern methods of communication : a pre-requisite for inculturation of the christian message in the local Church of Eastern Africa / ». Rome, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413425166.

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Bisogno, Giulia <1992&gt. « China in Africa : Win-Win cooperation or a new colonialism ? The Western criticism against China's role in sub-Saharan Africa ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14799.

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China’s growing involvement in sub-Saharan African countries, has been the topic of considerable scholarly, media, and even general public attention since 2000, when China established the first summit on China and Africa co-operation. The growing Chinese’s engagement in Africa Sub-Saharan raise concerns about the China’s presence in African countries. Indeed, Western opinion have exacerbated criticism against China, placing the whole world some questions that undermine Chinese reputation: The dissertation in question, will provide the analysis of China’s relation with Sub-Saharan countries through the debate arising between Western and Chinese opinion, focusing attention on a specific period which runs from 2009 to 2018. The first chapter will provide an historical background which purpose is to clarify how China and African countries have strengthened relationship since the beginning of their official engagement. The second chapter will handle with the analysis of China and Sub-Saharan relationship countries through the lecture of two international newspapers which can be considered as a window on the wider world: The Economist and The Guardian. The third chapter will deal with Chinese’ opinion about its own presence in Africa. How China defends its position and reputation against the harsh critics moved by Western concerns? Through the China Daily (Zhongguo Ribao 中国日报), I will provide an analysis of China and Africa contemporary relation from Chinese perspective, considering the debate between China Daily, The Economist and The Guardian
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Cirrincione, Elisa <1995&gt. « Huawei internationalization strategy in Africa : a case of Chinese "colonialism" ? » Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17368.

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L’elaborato finale analizza la presenza cinese in Africa, in particolare nell’area Sub-Sahariana, dalla nascita della Repubblica Popolare Cinese nel 1949 fino ad oggi. Per prima cosa lo studio si concentra sulla successione cronologica dei presidenti cinesi e sulle riforme economiche che hanno dato inizio allo sviluppo del Paese, cominciando dal sistema autarchico di Mao Zedong di influenza sovietica, procedendo con le Riforme di Apertura e la creazione di Zone Economiche Speciali promosse da Deng Xiaoping, continuando con la politica di internazionalizzazione di Jiang Zemin e infine con La Nuova Via della Seta di Xi Jinping. Dopo questa analisi, viene esaminata l’iniziativa economica e politica cinese in Africa, caratterizzata da una prima fase di “Solidarietà del Terzo Mondo” successiva alla Seconda Guerra Mondiale e modificata in seguito in una strategia di internazionalizzazione strutturata e basata sugli investimenti diretti all’estero. Al fine di determinare i fattori chiave della decisione cinese di entrare nel mercato africano, è stata applicata l’analisi SWOT e la strategia di accesso al mercato è stata suddivisa in quattro principali obiettivi: l’approvvigionamento di risorse naturali, l’interventismo politico, il commercio bilaterale e lo scambio di capitale umano. L’industria delle telecomunicazioni è il settore leader delle esportazioni cinesi in Africa, in particolare la telefonia mobile, che ha investito molto in infrastrutture e reti di comunicazione nel continente. L’azienda di telefonia Huawei è stata scelta come caso di studio emblematico di questo fenomeno, date le sue operazioni sul mercato africano negli ultimi vent’anni; la strategia di Huawei in Africa è concentrata prevalentemente sulla creazione di centri di formazione del personale, ricerca e sviluppo, promozione del brand e targeting del potenziale consumatore africano. I risultati di questo studio mostrano che l’iniziativa cinese in Africa può essere considerata come una nuova forma di colonialismo economico, guidato dal principio del “soft power” cinese, che può indurre lo sviluppo economico dell’Africa ma dare anche una spinta egemonica alla Cina.
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Pinna, Gabriella <1993&gt. « Il metallo giallo fra Cina e Africa. Analisi dei rapporti sino-africani e tecniche metallurgiche di estrazione dell'oro nativo con repertorio terminografico ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/11625.

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Da un lato la Cina, dall'altro l'Africa. Fra di esse, l'oro: metallo prezioso e risorsa naturale di primaria importanza. Sono questi i tre punti cardine attorno ai quali ruota e si plasma questo lavoro. La presente tesi si articola in due parti. La prima parte, che consta di quattro capitoli, propone un'analisi storico-politica ed economica dei rapporti che legano Cina ed Africa, incentrandosi sullo sfruttamento da parte di Pechino delle risorse naturali ed energetiche africane e, in particolare, sulla sete cinese d'oro africano. Sempre all'interno di questa prima sezione, il quarto capitolo, di carattere prettamente tecnico e specialistico, prende in rassegna il protagonista di questo lavoro: l'oro, presentandone caratteristiche intrinseche e processi e tecniche d'estrazione. La seconda parte di tale tesi è composta da un corpus di schede terminografiche e due glossari. Il repertorio terminografico prende in esame più di cento termini tecnici estrapolati dal dominio circoscritto delle tecniche metallurgiche di estrazione dell'oro nativo, proponendone un'analisi comparativa in lingua cinese ed italiana.
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Souron, Antoine. « Histoire évolutive du genre Kolpochoerus (Cetartiodactyla : Suidae) au Plio-Pléistocèneen Afrique orientale ». Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2306/document.

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La sous-famille des Suinae est largement répandue en Afrique au Plio-Pléistocène et a été abondamment utilisée pour corréler biochronologiquement les sites à hominidés en se basant sur l'évolution morphologique rapide des troisièmes molaires dans différentes lignées. À partir d'un échantillon important de suinés africains actuels, les schémas de variation morphologique crânio-mandibulaire et dentaire sont quantifiés par morphométrie géométrique. Ce référentiel actuel sert à estimer la variabilité morphologique dans le registre fossile. La révision de la paléobiodiversité du genre Kolpochoerus (le suiné plio-pléistocène le plus abondant) dans les bassins du Turkana et de l'Awash s'appuie sur l'étude anatomique et morphométrique de matériels publié et inédit découverts dans la basse vallée de l'Omo (formation de Shungura) et dans la vallée moyenne de l'Awash en Éthiopie. Une nouvelle espèce fossile est décrite, les trajectoires évolutives au sein de chaque espèce sont quantifiées, et les interprétations biostratigraphiques sont révisées. Les liens de parenté au sein du genre Kolpochoerus sont décrits grâce à l'analyse cladistique. L'étude de la paléoécologie des suinés africains est basée sur l'anatomie comparée et la biogéochimie des isotopes stables (carbone et oxygène). Les suinés fossiles présentent une gamme de taille importante, ainsi que des régimes alimentaires et des habitats variés. Les nouvelles connaissances acquises sur leur biodiversité, leur phylogénie, et leur écologie permettent de proposer une histoire paléobiogéographique des Suinae en Afrique
The subfamily Suinae is widespread in Plio-Pleistocene deposits in Africa, and was heavily used as a biochronological tool to correlate hominid-bearing sites based on the rapid morphological evolution of third molars in different lineages. A large sample of extant African suines enables to quantify patterns of variation in cranio-mandibular and dental morphology using geometric morphometrics. This modern referential is used to estimate the morphological variability in the fossil record. Revision of the paleobiodiversity of the genus Kolpochoerus (the most abundant Plio-Pleistocene suine) in Turkana and Awash basins is based on anatomical and morphometric studies of published and unpublished material discovered in the Lower Omo Valley (Shungura Formation) and in the Middle Awash Valley in Ethiopia. A new fossil species is described, evolutionary trajectories within each species are quantified, and biostratigraphic interpretations are revised. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Kolpochoerus are described by the cladistic analysis. Paleoecological study of African suines is based on comparative anatomy and stable isotopic biogeochemistry (carbon and oxygen). Fossil suines display a wide range of body size, as well as various diets and habitats. The new results produced regarding their biodiversity, phylogeny, and ecology, enable to reconstruct a paleobiogeographic history of Suinae in Africa
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Ba, Mamadou <1991&gt. « La Cina in Africa tra percezione e realtà : il caso del Mali ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14727.

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La crescente presenza della Repubblica Popolare Cinese (RPC) in Africa è un tema controverso. Negli ultimi anni vediamo spesso nei titoli dei giornali la domanda "Cina-Africa, sviluppo o sfruttamento?" oppure "la Cina compra l'Africa". La stesura di questo elaborato vuole contribuire a una migliore conoscenza e comprensione della presenza cinese in Africa in particolare delle dinamiche della cooperazione tra RPC e la Repubblica del Mali. Si è voluto studiare il caso del Mali per vedere se anche le relazioni tra questi due paesi rientrano nel caso delle inquietudini dei media occidentali. Il lavoro si divide in tre parti, la prima tratta della presenza cinese in Africa e delle interpretazione prevalenti; nella seconda si esamina la relazione Cina-Mali dal post indipendenza ad oggi e nell'ultima, attraverso delle interviste in loco, si cerca di dare voce al popolo maliano circa la presenza cinese nel loro paese.
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MANCOSU, GIANMARCO. « La Luce per l’impero. I cinegiornali sull’Africa Orientale Italiana 1935-1942 ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266835.

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In my PhD dissertation I try to answer to the question on how the Fascist regime in Italy represented its empire through the “Istituto Luce” newsreels, between the 1935 and 1942. Given the lack of a comprehensive work on the above mentioned subject, I’ve investigated on how cinematographic representations could shape or redefine the process of identity building during the “Ventennio”. In order to achieve a broad theoretical frame, in the first chapter I’ve analysed the roots of the Italian fascist’s culture. The discourse as conceived by Michel Foucault is a key concept to investigate about the relationship between power, knowledge and culture. I’ve used two theoretical evolutions of the Foucault’s discourse, namely the visual discourse and the Orientalist theory. In so doing I’ll be able to apply the concept in order to study the visual products about colonialism. Then I’ve investigated about the history of Italian colonialism, focusing on both the invasion of Ethiopia in 1935 and the reasons of the delay that characterized the early studies on the topic. In the chapter two I’ve specified a methodological frame to understand the relationship between Fascism and Italian masses through the newest mass media such as cinema and radio broadcast; as a result I underline several concept of modernity which found place within the cultural space of Fascism. The reconstruction of the “manufacture of consent” allows me a first examination about the role of the “Istituto Luce” within the Fascist regime. New archival records give me the possibility to a meticulous reconstruction of the activity of the Istituto Luce during the Ethiopia’s war. Chapter three is about the “Reparto fotocinematografico Africa Orientale dell’Istituto Luce” (RAO), which factually made imperial newsreels. Related to the activity of the RAO, other two original aspects have been analysed: the activity of the “Ufficio Stampa e Propaganda Africa Orientale” which had to coordinate the whole info-propagandistic activity between Africa and Italy; then I’ve focused my attention on the diffusion of the cinema in the “Africa Orientale Italiana” as a tool to reinforce racial borders between black and white people. In the last chapter I’ve analysed 200 newsreels in order to investigate about the gap between reality and cinematographic representations. Visual analysis is placed in the historical and theoretical frame above mentioned: in this way I’m able to reconstruct the discourse on identity and otherness that shaped these cinematographic representations.
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Fontana, Laura <1988&gt. « L' "offensiva dello charme" cinese in Africa : il soft power di Pechino come strategia culturale - il nuovo ruolo dei media cinesi nel panorama mediatico africano ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3543.

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La presenza cinese in Africa non è un fenomeno nuovo: fin dalla sua formazione la RPC cominciò a provare interesse verso i paesi del Terzo Mondo. Ma fu soltanto a partire dalla prima conferenza del FOCAC, tenutasi a Pechino nel 2000, che i rapporti sino-africani si intensificarono e presero la forma del cosiddetto “soft power”. Il successo di questa nuova strategia cinese nel continente africano è dovuto alla cooperazione “win-win”, alla diplomazia pubblica cinese, alla sua politica di non-interferenza e al suo concetto di “ascesa pacifica”. Gli ambiti di attuazione sono molti e consistono negli aiuti allo sviluppo economico africano, negli ingenti investimenti in grandi opere infrastrutturali e nella cancellazione dei debiti. Ma gli interventi in campo sociale e culturale sono i più interessanti: la Cina iniziò a promuovere gli scambi culturali, iniziò ad offrire borse di studio per gli studenti africani che volevano andare in Cina a studiare e, infine, iniziò ad aprire su tutto il territorio africano gli Istituti Confucio, per lo studio e la diffusione della lingua e della cultura cinesi. Per poter influenzare profondamente anche il popolo africano, i cinesi utilizzano i propri potenti mezzi di informazione statali (la CRI, la CCTV e l’agenzia di stampa Xinhua). Questi media, recentemente, sono entrati nel panorama mediatico africano, fornendo assistenza e promuovendo nuovi programmi di comune interesse. Ma come percepiscono gli africani la presenza cinese nel loro territorio? La visione generale è positiva, anche se le opinioni si diversificano in base alla regione africana analizzata e ai diversi gruppi sociali di cui è composta. Gli scopi finali del soft power cinese in Africa sono: innanzitutto, avere accesso alle grandi riserve di materie prime di cui l’Africa è ricca; in secondo luogo, diminuire l’influenza occidentale in questi territori; infine, isolare Taiwan. L’opinione pubblica e i media sono degli strumenti chiave per raggiungere questi obiettivi.
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Monte, Elisa <1994&gt. « Gli investimenti cinesi in Africa, con particolare riferimento al campo petrolifero e al relativo repertorio terminografico ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13902.

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Cina e Africa, due paesi culturalmente e geograficamente distanti, ma la cui storia risente l'uno dell'altro. Per la Cina infatti, il continente nero è stato un banco di prova importante per realizzare la propria ascesa economica a livello globale, mentre l'Africa deve molte delle proprie infrastrutture al Paese di mezzo. I primi contatti sino-africani risalgono all'epoca della dinastia Tang e dopo pochi anni si interruppero fino al 1955, anno a partire dal quale i due paesi si riavvicinarono e crearono legami sempre più stretti e profondi, fino ad arrivare al giorno d'oggi, in cui qualche studioso definisce l'Africa una colonia della Cina, dalla quale quest'ultima attinge risorse naturali, in particolar modo petrolio e oro. Tramite questo lavoro di tesi, si analizza in primo luogo la storia delle relazioni tra i due paesi, e secondariamente ci si concentra sul mercato petrolifero cinese e sull'ingresso della Repubblica Popolare in Africa al fine di assicurarsi un continuo e abbondante rifornimento di oro nero, materia che attualmente permea le nostre vite ma che gradualmente si sta esaurendo. Il terzo capitolo, di carattere tecnico, verte sulle fasi di estrazione e raffinazione del greggio e propone una sintesi dei principali prodotti derivati dalla lavorazione di tale materia. All'interno del capitolo sono presenti dei termini specialistici evidenziati in grassetto e affiancati dalla traduzione in cinese, che saranno analizzati nelle schede terminografiche.
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Aithal, Anand T. « Coffee value chains and farming systems in East Africa : an analysis of efficiencies and incoming generation ». Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20011.

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The Objective of this research is to find out how the smallholder coffee farmers in East Africa are affected by the global coffee value chain within which they function. The study was carried out on 4 sites in 3 countries. The research looks at the efficiency of the coffee value chains in terms of transfer of price and reward for good quality coffee, and investigates how the coffee value chain affects the choice and income levels of the coffee farmers. The three countries followed different local value chains and price transfer mechanisms. In Uganda, it was the liberalized open market system where the transfer of ownership of coffee happened at the farm-gate. In Kenya, the value chain was organized around an auction which rewarded good quality coffee while its ownership was still with the farmer. In Rwanda, there was government control on price and farmers were either able to sell their coffee directly at the farm gate or through cooperatives they were members of. Kenyan coffee auction system was best designed to reward quality, but the length of the value chain was so long and controlled that the farmers within this system made a loss from coffee. The system in which farmers made profits from coffee was found to be in the open market system in Uganda, where price was set based on negotiations at the farm gate. This was also because the cost of production was lower on this site as compared to the other sites. This led us to form a minimum price for coffee which would ensure that farmers would make at least some profits from growing coffee. Coffee though is not enough for farmers to survive. Farmers diversify their income portfolios by planting different crops. The efficiency of this strategy though is based on land sizes. It was found that farmers with larger land sizes have greater returns on investment than farmers with smaller land sizes. This means that the future of coffee and farming as a viable and profitable enterprise depends on the ability of farmers to aggregate land sizes, not further sub divide land as is the current trend. The research proposes a system of production that would use the existing coffee value chains in a way that would be beneficial for farmers. This is based on the fact that unit of global trade in coffee is actually a container of coffee, not a kilo. This means that if farmers are organized around producing a container of coffee, the production unit becomes a group of farmers of around 200 in number, based on the calculated yield per tree across the different sites. Given that currently farmers act as individual production units (like in Uganda and Rwanda) or in big groups of a few thousand farmers (like in Kenya); a bit of reorganization might be required to ensure that farmers continue to grow coffee and make profits from it
L'objectif de la recherche est d'analyser comment les petits producteurs de café d'Afrique de l'Est sont influencés par l'ensemble de la filière. L'étude a été menée sur quatre sites dans trois pays. La recherche s'intéresse à l'efficacité de la filière en termes de coûts de transactions et de transmission des prix ainsi que de paiement de la qualité. Elle étudie comment la filière affecte les choix et les niveaux de revenu des fermiers. Les trois pays ont des structures de filières et des mécanismes de transfert des prix différents. En Ouganda, c'est un système de marché libéralisé ouvert où le transfert de propriété du café s'opère bord champ. Au Kenya, la chaîne de valeur est organisée autour d'un système d'enchères qui valorise le café de bonne qualité dont la propriété reste dans les mains du fermier. Au Rwanda, il y a un contrôle gouvernemental sur les prix et les producteurs ont la possibilité soir de vendre leur café directement à la ferme soit par l'intermédiaire de coopératives dont ils sont membres. Le système kenyan d'enchères est le mieux placé pour payer la qualité, mais la longueur de la filière est si longue et si contrôlée que les fermiers perdent de l'argent sur leur café. Le système le plus profitable est celui d'Ouganda, où les prix sont basés sur la négociation à la ferme ; aussi parce que le coût de production est plus bas que sur les autres sites. Le café ne suffit pas aux fermiers pour survivre. Les producteurs diversifient leurs revenus en plantant d'autres cultures. L'efficacité de cette stratégie est fonction de la taille du foncier. Les fermiers ayant de nombreuses terres ont un rapport sur investissement plus important que ceux qui ont peu de terres et des parcelles de petite taille. Cela signifie que l'avenir du café en tant qu'entreprise viable et profitable dépend de la capacité des fermiers à agréger des terres et non à les subdiviser comme dans la tendance actuelle. La recherche propose un système de production qui s'appuierait sur les filières existantes selon un mode qui serait bénéfique aux fermiers. Il est fondé sur le fait que l'unité de transaction du café soit un conteneur et non un kilo. Cela signifie que si les fermiers sont organisés pour produire un conteneur de café, l'unité de production devient, sur la base du rendement par arbre dans les différents sites, un groupe de fermiers d'environ 200 producteurs. Étant donné qu'actuellement les fermiers agissent en tant qu'unité individuelle de production (comme en Ouganda ou au Rwanda) ou en grands groupes de quelques milliers de fermiers (comme au Kenya), une certaine réorganisation est requise pour assurer la pérennité de la production et des profits réalisés
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Livres sur le sujet "Africa Orientale"

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Guerra in Africa orientale. Collegno (Torino) : R. Chiaramonte, 2011.

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Gli italiani in Africa orientale. Milano : A. Mondadori, 1992.

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Betti, Claudio Mario. Missioni e colonie in Africa orientale. Roma : Studium, 1999.

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Giorgio, Apostolo, dir. Ali italiane in Africa orientale : 1935-1940. Parma : Albertelli, 1997.

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Pradines, Stéphane. Fortifications et urbanisation en Afrique orientale. Oxford, England : Archaeopress, 2004.

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Boca, Angelo Del. Gli Italiani in Africa Orientale : La caduta dell'impero. Milano : Mondadori, 1992.

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Maria, Carcangiu Bianca, et Negash Tekeste, dir. L' Africa orientale italiana nel dibattito storico contemporaneo. Roma : Carocci, 2007.

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Rizza, Cecilia. Africa orientale italiana, 1939-1945 : Tra cronaca e ricordi. Fasano (Brindisi) : Schena, 2002.

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Costalunga, Lisa. Aspetti del colonialismo tedesco in Africa orientale, 1884-1914. Genova : Effepi, 2001.

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Nistri, Pier Francesco. Africa orientale italiana : Cinquanta anni dopo ! : testimonianze e considerazioni. Roma : Wage, 1990.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Africa Orientale"

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MacLean, Gerald M. « Ottoman Egypt : African Empire in Ruins ». Dans The Rise of Oriental Travel, 157–76. London : Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230511767_14.

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Gavaza, Mudiwa A., et Noel J. Pearse. « Social Media Use and Maturity in a Youth-Orientated Community Radio Station : The Case of Rhodes Music Radio ». Dans Converged Radio, Youth and Urbanity in Africa, 155–84. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19417-7_9.

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Lo Basso, Luca. « Traffici globali. Corallo, diamanti e tele di cotone negli affari commerciali dei Genovesi in Oriente ». Dans Atti delle «Settimane di Studi» e altri Convegni, 533–54. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-857-0.28.

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Genoese merchants, who certainly did not disappear after 1627, during the second half of the century were able to establish new global-scale commercial networks on a par with those of other merchant communities (those of the Jews for instance). In the 1660s and for a few decades, Genoese goods – paper and fabrics – sailed to the Indies with African slaves. On their way back, the same Genoese ships would carry tonnes of silver and a wealth of other colonial goods thereby increasing trade with the East. This commercial framework is the backdrop to the story of Nicolò and Pietro Francesco Fieschi, two brothers whose lives testify how between the second half of the seventeenth century and the early decades of the eighteenth century, merchants from Genoa certainly had not withdrawn from international commerce focusing only on financial profits. On the contrary they were able to find new commercial momentum in opportunities provided by the connections brought about by the ever-more globalised world.
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Gnanvossou, Désiré, Rachid Hanna, Aimé H. Bokonon-Ganta, Sunday Ekesi et Samira A. Mohamed. « Release, Establishment and Spread of the Natural Enemy Fopius arisanus (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) for Control of the Invasive Oriental Fruit Fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera : Tephritidae) in Benin, West Africa ». Dans Fruit Fly Research and Development in Africa - Towards a Sustainable Management Strategy to Improve Horticulture, 575–600. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43226-7_26.

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Ascalone, Enrico. « Pesi dall’Iran Orientale. » Dans Tales of Three Worlds - Archaeology and Beyond : Asia, Italy, Africa, 3–16. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv10crdr5.6.

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Ballinger, Pamela. « Wartime Repatriations and the Beginnings of Decolonization ». Dans The World Refugees Made, 43–76. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501747588.003.0007.

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This chapter recounts the large-scale wartime repatriations of civilians from Italian overseas territories. From the very start, demographic colonization aimed at establishing sizable and permanent settler populations in various parts of the empire had necessitated policies of both voluntary and involuntary repatriation of individual colonists and settler families. Reasons for such individual repatriations ranged from illness, to inability to work, to “immoral” behavior that could damage fascist prestige in the colonies and encourage insubordination on the part of fellow colonists. In contrast to such individual movements, the removal of Italian civilians from Italy's African territories carried out between 1940 and 1943 took place under the banner of state-sponsored humanitarianism. Once Italy joined the conflict, a number of repatriations occurred on so-called hospital ships. The three missions from Africa Orientale Italiana (AOI) to Italian ports carried out between 1942 and 1943 on the “white ships” or navi bianche—four transatlantic cruise ships painted white with the red cross—remain the best known of such efforts and brought approximately 27,778 citizens back to the peninsula.
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Prévost, Gérard. « Du « Printemps de Prague » au « Printemps arabe » : homologies, constantes cachées et formation socio-historique ». Dans North Africa in the Process of Change : Political, Legal, Social and Economic Transformations, 51–70. Ksiegarnia Akademicka Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/9788376386553.04.

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Les mouvements de transformation sociopolitique en Europe centrale et orientale puis en Méditerranée renvoient à des ensembles sociopolitiques homologues, de même portée historique et dans des formations territoriales, sociales et politiques hétérogènes. Ils se sont déclenchés selon des processus équivalents, marqués par des interactions attachées à des relations historiques dans la courte et moyenne durée. Ils ont produit des effets selon les particularités sociales, politiques et culturelles de chaque pays, que l’on peut mesurer aujourd’hui. Certains ont été, ou sont encore le théâtre de guerres civiles, d’autres de configurations coagulées reconduites dans les mêmes terme, d’autres prolongent les résistances, les engagements ponctuels et les luttes multiformes, ou sont dans la distanciation. L’hypothèse suggère donc que les deux événements ont un rapport, certes complexe l’un avec l’autre, en symbiose avec leur production historique. Ainsi, les équivalences homologiques entre les deux événements permettent-elles de dégager les constantes cachées manifestant tout autant leurs causes, les facteurs historiques, socioculturels et politiques ayant conduit les processus de transformation sur le moyen et long terme. Ce dévoilement met l’accent sur les continuités, tout autant que sur les singularités des liaisons historiques ayant formé un espace commun comme champ d’altercation historicisé à l’interface entre Nord et Sud qui prétend définir le conflit Nord- Sud par le manichéisme d’affrontement de l’Islam et de l’Occident. Dans cette perspective, il s’agit d’identifier les facteurs qui ont produit les changements, de mesurer leur apport quant au champs théorique concernant les rapports État/société, quant à celui des « issues révolutionnaires » et des constructions politiques qu’elles accompagnent par rapport aux deux formes de « populisme dans lesquelles elles se sont inscrites, en Europe centrale, en Méditerranée et au Maghreb.
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Shemunkasho, Aho. « Oriental Orthodox ». Dans Christianity in North Africa and West Asia, 247–58. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781474428064-025.

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Tesfaye, Ayalkibet Berhanu. « Oriental Orthodox Churches in Africa ». Dans Anthology of African Christianity, 265–74. Fortress Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1ddcqdc.37.

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Teifel, Harry. « Establishing eco-systems in support of medical devices industrialisation ». Dans Medical Devices Innovation for Africa : enabling industrialisation, 5–16. University of Cape Town Libraries, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15641/uctlib40375.

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Africa is set to become the most populous continent in the decades to come. In contrast to this –and with minor exceptions –only a small fraction of the Medical Devices deployed here are sourcedfrom Africa. This anomaly is not sustainable in the mediumterm and begs severalquestions:i.How does one create an eco-system that is conducive to localisationin South Africa and other African countries? ii.What are thespecific challenges that often lead to the non-conversion of ideas to viable products –and how can wasteful industrialisationbe avoided?iii.Looking into the future, what is the nature of Systems Thinking solutions required to support optimal collaborative industrialisationin a 4thIndustrial Revolution (4IR) environment?The purpose of this write-up is to offer a high-level glimpse into these three issues with a view to defining the requirements for sustainable and future-orientated Medical Devices industrialisationin Africa.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Africa Orientale"

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Sarr, Bilal, Luca Mattei et Yaiza Hernández Casas. « Asentamientos fortificados en el Rif Oriental (siglos VIII-XV). Nuevos datos sobre Ghassasa y Tazouda (Nador, Marruecos) ». Dans FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia : Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11519.

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Fortified settlements in Eastern Rif (eighth-fifteenth centuries): new data on Ghassasa and Tazouda (Nador, Morocco)The present paper attempts to aproximate to the archaeological research of two of the most relevants fortified settlements of the Medieval Rif (north of Morocco), Ghassasa and Tazouda. Reviewing the written sources –Ibn Ḥawqal, al-Bakrī, al-Idrīsī, Ibn Ḥayyān, al-Bādisī, etc.– and comparing the data they offer with the archaeological records of surface, we report here the recent hypothesis deduced from the analysis of their emerging structures and pottery, trying to trace some new information of the fortification process in the Rif since Early Medieval centuries to the fifteenth century and to detect the development of the interrelations and influences by the commercial exchanges between twice Mediterranean coasts: North African and al-Andalus. So, we offer the planimetry of both settlements, Ghassasa and Tazouda, which haven´t been documented before, and also some typologies of Magrib’s medieval pottery founded there, contributing with an original research to the study of medieval urbanism in Magrib al-Aqṣā and the role that they take on the trade routes existing between Bilād al-Sūdān, to Siŷilmāsa, and al-Andalus.
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Vorontsova, Marina, et Evgeniya Klyukina. « The Influence of Transformations in the Modern Labour Market on Foreign Language Courses at Universities ». Dans 14th International Scientific Conference "Rural Environment. Education. Personality. (REEP)". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2021.14.028.

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The topicality of the study is determined by the discord between the foreign language teaching standards in Russian universities and undergraduate and graduate students’ requirements oriented towards the modern labour market. Having obtained a specialty, university graduates may work in different fields or change their job profile altogether; the borders of professions and professional standards are undergoing changes as well. The aim of the study is to show the necessity to transform foreign language teaching standards at the university level in accordance with the recent and ongoing changes in the job market. The hypothesis of the study is that foreign language teaching standards in Russia should integrate communicative competence, critical and creative thinking, and learning to learn as necessary components. It is suggested that students of non-philological specialties should be taught two or three foreign languages instead of only advancing their command of English. The hypothesis was confirmed by the polls conducted among undergraduate and graduate students of the College of Asian and African Studies (CAAS, Lomonosov MSU), over 2019-2020. The study resulted in developing a new standard of teaching foreign languages at the CAAS, which includes teaching two European languages alongside an oriental/African one, and creating a new structure of the English language course oriented towards developing soft skills rather than a purely linguistic component. Thus, the study seeks to substantiate the need for the new standard by the requirements of the modern job market and graduates’ demands. Creating the new standard targeting soft skills development and teaching two European languages is a practical result of this work.
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Esaa, Ayat Abdelrahim Suliman, Harun Bal et Erhan İşcan. « The Export-Led Growth Hypothesis : A Panel Cointegration Approach in the Middle East and North Africa Countries (1980-2017) ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02296.

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This study examines the hypothesis of the Export-Led Growth in the seven selected Middle East and North Africa countries, the hypothesis state that export growth driven by export promotion policies enhances overall economic growth. Empirical investigations have tended to focus attention on the direction of causality between exports and economic growth using Granger causality tests. However, the empirical results based on these tests are, at best, mixed and often contradictory. The paper employs panel data analysis by utilizing the Pedroni panel cointegration, Pedroni Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares and Fully Modify Ordinary Least Squares, and Canning-Pedroni causality methods, a recent development in panel data econometrics, properties of integration and cointegration and consistency of parameters. The study considers the following three variables; Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Real exports (EXP) and Real import (IMP). Annual secondary data are obtained from the World Bank Development Indicator for seven MENA countries, Namely, Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Qatar. The empirical results emphasize the existence of a positive relationship between Export and GDP. Results of waled and Z-bar Group statistics indicate the long-run unidirectional causality between Export and GDP, operates from Export to the GDP. It confirms the validity of Export-led growth hypothesis of the seven selected MENA countries. Empirical evidence suggests significant policy prescriptions; these countries should focus more on supporting export orientated industries through aid-for-trade, trade-capacity building schemes and other types of policies in order to promote economic growth.
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Graham, J. B., D. B. Lubahn, J. D. Kirshtein, S. T. Lord, I. M. Nilsson, A. Wallmark, R. Ljung et al. « THE “MALMO“ EPITOPE OF FACTOR IX : PHENOTYPIC EXPRESSION OF THE “VIKING“ GENE ». Dans XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643566.

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The epitope of a mouse monoclonal AB (9.9) which detects a Factor IX (F.IX) polymorphism in the plasma of normal persons (PNAS 82:3839, 1985) has been related to not more than 6 AA residues of F.IX by recombinant DNA technology. The same 6 residues define Smith’s polymorphic epitope (Am. J. Human Genet. 37:688, 1985 and in press). This region of F.IX contains the alanine:threonine dimorphism at residue 148 first suggested by McGraw et al. (PNAS 82: 2847, 1985) and established by Winship and Brownlee with synthetic DNA oligomers (Lancet in press). Using synthetic DNA probes, we have found that the DNA difference between positive and negative reactors to 9.9 is whether base pair 20422, the first pair in the codon for residue 148, is A:T or G:C. We can conclude that 9.9 reacts with F.IX containing threonine but not alanine at position 148.The F.IX immunologic polymorphism-whose epitope we are referring to as “Malmo”-is, not surprisingly, in strong linkage disequilibrium with two F.IX DNA polymorphisms, TaqI and Xmnl. The highest frequency of the rarer Malmo allele in 6 disparate ethnic groups was in Swedes (32%); a lower frequency (14%) was seen in White Americans whose ancestors came overwhelmingly from the Celtic regions of the British Isles; it was at very low frequency or absent in Black Americans, East Indians, Chinese and Malays. A maximum frequency in Swedes and absence in Africans and Orientals suggest that the transition from A:T to G:C occurred in Scandinavia and spread from there. The history of Europe and America plus the geographical distribution of the rare allele lead us to suggest that this locus might be designated: “the Viking gene”.
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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Africa Orientale"

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Torre, Costanza. Considérations clés : Mobiliser les « personnes en déplacement » pour promouvoir l’acceptation du vaccin contre la COVID-19 en Italie. SSHAP, mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.023.

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La présente note stratégique relative aux considérations clés énonce les perceptions, la compréhension et les expériences de la vaccination contre la COVID-19 parmi les « personnes en déplacement » en Italie. Pour un nombre croissant de ces personnes, l’Italie est considérée comme une destination de transit pour atteindre d’autres pays européens. Les considérations exposées dans cette note stratégique sont pertinentes pour les pays situés le long des routes migratoires de la Méditerranée orientale et centrale. Les décideurs de l’UE ont exprimé leur inquiétude quant à la vulnérabilité des populations mobiles – un groupe qui comprend les réfugiés, les demandeurs d’asile et des migrants sans papiers – en ce qui concerne la COVID-19. En raison de l’extrême mobilité de ces populations, associée à la frayeur vis-à-vis des autorités de l’État, les experts en santé publique ont relié les communautés à un risque accru de transmission de la COVID-19 à l’intérieur et au-delà des frontières nationales. Pourtant, les mêmes facteurs reliant les populations mobiles à la transmission de la COVID-19 rendent également ces personnes difficiles à atteindre par le biais de campagnes de vaccination menées par l’État. Cette note stratégique met en évidence les complexités de cette situation humanitaire et fournit des conseils concernant les approches de vaccination qui tiennent compte des vulnérabilités et des priorités spécifiques des populations. Cette note stratégique s’appuie sur des recherches menées le long de la frontière alpine italienne en 2021. Elle a été rédigée pour la SSHAP par Costanza Torre (LSE) en collaboration avec Elizabeth Storer (LSE) et Sara Vallerani (Université de Rome III). En outre, des contributions et des commentaires ont été fournis par Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), Eloisa Franchi (Université Paris Saclay – Université de Pavie), et le Professeur Federico Federici (UCL). La responsabilité inhérente à cette note stratégique revient à la SSHAP. La recherche a été financée par le biais du Fonds du G7 (COVG7210058) destiné au programme de reprise après la COVID-19 de l'Académie Britannique. La recherche était basée au Firoz Lalji Institute for Africa, London School of Economics. La responsabilité inhérente à cette note stratégique revient à la SSHAP.
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Vallerani, Sara, Elizabeth Storer et Costanza Torre. Key Considerations : Equitable Engagement to Promote COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Undocumented Urban Migrants. SSHAP, mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.013.

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This brief sets out key considerations linked to the promotion of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among undocumented migrants residing in Rome, Italy. We focus on strategies to equitably distribute COVID-19 vaccines. Evidence from Italy is applicable to other contexts where vaccine administration is tied to “vaccine passports” or “immunity passes”. Undocumented migrants have been considered as some of the “hardest to reach” groups to engage in COVID-19 vaccination outreach. This brief uses the term undocumented migrant or migrant for brevity, but we refer to people living without formal Italian citizenship, refugee status or right to remain in Italy. This brief explores the everyday context of undocumented migrants lives, and how experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic have exacerbated difficult conditions. It links emerging vulnerabilities to perceptions of vaccines, and we suggest that migrants orientate themselves towards the vaccines within frameworks which prioritise economic survival. In many cases, migrants have accepted a COVID-19 vaccine to access paid employment, yet this has often generated mistrust in the state and healthcare system. Accordingly, this brief considers how vaccines can be distributed equitably to boost trust and inclusion in the post-pandemic world. This brief draws primarily on the ethnographic evidence collected through interviews and observations with undocumented migrants in Rome, along with civil society representatives and health workers between December 2021 and January 2022. This brief was developed for SSHAP by Sara Vallerani (Rome Tre University), Elizabeth Storer (LSE) and Costanza Torre (LSE). It was reviewed by Santiago Ripoll (IDS, University of Sussex), with further reviews by Paolo Ruspini (Roma Tre University) and Eloisa Franchi (Université Paris Saclay, Pavia University). The research was funded through the British Academy COVID-19 Recovery: G7 Fund (COVG7210058). Research was based at the Firoz Lalji Institute for Africa, London School of Economics. The brief is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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